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| 3815 | Effect of the perfusion lag structure removal on task fMRI | |
| Toshihiko Aso1 and Takuya Hayashi1 | ||
1Laboratory for Brain Connectomics Imaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan |
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A lag structure in the fMRI signal, created by a combination of the low-frequency oscillation and perfusion delay, has been suggested as being a noise component, but its removal has not been established as a denoising approach. Using an HCP task-fMRI dataset, we report that the removal of this lag structure, or deperfusioning, has a unique effect on fMRI group analysis both qualitatively and quantitatively. Increased sensitivity of the treatment in some condition was emphasized by switching from volume- to surface-based analysis, suggesting concomitant improvement of specificity. Unfavorable effect was also suggested depending on the task condition, warranting further investigation. |
| 3816 | Disentangling hippocampal perfusion from the macrovasculature using ASL and TOF at 7T | |
| Roy AM Haast1, Sriranga Kashyap2, Jordan DeKraker1, Dimo Ivanov2, Benedikt A Poser2, and Ali R Khan1,3 | ||
1Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 2Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) at 7T can be used to map cerebral blood flow (CBF) at a high spatial resolution. Previously, we have shown that different hippocampal subfields have differences in perfusion, owing to potential differences in their vascular density. Hippocampal imaging at 7T can be challenging and requires optimizations of acquisition methods, as well as integration of novel analysis strategies. Here, we map high-resolution quantitative multi-modal MRI data (T1, CBF, time-of-flight angiography) in the human hippocampus to disentangle perfusion and macrovasculature at 7T. |
| 3817 | Whole-Brain Functional MRI in Human Subjects Wearing Metallic Orthodontic Braces | |
| Xinyuan Miao1,2, Yuankui Wu1,2,3, Dapeng Liu1,2, Qin Qin1,2, Peter C.M van Zijl1,2, Jay J. Pillai4,5, and Jun Hua1,2 | ||
1Neurosection, Division of MRI Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Medical Imaging, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 4Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Neuroradiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Metallic objects such as dental braces bring substantial susceptibility artifacts in MR images acquired using echo-planar-imaging (EPI) sequences. Gradient-echo EPI is currently the most commonly adopted sequence for blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) in humans, which suffers from susceptibility artifacts including signal dropout and geometric distortion in the presence of metallic implants. Here, we demonstrate that T2-prepared (T2prep) BOLD fMRI can significantly reduce susceptibility artifacts that are commonly seen in GRE EPI in the presence of metallic orthodontic braces. |
| 3818 | Mouse fMRI of visual stimulation in awake vs. anesthetized condition | |
| THI NGOC ANH DINH1 and Seong Gi Kim1 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon-si, Korea, Republic of |
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Mouse fMRI has been increasingly used in the MRI community. Here, we developed an awake mouse fMRI protocol and compared BOLD fMRI responses responding to visual stimulation of 5 Hz and 10 Hz, obtained during awake and anesthetized conditions. Our 9.4-T BOLD-fMRI showed activities in all visual areas including LGN, superior colliculus, and V1, and can be well-explained by electrophysiology literature. |
| 3819 | Simultaneous functional and anatomical high-resolution imaging using BISEPI at 7T | |
| Guoxiang Liu1,2, Adnan Shah1,2, and Takashi Ueguchi1,2 | ||
1Brain Function Analysis and Imaging Lab, CiNet, NICT, Osaka, Japan, 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan |
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A novel method for simultaneous functional and anatomical imaging is presented for high-resolution fMRI at 7T. An RF inversion pulse is used before two EPI acquisition trains where functional scans are acquired alternating between shorter and longer inversion times (TIs). Post-processing division of the shorter TI functional scan with the longer TI functional scan allows improved localization of brain activity in high-resolution fMRI at 7T. The proposed method allows simultaneous imaging of brain function and anatomy as the grey matter tissues can easily be segmented out from the resulting functional images, ensuring their perfect alignment required for detecting functional activity. |
| 3820 | Temporal SNR in multiecho fMRI and its dependence on the choice of weights | |
| Thomas Liu1, Bochao Li2, Conan Chen1, Brice Fernandez3, Baolian Yang4, and Suchandrima Banerjee5 | ||
1Center for Functional MRI, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Buc, France, 4GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 5GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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In multi-echo fMRI, data from multiple echoes are combined using weights. We use the framework of the generalized Rayleigh quotient (GRQ) to derive the optimal weights for temporal SNR (tSNR) and multi-echo tSNR (metSNR) measures of performance. We also examine the sensitivity of both these measures to the choice of weights. We find that metSNR measures are relatively insensitive to the weights in gray matter regions as compared to tSNR measures, which show greater sensitivity in these regions. We interpret the findings using the form of the GRQ. |
| 3821 | In vivo Direct MR Imaging of Mouse Whisker Sensory Responses | |
| Tan Toi Phan1,2 and Jang-Yeon Park1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea |
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Although there are debates on direct MR imaging of neuronal activity, the feasibility of this topic has been finding in various different ways. Herein, we propose an effective method of line-scan-based FLASH (LS-FLASH) imaging to directly capture sensory responses of in vivo mouse brain with a 5-ms temporal resolution. The response delay of ~10 - 15 ms between the thalamus and somatosensory barrel cortex (S1BF) was observed when the electrical stimulation was applied to the left mouse whisker area. |
| 3822 | Optimization of vascular and functional sensitivity using multi-contrast, multi-echo SAGE-EPI for fMRI | |
| Maurizio Bergamino1, Lori Steffes1, Ashlyn Gonzales2, Leslie Baxter2, and Ashley M. Stokes1 | ||
1Neuroimaging Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Neuropsychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-contrast, multi-echo sequence using spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) for fMRI; furthermore, we sought to assess various analysis schemes for optimal quantification of fMRI. For this purpose, we acquired SAGE-fMRI data with five echoes (2 gradient-echo, 2 asymmetric spin-echoes, and 1 spin-echo) using a visual stimuli task in 8 healthy subjects. Analysis was performed using each echo signal individually, using weighting factors to combine dynamic signals, and by quantifying dynamic R2* and R2 time-courses. These methods are compared to determine the optimal analysis method for SAGE-fMRI. |
| 3823 | Study of the Spinal Cord BOLD functional response | |
| Michela Fratini1,2, Mauro Di Nuzzo2, Marta Moraschi3, Laura Maugeri2,4, fabio mangini2, daniele mascali3, and federico giove3 | ||
1CNR-Nanotec, Roma, Italy, 2fondazione Santa Lucia, Roma, Italy, 3centro fermi, Roma, Italy, 4CNR-Nanotec, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Italy |
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Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) techniques are widely exploited for the study of brain activation. Similar approaches have been repeatedly attempted in the spinal cord, but spinal cord fMRI has not yet affirmed as habitual tool for the assessment of spinal cord function. One of the reasons is that the features of the functional contrast are still partially unknown. In the present work, we study the relationship between the intensity of the motor stimulation (performing a controlled motor task with the dominant hand ) and the amplitude of the functional response in healthy |
| 3824 | Characterising the effect of flip angle in the acquisition of sub-millimetre resolution 3D GE-EPI at 7T | |
| Sriranga Kashyap1, Laurentius Huber1, Dimo Ivanov1, Denizhan Kurban1, David A Feinberg1,2,3, and Benedikt A Poser1 | ||
1Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre (MBIC), Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States, 3Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States |
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Sub-millimetre resolution is desirable for laminar-fMRI to reduce partial-voluming with neighbouring tissues. CSF signal fluctuations can be a confound in voxels that lie at the CSF-GM interface due to physiological processes such as activation. The 3D-EPI readout, used with sub-millimetre fMRI studies, suppresses the CSF signals (long-T1 vs. short-TR). However, the degree of suppression is dependent on the flip angle used. In this study, we investigate the signal contributions of different tissue compartments by systematically varying the flip angle and map the flip angle dependence of tSNR as a function of cortical depth at 0.8 mm isotropic resolution at 7T. |
| 3825 | Multislab multiband 3D EPI for simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution at 7T | |
| Luca Vizioli1, Steen Moeller1, Edward Auerbach1, Kamil Ugurbil1, and Essa Yacoub1 | ||
1CMRR, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Ultra-high field scanners allow recording BOLD images with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. These highly precise measurements permit studying the human brain at the mesoscale level, investigating the roles of some of the most fundamental units of neural computations, namely, layers and columns. These submillimeter recordings are however SNR-starved and the ideal choice of sequence remains to be determined. Here, we show that by using a multislab multiband 3D EPI approach we can achieve simultaneously high spatial and temporal resolution for sub-millimeter fMRI applications at 7T. We compare this approach to the more common strategies of 3D EPI and 2D MB EPI. |
| 3826 | Apparent attenuation of BOLD macro-vascular contributions with high-frequency stimuli | |
| Daniel E. P. Gomez1,2,3, Nina E. Fultz1,3, Shahin Nasr1,2, Jonathan R. Polimeni1,2,4, and Laura D. Lewis1,3 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 4Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Boston, MA, United States |
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Fast fMRI signals may reflect an enhanced relative contribution of fast microvascular signals in the BOLD response. In the current work we tested whether using fast oscillatory stimulus frequencies indeed leads to a relative attenuation of the signal from draining veins, as compared to the microvasculature. Our results suggest that the relative contribution of deep BOLD signals is enhanced at high stimulus frequencies. |
| 3827 | Locally reduced cerebral blood flow in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis | |
| Kirsty Hett1, Eleonora Patitucci1, Hannah Chandler1, Michael Germuska1, Benjamin Hope-Gill2, and Richard Wise1,3 | ||
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 3Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy |
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Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a palliative lung condition. Neuroimaging has the potential to shed light on the neural pathways of cough, a common, troublesome symptom in IPF. However, given the nature of the condition, it is important to first understand the physiological state of brain tissue before investigating functional networks. No significant differences in brain volume were observed in IPF patients but a localised reduction in resting perfusion was seen. There was no difference in functional response when performing a combined motor and visual task. The results support future neuroimaging investigation into the cough pathway in IPF. |
| 3828 | Investigating Human Brain Negative Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) with Functional Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (fQSM) | |
| Wei-Hao Huang1, Hong-Yi Wu1, Yun-An Huang2, Po-Wei Cheng1, Chia-Ming Shih1, and Jyh-Horng Chen1,2 | ||
1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Interdisciplinary MRI/MRS Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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We aim to use fQSM to investigate the phenomenon of negative BOLD with a visual stimulation task. fQSM data of 14 subjects was reconstructed with the phase information. The results show the negative BOLD is located in the identical brain region of Calcarine in both fMRI or fQSM analysis. In the future, we will optimize fQSM reconstruction method. A reliable fQSM is able to improve the understanding of the underline mechanism of fMRI BOLD. |
| 3829 | Improving breath-hold cerebrovascular reactivity mapping with multi-echo BOLD fMRI | |
| Stefano Moia1, Maite Termenon1, Eneko Uruñuela-Tremiño1, Rachael C. Stickland2, Molly G. Bright2,3, and César Caballero-Gaudes1 | ||
1Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, San Sebastián, Spain, 2Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an emerging metric for quantifying vascular health. During a BOLD fMRI acquisition, breath-holding is a simple approach for increasing blood CO2 levels, thereby driving the vasodilatory CVR response. However, breath-holding is associated with increased head motion artifacts, which can confound our estimates of CVR. We demonstrate that multi-echo BOLD fMRI acquisitions, in conjunction with denoising with multi-echo independent component analysis approaches, enable better differentiation of true vasodilatory responses and improve the reliability of CVR estimates across multiple sessions in highly sampled individuals. |
| 3830 | A novel statistical 3D cortical vascular network to simulate realistic hemodynamic changes in the human brain | |
| Mario G. Báez-Yáñez1, Jeroen Siero1,2, and Natalia Petridou1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging Amsterdam, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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We present a statistical 3D computational model that mimics the human cortical vascular network. This approach allows to study the hemodynamic changes and to simulate biophysical effects across the vascular network, as well as to investigate the dynamic BOLD fMRI signal formation. In order to extract quantitative parameters of the BOLD fMRI signal in humans, it is necessary to adopt a computational model that resembles the human cortical vasculature and mimics realistic hemodynamic fluctuations triggered by neurovascular coupling. Simulating the biophysical effects of tissue related to hemodynamic changes will provide accurate information on the origins of the BOLD signal time-course. |
| 3831 | Vascular and neurovascular effects on micro- and macro-vascular compartments in human visual cortex. | |
| Wouter Schellekens1, Alex Bhogal1, Jeroen Siero1, and Natalia Petridou1 | ||
1Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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In the current study, we investigate the contribution of non-neuronal and neuronal-related hemodynamic changes to the BOLD signal for micro- and macro-vascular compartments. Vascular reactivity was assessed using CO2 and O2 gas administration, as well as brief visual stimuli, while we used gradient-echo and spin-echo across different cortical depths to specifically target different vascular compartments. We found that gradient-echo responded clearly to the gas challenges, also affecting the neurovascular hemodynamic response function. These effects were not seen for spin-echo, suggesting that the spatiotemporal characteristics of micro-vessels may not solely be affected by vascular properties. |
| 3832 | Characterization of regional differences in cerebral vascular response to breath holding using BOLD fMRI | |
| Hui-Chieh Yang1, Tsai-Ying Liao2, Guan-Jie Wang3, Chun-Ming Chen4, and Shin-Lei Peng3 | ||
1Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 4Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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Previous studies have demonstrated that cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) depends on the baseline vascular dilation status between groups. Within the brain, there also exist spatial variations in resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CVR across different cerebral regions; however, the relationship between regional CBF and CVR remains unclear. We found the frontal lobe had the maximal resting CBF but the minimal vascular response to hypercapnia, whereas the occipital lobe had the lowest rest CBF but the maximal reactivity to hypercapnia, suggesting that there is a small and a large autoregulatory efficiency at high and low resting CBF in the brain, respectively. |
| 3833 | 30-day Reliability Assessments between Cortisol, Vigilance and Brain Activity | |
| Yu-Lun Su1, Hong-Yi Wu2, Po-Yi Chen2, Chi-Yun Liu1, Ai-Ling Hsu3, Yi-Ping Chao4, and Changwei Wesley Wu5 | ||
1Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Quanta Computer Inc., Taoyuan, Taiwan, 4Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 5Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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To estimate the reliability of task-fMRI, we conducted a repeated measure fMRI study of psychomotor vigilance task once per day and 30 days in total. Salivary cortisol and sleep duration were taken into consideration based on previous study. However, we found dramatic within-subject variability in the brain activity of dACC and primary motor cortex. The cortisol showed insignificant association with brain activity, but sleep duration affected the motor and temporal cortices. Such finding suggests that the PVT-based fMRI showed large variability across different days, which might be associated with the deviations of sleep duration. |
| 3834 | CBF alteration in human obesity: An arterial spin labeling study | |
| Guan-Jie Wang1, Chun-Ming Chen2, and Shin-Lei Peng1 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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Obesity is accompanied with damage to several organs including the brain. Although an extensive body of neuroimaging literature indicates that brain structure deteriorates with obesity, little information related to the relationship between CBF and obesity is available. In this study, we investigated the potential influence of body mass index (BMI) on brain abnormalities in young adults by combining functional and structural MRI studies. Results show CBF measured with the noninvasive MRI technique decreased as the BMI increased, as manifested by altered CBF in thalamus and visual-associated areas, including Brodmann areas (BA)7, BA18, and BA19 |
| 3835 | Respiratory related brain pulsations are disturbed in epilepsy | |
| Janne Kananen1, Timo Tuovinen2, Vesa Korhonen2, Niko Huotari2, Hanna Ansakorpi3, Pierre LeVan4, and Vesa Kiviniemi2 | ||
1Medicine, Radiology, OFNI, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 2University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 3Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, 4University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Fast-fMRI has become a potent tool in researching brain physiology more accurately than before and it can detect changes in the blood oxygen level‐dependent signal, even if there is no epileptiform activity present. These detectable changes suggest that in epilepsy there are alterations in the brain physiology. With utilization of coefficient of variation (CV) method for patients with epilepsy (PWE), we detected a robust increase of CV in patients with in white matter, brainstem and temporal lobes in PWE at group level. Importantly, individual mapping of possible epileptic abnormality is also possible. |
| 3836 | Regional effects of caffeine on BOLD fMRI calibration constant M | |
| Rebecca J Williams1, Jacinta L Specht1, Wen-Ming Luh2, Erin L Mazerolle1, and G. Bruce Pike1 | ||
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Estimating M value using a gas challenge is an essential component of calibrated fMRI. M is the maximal possible BOLD response and reflects baseline physiology such as CBF, CBV and CMRO2. Despite its common use, it is unknown how caffeine ingestion affects M. Here it is demonstrated that caffeine increases M regionally, with frontal brain regions including the paracingulate and anterior cingulate gyrus particularly affected. M increases were found in the context of decreased baseline CBF. These results indicate that caffeine may be implicated in regional uncoupling between CBF and CMRO2 which causes an increase in M. |
| 3837 | Voluntary action rhythmically modulates 7T BOLD visual responses in primary visual cortex | |
| Maria Concetta Morrone1, Alessandro Benedetto1, Mauro Costagli2, Michela Tosetti2, and Paola Binda1 | ||
1Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 2IRCCS Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy |
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Behavioral visual sensitivity modulates rhythmically in synchrony with the onset of a voluntary action. Using 7T fMRI, we demonstrate similar oscillations of primary visual cortex (V1) BOLD responses to brief visual stimuli presented at different delays from the onset of an action. The oscillations are limited to the stimulated V1 region and not to peripheral V1 (which responds to the motor action). The peak responses of V1 BOLD activity are functionally connected to primary motor cortex, suggesting that motor cortex drives the rhythmic oscillation of V1. These results support the suggestion of a possible role of oscillations for visuo-motor coordination. |
| 3838 | Characteristics of temporal dynamics of intrinsic brain activity in unmedicated bipolar II disorder with suicidality | |
| JiaYing Gong1,2, Guanmao Chen1, Yanbin Jia3, Long Qian4, Li Huang1, and Ying Wang1 | ||
1Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 4MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The alterations of brain dynamics in bipolar disorder (BD) with suicidality are still unknown. Dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) was evaluated using sliding window analysis, and the severity of suicidality was predicted using a multivariate regression model between 106 BD II participants. Our findings suggest that alterations of temporal variability in the precuneus/ posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is a common feature of BD participants, the right temporal lobe involved in impulsivity, social and emotional processing are associated with suicidality in BD II depression |
| 3839 | Attention field size alters patterns of population receptive field in the early visual cortex | |
| Bo Liu1, Xiaochun Wang1,2, Le Wang2, Qiaojun Qu1, Xiang Feng3, Wei Zhang1, Bin Wang4, and Hui Zhang1,2 | ||
1College of Medical Imaging, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China, 2Department of Radiology, First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China, 3MR Scientific Marketing, Diagnosis Imaging, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing 100102, China, 4College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China |
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The effect of attention field (AF) is not only constrained to spatial positions of attention but also to size. However, the direct link of AF size to receptive field (RF) has not been well established. In our study, we demonstrated remarkable modulation of AF in the early visual cortex, with regard to size and location of population receptive field (pRF), emphatically. Specially, the differences in pRF size between focused and distributed attention conditions increase with eccentricity, especially in the V3 area. Considering pRF location, eccentricity is larger under distributed attention conditions than under focused attention conditions at the perifovea in the V3 area. |
| 3840 | Comparing MRI and Doppler measures of resting Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrovascular Reactivity in the young and old | |
| Claire V Burley1,2, Susan T Francis3, Samuel JE Lucas1, and Karen Mullinger4 | ||
1Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 23Dementia Centre for Research Collaboration, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 3Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovasculature responsiveness (CVR) are becoming key measures of brain health. However, traditionally accepted CBF/CVR changes with age/fitness have been recently questioned using a variety of imaging modalities. Here we investigate the source of these discrepancies, performing Doppler and MRI measures on the same groups. We find similar changes in CBF but opposing changes in CVR measures between groups. There was no significant correlation of CBF MRI and Doppler measures across the cohort. Our work shows the necessity to further understand driving factors of CBF/CVR across modalities before use as a clinical research tool. |
