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| 776 | Computer 1
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Classification of MS patients into disability levels using deep learning approaches based solely on routinely-acquired MRI |
| Llucia Coll1, Pere Carbonell-Mirabent1, Álvaro Cobo-Calvo1, Georgina Arrambide1, Ángela Vidal-Jordana1, Manuel Comabella1, Joaquín Castilló1, Breogán Rodríguez-Acevedo1, Ana Zabalza1, Ingrid Galán1, Luciana Midaglia1, Carlos Nos1, Annalaura Salerno2, Cristina Auger2, Manel Alberich2, Jordi Río1, Jaume Sastre-Garriga1, Arnau Oliver3, Xavier Montalban1, Àlex Rovira2, Mar Tintoré1, Deborah Pareto2, Xavier Lladó3, and Carmen Tur1 | ||
1Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 2Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (IDI), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Spain. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 3Research institute of Computer Vision and Robotics, University of Girona, Girona, Spain |
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The ability of existing MRI biomarkers to predict MS patients’ prognosis is limited and inaccurate to be used at the individual level. We aimed to assess the ability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to classify relapse-onset MS patients into non-disabled and markedly disabled using only MRI images. T1w and T2w-FLAIR images of 538 MS patients were used to train and test two CNN approaches which were compared also with (conventional) logistic regression models. The results showed that the CNN models performed better, having the intrinsic potential to improve after the inclusion of regional priors and other valuable clinical data. |
| 777 | Computer 2
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Improved Detection, Description and Efficiency of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions’ Assessment using a Dedicated Software |
| Christian Federau1, Guangming Zhu2, Nicolin Hainc3, Silvio Paganucci1, Lukas Kipp2, and Max Wintermark2 | ||
1AI Medical, Zollikon, Switzerland, 2Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3University Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland |
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Yearly multiple sclerosis MRI follow-ups require the tedious and time-consuming manual comparing and counting of multiple demyelinating lesions, which can reach hundreds in some cases. We evaluated a semi-automatic software for the efficient assessment of such images, and found that a significant increase in the number of reported new multiple sclerosis lesions can be achieved in two-and-a-half minutes reading on average per case. In contrast, current standard reports missed 80% of the new lesions. In addition, The Jazz software permits the efficient reporting of slowly evolving lesions, an entity growing in clinical relevance and typically overlooked in current reporting. |
| 778 | Computer 3
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“Better together”: a combination of machine learning and radiomics to predict long-term disability in Multiple Sclerosis |
| Sirio Cocozza1, Renato Cuocolo1, Giuseppe Pontillo1, Lorenzo Ugga1, Maria Petracca1, Teresa Costabile1, Roberta Lanzillo1, Vincenzo Brescia Morra1, Mario Quarantelli2, and Arturo Brunetti1 | ||
1University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy, 2National Research Council, Naples, Italy |
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The identification of early biomarkers to predict the disability accumulation is crucial in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We performed a combined radiomics and Machine Learning (ML) study to predict long-term clinical changes in MS. Radiomics data were extracted from data of 177 patients with a 10-years clinical follow-up available. The model based on the recursive elimination of the features combined with the Extra Trees classifier was able to obtain a maximum precision for each endpoint of 0.71 and 0.69 for cognitive and motor disability, respectively.This combined radiomics-ML approach seems to be a feasible tool for long-term clinical prediction in MS. |
| 779 | Computer 4
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Physics-Constrained Neural Network for Synthesis of MR Parameter Maps and Clinical Contrast |
| Gawon Lee1, Ji Wan Son1, Ken SaKaie2, Kunio Nakamura3, Yufan Zheng3, Daniel Ontaneda4, Bruce Trapp5, Mark Lowe2, Dong Hye Ye6, and Se-hong Oh7 | ||
1Division of Biomedical engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 2Imaging institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institue, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 5Department of Neurosciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 6Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 7Biomedical engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of |
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When a clinical MR scan is acquired, there might be missing tissue contrasts due to the corruption by patient’s motion during long scan time. In this study, we propose a method to synthesize the missing T2-weighted or FLAIR contrasts from a T1-weighted image using physics-constrained neural network. We incorporate the Bloch equations that generate MR contrast images from tissue parameter maps based on MR physical models into a synthesis neural network and show the improved performance compared with the existing U-Net directly synthesizing from a T1-weighted image. |
| 780 | Computer 5
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Multimodal lesion characterization in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study |
| Simona Schiavi1, Gian Franco Piredda2,3,4, Caterina Lapucci5, Francesco Tazza1, Domenico Zacà6, Luca Roccatagliata7,8, Tom Hilbert2,3,4, Tobias Kober2,3,4, Matilde Inglese1,9, and Mauro Costagli1 | ||
1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4LTS5, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5HNSR, IRRCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, 6Siemens Healthcare s.r.l, Milan, Italy, Milan, Italy, 7Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, 8Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 9IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy |
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Using a comprehensive multimodal quantitative MRI protocol, we study the relationships between different microstructural metrics inside lesional tissue and investigate the heterogeneous pathological processes underlying alterations visible as hyperintense plaques in FLAIR images. Our preliminary results suggest that, although all the metrics can detect differences between lesions and normal appearing white matter, not all are directly associated with clinical status. Moreover, many metrics are intercorrelated and should not be considered as independent information when analyzing clinical outcomes. Understanding the clinical value of these parameters can advance the understanding of complex microstructural processes in neurological diseases and informs MRI protocol designs. |
| 781 | Computer 6
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Microvascular Morphology Alteration Using Relaxation Rate Change with Gd-based MRI Contrast Agent in the Patient with Alzheimer’s Disease |
| Chang-Woo Ryu1, Xiao-Yi Guo2, HyeokJung Kwon2, Soonchan Park1, Hak Young Rhee3, A-Rang Cho4, and Geon-Ho Jahng1 | ||
1Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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To assess the cerebral microvascular alteration in the demented patients relative to a non-demented population using in vivo microvascular index maps by using Gd-based contrast agent at a 3T MRI system, we included 11 non-demented participants and 11 AD patients. Compared with the non-demented group, BVf and MvWI were significantly increased in the demented group. Both mVD and VSI were only significantly decreased in the demented group at the white matter hyperintensity (WMHI) area. BVf and MvWI were significantly positively correlated with age and VSI was significantly positively correlated with MMSE. |
| 782 | Computer 7
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Identification of Subcortical White Matter Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Patients according to AVLT performance using Random Forest |
| Cristian Montalba1,2,3, Pamela Franco1,3,4, Tomás Labbé5, Marcelo Andia1,2, Miguel Guevara6, Jean-François Mangin7, Juan Pablo Cruz2, Ethel Ciampi8,9, Claudia Cárcamo5,8, Pamela Guevara6, and Sergio Uribe1,2,3 | ||
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 4Electrical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile, 7UNATI, Neurospin, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 8Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 9Neurology Service, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile |
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Radiological biomarkers of cognitive impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is still scarce. This study aimed to identify subcortical white matter biomarkers of cognitive impairment related to verbal episodic memory in MS patients and healthy controls, by using a random forest approach. |
| 783 | Computer 8
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Identification of ’black hole’ T1 hypointense lesions using different intensity thresholds on gradient-echo T1w MRI |
| Vanessa Wiggermann1, Mie Arnau Martinez1, Jasmin Merhout1, Jeppe Romme Christensen2, Morten Blinkenberg2, Finn Sellebjerg2,3, Henrik Lundell1,4, and Hartwig Roman Siebner1,5 | ||
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark, 2Neurology, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark, 3Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark, 5Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Black holes (BHs), T1 hypointense lesions, are known predictors of multiple sclerosis disease severity, however, their identification is strongly intensity dependent. As traditional spin-echo T1 scans are being replaced by 3D gradient-echo images, we need to understand how hypointense lesions on these images compare. We assessed whether an intensity threshold for MPRAGE images exists that would allow to match spin-echo black hole definitions. Simple thresholding was only able to reproduce black hole segmentations to an intermediate degree. |
| 784 | Computer 9
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Improving the accuracy of multiple sclerosis classification via robust feature selection based on quantitative tractography |
| Maria Petracca1,2, Alberto Azzari3, Antonella Mensi3, Nicole Graziano2, Alessandro Daducci3, Manuele Bicego3, Matilde Inglese2,4,5,6, and Simona Schiavi3,4 | ||
1Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 2Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 4Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 5Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 6IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy |
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Improving image-based classification accuracy in multiple sclerosis while characterizing biological relevant features remains an open challenge. To this aim we applied a robust feature selection (FS) procedure based on a leave-one-out cross-validation scheme on structural connectivity features derived from connectomes computed with convex optimization modelling for microstructure informed tractography. We computed classification accuracy for different classifiers (NN, KNN, SVM-LIN, SVM-RBF, RF) before and after the application of the FS procedure. The highest overall accuracy (91%) was obtained using the FS procedure on the whole connectome. The biological meaningfulness of the selected features is supported by their correlations with clinical scores. |
| 785 | Computer 10
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Multiple sclerosis related fatigue: Altered resting-state functional connectivity of the Default Mode Network. |
| Yujing Li1, Jun Wang1, Tingli Yang1, Pengfei Zhang1, Kai Ai2, Xiaoli He1, Haiying Zhao1, Yuan Ding1, Rui Wang1, Min Li1, Xinying Ren1, Diaohan Xiong1, and Jing Zhang1 | ||
1Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Xi’an, China |
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The objective of this study was to elucidate the no-motor component of fatigue mechanism in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients by studying the resting state functional connectivity (RS-FC) of default mode network (DMN). 12 with fatigue (F) and 10 without fatigue (nF) MS underwent resting sate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We selected 11 priori regions within the DMN as the regions of interests (ROIs) and ROI to ROI and ROI to global FC were calculated. Compared to nF-MS patients, F-MS patients showed abnormal increased functional connectivity in brain regions associated with cognitive function within the DMN. |
| 786 | Computer 11
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Clinical correlates of brain iron and myelin changes in Multiple Sclerosis: a multi-parameter quantitative MRI study |
| Giuseppe Pontillo1, Maria Petracca1, Serena Monti2, Mario Quarantelli2, Roberta Lanzillo1, Teresa Costabile3, Antonio Carotenuto1, Fabio Tortora1, Andrea Elefante1, Vincenzo Brescia Morra1, Arturo Brunetti1, Giuseppe Palma2, and Sirio Cocozza1 | ||
1University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy, 2Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Naples, Italy, 3Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy |
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In this cross-sectional study, voxel-based morphometry and voxel-based quantification analyses of longitudinal relaxation rate (R1) and quantitative susceptibility (QSM) maps, reflecting myelin and iron, respectively, were conducted on 117 patients with MS (pwMS) and 53 healthy controls. Between-group differences and correlations with clinical variables (global disability, cognitive and motor performance) were assessed. We found widespread atrophy and R1 decrease in pwMS, with smaller clusters of reduced susceptibility in the thalami and cerebral WM. While subcortical atrophy and WM iron depletion contributed to global and motor disability, deep GM atrophy and R1 decrease in lesional areas correlated with cognitive performance. |
| 787 | Computer 12
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Magnetisation transfer saturation and MTR in multiple sclerosis: sensitivity to longitudinal change and clinical disability |
| Elizabeth York1, Rozanna Meijboom1, Michael J. Thrippleton1, Agniete Kampaite1, Maria Valdes Hernandez1, Peter Connick2, Siddharthan Chandran1,2, David P.J. Hunt1, and Adam D. Waldman1 | ||
1Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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Myelin-sensitive magnetisation transfer saturation (MTsat) corrects magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR) signal variance, accounting for T1 recovery and B1 inhomogeneities, but its validity as a longitudinal imaging marker in multiple sclerosis (MS) is not yet clear. Here, we examine longitudinal change in cerebral MTsat and MTR in a cohort of people with newly diagnosed MS (n=62). MTsat, but not MTR, decreased in normal-appearing white matter over one year and was associated with clinical disability progression. In white matter lesions, both MTsat and MTR increased longitudinally. We conclude that MTsat is more sensitive to subtle myelin damage over time than MTR. |
| 788 | Computer 13
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MTsat is more sensitive to cerebellar myelin abnormality in multiple sclerosis compared to MTR |
| Lisa Eunyoung Lee1,2, Irene Vavasour3, Enedino Hernandez-Torres4, Anthony Traboulsee5, Roger Tam3,5,6, Shannon Kolind3,5,7, Tom Schweizer2,8, and Jiwon Oh1,2 | ||
1Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 8Medicine (Neurosurgery), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat) is suggested to be superior to conventional MT ratio (MTR) in quantifying myelin as it reduces bias from T1 effect and B1 inhomogeneity and is more sensitive to tissue damage. This study aimed to compare the ability of MTsat and MTR to detect cerebellar myelin differences across multiple sclerosis (MS) subtypes and to evaluate whether MTsat or MTR demonstrates stronger correlations with clinical disability. We found that MTsat demonstrated greater group differences and more strongly correlated with clinical disability in cerebellum than MTR suggesting that MTsat may be more sensitive to cerebellar myelin abnormalities than MTR. |
| 789 | Computer 14
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Comparing the SPIJN algorithm for myelin water fraction mapping with conventional NNLS evaluation in healthy and multiple sclerosis brains |
| Ronja C. Berg1, Thomas Amthor2, Irene Vavasour3, Mariya Doneva2, and Christine Preibisch1 | ||
1Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Philips Research Europe, Hamburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Myelin water fraction (MWF) mapping provides information on myelin concentration, which can be affected by neurological diseases. Most commonly, a non-negative least squares (NNLS) algorithm is used to obtain MWF. A faster alternative is the Sparsity Promoting Iterative Joint NNLS (SPIJN) algorithm. Here, we compared both methods in several brain regions from healthy participants and normal-appearing and lesion tissue from MS patients (EDSS 0-1.5). We found that NNLS-based lesion-average MWF was rather comparable to white matter while SPIJN-based MWF was lower. Thus, SPIJN could be more sensitive to demyelination in lesions but comparisons to gold standard techniques are clearly needed. |
| 790 | Computer 15
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Multimodal MRI Investigation of Basal Forebrain Damage in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| Qian Chen1, Jilei Zhang2, and Bing Zhang1,3 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China |
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Cholinergic degeneration in the basal forebrain (BF) plays a crucial role in Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, reduced BF volumes and damaged BF-associated tracts were observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to those with normal aging. Correlation and mediation analyses highlighted that volume reductions in the BF mainly accounted for deficits in global cognition, memory, and visuospatial ability, while disruption in BF-cortical tracts mainly contributed to executive and processing speed dysfunction. Collectively, this study may provide a better understanding of BF damage underlying cognitive impairment and provide guidance for intervention targets in MCI patients. |
| 881 | Computer 1
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MR-derived g-ratio is sensitive to longitudinal change and associated with disability progression in early multiple sclerosis |
| Elizabeth York1, Rozanna Meijboom1, Mark Bastin1, Agniete Kampaite1, Maria Valdes Hernandez1, Michael J. Thrippleton1, Peter Connick2, Siddharthan Chandran1,2, David P.J. Hunt1, and Adam D. Waldman1 | ||
1Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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There is a pressing need for longitudinal in vivo biomarkers sensitive to heterogeneous pathology in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). The MR-g-ratio may be derived from myelin-sensitive magnetisation transfer saturation (MTsat) and multishell diffusion-weighted MRI but its relevance as a longitudinal biomarker and correlate of disability progression in RRMS is previously unexplored. Fifty-nine patients with recently diagnosed RRMS contributed g-ratio data at baseline and one year. G-ratio showed a significant decrease in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) but not T2 FLAIR white matter lesions over one year. Both g-ratio in NAWM and lesions were, however, associated with clinical disability progression. |
| 882 | Computer 2
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Network analysis of multiple sclerosis using pair-wise matched controls and cohesive parcellation of rsfMRI |
| Ajay Nemani1, Katherine Koenig2, Xuemei Huang1, and Mark J Lowe2 | ||
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by degenerative changes in white matter, resulting in motor and cognitive deficits. The corresponding damage to functional brain networks is not well understood. We studied several graph theoretic network features of multiple sclerosis patients imaged with rsfMRI. Using a data-driven parcellation designed for optimal node-based representation as well as sex and age-matched controls, we find no significant differences. This result was robust to individual and group parcellations, as well as paired and group comparisons. This differs from previous studies based on standard parcellations and pooled group comparisons. Methodologic reasons for the different observations are discussed. |
| 883 | Computer 3
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Correlations of inflammation metrics from multi echo T2 relaxation and multi-shell diffusion imaging in multiple sclerosis |
| Tigris S. Joseph1,2, Hanwen Liu2,3,4, Shannon H. Kolind1,2,4,5, Guojun Zhao4, Peng Sun6, Robert Carruthers4, Alice Schabas4, Ana-Luiza Sayao4, Virginia Devonshire4, Roger Tam5,7, G. R. Wayne Moore2,4,8, David K. B. Li4,5, Sheng-Kwei Song9, Anthony Traboulsee4, Irene M. Vavasour2,5, and Cornelia Laule1,2,5,8 | ||
1Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Montreal Neurological Institute - Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 7School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 8Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 9Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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Inflammation is a key component in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology. Quantitative MRI metrics reflecting inflammation are important for understanding disease processes in vivo. Metrics from multi-echo T2 relaxation, Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI) and Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) were compared in participants with MS and healthy controls. NODDI neurite density index and DBSI restricted fraction were correlated and may be sensitive to similar pathology. GMT2 correlated negatively with cellularity, but positively with oedema, suggesting oedema may be a key mechanism driving GMT2 increases. Our findings support a complementary T2 and diffusion approach to probe inflammation in MS. |
| 884 | Computer 4
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QSMRim-Net: Fusing Radiomic and Convolutional Features for Identification of Chronic Active MS Lesions on Quantitative Susceptibility Maps |
| Hang Zhang1, Jinwei Zhang2, Melanie Marcille3, Pascal Spincemaille4, Thanh D. Nguyen3, Susan A. Gauthier3, Yi Wang3, and Elizabeth M. Sweeney5 | ||
1Electrical & Computer Engineering, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 4Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Population Health Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States |
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Chronic active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are characterized on Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) by a paramagnetic rim (rim+) at the edge of the lesion. We present QSMRim-Net, a deep neural network that fuses lesion-level radiomic and convolutional image features together for automated identification of rim+ lesions on MRI. On the lesion-level, using five-fold cross validation, the proposed QSMRim-Net detected rim+ lesions with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.965 and an area under the precision recall curve of 0.655. QSMRim-Net out-performed other state-of-the-art methods on both metrics. |
| 885 | Computer 5
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Effect of limited segmentation performance on regional qMRI parameter estimations using FSL FIRST in anatomical regions with poor T1 contrast |
| Fahad Salman1, Niels Bergsland1,2, Michael Dwyer1,3, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman4, Robert Zivadinov1,3, and Ferdinand Schweser1,3 | ||
1Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2IRCCS, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan, Italy, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Jacobs Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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Most T1w imaging sequences produce only weak deep gray matter (DGM) contrast compared to iron-sensitive techniques such as QSM. In particular, using multi-modal information in both template generation and brain normalization steps has the potential to result in improved segmentation performance. In this study, we compared FIRST to a custom multi-contrast T1w-QSM atlas segmentation approach for estimating thalamic volumes and susceptibility. Our study suggested that an advanced atlas-based approach may result in better regional segmentations of regions with weak T1w contrast and result in more accurate parameter estimates. |
| 886 | Computer 6
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Brain tissue segmentation on 3D-FLAIR weighted images in multiple sclerosis |
| Samantha Noteboom1, Martijn D. Steenwijk1, David R. van der Nederpelt2, Eva M.M. Strijbis3, Bastiaan Moraal2, Frederik Barkhof2,4, Jeroen J.G. Geurts1, Matthan W. A. Caan5, Hugo Vrenken2, and Menno M Schoonheim1 | ||
1Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 4Neurology and Healthcare Engineering, UCL London, Amsterdam, United Kingdom, 5Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Conventional brain segmentation approaches typically require high resolution 3D-T1 weighted images, which are often unavailable in clinical multiple sclerosis (MS) protocols. Recently, SynthSeg was released which allows 3D-FLAIR to be used for segmentations. This study compared segmentation on 3D-FLAIR with SynthSeg to segmentation in the same patients on 3D-T1 (SynthSeg, FastSurfer and SAMSEG). Brain segmentation was performed on 100 patients with 3D-T1 and 3D-FLAIR images from research and clinical datasets. ICC results showed good comparability for brain tissue, ventricle and grey matter assessments in research data. In clinical data only good comparability was found for ventricle segmentation. |
| 887 | Computer 7
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Quantitative MRI measures of thalamic microstructural integrity in patients with multiple sclerosis |
| Alessandro Cagol1, Reza Rahmanzadeh1, Muhamed Barakovic1, Po-Jui Lu1, Matthias Weigel2, Lester Melie-Garcia1, Antoine Lutti3, Than D. Nguyen4, Yi Wang4, Jens Kuhle5, Ludwig Kappos1, and Cristina Granziera1 | ||
1Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland, 2Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland, 3Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA, New York, NY, United States, 5Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, Basel, Switzerland |
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Thalamus represents a pivotal structure to study MS-associated neurodegeneration. In this study we investigated the alterations in thalamic microstructure of MS patients by using magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat), T1-relaxometry, and myelin water fraction (MWF). Compared to healthy controls (HCs), MS patients presented significant modifications in the thalamic quantitative MRI metrics, suggesting ongoing microstructural and myelin loss. The thalamic quantitative MRI metrics explored showed variable degrees of association with MS lesion burden, brain atrophic changes, as well as with clinical and cognitive disability. |
| 888 | Computer 8
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Gray Matter Correlates of Patient-Reported Indices of Disability in Multiple Sclerosis |
| Wafaa Sweidan1, Jenny Chen1, Benjamin Ades-Aron1, Tamar Bacon2, Matthew Lee1, Santiago Coelho1, Dmitry S Novikov1, Timothy Shepherd1, Ilya Kister2, and Els Fieremans1 | ||
1Radiology, NYU, New York, NY, United States, 2Neurology, NYU, New York, NY, United States |
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In a cohort of 172 MS subjects, we identified thalamic atrophy as a significant gray matter correlate of patient-reported indices of motor disability. |
| 889 | Computer 9
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Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting enables measuring T1-shortening in multiple sclerosis lesions after contrast media administration |
| Graziella Donatelli1,2, Paolo Cecchi1,2, Gianmichele Migaleddu1, Matteo Cencini3, Claudio D'Amelio4, Guido Buonincontri3, Luca Peretti2,3,4, Livia Pasquali4, Michela Tosetti2,3, Mirco Cosottini4, and Mauro Costagli3,5 | ||
1Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy, 2IMAGO 7 Research Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 3IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy, 4University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 5Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophtalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy |
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Quantitative maps of T1-shortening (ΔT1) related to intra-venous contrast media administration are obtained in patients with Multiple Sclerosis by using 3D Quantitative Transient-state Imaging. Statistically significant ΔT1 is observed not only in enhancing lesions, but also in some non-enhancing lesions, suggesting a potential role of this method as a quantitative imaging biomarker to detect subtle blood-brain barrier damage. |
| 890 | Computer 10
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Comparing myelin-sensitive markers MWF, ihMTR, and MTsat in healthy and normal-appearing brain tissue and multiple sclerosis lesions |
| Ronja C. Berg1, Viola Pongratz2, Markus Lauerer2, Thomas Amthor3, Guillaume Gilbert4, Aurore Menegaux1, Claus Zimmer1, Christian Sorg1, Mariya Doneva3, Irene Vavasour5, Mark Mühlau2, and Christine Preibisch1 | ||
1Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Philips Research Europe, Hamburg, Germany, 4MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 5Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Measurement of myelin concentration could provide valuable information on the integrity of brain tissue. Several myelin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging methods have been developed. Here, we compared myelin water fraction (MWF), inhomogeneous magnetization transfer ratio (ihMTR) and magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat) in healthy volunteers and patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We found highest correlation between MWF and ihMTR but all three measures showed clearly reduced values in MS lesions compared to healthy or normal-appearing white matter. However, the measures varied in differentiating between various WM regions and between peri-lesional tissue and more distant normal-appearing WM. |
| 891 | Computer 11
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Multi-Component T2 Characterization of Lesions in Pediatric Onset Multiple Sclerosis |
| Serge Didenko Vasylechko1,2, Fedel Machado-Rivas1,2, Camilo Jaimes1,2, Mark P. Gorman2,3, Leslie Benson2,3, Simon K. Warfield1,2, Sila Kurugol1,2, and Onur Afacan1,2 | ||
1Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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This study evaluated myelin water fraction (MWF) estimates in chronic MS lesions against contralateral normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of pediatric onset MS patients (POMS). Accelerated 2D multi-slice CPMG acquisitions provided near full brain coverage. Two methods were used to estimate the myelin fractions, as well as intra-/extra- axonal (IE) associated water and CSF water. Significant differences were found between the group measures. Further comparison of NAWM in POMS showed significant differences with whole-white matter in a control group. Our results support that a multi-component T2 analysis can provide quantitative insights into lesional and non-lesional disease burden in POMS. |
| 892 | Computer 12
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Differences in myelin measures between slowly evolving and non-slowly evolving lesions |
| Irene Margaret Vavasour1, Colm Elliott2, Doug Arnold2,3, Laura Gaetano4, David Clayton5, Stefano Magon4, Ulrike Bonati4, Wei Wei4, Anthony Traboulsee1, and Shannon Kolind1 | ||
1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2NeuroRX Research, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland, 5Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) slowly evolving lesions (SELs) are defined on MRI as contiguous regions of pre-existing lesions with constant and concentric local expansion on conventional T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. Myelin-related changes using myelin water fraction (MWF) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) in SELs and non-SELs were measured over 192 weeks in patients with relapsing MS. SELs showed reduced myelin measures at baseline compared to non-SELs. Furthermore, over the 4 years, only SELs, and not non-SELs, showed a significant mean decrease in MWF and increase in T1. Both results are indicative of progressive demyelination in this subgroup of chronic lesions. |
| 893 | Computer 13
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Spinal Cord Lesions and Brain Grey Matter Atrophy Predict 5-Year Disease Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis: A Multicentre Study |
| Paola Valsasina1, Maria A. Rocca1,2,3, Alessandro Meani1, Loredana Storelli1, Claudio Gobbi4,5, Chiara Zecca4,5, Frederik Barkhof6,7, Menno M Schoonheim8, Eva Strijbis7, Hugo Vrenken6,7, Antonio Gallo9, Alvino Bisecco9, Olga Ciccarelli10, Marios Yiannakas10, Alex Rovira11, Jaume Sastre-Garriga12, Jacqueline Palace13, Lucy Matthews13, Achim Gass14, Philipp Eisele14, Carsten Lukas15, Barbara Bellenberg15, Monica Margoni1, Paolo Preziosa1,2, and Massimo Filippi1,2,3,16,17 | ||
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 2Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 3Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 4Neurology Clinic, MS Center/ Headache Center, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland, 5Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland, 6Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location Vumc, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 7Department of Neurology, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location Vumc, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 8Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location Vumc, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 9Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, and 3T MRI-Center, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy, 10NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 11Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, 12Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, 13Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 14Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, 15Institute of Neuroradiology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 16Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 17Neurophysiology Service, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy |
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Aim of this study was to evaluate the independent role of brain and cervical cord damage in predicting 5-year clinical disability worsening in a multicentre cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. Results showed that cortical atrophy and spinal cord damage, together with baseline disability and progressive disease phenotype, independently predicted 5-year disability worsening (C-index=0.81). Older age, higher clinical disability and cord lesion number independently predicted conversion to a progressive disease phenotype (C-index=0.91). Focal spinal cord lesions and cortical atrophy had also a role in predicting clinically-relevant disability milestones at 5 years. |
| 894 | Computer 14
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging Helps to Differentiate Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis-Related Optic Neuritis |
| Yan Xie1, Yan Zhang1, Weiyin Vivian Liu2, and Wenzhen Zhu1 | ||
1Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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The purpose of this study was to assess the differences in the patterns of NMOSD and MS-related optic nerve damage by DTI. In this study, the intraorbital optic nerve was divided anatomically in three equal parts. We found that NMOSD-related optic neuritis exhibited extensive optic nerve damage, particularly in the posterior segment of the optic nerve, whereas MS-related optic neuritis tended to be more anterior-middle optic nerve damage. In addition, the combination of FA with conventional MRI showed better differential diagnostic efficacy for NMOSD and MS-related optic neuritis. |
| 994 | Computer 1
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Simultaneous FDG-PET and MRI-based connectivity analysis for the detection of epileptogenic zones in non-lesional epilepsy patients |
| Clara Lisazo1,2, Natalia Noemí Massaccesi Bove1,2, Daniela Zanchi3, María Paula Del Pópolo1,2, Daniel Fino1,2,4, Federico Julián González Nicolini1,4,5, Sergio Mosconi3, Pedro Pablo Ariza1,2, Trinidad Gonzalez Padín1,2, Raúl Otoya6, Roberto Isoardi3,5, Thomas Martin Doring7, and Sebastián Moguilner5,8 | ||
1MRI Department, Fundación Escuela de Medicina Nuclear, Mendoza, Argentina, 2MRI Department, Fundación Argentina para el Desarrollo en Salud, Mendoza, Argentina, 3Nuclear Medicine Department, Fundación Escuela de Medicina Nuclear, Mendoza, Argentina, 4Instituto Balseiro, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, 5GQNYCS, Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, 6Neuromed, Mendoza, Argentina, 7GE Healthcare, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 8Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Detecting epileptogenic zones (EZ) in subjects with non-lesional epilepsy can represent a challenge, and it involves the analysis of data from various diagnostic procedures. In this study, seed-based structural and functional connectivity matrices were obtained from DWI and resting-state fMRI for each patient and compared with a control group. Then, we assessed whether significantly different regions (p<0.001) coincided with foci of abnormal metabolism on PET images, and if these ROIs corresponded with the subject’s EZ. This reduced the false positive rate and improved specificity of the connectivity analysis, optimizing EZ localization in patients with non-lesional epilepsy. |
| 995 | Computer 2
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Comparing sliding window correlation and instantaneous phase coherence in fMRI dynamic functional connectivity analysis |
| Cláudia Fonseca1, Inês Esteves1, Marta Xavier1, Ana Fouto1, Amparo Ruiz-Tagle1, Nuno A. Silva2, Rita G. Nunes1, Raquel Gil-Gouveia3, Joana Cabral4, and Patrícia Figueiredo1 | ||
1Institute for Systems and Robotics, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Learning Health, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal, 3Neurology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal, 4Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal |
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Sliding window Pearson correlation (SW) is the most commonly used approach for estimating dynamic functional connectivity (dFC). However, instantaneous phase coherence (PC) has gained popularity as it yields frame-by-frame dFC estimates. This work aimed to compare both metrics by analysing the mean lifetime, probability of occurrence and spatial similarity of dFC states with the canonical resting-state networks (RSNs). We found that the state lifetimes increase in SW compared to PC and with window length, worsening the detection of RSNs for smaller datasets. These findings indicate that the temporal blurring induced by SW compromises the ability to detect faster network dynamics. |
| 996 | Computer 3
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Characterizing spectral and temporal effects of heart rate variability on resting-state BOLD signals using wavelet transform coherence |
| Quimby Lee1, Jingyuan E. Chen2,3, Gregory Wheeler4, and Audrey P. Fan1,4 | ||
1Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States |
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Heart rate variability (HRV), which is reflective of autonomic regulation, induces vascular effects in low (0.05-0.15Hz) and high (0.15-0.4Hz) frequency bands that can influence the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI). In this study, we utilized a wavelet transform coherence analysis to identify spectral and temporal differences in phased-locked behavior between HRV and resting-state network (RSN) time courses. Subjects differed in the frequency band with greatest time-averaged coherence and percentage of time with significant coherence of HRV and RSN signals. |
| 997 | Computer 4
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Predictive modelling and center effects: towards a robust functional connectivity-based neuromarker of pain sensitivity |
| Tamas Spisak1, Balint Kincses2,3, Raviteja Kotikalapudi1, Matthias Zunhammer2, Frederik Schlitt2, Tobias Schmidt-Wilcke4,5, Zsigmond Tamas Kincses3, and Ulrike Bingel2 | ||
1Laboratory of Predictive Neuroimaging, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 2Klinik für Neurologie, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 3Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary, 4Institut für Klinische Neurowissenschaften und Medizinische Psychologie, Heinrich Heine Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany, 5Neurozentrum, Bezirksklinikum Mainkofen, Deggendorf, Germany |
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Center effects significantly limit the generalizability of brain imaging-based biomarker candidates. Although our previously published resting state functional connectivity-based predictive signature for pain sensitivity (the RPN-signature) showed remarkable out-of-center generalizability, it remained unclear which connectivity features are the most generalizable across study centers. Here, we re-trained the RPN-signature on multi-center data and found that it outperforms the single-center model in all three centers (explained variance: 26-38% vs. 16%-19%). Our results highlight that neurobiological interpretation of feature importance in predictive modelling is constrained both by center-specific artifacts and by certain characteristics (e.g. regularization) of the applied machine learning algorithm. |
| 998 | Computer 5
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A novel method for characterizing dynamic resting state functional connectivity in Alzheimer's Disease |
| Kun Yue1, Jason M Webster2, Thomas J Grabowski2, Ali Shojaei1, and Hesamoddin Jahanian2 | ||
1Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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With advances in experimental therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) the need for an accurate, non-invasive and widely available AD biomarker is more pressing than ever. Resting-state functional connectivity in default mode network is a candidate biomarker that is gaining traction in the field. However, the traditional stationary measurement of the default mode network connectivity cannot capture complicated dynamic patterns of functional connectivity that exist in the brain. Here, we have proposed a novel, reliable technique, based on Dynamic Condtional Correlation model, to quantify the dynamic functional connectivity in the brain and evaluated its sensitivity to cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in AD. |
| 999 | Computer 6
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Temporal resolution impacts in-vivo human brain dynamic functional MRI connectivity |
| Francesca Saviola1, Stefano Tambalo1, Dimitri Van De Ville2,3, and Jorge Jovicich1 | ||
1University of Trento, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, Rovereto, Italy, 2Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland |
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The advent of fast fMRI acquisition techniques has enabled whole-brain acquisitions with sub-second temporal resolution enriching the information available throughout the time course. However, there is no consensus about how the application of frame-wise analysis, performed to better understand functional brain fluctuations, could benefit from high temporal resolution fMRI. In this work, we demonstrate the potential need to: (i) gain a finer understanding of signal and noise signatures peculiar to fast acquisition and (ii) extend the models to better estimate dynamic functional connectivity in rapidly sampled fMRI time series. |
| 1000 | Computer 7
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First evidence of a link between topology and neurophysiological properties of brain sub-networks. |
| Anita Monteverdi1,2, Fulvia Palesi2, Claudia AM Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,2,3, and Egidio D'Angelo1,2 | ||
1Brain Connectivity Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 2Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 3NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom |
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A comprehensive assessment of multiple resting-state networks is still lacking and the characterization of their excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance is an open field of research. In this exploratory work we performed a first characterization of the E/I balance in resting-state networks (visual, somatomotor, attention, limbic, frontoparietal, DMN) both in healthy and neurodegenerative conditions (Alzheimer’s Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) taking advantage of a Virtual Brain based approach. Our results provided a new strategy to simultaneously characterize multiple networks at single-subject level, deepening their E/I balance and opening new perspectives for biomarkers research. |
| 1001 | Computer 8
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Analysis of resting state functional connectivity of white matter tracts in spinal cord of squirrel monkey using Graph Theory |
| Anirban Sengupta1, Arabinda Mishra1, Feng Wang1, Li Min Chen1, and John C Gore1 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States |
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The goal of this study was to investigate the nature of spontaneous BOLD fluctuations in white-matter (WM) of spinal-cord and to use these to identify the intrinsic functional architecture of WM tracts and their correlations with the gray-matter (GM) hubs. Connectivity measures were obtained using resting state BOLD signals between WM-WM and WM-GM regions, followed by network analysis using graph-theory. We found WM and GM hubs on the dorsal side exhibit greater temporal correlation as exhibited by their stronger node strength in resting state. Also, within segment WM-WM and WM-GM correlations were found to be stronger than those between segments. |
| 1096 | Computer 1
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Why is 7T fMRI in the entorhinal cortex so difficult and what can we do about it? |
| Nadine N Graedel1, Oliver Warrington1, Barbara Dymerska1, Vahid Malekian1, Oliver Josephs1, Peter Kok1, and Martina F Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Functional MRI in the entorhinal cortex is very challenging due to large and geometrically complex B0 field inhomogeneity. As a result, a quarter of voxels are lost due to T2*-driven dephasing and/or because the echo is pushed outside of the acquisition window. Additionally, off-resonant voxels suffer from poor excitation efficiency with frequency-selective binomial pulse excitation, which are preferred for fat suppression for SAR and time efficiency. We empirically demonstrate substantial signal, and consequently tSNR, gains in off-resonance regions by reducing binomial pulse order (from 1-3-3-1 to 1-2-1 or 1-1) that match numerical predictions. |
| 1097 | Computer 2
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SpinalCompCor: PCA-based denoising for spinal cord fMRI |
| Kimberly J. Hemmerling1,2, Mark A. Hoggarth2, Todd Parrish3, Robert L. Barry4,5,6, and Molly G. Bright1,2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 6Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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SpinalCompCor is a denoising technique in which principal component (PC) analysis is performed in a region outside of the spinal cord to define nuisance regressors. Temporal SNR was greater when PC regressors were included in the general linear model, compared to when they were regressed out of the data prior to motion correction. In comparing models that vary the number of PC regressors, models with multiple PCs generally performed better than those with single PCs. SpinalCompCor is a promising technique for spinal cord fMRI denoising. |
| 1098 | Computer 3
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Non-Local Means Denoising of 7T Functional MR Images: Enhancing Spatial Accuracy of Fine-Grained Task-Specific Neurosignatures? |
| Igor Fabian Tellez Ceja1, Thomas Gladytz1, Ludger Benedikt Starke1, Karsten Tabelow2, Thoralf Niendorf1,3, and Henning Matthias Reimann1 | ||
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics, Berlin, Germany, 3Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany |
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Superior spatial fidelity of fMRI at ultrahigh magnetic field strengths (≥7T) in principle allows for resolving fine grained task-specific fMRI neurosignatures. Yet, spatial details of BOLD clusters are conventionally blurred by Gaussian smoothing. To preserve spatial details, spatial-adaptive non-local means (SANLM) denoising has been introduced in fMRI as an alternative to Gaussian smoothing. Here, we evaluate SANLM denoising at 7T. SANLM removes noise in homogeneous areas while maintaining edges. It prevents the spread of BOLD patterns between adjacent brain regions, but should be employed with caution, as its spatial detail is partially driven by the underlying anatomy. |
| 1099 | Computer 4
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Field-Mapping-Embedded EPI for Geometric Distortion Correction |
| Didi Chi1, Yasmin Blunck1,2, Rebecca Glarin2, Catherine E. Davey1,2, Daniel Staeb3, and Leigh A. Johnston1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 2Melbourne Brain Centre Imaging Unit, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 3MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia |
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A Field-Mapping-Embedded (FME) EPI sequence is proposed in which the map is acquired during EPI acquisition without increasing scan time, using phase-encoded phase correction navigators. Results from in vivo experiment demonstrate accurate measurement and robust geometric distortion that performs favourably in comparison with existing techniques that require additional scans. |
| 1100 | Computer 5
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Optimal Singular-Value Shrinkage for fMRI Denoising |