| 3841 | Cross vendor harmonization of water-extraction-phase-contrast-arterial-spin-tagging (WEPCAST) MRI for blood brain barrier assessment | |
| Zixuan Lin1, Dengrong Jiang1, Zachary Baker1, Dapeng Liu1, Yang Li1, Xirui Hou1, Jay J. Pillai1, Qin Qin1, Yulin Ge2, and Hanzhang Lu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Water-extraction-with-phase-contrast-arterial-spin-tagging (WEPCAST) MRI was proposed recently as a non-invasive technique to assess blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability to water. However, the reproducibility of this technique and cross-vendor reliability has not been reported. In this study, we harmonized WEPCAST technique across two major MRI vendors, Philips and Siemens and examined the test-retest reproducibility of the technique. The results showed that WEPCAST MRI can give a reliable assessment of BBB permeability with an excellent reproducibility. |
| 3842 | BOLD and CBV nonlinear responses during a hand movement task with increasing movement rates using 3D-EPI VASO at 7T | |
| Ícaro A F de Oliveira1,2, Wietske van der Zwaag1, Luisa Raimondo1, Serge O Dumoulin1,2,3, and Jeroen CW Siero1,4 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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We used 3D-EPI VASO to simultaneously measure CBV and BOLD signal changes in the primary motor cortex. We aimed to investigate differences in neurovascular coupling as measured by BOLD and CBV signal changes during a hand movement task with increasing movement rates. In agreement with previous findings, the BOLD response was found to behave nonlinearly with respect to the movement rate. Remarkably, the CBV response amplitude also shows a similar and strong nonlinear behavior where the amplitude saturates at fast movement rates (≥ 1 Hz). |
| 3843 | Investigating Cerebral and Cardiac Blood Flow and Cerebral Oxygen Extraction Concurrently During and Immediately after Exercise | |
| Rosemary Nicholas1, Paul Greenhaff1, Jordan McGing1, Ayushman Gupta1, and Susan Francis1 | ||
1University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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To investigate the integrated impact of exercise on cardiac (CI) and cerebral (CBF) blood flow and oxygenation (OEF), measures were made concurrently in older active males at rest, during steady-state exercise and recovery. There was high association between aortic and biplane CI measures, and CBF increases with CI. Exercise induced increases in CI, CBF and the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), which were not seen on recovery. OEF was inversely associated with CI at rest, and increased on recovery. Exercise and recovery changes support the need for and highlight the utility of in-scanner exercise studies to investigate cardiovascular regulation. |
| 3844 | Amplitude of slow fluctuations in CSF as a time-resolved marker of sleep states for resting-state fMRI: a validation study. | |
| Javier Gonzalez-Castillo1, Daniel A Handwerker1, and Peter A Bandettini1,2 | ||
1Section on Functional Imaging Methods, NIMH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2FMRI Facility, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Wakefulness fluctuations during rest are a key confound for dynamic functional connectivity. Yet, tracking such fluctuations is not trivial when lacking concurrent EEG and/or eye-tracking. Recent work suggests that ultra-slow CSF fluctuations accompany descent into sleep. Here we evaluate how such fluctuations help track wakefulness in rest scans acquired on non sleep-deprived subjects using sequences not optimized for detecting such inflow-related fluctuations. We conclude that those fluctuations can be easily detected in other samples, and that they may provide valuable time-resolved information about fluctuations in wakefulness, as well as a means to segregate subjects according to their overall wakefulness levels. |
| 3845 | Anesthetized Mouse fMRI and optical imaging under spontaneous-breathing vs. mechanical ventilation | |
| Hyun-Ji Shim1,2 and Seong-Gi Kim1,2,3 | ||
1Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon-si, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Korea, Republic of |
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Evoked fMRI findings of anesthetized mice are inconsistent possibly due to uncontrolled vascular physiology. In our studies under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia, localized BOLD response was observed in the spontaneously breathing condition, which is known to cause hypercapnia. Here we performed blood gas analysis and functional studies of spontaneously breathing vs. mechanical ventilating mice. The mechanical ventilation maintained mice at normal physiology and induced larger hemodynamic and BOLD responses to forepaw stimulation. Spontaneous breathing induced severe hypercapnia and acidosis, but surprisingly showed significant evoked functional responses. These results suggest that both methods can be used for functional experiments. |
| 3846 | Vascular effects in fMRI during respiratory-gated auricular vagal nerve stimulation | |
| Nikos Priovoulos1, Dimo Ivanov1, Benedikt Poser1, Linda Pagen1, Vitaly Napadow2,3, Roberta Sclocco2, Frans Verhey1, and Heidi Jacobs1,2 | ||
1Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Logan University, Chesterfield, MT, United States |
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Vagus nerve stimulation has been suggested to cause wide-spread changes in the hemodynamic response function in rats. Here, we demonstrate in humans that a non-invasive variant of vagus nerve stimulation is linked with neurovascular and global blood flow changes, and associated with increased salivary alpha-amylase, suggesting potential noradrenaline release. Our results provide support for the role of noradrenaline in modulating BOLD fMRI contrast via blood flow. |
| 3847 | Modulation by cardiac and respiratory cycles of single-trial BOLD responses to visual stimulation using ultrafast fMRI at 7T | |
| Francisco Moreira Azevedo1, João Jorge2,3, Wietske van der Zwaag4, and Patrícia Figueiredo1 | ||
1ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Systems Division, Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM), Neuchâtel, Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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The haemodynamic response to neuronal activity measured by BOLD-fMRI exhibits substantial trial-by-trial variability, but the underlying sources remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated whether single-trial BOLD responses were modulated by cardiac and respiratory cycles, by recording the BOLD responses to single trials of brief visual stimulation using an ultrafast acquisition (TR=0.4s) at ultrahighfield (7T). We found that, when binning trials according to the respiratory phase, the BOLD responses were more similar to each other when occurring up to 1sec following expiration. Our results suggest that trial-by-trial variability of BOLD responses may partly be explained by the respiratory cycle. |
| 3848 | Ultrafast EPI enables event-related fMRI and the mapping of hemodynamic response function in the mouse visual pathway | |
| Xiaoqing Alice Zhou1, Zengmin Li2, Hsu-Lei Lee3, Elizabeth Coulson4, and Kai-Hsiang Chuang3 | ||
1QBI/SBMS, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2QBI, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3QBI/CAI, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4SBMS/QBI, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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| 3849 | Neural Basis of Global Resting-state ASL Perfusion Signals | |
| Shichun Chen1, Wenna Duan1, Li Zhao2, David C. Alsop2, Wenming Luh3, and Weiying Dai1 | ||
1Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3National Institute on Aging, National Institite of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Global fluctuations of arterial spin labeling (ASL) signals may emerge from global synchronization of resting-state brain networks. We aimed to investigate the synchrony of ASL global signal with brain neural activity using simultaneously recorded ASL perfusion images and EEG. The correlation between the EEG frequency power time series and ASL global time courses was evaluated. The shape for time course of the correlation is very similar to hemodynamic response functional curve. The peak correlation time indicates that the global ASL signals follow the neural activity and the function of human brain is organized by the presence of global functional synchronization. |
| 3850 | Mouse BOLD fMRI of innocuous and putative noxious forepaw stimulation without cardiovascular modulation | |
| Won Beom Jung1,2, Hyun-Ji Beom Shim1,3, and Seong-Gi Kim1,2 | ||
1Cener for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of |
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The wide-spread and/or bilateral activity patterns in cortical and thalamic areas were common observation in response to innocuous and noxious electrical stimulation in mouse BOLD fMRI studies. Those findings may be related to the global BOLD effect confounded by stimulus-induced changes in cardiac functions such as heart rate and blood pressure, rather than originated from underlying neural activity. Under the ketamine-xylazine anesthesia, sympathetic activity is known to be suppressed. Here, we measured the response specificity of the BOLD signal responding from innocuous to putative noxious stimuli in mice under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. |
| 3851 | The relationship of functional connectivity of the sensorimotor and visual cortical networks between resting and task states | |
| Zhenliang Xiong1, Chong Tian1, Jie Huang2, Xianchun Zeng1, Dongxue Li1, Lisha Nie3, Pu-Yeh Wu3, and Rongpin Wang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China, 2Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The current study investigated the relationship of the sensorimotor and visual cortical functional connectivity (FC) networks between the resting and task states. Our study demonstrated a general relationship of the task-evoked FC network with its corresponding intrinsic FC network, regardless of the tasks. |
| 3852 | BOLD Responses in the Rat Auditory Pathway Upon the Cessation of Sound | |
| Frederico Severo1, Alfonso Renart1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal |
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Auditory offset responses due to cessation of auditory stimuli have been previously described, suggesting the existence of a dedicated auditory offset pathway. These responses are of major importance in auditory perception, as temporal cues like sound duration can be crucial for sound identification and interpretation. Still, studies on the subject are scarce compared to classic auditory onset responses. Here, we investigate the BOLD dynamics upon the cessation of sound using BOLD fMRI in the rat. We find differences between Onset and Offset paradigms suggesting negative BOLD responses observed in the latter are likely due to an active process. |
| 3853 | Effects of mild hypoxia on oxygen extraction fraction responses to brain stimulation | |
| Yayan Yin1, Lang Qin2, and Jie Lu1 | ||
1Radiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Linguistics, the University of Hong Kong, Beijing, China |
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The oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a key physiological marker of cerebral oxygen metabolism. While the availability of oxygen plays a crucial role in oxygen metabolism, the effect of mild hypoxia on OEF during brain activity remains largely unclear. In this study, a novel OEF dynamic measurement technique, multiecho asymmetric spin echo pulse sequence, was used to investigate the OEF response during motor task in both normoxia and mild hypoxia. Results demonstrated that the motor-induced OEF response change was larger in mild hypoxia (-23% ± 6%) than that in normoxia (-12% ± 4%) and was positively correlated with oxygen saturation. |
| 3854 | Region-to-region covariation of cerebral blood flow in the young brain before and after acute exercise | |
| Nicholas J. Luciw1,2, Benjamin I. Goldstein2,3, and Bradley J. MacIntosh1,2 | ||
1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Functional brain networks reflect inherent inter-regional relationships that subserve behaviour and information processing. There is evidence that the correlations of regional brain function across individuals partly reflect functional connectivity. The current study focuses on region-to-region covariation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) across participants using arterial spin-labelled MRI. To investigate the stability of this CBF covariance mapping, we compare maps acquired within the same day but before and after a single exercise session. To refine our CBF covariance mapping methodology, we consider whether choice of anatomical atlas and use of partial volume correction impact the results of our between-session comparison. |
| 3855 | Assessment of longitudinal cerebrovascular reactivity measurements based on breath-hold and resting state BOLD multi-echo fMRI | |
| Stefano Moia1, Rachael C. Stickland2, Maite Termenon1, Eneko Uruñuela-Tremiño1, César Caballero-Gaudes1, and Molly G. Bright2,3 | ||
1Basque Center on Cognition Brain and Language, San Sebastián, Spain, 2Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an important measure of vascular function, but true variability in CVR can be masked by numerous confounds. We explore the variability of CVR maps, extracted using breath-holding and resting state data, over 9 weekly scanning sessions. Our results show that CVR demonstrates robust spatial patterns that vary across known neural networks. |
| 3856 | Resolving Spatially Distinct Patterns of Nociception with Functional MRI at 7.0 T En Route to Pain-Specific Neurosignatures | |
| Henning Matthias Reimann1, Jurjen Heij1, Joao Periquito1, Antje Els1, Haopeng Han1, and Thoralf Niendorf1,2 | ||
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 2Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany |
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In recent years, the identification of pain-specific biomarkers has become the holy grail of pain research in the fMRI community. Painful stimuli, salient (attention capturing) non-painful stimuli, and nociceptive stimuli in analgesic subjects (who cannot feel pain) elicit similar BOLD patterns that cannot be resolved at 3T. Recognizing this shortcoming we present preliminary fMRI data at 7T (double spatial resolution), comparing painful stimuli with isosalient non-painful stimuli in healthy volunteers and an analgesic subject who is insensitive to pain. The overall goal of this study is to detail the evoked neurosignatures for pain-specificity and identify diagnostic biomarkers of pain experience. |
| 3857 | Dynamic Brain-Body Coupling of Breath-by-Breath O2-CO2 Exchange Ratio with Resting State Cerebral Hemodynamic Fluctuations | |
| Suk-tak Chan1, Karleyton C Evans2, Tian-yue Song1, Juliette Selb1, Andre van Kouwe1, Bruce R Rosen1, Yong-ping Zheng3, Andrew C Ahn1, and Kenneth K Kwong1 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong |
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We showed that the oscillations of breath-by-breath O2-CO2 exchange ratio (bER) were superior to those of end-tidal CO2 in correlating with the low frequencies (0.008-0.03Hz) of resting state cerebral hemodynamic fluctuations (CHF). Brain regions showing significant association of ΔBOLD with bER overlapped with many regions of default mode network. Transcranial Doppler sonography and fMRI were used to measure CHF and time series of partial pressure of O2 and CO2 were collected. bER-CHF coupling is a novel metric to measure brain-body interaction that may provide some answers to the physiological contributions to low frequencies of CHF. |
| 3858 | Cerebrovascular Reactivity Assessment with O2-CO2 Exchange Ratio Under Brief Breath Hold Challenge | |
| Suk-tak Chan1, Karleyton C Evans2, Tian-yue Song1, Juliette Selb1, Andre van Kouwe1, Bruce R Rosen1, Yong-ping Zheng3, Andrew C Ahn1, and Kenneth K Kwong1 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong |
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Here we tested the hypothesis that the cerebrovascular responses to brief breath hold epochs were coupled not only with increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), but also with decreased partial pressure of oxygen (PO2). fMRI map of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to breath-by-breath O2-CO2 exchange ratio covers similar regions as map of CVR to exogenous CO2 challenge. Substantially fewer regions in fMRI map of CVR to endogenous end-tidal CO2 satisfied statistical significance. Our results support the hypothesis that hypoxia and hypercapnia work synergistically to enhance cerebrovascular responses to breath hold. |
| 3859 | Cerebral hemodynamic responses of subjective cognitive decline evoked by loaded N-back tasks | |
| Yaoyu Zhang1, Wenying Du2, Ying Han2,3,4, and Jia-Hong Gao1 | ||
1Center for MRI Research, Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Neurology, XuanWu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Center of Alzheimer’s Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China, 4National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China |
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Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a high risk for Alzheimer’s disease. Most of the existing studies made their observations during the resting state of the brain. This study compared the responses of SCD and normal controls (NC) evoked by loaded N-back tasks. A load-dependent effect is clearly seen in both groups. CBF, as compared to other parameters, shows higher sensitivity in detecting the difference between SCD and NC subjects. Our results may help understand the physiological mechanisms and develop early diagnostic strategies of SCD. |
| 3860 | R2’-mapping of baseline and visual stimulus states in the human brain using streamlined-qBOLD | |
| Fatemehsadat Arzanforoosh1, Marion Smits1, and Esther AH Warnert 1 | ||
1Radiology and Nuclear medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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Cerebral hypoxia occurs in a plethora of brain diseases, including stroke and brain tumor. This work provides a step towards a rapid, non-invasive imaging protocol for clinically feasible cerebral oxygenation mapping. In this study we use an asymmetric spin echo (ASE)-based streamlined-qBOLD (sq-BOLD) technique to non-invasively monitor hemodynamic properties of the brain in two states (baseline and activation). Our results show that, despite the low signal-to-noise ratios likely due to macroscopic magnetic field gradients (MFGs), sq-BOLD has the potential to measure changes in oxygen extraction fraction in the activated area. |
| 3861 | The difference of left and right side after chronic pontine infarction based on resting-state fMRI | |
| Luo bing Wu1, Ying Wei1, Cai hong Wang1, Kai yu Wang1, and Jing liang Cheng1 | ||
1GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, Zheng Zhou, China |
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The resting state functional images of 53 patients with chronic pontine infarction and 35 healthy controls were collected, and A and B were used to evaluate the difference and sensitivity of functional information integration between single brain regions and hemispheres.It was associated with clinically relevant cognitive function scores.Finally, the contribution of the left and right sides to the difference was evaluated.The results showed that the difference and contribution of the right infarction group were significantly higher than that of the left infarction group.In the future, functional integration between the two hemispheres will be further studied. |
| 3862 | High SNR and High-Resolution fMRI using 3D OSSI and Tensor Model Reconstruction | |
| Shouchang Guo1, Jeffrey A. Fessler1, and Douglas C. Noll2 | ||
1Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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The goals of fMRI acquisition methods include high spatial and temporal resolutions with high signal to noise ratio (SNR). Oscillating Steady-State Imaging (OSSI) is a new fMRI acquisition method that provides large signals with high SNR, but may result in a slower acquisition of modest spatial resolution. This work improves OSSI spatial and temporal resolutions by exploiting the inherent high-dimensional structure of OSSI data and developing a tensor low-rank model for OSSI prospectively undersampled reconstruction. Compared to GRE imaging with the same spatial-temporal resolution, 3D OSSI demonstrated 2 times higher temporal SNR and 2 times larger activation region. |
| 3863 | Detection of Cortical Depth-dependent Functional Activation using Whole-brain, Half-millimetre Resolution EPIK at 7T | |
| Seong Dae Yun1, Patricia Pais-Roldán1, and N. Jon Shah1,2,3,4 | ||
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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The steady development of fMRI techniques has enabled the use of submillimetre-resolution in recent fMRI studies. The use of submillimetre-resolution allows the detection of cortical, depth-dependent brain activation. Although there have been numerous attempts to perform submillimetre-resolution fMRI, the level of spatial resolution in several recent works is still around 0.7 mm. Moreover, most methods do not provide whole-brain coverage. Therefore, this work aims to develop a novel half-millimetre resolution fMRI technique capable of providing whole-brain coverage. Here, the method was employed for exemplary finger-tapping fMRI at 7T and the identification of cortical-depth dependent brain activation was demonstrated. |
| 3864 | Beyond the limits of layer-dependent CBV fMRI in humans: strategies towards whole brain coverage, sub-second TR, and very high 0.5mm resolutions | |
| Laurentius Huber1, Yuhui Chai2, Rüdiger Stirnberg3, Sriranga Kashyap1, Deni Kurban1, Arman Khojandi2, Dimo Ivanov1, Sean Marrett2, Tony Stöcker3,4, Kamil Uludag5, Peter Bandettini2, and Benedikt Poser1 | ||
1MR-Methods group, MBIC, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2SFIM, NIMH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 4Physics and Astronomy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5UHN Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Recent developments of ultra-high field (UHF) MRI and high-resolution CBV-sensitive VASO sequences have made it possible to measure activity changes across cortical depths. However, most methods are limited to individual brain areas of large cortical thicknesses (4mm in M1), long repetition times and small matrix sizes. In this study, we developed multiple VASO sequence approaches to achieve: 1.) Whole-brain coverage (104 slices) at sub-millimeter layer resolutions 2.) Sub-second TRs (TR = 650ms) at sub-millimeter layer resolutions 3.) Extra-high 0.5mm isotropic resolutions with matrix sizes of 316 We tested new sequence concepts and validated their applicability for the neuroscientific context. |
| 3865 | Fingerprinting individual subjects from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging head motion | |
| Thomas Bolton1,2, Stefano Moia3, Eneko Urunuela3, Dimitri Van De Ville1,2, and César Caballero-Gaudes3 | ||
1Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 3Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, San Sebastian, Spain |
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Head motion during resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging acquisitions is an infamous confound requiring dedicated preprocessing steps. Here, we probed the level of complexity at which motion should be characterised. To do so, we designed a clustering-based approach that determines the spatio-temporal motion patterns that can fingerprint an individual. We found that each subject's motion could be fingerprinted at a different space/time granularity, some more easily than others. Our results call for refined motion descriptions in which space and time should not be over-simplified, and point towards the relevance of motion-related fingerprints as an individual's functional trait. |
| 3866 | Transition-Band SSFP and EPI Functional MRI on a High-Performance 0.55 T Scanner | |
| Yicun Wang1, Peter van Gelderen1, Jacco A. de Zwart1, Adrienne E Campbell-Washburn2, and Jeff H. Duyn1 | ||
1AMRI, LFMI, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Low magnetic susceptibility contrast and inadequate gradient performance have limited the use of low-field systems for BOLD fMRI. With the recent introduction of low-field scanners equipped with high-performance gradients, we re-evaluated the feasibility of low-field fMRI by comparing transition-band SSFP and GRE-EPI at 0.55 T. With optimized acquisition parameters both techniques proved practical for detection of brain activation in response to visual stimulation. EPI was found to be more robust to system imperfections and physiological noise. In the current study, SSFP does not appear to outperform conventional EPI in the level and spatial extent of activation. |
| 3867 | Reduced Inter-shot Physiological Variability in 3D Multi-Shot fMRI using Structured Low-Rank Matrix Completion | |
| Xi Chen1, Wenchuan Wu1, and Mark Chiew1 | ||
1University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Three-dimensional encoding methods like multi-shot 3D-EPI are increasingly being explored as alternatives to multi-slice 2D acquisitions in functional MRI, particularly in cases where high isotropic resolution is needed. However, multi-shot 3D methods can suffer from artifacts and reduction of temporal SNR (tSNR) due to inter-shot variability from motion or physiological fluctuations. Here, we present a method for reconstruction of multi-shot 3D EPI data, that is insensitive to smooth inter-shot phase inconsistencies due to physiologically-induced B0 variations. This approach is based on annihilating filter Hankel structured low-rank matrix completion, illustrating improved tSNR compared to conventional multi-shot reconstruction. |
| 3868 | A novel motion correction for ASL-fMRI with multi-PLD: non-parametric Gaussian Processes prediction of background suppression | |
| Yuriko Suzuki1,2, Thomas Okell2, Joseph G. Woods2,3, and Michael Chappell1,2 | ||
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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For fMRI using ASL, multi-PLD acquisitions may have advantages, improving reliability and specificity. However, the varying static-tissue signal in multi-PLD ASL can confound motion estimation when conventional motion correction is applied. In this study, we propose a novel framework using Gaussian processes to address this problem, in which motionless ASL images are predicted, so that they can be used as a reference for motion correction for each ASL volume. Simulation and in-vivo studies show the new motion correction framework using Gaussian Processes eliminates the influence of multi-PLD and provides a suitable reference for each volume. |
| 3869 | Multiple Orthogonal Reference Sensitivity Encoding Combined Over Dominant Eigencoils (MORSE CODE): Motion robust accelerated fMRI | |
| Oliver Josephs1, Nadege Corbin1, Isobel Green2, Jonathan Roiser2, and Martina Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom |
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Motion-robust reconstruction using a regularised SENSE-based unfolding of 3D-EPI time series for fMRI. |
| 3870 | 7T EPI Nyquist Ghost Reduction by Combining Trajectory Measurement, Navigator Echoes and an Inverted Readout Polarity Calibration Scan | |
| Oliver Josephs1, Nadege Corbin1, and Martina Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom |
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A combination and development of several existing calibration and reference techniques for Nyquist ghost reduction allowing 2D EPI fMRI images to be reconstructed with very low ghost level at 7T in demanding gradient regimes. |
| 3871 | tSNR increase with field monitoring for correction of scanner instabilities and physiological noise at 7T in single-shot 2D-EPI sequences | |
| Caroline Le Ster1, Alexandre Vignaud1, and Nicolas Boulant1 | ||
1Université Paris-Saclay, Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Signal-dependent noise contributions in a voxel limit the temporal SNR (tSNR) gain brought by increasing the image SNR. The effect of retrospectively correcting for field fluctuations on the tSNR for different SNR regimes at 7T in single-shot 2D-EPI sequences was assessed using field sensor measurements. For the slice located at isocenter, results of the study show an increase of up to 20% in vivo on the grey matter region and for high SNR regimes. |
| 3872 | Effect of Coil Compression on fMRI Time Courses: Preliminary Analysis | |
| Brice Fernandez1, Baolian Yang2, Gaohong Wu3, Jeff McGovern2, and Suchandrima Banerjee4 | ||
1Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Buc, France, 2Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 4Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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Coil compression was introduced as a mean to reduce image reconstruction computational complexity of data acquired with large coil arrays with negligible SNR penalty. Previous work using a different acquisition strategy (not a standard multiband EPI) suggests that coil compression has a negligible effect on fMRI time courses. In this preliminary study, the effects of our coil compression implementation on fMRI time courses is evaluated using different level of compression and a standard multiband EPI. The results suggest a negligible effects of coil compression on fMRI time courses. |
| 3873 | Distortion- and Resolution-Matched T1w-Like Anatomy for Investigating Depth-Dependent Activity in Submillimeter-Resolution fMRI at 7T | |
| Adnan Shah1,2, Guoxiang Liu1,2, and Takashi Ueguchi1,2 | ||
1Brain Function Analysis and Imaging Lab, CiNet, NICT, Osaka, Japan, 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan |
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We demonstrate the reconstruction of isotropic submillimeter-resolution distortion- and resolution-matched (DRM) T1w-Like anatomy from the image inversion of T1-maps obtained as five slice-shifted anatomical volumes covering the whole brain. The proposed anatomy avoids the distortion-mismatch between function and anatomy resulting in a high alignment with the functional data, necessary for activity localization in submillimeter-resolution fMRI. We use the same pulse sequence for acquiring both functional and DRM anatomical images with aligned slice acquisitions except differing in parameters unrelated to distortions. Moreover, the proposed anatomy allows the generation of cortical surface for investigating depth-dependent activity in isotropic submillimeter-resolution fMRI analysis. |
| 3874 | Sensitivity of Dynamic ASL and Resting-state BOLD in Patients with Bipolar Disorder | |
| Zongpai Zhang1, Wenna Duan1, Nicolas R. Bolo2, Carol Tamminga3, Brett A. Clementz4, Godfrey D. Pearlson5, Matcheri Keshavan2, David C. Alsop6, and Weiying Dai1 | ||
1Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, United States, 2Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, ME, United States, 3Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States, 5Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 6Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center & Harvard Medical School, Boston, ME, United States |
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The effect sizes of bipolar disorder (BD) on low frequency fluctuation (LFF) and functional connectivity (FC) using dASL and rsBOLD imaging were evaluated in forty-five subjects (19 BD patients, 26 control). dASL showed significant increase of LFF and FC in BD, while rsBOLD did not show any difference. dASL demonstrated significantly higher effect sizes compared to rsBOLD, which lead to decreases of 39% and 49% in sample size for LFF and FC measures respectively. These findings support that dASL is more sensitive to BD than rsBOLD and therefore may offer advantages in reducing costs for clinical trials of BD therapies. |
| 3875 | Robust Nyquist Ghost Correction for Multi-echo Balanced SSFP at 7T Using Joint-GRAPPA | |
| Ziyi Pan1, Huilou Liang2,3, Kaibao Sun2, Danny J.J. Wang4, Rong Xue2,3,5, and Hua Guo1 | ||
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MRI Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China |
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Multiline bSSFP is an acceleration technique that has the potential to approach the speed of EPI while overcoming inherent EPI artifacts in fMRI. However, the highly segmented EPI readout in multiline bSSFP can cause severe Nyquist artifacts. Additionally, extra magnitude and phase differences among the echoes also exist within the echo train, making it more complicated. In this study, a joint-GRAPPA based 2D phase correction method is proposed, which can robustly correct artifacts in multi-echo bSSFP with different ETLs while maintaining the image SNR. To evaluate its performance, this approach is also compared to other parallel imaging based correction methods. |
| 3876 | Functional line-scanning in humans with ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution: reconstruction and BOLD sensitivity assessment | |
| Luisa Raimondo1, Tomas Knapen1,2, ĺcaro A.F. de Oliveira1, Xin Yu3,4, Serge O. Dumoulin1,5, Wietske van der Zwaag1, and Jeroen C.W Siero1,6 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 4Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, SC, United States, 5Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 6Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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We present initial results of line-scanning fMRI in humans. The potential of this technique lies in the combination of both high spatial and temporal resolution while sacrificing spatial coverage outside the region of interest. We reached a 250 μm resolution along the line direction with a temporal resolution of 200 ms. Coil sensitivity profiles and the average tSNR per channel were used to optimize the line reconstructions. We obtained similar BOLD sensitivity compared to standard 2D GE-EPI BOLD and high spatial specificity for a visual task. Hence, we demonstrate the feasibility of ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution in humans using line-scanning. |
| 3877 | Locally low-rank denoising of complex-valued EPI reconstructions preceding task fMRI analysis | |
| Nolan K Meyer1, Norbert G Campeau2, David F Black2, Kirk M Welker2, Jeffrey L Gunter2, Uten Yarach2, Daehun Kang2, MyungHo In2, John Huston III2, Yunhong Shu2, Matt A Bernstein2, and Joshua D Trzasko2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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This work examines the removal of physiologic and measurement noise (i.e. "denoising") of complex-valued EPI timecourse data preceding task-based fMRI analysis. The locally low-rank properties of the EPI data are leveraged with a blockwise singular value thresholding (BSVT) algorithm applied as a preprocessing step. Two EPI datasets (single-band and SMS multi-band) concomitant with task-based finger tapping fMRI exams were preprocessed with BSVT; activation maps were then compared by board-certified neuroradiologists. BSVT denoising of complex-valued fMRI time-course data prior to task analysis improves statistical confidence in activation areas identified by conventional processing or reveals new activation regions under fixed confidence levels. |
| 3878 | Distortion-free, radial under-sampled fMRI with GRASP reconstruction | |
| Chantelle Y Lim1, Yang Li1, Xirui Hou1, and Hanzhang Lu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel MRI (GRASP) is a fast field echo radial acquisition with golden-angle rotation sequence used in dynamic imaging due to its motion robustness and high temporal and spatial resolution. In this study, we implemented GRASP for BOLD fMRI during visual stimulation, which yielded distortion-free images in addition to reliable activation maps and signal time-courses as compared to EPI-based fMRI. This initial feasibility study suggests that GRASP could be extended towards other parts of the brain to serve as an alternative when EPI suffers from signal distortion. |
| 3879 | Simultaneous multi-slice spiral-out acquisitions for high resolution perfusion fMRI at 7T | |
| Denizhan Kurban1, Gilad Liberman1,2, Christian Mirkes3, Sriranga Kashyap1, Laurentius Huber1, Debora Niekämper 1, Dimo Ivanov1, and Benedikt A Poser 1 | ||
1Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre (MBIC), Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Skope MRT, Zürich, Switzerland |
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At ultra-high fields, high-resolution and large coverage functional perfusion mapping with Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) becomes challenging due to shorter T2* requiring shorter read-out times and B0 inhomogeneity causing geometric distortions. We address these challenges with a single-shot, highly undersampled, short-TE spiral-out trajectory, and simultaneous multi-slice sampling with incoherent CAIPIRINHA for increased slice coverage. Spiral ASL acquisitions at short TE allows functional perfusion mapping with higher SNR compared to conventional EPI acquisitions, showing potential for high-resolution perfusion fMRI applications at ultra-high field. |
| 3880 | Artefact reduction in simultaneous EEG-fMRI: improving current practice. | |
| Madeleine Bullock1,2, David F Abbott1,2, and Graeme Jackson1,2 | ||
1Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, 2Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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EEG recorded during fMRI is subject to artefact many times greater than neuronal events of interest, therefore, artefact removal methods are crucial for accurate EEG-fMRI studies. This work systematically reviews all novel artefact reduction methods (1998-2018), as well as the use of artefact reduction methods (2016-2018). Results show that whilst there are many published artefact reduction methods, contemporary studies overwhelmingly use only a few established methods. It is recommended that: 1. Artefact reduction techniques are adequately reported, 2. Novel software is robust to help adoption by others, and 3. Commercial EEG-fMRI vendors consider including additional hardware for recording artefact. |
| 3881 | Segmented spin-echo BOLD fMRI using a variable flip angle FLEET acquisition with recursive RF pulse design for high spatial resolution fMRI | |
| Avery JL Berman1,2, William A Grissom3, Thomas Witzel1,2, Daniel J Park1, Olivia Viessmann1,2, Kawin Setsompop1,2,4, and Jonathan R Polimeni1,2,4 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Spin-echo (SE) EPI has long been desired for fMRI acquisitions with reduced macrovascular sensitivity; however, to achieve a purely T2-weighted signal, requires sampling a short window around the spin-echo—generally achieved by a segmented readout. Segmented EPI is well-known to be temporally unstable due to sensitivity to subject motion between segments. Here we propose a reordering of the EPI segments, known as FLEET, combined with a variable flip angle excitation to maximize the image signal level and a recursive RF pulse design to maintain consistent slice profiles at the spin-echo. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach at 3T. |
| 3882 | Comparison of 2D and 3D EPI for high-resolution functional imaging at 7T MRI | |
| Hankyeol Lee1, Rüdiger Stirnberg2, Tony Stöcker2,3, and Kâmil Uludağ1,4,5 | ||
1Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Republic of Korea, 2German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 5Techna Institute & Koerner Scientist in MR Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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This study presents the performance of 2D and 3D EPI sequences at 7T for functional imaging. Eleven subjects were scanned with individually optimized 2D and 3D EPI sequences with TR and total parallel imaging acceleration that were matched. Three spatial resolutions: 0.8 mm, 1.1 mm, and 1.7 mm isotropic, were used. Resulting temporal signal-to-noise ratios (tSNR) were compared between 2D and 3D EPI sequences, and their potential functional sensitivities are discussed. The results show images acquired with 3D EPI have higher tSNR at 0.8 mm and 1.1 mm resolutions, while 2D EPI images have higher tSNR at 1.7 mm resolution. |
| 3883 | Parallel transmit (pTx) with online pulse design for task-based fMRI at 7T | |
| Belinda Ding1, Catarina Rua1, Johan D Carlin2, Marta M Correia2, Ajay D Halai2, Patrick Liebig3, Robin Heidemann3, Iulius Dragonu4, and Christopher T Rodgers1 | ||
1Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2MRC Cognition and Brain Science Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Siemens Healthcare Limited, Erlangen, Germany, 4Siemens Healthcare Limited, Firmley, United Kingdom |
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Parallel transmit (pTx) has developed in recent years to show promising reductions in signal dropouts and imaging artifacts from B1+ field inhomogeneities in 7T MRI. However, pTx methods have rarely been applied for functional MRI. To our knowledge, no published task fMRI study has used pTx with online pulse calculation. We therefore implemented pTx spokes excitation in our vendor’s product EPI sequence, and tested it in volunteers using two different task-based fMRI paradigms. Comparing with CP+ (or “TrueForm”) mode, using pTx spokes pulses significantly improved both the tSNR and fCNR in task-based fMRI acquisitions at 7T. |
| 3884 | Evaluation of multiband EPI for T2*-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging | |
| Manoj Shrestha1, Daniela van Hinsberg2, H. Sean Lee2, Ulrike Nöth1, David Poeppel2, and Ralf Deichmann1 | ||
1Brain Imaging Center (BIC), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
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The combination of multiband EPI with in-plane parallel imaging yields a total acceleration factor AF=MB*R, MB and R representing the slice and in-plane acceleration factors, respectively. The data quality of T2*-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging was compared for different AF, using different combinations of MB and R, and for different head coils, providing advice on the optimum experimental set-up. Results suggest that severe artifacts may occur for large MB and R, a low number of slices (SL) and head coils with a reduced number of elements (NE). Suggestions comprise SL≥48, NE≥32, MB≤8 and R≤4. |
| 3885 | Functional MRI of the Auditory Cortex: Comparison of Different Sequences to investigate Speech and Amplitude Modulated Sounds | |
| Manoj Shrestha1, Xiangbin Teng2, H. Sean Lee2, Ulrike Nöth1, David Poeppel2, and Ralf Deichmann1 | ||
1Brain Imaging Center (BIC), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
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This study compares three fMRI sequences with silent breaks for acoustic stimulation: conventional sparse EPI (CS-EPI), interleaved silent steady-state (ISSS) sampling and the proposed SEPIMS scheme. CS-EPI and SEPIMS yield stronger activations than ISSS for simple artificial amplitude modulated sound stimuli and complex speech-based stimuli. Constant TR in CS-EPI and ISSS creates a regular auditory environment which participants may recognize, thus anticipating the timing of stimuli and scanner noise. In contrast, SEPIMS allows for interleaved TR values of different lengths, creating irregular temporal patterns and avoiding correlations between data acquisition and a regular heart beat or breathing rhythm. |
| 3886 | The SNR, tSNR, physiological noise and spatial correlation characteristics of 2D-MB-EPI and 3D-EPI. | |
| Nadège Corbin1, Yael Balbastre 1, Oliver Josephs1, and Martina F Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, London, United Kingdom |
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Here we use an extended model describing the impact of smoothing on tSNR to characterize 2D-Multiband-EPI and 3D-EPI time-series, in vivo, in terms of their SNR, tSNR, intrinsic smoothness, as well as the level of physiological noise (λ) and its degree of spatial correlation. The model fitting suggested that higher intrinsic smoothness and physiological noise levels in 3D-EPI can explain why spatial smoothing is less beneficial than for 2D-MB-EPI, as previously observed. Furthermore, the model captured the facts that the level of physiological noise is higher for 3D-EPI than 2D-MB-EPI and that λ increases with the number of acquired segments. |
| 3887 | To smooth or not to smooth? Modelling the impact of spatially correlated physiological noise in fMRI | |
| Nadège Corbin1, Oliver Josephs1, and Martina F Callaghan1 | ||
1Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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Spatial smoothing is common in fMRI analyses but the benefit to functional sensitivity can vary depending on baseline signal-to-noise, inherent smoothness and physiological noise characteristics. Here we propose an extended model that can quantify each of these properties in addition to parameterising the degree of spatial correlation in the physiological noise. The model is validated through simulation and in vivo experiment. This new model allows the complete characterisation of the impact of spatial smoothing from a single fMRI time series enabling researchers to efficiently gain insight into their data and to optimise processing pipelines. |
| 3888 | How far PFT reconstruction technique can improve spatial resolution in radial fMRI acquisition: An experimental study | |
| Vahid Malekian1, Fatemeh Rastegar2, and Abbas Nasiraei Moghaddam2 | ||
1School of Cognitive Science, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Radial acquisition along with Polar Fourier Transform (PFT) reconstruction allows to retrospectively choose the image pixel-size. We experimentally investigated how this selected pixel-size was related to spatial resolution in fMRI studies. The functional contrast to noise ratio (CNR) was considered as a measure to assess whether the improvement in apparent spatial resolution is real or just resulted from interpolation. In an fMRI study on 9 subjects, SSFP raw data was reconstructed by PFT technique with four pixel areas. Results showed that the CNR improvement stopped at the boundaries of reduced-FOV, where the spacing in azimuthal and radial directions are equal. |
| 3889 | 3D Inner Volume bSSFP Functional MRI: Preliminary results | |
| Tianrui Luo1, Douglas Noll1, and Jon-Fredrik Nielsen1 | ||
1fMRI Lab, Univ. of Michigan., Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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3D inner-volume (IV) imaging enables increased spatiotemporal resolution within a reduced field-of-view (FOV), but is not directly compatible with steady-state sequences such as balanced SSFP. We present an IV bSSFP sequence for transition-band functional MRI, a technique that can produce high functional signal within a relatively narrow off-resonance frequency (B0) range. We use spatially tailored 3D radiofrequency (RF) pulses for IV excitation and outer-volume (OV) saturation, and a pair of gradient spoilers that make the overall sequence balanced (unbalanced) for IV (OV) spins. This approach produces good OV suppression in most regions, and high functional signal near a transition band. |
| 3890 | Dynamic Missing-data Completion Removes Additional Effect of Motion Contamination Caused by Temporal Filtering during fMRI Preprocessing | |
| Seyhmus Guler1, Burak Erem2, Onur Afacan1, Alexander L. Cohen1, and Simon K. Warfield1 | ||
1Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2TrueMotion, Inc., Boston, MA, United States |
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Subject movement during fMRI acquisition creates motion artifact. “Scrubbing” removes motion-corrupted volumes and is performed after temporal filtering since it creates temporal discontinuities. Thus, it does not prevent the spread of corrupted time samples from high motion volumes to their neighbors during temporal filtering. To mitigate this “leakage”, we propose a novel method, Dynamic Missing-data Completion (DMC), that replaces motion corrupted volumes with synthetic data matching the temporal dynamics of the uncorrupted no-motion volumes. We analyzed six rsfMRI scans with different motion levels and found that DMC provides added benefit in further reduction of motion contamination that remains after scrubbing. |
| 3891 | Connectivity analyses of accelerated 3D resting-state ASL | |
| Fanny Munsch1, Manuel Taso1, John A. Detre2, and David C. Alsop1 | ||
1Radiology, Division of MRI Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2Neurology and Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We used a single-shot accelerated volumetric Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) sequence to study brain connectivity in regions where resting-state (rs) BOLD analyses can be challenging due to low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Thus, we chose to study the medial prefrontal cortex, part of the default-mode network (DMN), and the subcallosal cortex for which RS-BOLD is impacted by susceptibility artifacts. We also studied the connectivity of the intracalcarine cortex because it belongs to a network involving deep nuclei, for which BOLD signal is reduced due to low blood volume. |
| 3892 | Paired Sham and Active Groups Activate Different Brain Regions to the Same Feedback Signal during fMRI Neurofeedback | |
| Seyhmus Guler1, Onur Afacan1, Alexander L. Cohen1, and Simon K. Warfield1 | ||
1Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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There is growing interest in fMRI neurofeedback (fMRI-nf) to facilitate therapeutic reorganization of brain function. However, the mechanisms underlying self-regulation processes are incompletely understood. Here we interrogate the mechanisms of fMRI-nf using an experimental protocol designed to increase lateralized motor activity. Twelve right-handed healthy adults were assigned into age- and sex-matched active and sham study arms. Each participant received active or sham feedback during one scanning session. We constructed group-averaged activation maps and lateralization index. During neurofeedback, active and sham groups demonstrated different brain activation. We did not observe any long-lasting functional reorganization and improvement in lateralization index. |