| Mo Shahdloo1 and Mark Chiew1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), FMRIB, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Singular-value truncation techniques have shown promise for reducing thermal noise in fMRI, where singular-values below a certain threshold are assumed to be noise and are discarded. However, this approach could lead to suboptimal signal recovery, since the remaining singular-values could still have variance contributed by noise. Here instead we propose to use a theoretically MSE-optimal function to shrink the remaining singular-values. The proposed method is evaluated using simulations and high-resolution in-vivo human brain data, and is shown to improve signal-to-noise ratio and functional statistics while leaving the spatial precision intact. |
| 1101 | Computer 6
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T-Hex spirals for whole-brain fMRI at 5 frames per second: Image quality and BOLD sensitivity |
| Samuel Bianchi1, Maria Engel1, Jakob Heinzle2, Stefan Frässle2, Klaas E. Stephan2,3, and Klaas P. Pruessmann1 | ||
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich & University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Translational Neuromodeling Unit, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, 3Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany |
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fMRI is one of the driving technologies of neuroscience. During the past years, acquisition speeds below one second per whole-brain volume have been achieved. The recently proposed 3D T-Hex Spiral trajectories provide a powerful approach to enable even faster fMRI. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility of fMRI at a sampling rate of 5Hz with these trajectories at 7T. We acquired whole-brain images of one subject performing a visuo-motor task in the scanner. Our results indicate high BOLD sensitivity and fidelity of voxel timeseries. In total, we analyzed 9000 volumes obtained during 30min of scanning. |
| 1102 | Computer 7
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Accelerated 3D stack-of-spiral bSSFP for functional imaging at 9.4T: Pilot study |
| Praveen Iyyappan Valsala1, Philipp Ehses2, Marten Veldmann2, and Klaus Scheffler1,3 | ||
1Magnetic Resonance Center, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 3Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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We investigate the possibility of using longer multi-shot spiral readouts to accelerate balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) at ultra-high field (UHF) for functional imaging. The reconstruction is performed with the full signal model accounting for spatial B0 inhomogeneity and gradient imperfections. We present the activation maps from flickering checkerboard stimulus experiment and discuss challenges of spiral bSSFP at UHF. |
| 1103 | Computer 8
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Multi-Echo MR-Encephalography using Spherical Stack of Spirals Trajectories |
| Antonia Barghoorn1, Bruno Riemenschneider2, Wenchao Yang1, and Jürgen Hennig1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Department of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany |
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MREG allows very fast measurement of physiological signal changes at 100 ms acquisition time per volume. In order to investigate BOLD and non-BOLD contributions to the observed signal variations we have implemented an interleaved measurement scheme based on signal readout with two different echo times (15 and 36 ms). The interleaved implementation with alternating echo times increases the acquisition time to 200 ms, which still allows to investigate BOLD vs. non-BOLD signal changes at frequencies up to ±2.5 Hz. Preliminary measurements demonstrate the feasibility of ME-MREG in detecting both neuronal activations and resting-state functional connectivities. |
| 1104 | Computer 9
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VASO fMRI USING 2D-SMS SPIRAL READOUTS |
| Denizhan Kurban1, Renzo Huber1, Gilad Liberman2, Dimo Ivanov1, and Benedikt A Poser1 | ||
1Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Boston, MA, United States |
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High-resolution blood volume-sensitive fMRI VASO can capture functional signal changes with high localization specivity compared to conventional BOLD sequences. However, it suffers from reduced sampling efficiencies and lower detection sensitivity. Here, we overcome these limitations by combining VASO contrasts with the high efficiency of multi-echo enabled spiral k-space sampling and CAIPI-optimized SMS acceleration. We find that spiral sampling enables faster VASO acquisitions than possible with Cartesian EPI sampling. For high spatial resolutions (1.25mm), we confirm that the proposed method is insensitive to large draining veins while having more stable fMRI signals (higher tSNR). |
| 1105 | Computer 10
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Simultaneous acquisition of GRE- and SE-type resting-state fMRI signals with GRASE-based line-scanning in the human brain |
| Sangcheon Choi1,2, Xin Yu3, Klaus Scheffler1,4, and Kai Herz1,4 | ||
1High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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GRE- or SE-based line-scanning fMRI methods can characterize dynamic fMRI signals with high spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we present a combination of both using a 1D GRASE sequence with perpendicular excitation and refocusing slices. We applied the sequence in-vivo at 3T and analyzed slice pofiles and tSNR. |
| 1106 | Computer 11
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Improved high-resolution fMRI image quality with simultaneous multislice VFA-FLEET using a novel multi-kernel slice-GRAPPA algorithm |
| Avery JL Berman1,2, Kawin Setsompop3,4, Thomas Witzel5, William A Grissom6,7, and Jonathan R Polimeni1,2,8 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 4Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 5Q Bio, Inc., San Carlos, CA, United States, 6Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 8Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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We propose a novel slice-GRAPPA reconstruction algorithm, termed multi-kernel slice-GRAPPA (mks-GRAPPA), to tackle the challenge of reconstructing high spatial resolution segmented multi-shot EPI data for fMRI. This is particularly relevant for the recently proposed Variable-Flip-Angle “FLEET” pulse sequence. For a segmentation factor, S, by training 2×S slice-GRAPPA kernels, rather than one, we demonstrate significant improvements in image quality metrics under a wide range of protocols. The multitude of kernels account for static signal discontinuities within and across segments in multi-shot EPI. In the SNR starved regime of high-res fMRI, mks-GRAPPA allows us to recover a significant portion of lost tSNR. |
| 1205 | Computer 1
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Cerebrospinal fluid-tissue exchange revealed by phase alternate labeling with null recovery MRI |
| Anna M Li1 and Jiadi Xu1,2 | ||
1F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Our understanding of the CSF exchange with surrounding tissues and its correlation with brain function is limited. We presented the first non-invasive MRI methods to quantify this process with two novel T1 and ADC Phase Alternate LAbeling with Null recovery (PALAN) schemes. The CSF signal was nulled, while the partial recovery of other tissues was labeled by alternating the phase of the pulse by using the significantly different T1 and ADC values between CSF and the other tissues. Rapid and major CSF water exchange occurs on the surface of the ventricles. |
| 1206 | Computer 2
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Caffeine acutely reduces aqueductal CSF flow in humans |
| Tekla Maria Kylkilahti1,2, Max Wictor1,2, Johannes Töger3, Karin Markenroth Bloch 4,5, and Iben Lundgaard1,2 | ||
11Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 2Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 3Department of Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 4Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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In this ultra-high field 7T MRI study, we find that caffeine acutely reduces CSF net flow in humans. Interestingly, regular caffeine consumption seems to be protective against this reduction. We used non-invasive 2D PC 7T MRI in healthy volunteers to measure CSF flow in the cerebral aqueduct. Ventricular CSF flow is upstream of the glymphatic system and may thus reflect or affect the function of CSF-mediated clearance pathways that have been suggested to be important for waste product removal in the brain. Better understanding of CSF dynamics may help us find new targets for treating proteinopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease. |
| 1207 | Computer 3
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Assessment of Choroid Plexus Perfusion and the Blood-CSF Barrier with Multi Post Label Delay Arterial Spin Labeling MRI and Vasodilation |
| Yufei David Zhu1, Moss Zhao2, Bin Shen2, Greg Zaharchuk2, and Audrey Peiwen Fan1,3 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 3Neurology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States |
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The choroid plexus contributes to the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), maintains electrolyte and metabolic balance, and plays important immunological roles. Here, we sought to determine whether multi-post label delay (PLD) arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI could robustly measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the choroid plexus and its response to a vasodilatory challenge. We saw choroid plexus perfusion increase by 30 ml/100g/min (p=0.0003) with acetazolamide. We also calculated the ratio of the choroid plexus to anterior ventricle ASL signal (rCV) as a clinically useful biomarker of blood-CSF passage and observed an average increase of 0.529 in rCV post vasodilation. |
| 1208 | Computer 4
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Simultaneous measurement of dynamic CBF and CSF signal changes with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling |
| Jae-Geun Im1, Jun-Hee Kim1, and Sung-Hong Park1 | ||
1Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of |
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To measure CBF and CSF signals simultaneously, we proposed a new 2D EPI-based pCASL with overlapping portion of the labeling plane and imaging region. Our results showed that signal difference between label and control scans in the overlapping portion were higher in CSF than in other tissues. In addition, the pCASL-based CSF signals were negatively correlated with CBF, which was more significant than correlations of CBF with other tissues or baseline raw CSF signals. Based on the results, pCASL can be used for simultaneous measurement of dynamic CBF and CSF signal changes with our technique, which warrants further investigation. |
| 1209 | Computer 5
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Using diffusion kurtosis imaging to measure glymphatic system related changes during human sleep |
| Balázs Örzsik1, Mara Cercignani2, and Neil Harrison2 | ||
1BSMS, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom, 2Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Glymphatic clearance has been associated with an increase in interstitial volume fraction during sleep. Higher order diffusion weighted MRI images were acquired of awake and sleeping participants to investigate glymphatic system related changes. Sleep was associated with a significant decrease in kurtosis measures. Clusters with significant decrease in radial kurtosis were located in default mode network areas, occipital cortex, thalamus, midbrain and temporal lobe. Decrease in kurtosis is in line with the glymphatic system hypothesis, as diffusion becomes more Gaussian when it is less restricted, which expected with the increase in interstitial space volume. |
| 1210 | Computer 6
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Detection of enhanced cerebrospinal fluid transport during dexmedetomidine anesthesia in the rat using diffusion, T2 and morphometric MRI |
| Elizabeth B Hutchinson1, Anakaren Romero-Lozano1, Jean-Pierre Galons1, Christine Howison1, Alexandru Avram2, Nathan Williamson2, Michal Komlosh2, and Peter J Basser2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2NICHD/NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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The enhancement of CSF transport in a robust experimental model was measurable using in-vivo quantitative MRI.TBM and voxelwise T2 mapping analysis were both able to changes in regions that are known to be associated with CSF transport based on contrast-enhancement studies. These two methods do not require contrast and if validated could provide a non-contrast outcome metric for health of the CSF transport system. Diffusion MRI outcomes suggest that it may be possible to sensitize the diffusion MRI paradigm to CSF transport and this is an area for future research. |
| 1211 | Computer 7
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In vivo CSF Flow During Central Sensitization Using Fourier Velocity Encoded MRI at 21.1 T |
| Dayna L. Richter1,2, Samuel W. Holder1,2, and Samuel C. Grant1,2 | ||
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow was evaluated temporally in a preclinical migraine model at 21.1 T. As elevated sodium levels are implicated in the progression of migraine, evaluating how sodium is transported in the ventricular system and brain should provide insight on bulk sodium accumulation around, among and within anatomical regions implicated in migraine. A series of Fourier Velocity Encoding MRI was acquired over 2 h post-nitroglycerin injection to evaluate CSF flow during the progression of central sensitization. |
| 1212 | Computer 8
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Sleep and waste clearance: The association of sleep quality with a 7T IVIM imaging derived proxy of interstitial fluid |
| Merel M. van der Thiel1,2, Gerhard S. Drenthen1,2, Paulien H.M. Voorter1,2, Thorsten Feiweier3, Inez H.G.B. Ramakers2,4, Walter H. Backes1,2,5, and Jacobus F.A. Jansen1,2,6 | ||
1Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, 4Department of Psychiatry & Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 5School for Cardiovascular Disease, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 6Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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Cerebral clearance is most active during sleep, therefore reduced sleep quality might induce impaired clearance function. Interstitial fluid (ISF) washes waste products from in-between cells through the parenchyma and its volume is found to be regulated by the sleep-wake cycle. Assessment of the ISF-fraction through IVIM can be a potential, non-invasive method to determine sleep-related variations in ISF, without contamination of parenchymal or microvascular diffusion. The current exploratory study investigates the potential of the IVIM-derived ISF-fraction to assess ISF-volume changes in relation to sleep by examining whether these changes are driven by actual hours of sleep or self-reported sleep quality. |
| 1213 | Computer 9
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Ovariectomized Female Rats Suffer Hippocampal Neuroinflammation and the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Easier than Male and Intact Female Rats following Prolonged Exposure of a Hypobaric and Hypoxic Environment at High Altitude |
| Dongyong Zhu1, Bo He1, Yixuan Wan1, Mengdi Zhang1, and Fabao Gao1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Ovariectomized Female Rats Suffer Hippocampal Neuroinflammation and the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Easier than Male and Intact Female Rats following Prolonged Exposure of a Hypobaric and Hypoxic Environment at High Altitude |
| 1214 | Computer 10
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Changes in cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and its coupling with global brain activity in early glaucoma patients |
| Ji Won Bang1, Eva Yarsky1, Gadi Wollstein1, Joel S Schuman1, and Kevin C Chan1,2 | ||
1Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Neurodegenerative diseases are thought to involve changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Since glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the visual system, here, we examined the CSF dynamics in glaucoma patients. Specifically, using resting-state fMRI, we observed that early glaucoma patients present greater power in the low frequency of the CSF flow and greater coupling between CSF flow and global brain activity compared to late glaucoma patients. Further, the coupling between CSF flow and global brain activity is associated with the volumes of the optic nerve and optic chiasm. Overall, our results suggest that glaucoma involves changes in CSF flow. |
| 1295 | Computer 1
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Age Dependent Changes of Water Exchange Rate in Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) Assessed by Diffusion-Prepared Arterial Spin Labeling |
| Qinyang Shou1, Xingfeng Shao1, Kimberly Felix2, Brandon Ojogho1, Xuejuan Jiang2,3, Megan M Herting2, and Danny JJ Wang1 | ||
1Laboratory of Functional MRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between water exchange rate (kw) of blood brain barrier and age. Diffusion Prepared pCASL technique was used to measure kw in four datasets with a wide range of age (8 to 81 years). Global and regional kw values as well as cerebral blood flow and arterial transit time were analyzed. The results show an overall trend of decreasing kw with age, in parietal and parahippocampal regions there are U-shaped and inverted U-shaped changes of kw with age. |
| 1296 | Computer 2
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Assessment of gadolinium contrast in the brain using a compressed sense 3D Look Locker sequence after intrathecal contrast administration |
| Tryggve Holck Storås1, Svein Are Vatnehol2,3, Geir Ringstad4, Kyrre Holck Emblem5, and Per Kristian Eide6,7 | ||
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 2The Intervention Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 3Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway, 4Department of Radiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 5Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 6Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 7Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital – Rikshospitale, Oslo, Norway |
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Quantitative assessment of T1 enhancement after intrathecal administration of Gd-contrast may remove present challenges due to image scaling varying between acquisitions. The compressed SENSE technique allow 3D-Look-Locker-TFE acquisitions with isotropic 1 mm resolution and full brain coverage to be run in clinically feasible times. A clinical example is demonstrated and a small phantom study exploring further improvements based on trade-offs between undersampling and reduced saturation effects is presented. |
| 1297 | Computer 3
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Measurement of CSF pulsation from EPI-based human fMRI |
| Jun-Hee Kim1, Jae-Geun Im1, and Sung-Hong Park1 | ||
1Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of |
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To study CSF dynamics and brain functional activity simultaneously with quantitative aspect, we proposed a new method for quantifying CSF pulsatility information based on an interslice CSF pulsation model in 4th ventricle of EPI-based fMRI (CSFpulse). The proposed CSFpulse successfully detected the higher CSF flow during the resting state than the typical task states, both in quantitative and time course aspects. Also, CSFpulse was significantly correlated with stroke volume measured using phase contrast MRI during functional states. Based on these results, CSFpulse can be used for investigating functional changes in BOLD and CSF pulsation simultaneously based on conventional EPI-based fMRI. |
| 1298 | Computer 4
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Effects of Sleep on perivascular space in healthy population |
| Nien-Chu Shih1, Karen Lincoln2, Farshid Sepehrband1, and Jeiran Choupan1 | ||
1USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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The perivascular space (PVS) has been reported to clear Amyloid-β (Aβ) and metabolic wastes during sleep. However, the relationship between sleep and PVS in a healthy cohort is still unclear. We investigate the association between PVS and sleep across different age groups. We found that the effect of sleep on PVS volume varies in the young and older population. |
| 1299 | Computer 5
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Early post gadolinium T2-W FLAIR signal intensity change in normal brain tissues and CSF: significance for clinical neuroimaging and neurofluids |
| Nivedita Agarwal1,2,3, Denis Peruzzo1, John Dewitt Port4, Roxana Octavia Carare5, and Graeme Bydder6 | ||
1Neuroradiology, I.R.C.C.S. Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini, Italy, 2Radiology, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Rovereto, Italy, 3Neurosciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, 4Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 5University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, 6University of San Diego, California, CA, United States |
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Apart from the study of meningeal diseases, cortical metastases and multiple sclerosis, T2-W FLAIR is used for analyzing the CSF drainage of fluids. However, little is known regarding gadolinium induced signal intensity (SI) changes in the normal gray (GM) and white matter (WM). The SI ratios GM/WM and CSF/WM increase by 2.5% and 7% respectively whereas the SI in WM does not change. These findings are important for the interpretation of clinical findings and will provide better understanding of the movement of neurofluids in the human brain at early time points (e.g.4-5 minutes after GBCA injection). |
| 1300 | Computer 6
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Identifying the role of free water in human cortical macroscopic organization |
| Lei Wei1, MIng Ding1, yuwen zhang1, and he wang1,2 | ||
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intel, ShangHai City, China, 2Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, ShangHai City, China |
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Free water imaging is a novel tool to study human brain. Recently, the free water has been used in aging disease researach. However, the role of free water in human cortex macroscopic is still unknown. This work shows the relationship between the cortical free water and the cortical thickness, and investigate the underlying molecular and genetic mechanism of the association. Neurons and astrocytes are strongly associated with the free water and the macroscopic organization. |
| 1301 | Computer 7
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Optimization of an MRI protocol for non-contrast saccule and utricle visualization at 1.5T |
| Alba Iruela Sanchez1, Valentin H. Prevost2, Alicia Palomar Garcia1, Wolter de Graaf3, and Bruno Triaire2 | ||
1Canon Medical Systems Spain and Portugal, Barcelona, Spain, 2Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Tochigi, Japan, 3Canon Medical Systems Europe, Zoetermeer, Netherlands |
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This study evaluates the feasibility of different approaches for the visualization of endolymphatic content in inner ear structures on 1.5T MR systems without the need of contrast injection. The results show that using an optimized high-resolution 3D T2w sequence combined with DLR-based denoising tools it is possible to visualize the utricle and saccule structures on healthy volunteers. The next step will be testing this technique on patients with endolymphatic hydrops. |
| 1377 | Computer 1
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Efficient Dixon-Based 3D Fast Spin-Echo MR Neurography of Lumbosacral Plexus |
| Misung Han1, Cynthia T Chin1, and Sharmila Majumdar1,2 | ||
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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MR neurography (MRN) provides direct visualization of peripheral nerves and allows for detecting pathologies. Isotropic 3D MRN has been suggested as an effective method to evaluate overall nerve structures and subtle morphological changes; however, its clinical applications to the lumbosacral plexus have been limited. In this work, we optimized 3D FSE acquisition combined with a Dixon fat-water separation technique to provide uniform signal over the large volume and to suppress vessel signal. In vivo experiments with patients having a lower back pain at 3T demonstrated the clinical feasibility of using the proposed methods for evaluating nerve pathologies. |
| 1378 | Computer 2
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Microstructural alteration of trigeminal nerve revealed by DTI and its correlation with vascular compression and pain |
| Tiantian Guo1, Chunqing Bu1, Chuanying Shi1, Daoqing Su2, Peng Wu3, and Chuanchen Zhang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Classical Trigeminal Neuralgia (CTN) is mainly caused by vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve. We analyzed the correlation between the fractional anisotropy (FA) / apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the bilateral trigeminal nerves and the degree of neurovascular compression (NVC) for CTN patients. Results shown the FA value is negatively correlated with the degree of NVC on the symptomatic side. FA values was lower if there was NVC on the asymptomatic side compared with no NVC. The correlation between FA and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores indicates that FA was a potential MR indicator for predicting patient clinical symptoms. |
| 1379 | Computer 3
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Meta-Analysis of the Normal Diffusion Tensor Imaging Values of the Median Nerve And How They Change In Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
| Djamila Rojoa 1, Firas Raheman 1, Joseph Rassam 1, and Ryckie George Wade2 | ||
1Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom, 2University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom |
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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common compressive neuropathy worldwide. Compressed peripheral nerves exhibit distorted architecture, demyelination and perineurial fibrosis. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) generates proxy measures of nerve ‘health’ which are sensitive to myelination, axon diameter, fibre density and organisation. This meta-analysis included 32 studies of 2643 wrists, belonging to 1575 asymptomatic adults and 1068 patients with CTS. We summarise the normal FA (0·58 [95% CI 0·56-0·59]) and MD (1·138 x10-3 mm2/s [95% CI 1·101-1·174]) of the median nerve, then show that diffusion throughout the length of the median nerve is more isotropic in patients with CTS. |
| 1380 | Computer 4
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Quantitative Evaluation of Normal Lumbosacral Plexus Nerve Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging with Multiband SENSE |
| Nan Zhang1, Caizhong Chen1, and Qingwei Song2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Radiology, The First affiliated hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China |
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DTI can provide valuable structural information that may become an innovative tool in evaluating lumbosacral plexus nerve entrapment. Multiband SENSE technique could be used to accelerate the image acquisition .The present study aims to explore the feasibility of DTI with multiband SENSE on normal lumbosacral plexus nerve. The study showed that MB SENSE=2 was recommended for DTI on normal lumbosacral plexus nerve, which facilitated a 32% shorter image acquisition time than conventional SENSE accelerated diffusion tensor imaging. |
| 1381 | Computer 5
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Comparison of MR diffusion based tractography methods for reconstruction of the facial nerve in pre-operative vestibular schwannoma |
| Caitlin O'Brien1, Philip Touska2, Elizabeth Gabriel1, Haris Shuaib3, Karen Welsh4, and Steve Connor2,5 | ||
1Magnetic Resonance Physics, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Clinical Scientific Computing, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4MRI, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospitals & King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 5Neuroradiology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Four DWI tractography acquisitions are trialled across 13 pre-surgical patients with vestibular schwannomas: single shell EPI, ZOOMit, RESOLVE, & multi-shell RESOLVE, with an aim to reconstruct the path of the facial nerve. Data is analysed using MRtrix using multi-shell multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) and the probabilistic iFOD2 algorithm. The best reconstruction was achieved using a 30 direction multi-shell (b = 0, 300, 1000 s/mm2) RESOLVE acquisition scheme. |
| 1382 | Computer 6
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3D high-resolution Contrast-enhanced MR neurography of lumbosacral plexus with precise fat-suppression: A pilot image quality evaluation |
| Xiangchuang Kong1, Peng Sun2, QingPing Gu2, Tian Liao1, XiaoMing Liu1, and DingXi Liu1 | ||
1Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Philips Healthcare, WuHan, China |
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The objective of this study was to investigate the values of precise fat-suppression for the robust visualization of 3D high-resolution contrast-enhanced MR neurography of lumbosacral plexus by inversion time (TI) scout technique. The precise TI of individuals could be calculated from several fast different TI experiments by measuring the fat signals recovery on the real and imaginary images. CNR (precise fat-suppression) (13.26±5.47) was about 425.4% higher than CNR (traditional TI) (2.39±0.55). Accurate fat suppression in MRN of lumbosacral plexus can help visual the branch of lumbosacral plexus nerves distinctly and improve the accuracy of diagnosis in diseases of lumbosacral plexus. |
| 1383 | Computer 7
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Surface-Based Morphometry Analysis Shows Increased Cortical Sulcus Depth after Sound Therapy in Patients with Tinnitus |
| Xuan Wei1 and Jinxia Zhu2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China |
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In this study, we performed brain surface-based morphometry to evaluate changes in sulcal depth after sound therapy in patients with idiopathic tinnitus. Our results showed that sulcal depth was significantly reduced in the left medial temporal cortex (MTC) and right somatosensory and motor cortex (SMC) of patients with tinnitus compared to the healthy controls, but increased significantly at 24 weeks after sound therapy. Therefore, sulcal depth in the auditory sensory regions of the brain is a potential neuroimaging biomarker for evaluating treatment efficacy in tinnitus patients. |
| 1384 | Computer 8
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Multi-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling in head and neck healthy tissues |
| Nienke D. Sijtsema1,2, Steven F. Petit1, Dirk H.J. Poot2, Gerda M. Verduijn1, Esther A.H. Warnert2, Mischa S. Hoogeman1,3, and Juan A. Hernandez-Tamames2 | ||
1Department of Radiotherapy, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, HollandPTC, Delft, Netherlands |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) has potential for response prediction of tumor and healthy tissue in the head and neck region after radiotherapy. Since little is known about blood flow (BF) values in this region, we measured BF and the repeatability of BF in several tissues simultaneously using multi-delay pseudo-continuous ASL. This enables investigation of the correlation between perfusion and severity of radiotherapy side-effects in a future study. Of the tissues we assessed, we found the parotids have the highest and the tonsils have the lowest perfusion. |
| 1385 | Computer 9
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Assessment of Fat Fractions of Tongues, Pharyngeal Walls, and Soft Palates by GOOSE and DIXON methods |
| Ruitian Song1, Scott N. Hwang2, Chris Goode1, Diana Storment1, Matthew Scoggins1, Zachary Abramson1, Claudia M Hillenbrand3, Belinda Mandrell4, Kevin Krull5, and Wilburn E. Reddick1 | ||
1Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Penn State Health Milton S Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Research Imaging NSW, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 4Division Nursing Research, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States, 5Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States |
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Among 63 participants, the fat fractions (FFs) were estimated and compared in tongues, posterior pharyngeal walls (PPWs), and soft palates (SPs) using two-point DIXON and GOOSE (Globally Optimal Surface Estimation) methods. DIXON was seriously impaired by B0 inhomogeneity and underestimated FF relative GOOSE. There was a strong correlation between these two methods in the tongues and SPs, and a weak one in the PPWs. In our opinion, an IDEAL-based method is preferred for estimating fat content. Extra attention is needed when using the two-point DIXON method. |
| 1386 | Computer 10
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Accelerated volumetric vocal tract MRI using model based deep learning |
| Wahidul Alam1 and Sajan Goud Lingala1,2 | ||
1Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa city, IA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa city, IA, United States |
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3D MRI is a powerful tool to safely visualize the various vocal-tract configurations during voice production [1-3]. Current accelerated 3D vocal-tract MRI schemes based on spatial total variation transform (SPTV) regularization are susceptible to non-trivial artifacts (e.g., blurring at air-tissue boundaries, patchy representation of small structures such as the epiglottis, glottis). In this work, we apply a model based deep learning reconstruction scheme that can significantly accelerate 3D vocal-tract imaging. We demonstrate it to produce images with high-spatial fidelity, natural-looking like contrast, and significantly robust to artifacts seen with current SPTV based schemes. |
| 1387 | Computer 11
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Image quality of high-resolution three-dimensional neck MRI using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and GRASP-VIBE: an intra-individual comparative study |
| Minkook Seo1, Jimin Yoon1, Yangsean Choi1, Jinhee Jang1, Na-Young Shin1, Kook-Jin Ahn1, and Bum-soo Kim1 | ||
1Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The image qualities of two high-resolution MRI sequences of the neck—CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and GRASP-VIBE—were compared. 173 patients clinically indicated for neck MRI were scanned using both sequences with isotropic (<1 mm) in-plane resolution. The image quality was qualitatively assessed by two radiologists. Quantitative assessments (i.e., non-uniformity, contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio) were performed in all patients, a phantom and a healthy volunteer. GRASP-VIBE outperformed CAIPIRINHA-VIBE in all qualitative assessments except for the fat suppression degree. Quantitative assessments were significantly superior in GRASP-VIBE than in CAIPIRINHA-VIBE. Therefore, GRASP-VIBE may be a better alternative to CAIPIRINHA-VIBE for head and neck MRI. |
| 1451 | Computer 1
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Evaluating acquisition and preprocessing methods for diffusion MRI in the cervical spinal cord |
| Kurt Schilling1, Anna J.E. Combes2, Logan Prock2, Kristin P. O'Grady1, Bennett A Landman2, and Seth A Smith1 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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The aim of this study was to evaluate acquisition and preprocessing strategies for diffusion MRI in the cervical spinal cord. We tested 6 acquisition and 5 preprocessing strategies, and quantified evaluation criteria, and found that pipelines that include distortion correction significantly improve data quality. However, motion and lack of cardiac triggering significantly impact quality measures. Standard diffusion processing packages need to be adapted and modified for spinal cord microstructure to ensure accurate and robust diffusion quantification. |
| 1452 | Computer 2
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Thalamic Involvement in the Pediatric Chronic Spinal Cord Injured Population with Respect to the Severity of Injury |
| KiChang Kang1, Kristen Fleming1, Anish V. Sathe1, Jennifer Muller1, Devon Middleton1, Feroze Mohamed1, Laura Krisa1, and Mahdi Alizadeh1 | ||
1Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Little is known about microstructural alterations in the thalamus following spinal cord injury (SCI), especially in the pediatric population. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) derived metrics to characterize microstructural changes in thalamic nuclei of pediatric subjects with chronic SCIs with respect to the severity of injury based on the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS). We report significant differences in mean diffusion metrics in thalamic nuclei that are suggestive of microstructural alterations between different AIS classifications. |
| 1453 | Computer 3
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Myelin-sensitive MRI metrics correlate with inflammation in human traumatic spinal cord injury |
| Sarah Rosemary Morris1,2,3, Taylor Swift-LaPointe2, Andrew Yung1,3,4, Valentin Prevost1,3,4, Shana George1, Andrew Bauman4, Piotr Kozlowski1,2,3,4, Farah Samadi1,5, Caron Fournier1,5, Lisa Parker6, Kevin Dong1, Femke Streijger1, Veronica Hirsch-Reinshagen1,5,6, G.R. Wayne Wayne Moore1,5,6, Brian K Kwon1,7, and Cornelia Laule1,2,3,5 | ||
1International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Faculty of Medicine, UBC MRI Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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We investigated the correlation of inhomogeneous magnetisation transfer ratio (ihMTR), myelin water fraction (MWF) and intra/extra-cellular water geometric mean T2 (I/EW gmT2) with the distribution of inflammatory cells as measured by HLA-DR and CD68 histological staining for macrophages and activated microglia in human traumatic spinal cord injury. We found that ihMTR and MWF decreases were strongly correlated with the presence of HLA/CD68+ immune cells in white matter and both ihMTR and MWF were strongly correlated with LFB, a stain for myelin lipids. Our results demonstrate a strong link between ihMTR and MWF and inflammation. |
| 1454 | Computer 4
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Making myelin water imaging “normal”: Robust acquisition for cervical cord with low peripheral nerve stimulation |
| Sharada Balaji1, Adam Dvorak1, Neale Wiley1, Laura Barlow2, Irene M. Vavasour3,4, Alex MacKay1,3, and Shannon H. Kolind1,3,4,5 | ||
1Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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The standard myelin water imaging (MWI) sequence for cervical spinal cord, 3D gradient and spin echo (GRASE), was modified to allow scanning in “normal mode” (limiting imaging parameters that may cause physiologic stress) for patients who may not tolerate peripheral nerve stimulation or tissue heating due to MR-conditional implants or medical issues. Traditional 32-echo GRASE was replaced with 48-echo GRASE in normal mode. Myelin water fraction maps from the new sequence had better repeatability than the standard sequence. 48-echo GRASE is the recommended sequence for MWI in spinal cord, particularly for subjects who cannot be scanned outside of normal mode. |
| 1455 | Computer 5
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Lumbosacral spinal cord changes after acute spinal cord injury: preliminary results of an MRI study |
| Silvan Büeler1, Patrick Freund2, Thomas M. Kessler1, Martina D. Liechti1, and Gergely David1,2 | ||
1Department of Neuro-Urology, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland |
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Imaging of the lumbosacral enlargement (LSE) has previously demonstrated remote degeneration below a cervical spinal cord injury leading to progressive atrophy of grey and white matter. Here, we investigate, for the first time, neurodegeneration in the conus medullaris (including the LSE) after acute spinal cord injury using an optimized multi-echo gradient-echo sequence. At 1-month after injury, preliminary results show lower grey matter volume in the conus medullaris. This is the first MRI investigation indicating remote tissue-specific volumetric changes in the conus medullaris in spinal cord injury. |
| 1456 | Computer 6
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Traumatic spinal cord injury – transition from a focal lesion to widespread neurodegeneration: Lessons from 60-month observational data |
| Tim Max Emmenegger1, Dario Pfyffer1, Simon Schading1, Alan Thompson2, Gabriel Ziegler3,4, John Ashburner5, Karl Friston5, Nikolaus Weiskopf6, Armin Curt1, and Patrick Freund1,5,6,7 | ||
1Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany, 4German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 5Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 7Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation,, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of neurodegenerative events across the neuroaxis. The trajectories of lesion characteristics and brain and spinal cord macro-and microstructural changes were analysed over five years in 23 SCI patients and 21 healthy controls. Initially, SCI patients showed higher volume and iron content in the spinal cord which decreased over time. They showed lower myelin-sensitive MTsat values in the dorsal column and cortex which also decreased over time and were associated with acute lesion characteristics. These observations illustrate the widespread and progressive neuroplastic processes after SCI, its magnitude being predicted by acute lesion characteristics. |
| 1457 | Computer 7
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Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MR perfusion of the Spinal Cord with radial streaking artefacts reduction at 3T: Preliminary results and applications |
| Guillaume Frébourg1,2,3, Kaissar Farah4, Thomas Troalen5, Lauriane Pini1,3, Aurélien Destruel1,2,3, Stéphane Fuentes4, Maxime Guye1,3, and Virginie Callot1,2,3 | ||
1Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France, 2iLab-Spine International Associated Laboratory, Marseille-Montréal, France, 3AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France, 4AP-HM, Hôpital Timone, Neurosurgery Dept., Marseille, France, 5Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France |
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3T T1-GRASP acquisition combined with an optimized dynamic radial streaking artefacts reduction have been set up to analyze Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE) over time and spinal cord levels. Acquisition with Gd-injection using the best temporal resolution parameters have been applied on two healthy volunteers and one patient showing perfusion dysfunction with compression. Semi-quantitative parameters (SQP) have been calculated in different regions of interest along the cervical levels and voxel-wise to provide SQP axial mapping of the spinal cord. |
| 1458 | Computer 8
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Detection of resting-state functional connectivity networks in the human lumbar spinal cord at 3T |
| Anna JE Combes1,2, Anirban Sengupta1,2, Baxter P Rogers1,2, Delaney Houston1, Logan Prock1, Francesca Bagnato3, Colin D McKnight3, John C Gore1,2,4, Seth A Smith1,2,4, and Kristin P O'Grady1,2 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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3D multishot GRE resting-state BOLD-sensitive images of the lumbar spinal cord were acquired in 10 healthy participants as part of a functional MRI (fMRI) protocol. Temporal SNR in the gray matter (GM) was 18.2±4.3 after post-processing. Average correlations at rest were 0.49±0.17 between ventral horns, and 0.55±0.13 between dorsal horns, and could be detected at the single-subject level using seed-based analysis. Independent Component Analysis in 6 subjects, each scanned on two different occasions, identified network nodes within GM that were consistent across sessions. FMRI of the lumbar spine is feasible and may reflect functional integrity of the lumbar cord. |
| 1459 | Computer 9
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Characterization of the spinal cord fMRI signal in the healthy subjects and in multiple sclerosis patients |
| Michela Fratini1, Laura Maugeri2, Maria Guidi3, Mauro Di Nuzzo4, Marta Moraschi5, Fabio Mangini6, Irene Egidi3, Daniele Mascali4, Valerio Pisani6, Ugo Nocentini6, and Federico Giove4 | ||
1CNR- Nanotec, Roma, Italy, 2CNR- Nanotec, Lecce, Italy, 3Enrico Fermi Reserch Centre, Rome, Italy, 4CREF-Centro Fermi, Roma, Italy, 5campus biomedico, Roma, Italy, 6fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy |
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) has become one of the most powerful tools in neuroscience research, with promising applications in clinical practice. Particularly, fMRI based on blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast has gained a primary role in the study of human brain and spinal cord, for the characterization of normal and pathological brain/spinal cord (SC) activity. In this framework, we have studied and report the characterization of the functional response of the SC to a multilevel motor task, designed to assess the linearity of the hemodynamic response as a function of the intensity of a graded task. |
| 1460 | Computer 10
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Cord compression from stenosis reduces resting-state functional connectivity in the cervical spinal cord |
| Anna JE Combes1,2, Kristin P O'Grady1,2, Baxter P Rogers1,2, Wuraola Adesinasi3, Logan Prock1, Delaney Houston1, Hamid Shah3, David Edwards4, Silky Chotai3, Byron F Stephens5, Li Min Chen1,2, Seth A Smith1,2,6, and John C Gore1,2,6 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Orthopaedic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 6Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Spinal cord stenosis presents with highly variable clinical manifestations and prognoses. Resting-state functional MRI of the cord could provide complementary information in addition to structural measures. We sought to determine whether functional connectivity (FC) measures were altered in patients with compression of the lower cervical spinal cord, and whether those were related to morphometric measures at and above the level of pathology. Compression in the lower segments was significantly associated with lower FC of the ventral and dorsal networks in patients. This finding is a first step in exploring the FC features of the cord in compressive pathology. |
| 1461 | Computer 11
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Spinal cord fMRI heatmaps reveal a structured cardiac artifact “traveling” along the length of the cord |
| Kimberly J. Hemmerling1,2, Mark A. Hoggarth2, Todd Parrish3, and Molly G. Bright1,2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Physical Therapy & Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Denoising of spinal cord fMRI data is important to address physiological noise confounds. Heatmaps used to visualize structured variance in spinal cord fMRI data reveal a unique artifact of aliased cardiac signals from pulsatile flow adjacent to the cord, which appears to travel along the longitudinal cord axis. Cardiac-related RETROICOR noise maps indicate that this artifact is successfully modeled and removed. The artifact velocity along the length of the spinal cord was calculated and is moderately correlated to the heart rate. This artifact may also provide insight into CSF flow in the spinal canal. |
| 1462 | Computer 12
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Comparison of Physiological Noise Models for Thermal Stimulus fMRI in the Cervical Spinal Cord at 7T |
| Alan C Seifert1,2,3 and S Johanna Vannesjo4 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway |
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A physiological noise model (PNM) is crucial for maximizing sensitivity and specificity to activation in 7T spinal cord fMRI. The PNM must balance exhaustive modeling of non-BOLD signal, preservation of degrees of freedom, and avoidance of nuisance regressors that may be correlated with the task. We compared four candidate PNMs. A 37-term PNM and a 35-term PNM excluding heart rate and respiratory volume per unit time, which may be correlated with the task, performed approximately equally well. A 32-term PNM containing only regressors derived from physiological recordings, and a 3-term PNM containing only image-derived regressors, were also evaluated. |
| 1463 | Computer 13
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B1 shimming for cervical spine 7T parallel transmission MRI: preliminary in vivo imaging and preparation of virtual observation points |
| Aurelien Destruel1,2,3, Pierre Jomin4, Tobias Wichmann5, Maxime Guye1,2, Redha Abdeddaim 4, and Virginie Callot1,2,3 | ||
1Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France, 2AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, Pôle d'imagerie médicale, CEMEREM, Marseille, France, 3iLab-Spine - Laboratoire international associé - Imagerie et Biomécanique du rachis, Canada/, France, 4Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France, 5RAPID Biomedical GmbH, Rimpar, Germany |
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Parallel transmission for 7T MRI of the spinal cord is a promising area of research, as high specific absorption rate and coil inefficiency in some levels may limit certain applications. In the absence of virtual observation points (VOP) provided by the coil manufacturer, preliminary testing and first in vivo applications on a healthy volunteer were done in a conservative SAR-restricted, showing potential in regions that suffered from signal drops with the default shim parameters. The workflow to ensure radiofrequency safety with virtual observation points, based on simulations of the specific absorption rate and their validation, is also described. |
| 1464 | Computer 14
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Early aging, iron accumulation and demyelination in cervical spinal cord and brain as long-term effects of rugby practice? |
| Arash Forodighasemabadi1,2,3,4, Guillaume Baucher1,2,5, Lucas Soustelle1,2, Thomas Troalen6, Olivier Girard1,2, Guillaume Duhamel1,2, Jean-Philippe Ranjeva1,2, Maxime Guye1,2, Jean-Baptiste Grisoli7, and Virginie Callot1,2,4 | ||
1Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France, 2APHM, Hopital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France, 3Aix-Marseille Univ, Université Gustave Eiffel, LBA, Marseille, France, 4iLab-Spine International Associated Laboratory, Marseille-Montreal, Marseille, France, 5APHM, Hopital Universitaire Nord, Neurosurgery Dept, Marseille, France, 6Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France, 7APHM, Hopital Universitaire Timone, Pole MPR, Marseille, France |
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Brain alterations due to cumulative effects of impacts have been reported in rugby players. However, literature on long-term effects is scarce, and no study has been conducted to characterize potential spinal cord impairments. In this study using a multiparametric MR protocol dedicated to both brain and cord, and combining state-of-the-art T1 relaxometry and ihMT imaging, we observed diffuse T1 increase in the cervical spinal cord, together with increased T1 and decreased ihMTsat in specific brain WM tracts in retired players. These preliminary results also suggest early aging, tissue degeneration, iron accumulation, and different aging processes in retired players. |
| 1465 | Computer 15
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Automatic spinal cord segmentation in pediatric MR images |
| Colline Blanc1,2, Shiva Shahrampour3, Feroze Mohamed3, and Benjamin De Leener1,2,4 | ||
1NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Research Center, Ste-Justine Hospital University Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Department of Computer and Software Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Segmentation of the spinal cord is an essential process for the accurate delineation of spinal cord structures. However, it is a long process and automatic segmentation tools are not adapted to segment the pediatric spinal cord. We therefore developed a tool mixing a neural network and a deterministic method to overcome the limitations. We succeeded in obtaining a segmentation with a dice coefficient of 0.86 on a patient with a spinal cord injury (SCI). |
| 1546 | Computer 1
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Striatal tau deposition in mild cognitive impairment revealed by removal of iron-related off-target binding effects in 18F-AV1451 PET |
| Jason Langley1, Sumanth Dara2, Ilana Bennett3, and Xiaoping Hu1,2 | ||
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 3Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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We use tissue susceptibility to control for iron-related off-target binding effects in 18F-AV1451 PET and examine the impact of APOE-ε4 carrier status on striatal tau-PET signal in mild cognitive impairment. We found significant increases in tau-PET SUVR in the putamen (p=0.01) and caudate nucleus (p=0.046) of APOE-ε4 positive participants compared to APOE-ε4 negative participants. Controlling for striatal iron, significant correlations were seen between striatal tau-PET SUVR memory measures in the control (putamen: r=0.435; caudate: r=0.623) and APOE-ε4 positive MCI (putamen: r=0.403; caudate: r=0.648) groups with greater tau burden correlated with greater memory impairment. |
| 1547 | Computer 2
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Resting-state Functional connectivity to differentiate Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's disease, and Normal subjects |
| Fatemeh Mohammadian1, Maryam Noroozian2, Arash Zare Sadeghi3, Hanieh Mobarak Salari4, Hassan Hashemi5, and Hamid Reza Saligheh Rad1,6 | ||
1Department of Medical physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran university of medical sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Department of Psychiatry, Tehran university of medical sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Iran University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Quantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Tehran university of medical sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 6Quantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Millions of people around the world suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease. Due to the progressive cognitive decline of the disease, early diagnosis can play an important role in the treatment and prevention of disease progression. Because functional and physiological changes occur before structural changes, functional imaging-based biomarkers such as Functional connectivity (FC) can show these changes well. |
| 1548 | Computer 3
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T1ρ Dispersion in White Matter Correlates with Quantitative Metrics of Cognitive Impairment |
| Fatemeh Adelnia1,2, Taylor L Davis2, Lealani Mae Acosta3, Amanda Puckett3, Feng Wang1,2, Zhongliang Zu1,2, Kevin D Harkins1,2, and John C Gore1,2,4 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, NASHVILLE, TN, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NASHVILLE, TN, United States, 3Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, NASHVILLE, TN, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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R1ρ dispersion at weak locking fields (R1ρDiff) has the potential to reveal information on microvascular geometry and density. Our results show ΔR1ρ of white matter extracted from R1ρDiff dispersion is significantly greater in subjects with lower RBANS and MoCA scores. R2 or R1p values measured at a single locking field amplitude have no significant correlation with cognitive impairment scores. This work supports the hypothesis that microvascular impairment in white matter may be one of the causal factors in the progression of cognitive impairment in older adults. |
| 1549 | Computer 4
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Sex-differences in CBF changes as a biomarker of preclinical MCI |
| Safa Sanami1,2, Brittany N Intzandt2,3,4, Julia Huck1,2, PREVENT-AD Research Group5, and Claudine J Gauthier1,2,4 | ||
1Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de G´eriatrie de Montr´eal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Centre de Recherche de l’Institut de Cardiologie de Montr´eal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5StoP-AD, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, preceded by a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) prodromal stage. There are sex differences in the prevalence and severity of MCI and AD. However, the presence of sex differences in cerebral hemodynamics during the transition from normal cognition to MCI is unknown. This is the first study to assess whether sex differences exist in cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the years prior to MCI diagnosis in patients with a familial history of AD. |
| 1550 | Computer 5
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Post-traumatic stress disorder may affect the progression of cognitive impairment in World Trade Center responders |
| Juin W. Zhou1, Minos Kritikos2,3, Chuan Huang4,5, Sean A. P. Clouston2,3, Roberto G. Lucchini6, Samuel E. Gandy7,8, Benjamin J. Luft9,10, and Evelyn J. Bromet5 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Program in Public Health, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 5Department of Psychiatry, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 6Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 7Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 8Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 9Stony Brook World Trade Center Wellness Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 10Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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A larger than expected number of World Trade Center (WTC) responders, now at midlife, are experiencing chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A previous study reported that WTC responders with MCI have altered white matter connectivity when compared to unimpaired responders. However, the effects of PTSD on fiber integrity in this population was not studied due to a limited sample size. In the present study, we analyzed 97 WTC responders with/without CI and/or PTSD. Our results suggest that PTSD may influence the neuropathology of CI within this population. |
| 1551 | Computer 6
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Multivariate quantification of brain differences in individuals with family history of Alzheimer's disease and APOE4 genetic risk |
| Stefanie A Tremblay1,2, Nathan Spreng3,4,5, Amir Pirhadi6, Julia Huck1, Christine Lucas Tardif7,8,9, Mallar Chakravarty10,11, PREVENT-AD Research Group12, Sylvia Villeneuve10,13,14,15, Ilana Ruth Leppert7,8,9, Felix Carbonell16, Yasser Iturria-Medina8,9,17, Christopher J Steele18,19, and Claudine J Gauthier1,2 | ||
1Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Montreal Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada, 9Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 10StoP-AD Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 11McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 12StoP-AD Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 13McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 14McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 15CRIUGM - Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 16Biospective Inc., Montreal, QC, Canada, 17Ludmer Centre for NeuroInformatics and Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada, 18Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 19Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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Although the APOE4 genotype is known to increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the mechanisms through which this occurs are not fully understood. Here, we used a voxel-wise multivariate approach, the Mahalanobis distance (MhD), to quantify the extent to which the white matter microstructure of individuals with the APOE4 genotype differ from those without the E4 allele. The MhD of individuals with the E4 allele deviated significantly from our reference group in several regions, including tracts projecting to the hippocampus, a region known for its involvement in AD. Future work will investigate links with cognition and lifestyle factors. |
| 1552 | Computer 7
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The association between white matter hyperintensity shape and long-term dementia outcome in community-dwelling older adults |
| Jasmin A. Keller1, Sigurður Sigurdsson2, Kelly Klaassen1, Eveline Scholte1, Lydiane Hirschler1, Mark A. van Buchem1, Lenore J. Launer3, Matthias J.P. van Osch1, Vilmundor V. Gudnason2, and Jeroen de Bresser1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland, 3Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Recently white matter hyperintensity (WMH) shape was introduced as a promising novel marker that may provide a more detailed characterization of WMH than volume alone. We aimed to investigate the association between WMH shape and the occurrence of dementia later in life in community dwelling older adults. WMH shape markers and WMH volumes were determined for periventricular/confluent, and deep WMH. A more complex shape of periventricular/confluent WMH (higher fractal dimension), as well as total and periventricular/confluent WMH volume, were associated with a greater risk of dementia. These results may indicate a prognostic value of WMH shape markers. |
| 1553 | Computer 8
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Adapting and applying the brain age paradigm for clinical imaging in multiple sclerosis (MS) |
| Jordan Colman1, Olivia Goodkin1,2, Michael Foster2, Nima Mahmoudi3, Mike Wattjes3, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla4, Sergiu Groppa4, Giuseppe Pontillo2,5, Einar August Høgestøl6,7, Lars T Westlye7, Silvia Messina8, Jacqueline Palace8, Rosa Cortese9, Nicola De Stefano9, Alex Rovira10, Jaume Sastre-Garriga10, Stefan Ropele11, Mara Rocca12, Massimo Filippi13, Ahmed Toosy2, Olga Ciccarelli2, Tarek Yousry14,15, Ferran Prados1,2,16, Frederik Barkhof1,2,17,18, and James H Cole1,18 | ||
1Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 3Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany, 4Movement Disorders, Neurostimulation and Neuroimaging, University Medicine Mainz, Mainz, Germany, 5Departments of Advanced Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy, 6Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 7Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 8Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 9Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, 10Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain, 11Neuroimaging Research Unit, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 12Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 13Neurology Unit, Neurorehabilitation Unit, Neurophysiology Service, and Neuroimaging Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 14Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, UCLH National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom, 15Neuroradiological Academic Unit, 15. Neuroradiological Academic Unit, London, United Kingdom, 16E-Health Center, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 17Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 18Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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Brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD; brain-predicted age – chronological age) is a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous models generally rely on T1-weighted (T1w) MRI brain scans. Here, we developed a deep-learning brain-age prediction model on FLAIR MRI. Our Inception-ResNet-V2 model was more accurate than a current state-of-the-art architecture and the FLAIR based model is comparable to a T1w MRI model. We used saliency maps, showing that areas such as the thalamus and ventricles are salient for brain-age prediction. We applied the FLAIR model to patients with MS, finding significantly higher brain-PAD compared to healthy controls. |
| 1632 | Computer 1
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In vivo CEST imaging of Glutamate and myo-Inositol for early-stage changes in Alzheimer’s 5xFAD mouse model |
| Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga1, Halvor Juul1, Narayan Data Soni1, Blake Benyard1, Anshuman Swain2, Ryan Armbruster1, Paul Jacobs1, and Ravinder Reddy1 | ||
1Radiology, Center for Advance Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Center for Advance Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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In order to probe the metabolism of glutamate and myo-inositol for better understanding of the Alzheimer’s diseases (AD) we have employed the chemical exchange saturation transfer of glutamate (GluCEST) and myoinositol (MICEST) in a fast progressing, 5xFAD mouse model. There were significant differences observed in the GluCEST and MICEST maps of 5XFAD mice when compared to the wild-type (WT) mice for regions of interest drawn on hippocampus and thalamus, which are further supported by the spectroscopy results. |
| 1633 | Computer 2
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Age-related decline of glutathione: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study in 180 elderly participants |
| Lars Michels1, Valerie Treyer2,3, Anton Gietl4, and Ruth O’Gorman Tuura5 | ||
1Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Institute of Regenerative Medicine Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 4Institute of Regenerative Medicine Zurich., University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 5Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Glutathione (GSH) is a brain marker for oxidative stress, which has previously been associated with brain amyloidosis and memory decline. However, to date no study has examined the link between GSH and beta-amyloid in a large cohort of elderly participants. Using simultaneous PET/MRS, we assessed amyloid deposition with amyloid-PET and GSH with MEGAPRESS, in a cohort of 134 healthy elderly and 46 mild cognitively impaired participants. GSH declined with age and showed sex differences, but no significant association between GSH and amyloid status was observed |
| 1634 | Computer 3
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Associations of Aging- and AD-associated 7T MRS Neurochemical Profiles with Cognition and Polygenic Risk for AD |
| Michael Wolf1, Carlos Cruchaga2, Jillilan Crocker1, Priyanka Gorijala2, Laura Hemmy3, James Hodges1, Samira Mafimoghaddam2, Silvia Mangia1, Malgorzata Marjanska1, Riley McCarten3, Thomas Nichols4, Jeromy Thotland1, Rachel Zilinskas1, and Melissa Terpstra5 | ||
1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States, 3Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States |
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Ultra-high field (7T) ultra-short echo time (8 ms STEAM) MRS can consistently provide a 14-neurochemical profile and distinguish aging and AD status. In this project, we generated composite scores from published age- and AD- specific neurochemical profiles and applied them to a typically aging cohort for whom polygenic risk for AD and extensive cognitive performance data were also available. Principal component analysis of the neurochemical profile fully distinguished aging, and AD classification was 58% correct. The largest correlation coefficients (r) were found between MRS and cognition. Correlation between MRS and polygenic risk and between cognition and polygenic risk was smaller. |
| 1635 | Computer 4
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A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Method in Characterization of Blood Metabolomics for Alzheimer’s Disease |
| Leo Cheng1, Isabella Muti1, JianXiang Weng1, Anya Zhong1, Pia Kivisäkk2, Bradley Hyman2, and Steven Arnold2 | ||
1Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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Currently, a definitive AD diagnosis can only be achieved at autopsy, through pathology examinations of brain tissue. No non- or less-invasive examination can yet diagnose and characterize AD during the patient’s life, in turn limiting insights into potential strategies for countering AD modes of progression. Here, using HRMAS MRS, we studied human blood plasma samples obtained from AD and non-AD subjects to reveal potential AD-associated metabolomic changes measurable in blood, which may assist with AD diagnosis and, more importantly, contribute to the development of precision treatments. |
| 1636 | Computer 5
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MRSI DETECTABLE CHOLINE METABOLISM AS MARKER FOR GENDER DIFFERENCES IN AGING |
| Ulrich Pilatus1, Gunter P. Eckert2, Nasir Ludin1, Silke Matura1, Johannes Pantel1, Carmen Silaidos2, Lena Wachter2, and Elke Hattingen1 | ||
1Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 2Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany |
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Combining quantitative (mmol/l) 1H MRSI and 31P MRSI data from the brain of healthy volunteers revealed a choline component (rCho=tCho-(PCho+GPC)) which is visible with 1H MRSI but missing in 31P MRSI. This component, which may account for a fraction of mobile phospholipids, is reduced in young female (mean age 26) subjects. Lower levels would indicate a higher integrity of the membrane phospholipids in the brain of young women. A possible reason is the higher estrogen levels in this group. |
| 1637 | Computer 6
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The relationship between hippocampal NAA and functional connectivity within the Default Mode Network in Mild Cognitive Impairment |
| Marilena M DeMayo1,2, Jinglei Lv1,2, Shantel Duffy3,4, Sharon Naismith3,4,5, and Fernando Calamante1,2,6 | ||
1School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 3School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 4Healthy Brain Ageing Program, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 5Centre of Research Excellence to Optimise Sleep in Brain Ageing and Neurodegeneration (CogSleep CRE), Sydney, Australia, 6Sydney Imaging, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia |
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We investigated the association between two MR markers of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): N-Acetylaspartate (NAA) measured by MR Spectroscopy within the hippocampus; and functional connectivity within the Default Mode Network (DMN). We showed differential relationships between functional coupling/connectivity and NAA in MCI and controls, with an association between these measures in MCI not evident in controls. For those with MCI, we detected 20 connections within the DMN associated with NAA levels, with stronger connectivity associated with lower NAA levels. This suggests change in NAA within the hippocampus is associated with functional change within the DMN for those with MCI. |
| 1638 | Computer 7
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7T multi-pool CEST MRI in multiple sclerosis patients |
| Moritz Simon Fabian1, Stefan Hock1, Angelika Barbara Mennecke1, Manuel Schmidt1, Arnd Dörfler1, and Moritz Zaiß1,2 | ||
1Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 2High-field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany |
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Differentiation of active multiple sclerosis lesions from non-active ones is done in the clinical environment by using contrast enhanced T1 images. CEST MRI has shown to yield correlations with Gadolinium contrast enhancement in tumors and other pathological tissue. In this work, we are trying to gain more insight in the metabolic information regarding the brain of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. |
| 1639 | Computer 8
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Semi-supervised learning for fast multi-compartment relaxometry myelin water imaging (MCR-MWI) |
| Kwok-Shing Chan1, Tae Hyung Kim2,3, Berkin Bilgic2,3, and José P Marques1 | ||
1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Myelin water imaging using multi-compartment relaxometry (MCR-MWI) improves the GRE-MWI robustness and accuracy but suffered from slow processing speed. In this study, we incorporate both supervised and self-supervised machine learning for fast MCR-MWI that is generalisable to a wide range of acquisition parameters without the need to re-train the network. We demonstrate its application on single compartment fitting and MCR-MWI. Results show that the proposed method can produce comparable high SNR results with a 62-fold shorter processing time. |
| 1640 | Computer 9
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In vivo myelin water imaging at 0.55T |
| Jessica Schäper1,2 and Oliver Bieri1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 2Division of Radioligical Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland |
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Myelin water fraction (MWF) imaging is an important tool to investigate demyelination in WM. When using GRE sequences, the method suffers from T2* effects, leading to a non-exponential behaviour. This can potentially influence the calculation of MWF. At low fields susceptibility effects are less and the assumption of biexponential T2-decay is more accurate. Here, the feasibility of MWF at 0.55 T, using biexponential fitting was demonstrated. |
| 1641 | Computer 10
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Myelin-sensitive microstructure modeling of white matter using diffusion-T1-T2-relaxation MRI |
| Björn Lampinen1,2, Filip Szczepankiewicz3,4, and Markus Nilsson3 | ||
1Clinical Sciences Lund, Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 2Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 3Clincial Sciences Lund, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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White matter pathology is characterized by demyelination and axonal loss. Diffusion MRI and relaxometry cannot separate these processes because they are primarily sensitive to axons and myelin, respectively. We used diffusion-T1-T2-relaxation MRI with tensor-valued encoding to support a twelve-parameter microstructure model including myelin. Results yielded brain parameter maps and values of the axonal and myelin volume fractions and the g-ratio that were in accordance with previous results from histology. The proposed approach can theoretically disambiguate between demyelination and axonal loss and could thus become a valuable tool for assessing disease severity and treatment response in pathologies that affect white matter. |
| 1642 | Computer 11
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How can we reliably mitigate flip angle and fibre orientation dependence in MPM-based R2* estimation at 7T? |
| Giorgia Milotta1, Nadège Corbin1,2, Christian Lambert1, Antoine Lutti3, Siawoosh Mohammadi4,5, and Martina Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques, UMR5536, CNRS/University Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 3Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging, Department for Clinical Neuroscience, , Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Systems Neurosciences, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 5Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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The apparent transverse relaxation rate ($$$R_{2}^{*}$$$) is influenced by biological features, e.g. iron and myelin content. However confounding factors, such as flip angle (α) and fibre orientation dependence, hinder interpretation. Multi-α data acquired as part of a comprehensive multi-parameter mapping approach can be used to mitigate these confounds. Here we explored how best to do so in vivo at 7T while additionally considering reproducibility. The ESTATICS approach, which assumes a common decay across flip angles, reduced these dependencies. $$$\hat{R_{2}^{*}}$$$, the α-independent component of a heuristic linear model, reduced both dependencies further but was less reproducible than ESTATICS. |
| 1643 | Computer 12
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Orientation dependence of local frequency difference and R2* in parallel versus crossing fibers at 3T and 7T |
| Lin Chen1,2, Deng Mao2, Guillaume Gilbert3, Maarten Versluis4, Peter van Zijl1,2, and Xu Li1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3MR Clinical Science, Philips Canada, Mississauga, ON, Canada, 4MRI Clinical Scientist Neuroscience, Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands |
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We investigated the dependence of local frequency difference Δf and R2* on the fiber orientation with respect to the static field in selected parallel-fiber and crossing-fiber regions at 3T and 7T. Δf and R2* showed consistent relationship (sin2θ and sin4θ ) with average ROI-based fiber-to-field angle θ at 3T and 7T. Larger amplitude of variations in Δf and R2* with respect to θ were observed in parallel-fiber compared with crossing-fiber regions indicating non-negligible contributions from fiber orientation dispersion to the nonlinear gradient echo signal evolution and related MRI measures sensitive to white matter microstructure. |
| 1644 | Computer 13
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Amortised inference in diffusion MRI biophysical models using artificial neural networks and simulation-based frameworks |
| Jose Pedro Manzano Patron1,2, Theodore Kypraios3, and Stamatios N Sotiropoulos4,5 | ||
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Precision Imaging Beacon, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3School of Mathematics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 5Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Inference in imaging-based biophysical modelling provides a principled way of estimating model parameters, but also assessing confidence/uncertainty on results, quantifying noise effects and aiding experimental design. Traditional approaches in neuroimaging can either be very computationally expensive (e.g., Bayesian) or suitable to only certain assumptions (e.g., bootstrapping). We present a simulation-based inference approach to estimate diffusion MRI model parameters and their uncertainty. This novel framework trains a neural network to learn a Bayesian model inversion, allowing inference given unseen data. Results show a high level of agreement with conventional Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo estimates, while offering 2-3 orders of magnitude speed-ups and inference amortisation. |
| 1645 | Computer 14
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In-vivo microstructural characterisation of first and higher order thalamic nuclei: a diffusion kurtosis imaging study |
| Sebastian Hübner1, Lisa Novello1, Giacomo Tomezzoli1, and Jorge Jovicich1 | ||
1CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto (Trento), Italy |
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The thalamus is a primary station for information processing within the brain. It is composed of a collection of nuclei with different histological and functional properties, classified as First Order (FO, processing sensory input) or Higher Order (HO, playing associative roles). We used diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) to investigate microstructural properties of FO and HO thalamic nuclei, focusing on fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, and mean kurtosis derived from Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI). This initial evidence suggests that DKI might capture distinctive features of FO and HO thalamic nuclei, and paves the way to further studies investigating nucleus-specific microstructural effects with DKI. |
| 1731 | Computer 1
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How does language fMRI activation in tumour patients compare to healthy volunteers? |
| Rachael Franklin1,2, Enrico de Vita2, Irène Brumer3, Jozef Jarosz1, and Marco Borri1 | ||
1Neuroradiology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 2School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Mannheim Institute for Intelligent Systems in Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany |
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Task-based language fMRI datasets from healthy volunteers (15) and tumour patients (4 with lesions near Wernicke’s area, 6 with lesions near Broca’s area) were compared, to assess the similarity of activation location and extent. Expected areas of the language network were consistently localised in both patients and volunteers. Although patients showed more variation in the extent and strength of activation, our activation metrics for the full patient cohort show similar amount of overlap compared to a size-matched group of volunteers. Furthermore, patient with lesions near Broca’s area had highly consistent activation in specific locations. |
| 1732 | Computer 2
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A separation between motor and sensory somatotopic maps in the human cerebellum |
| Emma Brouwer 1, Nikos Priovoulos1, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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We investigated the organisation of the cerebellar digit map with three distinct tasks (flexing/extending/stroking) using B1-shimmed, high-resolution fMRI at 7T. For all tasks, the positions of the COG of the digit representations formed an orderly progression in at least one of the lobules. The distance between the motor task activations for flexing and extending of the digits were smaller than from either motor task to stroking clusters, indicating a separation between somatosensory and motor clusters in cerebellar lobule V. |
| 1733 | Computer 3
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Retinotopic connectivity in the cerebellum for different cognitive states |
| Wietske Zuiderbaan1, Wietske van der Zwaag1, and Tomas Knapen1,2 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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We used the retinotopic connective field model to investigate how retinotopic organization in the cerebellum depends on cognitive state. Previous work found three retinotopic clusters in the cerebellum. These regions were found using a standard bar mapping stimulus with fixation task. Here, we show that with a more naturalistic condition, we find an extra cluster to be retinotopically organized. Furthermore, we show that the oculomotor vermis shows a gradient in visual field eccentricity, that was not revealed using the simple stimulus. Our results underline the importance of using a naturalistic condition in studying the retinotopic organization of the cerebellum. |
| 1734 | Computer 4
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Comparison of Language Areas determined by Resting State and Task Based fMRI using healthy subjects HCP data. |
| Robert Pretorius1, Stefan Sunaert1,2,3, and Ahmed Radwan1 | ||
1Department of Imaging and pathology, Translational MRI, Leuven, Belgium, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2Leuven Brain Institute, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven, Belgium, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |
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Adding to the literature of resting state fMRI (rsfMRI) in preoperative planning, we investigated the similarity of a task based fMRI (tbfMRI) language protocol to a pan-language functional connectivity map in 10 healthy subjects. When comparing the whole brain there is relatively low Jaccard and Sorensen-Dice similarity between rsfMRI and tbfMRI language activity, however when looking at separate cortical anatomical regions the language areas are among those having the highest similarity. Additionally, there is a significantly higher similarity in the left IFG pars triangularis. This suggests that rsfMRI could be used reliably to determine Broca’s area in preoperative planning. |
| 1735 | Computer 5
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Brain-to-brain interaction in parent-child eye contact |
| Ray Lee1, Joshua Friedman1, Alaa Khadar2, Andrea Karaiskaki1, Nadiya Gura1, Maria O'Brien1, Paul Sajda1, and Nim Tottenham1 | ||
1Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 2NASA, Houston, TX, United States |
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Parent-child interaction is a significant part of human life, and a large portion of such interaction is carried out by eye contact. However, how the dyadic brain networks enable eye contact is not well understood. Here, we take advantage of fMRI hyperscan and concurrent eye tracking to measure the BOLD responses and pupil sizes during eye contact between parent and child. Our initial analysis begins to reveal some of the brain networks supporting the parent-child bond. A better understanding of such mechanisms may have a significant impact on human social life, and improve parent-child interaction therapy for many psychiatric diseases. |
| 1736 | Computer 6
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Correlation between fMRI signals and oscillatory neuronal responses during audiovisual information processing |
| Hsin-Ju Lee1,2, Lauri Nummenmaa3,4,5, Hsiang-Yu Yu6,7, Cheng-Chia Lee7,8, Chien-Chen Chou6, Chien Chen6,7, Wen-Jui Kuo7,9, and Fa-Hsuan Lin1,2 | ||
1Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 4Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 5Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, 6Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 7Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, 8Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 9Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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We studied how fMRI signal is related to neural oscillations by taking both fMRI and invasive recordings from epilepsy patients. Specifically, we examined the neurovascular coupling during complex naturalistic stimuli processing. A significant negative correlation between gamma-band neural oscillations at hippocampus/amygdala and fMRI signals was found at the amygdala, hippocampus, and inferior occipital lobes while viewing short movie clips. These correlations sustain across gamma, beta, and alpha bands. The left angular gyrus shows a positive correlation between neural oscillations and fMRI dynamics at the theta band. |
| 1737 | Computer 7
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In vivo direct imaging of visually evoked neuronal responses at milliseconds temporal resolution |
| Phan Tan Toi1,2, Jun-Ho Kim1, Jang Woo Park3, and Jang-Yeon Park1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Korea Radioisotope Center for Pharmaceuticals, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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There has been a long-standing demand for high temporospatial resolution in non-invasive neuroimaging. Using our previously proposed approach for direct imaging of neuronal activity (DIANA-fMRI) with a high temporal resolution of milliseconds, we continued to demonstrate DIANA-fMRI performance in mice in vivo at 9.4T using visual stimulation. The DIANA signal change was significantly increased (~0.2-0.4%) in response to flashing light stimulus, and it was found that DIANA responses of sSC, V1, and V2 were sequentially activated in that order. The DIANA response times of sSC, V1, and V2 were consistent with previous electrophysiological studies. |
| 1738 | Computer 8
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Power Laws for Neurovascular Coupling between Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism |
| Linqing Li1, Nicholas Blockley2, Sean Marrett1, Andy John Derbyshire1, and Peter Bandettini1 | ||
1National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2University of Nottingham Medical School, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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We previously developed (CMRO2/CMRO20)=(CBF/CBF0)(1-α/β)(1-1/β)as special power relation (SPR) for brain activation. In this work, based on different perspective of SPR, we derive that functional activity induces general power relation (GPR) (CMRO2/CMRO20)=(CBF/CBF0)α/β. When α=0.38,β=1.5, both powers (SPR and GPR) are calculated to be 0.25,which is approximately equivalent to inverse of conventional coupling constant of 4. By equalizing two powers, the relationship of α and β parameters can be established. We also show that any coupling pairs between changes of CMRO2,CBF,CBV and OEF can be reduced into power laws. Finally, we propose the power law for quantification CMRO2 changes during CO2 calibration. |
| 1739 | Computer 9
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Regional variation in the linear relationship between breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity and BOLD fMRI activation |
| Rebecca Williams1,2, Jacinta Specht1,2, M. Ethan MacDonald2,3, and G. Bruce Pike1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Departments of Electrical & Software Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and task-based BOLD fMRI signals are closely linked. Understanding whether the relationship between CVR and task-based BOLD responses varies across the brain is important for interpreting BOLD, particularly in studies of aging where both CVR and BOLD activation differences are observed. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the linear relationship between breath-hold (BH) CVR and task-based BOLD across the cerebral cortex to different cognitive tasks. Significant linear relationships were observed in posterior regions independent of task, while anterior regions were task-specific. These findings might contribute to understanding age-related posterior-anterior BOLD activation differences commonly observed in fMRI studies. |
| 1740 | Computer 10
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Evaluating cerebrovascular reactivity dynamics through a Bayesian inference approach |
| Joana Pinto1, Martin Craig2,3, Paula Croal2,3, Nicholas P. Blockley2,4, Michael A. Chappell2,3, and Daniel P. Bulte1 | ||
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Radiological Sciences, Mental Health & Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) has been shown to be an important parameter that is altered in certain pathologies. Analysis strategies using MRI data typically assume similar responses across the brain, neglecting the need and potential of modelling temporal features. In this work, we propose and test a novel method for the evaluation of CVR dynamics based on a variational Bayesian approach. Although this method yields similar CVR results to more standard approaches, it is more time efficient and has the potential to improve modelling by incorporating non-linear and biophysically informed models. |
| 1741 | Computer 11
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Metabolic Changes Immediately Following Sequential Motor Learning: an MRS-fMRI Study |
| Yasmin Geiger1, Tali Weiss2, Osnat Volovick1, Inbar Aharon1, Rinatia Maaravi-Hesseg3, and Avi Karni3 | ||
1Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 2Weizmann institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 3University of Hifa, Hifa, Israel |
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Sequential finger tapping (SFT) is a model for motor learning. The initial phase of SFT manifests in changes to behavior, neuronal activation (BOLD) and metabolic concentrations. The metabolic changes and correlations to BOLD and behavioral changes during SFT are still poorly understood. Here we analyze these bilateral changes at the motor cortex using BOLD‑fMRI and 1H-MRS. We show a significant hemispheric‑dependent correlation between changes in GABA+ and behavior, which do not correlate with the BOLD signal. Additionally, GABA+ basal levels differ between hemispheres. |
| 1742 | Computer 12
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Simultaneous PET/fMRI of the Kappa Opioid Receptor System During Psychotropic Drug Challenge |
| Frederick Andrew Bagdasarian1, Chi-Hyeon Yoo1, Sarah Elizabeth Reid1, Michael Placzek1, and Hsiao-Ying Wey1 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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This research utilizes simultaneous PET/MR imaging to provide a preliminary analysis of the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system in a non-human primate (NHP) brain. We investigated the influence of a psychoactive drug challenge specific to the KOR system in a NHP using the KOR agonist Salvinorin-A. We report regionally specific uptake of a KOR agonist radiotracer ([11C]EKAP) and alterations to BOLD-derived cerebral blood volume (CBV) following the use of Salvinorin-A that are directly related to radiotracer uptake distribution. This work serves a preliminary foundation for KOR imaging and understanding KOR-agonist drug mechanisms through PET/MR. |
| 1743 | Computer 13
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Optical and fMRI responses to activation of GABAergic parvalbumin and somatostatin neurons. |
| Thanh Tan Vo1, Geunho Im2, and Seong-Gi Kim1 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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The GABAergic neurons directly and indirectly regulate hemodynamics. Thus, investigating neurovascular coupling of subtype interneurons is highly important to interpret fMRI data, especially optogenetic fMRI. However, role of subtype interneurons to fMRI is not known. Here, we measured multi-wavelength optical imaging and CBV-weighted fMRI to investigate hemodynamic and metabolic responses of two most common interneuron subtypes, parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SOM). PV induced biphasic hemodynamic responses, initial decrease and later increase, whereas SOM produced only positive hemodynamic responses. In both PV and SOM interneurons, dilation was initiated from the cortical surface. |
| 1821 | Computer 1
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Strong non-BOLD Effect of EPI Gradient Switching Sounds on Voxel Intensities Both Inside and Outside Rat Cranium |
| James W Prichard1 and Samuel Patz2,3 | ||
1Yale University, West Tisbury, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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Echoplanar images of rat head with and without blocking of external ear canals revealed large voxel intensity changes outside as well as inside the cranium. These are probably mechanical effects of vibrational energy originating in the tympanic membrane and coupled to other tissue compartments of the head through the auditory ossicles, basilar membrane, and cochlear round window. They are so large that even slight variations in them may distort magnetic resonance imaging measurements of neural activity and water diffusion. Awareness of that possibility may inform measures to remove or compensate for it. |
| 1822 | Computer 2
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Resolving activity suppression in the rat visual pathway using fMRI combined with lesions |
| Rita Gil1, Mafalda Valente1, Alfonso Renart1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon PT, Lisbon, Portugal |
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Monocular visual stimulation with short inter-stimulus intervals (ISIs) evokes (i) negative BOLD responses (NBRs) in the contralateral superior colliculus (cSC), and (ii) positive BOLD responses (PBRs) in the ipsilateral superior colliculus (iSC). This pattern suggests a potential "push-pull" mechanism between SCs possibly evoked by (mostly inhibitory) tectotectal projections. Here, we mapped activity in the entire visual pathway using fMRI, and modulated cSC inputs through lesions in visual cortex and SC to dissect collicular communication mechanisms. While, cortical context potentiated a putative “push-pull” mechanism, further silencing of iSC resulted in PBRs in cSC, suggesting that iSC exerts suppression on cSC. |
| 1823 | Computer 3
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Remapping of functional connectivity with optogenetic locus coeruleus activation in rats |
| Nmachi Anumba1, Michael Kelberman2, Corrie Smith1, Wen Ju Pan1, G Perrin Clavijo1, David Weinshenker2, and Shella Keilholz1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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High tonic (3-5 Hz) locus coeruleus (LC) activity drives anxiety-like behaviors and the stress response via its dense afferents and receptor distribution profile. Previous studies have utilized DREADD stimulation to understand the global effects of elevating LC activity, but lacked temporal and patterned control of stimulation. Here, we combined optogenetic stimulation of the LC (5 Hz) with functional magnetic resonance imaging to better understand global changes in functional connectivity as a result of high tonic LC activity. We found that LC stimulation at 5 Hz resulted in a shift toward increased connectivity in ChR2 injected animals compared to mCherry controls. |
| 1824 | Computer 4
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Identifying modulation of brain states by optogenetic stimulation of lateral hypothalamus |
| Kengo Takahashi1, Yi Chen1, Patricia Pais-Roldán2, and Xin Yu3 | ||
1High-field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 3Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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The lateral hypothalamus (LH) plays an important role in regulating the brain state changes during sleep and arousal state fluctuation. Although the anatomical projections of LH have been well-investigated, the brain-wide functional map by LH stimulation under different brain states has not been characterized. Here, we applied fMRI to characterize the whole brain activation maps under different brain states during anesthesia in response to LH optogenetic stimulation. We demonstrate that the underlying brain state determines distinct functional mapping features upon LH activation. |
| 1825 | Computer 5
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Humanized mouse brain biomarkers through transcriptomic conversion |
| Roël Matthijs Vrooman1, Judith Homberg1, and Joanes Grandjean1 | ||
1DCMN, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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Since the translation of data between species remains subjective, our goal is to develop a data-driven tool to perform this translation based on the expression patterns of homologous genes. For this, human and mouse fMRI data, which was manually matched based on spatial homology between co-activation patterns, was modelled as a linear addition of gene expression maps. Weighting factors were then used to estimate synthetic brain states based on homologous genes. When comparing the synthetic brain states to their matched biological state, they showed higher correlation than compared to mismatched states, showing the effectiveness of the translational tool. |
| 1826 | Computer 6
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Impact of day-night cycle on functional brain connectome in mice |
| Houefa Armelle Lokossou1, Giovanni Rabuffo2, Monique Bernard1, Teodora-Adriana Perles-Barbacaru1, Angèle Viola1, and Christophe Bernard2 | ||
1CRMBM UMR 7339, Aix Marseille Université-CNRS, Marseille, France, 2INS, UMR1106, Aix-Marseille University-INSERM-CNRS, Marseille, France |
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Controlled by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, circadian rhythm defines the day-night cycle in most animal species. We evaluated the effect of night and day cycle on the functional connectome by exploring a group of mice under light condition (LC) and another one under night condition (NC) using BOLD rs-fMRI. Our results show a significant increase in functional connectivity in NC group compared to LC group at the pineal gland level. This result is in line with this gland’s function. Furthers studies are needed to explore the effects of the circadian rhythm on both genders at different ages. |
| 1827 | Computer 7
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Multimodal BOLD and CBV MRI for artifact correction in fluorescence recordings |
| Henriette Lambers1, Lydia Wachsmuth1, and Cornelius Faber1 | ||
1Clinic for Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany |
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Combining fMRI and fluorescence recordings has become an important tool for neuroimaging. However, hemodynamic changes lead to artifacts in fluorescence recordings, since blood absorbs fluorescence light. We investigated the hemodynamic artifact in functional and pharmacological MRI and fluorescence measurements and present an MRI-based correction method. In both stimulation and lactate injection experiments, hemodynamic artifacts in FRET recordings occurred. These artifacts cannot be removed effectively using a standard (purely optical) correction method. An MRI-based correction presented in this work eliminates the artifact while the expected fluorescence signal changes persist. |
| 1828 | Computer 8
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fMRI in the Mouse Spinal Cord during peripheral somatosensory Stimulation |
| Amon Allelein1, Bruno Pradier1, Huifen Chen2, and Cornelius Faber2 | ||
1Radiology, UKM, Muenster, Germany, 2UKM, Muenster, Germany |
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The spinal cord is an important hub for the integration and processing of peripheral somatosensory stimuli within the central nervous system, however, mouse spinal cord functional imaging is not yet established. We successfully performed BOLD fMRI in the mouse spinal cord using 1 electric and 3 different mechanical stimulation modalities in one session. Graph theory-based network analyses showed strong positive correlations within the dorsal spinal cord laminae of L4 and L5. A negative correlation between the dorsal and ventral regions within the same segment suggests the presence of a vascular steal effect. |
| 1829 | Computer 9
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Layer-specific microsimulation of S2 cortex revealed distinct functional microcircuits in non-human primate brain |
| Pai-Feng Yang1,2, Feng Wang1,2, Jamie L. Reed1,2, Zhangyan Yang1,2, John C. Gore1,2, and Li Min Chen1,2 | ||
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Intracortical microstimulation is one of the most common techniques used to activate cortical functional networks and probe causal connections. This study investigates whether BOLD signals can detect layer-specific functional circuit responses to electrical brain stimulation. We delivered electrical current to different layers of secondary somatosensory cortex (S2) and detected layer-specific BOLD activations. Effective functional connectivity analysis revealed different networks to different layers of S2 cortex. |
| 1830 | Computer 10
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Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Suppresses Thalamic Heat Nociceptive Response and Reorganizes Nociceptive Networks in Non-human Primates |
| Arabinda Mishra1,2, Pai-Feng Yang1,2, Tom Manuel1,3, Allen T Newton1,2, Huiwen Luo1,3, Marshal A Phipps1,2, Michelle Signoa1,3, Jamie L Reed1,2, John C Gore1,2,3, William A Grissom1,3, Charles F Caskey1,2,3, and Li Min Chen1,2 | ||
1VUIIS, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3BME, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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MRI guided transcranial focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is a neuromodulation tool that can excite or inhibit neural activity with high spatial precision and real-time functional feedback. Our goal is to develop a MRgFUS device for human pain therapy. Here, we studied suppressive effects of FUS on a key hub in the thalamus for transmitting peripheral inputs to cortex for pain perception, and mapped changes in effective functional connectivity of thalamic networks using hierarchical clustering. We show that concurrently delivered FUS of moderate intensity suppressed painful heat responses at the thalamus target and induced reorganization of effective connectivity networks. |
| 1831 | Computer 11
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Evidence for an intercollicular auditory push/pull mechanism revealed by BOLD fMRI |
| Frederico Severo1, Mafalda Valente1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal |
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The role of the rodent inferior colliculus (IC) in binaural integration is of great interest especially for sound localization and processing of interaural level difference (ILD). Yet, many IC underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we find evidence for a push/pull mechanism in IC, with contralateral (positive BOLD) activity exerting dominance over ipsilateral (negative BOLD) activity, possibly as means of a sound localization/lateralization. |
| 1832 | Computer 12
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Quasiperiodic Patterns in resting state fMRI signal reflect dynamics of cortical slow rhythms |
| Vahid Khalilzad Sharghi1, Eric A Maltbie1, Wen-Ju Pan1, Shella Keilholz1, and Kaundinya S Gopinath1 | ||
1Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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In this study, we tested hypothesis advanced by some groups that brain slow rhythms serve as the neurophysiological basis of resting state fMRI (rsfMRI). Putative suppression of cortical rhythms with an established technique, led to significant reduction in the amplitude of rsfMRI quasi-periodic patterns (QPPs), and enhancement in the rsfMRI measures of intrinsic functional connectivity FC in canonical brain function networks in rats. The results indicate cortical slow rhythms serve as the genesis of only the vigilance dependent components (e.g., QPP) of rsfMRI signals. Further attenuation of these non-specific signals enhances delineation of brain function networks. |
| 1906 | Computer 1
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Using a Spherically Distributed Spirals Trajectory to Collect Coil Sensitivity Maps for Iterative SENSE Reconstruction |
| Le Zhang1, Tzucheng Chao1, Dinghui Wang1, Guruprasad Krishnamoorthy2, and James Pipe1 | ||
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2MR R&D, Philips Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Conventionally, Cartesian pre-scans are collected over several seconds to create accurate coil sensitivity maps (CSM) for SENSE reconstruction of under-sampled MRI data, with body-coil images used for signal normalization. Since body coils have a larger sensitivity region than phased-array coils, these pre-scans typically employ a very large field-of-view (FOV) to avoid aliasing, leading to low-resolution CSM and potential small errors in subsequent reconstructions. This abstract proposes a new CSM pre-scan sequence using a spherically-distributed-spirals trajectory. The acquisition efficiency and incoherent aliasing offered by this trajectory allow for smaller FOV and higher resolution while maintaining similar scanning time as conventional pre-scans. |
| 1907 | Computer 2
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Machine learning for detecting intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula on susceptibility weighted image using a convolutional neural network |
| Bejoy Thomas1, Jithin S S1, Ajimi mol Anzar1, and Santhosh Kannath2 | ||
1Imaging Sciences and Interventional Radiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India, 2Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, India |
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Artificial intelligence techniques are widely used in medical imaging and diagnostics. In this retrospective study, a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture was developed to classify intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) on Susceptibility Weighted Images (SWI). The dataset used was a total of 3965 SWI image slices of DAVF patients and 4380 images of controls. The proposed classifier showed significant accuracy in the diagnosis of DAVF and it could be developed as a computer assisted diagnosis tool to identify unsuspected DAVF in routine MR imaging. |
| 1908 | Computer 3
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Full posterior estimation of Gray Matter cytoarchitecture using a three-compartment model with exchange: a simulation-based study |
| Thomas Meunier1, Chengran Fang2, Maëliss Jallais1, and Demian Wassermann1 | ||
1INRIA Saclay, Paris, France, 2INRIA Saclay, Palaiseau, France |
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We extract cytoarchitectural characteristics of brain gray matter from diffusion MRI signals including soma size, neurite signal fraction and water exchange. Our model improves on state-of-the-art in that 1) we extract an invertible system leading to stable parameters estimation, 2) our simulation-based inference approach allows to obtain the full posterior distribution of the parameters given a signal. Our solution is a two-step model. First, a new forward model relates summary statistics of the dMRI signal to different tissue parameters. Then, a likelihood-free inference-based algorithm is applied to invert the model, and returns a full posterior distribution over the parameter space. |
| 1909 | Computer 4
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Analyzing Task-based fMRI Time Series using Machine Learning |
| Elaine Yuen Fong Kuan1,2, Viktor Vegh1,2, Kieran O'Brien3, Amanda Hammond3, Javier Urriola Yaksic1, and David Reutens1,2 | ||
1Centre of Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia |
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Common approaches for analyzing task-based fMRI data rely upon the use of regressors, which in some experimental paradigms are difficult to define. A machine learning method is proposed to overcome this challenge. Three machine learning methods with established utility for time series classification were used to classify areas of activation and non-activation in a language fMRI study. Machine learning methods were able to identify the activation regions identified by analyses using the General Linear Model (GLM). Machine learning may be useful for fMRI time series analysis, particularly when regressors required for GLM-based analyses are difficult to define. |
| 1910 | Computer 5
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Longitudinal decrement of cerebral blood flow in high-impact sports |
| Mahta Karimpoor1, Moss Zhao1, Brian Mills1, Marios Georgiadis1, Dean Tran1, Maged Goubran2, Nicole Mouchawar1, Sohrab Sami3, Max Wintermark1, Gerald Grant4, David Camarillo5, Greg Zaharchuk1, and Michael Zeineh1 | ||
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Stanford Center for Clinical Research, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 5Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Longitudinal changes (over four years) of cerebral blood flow (CBF) using arterial spin labeling MRI were investigated in a population of high-contact sport football college athletes and were compared to low-contact cohort of volleyball athletes. A linear-mixed-effects model was applied to assess CBF (normalized to the cerebellum) by sport (football vs. volleyball), time from baseline MRI, and the interaction between sport and time. Longitudinal analysis showed a prospective decline in perfusion in football compared to volleyball. Fourteen football players experienced an in-study concussion; in contrast to the longitudinal findings, football players exhibited acutely a mild increase in occipital lobe CBF. |
| 1911 | Computer 6
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Imaging grey and white matter microstructure simultaneously on a clinical scanner is now possible |
| Simona Schiavi1, Marco Palombo2,3,4, Domenico Zacà5, Francesco Tazza1, Caterina Lapucci6, Lucio Castellan7, Mauro Costagli1, and Matilde Inglese1,8 | ||
1Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 2Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 5Siemens Healthcare s.r.l, Milan, Italy, Milan, Italy, 6HNSR, IRRCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, 7Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, 8IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy |
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Diffusion MRI is a powerful technique that, thanks to advanced signal modelling like the Soma And Neurite Density Image (SANDI) can probe microstrucutral information of both grey and white matter. However, this model requires multishell acquisitions including b-values that are at least 6 times higher than those used in clinical practice. Here we propose a 10-minute acquisition protocol that enables to acquire such images on a clinical 3T scanner. We show the reproducibility of our approach on five healthy subjects as well as potential clinical impact on two subjects affected by multiple sclerosis. |
| 1912 | Computer 7
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A resource for development and comparison of harmonisation methods for multi-modal brain MRI data |
| Asante Ntata1, Olivier Mougin2, Matteo Bastiani1, Fidel Alfaro Almagro3, Jon Campbell3, Paul S Morgan2, Mark Jenkinson3,4, and Stamatios N Sotiropoulos1,3 | ||
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN - FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Australian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia |
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A key challenge in robustly extracting quantitative information from MRI data is the dependence of derived features on nuisance factors, such as the scanning protocol, hardware and software, which are different between vendors and vary with site. While there exist several harmonisation approaches, what’s missing is objective ways and datasets to compare them. Here we present a novel multi-modal neuroimaging data resource for evaluating and comparing harmonisation approaches based on a “travelling heads” paradigm. We further demonstrate how such a resource can be used to a) map the need for harmonisation for different imaging-derived features, b) evaluate existing harmonisation approaches. |
| 1913 | Computer 8
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CNN denoising of FGATIR MRI improves direct visualization of subcortical anatomy |
| Benjamin Ades-Aron1,2, Mohammed Elsayed1, Michael Hoch3, Gregory Lemberskiy1, Yao Wang2, Dmitry S. Novikov1, Els Fieremans1, and Timothy M. Shepherd1 | ||
1Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University, school of medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Electrical and computer engineering, New York University, Tandon school of engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States, 3Radiology, University of Pennsylviania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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The basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem are affected by movement disorders and contain key targets for functional neurosurgery. Targeting however is based on indirect coordinates originally derived from pneumoencephalograms! 3D Fast Gray Matter Acquisition T1 Inversion Recovery (FGATIR) can directly visualize potential targeted structures (e.g. dentatorubrothalamic tract), but is signal-starved in clinically-feasible acquisitions. We developed a convolutional neural network to improve FGATIR quality. Expert rater assessment suggested this CNN improved contrast resolution of individual structures and overall clinical image quality of 1-average data to the level of 4-averages. This could further enable investigations of functional neurosurgery for movement disorders. |
| 1914 | Computer 9
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Exploring Ultra-High Resolution Imaging of the Ex Vivo Whole Brain: Initial Results with Balanced Steady State Free Precession Sequences at 3T |
| Matthias Weigel1,2,3, Peter Dechent4, Riccardo Galbusera1,2, Erik Bahn5, Ludwig Kappos1,2, Wolfgang Brück5, Christine Stadelmann5, and Cristina Granziera1,2 | ||
1Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 2Neurological Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Dept. of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 4Department of Cognitive Neurology, MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 5Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany |
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Balanced steady state free precession (bSSFP) sequences provide the highest signal intensity per unti time, which makes them virtually predestined for ultra-high resolution MR imaging at 3T. Their sensitivity to susceptibility effects and demand for high performance, however, represent two major drawbacks. It will be shown that a carefully chosen protocol, which also includes common phase cycling techniques, will enable artifact-free 200-microns isotropic bSSFP acquisitions of the entire human fixed brain within approximately 27h. |
| 1915 | Computer 10
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High Resolution Postmortem Brain Imaging at 7 Tesla using Parallel Transmission and a Simple Set-Up |
| Eberhard Daniel Pracht1, Markus Cremer2, Daniel Loewen1, Franck Mauconduit3, Aurelien Massire4, Sebastian Bludau2, Nicolas Boulant3, Katrin Amunts2,5, and Tony Stoecker1,6 | ||
1German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 2Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-1, Structural and Functional Organisation of the Brain, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Juelich, Germany, 3University of Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif sur Yvette, Paris-Saclay, France, 4Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France, 5Cecile and Oskar Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, University Hospital, Duesseldorf, Germany, 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany |
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In this work we present a simple set-up for high resolution postmortem imaging at ultra high field strength. The processed images have high, as well as homogeneous gray/white matter contrast over the whole brain. Additionally, during post-processing, the background signal of the fixation liquid is almost completely removed, allowing for an optimal image registration process after histological sectioning. |
| 1916 | Computer 11
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Comparison of ComBat harmonization methods for longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging data in a travelling subject cohort |
| Sophie Richter1, Stefan Winzeck1,2, Marta M Correia3, Evgenios N Kornaropoulos4, Anne Manktelow1, Joanne Outtrim1, Doris Chatfield1, Jussi Posti5, Olli Tenovuo5, Guy B Williams6, David K Menon1, and Virginia F J Newcombe1 | ||
1Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2BioMedIA Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom, 3MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5Department of Neurosurgery and Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 6Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The trend in neuroimaging towards multi-site studies requires validated harmonization approaches to eradicate scanner differences which mask the biological effect of interest. Here, the harmonization algorithm ComBat and its modification for longitudinal data (LongComBat) were compared on a large travelling subject sample (n=23 for structural MRI and n=31 for diffusion tensor MRI).
In structural data scanner difference are not apparent in unharmonized data but can be created by harmonization. For DTI data, scanner differences in unharmonized data are large and, both ComBat and LongComBat successfully diminished those in most regions of interest, with LongComBat achieving slightly lower false positive rates. |
| 1917 | Computer 12
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Reliability and test-retest reproducibility of advanced diffusion metrics in healthy older adults |
| Rachel L. C. Barrett1, Robert Dallyn1, Marie-Stephanie Cahart1, Richard Stones2, Maarten Timmers3, Steven Williams1, and Flavio Dell'Acqua2 | ||
1Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Forensics and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Janssen Research and Development, Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium |
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Reliability and test-retest reproducibility of simple and advanced diffusion metrics were evaluated in healthy older adults. Advanced models such as Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging, White Matter Tract Integrity, Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging and other multi-compartment methods have greater specificity but lower reliability and reproducibility than simple models such as DTI and spherical harmonic metrics. All models nevertheless had good or acceptable reproducibilty and reliability in certain cases. Particular care may be given when planning clinical research applications with advanced metrics, as greater sample sizes and/or improved data quality may be needed. |
| 1918 | Computer 13
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The Feasibility of Meningeal Imaging using multi-echo gradient echo sequence mFFE with optimized scan parameters |
| Han Dou1, Xiaoming Wang1, Yang Zheng1, and Zhiwei Shen2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, 2Philips healthcare，Beijing，China, Beijing, China |
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At present, the detection of meningeal diseases is mainly based on MRI enhanced scan sequences, however, the poor image quality of affected the degree of meninges visualization due to the limited concentration of contrast agent staying in the meningeal after administration. In this study, the feasibility of meningeal imaging with multi-echo gradient echo MR sequence (Mffe) was explored, and optimized the main scan parameters. The optimal imaging parameters were obtained by analyzing the meninge-skull signal intensity ratio (SIR) and contrast-noise ratio (CNR) of healthy volunteers. |
| 1919 | Computer 14
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A proposed method to objectively quantify hippocamapal dentation through midlayer AUC analysis |
| Lawrence Ver Hoef1,2 and Anandh Kilpattu Ramaniharan1 | ||
1Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States, 2Neurology, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States |
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We present a novel method to objectively quantify a morphological feature known as hippocampal dentation from ultra high resolution 3D T2w images. |
| 1920 | Computer 15
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Parameter Optimization for High-Resolution MR Elastography of the Human Brain at 7T |
| Emily Rose Triolo1, Oleksandr Khegai2, Jelle Veraart3, Akbar Alipour2, Trey Hedden4, Mehmet Kurt1,2, and Priti Balchandani2 | ||
1Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States, 3New York University, New York City, NY, United States, 4Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, United States |
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MRE, a technique used to characterize the viscoelasticity of tissues, is typically performed at 3T for the human brain. MRE at 7T has the promise to deliver higher resolution, however, is subject to several artifacts and limitations. Here, we developed and tested an MRE setup and sequence at 7T on one subject at three different resolutions to investigate how both changing resolution and using MP-PCA denoising affects the estimated shear modulus (|G*|). Our pilot study has shown an increase in OSS-SNR after using MP-PCA denoising, and has demonstrated a relationship between resolution, OSS-SNR, and |G*| that requires further investigation. |
| 1921 | Computer 16
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A radiomics approach to assess high risk carotid plaques: a non-invasive imaging biomarker, retrospective study |
| Sihan celestine Chen1, Yunfei Zha2, Changsheng Liu2, Xixiang chen3, Ling ma4, and Weiyin vivian Liu5 | ||
1Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China, 2Radiology, enmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China, 3Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei General Hospital, Wuhan, China, 4He Kang Corporate Management (SH) Co.Ltd, Shanghai, China, Wuhan, China, 5Advanced Application specialist, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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This study aimed to construct a radiomics-based T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) approach from high-resolution multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (hrMRI) in combination with clinical high-risk factors for non-invasive assessment, to differentiate symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques from asymptomatic ones. Radscore showed a better diagnostic performance. The combination model of texture features and clinical data had the best performance in assessment of lesion vulnerability. This study demonstrated that hrMRI radiomics features provided incremental value for assessment of the carotid atherosclerotic vulnerability. |
| 1922 | Computer 17
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Frailty assessment using synthetic MRI |
| Di Wang1, Chunmei Li2, Yuhui Chen2, Pu-Yeh Wu3, and Min Chen1 | ||
1Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Me, Beijing, China, 2Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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Synthetic MRI is a novel method which can provides quantitative relaxation mapping and synthetic contrast-weighted images at the same time. In this study, we adopted this technique to assessed the frailty. We found T2 relaxation of right insular lobe and right limbic subcortical nuclei had significant difference between frailty and prefrailty patients. T1 and T2 relaxation of right limbic subcortical nuclei and right basal ganglia significantly correlated with the short physical performance battery total scores. Overall, our findings suggested the synthetic MR can be considered an effective tool for assessing frailty. |
| 1923 | Computer 18
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7T metabolic MRI in focal epilepsy |
| Sarah M Jacobs1, Zahra Shams1, Evita C Wiegers1, Jannie P Wijnen1, Dennis W Klomp1, Edwin Versteeg1, Jeroen C.W. Siero1,2, Angelika Mühlebner3,4, Wim Van Hecke3, Pieter van Eijsden5, Pierre A Robe5, Maeike Zijlmans5,6, and Anja G van der Kolk1,7 | ||
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Department of Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 5UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 6Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands, 7Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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In this clinical study, we combined different (metabolic) MRI sequences at 7T to characterize focal epileptogenic lesions, and uncover potential metabolic markers that could help identifying the culprit lesion in MRI-negative epilepsy patients. Using QSM, we observed increased iron deposition in the affected hippocampus of two HS patients that was not found in the contralateral hippocampus, neither in a suspected HS patient with no abnormal tissue, nor in matched healthy volunteers. No increased iron deposition was found in patients with FCD or matched healthy volunteers. No significantly different metabolite ratios between patients and healthy volunteers were found using SV 1H-MRS. |
| 1924 | Computer 19
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Diffusion-weighted MRI-based Virtual Elastography is feasibility for the evaluate of Rolandic epilepsy |
| Lu Gao1, Xianjun Li1, Yuying Feng2, Chao Jin2, Hua Zhang3, Huanfa Li3, Haipeng Hu4, Xiaocheng Wei5, and Jian Yang 2 | ||
1Departemnt of diagnostic Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Departemnt of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 4Departemnt of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 5GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, Beijing, China |
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Conventional MRI is difficult to discover the subtle changes caused by epilepsy. Virtual magnetic resonance elastography (vMRE) is based on diffusion MRI, which is sensitive for variety of physiologic and pathologic conditions. This study use vMRE to evaluated left Rolandic epilepsy. We found that left precentral gyrus, left postcentral gryus and left superior temporal gyrus is more stiffer than controls. The longer the seizure duration the stiffer of the brain tissues. vMRE has the potential to noninvasive evaluate epilepsy. |
| 1925 | Computer 20
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Microstructural Reorganizations in Thalamic Nuclei Across Characteristics of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy |
| KiChang Kang1, Anish V. Sathe1, Isaiah Ailes1, India Shelley1, Mashaal Syed1, Christopher Miller1, Feroze Mohamed1, Ashwini Sharan1, and Mahdi Alizadeh1 | ||
1Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of epilepsy which can become medically refractory and referred for surgery. The thalamus has been shown to demonstrate both structural and functional changes in TLE. However, little is known about microstructural alterations within individual thalamic nuclei. In this study, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to determine if subjects with unilateral TLE demonstrate hemispheric and intra-hemispheric differences in thalamic nuclei across clinical characteristics. We report statistically significant differences in nuclei in subjects with tonic-clonic seizures and mesial temporal sclerosis in both hemispheric and intra-hemispheric comparisons. |
| 1926 | Computer 21
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Segmentation and Quantification of Venous structures and Perivascular Spaces in the Thalamus in Epilepsy Patients at 7T |
| Mackenzie Langan1,2, Gaurav Verma1, Derek Smith1, Bradley Delman3, Madeline Fields4, Rebecca Feldman*1,5, and Priti Balchandani*1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Icahn School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, United States, 3Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Computer Science, Math, Physics, and Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Here we outline a preliminary analysis using a novel method which leverages UHF neuroimaging to measure detectable differences in vasculature within the thalamus that may not be detectable at lower field strengths. We provide a tool for detection and quanitifcation of vessels, perivascular spaces, and subsequent overlaps within the thalamus which may be relevant to uncover possible underlying neuroinflammatory processes in focal epilepsy patients. In our analysis, we found a significant difference in the number of thalamic vessels in patients compared to controls, providing a possible marker to measure abnormal or disordered vessel growth possibly associated with increased seizure activity. |
| 1927 | Computer 22
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Network efficiency of structural covariance networks relate to cognitive performance in children with childhood absence epilepsy |
| Merel JA Eussen1,2, Jacobus FA Jansen2,3, Twan Voncken4, Mariette HJA Debeij-van Hall5, Jos GM Hendriksen4,5, Jeroen R Vermeulen4, Sylvia Klinkenberg4, Walter H Backes2,3, and Gerhard Drenthen2,3 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3School for Mental Health & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 4Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, 5Department of Behavioral Sciences, Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, Netherlands |
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Cognitive deficits have been reported in children with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE). Regional alterations in morphology in children with CAE are likely related to the changes in the underlying network structure. Structural covariance networks (SCNs) based on interregional correlations of cortical thicknesses can describe these changes. To relate cognitive performance to network efficiency, individual SCNs are derived from anatomical MR images of the control group and one patient. The global efficiency calculated from the resulting SCNs showed a negative relation with cognitive performance for children with CAE. |
| 1928 | Computer 23
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Structural Connectivity in Default Mode Network May Lateralize Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Graph-Theory Approach |
| Fatemeh Salimi 1, Saeed Masoudnia 2, Alireza Fallahi 2,3, Narges Hoseini Tabatabaei4, Mohammadreza Ay1,2, and Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh1,2 | ||
1Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Biomedical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Difficulties in lateralizing the epileptogenic side of the brain challenge the temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) surgery. We examined structural connectivity in default mode network (DMN) based on graph network analysis for specifying the epileptogenic side of the brain in TLE patients. The results showed significantly different connectivity in DMN nodes among the TLE patients compared to the control cohort. DMN regions with abnormal structural connectivity in TLE subjects corresponded with the epileptogenic brain sides. |
| 1929 | Computer 24
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White matter microstructure characterisation in hippocampal sclerosis and cryptogenic temporal lobe epilepsy |
| Nicolò Rolandi1, Fulvia Palesi1, Francesco Padelli2, Isabella Giachetti2, Domenico Aquino2, Paul Summers3, Elena Tartara4, Giancarlo Germani3, Valeria Mariani5, Egidio D'Angelo1,6, Laura Tassi5, Claudia Angela Michela Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,6,7, and Paolo Vitali3,8 | ||
1Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2Neuroradiology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy, 3Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 4Epilepsy Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 5“C. Munari” Epilepsy Surgery Centre, ASST Niguarda, Milano, Italy, 6Brain Connectivity Center Research Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 7NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 8Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy |
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Temporal lobe epilepsy is characterised by heterogeneous aetiology. In this work we focused on hippocampal sclerosis and cryptogenic groups. In order to characterize microstructure white matter alterations underlying the pathology, we performed a regional analysis of the temporal lobe white matter. Our results showed less disruptive microstructural changes in cryptogenic patients. Alterations in Axial Diffusivity and Neurite Density Index in hippocampal sclerosis potentially indicate significant axonal degeneration. Further investigations are needed to ascertain the value of Orientation Dispersion Index as a possible biomarker to predict surgery outcome. |
| 1930 | Computer 25
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Application of Machine Learning in Comparison between Multimodal Neuroimaging Markers of Laterality in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy |
| Alireza Fallahi 1,2, Mohammad Pooyan3, Jafar Mehvari-Habibabadi 4, Narges Hoseini Tabatabaei5, Mohammadreza Ay1,6, and Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh1,6 | ||
1Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Biomedical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 6Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Five neuroimaging markers including T1 volume, FLAIR signal intensity, and mean diffusivity in hippocampus, and fractional anisotropy in both posteroinferior cingulum and crus of fornix were used for lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Support vector machine (SVM) was used as a classifier and for measuring the importance of neuroimaging attributes. The classification results demonstrated that the hippocampal volumetric and mean diffusivity showed the highest correct classification rate and the largest area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver operating characteristic (ROC), thus considered as the most important attributes of TLE laterality among all markers investigated in this study. |
| 1931 | Computer 26
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fMRI Can Detect Functional Connections of Seizure Spread Regions to Onset Zones in Patients with Mesial Temporal Sclerosis |
| Anish Vinay Sathe1, Michael Kogan2, KiChang Kang1, Jingya Miao1, Mashaal Syed1, Isaiah Ailes1, Caio Matias1, Feroze Mohamed1, Ashwini Sharan1, and Mahdi Alizadeh1 | ||
1Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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Epilepsy is a disease involving seizure initiation and often spread. sEEG has shown that areas of seizure spread are correlated with onset regions. We find that seed-to-voxel analysis via amplitude synchronization of fMRIs of epilepsy patients can also detect significant correlations between seizure onset and spread zones. These results validate fMRI analysis as a promising noninvasive method to detect other correlated brain regions that may be involved in seizure propagation. |
| 1932 | Computer 27
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Static and Dynamic Resting-State fMRI Features to Localize Brain Areas Generating Epileptic Spikes |
| Siu Lung Tang1, Kristina Sabaroedin2, Will Wilson2, Daniel Pittman2, Paolo Federico2, and Pierre LeVan2 | ||
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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The potential of using features derived from resting-state fMRI time series to localize epileptic brain areas was studied. Static and dynamic correlations between local spike rates measured with intracranial EEG and regional homogeneity (ReHo), amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and functional connectivity (FC), respectively, were analyzed based on data collected from 13 subjects with refractory epilepsy. While static measures of ReHo and ALFF were not statistically correlated with spike rates measured during long-term monitoring, static correlation with FC was apparent. However, in dynamic analysis, temporal variations in instantaneous spike rates were associated with synchronous fluctuations of both ALFF and FC. |
| 1933 | Computer 28
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A Graph Theoretical Approach for Lateralization of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Using Nodal Functional Connectivity |
| Alireza Fallahi 1, Mohammad Pooyan2, Jafar Mehvari-Habibabadi 3, Narges Hoseini Tabatabaei4, Mohammadreza Ay1,5, and Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh1,5 | ||
1Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Biomedical Engineering, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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In this study, six graph theoretical measures were identified as nodal level epileptogenicity in TLE patients using functional connectivity analysis. The aim of this study is to define brain nodes that have significant difference between left and right TLE patients using resting state functional connectivity analysis. Clustering coefficient, degree centrality, betweenness centrality, node neighbor’s degree, closeness centrality, and page rank were calculated as graph theoretical characteristics and multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) was used as a statistical method. Results of the applied method suggested significant nodes for prediction of laterality in TLE patients. |
| 1934 | Computer 29
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Children and Adolescents with Functional Neurological Disorder |
| Vishwa Shukla1, Molly Faith Charney1, Sheryl Foster2,3, Wufan Zhao1, Han Sam Jiang1, Kasia Kozlowska4,5,6, and Alexander P Lin1 | ||
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 3Radiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia, 4The Children’s Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Sydney, Australia, 5Psychiatry, Child & Adolescent Health, University of Sydney Medical School, Sydney, Australia, 6Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, Australia |
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Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) is characterized by a broad array of neurological symptoms that are thought to reflect aberrant activity in neural networks. This study aims to compare the neurochemical levels in the posterior default mode network (pDMN) in children and adolescents with FND and healthy controls using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). FND patients exhibited lower levels of tNAA/tCr in the pDMN compared to controls, indicating potential neuronal alterations or modified neuronal-glial signaling. |
| 1935 | Computer 30
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Imaging the hypothalamus in Prader-Willi Syndrome |
| Stephanie S. G. Brown1, Katherine Manning1, and Anthony Holland1 | ||
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by intellectual disability, emotional dysregulation and importantly, marked overeating behaviour. The hypothalamus controls food intake and satiety by endocrine control, and evidence from animal studies has shown that lesions of the hypothalamic nuclei result in hyperphagia. However, studies examining the hypothalamus in humans in vivo are scarce. We show here significantly lower volumes of the hypothalamus and hypothalamic nuclei in PWS compared to healthy controls and general population obese individuals. Our findings are strongly suggestive that impaired appetite control and problematic eating behaviours are a consequence of abnormal hypothalamic structure in PWS. |
| 2011 | Computer 1
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Multimodal high-resolution mapping of subcortical regions in the macaque monkey revealed by combined MAP-MRI and histology |
| Kadharbatcha S Saleem1, Alexandru V Avram1, Daniel Glen2, Michal Komlosh1, and Peter J Basser3 | ||
1Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817; Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Bethesda, MD 20892, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), Henry M. Jackson Foundation (HJF) for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817; Section on Quantitative Imaging and Tissue Sciences (SQITS), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Despite its essential use as a model for neurological disorders in humans, the rhesus macaque lacks a comprehensive MRI-histology-based segmentation of subcortical regions. Here, we mapped the subcortical regions in the macaque monkey using MAP-MRI, and postmortem histology of the same brain. Our results demonstrate that, at high spatial resolution, MAP-MRI can distinguish a large number of gray and white matter structures in deep brain areas. The ability to delineate and validate these in a given subject is useful for neurosurgical planning and navigation of implantable devices to potential targets for deep brain stimulation in the macaque model of neurological or psychiatric disorders. |
| 2012 | Computer 2
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Evaluation of a new, openly accessible in vivo MP2RAGE mouse brain template for registration and morphometric analysis |
| Eugene Kim1, Eilidh MacNicol1, Jemeen Sreedharan2, and Diana Cash1 | ||
1Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Basic & Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The most popular mouse brain templates are created from ex vivo scans while in vivo templates are not widely available. We have released openly accessible in vivo multi-contrast mouse brain templates and associated tissue probability maps for analyses of in vivo mouse neuroimaging data. Deformation-based morphometry was performed on a test dataset using a study-specific template, our new “MouseIn” template, or the ex vivo DSURQE template. The results using the MouseIn template better matched those using the “gold-standard” study-specific template compared to those using the ex vivo template. |
| 2013 | Computer 3
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Assessing the feasibility of measuring glycine with a TE-Averaged MRS sequence at 3 Tesla |
| Reggie Taylor1 | ||
1Institute of Mental Health Research, The Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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A TE-Averaged sequence was created on a Siemens Biograph mMR 3 Tesla scanner for the purpose of detecting glycine at a clinical field strength in a healthy population. The sequence demonstrated that it can detect glycine and glutamate with moderate reproducibility, potentially providing a method to indirectly measure the health of the NMDA receptor |
| 2014 | Computer 4
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Fast scan downfield MR spectra of human brain in vivo at 7.0 Tesla |
| Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga1, Mark Elliott2, Neil Wilson2, Sophia Swago3, Walter Witschey2, and Ravinder Reddy2 | ||
1Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Center for Advance Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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In this study, we investigated the optimal acquisition parameters in terms of voxel size, SNR and total scan time to obtain high quality NAD+ 1H downfield (>4.7 ppm) spectra from human brain at 7 Tesla. Using a spectrally selective excitation spatially selective localization pulse sequence and without water suppression, large voxel size and shorter TR, we were able to acquire NAD+ spectra with an SNR of ~30 in about 5 min. Preliminary results of high SNR and resolution enhanced NAD+ spectra from human brain of healthy volunteers are presented. |
| 2015 | Computer 5
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A concurrent tDCS-MEGA PRESS MRS study to investigate polarity dependent effects on neurometabolites |
| Rajakumar Nagarajan1, Anant Shinde2,3, Muhammed Enes Gunduz4, and Gottfried Schlaug1,2,3 | ||
1Human Magnetic Resonance Center, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 3University of Massachusetts Medical School - Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, MA, United States, 4University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States |
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Up- or downregulation of neurotransmitter/receptor concentration have been seen when transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) were combined in concurrent experiments; however, results have been mixed and not reliable across studies. In this study, we investigated dose and polarity effects of tDCS in an MRS voxel centered over the anterior cingulate/prefrontal region using three dose levels of tDCS with stimulation electrode placed over left a supraorbital area and return electrode over right mastoid bone. Dose and polarity dependent modulation of GABA and Glx was observed in a single subject study. |
| 2016 | Computer 6
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Different approaches of aspartate approximation in MEGA-PRESS 1H MRS spectra |
| Petr Bulanov1, Petr Menshchikov2, Andrei Manzhurtsev3, Alexey Yakovlev3, Tolib Akhadov3, Richard Edden4, and Natalia Semenova3,5 | ||
1Lomonosov Moscow State Univesity, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, 3Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, 4Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation |
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Changes in Aspartate (Asp) concentrations are a potential biomarker of malate-aspartate shuttle dysfunction, as well as disturbances in the synthesis of NAA. J-difference editing allows the detection of a resolved Asp signal at δAsp ≈ 2.71ppm. This resonance has a complex shape and therefore approximation of the Asp signal is a challenging task. In our study we compare the performance of six Asp-approximation models applied to data from three brain regions (anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC), dorsolateral pre-frontal area (DLPFA) and visual cortex (VC)). A model consisting of four Gauss signals shows the best performance for all brain regions studied. |
| 2017 | Computer 7
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Integrative assessment of the aquaporin-4 role to a glucose stimulus by magnetic resonance |
| Balbino Yagüe1, Irene Guadilla1, Sebastián Cerdán1, Blanca Lizarbe1, and Pilar López1 | ||
1Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, Madrid, Spain |
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Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is a transmembrane water channel highly expressed in central nervous system, regulating fluid exchange by water transport between two sides of plasmatic membrane, and depending on concentration gradients of solutes, like glucose. On these grounds, we studied AQP4’s role in glucose uptake. AQP4 inhibitor TGN-020 was administrated in adult mice before vehicle and glucose stimulus. Diffusion and T2* images were acquired and apparent diffusion coefficient and T2* were measured. Ex vivo 1H high-resolution magic angle spinning spectra were acquired. Results showed that TGN avoid physiological cerebral response linked to glucose uptake, noting the AQP4 involvement in the process. |
| 2018 | Computer 8
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Assessment of subtle BBB disruption using Focused Ultrasound: comparison between the contrast agent exchange rate and the water exchange rate |
| Jonghyun Bae1,2,3, Jin Zhang3, Mihaela Stavarache3, Ayesha Das3, Sawwal Qayyum3, Karl Kiser3, and Sungheon Gene Kim3 | ||
1Vilcek Institute of Biomedical Science, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States |
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This study explores two different approachs of measuring subtle BBB disruption. To induce different levels of BBB disruption, we used a focused ultrasound (FUS) sonication with intravenously injected microbubbles with an animal model. Each animal underwent FUS procedure with different acoustic power levels. We compared the changes measured using DCE-MRI with Gadolinium-based contrast agent for volume transfer rate constant and Ferumoxytol-based ACE-MRI to measure transendotheliel water exchange rate. Our results suggest that both the water exchange rate and the contrast exchange rate show sensitive detection of subtle BBB disruption, which could shed light on understanding different permeability changes in BBB. |
| 2019 | Computer 9
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Conduction velocity mapping a transcallosal pathway through a correlative multimodal structure-function relationship |
| Christian Stald Skoven1, Mariam Andersson1, Marco Pizzolato1,2,3, Bente Pakkenberg4,5, Hartwig Roman Siebner1,5,6, and Tim Bjørn Dyrby1,3 | ||
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance (DRCMR), Copenhagen Universital Hospital Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Hvidovre, Denmark, 2Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, 4Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 6Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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The structure-function relationship of axons within the intact brain proves challenging to delineate. We recorded transcallosal conduction time in the rat brain with optogenetics and electrophysiology, estimated pathway length with tractography, - and axon diameters (AD) with dw-MRI and transmission electron microscopy. The modalities exhibit different sensitivity profiles. Recorded latencies correspond only to smaller axons below the mode of the distribution of ADs from histology. dw-MRI is only sensitive to larger axons, not accounted for by electrophysiology and only sparsely with histology. Future correlative studies should choose modalities with a sufficient sensitivity profile for the structural or functional metric of interest. |
| 2020 | Computer 10
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A Neurochemical Atlas of the Cingulate Cortex in Relation to Pain. |
| Jessica Archibald1, Erin L. MacMillan2,3, Niklaus Zölch4, and John L.K. Kramer5 | ||
1Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Radiology, University of British Comulbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Philips, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter Forensische Medizin und Bildgebung, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 5Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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1H-MRS provides a window into brain chemistry without the need to directly sample tissue. The growing prevalence of neurological conditions highlight the need for evidence based treatments. Specifically, preclinical and clinical evidence suggest a link between glutamate and pain. This study shows spatial neurochemical differences from different voxels across the cingulate cortex using sLASER at 3 T. A significant correlation between pain ratings and the anterior cingulate cortex is seen. As MRS moves towards becoming a standardized clinical technique, understanding the spatial distributions and variability will provide an important basis for the understanding of the healthy human brain’s biochemical environment. |