| 3893 | Aberrant amplitude of low frequency fluctuations of spontaneous brain activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease | |
| Yanjun Liu1, Mengyan Li2, Xinhua Wei3, Xiuhang Ruan3, Guihe Hu2, Haobo Chen2, and Yaoqin Xie1 | ||
1Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China |
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients are widely reported with abnormalities in motor and cognitive features. Early diagnosis can be benefit if neuroimaging markers are well developed. This study investigated the altered amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of brain activity by functional MRI and explored the neural correlates of motor and cognitive symptoms of PD. Compared to normal controls, PD patients exhibited increased ALFF in default mode network and decreased in cerebellum. The ALFF was negatively correlated with the motor performances of PD in cerebellum. The findings suggest the cerebellum as critical area associated with motor and cognitive performances in PD. |
| 3894 | Silent functional MRI for novel sound discrimination using the auditory oddball paradigm | |
| Nikou Louise Damestani1, David John Lythgoe1, Owen O'Daly1, Florian Wiesinger1,2, Ana Beatriz Solana2, Steven Charles Rees Williams1, and Fernando Zelaya1 | ||
1Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany |
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We present the first demonstration that a multi-echo variant of a silent fMRI pulse sequence (Looping Star) is sensitive to the BOLD response elicited by the processing of novel auditory stimuli. We employed an established event-related paradigm known as the ‘oddball’ task. Our results show remarkable consistency with a previous investigation using conventional loud fMRI with the same paradigm. We also demonstrate that Looping Star reveals activation differences between auditory challenges not visible using conventional fMRI. Additionally, between-subject correlations and differences in activation between sessions were evaluated. This study supports the use of Looping Star for studies of sound-averse populations. |
| 3895 | Serum levels of inflammatory markers modulates brain structural changes and post-traumatic headache trajectory in mild traumatic brain injury | |
| Xuan Niu1,2, Yingxiang Sun2, Shuoqiu Gan2, Ming Zhang2, and Lijun Bai3 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, St.Louis, MO, United States, 2Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, Xi'an, China, 3The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, Xi'an, China |
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Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is one of the most frequent and persistent physical symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, the underlying neurobiological basis and modulatory component remained unclear. Evidence indicated that neuroinflammation is a major contributor in the pathogenesis of PTH. We hypothesized that the effect of peripheral inflammatory signaling on PTH could be produced by influencing brain structure that subserve pain modulatory function. Our findings demonstrated that neuroinflammation following mTBI is a potential process affecting structural changes in cognitive component of pain modulation, which may serve as a potential neurobiological mechanism underlying the emergence and persistence of PTH. |
| 3896 | Progressive gray matter atrophy and altered structural covariance network in pontine infarction | |
| Ying Wei1, Caihong Wang1, Peifang Miao1, Luobing Wu1, Yingying Wang1, Kaiyu Wang2, and Jingliang Cheng1 | ||
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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In order to identify longitudinal changes in gray matter volumes (GMVs) and structural covariance network after pontine infarction (PI), eleven patients and twenty normal underwent MRI scans and neurological examinations during six-month period. Changes of GMV were evaluated by using the voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and structural covariance networks were constructed. In general, the patients exhibited significant decreased GMV in bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe and extended disordered structural covariance network. In addition, the GMVs were correlated with behavior scores showing the abnormal results may be the mechanism of some impaired neurological function. |
| 3897 | Use of functional correlation tensors for correlating white matter fMRI and brain structure | |
| Tory Frizzell1,2, Lukas Algis Grajauskas2,3, Careesa Chang Liu1,2, Sujoy Ghosh Hajra1,2, Xiaowei Song2,4, and Ryan C.N. D'Arcy2,5,6 | ||
1Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 2SFU ImageTech Lab, Health Science and Innovation, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health, Surrey, BC, Canada, 3Cummings School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 5Faculty of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 6Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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White matter functional activity is a neglected area of research and key component for understanding the brain’s ability to adapt and learn. Participants completed a fine motor task during functional scans. DTI images were also collected for structural comparison. Functional correlation tensors were computed to examine local functional signal synchronicity. Strong agreement was found between the functional anisotropy maps and the structural anisotropy maps. Functional correlation tensors substantiate white matter functional response and identify a novel link between structure and function. |
| 3898 | Improved Accuracy of Resting State Fluctuation Amplitude for Cerebrovascular Reactivity Estimation Using a Multiband Multi-Echo Acquisition | |
| Alexander D. Cohen1, Baolian Yang2, Brice Fernandez3, Suchandrima Banerjee4, and Yang Wang1 | ||
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Buc, France, 4GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) can potentially be used to measure cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). Specifically, resting state fluctuation amplitude (RSFA) is related to the breath hold response. In this study a multiband (MB), ME sequence was compared to a MB, single echo (SE) sequence in terms of their ability to estimate CVR using rs-fMRI-derived RSFA by comparing to BH-CVR. The MBME scan showed higher voxelwise across-subject correlation between RSFA and CVR. The spatial correlation between mean RSFA and CVR maps was also higher for MBME scans, indicating improved accuracy of RSFA as an alternative to CVR using an MBME sequence. |
| 3899 | Comparing Multiband Single Echo and Multi-echo Sequences With and Without Arterial Spin Labeling for Task Activation | |
| Alexander D. Cohen1, Baolian Yang2, Brice Fernandez3, Suchandrima Banerjee4, and Yang Wang1 | ||
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Buc, France, 4GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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Multi-echo functional MRI has shown increased BOLD sensitivity compared to single echo acquisitions; however, it suffers from increased TR, especially when combined with arterial spin labeling (ASL). This study compared multiband multi-echo scans with and without pseudocontinuous ASL to a multiband single echo acquisition during a visual task. Temporal signal to noise and group task activation was higher for the multi-echo scans. Furthermore, the multi-echo PCASL sequence showed similar activation to multi-echo alone despite significantly higher TR. This study showed the benefits of ME acquisitions for task fMRI, despite higher TR. The addition of ASL did not reduce task activation. |
| 3900 | Evaluating Multiband Single Echo and Multi-Echo Sequences With and Without Arterial Spin Labeling for Cerebrovascular Reactivity Calculations | |
| Alexander D. Cohen1, Baolian Yang2, Brice Fernandez3, Suchandrima Banerjee4, and Yang Wang1 | ||
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Buc, France, 4GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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A multiband (MB) multi-echo (ME) pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) sequence has shown improved cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) calculations compared to a single echo; however, pCASL significantly increases TR. This study compared a MBME pCASL sequence to MBME and MB single echo acquisitions for the calculation of CVR. TSNR was higher for the MBME pCASL sequence compared to the MBME and MBMS sequences, and mean CVR was comparable between all sequences. The ME sequences had improved quality in areas with high susceptibility. Despite significantly longer TR, the MBME pCASL sequence performed comparably to the MBME sequence, while simultaneously providing ASL data. |
| 3901 | FMRI response representation associated with lower space structure of scene perception | |
| Yun Qin1, Xiaole Zhao1, and Tao Zhang1 | ||
1University of electronic science and technology of China, Chengdu, China |
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This study identified the similarity of fMRI-based brain activity in certain scene-selective regions associated with scene categories and low-level spatial structure. In addition, similar hierarchy was found between fMRI response and convolution neural network features of different layers. The results may provide new insights to the processing of lower and high-level knowledge, as well as the performance-optimized hierarchical models. |
| 3902 | APT combined DKI for differential diagnosing endometrial carcinoma from benign endometrial lesions | |
| Ye Ju1, Xing Meng1, Shifeng Tian1, Liangjie Lin2, Jiazheng Wang2, Zhiwei Shen2, Yishi Wang2, Yaxin Niu1, Wan Dong1, and Ailian Liu1 | ||
1First affiliated hospital of dalian medical university, Dalian, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Amide proton transfer (APT) combined diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) imaging technology have been preliminarily applied in the diagnosis of cervical diseases. However, there is no study on the differentiation of endometrial carcinoma and endometrial benign lesions with APT combined DKI. In this examine, we used APT combined DKI to identify endometrial carcinoma and endometrial benign lesions. |
| 3903 | Compensatory Effect of Thalamus on Numerical Stroop Task in Senior Adults | |
| Chu-Shin Peng1, Shang-Cheng Chiu2, Fan-Chi Hsiao2, Chih-Mao Huang3, Chi-Yun Liu1, Chien-Ming Yang2, and Changwei Wesley Wu4 | ||
1Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 4Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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To unveil the time-of-day effect in the aging process, we recruited both young and senior adults to participate fMRI experiments with the numerical Stroop task before and after nap. Beyond the dorsal attention network, we found the thalamus activity showed facilitating effect in the senior adults but the opposite way in the young adults. Such finding supports the compensation-related utilization of neural circuits hypothesis across age groups, but the time-of-day effect was relatively minor compared to the age effect. |
| 3904 | Neurobiology of Financial Decision-Making: An fMRI Based Study Using IGT | |
| Mrinalini Srivastava1, Pankaj Pankaj2, S Senthil Kumaran2, Gagan Sharma1, and Achal Srivastava3 | ||
1University School of Management Studies, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India, 2Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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The neural underpinnings of financial behaviour using modified Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was assessed through fMRI technique. Data was processed using SPM 12. The results reveal differential brain activation in fronto-parietal lesion patients (n=3, mean age: 47 ±12 years) with respect to controls (n=6, mean age:42±17years). IGT results demonstrated activations during experience of majorly four conditions viz. gains, losses, draws and penalty. The decision-making and associated tasks invoked memory, attention and execution networks providing the insights about the underlying structures of financial investment behaviour. |
| 3905 | Negative correlations of brain activation between daily recognition and trauma memory remembering in PTSD | |
| Kayako Matsuo1,2, Jun Inoue3, Toshiki Iwabuchi4, and Hidenori Yamasue5 | ||
1Center for Research Collaboration and Support, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan, 2Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine (former), Hamamatsu, Japan, 3Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan, 4Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan, 5Department of Psychiatry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan |
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We found a negative correlation between brain activity estimates of two conditions, daily recognition and trauma memory remembering, that reflected altered responses in PTSD. We conducted two task-fMRI runs for 9 patients with PTSD and the matched controls employing a script-driven imagery task. A region-of-interest analysis revealed a negative correlation between a hyperarousal subscale of psychological assessment and the activity estimate in the hippocampus in the daily recognition whereas a positive correlation in the trauma memory remembering. When computing voxel-based correlations between the activity estimates of the two conditions, extensive negative correlations emerged around the hippocampus in patients. |
| 3906 | An automated pneumatic tactile stimulator for somatotopic mapping | |
| Ryan Willoughby1 and Mark Bolding1 | ||
1Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States |
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An MR-safe pneumatic tactile stimulator was developed and tested for automated somatotopic mapping using functional MRI. The device was used in a non-invasive fMRI experiment to perform basic somatotopic mapping on three healthy volunteers. Results from fMRI are consistent with maps of S1 obtained from cortical stimulation studies done in surgical patients, and the technique shows promise for future studies. |
| 3907
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Assessing somatotopic and mototopic organisation in Focal Hand Dystonia using high-resolution 7T-fMRI | |
| Michael Asghar1, Daisie Pakenham1, Rosa Sanchez-Panchuelo1, Denis Schluppeck2, Paul Glover1, Miles Humberstone3, George O'Neill4, and Susan Francis1 | ||
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Nottingham Trust University Hospitals, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL, London, United Kingdom |
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Six patients with Focal Hand Dystonia (FHD) were scanned at 7T both 4 weeks and 3 months after Botox treatment, along with age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Behaviourally, spatial acuity was raised in the FHD patients compared to HCs. Travelling wave fMRI data were collected to assess somatotopy and mototopy. Compared to age-matched healthy controls and a healthy probabilistic atlas, FHD patients show little difference in somatotopy. Spatial overlap of digits was not found to be significantly different between FHD patients and HCs. In both groups there was high spatial overlap of somatosensory and motor responses in the post-central gyrus. |
| 3908 | Hemodialysis is associated with more severe disrupted brain functional networks in patients with end-stage renal disease | |
| Baolin Wu1, Lei Li1, Zhiyun Jia1,2, and Qiyong Gong1,3 | ||
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 3Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Although patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have shown brain structural and functional alterations, the change patterns of the whole-brain functional networks remain largely unknown. We aimed to explore the brain functional topologic organization differences among ESRD patients with hemodialysis (HD) and without dialysis and healthy controls (HCs) using graph-based network analysis. Compared with HCs, ESRD patients showed aberrant global and local topologic organizations, which is more obvious in HD patients. Furthermore, some topologic parameters were associated with cognitive performances and clinical markers. |
| 3909 | Local and Distant Communications in Sleeping Brain Modeled by Multiscale Entropy | |
| Yi-Chia Kung1, ChangWei Wesley Wu2,3, Pei-Jung Tsai4, Chia-Wei Lee5, Chun-Yi Zac Lo6, and Ching-Po Lin1 | ||
1Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Research Center of Brain and Consciousness, Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan, 4Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 6Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence (ISTBI), Shanghai, China |
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Multiscale entropy (MSE) was used to disclose the mixture between functional integration and segregation of brain circuits across NREM sleep. MSE showed N0>N2 and N1>N2 in Scale 1, accompanied with N2>N1 and N2>N3 in Scale 3. The scale-dependent entropy reflects distinct aspects of information processing in the sleeping brain: brain tends to distribute information distantly during the N2 stage and disintegrate both locally and distantly at the N3 stage. |
| 3910 | Application of machine learning multivariate pattern analysis for type 2 diabetes: A resting-state fMRI study | |
| Jingge Lian1, Jilei Zhang2, and Kangan Li1 | ||
1Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mellitus can increase risk of cognition impairment and dementia. Recently, machine learning, espicailly support vector machine, were introduced to functional MRI studies in individual classification of diseases. In current study, we used support vector machine to perform individual classification of T2DM and healthy controls (HC) using ALFF features based on rs-fMRI data. The selected features were determined to be key features for classification between groups using recursive feature elimination and may be associated with abnormalities of the spontaneous brain activity |
| 3911 | Towards accurate quantification of cerebrovascular reactivity using real-time phase-contrast MRI | |
| Wenqi Zhou1, Kristyna Herman1, Dengrong Jiang1, Hanzhang Lu1, and Peiying Liu1 | ||
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is typically measured from changes in cerebral perfusion responsive to a hypercapnic gas challenge. Recently, a real-time PC MRI technique using highly undersampled radial FLASH acquisitions with regularized nonlinear inversion reconstruction has been developed and showed great promise in quantifying CBF-based CVR during resting-state without hypercapnic gas challenge. However, quantification of CVR using this method requires optimization. In the present work, using the regular PC MRI as the gold standard, we compared four different analysis methods of the real-time PC MRI results, in order to identify the optimal approach for accurate CVR quantification using real-time PC MRI. |
| 3912 | Modeling human primary somatosensory cortex using population Receptive Fields. | |
| Wouter Schellekens1, Martijn Thio1, Nick Ramsey2, and Natalia Petridou1 | ||
1Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Neurosurgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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In the current study, we apply population Receptive Field modeling to somatosensory vibrotactile stimulation, using 7 Tesla functional MRI. We find somatotopic structures within primary somatosensory cortical areas BA3, BA1, and BA2. Furthermore, the receptive field sizes describe tactile information integration and allows for the direct assessment of processing hierarchy within primary somatosensory cortex. This finding is further supported by the estimated HRFs, showing that the BOLD response is quickest to emerge in BA3 which is known to receive primary input from the thalamus. |
| 3913 | A cortical-depth-dependent analysis of fingertip maps in human somatosensory cortex measured at ultra-high field (7T). | |
| Ashley York1, Saskia Bollmann2, Clinton Condon1, Markus Barth2, Ross Cunnington1, and Alexander Puckett1 | ||
1School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia, 2Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia |
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While cortical-depth-dependent fMRI studies are becoming increasingly common, these studies often focus on comparing average responses at different depths. Here we aimed, instead, to explore the integrity of a spatial response pattern across depth. For this, we analysed sub-millimeter fingertip mapping data from human somatosensory cortex. Data were acquired using fMRI at 7T and was comprised of two sets of somatotopic maps (bottom-up or top-down driven). Both sets of somatotopic maps were found to vary across depth and were marked by a banded pattern at superficial layers; however, this pattern dissipated in deeper layers – being dominated by noise. |
| 3914 | The amplitude of spontaneous fluctuations with high-frequency resting-state fMRI at 7T: influence of age and cardiorespiratory pulsations | |
| Marieke van den Kerkhof1,2, Jacobus F.A. Jansen1,2,3, Lisanne P.W. Canjels1,2,3, Robert J. van Oostenbrugge2,4,5, Benedikt A. Poser6, and Walter H. Backes1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 4Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands, 5Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 6Maastricht Brain Imaging Center, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Resting-state fMRI with a short TR enables unaliased sampling of the BOLD-signal, by disentangling cardiorespiratory pulsation signals. In this study, we aimed to explore the feasibility of obtaining a high-frequency spectrum and determined the influence of aging. Structural and high-frequency resting-state fMRI was performed using 7T MRI on 5 young and 5 elderly subjects. The power spectra, calculated for different brain regions, showed a clear separation of spontaneous BOLD fluctuations and the respiratory and cardiac pulsations. This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of acquiring high-frequency spectra using fMRI. Furthermore, initial results confirm that the BOLD effect attenuates with aging. |
| 3915 | Large-scale network abnormality in bipolar disorder: A multimodal meta-analysis of resting-state functional connectivity and VBM | |
| JiaYing Gong1,2, Junjing Wang3, Shaojuan Qiu1, Long Qian4, Li Huang1, and Ying Wang1 | ||
1Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, China, 4MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The present study is the first meta-analysis to integrate these diverse seed-based whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) results in bipolar disorder (BD) that exhibits abnormal connectivity within and between brain networks involved in internally oriented attention, processing of emotion or salience, goal-directed regulation of these functions, gating information, and sensorimotor processing. These findings motivate a large-scale neurocognitive model in which network abnormality is tightly linked to deficits in maintaining the integrated self (DN), processing of emotion (AN) or salience (VAN), and goal-directed regulation (FN) in BD. |
| 3916 | Insular subdivisions functional connectivity and immune dysregulation in patients with bipolar disorder: a resting‑state fMRI study | |
| Pan Chen1, Feng Chen1, Guanmao Chen1, Long Qian2, and Ying Wang1 | ||
1Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation have been considered as risk factors in the pathophysiology of mood disorders including bipolar disorder (BD). Previous metabolism, structural and functional neuroimaging studies have reported the specific regional brain volumetric alteration and dysfunction of the insula in BD. Taken together, in current study, the associations between the whole-brain dFC of each insular subdivision in unmedicated patients with BD and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines were analyzed. Our results demonstrated that the clinical risk factors might relate to the aberrant dFC in specific insular subdivision. |
| 3917 | Assessing drug cue-induced brain response in heroin dependents treated by methadone maintenance and protracted abstinence measures one year | |
| Xuan Wei1 | ||
1radiology department, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China |
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Our research aims to compare PA with MMT to reveal which abstinence way is better to recover the brain function in heroin-dependent individuals. Twenty-four heroin-dependent male males with about 12 months of PA, 21 heroin-dependent male patients stabilized on MMT for about 12 months and 20 demographically HC completed an event-related fMRI task including heroin-related and neutral cues. In the last part of this study, we proved PA is closer to HC group. This study showed PA is more beneficial for the heroin-dependent patients to lower the salience value of drug related cues, in turn to reduce relapse risks. |
| 3918 | Aberrant Regional Homogeneity in Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of resting-state functional MRI | |
| Zhangzhang Qi1, JiaYing Gong1,2, Long Qian3, and Ying Wang1 | ||
1Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Six Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI) studies have provided evidences for abnormal intrinsic brain activity in both schizophrenia and Bipolar disorder, but results are inconsistent. We conducted a meta-analysis of whole-brain, RS-fMRI studies to explore the Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) differences between patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia(SCZ). Our results suggested that the brain regions with convergent changes of ReHo in SCZ and BD included the Insular and prefrontalis lobe. While, the occipital lobe showed divergent change, where the ReHo value in SCZ decreases more. Patients with SCZ demonstrated much more widespread brain functional damage, including the decreased ReHo in sensorimotor area. |
| 3919 | Abnormal Stationary and Dynamic Functional Connectivity in Multiple System Atrophy | |
| Weimin Zheng1, Xiang Feng2, and Zhiqun Wang1 | ||
1Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Diagnosis Imaging, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China |
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This study aims to explore whether the differences in static and dynamic functional connectivity (s-FC and d-FC) can serve as potential biomarkers of multiple system atrophy (MSA). 24 MSA patients and 20 normal controls (NCs) were enrolled. We applied both s-FC and d-FC to evaluate functional changes in MSA patients and calculated the graph theory attributes based on s-FC and d-FC. We found that there were significant correlations between indicators of s-FC and d-FC and clinical performance. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the substantially different FC features can serve as predictors to distinguish MSA from NC. |
| 3920 | Evidences of Disrupted Temporal Variabilities in patients with subjective cognitive decline: a resting-state fMRI study | |
| Ling Zhang 1, Yi Zhu 2, Han Wu 3, Hongyuan Ding 1, Yaxin Gao 4, Qian Zhong 4, Qiumin Zhou 2, Ming Qi 1, Long Qian 5, Weiqiang Dou5, and Tong Wang2 | ||
1Radiology department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 2Rehabilitation Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 3Rehabilitation Department, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School at Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 4Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 5MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this study, the whole brain temporal variability (TV) changes have been respectively investigated for patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HCs). Significantly different TVs have been separately found between SCD, MCI patients and HCs in the regions involved in executive function, episodic memory, visual processing and visual memory and language perception and processing. Additionally, the TVs at these regions also showed strong correlations with multiple clinical scales. Therefore, TV method can be considered an effective tool in the early detection of SCD patients. |
| 3921 | EMD-derived Energy-Period Profiles of Brain Networks in fMRI Resting-State Data: An Application to Parkinson’s Disease | |
| Dietmar Cordes1,2, Muhammad Kaleem3, Zhengshi Yang1, Xiaowei Zhuang1, Tim Curran2, Karthik Sreenivasan1, Virendra Mishra1, Rajesh Nandy4, and Ryan Walsh5 | ||
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States, 3University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan, 4University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States, 5Muhammad Ali Parkinson Center at Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Traditionally, functional networks in resting-state data were investigated with Fourier and wavelet-related methods to characterize their frequency content. In this study, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), a nonlinear method, is used to determine energy-period profiles of Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs) for different resting-state networks. In an application to early Parkinson’s disease (PD) vs. normal controls (NC), energy and period content were computed with EMD and compared with results using short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) methods. Using a support vector machine, EMD achieved highest prediction accuracy in classifying NC and PD subjects among the three methods. |
| 3922 | Mapping the brain-wide network effects by optogenetic activation of the corpus callosum with an MRI-guided robotic arm | |
| Yi Chen1,2, Filip Sobczak1,2, Patricia Roldán Pais1,2, Cornelius Schwarz3, Alan P. Koretsky4, and Xin Yu1,5 | ||
1Research Group of Translational Neuroimaging and Neural Control, High-field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2Graduate School of Neural Information Processing, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Tübingen, Germany, 4Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 5Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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This study not only specifies the optogenetically driven corpus callosum-mediated regulation of the local excitation/inhibition balance in the local barrel cortex, but also depicts the power of the multi-modal fMRI to characterize the brain-wide network activity associated with circuit-specific optogenetic activations. It highlights a vital aspect of the brain-wide activation for circuit-specific causality studies with optogenetic tools. |
| 3923 | Gold-Aluminum Composite Electrodes for Brain Stimulation and LFP Recording with Reduced Image Artifacts at 16.4 Tesla | |
| Corey Cruttenden1, Mahdi Ahmadi1, Yi Zhang2, Wei Zhu2, Rajesh Rajamani1, Xiao-Hong Zhu2, and Wei Chen2 | ||
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Understanding the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS) would benefit from the ability to perform DBS simultaneously with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), but DBS electrodes introduce severe artifacts in fMRI. We constructed a novel gold-aluminum composite wire bundle and tested it for reducing B0 field distortion and image artifacts in phantom and in vivo at ultrahigh field (UHF) of 16.4T. The composite wire bundle exhibited superior performance compared to controls made of only gold or only aluminum. The new composite material structure can be applied to make multi-channel DBS electrodes with significantly reduced image artifacts even in UHF fMRI. |
| 3924 | How brain reacts to attack at a hub region | |
| Wenyu Tu1, Zilu Ma2, Yuncong Ma2, and Nanyin Zhang2 | ||
1The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States |
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The brain function is a network phenomenon. However, exactly how brain network reconfigures when a brain region stops functioning is virtually unknown. By combining chemogenetic and resting-state fMRI methods in an awake rats, we investigated the causal impact of inactivating a hub region, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex on brain network properties. We found that disrupting hub activity changed organization of the default-mode network (DMN) and DMN-related behavior. It also altered topological architecture of the whole-brain network. Our study established a system that allows for mechanistically dissecting the relationship between local regions and the whole brain network organization. |
| 3925 | Resting-state fMRI and EEG alpha power show distinct correlations at different time lags | |
| Yameng Gu1, Lucas E Sainburg1, Feng Han1, Jack W Williams1, Xiaoxiao Bai1, and Xiao Liu1 | ||
1Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States |
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Alpha rhythm in EEG is prominent in the occipital and parietal cortex under an awake brain state. Previous studies have reported strong correlations between the resting-state fMRI signals and EEG alpha power. Here, we re-examined their correlations at different time delays. We found strong positive fMRI correlations at the zero lag, which is distinct from those observed at the typical hemodynamic delay. The finding suggests that the resting-state EEG alpha modulation is likely associated with a sequential brain process starting much earlier. |
| 3926 | Electrophysiological and fMRI signals show consistent global propagations across the cortical hierarchy | |
| Yameng Gu1 and Xiao Liu1 | ||
1Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States |
||
Infra-slow (<0.1 Hz) propagating structures have been found in resting-state fMRI. Nevertheless, the neural origin of the infra-slow rsfMRI propagations remains unclear. Besides, the study of propagating activity using fMRI cannot ignore a series issue that the brain has spatial heterogeneity of hemodynamic delays. Here, to address the questions, we combined human rsfMRI and monkey electrophysiology data and found similar propagations swiping the cortex in two opposite directions along an axis of |
| 3927 | Improving brain imaging in Parkinson's disease by accounting for simultaneous motor output. | |
| Renzo Torrecuso1, Karsten Mueller1, Stefan Holiga2, Thomas Sieger3, Jan Vymazal4, Růžička Jan5, Evzem Ruzicka6, Matthias Schroeter7, Robert Jech8, and Harald E. Möller1 | ||
1Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Human Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 2Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, , Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 4| CULS · Faculty of Environmental Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 5Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of TechnologyTomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlin, Czech Republic, 6Neurology, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 7Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, 8Department of Neurology, Charles University in Prague | CUNI ·, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Parkinson's disease leads to a variety of movement impairments. While studying the disease with fMRI, the main motivation for the research becomes one of its major obstacles: the motor output is unpredictable. Therefore it is troublesome to access, inside the scanner, performances of motor tasks and reliably relate them to brain measurements. We proposed to overcome this by expanding the patients’ number and restricting statistical criteria from a previous study which used a glove with non-magnetic sensors during scanning. Our results revealed basal ganglia not observed in the previous study confirming the usefulness of the device in fMRI studies. |
| 3928 | Behavior-related resting-state MEG/fMRI connectivity changes are related to the hierarchical organization of the neocortex | |
| Feng Han1 and Xiao Liu1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States, 2Institute for Cyber Science, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, United States |
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It has been shown that the maximal correlation between rsfMRI connectivity and behavioral measures occurs along a positive-negative mode direction characterizing the change of the overall goodness of behavior. Here, we had a thorough examination of rsfMRI/MEG connectivity along this positive-negative mode direction. We found that behavioral changes are associated with significant connectivity modulations that are however distinct at the lower-order sensory/motor areas and higher-order cognitive regions. Moreover, this hierarchy-dependent connectivity modulation is similar for rsfMRI and middle-frequency MEG signals, but reversed for gamma-band MEG signals. The findings may provide novel insight into the neural basis of inter-subject behavioral variability. |
| 3929 | The role of hippocampus in central auditory processing – An optogenetic auditory fMRI study | |
| Eddie C. Wong1,2, Alex T. L. Leong1,2, Russell W. Chan1,2,3, Celia M. Dong1,2, Anthea To1,2, Vick Lau1,2, and Ed X. Wu1,2 | ||
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 3Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Hearing is not just a sensory process as it plays pivotal roles in enabling communication, and memory and learning functions. This indicates that auditory processing is not confined within the central auditory pathways and likely involves higher-order cognitive structures such as hippocampus, which at present remains poorly understood. Here, we employed combined optogenetic and auditory fMRI in rats to investigate whether auditory processing can be influenced by hippocampal inputs. We reveal the specific role of ventral hippocampus in influencing auditory processing of behaviorally relevant sound across the entire central auditory pathways. |
| 3930 | Approaches for Modeling Spatially Varying Associations Between Multi-Modal Images | |
| Alessandra Michelle Valcarcel1, Simon N Vandekar2, Tinashe Tapera3, Azeez Adebimpe3, David Roalf3, Armin Raznahan4, Theodore Satterthwaite3, Russell T Shinohara1, and Kristin A Linn1 | ||
1Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Developmental Neurogenomics Unit, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Multi-modal MRI modalities quantify different, yet complimentary, properties of the brain and its activity. When studied jointly, multi-modal imaging data may improve our understanding of the brain. We aim to study the complex relationships between multiple imaging modalities and map how these relationships vary spatially across different anatomical brain regions. Given a particular location in the brain, we regress an outcome image modality on one or more other modalities using all voxels in a local neighborhood of a target voxel. We apply our method to study how the relationship between local functional connectivity and cerebral blood flow varies spatially. |
| 3931 | Improved pre-surgical causal language mapping combining 3T and 7T fMRI with TMS and E-field modelling in a young tumour patient | |
| Anna-Lisa Schuler1, Georg Widhalm1, Michael Woletz1, Martin Tik1, Roland Fischer1, Karl Rössler1, and Christian Windischberger1 | ||
1Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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Here, we have optimised pre-surgical language mapping using navigated TMS with advanced E-field modelling and precise stimulation pulse timing. We employed a multi-modal approach incorporating ultra-high field (3 and 7 Tesla) functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional causal mapping including neuronavigated repetitive TMS, a software that allows for well-defined targeting and visual stimulus delay timings, as well as an advanced E-field/behavioural analysis. With this approach we could show that ‘virtual lesions’ close to tumour tissue yields clear spatial maps of functional impairment in language production. |
| 3932 | Estimating Cerebral Blood Flow from BOLD Signal Using Deep Dilated Wide Activation Networks | |
| Danfeng Xie1, Danfeng Xie1, Yiran Li1, Hanlu Yang1, Li Bai1, Donghui Song 2, Yuanqi Shang2, Qiu Ge2, and Ze Wang3 | ||
1Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 3University of Maryland School of Medicine, Philadelphia, MD, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to synthesize Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) cerebral blood flow (CBF) signal from blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal using deep machine learning (DL). Experimental results in the dual-echo Arterial Spin Labeling sequence show that the BOLD-to-ASL synthesize networks, the BOA-Net will yield similar cerebral blood flow value to that measured by ASL MRI and the cerebral blood flow maps produced by BOA-Net will show higher Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) than that from ASL MRI. |
| 3933 | EEG-fMRI at 9.4T: Safety assessment and effect on B0, B1 and fMRI scans in a phantom | |
| Vinod Jangir Kumar1, Kai Buckenmaier1, Tracy Warbrick2, Renate Wehrle3, Rolf Pohmann1, and Klaus Scheffler1 | ||
1Department for High-field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Brain Products GmbH, Gilching, Germany, 3Easycap GmbH, Herrsching, Germany |
||
Simultaneous EEG-fMRI has been attracting significant attention from neuroscientists for the last 20 years. During these years, EEG-fMRI has been in use to investigate brain at different field strengths. However, so far, there has been no study examining the potential use of EEG during MRI at 9.4T. Therefore, in this study, we used a customized EEG and acquired data with RF heating, gradient heating, B0, B1, and fMRI using a phantom. The results revealed no critical increase in temperature in the EEG. However, there is an observable decrease in B1, which indicates the need for further research in this direction. |
| 3934 | Pushing the limits of EEG: estimation of large-scale functional networks and their dynamics validated by simultaneous fMRI | |
| Rodolfo Abreu1, Marco Simões1,2, and Miguel Castelo-Branco1 | ||
1Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 2Center for Informatics and Systems (CISUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal |
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Resting-state networks (RSNs) have been identified on continuous source-reconstructed EEG data (electrical source imaging; EEG-ESI data), but their validation with simultaneous fMRI data is missing. Here, we found a comparable overlap with previous literature between EEG-ESI-derived RSNs and simultaneous fMRI-derived RSNs from 10 subjects. We showed the ability of EEG-ESI to map the task-specific facial expression processing network, and extracted dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) states from EEG-ESI and fMRI, founding a significant match between them. Our results push the limits of EEG towards being used as an imaging tool and support the existence of EEG correlates of fMRI-derived (d)FC. |
| 3935 | Resting-State Functional Connectome Analysis of Awake Common Marmoset with Functional MRI and Electrocorticographic | |
| Yawara Haga1,2,3, Junichi Hata2,3,4, Takaaki Kaneko2,5, Tatsuhiko Yamada6, Yuji Komaki3, Fumiko Seki2,3,5, Hideyuki Okano2,5, Hirotaka James Okano4, Tetsuo Yamamori2, Noritaka Ichinohe2,7, Yuichi Yamashita7, Akira Furukawa1, and Misako Komatsu2,7 | ||
1Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan, 2RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan, 3Live Imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 4Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 6Graduate School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Fukuoka, Japan, 7National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan |
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We explored the resting-state functional network of awake common marmoset by functional MRI (fMRI) and electrocorticographic (ECoG). As a result, a visual cortex network, a somatomotor network, a default mode network and a striatum network were detected in functional connectome analysis. In addition, some resting-state networks that were observed in the previous studies were detected in ICA. Those resting-state networks were also observed in ECoG data. Therefore, we conclude that fMRI and ECoG data were almost consistent. |
| 3936 | Driving with distraction: brain activity and oculomotor behaviour using fMRI and eye-tracking | |
| Nicole Yuen1,2, Fred Tam2, Nathan Churchill3, Tom Schweizer3, and Simon Graham1,2 | ||
1Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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This study sheds further light on the neural correlates of driving behaviour and distracted driving, an important road-safety issue. Functional MRI and simultaneous eye-tracking measurements are performed during simulated driving tasks with and without auditory distraction. Initial results are consistent with previously published fMRI findings, showing changes in the occipital lobes, temporal lobes and frontal regions that are associated with increasing cognitive demand and distraction. These observations, and their interpretation, are consistent with reductions in the gaze field-of-view and increases in pupil diameter that reflect how the brain deals with cognitive challenges during realistic driving scenarios. |
| 3937 | Reconstructing the BOLD-fMRI signal at the facial expression processing network from simultaneous EEG-derived predictors | |
| MARCO SIMOES1, Rodolfo Abreu2, Bruno Direito2, Alexandre Sayal2, Joao Castelhano2, Paulo Carvalho3, and Miguel Castelo-Branco2 | ||
1CIBIT, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, COIMBRA, Portugal, 2CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 3CISUC, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal |
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fMRI is the neuroimage modality of choice when considering localized neurofeedback applications. However, the high costs and inflexibility of MRI setups limit their widespread application, motivating their transfer to EEG setups by reconstructing the BOLD-fMRI signal at the target regions using EEG only. Here, we systematically investigated the extent at which the BOLD-fMRI signal at the facial expressions processing network could be reconstructed from simultaneously recorded EEG signals. Features from both scalp and source spaces were extracted and used as predictors in a regression problem using random forests. We improved the accuracy of the state-of-the-art method from 20% to 53%. |
| 3938 | Predicting Blood-oxygenation-level Dependent Signal from Local Field Potentials Using Recurrent Neural Networks | |
| Xiaodi Zhang1, Wen-Ju Pan1, and Shella Dawn Keilholz1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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We implemented a stacked long short-term memory neural network to predict the blood-oxygenation-level dependent signal from the band-limited power of local field potentials in a variety of frequencies. The model was trained with simultaneously acquired resting state fMRI and LFP data from rats under Isoflurane anesthesia. The results show that the model prediction has a higher Pearson correlation with the ground truth of BOLD signal than the LFP band-limited power in any frequency bands. |
| 3939 | Applying Neurophysiologically-Informed Calcium Photometry Data as Regressor for Task-Free fMRI: An Analysis Pipeline. | |
| Dirk Ernst Cleppien1, Felipe Aedo-Jury2, Miriam Schwalm3, and Albrecht Stroh2 | ||
1MAIC, German Resilience Center, Mainz, Germany, 2German Resilience Center, Mainz, Germany, 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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We recently employed optically recorded slow oscillation-associated calcium waves as a linear regressor for simultaneously acquired task-free fMRI revealing a pan-cortical fMRI signature related to the active periods of the slow wave rhythm. Here, we provide a novel analysis pipeline for the synchronization of single events, as obtained by calcium photometry recordings, with fMRI scans usually requiring averaging over multiple trials. This synchronization poses unique problems, such as dealing with the inherent variability of the neurophysiological signal. The pipeline introduced here provides a step-by-step-approach within the framework of fast line scanning fMRI. |
| 3940 | Measuring Aerobic Glycolysis with T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging MRI and 18FDG PET: Preliminary Comparison with 15O PET | |
| Shengwen Deng1, Dengrong Jiang2, Crystal G. Franklin1, Michael O'Boyle1, Wei Zhang1, Betty L. Heyl1, Paul A. Jerabek1, Hanzhang Lu2, and Peter T. Fox1 | ||
1Research Imaging Institute, UT Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Preliminary test of using T2 based CMRO2 measurement to measure aerobic glycolysis in human brain, with combination of TRUST MRI, phase contrast MRI and quantitative FDG PET. Preliminary quantative comparison and modeling of MR/PET (TRUST-PC-FDG) and PET/PET (O-15/FDG) aerobic glycolysis measurement. |
| 3941 | Understanding the functional connectivity of neural engagement of motor imagery and task through EEG engagement index informed fMRI | |
| Deepanshi Dabas1,2, Srishti Keshari1,3, Pawan Kumar1, Ardaman Kaur1, Swati Agrawal1, Prabhjot Kaur1, Maria M D'souza1, and Vijayakumar C1 | ||
1NMR Research centre, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, New Delhi, India, 2Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India, 3Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India |
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Understanding neural engagement of Motor imagery facilitates development of various Brain-Computer Interface systems for rehabilitation purposes effectively. This study brings more insights on the neural underpinnings and associated functional connectivity of basal-ganglia, temporal and frontal-parietal regions during both Motor Imagery (MI) and Motor Action (MA) gripping tasks of randomised left, right and both hands movement with fifteen right-handed volunteers, using EEG-engagement index informed fMRI and functional connectivity approach. Functional connectivity analysis of the neural correlates reveal statistically elevated engagement of basal-ganglia, superior temporal gyrus and frontal-parietal regions in imagery, left handed imagery/action and both hand gripping tasks respectively. |
| 3942 | fMRI dynamic functional connectivity states associated with EEG alpha power | |
| Afonso Aires1, Rodolfo Abreu1,2, João Jorge3,4, Joana Cabral5, and Patrícia Figueiredo1 | ||
1ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico – Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, 2Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 3Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Systems Division, Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM), Neuchâtel, Switzerland, 5Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Minho, Portugal |
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Functional connectivity has been shown to change over short time scales of seconds to minutes, giving rise to the so-called dynamic functional connectivity (dFC). However, the electrophysiological underpinnings of dFC states remain unclear. We investigate EEG spectral correlates of dFC states using simultaneous EEG-fMRI data, by using a high temporal resolution fMRI acquisition combined with a phase coherence approach for dFC estimation and by computing k-means clustering with a varying number of dFC states. We found an association between high alpha power topographies and specific dFC states, which included regions of the frontoparietal network and the default mode network. |
| 3943 | Chemically-Induced Hypothermia Altered Hypothalamic Functional Connectivity with Limbic System in the Monkey Brain | |
| Chun-Xia Li1, Xiaohuan Gu2, Doty Kempf1, Ling Wei2, Shanping Yu3,4, and Xiaodong Zhang1,5 | ||
1Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 32Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, , Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States, 5Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Rhesus monkeys were used to investigate whether ABS-201 induces similar hypothermia effect in large animals as seen in rodents and how this drug influences the hypothalamus centered limbic functional network. Functional connectivity (FC) between anterior hypothalamus and limbic system was examined by using resting state fMRI (rsfMRI). It is found that ABS-201 caused significant hypothermia effects in monkeys and significantly decreased hypothalamic FC with limbic regions as well. The findings suggest ABS-201 may have profound effects on the neurobehavior of subjects mediated by the hypothermia and antipsychotic effect. |
| 3944 | Characterizing the morphology and resting-state functional connectivity in chronic specific and nonspecific low back pain | |
| Cui Ping Mao1, Quan Xin Yang1, Qiu Juan Zhang1, Hong Hong Sun1, Hua Juan Yang1, Xiao Qian Zhou1, and Gui Rong Zhang1 | ||
1Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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It is important to determine and distinguish the mechanisms underlying different types of pain because different drug targets are useful in pain of different origins. Specific low back pain (SLBP) with a recognizable pathology and nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) are different pain conditions. The amygdala has been linked with the pathophysiology of chronic LBP. However, it is not known whether the amygdala is differentially affected in both conditions. Our study suggested that the amygdala morphology, resting-state functional connectivity and effective connectivity are differentially affected in subjects with SLBP and NSLBP, indicating different brain mechanisms in SLBP and NSLBP. |
| 3945 | Probing human somatosensory cortex using ultra-high field (7T) fMRI and 3D-printed fractal textures | |
| Alexander M Puckett1, Zoey Isherwood2, Ashley York1, Catherine Viengkham3, and Branka Spehar3 | ||
1University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, 3University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia |
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Recent advances in fMRI, particularly accelerated image acquisition and ultra-high field (7T), have enabled high-resolution measurements and thus have provided the capability to non-invasively study the organization and function of smaller cortical areas in humans. One such area is primary somatosensory cortex, S1, in which the neuronal processing of tactile information largely occurs. Here we used 7T fMRI to (1) locate and map the fingertip representations in human S1 and then (2) to examine the activity at these locations in response to touching 3D-printed fractal textures. Robust and overlapping activation was seen across both conditions throughout primary somatosensory cortex. |
| 3946 | Muscone-evoked activations in the whole brains of mice, studied by the BOLD method using periodic stimulation and independent component analysis | |
| Fuyu Hayashi1, Mitsuhiro Takeda1, Naoya Yuzuriha1, Sosuke Yoshinaga1, and Hiroaki Terasawa1 | ||
1Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan |
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Muscone is a compound that contributes to the smell of musk and attracts male mice. When mice are stimulated with muscone, their main olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex are activated, as revealed by immunohistochemistry. It is conceivable that the signals are further transduced in the cerebrum, resulting in the attraction behavior in male mice. It is important to identify the muscone-evoked activated regions in the whole brain and explore their biological significance. We previously developed a functional MRI method that uses repetitive odor stimulation and independent component analysis. We applied this method to identify the muscone-evoked activated regions. |
| 3947 | Resting state cerebral networks in mouse lemur primates: comparison with humans | |
| Clément M. Garin1, Nachiket N. Nadkarni2, Brigitte Landeau3,4, Jean-Luc Picq2,5, Gaël Chételat3,4, Salma Bougacha3,4, and Dhenain Marc2,6 | ||
1Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, United States, 2Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Fontenay aux Roses, France, 3INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie University, UNICAEN, EPHE, Caen, France, 4Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, GIP Cyceron, Inserm, Inserm UMR-S U1237, Caen, France, 5EA 2027, Université Paris 8, 5 Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et de Neuropsychologie, Saint Denis, France, 6UMR 9199, Neurodegenerative Diseases Laboratory, 1 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France, France |
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Characterizing neuronal networks in animals is critical to further address their evolutions. Here we compared brain networks in humans and in mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus), one of the more phylogenetically distant primates as compared to humans. Network hubs were split into parietal and frontal clusters in humans, while they were grouped in lemurs. Human’s default mode network (DMN) embedded more hubs than lemur's DMN. Mouse lemur's motor network embedded more hubs than human motor networks. Hubness properties could constitute a lever of evolution to adapt information flux to brain size and/or cerebral function. |
| 3948 | Shaping the BOLD signal through Excitatory and Inhibitory Interaction. | |
| Rik Lodevicus Elizabeth Maria Ubaghs1, Harald Dermutz1, Roman Böhringer1, Markus Marks1, Mehmet Fatih Yanik1, and Benjamin Friedrich Grewe1 | ||
1Institute of Neuroinformatics University and ETH Zurich, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Characteristics of neural processing such as recurrent signalling, make the definition of functional neural involvement notoriously difficult. This has implications for fMRI interpretation, and especially the relationship between excitatory/inhibitory networks and the BOLD response has not been well studied. Here we provide evidence that there are stimulus-dependent effects on neural processing in the VISp that could explain previously observed differentiation in BOLD polarity. We hypothesize that this is due to local excitatory/inhibitory interactions, and present a novel fiber-photometry setup that allows us to investigate the neural underpinnings of this effect by measuring excitatory and inhibitory activity during fMRI. |
| 3949 | Orientation Selective Deep Brain Stimulation of Entorhinal Cortex and Medial Septal Nucleus in rats - functional MRI study at 9.4T. | |
| Lin Wu1, Sheng Sang1, Lauri Lehto1, Antonietta Canna1,2, Jun Ma3, Clairice Pearce3, Zihad Nahas4, Walter Low3, Silvia Mangia1, and Shalom Michaeli1 | ||
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy, 3Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Orientation selective deep brain stimulation (OS-DBS) is a flexible strategy to achieve selective stimulation of brain pathways. OS-DBS was used here in rats for stimulating the entorhinal cortex (EC) and the medial septal nucleus (MSN). Stimulating such areas induce neurogenesis in dental gyrus of the hippocampal formation, and can thus be regarded a potential therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Brain responses during OS-DBS were monitored by MB-SWIFT fMRI at 9.4T. Results demonstrate that different orientations of OS-DBS can modulate and selectively maximize activation of EC/MSN- hippocampal formation networks, and thus hold promise for maximizing neurogenesis and therapy efficacy for AD. |
| 3950 | fMRI investigation of brain plasticity after unilateral cervical spinal cord injury | |
| Basavaraju G Sanganahalli1, Jyothsna Chitturi2, Stella Elkabes3, Peter Herman1, Fahmeed Hyder1, and Sridhar S kannurpatti2 | ||
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New haven, CT, United States, 2Radiology, RUTGERS-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States, 3Department of Neurological Surgery, RUTGERS-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States |
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To assess brain plasticity after a unilateral incomplete cervical spinal cord injury (SCI), a complete neural axis assessment was performed using the adult rat model of cervical SCI at the C2/C3 level. Structural T1 and T2-spinal cord anatomical imaging and resting state BOLD-fMRI (9.4T) of the brain was performed 1 month after SCI in sham and SCI animals. The unilateral SCI induced lesion was discernable from anatomical images. Intrinsic brain activity assessed using functional connectivity density (FCD) mapping of global, short-range and long-range connectivity revealed a significant increase in FCD across SCI animals compared to sham. |
| 3951 | Role of the combination of T2 values and edema volume as a biomarker in evaluating the neuroprotective effect of LITUS to moderate TBI with rat model | |
| Du Juan1, Zheng Tao1, Yuan Yi2, Wang Zhanqiu1, Liu Defeng1, Shi Qinglei3, Wu Shuo1, Wang Xiaohan1, and Liu Lanxiang1 | ||
1MRI, Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China, 2Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China, 3Siemens Healthcare, MR Scientific Marketing, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we verified the feasibility of T2 values combined with edema volume changes in evaluating the neuro therapeutic effect of low-intensity transcranial ultrasound stimulation (LITUS) on post-traumatic brain edema with rat model. The neuro therapeutic effect of LITUS was attributed to inhibiting the expression of AQP4 and promoting the removal of β-APP. |
| 3952 | Network scale optogenetic fMRI with tapered optical fibers | |
| Elizabeth de Guzman1, Alberto Galbusera1, Filippo Pisano2, Elisa Bellistri2, Alexia Stuefer1, Dania Vecchia3, Massimo De Vittorio2,4, Ferruccio Pisanello2, Tommaso Fellin3, and Alessandro Gozzi1 | ||
1Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy, 2Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano, Italy, 3Optical approaches to brain function, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy, 4Dip. di Ingegneria dell’Innovazione, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy |
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Optogenetic fMRI is an attractive tool for studying neuronal manipulation dynamics at multiple scales, but currently lacks techniques for network (i.e. mesoscale) level investigations due to the small illumination volume of traditional flat-faced optical fibers. Here we show that a recently developed tapered fiber design allowed simultaneous, artefact-free illumination of large cortico-hippocampal areas. We also demonstrated that low-frequency cortico-hippocampal entrainment resulted in a prominent functional desynchronization of the mouse default mode network. These results support the use of this technique for deconstructing network-scale substrates and probing brain-wide functional network dynamics. |
| 3953 | Automatic Mouse Skull-Stripping in fMRI Research via Deep Learning Using 3D Attention U-net | |
| Guohui Ruan1, Jiaming Liu1, Ziqi An1, Kaibin Wu2, Wufan Chen1, Ed X. Wu3, and Yanqiu Feng1 | ||
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing & Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, Hong Kong, China |
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Skull-stripping is an important preprocessing step in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research. In fMRI research using rodents, skull-stripping is still manually implemented, and it is very time-consuming. To address this problem, a 3D Attention U-net was trained for automatically extracting mouse brain from fMRI time series. The experimental results demonstrate that the mouse brain can be effectively extracted by the proposed method, and the corresponding fMRI results agrees well with the results with manual skull-stripping. |
| 3954 | OpenMind – An Open Database of Brain Functions under Anesthesia for Preclinical MRI Research (and Beyond) | |
| Henning Matthias Reimann1, Thomas Getgood2, and Thoralf Niendorf1,3 | ||
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 2Unaffiliated, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany |
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Understanding anesthetic effects in preclinical fMRI is key to produce significant findings. Over the last decades massive amounts of data have been produced on anesthesia, yet major portions lie idle to the community. Here we introduce an open, community driven infrastructure that combines the wiki principle (dynamic creating, correcting, commenting) with a powerful dynamic databank approach (fast and easy search, and network visualization of related findings) on anesthetic effects. OpenMind provides (1) convenient data upload, (2) fast and efficient search and filter functions, (3) embedding of findings in a larger dynamic context, and (4) low maintenance. |
| 3955 | Effect of Eyeblink Conditioning on Intrinsic Brain Connectivity in Awake Rabbits: a resting-state fMRI study | |
| Nicola Bertolino1, Daniele Procissi1, John F Disterhoft2, and Craig Weiss2 | ||
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Physiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Functional brain plasticity is an important characteristic of the brain and enables an individual to learn and adapt as a result of life experiences. In this study we investigated the reorganization of functional brain networks after eyeblink conditioning in awake rabbits by resting state fMRI. This work builds the foundation for studying pre-clinically how cognitive impairment affects learning processes, its implication on brain capability to adapt and learn, and the possible impact of new therapies. |
| 3956 | An optimized pipeline for functional network identification in rat brain with resting-state fMRI | |
| Yujian Diao1, Rolf Gruetter1, and Ileana Ozana Jelescu1 | ||
1Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) is a widely used technique for identifying resting state networks (RSNs) and investigating brain disorders. However, the characterization of RSNs can be seriously hindered by the presence of random and structural noise in the measured fMRI signal. Most tools that correct for these effects are tailored for human brain and are not readily transposable to rat data. Here we propose a data processing pipeline for rat rs-fMRI data which can robustly remove artefacts and clean the rs-fMRI data. We report the performance of the pipeline for analyzing rat RSNs and discriminating between control and disease groups. |
| 3957 | Sensory-evoked fMRI of transgenic mouse is enhanced by deafness | |
| Hyun-Ji Shim1,2, Yoonsun Yang1, Gunsoo Kim1, and Seong-Gi Kim1,2,3 | ||
1Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon-si, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Health Science and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Korea, Republic of |
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BOLD fMRI is ideal for investigating neural plasticity of transgenic mouse lines. Visual and somatosensory functions can be reorganized following deafness in the early stage and adult in humans and animals. However, the extent of the neural plasticity remains unclear. To determine how deafness affects other sensory areas, 9.4T BOLD fMRI of sensory stimulation was measured before and after deafening in transgenic adult mice. The impact of scanner noise to evoked responses was also investigated in wild-type mice. Our results suggest that the sensory loss in one modality affects other sensory activities. |
| 3958 | Brain mechanism of anesthesia and sedation: fMRI functional connectivity study with minimized impact of physiological background noise in rats | |
| Wen-Ju Pan1, Vahid Khalilzad Sharghi1, Xiaodi Zhang1, and Shella Keilholz1 | ||
1Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Different anesthetic states and sedation may have varying contributions to BOLD from physiological background noise that may challenge a comparison across brain states. Little is known on brain functional organization between anesthesia and sedation. We used a scan strategy optimized to minimize impact from physiological background noise to examine the effects of different anesthetics on functional connectivity (FC). Our results demonstrate distinct FC patterns across anesthesia depth transition and sedation, providing insight into potential brain mechanisms of unconsciousness that include global modulation of functional connectivity by isoflurane, and distant functional connectivity impairment in dexmedetomidine. |
| 3959 | Physiologic noise contributes to large scale switching in PCC-seeded spontaneous co-activation | |
| Wanyong Shin1 and Mark J. Lowe1 | ||
1Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We investigated the impact of physiologic noise correction on PCC seeded co-activation pattern (CAP) analysis varying the cluster number. We found that patterns from PCC seeded CAP analysis were best classified as 5 sub-patterns of default mode, sensory visual and motor, salience, central executive networks and noise. Also we observed that physiologic noise correction resulted in less frequent salience and central executive networks from PCC-related co-activations than uncorrected data. |
| 3960 | Cohesive parcellation of rsfMRI using constrained hierarchical clustering | |
| Ajay Nemani1 and Mark Lowe1 | ||
1Imaging Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Most connectivity-based parcellations of rsfMRI are synthesized from the dense connectome. However, the mean parcel signal is typically used for data reduction prior to network analysis. This results in representative parcel time series that are poorly correlated to their member voxels (poor parcel cohesion). We propose an adjacency-constrained, agglomerative hierarchical clustering framework that uses parcel cohesion as a linkage criteria. This results in parcels with mean time series that are significantly more representative of their member voxels. This parcellation is easily interpretable and well-suited for downstream analyses. |
| 3961 | Detection of tiny oscillatory magnetic fields toward low-field fMRI: A phantom and simulation study | |
| Hiroyuki Ueda1, Yosuke Ito1, Takenori Oida1, Yo Taniguchi2, and Tetsuo Kobayashi1 | ||
1Electrical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Hitachi, Ltd., Kokubunji, Japan |
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To detect neural activities using a low-field MRI, we focused on spin-lock techniques, which are potentially effective tools for low-field functional MRI (fMRI). First, we estimated the magnetic field strength generated from neural activities using an equivalent current dipole model. Subsequently, we compared two spin-lock techniques by simulation and phantom experiments. It was found that the lowest detectable field strength was several tens pT in the simulation, whereas the experimental one was 2.34 nT. In future work, we plan to improve SNR using noise-reduction processing to realize the low-field fMRI. |
| 3962 | Improved Between-group Effect Size via Multisite Functional Connectivity Normalization | |
| Alexandra Reardon1,2, Kaiming Li1,2, Jason Langley2, and Xiaoping Hu1,2 | ||
1Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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Multisite databases allow for increased statistical power and enhanced reproducibility, however data pooled across sites are often acquired with different scanners and/or protocols, leading to significant site-dependent variances and thereby reduced effects in group analyses. We quantified the functional connectivity variance associated with the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange, a multisite resting state functional MRI database, and demonstrate how normalization functional connectivity results led to increased effect size when measuring established functional connectivity changes in autistic subjects as compared to healthy controls. |
| 3963 | Post-surgical human brain functional reorganization in gliomas: a longitudinal study | |
| Francesca Saviola1, Lisa Novello1, Domenico Zacà1,2, Luciano Annicchiarico3,4, Luca Zigiotto3,4, Silvio Sarubbo3,4, and Jorge Jovicich1 | ||
1CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy, 2Siemens Healthcare, Milano, Italy, 3Department of Neuroscience,, Division of Neurosurgery, S.Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy, 4Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab, S.Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy |
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The recent brain connectomic framework has introduced a shift in the study of brain tumors. Previously considered as a focal brain disease, brain tumors are nowadays also studied in the context of structural and functional neural networking disruptions and their cognitive consequences. In this longitudinal behavior and resting state functional MRI study, we investigate how tumor grade, behavior and functional connectivity in brain network hubs and their connections to non-hubs are affected following surgical tumor resection. |
| 3964 | A machine learning investigation of resting-state fMRI abnormalities in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder | |
| Qianlin Ding1, Guanqiao Jin1, Lidong Liu1, Danhui Fu1, Wenjuan Deng1, Yang Zhao 1, Long Qian2, Weiyin Vivian Liu2, and Danke Su1 | ||
1GuangXi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijin, China |
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Frascati criteria for diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder lacks sensitivity, specificity, susceptible to learning effect, socioeconomic position and other confounding factors. fMRI can sensitively discover pathophysiological changes in HIV-infected central nervous system. In our study, ALFF and fALFF separately well classified HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups with AUC = 0.65 and 0.62, respectively. Our findings of injured frontal,parietal and occipital cortex associated with execution and attention function were consistent with previous studies, indicating activations reduced in the frontal lobe but increased in occipital lobe among patients with HAND. Both ALFF and fALFF could be biomarkers for objectively classifying HIV individuals. |
| 3965 | Surface Based Connectivity Integration – A Processing Pipeline for High Resolution Integration of Structural and Functional Connectivity | |
| Kyle Murray1, Martin Cole2, Etienne St-Onge3, Maxime Descouteaux3, Jianhui Zhong1,4, Giovanni Schifitto4,5, and Zhengwu Zhang2 | ||
1Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Webster, NY, United States, 2Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 3Computer Science, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 4Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 5Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States |
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The integration of structural and functional connectivity thus far has been limited to atlas-based parcellation studies. We present a novel atlas-free processing pipeline to explore the integration of structural and functional connectivity at high spatial resolution. This pipeline has been reliably replicated in other research subjects. We also introduce a dual-modality imaging feature that can be mapped to the gray-white matter surfaces. Early results demonstrate that structural and functional connectivity are likely strongly linked. This pipeline allows for the first time to perform connectivity analyses on individual white surfaces, opening up many more possibilities to future connectivity studies. |
| 3966 | Investigating the human brain information flow pattern based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging | |
| Zhizheng Zhuo1, Haiyun Li2, Yingjie Mei3, and Yaou Liu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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Different information flow patterns were found within low and high signal frequency bands based on resting-state fMRI. |