| 2021 | Computer 11
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Investigating Early Brain Development and Executive Function in Young Children |
| Colleen Pletcher1, Lauren Heinrich1, Marissa DiPiero1,2, Andrew Alexander1,3,4, Steven Kecskemeti 1, Elizabeth Planalp1, and Douglas Dean III1,3,5 | ||
1Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 5Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States |
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The emergence of executive function (EF) in children is an important developmental process that impacts later cognitive and behavioral outcomes; however, much remains unknown about the neural processes underlying the development of EF. In this study, we quantified volumetric measures from structural MRI to investigate associations between EF and brain structure in children aged 3 to 10 years old. Results indicated that there were correlations between EF and structures in subcortical brain regions and regions of the frontal and parietal lobes. |
| 2022 | Computer 12
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T1 Weighted Postmortem MR Imaging of the Cerebellum at 3T: Preliminary Results between Feasibility and Desire |
| Matthias Weigel1,2,3, Riccardo Galbusera1,2, Peter Dechent4, Erik Bahn5, Govind Nair6, Ludwig Kappos1,2, Wolfgang Brück5, Christine Stadelmann5, and Cristina Granziera1,2 | ||
1Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 2Neurological Clinic and Policlinic, MS Center and Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Dept. of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 4Department of Cognitive Neurology, MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 5Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 6Translational Neuroradiology Section, Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurovirology, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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MRI of the fixed human brain is highly interesting, since it basically allows very long scan times for unprecedented MRI resolutions on clinical scanners. Recent work utilized T2* weighted RF spoiled gradient echo sequences to achieve isotropic resolutions up to 160-microns at 3T. This work establishes a T1 weighted MR imaging protocol based on RF spoiled gradient echo sequences that currently enables isotropic resolutions of 240-microns at 3T and depicts the complex fine structure of the fixed cerebellum very well. |
| 2023 | Computer 13
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Phenotyping a Mouse Model of TRAPPC9 Associated Intellectual Disability with High Resolution MRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
| Mark David Platt1, Antonius Plagge2, and Harish Poptani1 | ||
1Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 2Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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Microcephaly and intellectual disability is associated with mutation of the TRAPPC9 gene. A knockout mouse model of TRAPPC9-associated intellectual disability and microcephaly was characterised using high resolution T1 and T2 weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) alongside behavioural assays. Behavioural differences suggested learning impairment in the model, MRI elucidated the developmental timeline of the disorder and highlighted several brain regions with reduced volume. DTI revealed reduced structural integrity in the corpus callosum. |
| 2024 | Computer 14
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Structural abnormalities in patients with early psychosis: a MP2RAGE-based morphometric study at 7T |
| Zirun Wang1, Martine Cleusix2, Raoul Jenni2, Philippe Conus3, Kim Q. Do2, and Lijing Xin1 | ||
1Animal imaging and technology core (AIT), Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland |
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This study aims to investigate grey matter alterations in early psychosis patients (n = 44) compared to healthy control subjects (n=30). Morphometric analysis using MP2RAGE images at 7T. VBM did not reveal significant cluster after FWE (Family-Wise Error) corrections, but suggested grey matter reduction (uncorrected p<0.005) in the globus pallidus, right thalamus, left inferior temporal gyrus, left superior parietal, left paracentral lobule, left precuneus, right parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus) of patients compared to healthy subjects. |
| 2025 | Computer 15
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Altered brain pulsations in phychosis. |
| Emma Hiukka1, Heta Helalari1, Vesa Korhonen1, and Vesa Kiviniemi1 | ||
1Radiology, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland |
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The detection of functional alterations in psychotic subjects has proven to be a demanding task. In this study we used ultrafast fMRI to investigate physiological brain pulsations driving blood and CSF convection in psychotic brain. We detected dichotomized changes in opposing brain region pulsations between the upper frontal and lower posterior parts of the brain in all three major brain pulsations. The altered brain pulsations in psychotic brains may be connected to abnormal convection of metabolites via CSF and blood providing an physiological basis for the altered reality experiences in psychosis. |
| 2026 | Computer 16
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Neuromelanin MRI as biomarker for treatment resistance in first episode schizophrenia patients |
| Marieke Van der Pluijm1, Pascalle Nadine Reijers1, Kenneth Wengler2, Lieuwe De Haan1, Jan Booij1, Guillermo Horga2, and Elsmarieke Van de Giessen1 | ||
1Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States |
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The current study assesses neuromelanin sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) as a potential biomarker for treatment resistance (TR) in first episode schizophrenia patients. NM-MRI is a novel MRI sequence, which indirectly measures dopamine synthesis. Research using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging suggest that TR patients show lower dopamine synthesis than responders. We acquired NM-MRI in 61 first episodes schizophrenia patients. Treatment response was determined during 6 months follow-up. TR patients showed significantly lower NM-MRI signal compared to responders. These findings are in line with previous PET studies and demonstrate the potential of NM-MRI as alternative and more accessible biomarker for TR. |
| 2027 | Computer 17
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Independent component analysis of rsfMRI data in pedophilic disorder: A Swedish case control study |
| Linnéa Andersson1, Christoffer Rahm2, Benny Liberg2, Maria Ljungberg1,3, and Isabella M. Björkman-Burtscher4,5 | ||
1Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Department of Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 4Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 5Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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Fifty percent of all child sexual abuse (CSA) perpetrators are individuals with pedophilic disorder. The neural underpinnings of pedophilic disorder are unknown. We conducted a case-control study aiming to investigate functional connectivity alterations using independent component analysis on resting state fMRI data in search of biomarkers that can be used for preventing CSA. The results suggest there are functional connectivity alterations in several resting state networks in individuals with pedophilic disorder. |
| 2028 | Computer 18
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Diagnosis of Schizophrenia, Bipolar, and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders using Graph-Theory Features of Resting-State fMRI |
| Faezeh Ghasemi1,2, Hosna Tavakoli3,4, Saeed Masoudnia 4, Narges Hoseini Tabatabaei5, Reza Rostami6, and Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh4,7 | ||
1Medical Physics and Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Research Center for Biomedical Technologies and Robotics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3cognitive neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 6Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 7Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Accurate and specific diagnosis of mental disorders is very important for effective, customized, and personalized treatments, which would be made more possible based on individual neuroimaging data. In this study, we classified schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cohorts, vs. healthy control (HC) cohort, using extracted graph features from Resting-State fMRI (rs-fMRI) images. The graph-based connectivity features of limbic, auditory, visual, and default mode networks were identified as the most separating features for the SZ, BD and, ADHD groups from the HC group among brain networks. |
| 2029 | Computer 19
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Quantitative MRI in Major Depressive Disorder at 7T |
| Jurjen Heij1, Wietske van der Zwaag1, Matthan W.A. Caan2, Guido van Wingen3, and Moji Aghajani4 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 4Institute of Education and Child Studies, University of Leiden, Leiden, Netherlands |
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Large scale efforts are being employed to link Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) to cortical alterations in gray and white matter, though often, limited resolution prevents conclusions regarding the source. Here we used quantitative 7T MRI to explore the myeloarchitecture of the cortex in people suffering from MDD in order to unravel potential mechanisms underlying the psychopathology of MDD. We find altered T1-profiles in the rostral ACC, lateral PFC and OFC in MDD compared to healthy controls, indicating changes in cortical myeloarchitecture. Overall, cortical T1 values were higher in MDD, suggesting lower cortical myelination. |
| 2030 | Computer 20
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Ketamine Induced Glutamate Alternations in Treatment-Resistant Depression. A 1H-MRS randomised placebo controlled study. |
| Rouslan Sitnikov1,2, Mikael Tiger3, and Johan Lundberg3 | ||
1Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Clinical Neuroscience, MR Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden |
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Background: The glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine has a rapid antidepressant effect in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Though, the ketamine's possible mechanism of action has been debated the main hypothesis was focused around glutamate. Methods: A proton short-echo MR Spectroscopy was utilised to examined three brain regions Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Hippocampus and Raphe nuclei before and 24-hours after treatment. 28 Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor resistant MDD patients were randomized to double blind monotherapy with 0.5 mg/kg ketamine or placebo infusion. Results: glutamate correlates with depression symptoms severity in ACC and HC in opposing ways in ketamine group. |
| 2031 | Computer 21
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Aberrant Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Adult Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| Xipeng Yue1, Yan Bai1, Ge Zhang1, Yu Shen1, Xianchang Zhang2, and Meiyun Wang*1 | ||
1Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd., Beijing, China |
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Conventional static functional connectivity analysis does not capture transient and atypical changes in functional connectivity between neural networks in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients. In this study, we evaluated rsfMRI data of 108 adult ASD patients by dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) analysis using sliding time window correlation and K-means clustering methods. Our results showed that higher dwell time and altered functional connectivity between multiple nodes in FNC state 2 correlated with clinical ASD scores. Therefore, our study demonstrates that aberrant and transient functional connectivity changes between neural networks in ASD patients can be evaluated by dFNC analysis. |
| 2099 | Computer 1
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Increases in Quantitative T2 Values in Spinal Cord of Chiari Patients with Syrinx |
| Maia J Baumbach1, Jason W. Allen2, Daniel L. Barrow2, David A. Reiter2, and John N. Oshinski2 | ||
1Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Here we use quantitative T2 mapping of the spinal cord in Chiari malformation patients to evaluate the ability to discriminate between spinal cord tissue in Chiari patients with syrinx and spinal cord tissue without. Spinal cord tissue adjacent to syrinx lesions show significantly elevated T2 values suggesting potential utility of T2 mapping for clinical management of Chiari patients. |
| 2100 | Computer 2
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Age-associated White Matter Microstructure and Connectome Abnormalities in Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| Clara F Weber1, Stefan P Haider1, Pratik Mukherjee2, Evelyn MR Lake1, Dustin Scheinost1, Nigel S Bamford3, Laura Ment3, Todd Constable1, and Sam Payabvash1 | ||
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 2University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Pediatrics, Neurology, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Analyzing four study cohorts spanning from infancy to adulthood, we compared DTI-derived diffusion metrics as well as connectome Edge Density between subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and neurotypical controls. Additionally, we explored the performance of several machine learning algorithms applied to tract-based values for prediction of ASD. We found age- and ASD-related alterations in white matter microstructure and connectome in both voxel-wise and tract-based analyses that show how ASD-associated abnormalities emerge and change over time. Our machine learning analysis evaluated several different approaches and identified a model that achieved 0.75 AUC in the prediction of an ASD diagnosis. |
| 2101 | Computer 3
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Chronic anemia: the effects on the connectivity of white matter |
| Clio Gonzalez Zacarias1,2, Soyoung Choi1,2, Richard M. Leahy2,3, and John C. Wood4,5 | ||
1Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Signal and Image Processing Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Pediatrics and Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Chronic anemia is commonly observed in patients with hemoglobinopathies, mainly represented by disorders in hemoglobin structure (e.g., sickle cell anemia, SCA) and hemoglobin synthesis (e.g., thalassemia syndrome). These hemoglobin disorders have been associated with white matter alterations. In this study, changes in white matter connectivity on chronic anemic patients were characterized by quantifying the volumetric mean of fractional anisotropy along the pathway of tracks connecting two ROIs (defined by BrainSuite’s BCI-DNI atlas) and comparing it with healthy individuals. SCA patients showed interhemispheric FA derangements but not to the same extent as changes observed in the watershed areas of non-SCA patients. |
| 2102 | Computer 4
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Investigation of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus in the macaque fascicularis brain using 11.7 T ultra-high field diffusion data |
| Maëlig Chauvel1, Ivy Uszynski1, Clara Fischer1, Fabrice Poupon1, Christophe Destrieux2, Igor Maldonado2, and Cyril Poupon1 | ||
1BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2Unité Imagerie & Cerveau (iBrain), UMRS INSERM 1253, Université de Tours, Tours, France |
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In this study, we investigated the controversial presence of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) in the macaque species (Macaca fascicularis) using ultra-high field MRI (11.7 T) diffusion data. Thanks to a fiber clustering approach, we were able to reconstruct the IFOF in both hemispheres. We observed thin frontal connections and a more developed fasciculus on the right hemisphere compared to the left. The presence of this special fasciculus, known in Humans as being part of the ventral pathways for multi-modal language processing, is a new step forward concerning the comprehension of the macaque brain, and the primate brain in general. |
| 2103 | Computer 5
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Structural connectivity estimates are accurate: the outcome of diffusion-simulated connectivity (DiSCo) challenge |
| Gabriel Girard1,2,3, Jonathan Rafael-Patino2,3, Raphaël Truffet4, Dogu Baran Aydogan5,6,7, Nagesh Adluru8,9, Veena A. Nair9, Vivek Prabhakaran9, Barbara B. Bendlin10, Andrew L. Alexander8,11,12, Sara Bosticardo13,14, Ilaria Gabusi13,15, Mario Ocampo-Pineda13, Matteo Battocchio13,16, Zuzana Piskorova13,17, Pietro Bontempil13,18, Simona Schiavi19, Alessandro Daducci13, Aleksandra Stafiej20, Dominika Ciupek20, Fabian Bogusz20, Tomasz Pieciak21, Matteo Frigo22, Sara Sedlar22, Samuel Deslauriers-Gauthier22, Ivana Kojcic22, Mauro Zucchelli22, Hiba Laghrissi22, Yang Ji22, Rachid Deriche22, Kurt G Schilling23, Bennett A Landman23,24, Alberto Cacciola25, Gianpaolo Antonio Basile25, Salvatore Bertino25, Nancy Newlin24, Praitayini Kanakaraj24, Francois Rheault24, Patryk Filipiak26, Timothy Shepherd26, Ying-Chia Lin26, Dimitris G Placantonakis27, Fernando E Boada26, Steven H Baete26, Erick Hernández-Gutiérrez16, Alonso Ramírez-Manzanares28, Ricardo Coronado-Leija29, Pablo Stack-Sánchez28, Luis Concha30, Maxime Descoteaux16, Sina Mansour L31,32, Caio Seguin32,33, Andrew Zalesky31,32, Kenji Marshall3,34, Erick J Canales-Rodríguez3, Ye Wu35, Sahar Ahmad35, Pew-Thian Yap35, Antoine Théberge16, Florence Gagnon16, Frédéric Massi16, Juan Luis Villarreal Haro3, Marco Pizzolato3,36, Emmanuel Caruyer4, and Jean-Philippe Thiran1,2,3 | ||
1CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Radiology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, IRISA UMR 6074, Empenn ERL U-1228, Rennes, France, 5A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 6Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, 7Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 8Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 9Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 10Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 11Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 12Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 13Diffusion Imaging and Connectivity Estimation (DICE) Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 14Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 15Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy, 16Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Laboratory (SCIL), Department of Computer Science, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 17Brno Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Department of mathematics, University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic, 18Department of neurosciences, biomedicine and movement sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 19Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 20AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland, 21Laboratorio de Procesado de Imagen (LPI), Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain, 22Athena Project Team, Centre Inria d'Université Côte d'Azur, Sophia Antipolis, France, 23Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 24Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 25Brain Mapping Lab, Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy, 26Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States, 27Department of Neurosurgery, Perlmutter Cancer Center, Neuroscience Institute, Kimmel Center for Stem Cell Biology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States, 28Computer Science Department. Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C., Guanajuato, Mexico, 29Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 30Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, Mexico, 31Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 32Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia, 33The University of Sydney, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sydney, Australia, 34McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 35Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC), The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 36Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark |
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The estimation of structural connectivity from DW-MRI is a challenging task, in part due to false-positive connections. Building on previous efforts, the MICCAI-CDMRI Diffusion-Simulated Connectivity (DiSCo) challenge was organized with the aim of evaluating connectivity methods using large-scale synthetic datasets obtained from DW-MRI Monte-Carlo simulations. The outcome of the challenge suggests that methods selected by the 14 teams participating in the challenge provide both high correlations between estimated and ground-truth connectivity weights and high accuracy in binary connectivity identification. Furthermore, the challenge provided unique data with realistic connectivity and microstructure properties to foster the development of connectivity estimation methods. |
| 2104 | Computer 6
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Fiber coupling (FICO) measure using anisotropic smoothing of track orientation density images for tractogram filtering |
| Dogu Baran Aydogan1 | ||
1A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland |
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Tractography is a powerful tool to study structural connectivity of the brain. However, its accuracy is known to be limited and tractograms are contaminated with large numbers of false positive streamlines. In this work, we propose a novel tractogram filtering approach. Our method leverages the topographic regularity of connections with which nearby streamline tend to follow similar trajectories. With this observation, we introduce an anisotropic smoothing approach for track orientation density images. These images are back projected onto the streamlines, which provides information about fiber-to-bundle coupling (FICO). Streamlines are then filtered by thresholding their FICO value. |
| 2105 | Computer 7
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MP-PCA denoising of complex imaging data for direct visualization of the dentatorubrothalamic tract using diffusion MRI at 3T |
| Benjamin Ades-Aron1, Santiago Coelho1, Gregory Lemberskiy1, Alon Mogilner2, Dmitry S. Novikov1, Timothy M. Shepherd1, and Els Fieremans1 | ||
1Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University, school of medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Neurosurgery, New York University, school of medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Direct visualization of anisotropic structures in the brainstem, basal ganglia and thalamus could improve functional neurosurgery planning and characterize changes associated with pathology, treatment response or side effects. Postmortem MRI microscopy demonstrates the potential for high resolution diffusion MRI to detect such functional organization. However, in vivo signal-to-noise limitations have precluded accurate quantitative diffusion measurements at sufficient spatial resolution for these structures. We demonstrate that MP-PCA denoising of complex dMRI at 1-mm isotropic resolution and b-values up to 2000 s/mm2 enables direct visualization of the dentatorubrothalamic tract, the key white matter pathway for functional neurosurgical treatment of tremor. |
| 2106 | Computer 8
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Q-FiberMapper - A framework for tractography and tractometry of clinical data |
| Tommy Boshkovski1, Guillermo Gallardo1, Oscar Peña-Nogales1, Marc Ramos1, Kire Trivodaliev1, Paulo Rodrigues1, and Vesna Prchkovska1 | ||
1QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain |
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Despite recent advances in tractography, automatically reconstructing brain bundles in clinical settings remains a challenge. Here we present Q-FiberMapper (QFM), a framework that automatically preprocesses clinical data and reconstructs 33 major brain bundles with minimal user intervention. Furthermore, it derives insightful biomarkers and summarizes the findings in a human readable report. We validate QFM using a large cohort of 600 subjects, and show that it correctly reconstructs the shape and lateralization of major white-matter bundles. By simplifying and speeding the process of clinical reconstruction, QFM could help clinicians in the diagnosis and monitoring of brain pathologies. |
| 2107 | Computer 9
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Investigation of the singularity of the chimpanzee brain superficial white matter bundles using diffusion MRI and clustering-based approaches |
| Maëlig Chauvel1, Ivy Uszynski1, Alexandros Popov1, William Hopkins2, Jean-François Mangin1, and Cyril Poupon1 | ||
1BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, United States |
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A way to better appreciate the complex human brain evolution relies on comparative investigations with homologous species. We present here the superficial connectivity organization of the Chimpanzee brain using a combination of image processing and DBSCAN clustering analyzes obtained from 39 chimpanzees DTI scans. The results revealed the presence of U-fiber, V-fiber and Curved-fiber shapes already identified in Human superficial fiber connectivity studies. This non-negligeable short fibers organisation resemblance between Chimpanzees and Humans, brings out new perspectives on hominid brain singularity knowledge. |
| 2108 | Computer 10
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Multi-level fiber tractography in brain tumor patients using functional mapping for seeding |
| Andrey Zhylka1, Josien Pluim1, Florian Kofler2,3,4, Ahmed Radwan5,6, Alberto De Luca7,8, Axel Schroeder9, Benedikt Wiestler2,4, Jan S. Kirschke2,10, Bjoern Menze3,11, Stefan Sunaert5,6,12, Alexander Leemans7, Sandro M. Krieg9,13, and Nico Sollmann2,13,14 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Department of Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 4TranslaTUM - Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 5Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6Department of Neuroscience, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 7Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 8Neurology Department, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 9Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 10TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munic, Munich, Germany, 11Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 12Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 13TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 14Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany |
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Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) motor mapping allows locating function in the individual patient pre-operatively and, to a certain extent, decreases the false-positive rate for fiber tractography. However, the false-negative rate is still high. In this work we evaluate novel multi-level fiber tractography (MLFT) along with conventional deterministic algorithms in patients with motor-eloquent high-grade glioma, combined with nTMS mapping-based region of interest (ROI) placement. The results were compared based on the coverage of nTMS motor maps, revealing reconstruction of the corticospinal tract (CST) with significantly higher volume and better coverage of the eloquent motor cortex for MLFT. |
| 2109 | Computer 11
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Altered rich club organization and dynamic structure-function relationship in treatment-naïve new-onset juvenile myoclonic epilepsy |
| Guangyao Liu1, Hong Liu1, Pengfei Zhang1, Jing Zhang1, and Zhe Zhang2 | ||
1Department of Magnetic Resonance, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China |
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Neuroimaging studies have shown that juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is characterized by impaired brain networks. However, few studies have investigated the potential disruptions in the rich club organization. Our study described the alterations of anatomical rich club organization and abnormalities of dynamic SC-FC coupling in treatment-naïve newly diagnosed JME. The results showed that the anatomical rich club organization was disrupted in the patient group, along with decreased connectivity strength among rich club hub nodes. The aberrant dynamic SC-FC coupling of rich club organization suggests a selective influence of interconnected network core in JME at the early phase of the disease. |
| 2110 | Computer 12
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Cerebellum structural and functional connectivity alteration in relation to freezing of gait in Multiple system atrophy |
| Huaguang Yang1, Weiyin Vivian Liu2, Liang Li1, Zhi Wen1, and Yunfei Zha1 | ||
1Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Cerebellum is responsible for posture and gait control. 67% of patients with multiple system atrophy experienced FOG. Patients with the damaged cerebellar locomotor region had gait-freezing-like symptoms, suggesting that the cerebellum may be involved in the occurrence and development of FOG symptoms. This study suggested that the cerebellum volume atrophy may be involved in FOG development in MSA patients and subsequently induce functional abnormality in the cerebellum-cerebral circuit. This study provided neuroimaging evidence for clinical understanding of cerebellum role in MSA patients with FOG injury. |
| 2111 | Computer 13
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CBV-Based fMRI at 3T with SS-SI-VASO: Multi-Echo DEPICTING vs Multi-Echo EPI |
| Ratnamanjuri Devi1, Toralf Mildner1, Torsten Schlumm1, and Harald E. Möller1 | ||
1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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ME-DEPICTING, a 2D multi-echo readout achieving short echo times was combined with SS-SI-VASO for simultaneous CBV and BOLD measurements at 3T. Results were compared with a traditional ME-EPI readout. Uncorrected time courses of the first echo of ME-DEPICTING demonstrated high sensitivity to functional CBV changes without further BOLD correction, while time courses of S0 and R2* of the multi-echo fit proved almost equivalent for both readouts. Remarkably, a TE dependence was observed in the BOLD-corrected VASO signals obtained by dynamic division with the corresponding control images of VASO indicating a more reliable CBV measure from the S0 fit. |
| 2112 | Computer 14
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Improved digit selectivity using VASO-CBV in 7T digit motor mapping |
| Icaro A.F. Oliveira1,2, Jeroen C.W. Siero1,3, Serge O. Dumoulin1,2,4, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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We used sub-millimeter resolution VASO fMRI at 7T to simultaneously map CBV-VASO and BOLD activation in the sensorimotor and somatosensory cortex during a finger digit mapping task. We reliably showed digit representation maps and quantified digit selectivity for both VASO-CBV and BOLD activations. VASO-CBV demonstrated a higher digit selectivity, confirming the higher spatial specificity of VASO-CBV. |
| 2113 | Computer 15
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Combining the benefits of 3D acquisitions and spiral readouts in VASO fMRI |
| Alejandro Monreal1, Ruoyun Emily Ma1, Renzo Huber1, Denizhan Kurban1, Nicolas Boulant2, and Benedikt A Poser1 | ||
1Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2CEA NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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VASO fMRI can provide beneficial localization specificity and quantifiability compared to the commonly used BOLD contrast. Previous work has also shown the benefits of using spiral readouts compared to Cartesian. In this work, we explore the benefits of 3D stack of spirals readouts and compare it with the current state of the art 3D EPI readouts for VASO fMRI. The sequence implementation is done using Pulseq, images were reconstructed using gpuNUFFT; functional analysis with an openly available pipeline. We find that a tSNR efficiency improvement of a factor of 2.5 over EPI is achieved using the proposed spiral implementation. |
| 2114 | Computer 16
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A novel free-running framework for Blood Oxygen Level Dependent functional MRI |
| Benedetta Franceschiello1,2, Simone Rumac1, Tom Hilbert1,3,4, Christopher W. Roy1, Giulio Degano5, Anna Gaglianese1, Jerome Yerly1,2, Matthias Stuber1,2, Tobias Kober1,3,4, Ruud B. van Heeswijk1, Micah M. Murray1,2,6,7, and Eleonora Fornari1,2,7 | ||
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4LTS5, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 6Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 7These authors provided equal last-authorship contribution, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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We demonstrate the efficacy of a new free-running framework for quantitatively measuring blood-oxygen-level-dependent functional MRI (BOLD-fMRI) signals. Whole-brain data were acquired uninterruptedly during a blocked-design ON/OFF visual paradigm (checkerboard vs. grey image). 5-D volumes were reconstructed (i.e. the three spatial dimensions (x,y,z), the trial dimension (N=33), and the ON vs. OFF dimension (N=2)). BOLD-activated regions were measured as the difference between volumes reconstructed from all read-outs acquired during the ON vs. OFF condition, rather than resulting from a canonical, model-based, GLM analysis. The framework enables high temporal T2* k-space sampling and opens up new horizons for BOLD-fMRI. |
| 2115 | Computer 17
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Detection of fast responses in diffusion fMRI of the human visual cortex through reduced vascular contamination |
| Shota Hodono1,2, Jonathan R Polimeni3,4, and Martijn A Cloos1,2 | ||
1Centre for Advanced Imaging,The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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A key feature of the diffusion-weighted fMRI ( |
| 2116 | Computer 18
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Convolutional neural network predicts task fMRI working memory scores and enables further understanding of working memory network |
| Mario Serrano-Sosa1, Jared X. Van Snellenberg1,2,3, and Chuan Huang1,2,4 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Interpretable Deep Learning(DL) models are the next step in establishing DL prediction models as accepted tools that provide researchers with data-driven methods to further understand neuroimaging data. In this work, we developed two interpretable DL models to predict Working Memory(WM) scores from task fMRI data to assess neural circuitry pertaining to WM; wherein a traditional Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)(1-3) contained fMRI activation data from cortical vertices as a single image, and the second contained cortical activation data from both hemispheres as separate channels. Overall, the interpretable DL model provided high quality saliency maps potentially displaying novel regions pertaining to WM. |
| 2117 | Computer 19
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Effects of Autonomic Activity on Brain Fluid Pulsations |
| Pinar S Özbay1, Dante Picchioni1, Hendrik Mandelkow1, Jacco A de Zwart1, Yicun Wang1, Peter van Gelderen1, and Jeff Duyn1 | ||
1NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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According to recent research, slow waves may increase metabolic waste clearance during sleep, possibly through cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pulsatile movement. Pulsations can also be caused by direct pressure effects from the cardiac and respiratory cycles, such as deep breaths. To examine this possibility, we designed a cued deep breathing experiment, which was previously demonstrated to result in widespread fMRI global signal reductions. In this work, our findings point to an alternative pathway for the creation of CSF pulsations that relies on autonomic changes rather than sleep. |
| 2118 | Computer 20
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Temporal properties of fast BOLD fMRI responses in veins and parenchyma |
| Daniel E. P. Gomez1,2,3, Nina E. Fultz1,2,4, Jonathan R. Polimeni1,3,5, and Laura D. Lewis2 | ||
1Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Harvard-MIT Division of Life Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signals can produce much faster (>0.2Hz) responses than predicted by canonical hemodynamic response models. The timing of hemodynamic responses depends on vascular anatomy, and whether these fast responses differ in veins and parenchyma is unknown. Linear models predict that with faster stimuli, venous responses should attenuate more than the parenchyma. We tested this hypothesis by imaging visual responses at high spatial resolution with 7T fMRI. We found that both veins and parenchyma produce larger fMRI responses to fast stimuli than predicted by linear models, suggesting that faster stimuli produce narrower hemodynamic responses in both compartments. |
| 2119 | Computer 21
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Understanding the effect of noise on cognition using attention framework Navon task |
| S Senthil Kumaran1, Himanshu Singh1, and A Ankeeta1 | ||
1Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Cognitive studies using functional imaging are inherently associated with nonstimulant noise in MRI. Dissociating the noise aspect in functional imaging from cognitive traits is crucial in delineating auditory cognition. This study explores the association of noise in auditory cognition studies. we designed a functional Navon task paradigm with introduction of pink noise characteristics modelled as part of its memory phase. Variation of noise induced the cognitive masking associated with characteristics of stimuli across the local and global suppression. |
| 2120 | Computer 22
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Reducing Between-Subject Variability in Stimulus-Evoked BOLD fMRI Using Breath Hold-Derived Vascular Covariates |
| Emma Biondetti1,2, Antonio Maria Chiarelli1,2, Ilona Lipp3,4, Rachael Stickland3,5, Alessandro Villani1,2, Eleonora Patitucci3, Valentina Tomassini1,2,6,7,8, and Richard Wise1,2 | ||
1Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, 2Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, 3Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive & Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 5Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 6MS Centre, Neurology Unit, SS. Annunziata University Hospital, Chieti, Italy, 7Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 8Helen Durham Centre for Neuroinflammation, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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The representation of changes in neural activity by blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI is affected by vascular properties including cerebral blood volume (CBV) and cerebral vascular reactivity (CVR). Here, we investigate these factors using a breath-hold BOLD fMRI experiment. We show that a group-level correction of the stimulus-evoked BOLD fMRI signal by these vascular properties reduces between-subject variability and improves sensitivity to the task response. Notably, correcting with a marker of relative CBV does not require individual recordings of exhaled carbon dioxide (in contrast with CVR) and resulted in the highest increase in sensitivity to the task. |
| 2121 | Computer 23
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Comparison of different multiband acceleration factors on rhyming-task fMRI on a compact 3T scanner |
| Zaki Ahmed1, Kirk M Welker1, Maria A Halverson1, Nolan K Meyer1, Daehun Kang1, Myung-Ho In1, Erin M Gray1, David F Black1, Joshua D Trzasko1, John Huston III1, Matt A Bernstein1, and Yunhong Shu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Multiband acquisition can improve the temporal resolution of task-based fMRI at the cost of increased noise and artifacts. The optimal multiband acceleration depends on the task being studied, specific imaging protocol, and hardware involved. In the current work, multiband acceleration factors of 4, 5, and 6 were compared for a rhyming-task fMRI study using a 32-channel head coil on a compact 3T scanner with high-performance gradients. Multiband factors of 4 and 6 provided significant improvement over no acceleration, whereas a multiband factor of 5 was inconsistent and did not provide a significant improvement in half of the volunteer cohort. |
| 2122 | Computer 24
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The role of Cerebellum in a visuomotor task: A Dynamic Causal Modeling approach |
| Roberta Maria Lorenzi1, Adnan Alahmadi2,3, Letizia Casiraghi1,4, Anita Monteverdi1,5, Egidio D'Angelo1,5, Fulvia Palesi1, and Claudia AM Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,3,5 | ||
1Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied medical sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 3NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 4Department of Mental Health and Dependence, ASST of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 5Brain Connectivity Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Dynamic Causal Modelling(DCM) is a framework enabling the quantification of the causal relationship between functionally connected brain regions. Here we included the cerebellum in a visuomotor network to investigate its role in motion prediction and how different Grip-Force levels modulate the effective connectivity between cerebellum and primary visual cortex. We estimated different DCMs models and we used Bayesian Models Selection to assess the best model at group-level. This study paves the way for investigating the source of BOLD non-linearities when applying different grip-forces in terms of modulations of the cerebro-cerebellar connections. |
| 2123 | Computer 25
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Olfactory Signal processing in functional MRI oddball task |
| Prasanna Karunanayaka1, Andréa Hobkirk2, Jianli Wang1, Rommy Elyan1, Lauren Spreen3, Ran Pang4, Samgan Kanekar1, and Qing Yang4 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Department of Psychiatry, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Department of Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States |
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Odor-identification is thought to be subserved by a distributed brain network that includes both the medial and inferior temporal lobes, still, its neural substrate remains poorly understood. Odor identification deficits are one of the hallmark symptoms of early Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we propose the development of an oddball olfactory fMRI paradigm to establish the neural basis of odor-identification in healthy subjects. This task may provide a basis for establishing relationships between olfactory deficits, neurodegeneration, and memory impairment for current AD research. |
| 2188 | Computer 1
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Ultra-high resolution human functional imaging using 10.5 Tesla |
| Luca Vizioli1,2, Steen Moeller1, Andrea Grant1, Nader Tavaf1, Alireza Sadeghi-Tarakameh1, Yigitcan Eryaman1, Jerahmie Radder1, Russell Lagore1, Pierre-François Van de Moortele1, Edward Auerbach1, Gregor Adriany1, Essa Yacoub1, and Kamil Ugurbil1 | ||
1CMRR, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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With the development of accelerated acquisition protocols, it is possible to achieve functional brain mapping with submillimeter resolution. This permits studying the human brain at the mesoscopic scale. Typical submillimeter images measure 0.8 mm. isotropic voxels, barely enough to study human functional mesoscopic responses. Here we acquire functional images at 10.5 T with the unprecedented spatial resolution of 0.4 mm. isotropic voxels. Using NORDIC to suppress thermal noise, we demonstrate the feasibility of achieving meaningful brain mapping at these ultra-high resolutions, where single voxels contains but a few thousand cells, further bridging the gap between fMRI and optical imaging |
| 2189 | Computer 2
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Combining Arterial Blood Contrast with BOLD improves fMRI laminar specificity. |
| Nikos Priovoulos1, Icaro Agenor Ferreira de Oliveira1, Benedikt A Poser2, David Norris3, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Center for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2MR-Methods group, MBIC, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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BOLD fMRI is widely applied in human neuroscience, but is limited in its spatial specificity compared to cerebral blood volume approaches due to its venous bias. Here we added cerebral blood-volume weighting based on magnetization transfer (Arterial Blood Contrast) to a BOLD submillimeter acquisition at 7T. Adding Arterial Blood Contrast helped differentiate the deep and superficial cortical responses in the human primary motor cortex. The results suggest that combining Arterial Blood Contrast with BOLD can improve the fMRI spatial specificity while retaining high sensitivity. |
| 2190 | Computer 3
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Laminar fMRI with MT-prepared multi-echo 3D FLASH |
| Viktor Pfaffenrot1,2 and Peter J. Koopmans1,2 | ||
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 2High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany |
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The GRE-BOLD contrast used in laminar fMRI suffers from suboptimal specificity due to extravascular effects around large veins. CBV-weighting offers improved specificity with signal changes being more confined to microvasculature. CBV-weighting can be achieved through saturation of gray matter signal with magnetization transfer. We use a multi-echo FLASH sequence at 7 Tesla, with and without MT preparation to investigate its feasibility at ultrahigh field. We analyze the TE dependence to determine when the BOLD T2’-effects start to dominate the MT-weighted signal changes. The MTprep profiles exhibit a stronger signal change in gray matter at short TEs and reduced extravascular effects. |
| 2191 | Computer 4
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Laminar VASO fMRI in hand dystonia patients |
| Silvina G Horovitz1, Panagiotis Kassavetis1,2, Mark Hallett1, and Renzo Huber3 | ||
1HMCS, NINDS - NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Neurology, University of Utah Health, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 3Psychology and Neuroscienc, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Mesoscopic fMRI with CBV-sensitive VASO can be a valuable tool for research questions on affected neural processing in patients suffering from neurological diseases. However, its applicability in patient populations remains unclear and is challenged by multiple methodological constraints. Here, we seek to use finger tapping tasks in hand dystonia patients to map affected topographical and laminar fMRI features. Specifically, we described the input-dominated laminar input-output circuits in the primary motor system as well as the ‘scrambled’ finger representations in the somatosensory areas. We built and validated an acquisition and analyses setup for laminar and columnar mapping in patient populations. |
| 2192 | Computer 5
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Using ultra-high field fMRI to uncover depth-dependent activation in the ventral temporal lobe |
| Logan T Dowdle1, Geoffrey Ghose2, Clark Chen1, Kâmil Uğurbil3, Essa Yacoub3, and Luca Vizioli1 | ||
1Neurosurgery, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Neurosciences, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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We used 7T BOLD functional imaging to acquire 0.7mm voxels and the thermal noise suppression technique NORDIC to evaluate depth-dependent, task related top-down modulations. Four participants viewed face stimuli and performed either a face or fixation task (identical stimuli). We compared depth-dependent task modulations in the primary visual cortex (V1) and fusiform face area (FFA). We found that, relative to the fixation task, face detection led to larger modulations in outer relative to inner layers in the FFA, and the inverse pattern in V1. This is a critical step towards using laminar analyses to examine hierarchical or distributed cognitive processes. |
| 2193 | Computer 6
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Laminar and columnar functional organization of human area MT using VASO at 7T |
| Alessandra Pizzuti1,2, Renzo Huber1, Omer Faruk Gulban1,2, Amaia Benitez-Andonegui1,3, Judith Peters1, and Rainer Goebel1,2 | ||
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Brain Innovation, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3National Institutes of Mental Health, MEG Core Facility, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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We investigate the feasibility of using CBV-sensitive VASO fMRI at ultra-high field to study the selective columnar organization to axes of motion stimuli in human area MT. For 5 subjects we found:
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| 2194 | Computer 7
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CBV-sensitive layer-fMRI in the human auditory cortex at 7T: Challenges and capabilities |
| Lonike K. Faes1, Omer Faruk Gulban1,2, Benedikt A. Poser1, Federico De Martino1, and Renzo Huber1 | ||
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Brain Innovation, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Laminar-specific fMRI with CBV-sensitive VASO is valuable for neuroscientific questions on hierarchical information processing. While VASO fMRI has already proven its utility in other brain areas, it has not yet been successfully applied in the auditory cortex due to several additional technical challenges in this region. Here, we explore multiple sequences and their effectiveness to mitigate these challenges. Our purpose is to develop an experimental setup that future neuroscientific studies can be built on. Ultimately, we found a stable parameter set for the usage of layer-fMRI VASO in the auditory cortex and validated it in a group of participants. |
| 2195 | Computer 8
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Prospective motion correction in multi-echo line-scanning fMRI at 7T: sequence implementation and strategies for functional data analysis |
| Luisa Raimondo1, Nikos Priovoulos1, Jurjen Heij1, Tomas Knapen1,2, Serge O Dumoulin1, Jeroen JW Siero1,3, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Radiology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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We implemented prospective motion-correction (PMC) for line-scanning fMRI. In line-scanning, online motion correction is needed since 1-dimensional data do not allow motion detection in every dimension and the limited coverage makes this approach sensitive to spin-history artifacts or scanning outside the area of interest, in the presence of motion. We compared three versions of PMC and three ways of managing the T1-driven return to equilibrium (T1-transient) introduced by the navigators, in the functional data analysis. We opted for a water-excitation navigator as the best alternative, and showed that the T1-transient can be successfully overcome in the functional analysis. |
| 2196 | Computer 9
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Laminar layer 7T fMRI-EEG reveals human alpha oscillations are predominately from superficial and deep layers |
| Daniel C. Marsh1, Rodika Sokoliuk2, Kevin M. Aquino3,4, Daisie O. Pakenham5, Ross Wilson2, Rosa Sanchez Panchuelo6, Sebastian C. Coleman1, Matthew J Brookes1, Simon Hanslmayr7, Stephen D. Mayhew2, Susan T Francis1, and Karen J Mullinger1,2 | ||
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 3School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 4Turner Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 5Clinical Neurophysiology, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 6Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 7Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging,College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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EEG alpha (8-13Hz) oscillations occur throughout the cortex but the generating mechanisms are poorly understood. Opinion is divided between alpha being driven by bottom-up, top-down or both of these processes. Using simultaneous 7T-fMRI-EEG with an eyes open/closed paradigm, we assess the generator of alpha by performing layer-fMRI analysis of GE-BOLD data to determine the strongest BOLD-alpha negative layer correlations. We show that, after accounting for draining vein effects using spatial deconvolution, alpha-BOLD correlations are strongest in the superficial and deep layers suggesting they are predominately driven by top-down processes. |
| 2197 | Computer 10
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Cortical-depth dependent functional connectivity at the human auditory cortex during the resting state and under complex naturalistic stimuli |
| Hsin-Ju Lee1,2, Hankyeol Lee3, Kamil Uludag3,4, Jyrki Ahveninen5, and Fa-Hsuan Lin1,2 | ||
1Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 4Techna Institute & Koerner Scientist in MR Imaging, Joint Department of Medical Imaging and Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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We explored the functional connectivity of the human auditory cortex with cortical depth analysis and compared music listening and the resting state using 7T fMRI with 0.8 mm isotropic resolution. Tonotopic maps, principal component analysis, and seed-based correlation revealed network topologies and suggested functions supporting feed-forward and feed-back processing. The feed-forward process is manifested by the reduced correlation to the contralateral auditory cortex during music-listening at the intermediate cortical depths. The feed-back processing is associated with a network like the tonotopic organization, which was stable between the resting and music listening but more correlated with the contralateral auditory cortex. |
| 2198 | Computer 11
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Population-receptive field size estimates are biased by acquisition and preprocessing parameters: a 7T fMRI study |
| Christian Windischberger1, David Linhardt1, Tessa Angerer1, Maximilian Pawloff2, Markus Ritter2, and Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth2 | ||
1High Field MR Center, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria, 2Department of Ophtalmology, Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria |
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Population receptive field (pRF) mapping is an advanced retinotopic mapping approach. While the size of pRFs has been identified as an important neurophysiological feature, remarkable differences in the pRF sizes across studies has been reported. In this study, we examine the effects of difference in spatial resolution on the pRF size obtained in a group of ten healthy subjects at 7T. Our results clearly show that the amount of spatial dependence between voxels in the visual cortex has a direct effect for the pRF sizes calculated. We can assume similar effects in data sets acquired at different spatial resolutions. |
| 2199
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Computer 12
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Neurophysiological source of laminar fMRI |
| Won Beom Jung1, Haiyan Jiang1,2, and Seong-Gi Kim1,2 | ||
1Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Layer-dependent fMRI mapping provides insights to understand the directional information flow within brain networks. However, it is unknown whether larimar fMRI responses allows discrimination of activation to cortical input and/or output. To determine neuronal source of hemodynamic fMRI signals, we investigated the somatosensory-evoked laminar fMRI responses and cortical depth-dependent electrophysiological activities in the mouse cortex. |
| 2200 | Computer 13
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Thalamic and cortical input layers in the somatomotor cortex detected by laminar fMRI in non-human primates at 7T |
| Sangyun Kang1, Min-Jun Han1,2, Seong-Gi Kim1,2, and Eunha Baeg1 | ||
1IBS Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Laminar fMRI has been increasingly used in humans, but its validity needs to be thoroughly confirmed in primate brains. Here, we investigated thalamic and cortical inputs to the somatomotor cortex in the rhesus monkey by adopting tactile stimulation and electrical microstimulation. Compared to 7T BOLD signals, MION-induced CBV-weighted fMRI faithfully captures input layer activities, like the sensory thalamus input to the middle layer and the dense cortical connections in the superficial layers. Taken together, our CBV-weighted fMRI signals revealed different input layers to the somatomotor cortex with high specificity and sensitivity. |
| 2265 | Computer 1
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Brain-wide olfactory aberrations in a Parkinson’s Disease mouse model revealed by functional MRI |
| Ruxanda Lungu1, Francisca F Fernandes1, Tiago Fleming Outeiro2, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Shemesh Lab, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Experimental Neurodegeneration, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany |
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with irreparable damage to dopaminergic neurons in brain areas involved in movement. Frequently, a very early symptom is an impaired sense of smell, but the associated brain-wide mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report on aberrations in BOLD-fMRI responses along olfactory pathway in a PD mouse model. We find decreased activation, especially in the main olfactory bulb, olfactory tubercle and piriform cortex in PD mice when compared to healthy controls upon olfactory stimulation. |
| 2266 | Computer 2
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High reproducibility of sandwich spatial saturation neuromelanin imaging (sandwichNM): multicenter and test-retest results |
| Sooyeon Ji1, Eun-Jung Choi1, Beomseok Sohn2, Eung Yeop Kim3, Kyoungwon Baik2, Na-Young Shin4, Won-Jin Moon5, Seongbeom Park6, Soohwa Song6, Phil Hyu Lee7, Dong Hoon Shin6, and Jongho Lee1 | ||
1Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Department Radiology, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Heuron Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 7Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The reproducibility of the recently proposed sandwich spatial saturation neuromelanin (sandwichNM) imaging, which uses product sequences, is evaluated by a multi-center/multi-vendor traveling-subject study. Additionally, test-retest scans acquiring data in two different days are performed and evaluated. When compared to a conventional MT-weighted GRE NM imaging method, sandwichNM demonstrates higher contrast ratios and smaller variations across scanners, and higher intra-class coefficient and lower coefficient of variation in the test and retest scans, revealing higher reproducibility over the conventional method. |
| 2267 | Computer 3
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Brain correlates of voice disorders in early Parkinson’s disease |
| Laetitia Jeancolas1,2, Sandy Mournet1,2,3,4, Cécile Gallea1,2, Emma Biondetti1,2, Graziella Mangone3,5,6, Lydia Chougar1,2,3,4, Nicolas Villain7, Rahul Gaurav1,2, Habib Benali8, Badr-Eddine Benkelfat9, Isabelle Arnulf3,10, Marie-Odile Habert3,11, Dijana Petrovska-Delacrétaz9, Marie Vidailhet2,3,6, Jean-Christophe Corvol3,5,6, and Stéphane Lehéricy1,2,3,4 | ||
1Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche – CENIR, Institut du Cerveau – ICM, Paris, France, 2Team “Movement Investigations and Therapeutics”(MOV'IT), Institut du Cerveau – ICM, Paris, France, 3Sorbonne University, Inserm, CNRS, Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Paris, France, 4Department of Neuroradiology, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, 5Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, INSERM, Paris, France, 6Department of Neurology, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, 7AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, 8PERFORM Centre, Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 9Laboratoire SAMOVAR, Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Paris, France, 10Sleep disorders unit, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, 11Department of Nuclear Medicine, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France |
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We studied the neural mechanisms underlying Parkinson’s disease (PD) speech impairments. We assessed the relationships between the speech impairment in PD and changes in the nigrostriatal system (DAT imaging and neuromelanin-sensitive MRI) and in resting state fMRI functional connectivity within cortical language networks. Patients presented speech alterations depending on gender. Dopaminergic loss in the striatum as well as functional connectivity between the basal ganglia and the cortex were related to PD speech impairments in men, whereas in women only functional connectivity seemed to play a role in PD speech deterioration. |
| 2268 | Computer 4
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Brain Surface Area Alterations Correlate with Gait Impairments in Parkinson’s Disease |
| Xuan Wei1 and Jinxia Zhu2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China |
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In this study, we used surface-based morphometry analysis to evaluate the correlation between structural alterations in the brains of Parkinson’s disease (PD) subjects, impaired cognition, and gait. Our results showed that cortical surface area in the left lateral temporal cortex (LTC) and right inferior parietal cortex (IPC) was significantly larger in the PD subjects compared to the healthy subjects. Furthermore, these cortical structural changes were associated with gait impairments in the PD subjects. Therefore, surface area-based analysis is a useful tool for assessing progression of gait impairments in PD subjects. |
| 2269 | Computer 5
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Thalamic volume and lateralization on Parkinson Disease associated with cognitive and motor deficits |
| Vicente Jose Ferrer-Gallardo1, Teresa Esteban-Peñalba2, César Caballero-Gaudes1, and Pedro M Paz-Alonso2 | ||
1Signal processing in neuroimaging, Basque Center on Cognition Brain and language, San Sebastian, Spain, 2Language and memory control, Basque Center on Cognition Brain and language, San Sebastian, Spain |
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This study sheds light on the relationship between the thalamic nuclei volume and their lateralization with cognitive and motor scores in PD. Two partial least squares analyses were performed between the volume or laterality indexes of all nuclei and clinical and cognitive scores. Cognitive deficits in semantic fluency and symbols and digits tests in PD are related to ventral, central and medial thalamic nuclei rather than to specific nuclei differences, except for the right-AV. Motor deterioration seems to be reflected in specific lateralization of the medial and pulvinar areas. |
| 2270 | Computer 6
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Evaluating iron overload in Nigrosome 1 via Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping at 7T in prodromal stages of Parkinson’s disease |
| Marta Lancione1,2, Graziella Donatelli2,3, Eleonora Del Prete4, Nicole Campese4, Daniela Frosini4, Matteo Cencini1,2, Mauro Costagli1,5, Giacomo Lucchi6, Michela Tosetti1,2, Massimiliano Godani7, Dario Arnaldi5,8, Michele Terzaghi9,10, Claudio Pacchetti11, Pietro Cortelli12,13, Enrica Bonanni4, Roberto Ceravolo4, and Mirco Cosottini6 | ||
1IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy, 2Imago7 Research Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 3Neuroradiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy, 4Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 5Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Sciences (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, 6Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 7Neurology Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Spezia, Italy, 8IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy, 9Unit of Sleep Medicine and Epilepsy, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 10Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 11Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 12Clinica Neurologica Rete Metropolitana, IRCCS Istituto Scienze Neurologiche Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 13Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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iRBD is a prodromal stage of α-synucleinopathies, like PD. Iron deposition is increased in the substantia nigra of PD patients, mainly in Nigrosome-1 (N1). Here, we estimated N1 iron content in PD, iRBD patients and healthy controls using QSM at 7T to investigate group differences and correlation with disease duration. PD patients showed increased N1 susceptibility compared to controls and iRBD patients but no correlation with disease duration. N1 susceptibility in iRBD patients was not different from controls but correlated with disease duration. Hence, in prodromal stages of α-synucleinopathies, QSM can reveal progressive N1 iron accumulation as the disease evolves. |
| 2271 | Computer 7
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Diffusion MRI Connectometry with Motor and Cognitive Deficits of Pedunculopontine Nucleus Cholinergic Projections in Parkinson’s Disease |
| Pohchoo Seow1, Yao-Chia Shih2, Septian Hartono3, Weiling Lee1, Say Lee Chong1, Celeste Yan Teng Chen 4, Eng King Tan3, and Ling Ling Chan1 | ||
1Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 2Graduate Institution of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan, Taiwan, 3Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 4Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore |
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Altered brain cholinergic activity has gained attention in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the effects of cholinergic dysregulation on motor and cognitive functions remain unclear. This is partly contributed by the limited capability of conventional MRI techniques to detect microstructural changes in the deep brain. We evaluated the cholinergic projections in 36 PD patients and 58 asymptomatic healthy controls using diffusion MRI connectometry. Local diffusion changes in the cholinergic projections showed significant correlations to motor onset, and clinical motor scores in PD compared to control subjects. Our results suggest underlying neuronal inflammation and compensatory mechanisms in early PD-related neural dysfunction. |
| 2272 | Computer 8
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Structural and functional correlates of disinhibited behaviors in Essential Tremor |
| Megan Aumann1, Tony Phan1, Kilian Hett1, Ryan Darby1, and Daniel Claassen1 | ||
1Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Emerging evidence has implicated the cerebellum in not just motor, but cognitive and behavioral roles in the brain. Previous research in cerebellar diseases have reported impulsive behaviors, but it is unknown if Essential Tremor (ET) patients present with these behaviors and where they localize. Here, in 105 ET patients, we measured disinhibition using the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe) and assessed the relationship between disinhibition scores and grey matter volume in the cerebellum, as well as functional correlates of disinhibition-related grey matter atrophy. These results are the first to evaluate neurobiological changes associated with disinhibition in ET. |
| 2273 | Computer 9
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Automated 3D MRI Decision Tree to guide referral and diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders |
| Jisoo Kim1, Andrew S Willett2, Grace F Crotty3, Merlyne Mesidor2, Camden Bay4, Xiaoyin Xu5, Lei Qin6, Vikram Khurana2, and Geoffrey S Young1 | ||
1Neuroradiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Movement Disorders Division, Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Center for Clinical Investigation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5Diagnostic Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 6Imaging, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States |
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For screening and diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian/cerebellar subtypes (MSA-P/MSA-C), we propose a two-step decision tree using a novel MRI biomarker and volumetric measures. MRIs from 50 MSA-C, 22 MSA-P, 50 PSP, 50 PD, and 172 age/legal-sex-matched control were used for fully automated volumetric analysis of the brain and brainstem. Sensitivity/specificity for diseased vs control was 90.1/90.7%. Then, a comprehensive tree with the diseased group yielded sensitivity/specificity of 81.9/93.0% (MSA), 94.0/88.5% (MSA-C), 54.5/96.0% (MSA-P), 74.0/86.0% (PD), 76.0/98.4% (PSP). We provide a reproducible and specific diagnostic tool for screening and initial differential diagnosis. |
| 2274 | Computer 10
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7T resting state connectivity applied to HIFU procedures for planning and efficacy |
| Mark Lowe1, Jian Lin1, Ajay Nemani1, Sean Nagel2, and Stephen Jones1 | ||
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) in now entering clinical practice, for example to treat essential tremor by causing small lesions in the thalamus. Due to small size of treatment lesions, treatment success depends critically on targeting, which is classically done using measurements and landmarks. We explore an alternative method using functional imaging to guide targeting, specifically using 7T resting state connectivity. We present preliminary data of the patterns of connectivity possible with 7T using a concatenated series of 18 healthy subjects. |
| 2275 | Computer 11
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Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping in cognitively impaired and intact elderly |
| Junghun Cho1, Gloria C Chiang1, Jonathan Dyke1, Hang Zhang2, Qihao Zhang2, Michael Tokov3, Thanh D Nguyen1, Pascal Spincemaille1, Ilhami Kovanlikaya1, Michael Amoashiy4, Mony de Leon1, and Yi Wang1,2 | ||
1Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 3College of Osteopathic Medicine, New York Institute of Technology, Glen Head, NY, United States, 4Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Cerebral metabolic dysfunction is known to underlie cognitive impairment. This study using a novel challenge-free MRI-based oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping method, namely “QQ”, demonstrated that lower OEF in white matter and hippocampus was associated with greater white matter hyperintensities in cognitively impaired, but not cognitively intact, elderly, whereas older age was association with decreased OEF in cortical gray matter in the cognitively intact. This study suggests that QQ-based OEF mapping may be a useful tool readily and widely available for investigating metabolic dysfunction underlying dementia. |
| 2276 | Computer 12
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Assessment of white matter changes associated with neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and early Parkinson’s disease |
| Maurizio Bergamino1, Sana Aslam2, Holly A Shill 2, and Ashley M Stokes1 | ||
1Neuroimaging Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Muhammad Ali Parkinson Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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The objective of this study was to assess white matter integrity in both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and early Parkinson’s disease (PD) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics and connectivity analysis. Single-shell DTI data were obtained from open-source databases for AD and PD. |
| 2277 | Computer 13
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Fine-grained characterisation of white matter microstructural abnormality in the pathophysiological cascade of Alzheimer’s disease |
| Christopher S Parker1, Hui Zhang1, and Neil P Oxtoby1 | ||
1Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom |
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White matter (WM) microstructure abnormalities have been observed in prodromal and manifest Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the precise nature and sequence of WM neurodegeneration across the disease course is unclear. Here, we leverage state-of-the-art disease progression modelling to sequence WM microstructure abnormalities in AD, as quantified by diffusion MRI in the ADNI study. We observe WM abnormalities among the earliest AD structural abnormalities and characterise the precise sequence of WM neurodegeneration. This fine-grained approach may be used to identify subjects at early disease stages for participation in therapeutic clinical trials.
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Automatic DTI measures in the superficial white matter associated with cognitive decline and CSF amyloid-β42 in neurodegenerative dementia |
| Valeria Elisa Contarino1, Silvia Siggillino1, Andrea Arighi1, Elisa Scola1, Giorgio Giulio Fumagalli1, Giorgio Conte1,2, Emanuela Rotondo1, Daniela Galimberti1, Anna Margherita Pietroboni1, Tiziana Carandini1, Alexander Leemans3, Anna Maria Bianchi4, and Fabio Maria Triulzi1,2 | ||
1Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Milano, Italy, 2Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, 3Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy |
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies showed superficial white matter (SWM) alterations in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study aims to investigate the relationship between DTI in the SWM and CSF biomarkers in neurodegenerative dementia (ND). 93 ND patients were retrospectively recruited and images were processed for automatic segmentation of lobar white matter and Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Spearman’s correlation tests were performed between lobar DTI measures in the SWM, CSF biomarkers and clinical data. DTI measures in the SWM strongly correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and amyloid-β42 suggesting SWM DTI as a candidate in-vivo non-invasive clinical and preclinical biomarker. |
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Longitudinal Assessment of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted MRI (IVIM-DWI) Metrics in Alzheimer’s Disease |
| Maurizio Bergamino1, Lori Steffes2, Anna Burke3, Leslie C Baxter4, Richard J Caselli4, Marwan N Sabbagh5, and Ashley M Stokes1 | ||
1Neuroimaging Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 21Neuroimaging Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 3Division of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 5Alzheimer's and Memory Disorders Division, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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The objective of this pilot study was to assess the complementary brain microstructural and perfusion changes using the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the intravoxel incoherent motion-diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) parameters in a group of cognitively impaired people over a period of 12 months. Additionally, voxel-based correlations between cognitive assessment scores and DWI imaging parameters were evaluated. |
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Improved 7T High-Resolution Human Hippocampal Imaging with Multi-Frequency Magnetization Transfer (MFMT) |
| Ronald J Beyers1 and Thomas Denney1 | ||
1MRI Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn University, AL, United States |
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other cognitive debilitating disease drive the need to improve neuro 7T MRI methods. We developed a multi-frequency magnetization transfer (MFMT) method for contrast improvement in 7T 3D MRI of the human hippocampus. MFMT applied to healthy volunteers demonstrated a 2.05 (p < 0.003) factor improvement in hippocampal contrast. |
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REPRODUCIBILITY OF 7T MEASUREMENTS OF THE SUSCEPTIBILITY AND VOLUME OF HIPPOCAMPAL SUBFIELDS |
| Oluwatobi Folorunsho Adeyemi1,2, Olivier Mougin1, Penny Gowland1, Richard Bowtell1, and Akram Hosseini3 | ||
1University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria, 3Nottingham University Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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This study provides an assessment of the level of reproducibility of measurements of the magnetic susceptibility of the hippocampal sub-fields that can achieved at 7T in a group of healthy volunteers using high-resolution QSM in conjunction with ASHS segmentation. The 2 to 4 ppb range of the values of the average standard deviation of repeated measurements characterises the minimum level of susceptibility change that could be reliably assessed in longitudinal studies, such as those evaluating changes in the iron content of the hippocampal sub-fields in Alzheimer’s disease. |
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Comparison of vein diameter and susceptibility values in individuals with and without APOE ε4 allele |
| Julia Huck1,2, Nathan Spreng3,4,5, Brittany Intzandt1,2,6,7, PREVENT-AD Research Group8, Sylvia Villeneuve5,9, Mallar Chakravarty9, Pierre-Louis Bazin10,11,12, and Claudine Gauthier1,2,7 | ||
1Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Centre de Recherche de l’Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8StoP-AD Centre, Douglas Mental Health Institute Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 9Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 10Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 11Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brian Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 12Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brian Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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Previous studies have shown an increase in oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we investigate if vein diameters and susceptibility values measured with quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM), can be used as a biomarker in individuals with the APOE ε4 allele, which confers an increased risk of developing AD for detecting early changes in venous and metabolic properties. |
| 2283 | Computer 19
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Prediction of MCI conversion using sulcal morphometry |
| Giovanni Sighinolfi1, Micaela Mitolo2,3, Fabrizio Pizzagalli4, Raffaele Lodi1,2, Michelangelo Stanzani-Maserati5, Daniel Remondini6, Sabina Capellari1,5, Rocco Liguori1,5, Caterina Tonon1,2, and Claudia Testa2,6 | ||
1Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 2Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 3Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 4Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Torino, Italy, 5UOC Clinica Neurologica, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 6Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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We investigated the capabilities of brain sulcal morphometry and cortical thickness (CT) to predict the conversion from MCI stage to AD and explored the correlation with neuropsychological performance. Sulcal surface, mean depth, length and width were analysed. The width showed the best capability to discriminate between HC, MCI and AD (also in comparison to CT), and was able to distinguish at baseline converter MCI from non-converter MCI. Moreover, the width of specific frontal sulci correlated with memory and language performance. Sulcal morphometry emerged as a useful tool, capable of providing potential biomarkers for MCI conversion. |
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Parkinson’s disease local atrophies measured in the striatum in vivo explain patients’ asymmetric motor symptoms and dopamine loss |
| Elior Drori1, Shai Berman1, and Aviv Mezer1 | ||
1The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel |
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The striatum is a heterogeneous brain structure with microstructural gradients along its main axes. Changes in its organization are associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Yet the spatial variability in the human striatum is not well characterized and is mostly limited to animal and postmortem studies. We developed a non-invasive MRI method for measurement of microstructural gradients along axes of the striatum in individuals in vivo. Using clinical data, we found a T1w/T2 gradient along the anterior-posterior axis of the putamen, which is decreased in PD. This decrease explains the patients’ asymmetries in dopamine loss and motor symptoms. |
| 2373 | Computer 2
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Observing hyperintensity region within substantia nigra in cynomolgus monkey |
| Chungseok Oh1, Chang-Yeop Jeon2, Jincheol Seo2, Hyeong-Geol Shin1, Sooyeon Ji1, Seongbeom Park3, Soohwa Song3, Dong Hoon Shin3, Youngjeon Lee2, and Jongho Lee1 | ||
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Korea, Republic of, 3Heuron Co.,Ltd, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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In this study, a hyperintensity region within substantia nigra is explored in cynomolgus monkeys over a wide range of ages. This region is similar to that of humans, which is often called as a swallow tail sign in healthy subjects. This nigral hyperintensity appears consistently in SMWI, QSM, and T2*-weighted images, particularly in aged animals. |
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Nigral Neuromelanin MRI Changes in Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Using Deep Learning |
| Rahul Gaurav1,2, Romain Valabrègue2, Nadya Pyatigorskaya1,2,3, Graziella Mangone4, Smaranda Leu-Semenescu5, Jean-Christophe Corvol4,6, Marie Vidailhet1,6, Isabelle Arnulf1,5, and Stephane Lehericy1,2,3 | ||
1Movement Investigations and Therapeutics Team (MOV’IT), Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France, 2CENIR, Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France, 3Department of Neuroradiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France, 4INSERM, Clinical Investigation Center for Neurosciences (CIC), Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Paris, France, 5Sleep Disorders Unit, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France, 6Department of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France |
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Isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is considered a prodromal stage of parkinsonism. Neurodegenerative changes in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in parkinsonism can be detected using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. In this cross-sectional, observational, case-control study, we investigated changes in neuromelanin in participants with iRBD compared to Parkinson’s disease and healthy volunteers in the SNc segmented automatically using convolutional neural network-based U-net architecture. The iRBD participants had reduced neuromelanin content at an intermediate level between the values in HV and PD patients. |
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Multiecho sandwich spatial saturation neuromelanin imaging: improved nigral hyperintensity and need for T2* correction in NM-sensitive images |
| Sooyeon Ji1, Eun-Jung Choi1, Beomseok Sohn2, Kyoungwon Baik2, Eung Yeop Kim3, In Seong Kim4, Jin Wook Choi5, Seongbeom Park6, Soohwa Song6, Dong Hoon Shin6, Phil Hyu Lee7, and Jongho Lee1 | ||
1Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Siemens Healthineers Ltd., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 6Heuron Co. Ltd., Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 7Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Multi-echo sandwich spatial saturation neuromelanin (sandwichNMmulti-echo) imaging is proposed to simultaneously acquire a high-quality neuromelanin-sensitive image, a co-localized T2* map, and an improved susceptibility map weighted image for nigral hyperintensity. When this method is applied for PD patients and healthy controls, the results suggest that the reduced neuromelanin contrast in PD is partially explained by shorter T2* in substantia nigra of the PD patients. Initial results at 7T further support the finding, suggesting a need for T2* correction in assessing the NM-sensitive images. |
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Clinically uncertain parkinsonism shows nigral depigmentation in the presence and absence of dopaminergic deficit: a multimodal imaging study |
| YUE XING1,2,3, Saadnah Naidu1,2,3, Marta Gennaro4,5, Andreas Antonios-Roussakis6, Nicholas P. Lao-Kaim4, Halim Abdul-Sapuan1,2,3, Jonathan Evans7, Gillian Sare7, Antonio Martin-Bastida4,8, Schwarz T. Stefan1,2,9, Paola Piccini4,6, and Dorothee P Auer1,2,3 | ||
1Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Division of Neurology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Nuclear Medicine department, Royal Brompton & Harefield hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 6NHLI Department, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 7Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 8Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona-Madrid, Spain, 9Department of Radiology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Brain dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT has been used for detecting striatal deficits in clinically uncertain parkinsonism (CUP). Neuromelanin(NM)-MRI assesses nigral depigmentation with high accuracy in confirmed PD; but its diagnostic value in CUP is unclear. Here, we compare nigral NM in CUP with (DAT+) or without (DAT-) striatal dopaminergic deficits, to established PD and healthy controls. CUP with DAT+ had more nigral NM deficits (vs. controls and DAT-CUP) but were less pronounced than in established PD. Interestingly, DAT- cases showed ventrolateral nigral deficits. Our results suggest that nigral depigmentation possibly starts before striatal dopaminergic decline. |
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Examination of nigral volumetric and microstructural changes in prodromal and overt Parkinson’s disease |
| Jason Langley1, Kristy S. Hwang2,3, Daniel E. Huddleston4, and Xiaoping Hu1,5 | ||
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Parkinson & Other Movement Disorders Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 5Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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We examine nigral volume and tissue microstructure in prodromal and symptomatic Parkinson’s disease. Decreases in nigral volume were observed in the symptomatic Parkinson's disease group relative to the control group (p<10-3) and prodromal Parkinson's disease (p<10-3) group. A reduction in nigral volume was seen in the prodromal Parkinson's disease group relative to the control group (p=0.025). An increase in nigral free water was also found in the symptomatic Parkinson’s disease group relative to the control group (p=0.014). |
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Quantitative Analysis of Deep Nuclei in Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) using STrategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE) Imaging |
| Zhaoxi Liu1, Yiwei Zhang2, Han Wang1, Dan Xu1, Bo Wu3, E. Mark Haackeb4, Hui You1, and Feng Feng1 | ||
1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Bejing, China, 2Peking university first hospital, Bejing, China, 3SpinTech, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 4Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) showed increased iron deposition in the substantia nigra, red nucleus, dentate nucleus and globus pallidus compared with healthy controls. Besides, the T1 value, T2* value and R2* value of deep nucleus also altered in PD patients. Which suggested the STrategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE) imaging could provide a good performance in quantitative analysis in multi-modal parameters. |
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Free-Water Corrected Diffusion MRI Measures Reveal White Matter Disorganization in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Memory Impairment. |
| Virendra R Mishra1, Karthik R Sreenivasan1, Jessica Caldwell2, Aaron Ritter3, and Zoltan K Mari3 | ||
1Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Neuropsychology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 3Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States |
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Diffusion MRI (dMRI) could be used to understand cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, single-tensor (ST)-derived fractional anisotropy (FA) measures are biased due to the presence of crossing-fibers and contamination from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CSF contamination can be corrected by fitting a bi-tensor model to estimate free water (FW) contamination. Hence, in this study, we compared FW and FW-corrected ST dMRI-derived measures between PD patients (with and without cognitive impairment) and healthy controls (HC) estimated with multishell dMRI data. Our analysis suggests that FW-corrected dMRI analyses are more powerful in understanding WM disorganization in PD patients with cognitive impairment. |
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Regional patterns of nigral degeneration in the substantia nigra in atypical Parkinsonism using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI |
| LYDIA CHOUGAR1,2, EMINA ARSOVIC1, RAHUL GAURAV3, EMMA BIONDETTI4, NADYA PYATIGORSKAYA1, and STEPHANE LEHERICY1 | ||
1PITIE SALPETRIERE, PARIS, France, 2PARIS BRAIN INSTITUTE, PARIS, France, 3Paris Brain Institute, PARIS, France, 4Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti, CHIETI, Italy |
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We investigated the regional selectivity of neurodegenerative changes in the SNc in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and atypical parkinsonism using neuromelanin-sensitive MRI. We confirmed that neuromelanin volume and signal were reduced in parkinsonian disorders. The spatial pattern of changes differed between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and synucleinopathies. Compared to healthy controls (HC), subjects with PD and multisystem atrophy (MSA), PSP subjects had greater changes in the associative region. Signal-to-noise in the sensorimotor territory was preserved in PSP, but reduced in PD patients and there was a trend in MSA patients. There was no significant difference between MSA and PD. |
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Sensorimotor-Related Area Abnormalities in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study |
| Jia Yan Shi1 and Hua Jun Chen2 | ||
1Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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We conducted the first assessment of the sensorimotor-related areas(SMA) alterations in ALS using IVIM MRI and atlas-based analysis, which may provide useful information for localization of specific cortex and white matter(WM) tract damage in ALS. In grey matter areas (GM), ALS patients showed a reduction in f in the bilateral preSMA and SMA, while in WM areas, ALS patients exhibited an increase in D in a WM tract projecting to the right ventral premotor cortex(PMv). Correlation analysis revealed that the average D in this right PMv tract was negatively correlated to ALS disease severity. |
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Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Central Autonomic Network (CAN) in Parkinson’s Disease |
| Pohchoo Seow1, Yao-Chia Shih2, Septian Hartono3, Li Rong Yin1, Aeden Zi Cheng Kuek1, Samuel Yong Ern Ng3, Eng King Tan3, Louis Tan3, and Ling Ling Chan1 | ||
1Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 2Graduate Institute of Medicine, Yuan Ze University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore |
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Vast evidence for network-level functional dysfunctions have been reported in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, brain abnormalities that underlie common autonomic symptoms in PD have not been fully investigated. Resting-state functional integration of the Central Autonomic Network (CAN) of 79 PD patients and 43 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated using seed-based analysis. Significantly decreased functional connectivity between the right anterior insular seed and left lateral occipital cortex, right lingual gyrus, and left occipital pole were found in HC compared to PD. Functional connectivity analysis of the CAN facilitates further understanding of the potential mechanisms underlying altered autonomic regulation in PD. |
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Disrupted brain functional network connectivity in Parkinson’s disease patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. |
| Karthik R Sreenivasan1, Xiaowei Zhuang1, Jessica Caldwell1, Aaron Ritter1, Dietmar Cordes1, Zoltan Mari1, and Virendra Mishra1 | ||
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States |
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The underlying cause of cognitive deficits in PD (PD-MCI) is not well understood and there are no biomarkers to diagnose PD-MCI. Although previous studies have found disrupted functional connectivity several factors make it difficult to generalize findings from fMRI studies. In the current study, we investigate functional network abnormalities in PD-MCI and PD patients who are cognitively normal (PD-NC). Our results were in line with earlier studies that showed altered connectivity was observed involving the frontal and striatal regions in the PD-MCI group, and we also found altered connectivity between regions in the temporal and the parietal cortex. |
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Altered functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease with psychosis |
| Apoorva Safai1, Shweta Prasad2,3, Jitender Saini4, Abhishek Lenka2, Pramod Pal2, and Madhura Ingalhalikar1 | ||
1Symbiosis Centre for Medical Image Analysis, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India, 2Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India, 3Department of Clinical Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India, 4Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, India |
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Visual hallucinations (VH) is a commonly occurring psychosis symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, neuropathology of VH in PD is not clearly known, thereby limiting the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. To mitigate this gap, we evaluated functional connectivity (FC) changes and network organisation, related to VH in PD. PD patients exhibited widespread reduction in interhemispheric FC and local network topology of temporal, frontal, parietal, striatal, limbic, cerebellar, occipital and sensory motor regions. Patients with psychosis displayed larger FC reductions, particularly in cerebellar regions and their connections with frontal and occipital regions. Topological changes in temporal regions seen across PD patients |
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Effective Connectivity within the Resting-State Network using Spectral Dynamic Causal Modeling |
| Fatemeh Mohammadian1, Arash Zare Sadeghi2, Hanieh Mobarak Salari3, Mahsa Talebi1, Hassan Hashemi3, Hamid Reza Saligheh Rad1,4, and Maryam Noroozian5 | ||
1Department of Medical physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran university of medical sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Medical Physics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Quantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Quantitative MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Department of Psychiatry, Tehran university of medical sciences, TEHRAN, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a network connection dysfunction syndrome. An approximate picture of functional integration and statistical dependence on responses between different regions of the brain can be defined by functional connectivity (FC). Explanation of the statistical dependencies and estimating how the dynamics of neurons affect each other remotely is done by effective connectivity (EC). Studying directional interactions between different regions of the brain plays a key role in our understanding of the functional integration of brain networks. |
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Application of Graph Theory in the study of functional and structural connectivity in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) disease |
| Emilio Cipriano1,2, Laura Biagi1, Paolo Bosco1, Giovanni Cioni1, Alessandro Sale3, Nicoletta Berardi3, Michela Matteoli3, Michela Tosetti1, and the Train the Brain Consortium4 | ||
1FiRMLAB, IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy, 2Department of Physics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 3Institute of Neuroscience of the CNR, Pisa, Italy, 4the Train the Brain Consortium, Pisa, Italy |
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Graph theory approach was used to analyze structural and functional connectivity networks to identify candidate biomarkers of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), for an early diagnosis and intervention. We proposed a method of brain network analysis to combine structural and functional connectivity networks information. Through graph measures (Segregation, Centrality and Global Efficiency), we evaluated the differences between MCI and healthy control (HC) subjects as well the possible effects of physical/cognitive training, in terms of structural and functional connectivity, in MCI population. |
| 2387 | Computer 16
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Neurovascular dysfunction in patients with subjective cognitive decline: A resting-state fMRI study |
| Yin Tang1, Ling Zhang1, Hongyuan Ding1, Yi Zhu2, Yaxin Gao3, Long Qian4, Weiqiang Dou4, and Ming Qi1 | ||
1Radiology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 2Rehabilitation Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 3Rehabilitation Department, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China, 4MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The main goal of this study was to investigate the changes of neurovascular coupling (NVC) in patients at early stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Patients with SCD and MCI were enrolled. Significantly changes of neurovascular coupling have been separately found between SCD, MCI patients and HCs in the regions involved the left Rolandic operculum, left anterior orbital gyrus, right insula, right parahippocampal gyrus, left lingual gyrus, median cingulate and paracingulate gyri and left supramarginal gyrus. In addition, these changes of NVC showed strong correlations with multiple clinical scales. Therefore, NVC can be an effective method for early diagnosis of SCD patients. |
| 2388 | Computer 17
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Assessment of resting-state networks in Alzheimer’s disease using combined spin- and gradient-echo fMRI |
| Elizabeth G. Keeling1,2, Maurizio Bergamino1, Nicholas J. Sisco1, Sudarshan Ragunathan1, C. Chad Quarles1, George P. Prigatano1, and Ashley M. Stokes1 | ||
1Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States |
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Functional connectivity, measured with BOLD-fMRI, has been previously used to study changes in aging and Alzheimer’s disease. A combined spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) acquisition may be able to more sensitively distinguish between disease-related changes in functional connectivity. Therefore, this study aims to implement SAGE in resting-state fMRI to assess differences between macro- and microvasculature-sensitive data, between SAGE maps and single-echo methods, and between healthy aging and cognitively impaired cohorts’ functional networks. |
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Choroid plexus changes in clinically defined Alzheimer disease spectrum: Volumetry, QSM and BBB permeability imaging |
| Won-Jin Moon1, Jong Duck Choi1, Yeonsil Moon2, Hee Jin Kim3, Younghee Yim4, and Subin Lee5 | ||
1Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Neurology, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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In patients with cognitive impairment spectrum, 3T MRI revealed that choroid plexus volume and permeability was associated with cognitive impairment severity. l In patients with cognitive impairment, choroid plexus (CP) volume followed this order: Alzheimer dementia > late mild cognitive impairment (MCI) > early MCI or subjective cognitive impairment (p<.001) l Large CP volume was associated with lower Ktrans (r=-0.403, p=.006) and Vp (r=-0.543, p=.003) l Increased CP volume was negatively associated with memory function (B=-0.6662, SE=0.2089, p=.002), frontal executive function (B=-0.8973, SE=0.3145, p=.005), and mini-mental status examination score (B=-0.8158, SE=0.3153, p=.01) after adjusting for covariates. |
| 2390 | Computer 19
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DCE-MRI of blood brain barrier leakage in subjective memory and mild cognitive impairment: The Cognitive Ageing, Nutrition & Neurogenesis Trial |