| 3967 | Alteration resting state networks functional connectivity associated with Hypothyroidism using Graph theory | |
| Mukesh Kumar1, Poonam Rana1, Tarun Sekhri2, Subash Khushu1, Rajanikant Panda3, Ratnesh Kanwar2, Shilpi Modi1, and Maria Dsouza1 | ||
1NMR Research Center, INMAS, Delhi, India, 2Thyroid research Center, INMAS, Delhi, India, 3Cognitive Neuroscience Center, NIMHANS, Bangalore, India |
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The aim of this study is to explore the alteration RSNs connectivity and its association with underlying neurobehavioral symptoms in hypothyroid as compared to controls and consequences of therapeutic intervention using graph theory-based network analysis. Our finding revealed significantly reduced clustering coefficient, small world connectivity and local network efficiency in hypothyroid as compared to controls in sub-regions FPN, DMN, cingulo-opercular network, SMN and got reversed back in euthyroid patients in the network sub-regions of frontoparietal network, cingulo-opercular network, SMN after thyroxin therapy. These findings of reduced clustering coefficient suggest abated activities of motor, attention, working memory and cognition in hypothyroid. |
| 3968 | Functional Connectivity in Limbic System May Determine the Laterality in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy- A Graph-Theory Approach | |
| Saba Amiri1, Jafar Mehvari Habibabadi2, Seyed Sohrab Hashemi-Fesharaki3, Neda Mohammadi Mobarakeh1, Mehdi Mirbagheri1, and Mohammad-Reza Nazem-Zadeh1,4 | ||
1Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Isfahan Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 3Pars Advanced Medical Research Center, Pars Hospital, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 4Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Advanced Medical Technologies and Equipment Inst, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a disorder of altered brain networks. We evaluated the functional connectivity of the brain limbic system believed to be affected by TLE, based on resting state functional MRI and the graph network analysis. Our results showed that insula, posterior cingulate gyrus, and thalamus may undergo abnormal functional connectivity in terms of local degree in both right and left TLE compared to the healthy subjects. Furthermore, our results suggest that functional connectivity, as evaluated by local degree in insula and thalamus may have a potential application to help determine the laterality in cases of TLE. |
| 3969 | Connectome predictive modeling of face-name associations in older adults with mild cognitive impairment | |
| Michelle Karker1, Scott Peltier2, Allison Moll3, Julia Laing3, and Benjamin M. Hampstead3,4 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 4Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Connectome predictive modeling was applied to task data. Leveraging a MCI-relevant face-name task illuminates relationships with measures of total cognition (RBANS) and memory (Free Recall). This provides support for the use of clinically-relevant tasks in cases where a “driven” connectivity network may elucidate pathological changes. |
| 3970 | The Study of Regional Homogeneity and dynamic functional Connectivity of Trigeminal Neuralgia at Resting-state fMRI | |
| pengfei zhang1, jun wang1, shaoyu wang2, and jing zhang1 | ||
1LanZhou University Second Hospital, LanZhou, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, ShangHai, China |
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Based on rest-state fMRI, we investigated the changes of regional neural activity in trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) patients via analysis of regional homogeneity (ReHo). Furthermore, the alterations of dynamic functional connectivity was explored. Compared with healthy controls , brain regions with significant ReHo value changes in TN patients are mainly concentrated in default mode network (DMN) and Ventral attention Network(VAN). Dynamic analysis suggested four distinct connectivity ‘States’ across the entire group. Our results demonstrated that TN is associated with abnormal neuronal activities in different areas of the brain and dynamic functional connectivity between functional networks. |
| 3971 | A Hierarchical Latent Space Network Model for Population Studies of Functional Connectivity | |
| James David Wilson1, Skyler Cranmer2, and Zhong-Lin Lu3 | ||
1Mathematics and Statistics, University of San Francisco, San Anselmo, CA, United States, 2Political Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Center for Neuroscience and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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Functional connectivity scans are hierarchical – heterogeneity differentiates people according to clinical diagnosis and stage of disease. Hierarchy furthermore dictates connectivity of an individual - functional networks manifest as a hierarchy of subnetworks, each with their own unique biological function. To model functional connectivity across populations of individuals, we develop the hierarchical latent space model (HLSM), a statistical model that accounts for hierarchy as a function of clinical and connectivity features describing functional images. The HLSM reveals differences in the connectivity patterns between healthy and schizophrenia groups when applied to data from the Center for Biomedical Research Excellence (COBRE) project. |
| 3972 | Improved Specificity of Functional Mapping of Thalamocortical Connections at Ultra High Field | |
| Mark J Lowe1, Anna Crawford1, and Stephen E Jones1 | ||
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
||
We compare whole brain functional connectivity to the Vim thalamic nucleus at 3T and 7T, and demonstrate that the higher spatial resolution and higher contrast-to-noise ratio at 7T results in maps that are more specific to the function of that thalamic region and the connectivity maps from the 3T data are likely lacking in specificity due to partial volume of signal from neighboring thalamic regions. |
| 3973 | Mitigating effects of temporal filter of time-series for reliability of connectome calculations. | |
| Robert Cary Welsh1 and Martin A Lindquist2 | ||
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Biostatistics, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Temporal filtering is a typical step in preprocessing of BOLD time-series for calculation of resting-state correlations, which are the basis of a connectome calculation. Bandpass filtering is a usual step in preprocessing of resting-state BOLD time-series data. Temporal filtering can introduce bias in the correlation calculations resulting in artifact in the connectome affecting the reliability in a connectome. We demonstrate this effect in simulations and then show this in data from the Human Connectome Project. We also show how to mitigate this issue for high reliability of the connectome as measured by image intraclass correlation coefficient (I2C2). |
| 3974 | Resting-state Functional Connectivity during Voluntary Mouth Breathing | |
| Chan-A Park1, Ju-Yeon Jung2, Yeong-Bae Lee3,4, and Chang-Ki Kang2,4,5 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Healthy Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 4Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiological Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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The purpose of the study is to examine the difference of the functional connectivity between the nasal and mouth breathing conditions in healthy subjects using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging via seed-based correlation analysis. “Mouth>Nose” contrast had 5 seeds and 23 connecting pairs, however, 6 seeds and 14 pairs in the “Mouth<Nose” contrast. Especially, caudate had the most number of connections of salience networks, supramarginal gyrus, insular cortex, central opercular cortex, supramarginal gyrus, and parietal operculum in “Mouth>Nose” contrast. These indicated that the limbic system regulates the resting-state functional connectivity during the voluntary mouth breathing compared the nasal breathing. |
| 3975 | Studying the impact of impaired perfusion and oxygen metabolism on resting-state fMRI-based functional connectivity by simulating blood oxygenation fluctuations | |
| Christine Preibisch1,2,3, Mario E. Archila-Melendez1,3, Stephan Kaczmarz1,3, and Christian Sorg1,3 | ||
1Department of Neuroradiology, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany, 2Clinic of Neurology, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany, 3TUM NIC, Technische Universität München, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany |
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signals in the resting state is widely used to study functional connectivity of slowly fluctuating ongoing brain activity (BOLD-FC) in humans, particularly also in patients. While physiological impairments, e.g. aberrant perfusion, are common in neurological and psychiatric disorders, their impact on measured BOLD-FC is widely unknown and ignored. The aim of our simulation study, therefore, was to investigate how alterations in neurovascular coupling influence resting-state BOLD-FC measures. Our results demonstrate crucial impact of neurovascular coupling on BOLD-FC due to changes in CMRO2, CBF, CBV, in both amplitudes and delays. |
| 3976 | Increased Striatal Functional Connectivity is Associated with Improved Smoking Cessation Outcomes | |
| Chao Wang1, Peiyu Huang1, Zhujing Shen1, and Minming Zhang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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Most smoking cessation attempts result in failure. The striatum is critical area of reward processing, and have been repeatedly linked to nicotine addiction. Neuroimaging studies have shown that chronic smokers had altered resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of striatum. Here, we further investigated the different rsFC changes of striatum subsets between smokers who relapsed and those who not relapsed after smoking cessation treatment. We found that smokers who relapsed had decreased rsFC of striatum subsets, while those who not relapse had increased rsFC of striatum subsets. These novel findings suggest that increased connectivity of striatum subsets could imporve likelihood of cessation. |
| 3977 | Functional Connectivity in Glioma patients using Resting State fMRI: Effect on Default Mode, Fronto-Parietal and Dorsal Attention Networks | |
| Mickael Tordjman1, Pradeep Kumar Gupta1, Guillaume Madelin1, Timothy Shepherd1, Mariana Lazar1, and Rajan Jain1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Exploration of functional connectivity in patients with brain tumors with Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) is expanding, but methodology used and results in previous studies are heterogenous. We explored the disruption of the functional connectivity of the Default Mode, Dorsal Attention and Fronto-Parietal Networks in 35 glioma patients, with a standardized method, using both Seed-Based Connectivity Analysis and Independent Component Analysis. The Default Mode was the most affected network, with global increased connectivity contrasting with a decreased connectivity in the corpus callosum. No difference in connectivity was found between IDH mutant or wildtype tumors. |
| 3978 | Decreases in functional connectivity of white matter in a resting state and during a working memory task in schizophrenia | |
| Yurui Gao1,2, Muwei Li1,3, Anna S Huang4, Adam W Anderson1,2,3, Zhaohua Ding1,5, Stephan H Heckers3,4, Neil D Woodward4, and John C Gore1,2,3 | ||
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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White matter (WM) pathological changes play a role in disturbing neural connectivity of schizophrenic subjects. We extended our previous analyses of WM-GM connectivity to quantify WM functional differences during a resting state and a working memory task between schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. Significant deficits of functional connectivity were found in several WM tracts in schizophrenic patients relative to healthy controls. These findings add further evidence of the presence of WM changes in schizophrenia subjects compared to controls and further illustrate the potential relevance of functional signals arising from WM in a task and at rest. |
| 3979 | Changes of functional brain topology in cognitively impaired professional fighters | |
| Xiaowei Zhuang1, Zhengshi Yang1, Virendra Mishra1, Karthik Sreenivasan1, Sarah J Banks2, Bernick Charles1, and Dietmar Cordes1,3 | ||
1Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 3University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States |
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In this study, we utilized graph-theory to investigate functional brain topological alternations in cognitively impaired active professional fighters, as compared to cognitive non-impaired fighters. We observed reduced global and local efficiency across multiple sparsity levels, suggesting that both functional integration and segregation were affected in cognitively impaired fighters. A different functional topological organization was further observed in impaired fighters, shown by increased number of rich clubs and reduced rich-club edge strength and density. Rich club edge strength and density were further significantly correlated with fighters’ psychomotor speed. |
| 3980 | The mechanisms of cognitive impairment in patients with pontine infarction：a resting-state fMRI study. | |
| Yingying Wang1, Caihong Wang1, Peifang Miao1, Ying Wei1, Luobing Wu1, Kaiyu Wang2, and Jingliang Cheng1 | ||
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare MR Research, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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In order to explore the mechanisms of cognitive impairment in patients with pontine infarction, we recruited 45 patients with chronic pontine stroke and 48 normal controls. The independent component analysis (ICA) and seed-based analysis were combined to explore altered patterns of functional connections in patients based on resting-state fMRI. The different FCs in the stroke patients and the healthy controls, as well as the positive correlation between the FC within the cerebellar network and cognitive function scores, indicate that the disconnection of the cerebellar network may be related to the cognitive impairment in patients with pons stroke. |
| 3981 | Schizophrenia patients exhibit altered network dynamics | |
| Zhenhai Zhang1, Kaiming Li2, and Xiaoping Hu2 | ||
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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The work aims to investigate the nonlinear dynamics in CEN/DMN networks. To this end, we applied phase-space embedding and multivariate autoregressive modeling of the phase-space trajectory. Furthermore, the AR coefficients were analyzed with a linear discriminant analysis to identify principle features that distinguish between patients and controls. The method was able to reveal differences in nonlinear dynamics in CEN and DMN networks respectively and jointly. |
| 3982 | Dynamic Changes of the Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network across the Spectrum of Alzheimer’s Disease | |
| Hyae Won K Redden1, Daniel Zhu2, Thomas J Grabowski3, and Hesamoddin Jahanian3 | ||
1Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Computer Science, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Default Mode Network functional connectivity (DMN FC) has been proposed as a non-invasive biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). However, the dynamic relationships within the DMN over the course of the disease have not been established. We explored the dynamic FC between the DMN nodes in healthy control, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD subjects using a sliding window analysis of ultrafast resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data. Group comparisons revealed significant trends in the dynamic measures of functional connectivity within the DMN across the spectrum of AD, suggesting compensatory systems at work within the DMN as AD progresses. |
| 3983 | Study on brain function changes in patients with neurological depression based on resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI) | |
| Hongwei Zhou1, Dezheng Kong1, Tianjing Zhang2, and Yanling Wu2 | ||
1Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China, 2Philips healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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The global incidence of depression is gradually increasing nowadays. However, the exact pathogenesis mechanism is not very clear. Traditional diagnosis approaches to depression usually rely on clinical scales, which is sometimes even subjective. It is essential to make up objective and repetitive methods to diagnose the depression. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) offers a noninvasive technique for detecting and measuring subtle functional brain activities of specific regions. This study aims to explore the change of brain function area in patients with depression and assess the role of these altered brain regions in the pathogenesis. |
| 3984 | The effect of meditation on brain functional connectivity using dynamic ASL | |
| Zongpai Zhang1, Steffi Chettiar1, Swanand A Wagh1, Wenna Duan1, George Weinschenk1, Wen-Ming Luh2, and Weiying Dai1 | ||
1Computer Science, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY, United States, 2National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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We applied dynamic arterial spin labeling (ASL) in detecting the changes of brain functional connectivity (FC) in ten college students after 2-months of meditation practice. FC maps before and after meditation practice were compared, and the changes of FC were correlated to practice time. We observed that the increased practice time was associated with increased FC between long-distance nodes within default mode network (DMN) and within dorsal attention network (DAN), between DMN and salience network (SN), with decreased FC between short-distance nodes within DMN and DAN. The findings support efficient global communication even after a short-term meditation for two months. |
| 3985 | Altered cerebro-cerebellar effective connectivity in new-onset juvenile myoclonic epilepsy | |
| Guangyao Liu1, Hong Liu1, Jing Zhang1, and Laiyan Ma1 | ||
1Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China |
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Resting-state fMRI studies have indicated that juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) could cause widely functional connectivity disruptions between cerebrum and cerebellum. However, the directed influences or effective connectivities (ECs) bewteen these brain regions are poorly understood. In the current study, we aim to evaluate the ECs between cerebrum and cerebellum in new-onset patients with JME. |
| 3986 | Functional brain networks in schizophrenia: chain-like organization goes wild | |
| Tommaso Gili1, Rossana Mastrandrea1, Fabrizio Piras2, Andrea Gabrielli3, Guido Caldarelli1, and Gianfranco Spalletta2 | ||
1IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy, 2IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Roma, Italy, 3Università degli Studi Roma III, Roma, Italy |
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Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric condition, and is hypothesized to result from abnormal anatomical neural connectivity and a consequent decoupling of the brain’s integrative thought processes. Here we analysed and compared resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from forty-four schizophrenia patients (SZ) and forty healthy subjects (HS). Complex network analysis of brain functional connectivity revealed that SZ networks are characterized by more stable configurations with a lower level of flexibility of functional plasticity than HS networks, which may depend on an abnormal synaptic connectivity due to a dysfunctional cortical pruning. |
| 3987 | Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Auricular Electro-acupuncture Therapy on Treatment-Resistant Depression | |
| KE XU1, JILIANG FANG1, and XIAOJIAO LI1 | ||
1CHINA ACADEMY OF CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES, BEIJING, China |
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The aim of this study was to provide scientific basis for the therapeutic mechanism of auricular electro-acupuncture in treatment resistant depression patients. We evaluated the resting state functional connectivity before and after 8 week .Results showed that functional connectivity increased in the lingual gyrus and precuneus ,which is related to default mode network (DMN), might playing a potential part for the significant improvement of clinical symptoms in TRD patients. |
| 3988 | Seed-based resting state fMRI data analysis pipeline by using unsupervised machine learning | |
| Mingyi Li1, Katherine Koenig1, Jian Lin1, and Mark Lowe1 | ||
1Diagnostic Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We have developed an automatic pipeline to generate seed clusters and corresponding maps for rs-fMRI data analysis by using unsupervised machine learning method. It only needs manual participation in the end to review the candidate seed cluster locations and connectivity maps to make decision. In contrast to common anatomical seed scheme which usually consists of a small neighborhood surrounding a single voxel, seeds in our pipeline were determined functionally within large pre-defined ROI which can be derived by using automatic brain segmentation tools like FreeSurfer. The pipeline was tested successfully on rs-fMRI studies with accompanied task-based fMRI involving motor cortex. |
| 3989 | Behavioral performance prediction in aging with advanced resting-state imaging acquisitions | |
| Scott James Peltier1,2, Michelle Karker2, Bruno Giordani3, Henry Paulson3, and Benjamin M Hampstead4,5 | ||
1Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 4Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 5Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Multi-band resting state data using two different protocols was collected in older subjects. Connectome-based predictive modeling yielded significant fits for measures of learning, memory, and language; with higher spatiotemporal sampling being more sensitive. |
| 3990 | Functional connectivity between major resting state networks in Parkinson’s disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment | |
| Karthik R Sreenivasan1, Xiaowei Zhuang1, Zhengshi Yang1, Zoltan Mari1, Jessica Caldwell1, Aaron Ritter1, Dietmar Cordes1, and Virendra Mishra1 | ||
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States |
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The underlying cause of cognitive deficits in Parkinson’s disease patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) is not well understood and there are no biomarkers to diagnose PD-MCI in early stages. The aim of the current study is to quantify the connectivity between the major resting state networks (RSNs) in PD–MCI using independent component analysis (ICA) and graph theory. Our results showed altered connectivity and reduced efficiency of the visual network which is implicated in several stages of PD and also showed that dysfunction exists in between large scale RSN connectivity which is correlated with behavioral scores. |
| 3991 | Different States of Dynamic Changes in Brain Functional Network Connectivity in Patients with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder | |
| Hailong Li1, Xinyu Hu1, Xuan Bu1, Yingxue Gao1, Lianqing Zhang1, Lu Lu1, Shi Tang1, Yanlin Wang1, Yanchun Yang2, Qiyong Gong1, and Xiaoqi Huang1 | ||
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Functional and molecular imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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This study explored the temporal variability of functional connectivity among the brain networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients. First, dynamic analysis suggested four distinct connectivity states. Relative to controls, OCD patients showed more frequent and larger-scale within and between-network connectivity changes at state II, whereas less frequent and smaller-scale between-network connectivity alterations appeared at state I and IV. Second, this study suggested a new network dysconnectivity model between SMN, DMN, cerebellum and visual network for OCD patients. These findings demonstrated the dynamic changes of brain network connectivity patterns in OCD, providing a new insight into OCD-related brain functional network alterations. |
| 3992 | Simulation of postsurgical functional connectome from presurgical resting-state fMRI: optimization and validation | |
| Henry Szu-Meng Chen1, Vinodh Kumar2, Sujit S Prabhu3, Kyle R Noll4, Sherise D Ferguson3, Ganesh Rao3, Ping Hou1, Jason M Johnson2, and Ho-Ling Anthony Liu1 | ||