| Rashed Sobhan1, David R. Willis2, Rachel Gillings1, Michael J. Thrippleton3, Joanna M. Wardlaw3, Anne-Marie Minihane1, Narelle M. Berry1, and Donnie Cameron1,4 | ||
1Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 2School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 4C.J. Gorter Centre for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands |
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As part of the CANN trial, we compared blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in subjective memory impairment (SMI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), two early indicators of Alzheimer’s disease. Also, the impact of a combined flavanol and omega-3 fatty acid-based nutritional intervention on BBB leakage was explored for the SMI cohort. Dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI was performed to obtain fractional plasma volume (vp) and volume transfer constant (KTrans) parameters. The results suggest that BBB leakage is similar in the SMI cohort and the nutritional intervention tends to be associated with improved BBB parameters. |
| 2391 | Computer 20
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Automatic detection of the anterior choroidal artery in TOF-MRA and its trajectory through the hippocampus and its sub-regions |
| Félix Janelle1,2, Monica Sean2,3, Félix Dumais2, Pascal Tétreault2,3, Christian Bocti1,4,5, and Kevin Whittingstall2 | ||
1Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Médecine nucléaire et radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 3Anesthésiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 4Service de Neurologie, Département de Médecine, CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 5Clinique de la Mémoire et centre de recherche sur le Viellissement, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada |
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The Anterior Choroidal Artery (AChA) is a small artery in the cerebral vasculature that perfuses the hippocampus. Its role in brain pathologies and cognitive decline is poorly understood. This could be due to the fact that there is no current standard method to analyse this artery in Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography (TOF-MRA). Here, we propose a fully automated approach for accurately localizing and quantifying the AChA in young healthy subjects. We then used this method to analyse the trajectory of the AChA through the hippocampus and its sub-regions. |
| 2392 | Computer 21
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Neuroimaging of a novel mouse model of Alzheimer’s Disease: The hAβKI mouse. |
| Andre Obenaus1, Amandine Jullienne1, Brenda Patricia Noarbe1, Ashley A Keiser2, Michelle Vy Trinh1, Eniko Kramar2, Joy Beardwood2, Tri Dong2, Marcelo Wood2, and MODEL AD3 | ||
1Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 3University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States |
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Mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) currently do not recapitulate accurately the human disease. The MODEL-AD consortium has recently developed new mouse models of AD, including the human amyloid β knockin (hAβKI) mouse. Using high resolution diffusion MRI (dMRI) we examined regional changes in the hAβKI male and female mouse across its lifespan (4-18mo). Sex and regional differences were apparent with age, including reduced diffusion metrics in the hippocampus, that mirrored altered learning and memory. Preclinical MR phenotyping allows for cross-species comparisons for biomarker identification. |
| 2393 | Computer 22
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Early microstructural aberrations in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease detected by Soma and Neurite Density Imaging |
| Andrada Ianus1, Renata Cruz1, Cristina Chavarrias1, Marco Palombo2,3,4, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Dept of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Alzheimer’s disease induces early morphological tissue changes which precede the onset of symptoms and can be important targets for neuroimaging. In this work we employ Soma and Neurite Density Imaging (SANDI), a biophysical modelling approach for diffusion MRI, to investigate tissue microstructure alterations in the 3xTg AD mouse model and compare it with the state-of-the-art Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI). |
| 2394 | Computer 23
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DTI to Genetics: The Role of HFE H63D gene mutation in White Matter degeneration in APOE4 carrier of Alzheimer’s disease |
| Ran Pang1, Jianli Wang2, Prasanna Karunanayaka2, Samgan Kanekar2, Gela Beselia3, Samika Kanekar3, James R. Connor3, and Qing X. Yang4 | ||
1Departments of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, United States; Department of Radiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Departments of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University Colle, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Departments of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, United States, Hershey, PA, United States, 4Departments of 1Neurosurgery and 2Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, United States, Hershey, PA, United States |
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HFE gene mutation involves iron metabolism, which is shown to directly contribute to myelination process. White matter degeneration in bi-genetic mutation (HFEH63D and ApoE4 allele) carriers was investigated using DTI from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Comparing to the HFEWT/ApoE4+ group, mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity of inferior longitudinal fasciculus in the HFEH63D/ApoE4+ group demonstrated less integrity damage and fewer late-myelination loss with aging reflecting a possible mechanism as HFE polymorphism protective role in partly eliminating ApoE4 being the high-risk factor for AD progressing. |
| 2395 | Computer 24
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Ultra-High Field MRI reveals amyloid plaques-like in a familial Alzheimer’s Disease patient-derived brain organoids |
| Mathieu David Santin1,2, Benjamin Galet1,3, Clément Daube1,3, and Philippe Ravassard1,3 | ||
1Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute - ICM, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France, 2Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche – CENIR, Paris, France, 3Molecular Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease Group, Paris, France |
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This study presents preliminary results obtained on APP muted brain organoids. In vitro images were obtained using ultra-high field MRI and Gd passive staining of samples. MR images were compared to histology and immunohistochemistry slices to confirm the presence of amyloid plaques of mutated APP brain organoid compared to isogenic (control) brain organoid. |
| 2469 | Computer 1
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Neural correlates of fluid intelligence identified by empirical neural network-based brain states |
| Robert Englert1, Balint Kincses2, Giuseppe Gallitto2, Raviteja Kotikalapudi1, Kevin Hoffschlag1, and Tamas Spisak1 | ||
1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Germany, Essen, Germany, 2Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Germany, Essen, Germany |
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We propose a novel method which considers the functional connectome as an already-trained, empirical continuous Hopfield Network, to extract brain states from a population connectome to analyze the dynamics of the so-called attractor states on the subject level. We apply our method to the Human Connectome Project dataset, and we could show, that the mean activation of the participants during different states is a significant predictor of fluid intelligence. |
| 2470 | Computer 2
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Longitudinal changes in fMRI brain fingerprints of asymptomatic high school American football athletes |
| Bradley Fitzgerald1, Sumra Bari2, Nicole Vike2, Roy J. Lycke3, Joshua D. Auger4, Eric Nauman5, Joaquin Goni6,7, and Thomas M. Talavage1,8 | ||
1Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Warren Wright Adolescent Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houton, TX, United States, 4Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 5School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 6School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 7Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 8Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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We used resting state functional MRI data to investigate whether asymptomatic high school American football athletes undergo functional connectome (FC) changes during exposure to head acceleration events (HAEs). FCs of asymptomatic high school football athletes were shown to undergo significant changes during the season and then return to their pre-season state after the conclusion of collision activities, with changes reflected most profoundly in the somatomotor network. Late-season changes appear to affect all athletes without association with the magnitude of HAEs experienced. These observations demonstrate that participation in American football can cause significant changes in brain functionality without manifesting symptoms. |
| 2471 | Computer 3
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Brain functional fingerprinting predicts individual differences in cognition: An AI-based approach |
| Morteza Esmaeili1,2 and Alireza Salami3,4,5 | ||
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway, 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway, 3Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, 4Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, 5Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institute and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden |
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Machine learning approaches provide convenient autonomous object classification in medical imaging domains. This study examines the utility of convolutional neural networks in predicting individual differences in cognition from the resting-state functional connectome. We observed significant contributions from the subcortical areas (including hippocampus) and their interactions with the cortical default mode network to the training progress. Our results demonstrate that an AI-based model can predict an individual's EM scores. |
| 2472 | Computer 4
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Linking functional and structural brain organisation with behaviour in healthy adults |
| Natalie Forde1, Alberto Llera1, Jan Buitelaar1, and Christian Beckmann1 | ||
1Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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Understanding brain-behaviour correlates is challenging. Multimodal approaches increase the sensitivity to brain-behaviour relationships. Here we integrated grey matter density maps, structural connectivity metrics and functional connectopic (gradient) maps from 676 participants of the HCP, with the hypothesis that these more advanced measures of both structural and functional organisation would improve sensitivity to brain-behaviour associations. Our results show 1 component significantly associated with various behavioural measures including multiple measures of alcohol use. This component was composed of structural modalities. There was little shared variance between structural measures and functional gradients across the components. |
| 2473 | Computer 5
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Age and sex contributions to variance in resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) temporal complexity analysis |
| Nicholas Maurice Simard1,2, Dinesh A Kumbhare3,4, Stephan Ulmer5,6, and Michael D Noseworthy1,2,7,8 | ||
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Imaging Research Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 4Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5neurorad.ch, Zurich, Switzerland, 6Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, 7School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 8Radiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Understanding the process of aging and the differences in sex with regards to large data repositories can help improve the implementation of machine learning and artificial intelligence paradigms in neuroimaging. The following research presents data that identifies a relationship between aging and sex in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data. Using over 10,000 age and sex matched healthy controls and performing a homebuilt processing pipeline for rs-fMRI data, significant relationships between aging and reduced temporal complexity (TC) was found (p=0.03058), along with women having a higher TC than men (p=0.000623). |
| 2474 | Computer 6
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Topological organization effects of different theta burst stimulation protocols over precuneus in healthy adults |
| Xue Li1,2, Xin Xu2, Jiang Xi1, Xiaoqi Huang2,3, and Haoyang Xing1,2 | ||
1College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University,, Chengdu, China, 3Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China |
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This study explored the seed-based functional connectivity (FC) and topological organization alteration applied different TBS protocols over precuneus in healthy adults. Increased FC were found in sensorimotor network and insula after application of iTBS or cTBS, decreased FC in left thalamus was found after cTBS. Only cTBS induced significant topological alterations in whole-brain network characterized by small-worldness on FC and functional topology organization, The findings suggested distal effects were complicated and could not been simply summarized as inhibition/facilitation like as proximal rTMS effects. This study may help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of information transmission through brain function connectivity. |
| 2475 | Computer 7
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Structural and resting-state functional connectivity changes due to chronic noise exposure |
| S Senthil Kumaran1, A Ankeeta1, Himanshu Singh1, and Nisha Chauhan1 | ||
1Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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The effects of cumulative lifetime noise exposure on ascending auditory pathway function in audio metrically normal individuals is explored by sustained and transient fMRI responses and related auditory brainstem response (ABR). The experiment included continuous (scanner noise) and deviant noise (additional pink noise) levels that affected mental workload and auditory/visual attention. Our results exhibited reduced attention and mental workload in central auditory regions in people exposed to higher noise (>85dBA) in comparison with those exposed to lesser noise (<85dBA). |
| 2476 | Computer 8
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Static and dynamic connectivity are differentially affected by head motion: a healthy control and Parkinson’s disease study |
| Francesca Saviola1, Stefano Tambalo1, Donna Gift Cabalo1, Lisa Novello1, Enrica Pierotti1, Alessandra Dodich1, Costanza Papagno1, Luca Turella1, Dimitri Van De Ville2,3, and Jorge Jovicich1 | ||
1University of Trento, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, Rovereto, Italy, 2Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland |
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An open discussion in functional connectivity (FC) studies is the mitigation of motion-related artifacts. Data-driven denoising such as Independent Component Analysis (ICA) could help in improving the reproducibility of results, however, the definition of pipelines to deal with mild to high motion cases is still controversial. We estimate the effect of different workflows optimized for best-controlling head motion both in healthy and Parkinson’s Disease cohorts. Regardless of baseline head motion level, ICA-based control of motion confounds affects functional connectivity metrics, with non-negligible impact on static connectivity and most severe effects on temporal and spatial features of dynamic functional connectivity measures. |
| 2477 | Computer 9
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Large-Scale Functional Network Connectivity Mediates the Associations of Serum Lipids and Cognitive Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes |
| Wen Zhang1, Jilei Zhang2, and Bing Zhang1 | ||
1Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China |
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Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often have pathologically altered lipid metabolism. Evidence has confirmed that dyslipidemia is linked to cognitive decline. We explored the large-scale functional network connectivity alterations and their potential relationships with serum lipids and cognitive performance in T2DM patients. Our results suggested lower inter and intra-network functional connectivity in T2DM patients and the possibility of improving cognitive function through lipids management. |
| 2478 | Computer 10
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Brainwide functional networks associated with hippocampal subfields during memory task using fMRI with 1-mm isotropic resolution |
| Wei-Tang Chang1,2, Stephanie Langella3, Khoi Huynh2, Min Sung Seo4, Pew-Thian Yap2, Weili Lin2, and Kelly Sullivan Giovanello4 | ||
1Radiology, UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 2BRIC, UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 3Martinos center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Psychology, UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA AT CHAPEL HILL, Chapel Hill, NC, United States |
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The interactions between the hippocampal subfields (HCSFs) and cerebral cortex during memory are unclear due to the inherently-low SNR, insufficient spatial resolution or limited spatial coverage. This study is the first fMRI study to examine how the HCSFs interact with the entire cortical surface during the memory encoding and retrieval process by addressing the above-mentioned issues successfully. Our results suggested that 1) the cortical-HCSF functional connectivity (FC) during encoding generally decreased compared to resting, 2) the cortical-HCSF FC increased compared to encoding during retrieval; 3) stronger FC between posterior CA1 and dorsal attention network are correlated with better behavioural performance. |
| 2479 | Computer 11
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Towards Mapping the Resting-State Connectome of the Limbic System in Real-Time with Connectome-based Neurofeedback |
| Jeff Sharpe1,2, Bruno Sa de la Rocque Guimaraes1,3, and Stefan Posse1,4 | ||
1Neurology Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Computer Science Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Nuclear Engineering Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 4Physics and Astronomy Department, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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In the present study we develop a real-time seed-based correlation analysis (SBC) pipeline with online regression to compute a connectome fingerprint matrix and characterize the performance of this methodology for quantifying intra- and inter-network connectivity dynamics across major resting state networks (RSNs) in healthy subjects. We assess the association between connectivity in the limbic system and intensity of self-induced mood states with neurofeedback based on the connectome matrix. |
| 2480 | Computer 12
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Relationship between resting-state fMRI functional connectivity and intracranial EEG band-limited power coupling |
| Kristina Sabaroedin1,2,3,4, Will Wilson1,5, Daniel J Pittman1,5,6, Paolo Federico1,3,5,6, and Pierre LeVan1,2,3,4 | ||
1Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 6Seaman Family MR Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Functional connectivity (FC) of resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is a popular method for characterizing brain connectivity. rs-fMRI indirectly measures neuronal fluctuations through blood-oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal and is susceptible to various physiological noise which lead to spurious correlations. We investigated the relationship between rs-fMRI FC and band-limited power (BLP) coupling measured using intracranial EEG (icEEG). Both static and dynamic connectivity analyses revealed a relationship between BOLD FC and icEEG BLP coupling across multiple frequency bands. However, this relationship depends on distance and electrode type. BOLD FC is distinct in fluctuations and spatial variability, suggesting non-neural signal sources in rs-fMRI connectivity. |
| 2481 | Computer 13
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Abnormal static and dynamic functional network connectivity in patients with capsular stroke based on the triple-network model. |
| Yingying Wang1, Caihong Wang1, Peifang Miao1, Ying Wei1, Luobing Wu1, Jingliang Cheng1, and Jingxia Guo2 | ||
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare MR Research, Beijing, China |
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To explore the mechanisms of cognitive impairment and reorganization in patients with left- and right-sided capsular stroke (CS_L, CS_R), we collected resting-state fMRI data from 62 CS_L, 56 CS_R patients and 57 normal controls (NC). Based on the triple-network model [involving the default mode, central executive and salience networks], static (SFNC) and dynamic functional network connectivities (DFNC) were performed to calculate inter-network functional connectivities and estimate temporal features in each state among the three groups. We found more significant SFNC and DFNC changes in CS_R group, suggesting more extensive cognitive impairment and reorganization in CS_R patients than those with CS_L. |
| 2560 | Computer 1
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Altered Brain Activity and Functional Connectivity between Thalamus and Cortex in Vestibular Migraine: A Resting-State fMRI Study |
| Xia Zhe1, Yang Huang1, Min Tang1, Kai Ai2, Xiaoyan Lei1, and Xiaoling Zhang1 | ||
1Department of MRI, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Xi’an, China |
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To investigate the abnormal whole brain functional connectivity patterns in patients with VM by a fully data-driven resting-state functional connectivity methods without any hypothesis. Our findings indicated that whole brain amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and connectivity abnormalities of these regions may be associated with functional impairments in pain information processing and modulation, transmitting and multisensory integration in patients with VM.
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| 2561 | Computer 2
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Impact of capillary transit time heterogeneity on resting-state BOLD-FC in patients with unilateral asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis |
| Sebastian Constantin Schneider1,2, Mario Eduardo Archila-Meléndez1,2, Jens Göttler1,2, Stephan Kaczmarz1,2,3, Jan Kufer1,2, Benedikt Zott1,2, Josef Priller4, Michael Kallmayer5, Claus Zimmer1, Christian Sorg1,2, and Christine Preibisch1,2,6 | ||
1School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, TUM Neuroimaging Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Philips GmbH Market DACH, Hamburg, Germany, 4School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Psychiatry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 5School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 6School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology, Munich, Germany |
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Blood oxygenation level dependent functional connectivity (BOLD-FC) is commonly used as a proxy for neuronal connectivity. Therefore, aberrant BOLD-FC in brain disorders is typically interpreted as aberrant neuronal connectivity. However, beyond changes in neuronal connectivity, impairments in neurovascular coupling (NVC) may also impact on BOLD-FC. This study investigates how impaired local NVC, under conditions of preserved neural functioning, influences BOLD-FC in a sample of unilateral asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis patients and healthy age-matched controls. We show that timing aspects of local NVC, namely increased capillary transit time heterogeneity, reduces BOLD-FC, without changes in neuronal functioning. |
| 2562 | Computer 3
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Non-invasive measures of resting perfusion and hemodynamic compromise in patients with large vessel steno-occlusive disease |
| Ece Su Sayin1, James Duffin1,2, Julien Poublanc3, David John Mikulis3, Joseph Arnold Fisher1,2, and Olivia Sobczyk2 | ||
1Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Joint Department of Medical Imaging and the Functional Neuroimaging Lab, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion measures using hypoxia-induced deoxyhemoglobin (dOHb) and BOLD-MRI-CO2 CVR reveals that patients with steno-occlusive disease can have the degree of hymodynamic compromise classified into two severities by the differences in hemodynamic measures at rest and in response to stress. |
| 2563 | Computer 4
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The vestibular neuromatrix in patients with post-concussive vestibular dysfunction and healthy controls |
| Jeremy Lee Smith1, Anna Trofimova1, Vishwadeep Ahluwalia2,3, Jose J. Casado Garrido4, Julia Hurtado5, Rachael Frank5, April Hodge5, Russell K. Gore4,5, and Jason W. Allen1,4,6 | ||
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Center for Advanced Brain Imaging, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 5Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA, United States, 6Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Convergent clinical and neuroimaging evidence suggests that cognitive-affective and vestibular symptoms are interrelated: affective disorders not only co-occur with vestibular dysfunction but may also influence vestibular processing. However, the topology of the vestibular/cognitive/affective network (‘vestibular neuromatrix’) is not well-defined. The present study leveraged graph theory metrics to assess the functional and structural connectivity among 82 regions of interest in healthy controls and in patients with subacute post-concussive vestibular dysfunction. Patients exhibited deficiencies in connectivity among vestibular, pre- and orbitofrontal, and visual regions, as well as in the integration of visual and vestibular information, visuospatial attention, and monitoring of internal state. |
| 2564 | Computer 5
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Graph theory demonstrates functional reorganization dynamics related to tumor grade and location in glioma |
| Luca Pasquini1,2, Mehrnaz Jenabi3, Kyung Peck4, and Andrei Holodny1 | ||
1Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, United States, 2NESMOS, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York CIty, NY, United States, 4Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, United States |
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Brain tumors lead to modifications of brain networks known as functional reorganization or plasticity, which may be compensatory in nature and lead to valuable clinical applications. However, the determinants of plasticity are unclear. We evaluated functional networks of 30 low-grade (LGG) and 30 high-grade (HGG) left-hemispheric gliomas versus 20 healthy controls (HC) through rs-fMRI and graph-theory. We hypothesized that tumor grade and location impact brain connectivity. Our results show that both LGG and HGG develop ipsilateral and contralateral functional network changes. Additionally, tumor location is crucial: frontal and temporal tumors show bilateral modifications; parietal and insular tumors only local effects. |
| 2565 | Computer 6
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Emerging functional connectivity differences in children with autism spectrum disorders and younger siblings affected with Autism |
| Manoj Kumar1, Sachin Patalasingh1, Chandrakanta Hiremath1, Jitender Saini1, K. John VijaySagar2, BK Yamini3, and Rose Dawn Bhrath1 | ||
1Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India, 2Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India, 3Speech Pathology and Audiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India |
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Resting-state fMRI studies performed during natural sleep indicate that functional-connectivity in ASD-children begins to differentially mature from earliest periods of life and continues to have distinct patterns throughout early development. In current study, we have performed rs-fMRI in younger (12 to 36-months-of-age) cohorts of ASD, ASD-siblings, and typically developing children to look for functional-connectivity patterns. We observed significantly reduced functional-connectivity in language, social-cognition, and motor regions than controls and ASD-siblings. Interestingly, some of these regions are also considerably different when compared between ASD and ASD-siblings. Altered connectivity may use for targeted interventional therapy for better clinical outcomes in ASD-children. |
| 2566 | Computer 7
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Altered dynamic functional network connectivity in post-stroke dementia with subcortical lesion |
| Qianwen Wu1,2, Huaying Cai3, Linhui Ni3, Guocan Han4, Zhiyong Zhao1, and Dan Wu1 | ||
1Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Center,, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 4Department of Radiology, Neuroscience Center,, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China |
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This study aimed to explore the changes of functional network connectivity (FNC) in post-stroke dementia (PSD) using a dynamic FNC (dFNC) method. We collected resting-state fMRI data from16 PSD patients, 20 post-stroke non-dementia (PSND) patients and 19 normal controls, and identified 13 functional networks. We found PSD-specific decreases in the dFNC between default mode network and executive control network as well as visual network, which were not observed in static FNC analysis. Moreover, PSD showed a significant decrease in time-variance of global efficiency in whole brain compared with PSND. These changes were associated with the clinical assessments of patients. |
| 2567 | Computer 8
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Classification of Gulf War Illness Patients vs Control Veterans Using fMRI Dynamic Functional Connectivity |
| Unal Sakoglu1, Amaresh Mishra1, Kaundinya S Gopinath2, Bruce A Crosson2, and Robert Haley3 | ||
1Computer Engineering, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX, United States, 2Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3University of Texas Southwestern Medical Canter at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Around 200,000 veterans suffer from Gulf War Illness (GWI). GWI is characterized by multiple deficits in cognitive, emotion, somatosensory and pain domains. In this study we studied 23 GWI patients and 30 age-matched control veterans with resting-state fMRI in order to classify patients versus controls using dynamic functional connectivity among brain networks. Results show that different brain networks have discriminating power, pointing to widespread impairments in functional connectivity of visual, semantic, multi-sensory, and sensory-motor processing networks in GWI, consistent with multi-symptom nature of GWI. |
| 2568 | Computer 9
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Dynamic alterations of functional connectivity density in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a resting-state fMRI study |
| Jia Yan Shi1 and Hua Jun Chen2 | ||
1Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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In this study, we made the first investigation on abnormal pattern of dynamic functional connection density (dFCD) in ALS. We gathered resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 50 patients with ALS and 55 healthy controls (HC). dFCD was analyzed by sliding window correlation method; and the standard deviation of dFCD across the sliding window was calculated voxel-wisely to quantify dFCD variability. Our study has found abnormal dFCD variability in ALS. The indices of dFCD variability showed moderate discrimination power between two groups, suggesting its potential serving as the diagnostic biomarker for ALS. |
| 2569 | Computer 10
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Dynamic Changes in Functional Network Connectivity Involving Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Its Correlation With Disease Severity. |
| LiMin Cai1 and HuaJun Chen1 | ||
1Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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We explored dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) in ALS and its correlation with disease severity. FNC states were determined by k-mean clustering, and state-specific FNC and dynamic indices (fraction time/mean dwell time/transition number) were calculated. ALS patients showed increased FNC between DMN-SMN in state 1 and between CCN-SMN in state 4. Patients remained in state 2 (showing the weakest FNC) for a significantly longer time and remained in state 1 (showing a relatively strong FNC) for a shorter time. A significant correlation was observed between ALSFRS-R and mean dwell time in state 2 and transition number. |
| 2570 | Computer 11
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Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury Patients Versus Healthy Controls |
| Joseph Schaefer1, Jingya Miao2, Caio Matias2, Feroze Mohamed2, Laura Krisa2, James Harrop2, and Mahdi Alizadeh2 | ||
1Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the distributed network properties of subjects with pediatric spinal cord injury using static and dynamic functional connectivity analysis. 36 subjects of which 18 had history of SCI between the ages of 0-18 years underwent 3-Tesla resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Static and dynamic functional connectivity was calculated. Results showed patients with a history of pediatric spinal cord injury did not show widespread changes in static functional connectivity but did have significant changes in dynamic functional connectivity, including spending more time in a relatively hypoconnected brain state and less brain state transitions. |
| 2571 | Computer 12
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Abnormal stability of dynamic functional architecture in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a preliminary resting-state fMRI study |
| Jia Yan Shi1 and Hua Jun Chen2 | ||
1Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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Static and dynamic analyses for identifying functional connectivity(FC)have demonstrated brain dysfunctions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).We are to make the first attempt to perform studies about the stability of dynamic FC analysis based on resting-state fMRI data, in order to provide the new insight into the mechanism in ALS and investigate its correlation with disease severity. Our observation revealed that the abnormal pattern of FC stability involved sensorimotor regions(i.e.left precentral and postcentral gyrus)and non-sensorimotor areas(i.e.right temporal pole and middle/inferior frontal gyrus)in ALS patients, suggesting the potential of functional stability serving as the biomarker for monitoring disease progression in ALS. |
| 2637 | Computer 1
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On the basis of sex: Preclinical 23Na MRI at 21.1 T Delineates Sodium Distribution Differences in Females Following Central Sensitization |
| Samuel W. Holder1,2, Dayna L. Richter1,2, David C. Hike1,2, Michael G. Harrington3, and Samuel C. Grant1,2 | ||
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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23Na FID-based 3D CSI was implemented in female rats at 21.1 T to examine sex differences in sodium response to NTG-triggered central sensitization. The female brainstem was resilient to NTG-triggered increases in sodium seen with males, despite sodium increases in the female cisterna magna and fourth ventricle. Lateral ventricles and thalamus sodium in females decreased with NTG trigger. Female resilience in brainstem and thalamus, both connected to trigeminal first order neuron, holds interesting implications for migraine. |
| 2638 | Computer 2
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Microstructural changes in the grey matter of patients with visual snow syndrome: an ultra-high field morphological and quantitative MRI study |
| Myrte Strik1, Meaghan Clough2, Emma J Solly2, Owen B White2, Scott C Kolbe2, and Joanne Fielding2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, 2Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia |
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Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a neurological disorder characterized by continuous visual disturbances, and accompanied by a range of non-visual symptoms, including tinnitus and migraine. Little is known about the pathological mechanisms underlying VSS. In this study we assessed brain morphometry and microstructure in VSS patients using high-resolution structural (MP2RAGE, 0.75 mm iso) and quantitative (T1 mapping) 7T MRI. In VSS patients, we observed similar morphometry, but widespread changes in the grey matter microstructure (lower T1 values), which followed a caudal-rostral pattern affecting the occipital cortices most profoundly. Migraine did not appear to independently affect these changes. |
| 2639 | Computer 3
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BRAIN VOLUMES IN SICKLE CELL DISEASE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN: ALGORITHM PERFORMANCE AND CORRESPONDENCE WITH BLOOD OXYGEN CONTENT |
| Randall Sky Jones1, Manus Donahue2, Spencer Waddle3, Larry Taylor Davis3, Sumit Pruthi3, Chelsea Lee1, Niral Patel1, Michael DeBaun1, Adetola Kassim4, Mark Rodeghier5, and Lori Jordan1 | ||
1Pediatric Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Medicine; Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Rodeghier Consulting, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Brain tissue volumes were calculated in adults and children with sickle cell disease (SCD) across the lifespan for different segmentation algorithms and clinical indicators of disease. Tissue volume reductions in persons with SCD without prior stroke were detected when using FreeSurfer, but not other software, highlighting algorithm bias. Arterial oxygen content was directly related to tissue volumes when using FreeSurfer and SIENAX. Brain tissue volume was not associated with silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs). Findings highlight the subtlety of tissue volume changes in SCD, provide age-specific reference-standards, and motivate an integrated approach of anatomical and functional assessments for informing SCD care. |
| 2640 | Computer 4
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Advancing Concussion Assessment in Pediatrics (A-CAP): Longitudinal changes in brain metabolites in pediatric concussion |
| Parker L La1, Ashley D Harris1, Robyn Walker1, Julie M Joyce1, Tiffany Bell1, William Craig2, Quynh Doan3, Miriam H Beauchamp4, Roger Zemek5, Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC)6, Keith O Yeates7, and Ashley D Harris1 | ||
1Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Pediatrics, University of Alberta and Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 3Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Psychology, University of Montreal and St Justine Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Ottawa and Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 6University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 7Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Disruptions in brain metabolites following concussion are commonly reported in the literature. However, studies have typically included only one timepoint, studied adults and/or had limited sample size. In the largest MRS dataset in pediatric concussion to date, we show that metabolites do not differ significantly over time points with longitudinal data collected sub-acutely (<14 days post-injury) and at 3- or 6-months follow-up. This lack of change may indicate that metabolites are relatively stable, that changes are regionally specific or occur more acutely, or there are subgroups that need to be specifically considered. |
| 2641 | Computer 5
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Bullying is associated with reduced cognitive scores and altered brain morphometry over time in preadolescent children. |
| Miriam S Menken1, Pedro Rodriguez Rivera1, Amal Isaiah2,3, Thomas Ernst1, Christine C Cloak1, and Linda Chang1,4,5 | ||
1Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Otorhinolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Few studies identified brain morphometric changes associated with peer-victimization (“being bullied”), and no study examined how these changes can mediate the relationship between bullying and cognition. Using T1-weighted MRI scans and cognitive test scores from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development longitudinal dataset, we found that bullying is associated with reduced cognitive performance over time. Bullied children had smaller putamen volumes and right insula surface areas, thinner left precentral and banks of superior temporal sulcus cortices, but larger left entorhinal and right pars orbitalis surface areas. Importantly, these altered brain measures partially mediated the relationship between bullying and cognitive scores. |
| 2642 | Computer 6
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Brain-wide Quantitative Imaging Measures in progressive Multiple Sclerosis: a Multi-modal Framework and Longitudinal Validation Study |
| Yukai Zou1,2, Aravinthan Varatharaj1,3, Charlotte Stuart1, Finn Lennartsson4, Angela Darekar2, Claudia AM Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott5, and Ian Galea1,3 | ||
1Clinical Neurosciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, 2Medical Physics Department, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, 3Wessex Neurological Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom, 4Department of Clinical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5NMR Research Unit, Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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This study aims to develop quantitative MRI measures that are more statistically straightforward to correlate with clinical disability of progressive MS individuals, whose brains often show atrophy and tissue damage that vary amongst regions, which is hard to interpret clinically. The impacts of different software packages and MR contrasts on estimating brain atrophy were investigated. Individual DTI profiles characterised specific progression within each brain region, preserving the heterogeneity amongst individuals. Some of the measures were shown to capture the overall progression and correlate with clinical disability. In summary, this framework shows promise to integrate quantitative MRI into routine clinical care. |
| 2643 | Computer 7
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A very motion-robust pediatric brain MRI protocol for clinical use |
| Stefan Skare1,2, Adam van Niekerk1,2, Tim Sprenger2,3, Aleksandra Ramolli1, Yords Österman1, Jan Svoboda1, Ola Norbeck1,2, Henric Rydén1,2, Enrico Avventi1,2, and Johan Berglund2 | ||
1Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden |
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Selected pediatric patients (3-9Y) scheduled for a clinical brain MRI under general anesthesia are enrolled in this ongoing study to be scanned awake, while watching a movie for entertainment, using a new motion-robust brain MRI protocol. The protocol consists solely of custom-made, inherently motion-robust, sequences, with all necessary MR contrasts for clinical use. All but one sequence uses real-time correction of head motion with an external tracking device. All eight unsedated pediatric patients scanned so far resulted in diagnostic images, despite some patients moving their heads in excess of 30 degrees (peak-peak) during the exam. |
| 2644 | Computer 8
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Dose-dependent response of cerebral blood flow in healthy volunteers following administration of β2-adrenergic receptor agonist clenbuterol |
| Courtney A. Bishop1, Thomas Lodeweyckx2, Jan de Hoon2, Koen Van Laere3,4, Michel Koole4, Wim Vandenberghe5, Gaia Rizzo1, Eugenii Rabiner1,6, Renee Martin7, Anthony Ford7, and Gabriel Vargas7 | ||
1Invicro, London, United Kingdom, 2Center for Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3Division of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 4Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 5Department of Neurology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College, London, United Kingdom, 7CuraSen Therapeutics, San Carlos, CA, United States |
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Initial evidence is provided for central effects of the β2-AR agonist clenbuterol on CBF in healthy volunteers. Regions showing particular effect (the hippocampus and thalamus) are associated with cognition and neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Disease, so similar targeting of β2-AR may prove beneficial in these conditions. Further work is required to determine the extent of central mediation of the effect of β2-AR agonism with clenbuterol in healthy volunteers. |
| 2645 | Computer 9
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A clinical protocol for 3D imaging of the locus coeruleus with super-resolution at 3 Tesla |
| Catarina Rua1, Mark R Symms2, Ali Ghayoor3, Brian Avants3, Courtney Bishop1, and Lino Becerra3 | ||
1Invicro LLC, A Konica Minolta Company, London, United Kingdom, 2GE Healthcare, London, United Kingdom, 3Invicro LLC, A Konica Minolta Company, Needham, MA, United States |
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The locus coeruleus (LC) is the principal source of noradrenaline production in humans. Histology studies have shown that severe loss of neurons in the LC is associated with many neurodegenerative disorders. Damage is thought to be non-uniform and occurring in stages, hence there is a growing interest in imaging the LC in vivo in these patient populations. In this work we propose a protocol for imaging the LC at clinical field strengths using a 3D magnetization-transfer prepared imaging sequence strategy and the application of super-resolution techniques to increase the LC features within the brainstem region. |
| 2646 | Computer 10
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Structural brain imaging with high-resolution 3D MRI on the Next-Generation 7T brain scanner |
| Alexander JS Beckett1,2, Jingjia Chen3, Shajan Gunamony4,5, An T Vu6,7, Salvatore Torrisi1,2, Chunlei Liu1,3, Jason Stockmann8,9, and David A Feinberg1,2 | ||
1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States, 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States, 4Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 5MR CoilTech Limited, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 6Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 7San Francisco Veteran Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States, 8Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 9Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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The 128-channel receive, 16-channel parallel transmit capabilities of the new NexGen 7T system, in conjunction with the high amplitude and slew rate of the novel “Impulse” head gradient coil, provide many potential benefits for high-resolution 3D neuroimaging. High channel array coils allow acceleration on two phase encoded axes for very high total acceleration factors, and faster gradients can reduce image readout time for additional benefits. We demonstrate these benefits in different 3D imaging applications (MP2RAGE, FLAIR, FLASH, SWI) at 7T. |
| 2647 | Computer 11
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Assessment of Brain Activity during a Lower Extremity Sensorimotor Task using CEST MRI at 3T |
| Rongwen Tain1,2, Benjamin M. Ellingson3,4, Craig Stark1,2,5, Catalina Raymond Guzman3,4, Kelli Sharp6,7, and Joanne Armour Smith8 | ||
1Campus Center for Neuroimaging, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Facility for Imaging and Brain Research, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 3Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 6Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 7Department of Dance, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 8Department of Physical Therapy, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States |
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A recent animal study demonstrates that CEST MRI is a potential tool to detect neuronal activation. In this work, we study CEST effects in the secondary somatosensory cortex during rest and during a goal-directed lower extremity sensorimotor task (small amplitude left leg lifting) in 10 healthy participants. Significantly higher CEST effects were observed in participants performing the leg task in the secondary somatosensory cortex, but not in a prefrontal cortex control region. This indicates that CEST MRI is a potential tool to detect brain metabolism associated with neuronal activity in human subjects at 3T. |
| 2648 | Computer 12
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Diagnosing Parkinson’s disease by Combining Neuromelanin and Iron Image Features Using Automatic SN Subregions Detection Approach |
| Zhijia Jin1, Mojtaba Jokar2, Ying Wang2,3, Yan Li1, Zenghui Cheng1, Yu Liu1, Rongbiao Tang1, Xiaofeng Shi1, Youmin Zhang1, Jihua Min1, Fangtao Liu1, Naying He1, E. Mark Haacke1,2,3,4, and Fuhua Yan1 | ||
1Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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A total of 100 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were scanned using a single 3D gradient echo magnetization transfer sequence. We developed an automatic substantia nigra (SN) subregions segmentation approach to get neuromelanin (NM) and iron measurements in the SN. These measures along with their overlap region volume and the nigrosome-1 (N1) sign showed reliable results indicative of promising diagnostic biomarkers to differentiate PD patients from HCs. |
| 2649 | Computer 13
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Clinical Feasibility of Brain Tumor Multi-voxel MR Spectroscopic Imaging using Rapid Semi-LASER and EPSI Encoding at 3T |
| Sunitha B Thakur1, Olivia M Sutton2, Almir Bitencourt3, Ralph Noeske4, Tara Fahy1, Ricardo Otazo1, and Robert Young1 | ||
1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil, 4GE HealthCare, Munich, Germany |
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical feasibility of optimized multi-voxel MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at 3T using rapid symmetric echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) spatial encoding in patients with brain tumors. We performed the optimized MRSI at 3T using semi-localization by adiabatic selective refocusing pulses (semi-LASER), fast spatial encoding using symmetric EPSI, and robust water suppression with variable power and optimized relaxation delays. A radiologist with extensive experience in neuroimaging and spectroscopy assessed the overall spectral quality. This study is an attempt to integrate high-resolution MRSI in clinical practice for the assessment of brain cancer patients. |
| 2650 | Computer 14
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Amide proton transfer imaging for differentiation of glioblastoma from brain metastasis |
| Utarat Kaewumporn1, Doonyaporn Wongsawaeng1, Siriwan Piyapittayanan1, Chanon Ngamsombat1, Panid Chaysiri1, Janiya Kittikornchaichan1, Kritdipha Ningunha2, Nanthasak Tisavipat2, Titima Itthimathin2, Ketkanok Rayaroji2, and Orasa Chawalparit1 | ||
1Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, 2Bangkok International Hospital, BDMS, Bangkok, Thailand |
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Until now, the differentiation between glioblastoma and brain metastasis still has some limitations and inconclusive findings. |
| 2651 | Computer 15
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Machine Learning-Based Radiomics Predicting the IDH1 Genotype of Diffuse Gliomas |
| Qirui Zhao1, Zongfang Li1, Yi Lu1, Han Bao1, Zujun Hou2, Liuyang Chen3, Wei Xie1, Qing Wang1, Wei Zhao1, Tong-San Koh4, and Lisha Nie5 | ||
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 2Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China, 3Fisca Healthcare Ltd, Kunming, China, 4Department of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Center, Singapore, Singapore, 5GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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The current study aims to evaluate the value of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (CE-T1WI) radiomics features in predicting isocitrate dehydrogenase1 (IDH1) genotype of diffuse gliomas and build prediction models. It was concluded that SWI and CE-T1WI radiomics features can effectively predict the IDH1 genotype of diffuse gliomas, and CE-T1WI performed better. By combining SWI with CE-T1WI radiomics features, the prediction performance can be improved. |
| 2652 | Computer 16
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A Novel GBM Infiltration Biomarker for Predicting Outcome: Clinical Study & Translational Preclinical Validation of ADC vs Tumor Cellularity |
| Antoine Vallatos1, Haitham Al-Mubarak2, Joanna Birch3, Adam Waldman1, William Holmes2, Anthony Chalmers3, and Gerard Thompson1 | ||
1Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 3Wolfson Wohl Translational Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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We report a novel clinical putative glioblastoma (GBM) biomarker of infiltration which predicts overall survival at presentation. Given the extreme challenges in obtaining comprehensive spatially matched MRI and tissue in humans to explore the biomarker biology, we assessed the relation between tumoral cellularity and ADC values in matched histology and MRI in a rodent infiltrating human xenograft GBM model. We demonstrate that the ADC slope measured along linear profiles perpendicular to the boundary of solid macroscopic tumor visible on ADC is a biomarker predictive of overall survival in a single centre human cohort. We demonstrate a strong correlation between ADC and tumor cellularity in the preclinical model, supporting the hypothesis that a radial vectorial profile analysis of tumor ADC maps could provide with a robust clinical biomarker of glioblastoma cell infiltration and therefore outcome. |
| 2653 | Computer 17
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Influence of Arterial Transit Time Delay in Arterial Spin Labeling on Differentiating Tumor Progression and Pseudo-Progression in Glioblastoma |
| Daniëlle van Dorth1, Janey Jiang2,3, Bárbara Schmitz-Abecassis1, Robert J. I. Croese4,5, Martin J. B. Taphoorn5, Marion Smits6, Johan A. F. Koekkoek5, Linda Dirven5, Jeroen de Bresser3, and Matthias J. P. van Osch1 | ||
1C. J. Gorter Center for High-Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, HagaZiekenhuis, Den Haag, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Department of Neurology, Haaglanden Medical Center, Den Haag, Netherlands, 5Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 6Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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In the clinical follow-up of glioblastoma patients, presence of delayed arterial transit times (ATT) could affect the evaluation of ASL perfusion data. In this retrospective study the influence of the presence and severity of ATT-artifacts on perfusion assessment and differentiation between tumor progression and pseudo-progression were studied. The results show that the presence of ATT-artifacts lowers the agreement between radiological evaluation of DSC-MRI and ASL, although the severity of ATT-artifacts did not have significant influence. In conclusion, detection of ATT-artifacts is important as it could affect radiological evaluation of ASL-data. Future work aims to include additional quantitative perfusion measures. |
| 2654 | Computer 18
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Automated machine learning-based brain lesion segmentation on structural MRI acquired from traumatic brain injury patients |
| Ilkay Yildiz1, Rachael Garner1, Michael Douglas Morris2, Jesus Ruiz Tejeda2, Courtney Real2, Manuel Buitrago Blanco2, Paul Vespa2, and Dominique Duncan1 | ||
1Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, LOS ANGELES, CA, United States |
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can cause severe disorders, including post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). Lesion segmentation is an MRI-based analysis to identify brain structures that correlate with PTE development post-TBI. Unfortunately, manual segmentation, considered the gold standard, is highly tedious and noisy. Thus, we propose the first automated machine-learning based lesion segmentation method for MRI of TBI patients enrolled in the Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenic Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx). Experimental validation demonstrates considerable visual overlap of lesion predictions and ground-truths with 61% precision. Early and automated lesion segmentation via our approach can aid experts in MRI analysis and successful PTE identification following TBI. |
| 2655 | Computer 19
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Preferential utilization of acetate in human meningiomas |
| Omkar B Ijare1, David Baskin1, Suzanne Powell2, and Kumar Pichumani1 | ||
1Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States, 2Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States |
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Meningiomas are the most frequently reported central nervous system (CNS) tumors, accounting for 37% of all CNS tumors. Atypical meningiomas (WHO grade-II) show increased cellular proliferation and recurrence. Currently, no chemotherapy is part of the standard of care for meningiomas, and surgery followed by radiotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. Metabolism is the key to many biological processes including tumorigenesis. Unravelling metabolic phenotypes of various histological subtypes of meningiomas will identify new targets for the therapeutic intervention of these tumors. Here, we investigate the in vivo metabolism of [U-13C]glucose and [1,2-13C]acetate in meningioma patients using 13C NMR based isotopomer analysis. |
| 2656 | Computer 20
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IDH mutation prediction in glioma patients using 7T 3D-FID-MRSI |
| Sukrit Sharma1, Cornelius Cadrien1,2, Philipp Lazen 1, Julia Furtner3, Roxane Licandro4, Alexandra Lipkal5, Eva Heckova1, Lukas Hingerl1, Stanislav Motyka1, Stephan Gruber 1, Bernhard Strasser1, Barbara Kiesel2, Mario Mischkulnig2, Matthias Preusser6, Thomas Roetzer-Pejrimovsky7, Adelheid Wöhrer7, Michael Weber8, Christian Dorfer2, Karl Rössler2, Siegfried Trattnig5, Wolfgang Bogner1, Georg Widhalm2, and Gilbert Hangel1,2 | ||
1High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Computational Imaging Research Lab (CIR), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 5Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria, 6Division of Oncology, Department of Inner Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 7Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 8Division of Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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We used brain MRSI to explore the differentiation of gliomas regarding IDH-1 and Wildtype mutation. We found significant differencesin metabolites like Gln/NAA, Ins/NAA, and GPC+PCh/NAA using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test. More metabolites with signifi-cant differentiation were used for IDH classification using Random Forest, which also showed better classification results with additionalmetabolites than GPC+PCh/NAA alone. The ROC curve with more than GPC+PCh/NAA as feature yields an AUC value of 81 %. |
| 2657 | Computer 21
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Correlation of vessel size and cerebral blood volume measurements in glioma genetic subtypes |
| Fatemeh Arzanforoosh1, Sebastian R. Van Der Voort1,2, Fatih Incekara1,3, Arnaud J. P. Vincent 3, Martin Van den Bent2,3, Marion Smits1,2, and Esther A.H. Warnert1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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Deep insight about tumor microvasculature is important for diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients. Relative Cerebral Blood Volume (rCBV) and vessel size are two parameters, derived from perfusion MRI, used for evaluation of tumor microvasculature in glioma. In this study, we investigated the clinical value of both rCBV and vessel size and their correlation for three subgroups of glioma based on the recent 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification scheme. The result showed that neither rCBV nor vessel size differed significantly between glioma subtypes, though correlation of these two parameters sheds light on the microvasculature characteristics of each subgroup. |
| 2658 | Computer 22
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Using combined DSC and pcASL perfusion imaging to assess treatment response of high-grade glioma. |
| Mariia Khurtsylava1 and Maksym Kovratko1 | ||
1Diagnostic department, Capital medical center universal clinic Oberig, Kyiv, Ukraine |
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To determine the efficacy and feasibility of using combined DSC and ASL perfusion imaging in a routine protocol to assess the response to treatment of high-grade gliomas in adults. Perfusion imaging is performed for perform differentiation of tumor recurrence from radiation necrosis, since it provides information about angiogenesis at the microscopic level. The data obtained show that the combined use of ASL and DSC perfusion in a routine protocol can be considered as possible additional methods in differentiating recurrent tumor from pseudoprogression. |
| 2659 | Computer 23
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Machine Learning-Based Contrast Enhanced T2-FLAIR Radiomics method for predicting IDH1 Genotype of Diffuse Gliomas |
| Han Bao1, Yi Lu1, Qirui Zhao1, Zujun Hou2, Liuyang Chen3, Wei Xie1, Qing Wang1, Wei Zhao1, Tong-San Koh4, Lisha Nie5, and Zongfang Li1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China, 2Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology,, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China, 3Fisca Healthcare Ltd, Kumming, China, 4Department of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Center,Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 5MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The current study aims to build isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) genotype prediction models based on selected radiomics features derived from contrast-enhanced T2 fluid attenuated inversion recovery (CE-T2-FLAIR) in predicting IDH1 genotype of diffuse gliomas. Radiomics features from CE-T2-FLAIR images go a step further to enrich the content of MRI-based radiomics. It was concluded that machine learning-based radiomics of CE-T2-FLAIR could efficiently predict the IDH1 genotype of diffuse gliomas. |
| 2660 | Computer 24
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ITSS vasculature volume and Radiomics Features from MR SWI: Performance in Glioma Grading |
| Rupsa Bhattacharjee1,2, Rakesh Kumar Gupta3, Rana Patir4, Sandeep Vaishya4, Suneeta Ahlawat5, and Anup Singh1,6 | ||
1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Radiology & Biomedical Engineering, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Imaging, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gururam, India, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India, 5SRL Diagnostics, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India, 6Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Majority of the glioma studies rely on using radiomic-features extracted only from conventional MRI and noticeably limited in SWI. Main objective of the current study is to evaluate the role of SWI in glioma grading aided by machine-learning (ML) methods, in terms of ITSS-vasculature-volume(IVV), radiomic features and by combining both. We conclude SWI to be the one of the useful sequences in the glioma-analysis as it contributes to calculate the IVV, which can singlehandedly improve the glioma grading. When IVV is combined with radiomic-analysis used in combination with PCA feature reduction and RF ML classifier, the performance is marginally improved. |
| 2661 | Computer 25
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Tissue Sodium Concentration Quantifies Cell Response after Radiation Therapy with Stereotactic Radiosurgery |
| Anne Adlung1, Sherif A Mohamed2,3, Michaela AU Hoesl1, Frank A Giordano4,5, Eva Neumaier Probst2, Lothar R Schad1, and Arne M Ruder4,6 | ||
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 3Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 4Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 5Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 6Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany |
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We investigated TSC within Gross Tumor Volume (GTV), and surrounding tissue and healthy tissue (HR). 12 patients with a total of 14 GTV was included. 23Na MRI were acquired at three different time-points (2days pre-, 5days post-, 40days post-SRS). TSC was measured within GTV, HR and isodose-areas between 2 and 18Gy at all time-points. Results show changes in TSC within GTV shortly after SRS and subsequent TSC recovery. TSC was higher within higher isodose-areas showing a correlation of radiation exposure and TSC. Findings suggest that TSC might be able to quantify cell response to radiation of tumorous and healthy tissue. |
| 2662 | Computer 26
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Utility of T1WI and T2 FLAIR for Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Using Radiomics |
| Di Wang1, Baohui Lou2, Sicong Wang3, Pu-Yeh Wu3, Chunmei Li2, and Min Chen2 | ||
1Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, P.R. China, Beijing, China, 2Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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Radiomic features of bilateral RN and SN based on T1WI and T2 FLAIR from 100 PD patients and 100 healthy controls showed good performance in differentiation of PD, the radiomic model of combine T1WI and T2 FLAIR had best performance than individual T1WI and T2 FLAIR. Radiomics may provide MR imaging biomarkers for PD, and the routine MR sequence may help to diagnose PD using radiomics. |
| 2817 | Computer 97
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Assessing intrinsic parallel diffusivity changes in pediatric subjects acquired with NODDI. |
| Antonio Napolitano1, Martina Lucignani1, Chiara Parrillo1, Maria Camilla Rossi Espagnet1, Daniela Longo1, and Lorenzo Figà Talamanca1 | ||
1Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy |
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Investigating optimal NODDI intrinsic diffusivity d|| values in the first years of life would provide accurate diffusion properties estimation. We aimed to investigate d|| for 1-36 months range. Diffusion data from 265 baby Human Connectome Project subjects were processed and used for NODDI model fitting with MDT tool. Among different d|| tested, optimal value was chosen according to maximum LogLikelihood maps and investigated as a function of age. Infants exhibit optimal d|| values of 1.95 µm2 ms-1, where d|| decreases for increasing age. Based on our results, 1.7 µm2 ms-1 represent a suboptimal assumption in the case of infant population. |
| 2818 | Computer 98
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The effect of systematic errors reduction in the brain DTI on the 1.5T clinical MR scanner. |
| Anna Stefańska-Bernatowicz1, Weronika Mazur2, Rafał Obuchowicz3, and Artur Tadeusz Krzyżak1 | ||
1Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland, 2Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Sciences, AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland, 3Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland |
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BSD DTI is a method to reduce systematic errors observed in standard Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) of anisotropic tissues. In the work the effect of systematic errors reduction was shown based on DTI of the brain. Diffusion tensor parameters and tractography were compared between standard DTI (STD) and after the application of BSD DTI method in 11 ROIs chosen in axial and sagittal image planes. Depending on ROI eigenvalues and FA were under- or overestimated in STD, which was corrected by BSD DTI. Reduction of systematic errors leads to decreased standard deviation and improved diffusion tensor tractography. |
| 2819 | Computer 99
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Towards a high-density packing white matter substrate generator for Monte-Carlo simulations |
| Juan Luis Villarreal Haro1, Remy Gardier1, Erick J Canales-Rodríguez1, Gabriel Girard1,2,3, Jean-Philippe Thiran1,2,3, and Jonathan Rafael-Patino1,3 | ||
1Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2CIBM, Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Radiology Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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One main goal of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging is to infer microscopic tissue properties from the measured signal. The use of Monte-Carlo Simulations for DW-MRI on realistic substrates will help the study of DWI-MRI signals in controlled environments and to investigate, extract, and validate approaches for the understanding of white matter features. In this work, we present a novel framework for creating complex white matter phantoms with unprecedented characteristics like high packing density greater than 90% intra-axonal volume fraction and voxel size of (140 um)3. |
| 2820 | Computer 100
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Augmentation of Diffusion-Encoding Gradient Directions with Deep Learning is not suitable for dMRI clinical studies |
| Justino Rafael Rodríguez-Galván1, Carmen Martín-Martín1, Antonio Tristán-Vega1, Carlos Alberola-López1, and Santiago Aja-Fernández1 | ||
1Laboratorio de Procesado de Imagen, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain |
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Validation in Deep Learning for enhancement of diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging results usually sticks to conventional image similarity metrics. Despite those results, further research on synthetic data may result in discordance with the real one. In this paper we have compared 61 real gradient directions against 61 quasi-identical synthetic gradient directions, obtained by subsampling the real ones, for the assessment of the differences between chronic and episodic migraine patients. Even with high image comparison metrics, differences in t-test are not compelling. For that reason, we do not recommend synthetic images for clinical use. |
| 2733 | Computer 1
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Effect of circadian rhythm on brain NAD: an MRS study at 7 T |
| Zhiwei Huang1, Bernard Cuenoud2, Mickael Hartweg3, Daniel Wenz1, and Lijing Xin1 | ||
1Center for Biomedical Imaging, EPFL, Ecublens, Switzerland, 2Translation Research, Nestlé Health Science, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Clinical Research Unit, Nestlé Research and Development, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Our understanding of circadian rhythm has expanded to provide molecular insights into physiology and disease since the discovery of circadian clock.Pre-clinical experiments have shown that circadian rhythm is linked with the Nicotinamid Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) levels and the redox ratio. However, clinical data is still lacking. In this study, we aim to study the effect of circadian rhythm on NAD levels in the human brain. By measuring the NAD levels in the occipital lobe with 31P-MRS, preliminary interim results suggest a negative correlation trend between cortisol level and total NAD level. |
| 2734 | Computer 2
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Evaluation of brain volumetric changes and alterations in T1 relaxation times in American football players using 7 Tesla MRI |
| Oliver Kraff1, Cornelius Deuschl2, Richard Dodel3, Janis Evers3,4, Anika Nietert1,5, Annika Verheyen1,6, and Harald H Quick1,7 | ||
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MRI, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 2Dept. of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 3Chair of Geriatric Medicine, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 4Institute for Health Services Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany, 5Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, Gelsenkirchen, Germany, 6University of Applied Sciences Ruhr West, Mülheim, Germany, 7High-Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany |
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American football players were examined before and after a season of the German Football League. High resolution quantitative MRI at 7T for evaluations of volumetric changes and alterations in T1 relaxation times of various brain regions was performed. Age- and gender-matched subjects with no history of contact and collision sports served as a control group. In addition, structural susceptibility weighted imaging was compared between 3T and 7T. Loss of gray matter volume and an overall increase in T1 relaxation times were observed in players between both scans. SWI was superior in detecting cerebral microbleeds at 7T compared to 3T. |
| 2735 | Computer 3
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Sex-specific effects of prenatal tobacco exposure on cognitive and brain morphometry measures in preadolescent children |
| Pedro Juan Rodriguez Rivera1, Amal Isaiah 1,2,3, Thomas Ernst1,4, Christine Cloak1, Huajun Liang1, and Linda Chang1,4,5 | ||
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) can affect the offspring cognitive and brain development outcomes. Our study evaluated children who had PTE in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and found poorer overall cognitive scores, especially working memory scores, lower cortical surface areas and subcortical volumes, with smaller surface areas in the posterior cingulate (PCC) and entorhinal cortices, the lingual and inferior parietal gyri, and abnormally smaller volumes in the thalamus and nucleus accumbens. Furthermore, we found that only PTE-girls had significantly smaller surface areas in the postcentral gyrus, while only PTE-boys had smaller volumes in the posterior corpus callosum. |
| 2736 | Computer 4
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Brain morphometry abnormalities in children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech. |
| Paolo Bosco1, Laura Biagi1, Simona Fiori1, Clara Bombonato1, Michela Tosetti1, and Anna Chilosi1 | ||
1IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy |
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Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) is a pediatric speech sound disorder in which precision and consistency of speech movements are impaired in absence of neuromuscular and structural deficit. The cause of CAS remains poorly understood and few neuroimaging studies still exist in children with CAS. In this case-control study we compared both at ROI and voxel level the cerebral gray matter of CAS and healthy controls subjects. The statistical analyses show that gray matter in CAS children is increased in areas of motor circuitries subserving speech and in areas involving sensorimotor learning. |
| 2737 | Computer 5
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ACUTE CAFFEINE ADMINISTRATION AS A CONFOUND FOR q-MRI and volumetric MRI STUDIES |
| Vishaal Sumra1,2,3 and Sofia Chavez1,2,4 | ||
1Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) have the ability to confound structural and quantitative MRI studies. Caffeine is widely consumed and leads to strong decreases in CBF. Moderate caffeine users were scanned before and after caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee over two separate days. Percentage change in CBF maps, quantitative T1 maps, and estimates of grey matter volume (GMV) were assessed for the caffeinated coffee and decaffeinated coffee days. Robust decreases in CBF were observed, along with changes in T1 maps and estimates of GMV. Caffeine intake should be considered in studies relying on structural and quantitative MRI measures. |
| 2738 | Computer 6
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Heroin addiction and relapse-induced axonal transport impairment in the brain and detected by in vivo MRI |
| Yueyuan Luo1, Jun Yang2, Chengde Liao2, and Zhongping Zhang3 | ||
1Department of Radiology., The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China, 2Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China, 3Philips Healthcare China, Guangzhou, China |
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Heroin plays role in heroin-induced cognitive dysfunction is unclear. We used manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for to evaluate the effect of heroin on axon transport in the body. |
| 2739 | Computer 7
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Diffusion microstructure measurements across the brain and lifespan |
| Benjamin T Newman1 and T. Jason Druzgal1 | ||
1Department of Radiology & Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Understanding how the brain develops, matures, ages, and declines is one of the fundamental questions facing neuroscience1–3. Recent advances in diffusion microstructure analysis have allowed for detailed descriptions of neuronal change. However, it is essential that findings from these studies are appropriately contextualized to general age-related changes in the brain4,5. This study uses 3-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution (3T-CSD) to examine the relationship between brain diffusion microstructure and chronological age in a number of gross anatomical structures, subcortical gray matter, and cortex while additionally evaluating lateral differences in microstructural measurements. The results should serve as a benchmark for diffusion microstructure studies. |
| 2740 | Computer 8
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Evaluating the feasibility of quantifying longitudinal microstructural changes in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) with MAP-MRI |
| Priyanka M Nadar1,2, Alexandru V Avram3,4, Luca Marinelli5, and Peter J Basser3 | ||
1Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 4Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States, 5Global Research, General Electric, Niskayuna, NY, United States |
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Mean Apparent Propagator (MAP) MRI, an expansion of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), explicitly measures the distribution of net 3D displacements of diffusing water molecules, providing better delineation of crossing white matter fiber tracts. This characteristic may be useful in characterizing unseen microstructural damage in patients with mild traumatic brain injuries whose clinical imaging scans are otherwise normal. An image processing pipeline for using mean apparent propagator (MAP) MRI to analyze diffusion weighted images in mTBI patients has been validated in healthy controls and shown to generate reliable data for patient brain scans. |
| 2741 | Computer 9
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Advanced multimodal MRI detects premanifest and early-stage alterations in SCA1 and SCA3 with high sensitivity |
| Jayashree Chandrasekaran1, Young Woo Park1, Emilien Petit2, Sophie Tezenas du Montcel2, Michal Povazan3, Guita Banan4, Romain Valabregue2, Philipp Ehses5, Jennifer Faber5, James M. Joers1, Pierrick Coupé6, Jose Vincente Manjón Herrera7, Chiadi U. Onyike3, Peter B. Barker3, Jeremy D. Schmahman8, Eva Maria Ratai8, S.H Subramony4, Thomas H. Mareci4, Khalaf O. Bushara9, Henry Paulson10, Alexandra Durr2, Thomas Klockgether5, Tetsuo Ashizawa11, Christophe Lenglet1, and Gulin Oz1 | ||
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Sorbonne University, Paris, France, 3Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, 5German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 6University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 7Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 8Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 9University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 10University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 11The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States |
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Spinocerebellar ataxias are rare inherited neurodegenerative diseases that cause degeneration in the cerebellum and brainstem. The multi-site READISCA clinical trial readiness study aims to validate MR biomarkers at early stages of SCA1 and SCA3. SCA gene carriers (including individuals at pre-ataxic and ataxic stage) and matched controls (total N=107) were scanned at 3T to obtain structural and diffusion MRI and MR spectroscopy. Medulla, pons, and cerebellar peduncles were the earliest sites of involvement in both SCAs. Neurochemical and microstructural abnormalities were detected with very high sensitivity (AUC>0.9 in ROC analyses) prior to ataxia onset. |
| 2742 | Computer 10
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Qualitative and Quantitative Imaging Phenotypes can Predict CDKN2A/B Homozygous Deletion Status in IDH-mutant Astrocytomas |
| Yae Won Park1, Ki Sung Park2, Sung Soo Ahn1, Inho Park1, and Se Hoon Kim1 | ||
1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Pohang University of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion is a key molecular marker in the 2021 WHO classification of IDH-mutant astrocytomas; presence of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion results in a grade of 4. On multivariable analysis, infiltrative pattern, larger tumor volume, and higher 95th percentile of nCBV were independent predictors of CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion. The infiltrative pattern and larger volume may be reflected from the increased tumor cell proliferation, whereas the higher 95th percentile of nCBV may reflect the increased angiogenesis due to CDKN2A/B homozygous deletion. |
| 2743 | Computer 11
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Tissue-level probabilistic mapping of treatment-induced effects in recurrent glioblastoma |
| Jacob Ellison1,2,3, Nate Tran1,2,3, Julia Cluceru1,2, Joanna Phillips4,5, Anny Shai5, Devika Nair1, Annette Molinaro5, Valentina Pedoia1,2,3, Yan Li1,2,3, Javier Villanueva-Meyer1, Mitchel Berger5, Shawn Hervey-Jumper5, Manish Aghi5, Susan Chang5, and Janine Lupo1,2,3 | ||
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Center for Intelligent Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Graduate Group in Bioengineering, UCSF - UC Berkeley, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4Brain Tumor Research Center, UCSF, San Fransisco, CA, United States, 5Neurological Surgery, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Treatment-induced effects can mimic tumor recurrence and pose a challenge to accurately assessing treatment response. We aim to provide a machine learning framework and identify important imaging features for discriminating treatment-induced injury from recurrent glioblastoma at biopsy level resolution. Our best model performs with a mean AUC of .77+/-0.11 across 4 fold cross-validation of 108 tissue samples. rCBV, choline-to-NAA index (CNI), and normalized lipid levels were the top three most import features in distinguishing treatment effects from recurrent tumor. |
| 2744 | Computer 12
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Clinical Implementation of Novel PACS-based Deep Learning Glioma Segmentation Algorithm |
| Sara Merkaj1, Khaled Bousabarah2, Lin MingDe1, Andrej Pala3, Gabriel Cassinelli Petersen1, Leon Jekel1, Ryan Bahar1, Niklas Tillmanns4, Ajay Malhotra1, Malte Westerhoff2, and Mariam Aboian1 | ||
1Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Visage Imaging, Berlin, Germany, 3Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, 4University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany |
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Tumor segmentation is a laborious process, which impedes the progress of data production for development of classification/prediction algorithms. We present a novel PACS-based workflow for deep learning-based auto-segmentation of gliomas that allows generation of annotated images during clinical workflow. We developed a U-Net auto-segmentation algorithm natively imbedded in PACS and trained on BraTS dataset. Subsequent retraining on tertiary hospital dataset was performed and generation of new segmentations, allowing labeling of 440 gliomas in a three-months period. This novel approach for annotated data generation allows real-time building of large, labeled datasets by experts in the field. |
| 2745 | Computer 13
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A Deep Learning Approach for Automated Volume Delineation on Daily MRI Scans in Glioblastoma Patients |
| Adrian Lazaro Breto1, Kaylie Cullison2, Kolton Jones3, Olmo Zavala-Romero4, John C Ford1, Eric A Mellon1, and Radka Stoyanova1 | ||
1Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, United States, 2University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States, 3West Physics, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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Identifying early progressors following treatment for Glioblastoma (GBM) is paramount in GBM management. MRI-RT platforms provide opportunity for daily MRI of patients. We identified early changes in tumor volume typically starting week 3 or 4 of treatment. We hypothesize tumor volume kinetics are associated with outcome and allow for adapting treatment. We develop a deep learning solution for automatic volume delineation on daily scans, allowing real time monitoring of tumor changes and reducing time burden of segmentation. We obtained DSC for tumor lesion and resection cavity on training and test datasets (mean±standard deviation) 0.87±0.128 and 0.9±0.122; 0.74±0.233 and 0.8±0.277, respectively. |
| 2746 | Computer 14
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T2 Relaxometry in the Prediction of Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Primary Glioblastoma: Whole Brain and Deep Learning Approach |
| Aaron Rulseh1 and Josef Vymazal1 | ||
1Dept. of Radiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Any methods that may improve confirmation or early detection of progression are highly desirable. T2 relaxometry shows great promise in the monitoring of GBM patients following complex therapy. We found WB metrics, such as median 1/T2, correlated with PFS and were able to distinguish progression from pseudo-progression. A deep neural network trained on automatically segmented 1/T2 data achieved an F1 accuracy of 85% in classifying progression with a threshold of 18 months. |
| 2747 | Computer 15
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ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT RESPONSE TO DC VACCINE IN RECURRENT GBM PATIENTS USING MULTIPARAMETRIC MRI PREDICTION MODEL |
| Laiz Laura de Godoy1, Sumei Wang1, Shadi Asadollahi1, MacLean P. Nasrallah1, Donald M. O’Rourke1, Steven Brem1, Arati Desai1, Laurie Loevner1, Suyash Mohan1, and Sanjeev Chawla1 | ||
1Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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The highly aggressive nature of glioblastoma (GBM) leads to a dismal prognosis, and alternative therapies are being sought. Immunotherapy, such as the Dendritic Cell (DC) vaccine, is currently being evaluated for recurrent GBMs in clinical trials. Follow-up imaging after this immunotherapeutic approach often mimics disease progression on conventional images, making standard MRI evaluation challenging. Our findings indicate that our previously established multiparametric MRI-based prediction model has the capacity to accurately assess response to DC vaccine in recurrent GBM patients, objectively characterizing as either TP or PsP GBM patients, avoiding interruptions in satisfactory treatments, and preventing invasive procedures in PsP cases. |
| 2748 | Computer 16
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AI-driven markers of IDH1 mutational status using microstructure-based characterization of peritumoral region in gliomas |
| Zahra Riahi Samani1, Drew Parker1, Steven Brem2, and Ragini Verma1 | ||
1DiCIPHR (Diffusion and Connectomics in Precision Healthcare Research) Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We developed a novel, microstructure-based, voxel-wise map of the peritumoral region in glioma brain tumors using DTI-based free water volume fraction map and deep-learning. This novel map captures the infiltrative heterogeneity of peritumoral region and can differentiate between gliomas with distinct IDH1 mutation status (IDH-mutant vs. IDH-wildtype). Thus, this new derived map that incorporates microstructure information can be used as a new diffusion based radiomic feature for various oncological investigations involving mutation status. |
| 2749 | Computer 17
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Machine Learning based Differentiation of Non-Enhancing Tumor from Vasogenic Edema in patients with Low Grade Gliomas using DCE-MRI |
| Virendra Kumar Yadav1, Rakesh Kumar Gupta2, Sumeet Agarwal3, and Anup Singh1,4 | ||
1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, 2Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India, 3Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, 4Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India |
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Precise safe surgical resection and precisely directed radiation are important in clinical practice for low-grade gliomas (LGGs) patients in order to minimize the neurological deficit and radiation toxicity, respectively. Clinicians find difficulty in defining the border between the non-enhancing tumor and edema components. In this study, machine learning-based models were developed in order to distinguish non-enhancing tumors from vasogenic edema using quantitative perfusion parameters obtained using dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI. The proposed approach may help in assisting radiologists, by defining precise tumor boundaries and hence, results in improving patients’ quality of life and overall survival. |
| 2875 | Computer 85
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Characterising Brain White Matter Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes: A UK Biobank Study of Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging. |
| Abdulmajeed Alotaibi1,2,3, Amjad AlTokhis1,3, Anna Podlasek1,3, Chris Tench1,3, Sieun Lee1,3, Cris Constantinescu3,4,5, and Rob Dineen1,3,5 | ||
1Clinical Neurosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Radiological Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, 3Precision Imaging Beacon of Excellence, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Neurology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States, 5NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with subtle microstructural alteration of brain white matter. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been widely applied to evaluate white matter microstructural pathology in type 2 diabetes; however, DTI has limitations and lacks specificity. Using UK Biobank data, we applied neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) as an alternative advanced diffusion method to overcome DTI limitations. In this study, NODDI showed its potential role in giving a better biophysical characterisation of white matter neuroaxonal pathology in type 2 diabetes compared to DTI. |
| 2876 | Computer 86
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Longitudinal Fixel-Based Analysis of diffusion MRI in the zQ175 Huntington’s disease mouse model |
| Nicholas Vidas-Guscic1,2, Joëlle van Rijswijk1,2, Johan Van Audekerke1,2, Ben Jeurissen2,3, Stephan Missault1,2, Dorian Pustina4, Haiying Tang4, Roger Cachope4, Longbin Liu4, Celia Dominguez4, Ignacio Munoz-Sanjuan4, Annemie Van der Linden1,2, and Marleen Verhoye1,2 | ||
1Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 2µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 3Vision-Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 4CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, United States |
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Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and cognitive abilities. In this study, we present the outcome of a longitudinal multi-shell DWI investigation of the zQ175 HD mouse model using the diffusion tensor, diffusion kurtosis, and fixel-based analysis. This study reveals microstructural deficits at an early stage of the disease that mainly affect the diffusion tensor in corpus callosum and kurtosis in caudate putamen and grey matter, while fiber cross-section is reduced in major fiber bundles. At a late stage, many white matter fiber bundles show deficits that are indicative of differential myelination and potential axonal pathology. |
| 2877 | Computer 87
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Exploring Myelin Imaging Biomarkers in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease |
| Caroline Koehler1, Paul Kuntke1, Prativa Sahoo2, Hannes Wahl1, Sean C Deoni3, Hagen H. Kitzler1, and Steffi Dreha-Kulaczewski2 | ||
1Institut for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany, 2Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medicine Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany, 3Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, RI, United States |
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Advanced MRI techniques bear great potential to explore myelination in hypomyelinating leukodystrophies such as Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) in-vivo. Quantitative imaging biomarkers which reflect myelin, its spatial distribution, and dynamics during brain maturation are not readily available i.e. to monitor natural disease courses. In a pilot study including three PMD patients, multi-component relaxation which enables the evaluation of relative myelination by estimating the myelin water fraction (MWF) was obtained from 56 region of interest (ROI). Determination of ROIs was facilitated by coregistration of the patients data to a pediatric atlas and compared to age matched healthy controls. |
| 2878 | Computer 88
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Acute Global Structural and Diffusivity Changes Following Treatment with MRgFUS |
| Kain Kyle1,2, Yael Barnett3, Stephen Tisch3, Ben Jonker3, Arkiev D'Souza1, Jerome Maller4, Michael Barnett1,2, Joel Maamary3, and Chenyu Wang1,2 | ||
1University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2Sydney Neuroimaging Analysis Centre, Sydney, Australia, 3St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 4GE Healthcare Australia, Melbourne, Australia |
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MRgFUS is a non-invasive procedure for the treatment of tremor, involving the application of high-energy ultrasound waves to ablate tissue in the brain in regions implicated in tremor networks. There is a lack of data on the acute changes outside the ablated region following treatment with MRgFUS. This investigation sought to examine changes in brain volume and diffusion tensor metrics following treatment with MRgFUS. |
| 2879 | Computer 89
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Myelin Alterations during the Development of an Absence Seizure Mouse Model |
| Gustavo Chau Loo Kung1, Juliet Knowles2, Lijun Ni2, John Huguenard2, Michelle Monje2, and Jennifer McNab3 | ||
1Bioengineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Neurology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Radiology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Maladaptive myelination may be related to the increasing frequency of absence seizures. To explore this connection, we performed MRI microstructural measurements in ex vivo mouse brains from the Scn8amed+/- model of absence epilepsy in two cohorts of mice at two points of their development, both before and after seizures were well established. Our MRI g-ratio results strongly agree with our previous findings based on electron microscopy and show a clear alteration of myelination throughout the anterior portion of the corpus callosum. |
| 2880 | Computer 90
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Early MRI biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): DTI and functional connectivity. |
| Juan Carlos Quizhpilema1, Pablo Lecumberri2, Marta Vidorreta3, Tamara Laxe4, Mikel San Miguel5, Javier Díaz6, Inmaculada Pagola5, Marisol Gómez1, Ivonne Jericó5, and Teresa Cabada4 | ||
1Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, UPNA, Pamplona, Spain, 2Movalsys, Pamplona, Spain, 3Siemens Healthineers, Madrid, Spain, 4Radiology department, HUN, Pamplona, Spain, 5Neurology department, HUN, Pamplona, Spain, 6Psychiatry department, HUN, Pamplona, Spain |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by damage to motor neurons. The search for early biomarkers is relevant due to their rapid progression.This study aims to analyze structural and functional measures in a group of newly diagnosed ALS patients, compare them with a group of healthy controls, and evaluate changes longitudinally at a 6-month follow-up.Twenty patients and 15 controls were recruited. The MRI examination included a T1-weighted scan, DTI, rs-fMRI. ALS shows involvement in motor and non-motor areas as shown by DTI in cortical activity in the early phase and in time progression. |
| 2881 | Computer 91
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Mind the Myelin: Investigating the therapeutic impact of exercise on white matter damage in a rodent model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders |
| Katrina Milbocker1, Eric Brengel1, Gillian LeBlanc1, and Anna Klintsova1 | ||
1Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, NEWARK, DE, United States |
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Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is an umbrella term used to identify individuals with a history of prenatal alcohol exposure which results in a spectrum of diagnostic disorders. 1 in 20 infants born in the U.S. has been diagnosed with an FASD, creating a major public health crisis. Deficits in corpus callosum myelination resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure have been correlated with impairments to perceptual learning and executive function in adolescents diagnosed with FASD. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of an exercise intervention to ameliorate alcohol-induced damage to corpus callosum myelination in a rodent model of FASD. |
| 2882 | Computer 92
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Myelin Water Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients |
| Ruitian Song1, John O. Glass1, and Wilburn E. Reddick1 | ||
1Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States |
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Myelin water imaging (MWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed at two longitudinal time points, approximately two years apart, during chemotherapy in patients treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). DTI metrics correlated with MWF and LWF at time point 1, but the correlations were weaker at time point 2 (TP2). This may be caused by a possible decoupling of the relationship at TP2 as the brain is recovering from the impact of chemotherapy. |
| 2883 | Computer 93
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Comprehensive brainstem imaging using MT, QSM and DTI for atypical parkinsonism diagnosis |
| Samy Abo Seada1, Anke W. van der Eerden1, Agnita Boon2, and Juan A. Hernandez-Tamames1,3 | ||
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Imaging Physics, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands |
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Differentiating atypical parkinsonism (AP) from idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains a challenge in clinical practice. Based on a recent review on differentiating atypical parkinsonisms using MRI, we developed a dedicated MRI protocol including magnetization transfer (MT), quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for improving diagnosis. Using pilot data from a healthy volunteer, we show how the assessment of important structures (substantia nigra and locus coeruleus) can be improved using a comprehensive combination of MRI techniques. |
| 2884 | Computer 94
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Abnormal Cerebral Microstructures in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Study |
| Jia Yan Shi1 and Hua Jun Chen2 | ||
1Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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Our study aim to investigate cerebral microstructural changes in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) for the first time. ALS patients showed mean kurtosis metrics (MK) reductions in several gray/white matter areas. The spatial distribution of the regions with reduced radial kurtosis(RK) was similar to those with decreased MK. No significant axial kurtosis(AK) difference was found between groups. The correlation analysis revealed significant associations between DKI metrics and clinical assessments. Additionally, several white matter regions showed between-group differences in conventional diffusion metrics; but the spatial extent was smaller than that with reduced DKI metrics. |