1Imaging Physics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Neuroradiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Neurosurgery, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Neuropsychology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Post glioma-resection functional connectomic measures were simulated by modifying the presurgical resting-state fMRI data using the resection margin in 13 patients. The simulation uses atlas based approaches that removes the signal contribution in the resected area based on the portion of parcel removed. The simulated connectomic measures were found to approximate the actual postsurgical connectomic measures. BN246 atlas appears to be more stable in predicting the changes in connectomic measures than AAL90 atlas. The results show that derivation of postsurgical functional connectomic measures from presurgical data is feasible. |
| 3993 | Functional connectivity during spontaneous migraine attacks compared to pain-free periods: a resting-state fMRI study | |
| Raquel Pestana Araújo1, Patrícia Figueiredo1, Joana Pinto1, Pedro Vilela2, Isabel Pavão Martins3, and Raquel Gil-Gouveia2 | ||
1ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, 2Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal, 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal |
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Migraine is a severe neurological brain condition of cyclical nature, with intermittent attacks alternating with attack-free periods. In this work, we studied a group of patients with episodic migraine without aura during a spontaneous migraine attack and during a pain-free period, using BOLD resting-state fMRI. Results showed decreases in functional connectivity (FC) within a sensorimotor-insular cortex network and a left frontoparietal/executive control network. These FC changes were correlated with the attack duration and the pain intensity of the ongoing attack, respectively. |
| 3994 | An ICA-based approach to study altered resting state functional networks in brain tumors | |
| Manuela Moretto1,2, Erica Silvestri1,2, Marco Castellaro1,2, Mariagiulia Anglani3, Silvia Facchini1,4, Elena Monai1,4, Domenico D'Avella1,4, Alessandro Della Puppa5, Diego Cecchin1,6, Maurizio Corbetta1,4,7, and Alessandra Bertoldo1,2 | ||
1Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 2Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 3Neuroradiology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 4Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology, and Child Health, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy, 6Department of Medicine, Unit of Nuclear Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy, 7Department of Neurology, Radiology, Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States |
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Brain tumors can alter not only functions located in the perilesional area, but also the distal ones. Thus, the possibility to inform preoperatively surgeons about the state of preservation/alteration of a network could be a powerful aid for a better patient outcome. In this work we used independent component analysis (ICA) to map resting state networks (RSNs) at the single-subject level characterizing their alterations in terms of cosine similarity spatial patterns. Comparing the patient-specific spatial maps with those obtained for a group of healthy controls, we defined the presence of an alteration for each of the 44 analyzed RSNs. |
| 3995 | Investigating Mechanisms Underlying Autism Spectrum Disorders with Resting State fMRI Signal Complexity Metrics | |
| Kaundinya Gopinath1, Elissar Andari1, and Larry Young1 | ||
1Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social cognition, and oxytocin (OXT) system dysregulation. In this study, we employed resting state fMRI to examine brain function impairments in adult ASD, and the effects of OXT treatment. ASD patients exhibited increased fMRI signal complexity in social cognition and reward networks compared to healthy controls: indicating increased synaptic noise as a putative mechanism underlying ASD. Intranasal administration of OXT decreased synaptic noise in these regions, while increasing excitability of prefrontal cortex (PFC); thus indicating increased inhibitory control mediated through PFC as the mechanism underlying OXT induced brain rehabilitation in ASD. |
| 3996 | Resting state fMRI signal complexity metrics indicate cerebellar cholinergic system damage in Gulf War Illness | |
| Kaundinya Gopinath1, Bruce Crosson1, Unal Sakoglu2, and Robert Haley3 | ||
1Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2University of Houston Clear-Lake, Houston, TX, United States, 3UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Around 200,000 veterans of the 1991 Gulf War (GW) suffer from GW illness (GWI), which is characterized by deficits in cognitive, emotion, perception and nociception domains. Previous studies have associated GWI with exposure to neurotoxic chemicals which impair the cholinergic system. Recently, an fMRI time-series signal complexity metric, multi-scale entropy (MSE) has been proposed as a potential biomarker of abnormal neural activity in brain disorders. In this study, we examined 23 GWI patients and 30 age-matched controls with resting state fMRI. GWI veterans exhibited abnormally increased MSE all across cerebellum, implicating cholinergic damage of cerebellum as a mechanism underlying GWI. |
| 3997 | Surface-Based Morphometry of Brain in Benign Childhood Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes | |
| Zhengzhen Li1, Lisha Nie2, Xiaoxi Chen1, Heng Liu1, and Tijiang Zhang1 | ||
1Medical Imaging, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China, 2GE Healthcare,MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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This study investigated the cortical morphological changes of drug-naïve Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) using three-dimensional T1- weighted images(3D-T1WI) and explored the possible influence of cortical morphological changes on cognition.The results revealed aberrant morphology in thickness, gyrification and fractal dimension, in addition to Rolandic region. Cortical gyrification of right parahippocampal gyrus in BECTS may indirectly reflect the degree of language transmission damage or the result of contralateral compensation. |
| 3998 | Functional Anatomy of Human Brainstem using resting state fMRI | |
| Vinod Jangir Kumar1, Christian F. Beckmann2, Klaus Scheffler1, and Wolfgang Grodd3 | ||
1Department for High-field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 3Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany |
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The brainstem engages in various brain functions. However, we still lack a detailed understanding of its underlying functional organization. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed 222300 fMRI scans of 62 subjects acquired at the HCP-7 Tesla project. We applied the instantaneous parcellation analysis (ICP) method and determined a reliable, reproducible, and stable functional anatomy of the brainstem. The results reveal that stable multi-scale functional anatomy exists in the brainstem. The spatial rich functional anatomy enables neuroscientists to better characterize brainstem organization and understand its function and role in various brain disorders. |
| 3999 | Resting-state Functional MRI Investigation of Whiplash Associated Disorder | |
| James Higgins1, James Elliott2, and Todd Parrish1 | ||
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2The University of Syndney, Sydney, Australia |
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Many individuals who suffer an initial whiplash injury develop a chronic condition known as whiplash associated disorder (WAD). In this study, 23 participants with WAD underwent resting-state fMRI along with a fat-water scan of the cervical region to assess muscle fat infiltration (MFI), which has been demonstrated as a marker of disorder severity. Brain network modularity was calculated from the RS-fMRI data and associations between modularity and clinical measures were investigated. An association was discovered between modularity and MFI which appeared to be independent of demographic variables as well as scan motion. |
| 4000 | Mapping chemotherapy-induced brain functional network abnormality in breast cancer survivors | |
| Kai-Yi Lin1, Vincent Chin-Hung Chen 2,3, Yuan-Hsiung Tsai 4, and Jun-Cheng Weng1,2,5 | ||
1Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 2Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, 3School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, 5Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
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Chemo-brain is common among breast cancer survivors. However, some studies suggested cognitive function deficits may exist before chemotherapy initiation. Our study discovered the functional network alterations in women pre- (C-) and post-chemotherapy (C+) compared with health controls using resting-state functional MRI. The mfALFF showed changes in the prefrontal cortex, bilateral middle, right inferior temporal gyrus, right angular gyrus, left insula, and left caudate among three groups. Graph theoretical analysis demonstrated that the C+ group became inclined toward regular networks and the C- group became inclined toward random networks. |
| 4001 | Altered brain language network in idiopathic peripheral facial paralysis patients with dysarthria | |
| Wenwen Gao1, Xiaowei Han1, Haimei Li2, Yijiang Zhu3, Lei Du1, Li zhi Xie4, and Guolin Ma1 | ||
1China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China, 4GE healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Dysarthria is a common symptom of facial paralysis (FP). The aim of this study was to investigate the functional alterations of the brain language network in FP patients with dysarthria using resting-state fMRI. We found that the functional connectivity between bilateral language regions was significantly decreased in these patients compared with healthy controls. The decrease of functional connectivity in the language network was positively correlated with the severity of oral paralysis in patients. To sum up, these data suggest that dysarthria caused by facial nerve paralysis may lead to a decrease of neural activity in the brain language network. |
| 4002 | The Neural Basis for Olfactory Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease | |
| Peter James Castagna1, Rommy Elyan2, Paul Eslinger3, Qing Yang2, and Prasanna Karunanayaka2 | ||
1Psychiatry, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Neurology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States |
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Deficits in odor-memory and odor-identification are among the first clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI); however, the neural basis of this observation remains unclear. In this study, we combined independent Component Analysis and olfactory functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the relationships between the olfactory network (ON) and the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Our study's results suggest that the functional connectivity between the MTL and ON may be aberrant in MCI and AD patients. |
| 4003 | Estimating the complexity of fMRI-based brain networks | |
| Roberto Sotero Sotero1, Lazaro Sanchez-Rodriguez1, and Narges Moradi1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Current measures of network complexity fail to capture the structural and functional diversity of brain networks. Here we use random walks processes to obtain a time series reflecting the complex structure of functional brain networks and use this time series to construct measures of local and global complexity. We found that complexity is significantly correlated to the strength of the connections in the network. For the positively correlated network this correlation is significantly weaker at the local scale compared to the global scale, whereas for the anticorrelation network the link is stronger at the local scale. |
| 4004 | confounder: A BIDS/fMRIPrep app for efficiently assessing task-based GLM model fit with and without experimental confounds | |
| Suzanne T Witt1, Kathryne Van Hedger1, Olivia Walton Stanley2, Ali Khan2, and Jörn Diedrichsen2 | ||
1BrainsCAN, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 2University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Denoising task-based fMRI data is important for increasing SNR and has implications for data interpretation. There is not currently a method or tool available for directly comparing the relative impact of including experimental confounds in a first-level GLM. Here we present a new BIDS/fMRIPrep app, confounder, that allows users to efficiently assess model fit for first-level, task-based GLM models with and without experimental confounds. The app provides users with model-fit information such as regional R2, as well as additional information regarding data quality, such as the correlation between experimental confounds and predicted BOLD signal. |
| 4005 | Fully automated fBIRN-like stability assessment: follow-up and case report at 7T | |
| Franck Mauconduit1, Evelyn Eger2, Chantal Ginisty3, Valérie Berland3, Yann Lecomte3, Lionel Allirol3, Lucie Hertz-Pannier3, and Alexandre Vignaud1 | ||
1NeuroSpin (UNIRS) & Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2NeuroSpin (UNICOG) & Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 3NeuroSpin (UNIACT) & Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging relies on weak blood oxygen level dependent signal variations. Therefore, it is extremely sensitive to MR scanner instabilities. A regular assessment of the device was shown to help preserving a good quality of fMRI data. It is also a powerful tool to compare systems. Here, we integrated a Quality Assessment based on fBIRN recommendations that can be automatically launched and reconstructed online to be able to immediately monitor system performances. We report cases where abnormal situations leading to suboptimal fMRI data were revealed which would have been missed if only relying on the manufacturer’s test service. |
| 4006 | Physiologic noise correction for phase shifted cardiac fluctuation with the quality assurance of measured and estimated physiologic noise. | |
| Wanyong Shin1 and Mark J. Lowe1 | ||
1Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We have previously developed and publicly shared the physiologic noise estimation and removal software package, PESTICA (www.nitrc.org/projects/pestica). We present a new version of the PESTICA/RETROICOR software package, correcting cardiac phase shift and generating the goodness of fit with modeled physiologic noise and quality assurance of external physiologic signals based AFNI and Matlab. This study describes the updates, validation and demonstrate its usage. |
| 4007 | Correcting respiratory-related noise in brainstem fMRI using regressors derived from phase data | |
| David Bancelin1, Pedro Lima Cardoso1, Beata Bachrata1,2, Andreas Ehrmann1, Siegfried Trattnig1,2, and Simon D. Robinson1,3,4 | ||
1High-Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria, 3Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 4Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia |
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Respiratory and cardiac data are generally used to properly account for the presence of physiological noise in fMRI data. Pneumatic belts can be unreliable, but we show that EPI phase data can be used to generate a reliable respiratory time series from which regressors are used in a GLM procedure to correct magnitude data. The efficacy of our method is compared with respect to (i) uncorrected magnitude data and (ii) magnitude data corrected using respiratory belt-derived regressors. |
| 4008 | Optimum window-size in sliding-window dynamic functional connectivity analysis | |
| Xiaowei Zhuang1, Zhengshi Yang1, Virendra Mishra1, Karthik Sreenivasan1, Bernick Charles1, and Dietmar Cordes1,2 | ||
1Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States |
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In this abstract, we proposed an optimum window-size in a sliding-window approach for dynamic functional connectivity analysis. The proposed window-size was derived from the instantaneous period and energy of each intrinsic mode functions (IMF) obtained from empirical mode decomposition. IMFs track local periodic changes of non-stationary time series and therefore can capture subtle temporal variations. Using dynamic functional connectivity matrix computed with the proposed window-size as features, a higher accuracy was obtained in classifying cognitively impaired fighters from cognitively normal ones; and a larger behavioral variance was found in HCP data. |
| 4009 | Optimizing aCompCor denoising in task fMRI: using WM as noise source area | |
| Peter Van Schuerbeek1 | ||
1Radiology, UZ Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium |
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Since neural BOLD responses were found in the white matter (WM), we hypothesized that using CSF and non-brain areas (NBA) as noise source areas, rather than WM and CSF, to denoise fMRI data with aCompCor, will positively affect the results of task fMRI studies. This hypothesis was tested by comparing the results of processing 2 task fMRI datasets once denoised with WM and CSF and once with CSF and NBA as noise source areas. Our results showed that denoising with aCompCor using CSF and NBA leads to higher effect sizes and a better overlap between individual activation maps. |
| 4010 | Performance of Temporal and Spatial ICA in Identifying and Removing Physiological Artifacts in resting-state fMRI | |
| Ali Golestani1 and J Jean Chen2,3 | ||
1University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Rotman Research Institute at Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Department of Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Independent component analysis (ICA) has been used to identify and remove confounding factors in fMRI data. While spatial ICA (sICA) is more typical for fMRI, temporal ICA (tICA) can better distinguish between temporally independent but spatially overlapping components compared to sICA. We investigate if tICA and sICA perform differently in identifying different physiological components of the resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signal. Our results show that noise sources with widespread effects across brain (e.g. PETCO2, FD, DVARS) are better identified by tICA. However, sICA performed significantly better than tICA in removing the effects of affine head motion parameters. |
| 4011 | Comparison of Phase Synchrony Analysis and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient in Resting State fMRI of Rat Brain | |
| Yi-Cheng Wang1, Chia-Yu Huang1, Wen-Yen Chai2, Mey-Yu Yeh1, Hao-Li Liu2, and Fu-Nien Wang1 | ||
1National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
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Phase synchrony has been considered as an alternative method to measure connectivity in resting state functional MRI. Our results showed that the data with the correlation coefficient are monotonically increasing, but only when the correlation coefficient is larger than 0.4, phase synchrony and correlation coefficient showed linear dependence. The mappings of default mode network based on two analysis methods are similar in rat brains. However, care should be taken when interpreting data with lower phase synchrony (<0.4), since the phase synchrony of noise is also distributed in the range. |
| 4012 | Amplitude modulation of cardiovascular brain pulsations | |
| Lauri Raitamaa1, Vesa Korhonen1, Niko Huotari1, and Vesa Kiviniemi1 | ||
1Research Unit of Medical Imaging Physics and Technology (MIPT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland |
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Ultra-fast 10 Hz whole brain fMRI with magnetic resonance encephalography (MREG) enables separation of cardiovascular waves from brain pulsation without temporal aliasing. This enables analysis of spectral characteristics of respiration and cardiovascular pulsations by extending ALFF and fALFF methods to cardiovascular and respiration frequencies . Modulation of the cardiovascular pulsation has been detected in ECG and SpO2 and in this study show the modulation of the cardiovascular brain pulsation in 3D brain in healthy controls and how age and blood pressure affects the modulation. |
| 4013 | Classification of fMRI Study Participants Using Space-Filling-Curve Orderings of fMRI Brain Activation Maps | |
| Unal Sakoglu1 and Lohit Ravi Teja Bhupati1 | ||
1Computer Engineering, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX, United States |
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In this work, we develop a 3-D to 1-D ordering methodology for fMRI data, using a space filling curve, which is adaptive to brain's shape. We apply this ordering to fMRI activation maps from a schizophrenia study, compress the data, obtain features, and perform classification of schizophrenia vs normal controls. We compare the classification results with those of linear ordering, which has been the traditional method to convert the 3D fMRI data to 1D. |
| 4014 | Brain-to-brain communication during eye contact: A data-driven approach based on the dfMRI | |
| Ray Lee1, Nim Tottenham2, and Paul Sajda3 | ||
1Zuckerman Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 2Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 3Biomedical engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States |
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A comprehensive picture of brain-to-brain interaction during eye contact is presented at the brain network level. It consists of five dyadic brain networks (two exogenous, two endogenous, and one exogenous-to-endogenous network), which are derived from a novel data-driven approach based on the dyadic fMRI data. Our experimental results not only explicitly map out the intricate relations between imitation, empathy, mentalization, and face cognization network during eye contact, but also provide a quantitative measure on the information transmission between dyads. Thus, it effectively established the foundation for quantifying human social communication with dyadic fMRI. |
| 4015 | Event-related decoding of visual stimulus information using short-TR BOLD fMRI at 7T | |
| Yoichi Miyawaki1,2,3, Daniel A Handwerker3, Javier Gonzalez-Castillo3, Laurentius Huber3,4, Arman Khojandi3, Yuhui Chai3, and Peter A Bandettini3 | ||
1The University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo, Japan, 2JST PRESTO, Tokyo, Japan, 3National Institutes of Mental Health, BETHESDA, MD, United States, 4University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Spatio-temporal dynamics of neural activity plays a pivotal role in forming our perception. Ultra-high field fMRI allows us to visualize fine spatial patterns of neural activity but little is known about its dynamics because it is typically believed to lack sufficient temporal resolution - due either to scanner or hemodynamic limitations. Here we demonstrate that event-related fMRI and multivariate pattern analyses allows us to decode visual information faster than the hemodynamic response, suggesting possibility to analyze neural information representation at high temporal resolution. |
| 4016 | Voxel-wise Characterization of Hemodynamic Response Function in Brain White Matter Using Resting-State fMRI | |
| Ting Wang1,2, D. Mitchell Wilkes3, Muwei Li2,4, Xi Wu1, John C. Gore2,4,5, and Zhaohua Ding2,3,5 | ||
1Department of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China, 2Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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This study investigated the hemodynamic response function (HRF) of BOLD effects in white matter (WM) voxels obtained from fMRI in a resting-state. It was found that the WM HRF can be derived by reference to GM avalanche activities. The derived resting-state WM HRFs have low magnitudes, delayed onsets, and prolonged initial dips compared with GM HRF. The time delay distribution patterns and correlation coefficient profiles for WM voxels depend on the selection of the reference GM region. These findings suggest that fMRI signals in WM are associated with those in GM and encode neural activities. |
| 4017 | BOLD signal simulation and fMRI quality control base on an active phantom: a preliminary study | |
| Tiao Chen1, Jianfeng Qiu2, Yue Zhao3, Chuntao Jia3, and Zilong Yuan4 | ||
1Medical Engineering and Technology Research Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China, 2Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China, 3Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China, 4Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China |
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The purpose of this study was to design and manufacture an active BOLD simulation phantom, thus testing the stability and repeatability of the phantom. Three scanners were used to test the stability and repeatability of the BOLD signal detection of the phantom. It was found that the phantom had good stability and repeatability. The phantom can stably quantify the BOLD signal for fMRI quality control in different scanners. Consequently, the phantom can stably quantify the BOLD signal for fMRI quality control in different scanners. |