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| 2673
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A custom MR-compatible data glove for fMRI of the human motor cortex at 7T | |
| Shota Hodono1,2, Donald Maillet1, Jin Jin2,3, David Reutens1,2, and Martijn A. Cloos1,2 | ||
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Australia |
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We present a custom-built MR-compatible data glove to capture hand motion during concurrent fMRI experiments at 7 |
| 2674 | Creating a robust BOLD fMRI phantom using microspheres: How well do microspheres approximate microvasculature? | |
| Jacob Chausse1, Avery J. L. Berman2, Jonathan R. Polimeni2, and J. Jean Chen1,3 | ||
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada, 2A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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BOLD phantoms are important for the evaluation of fMRI acquisition techniques, but validating numerical simulations based on conventional random-cylinder models of the microvasculature is difficult because available phantoms lack the microstructure required to emulate these geometries. In comparison, a phantom using randomly positioned microspheres is a more feasible alternative, but it is still unclear how well microspheres approximate cylinders in their transverse relaxation behaviour. In this work, we use 3D Monte Carlo simulations to compare the behaviour of the two perturber types at 3 T. |
| 2675 | Recommendations of choice of head coil and prescan normalize filter depend on region of interest and task | |
| Tina Schmitt1 and Jochem Rieger1,2,3,4 | ||
1Neuroimaging Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany, 2Neuroimaging Unit, Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Oldenburg, Germany, 3Applied Neurocognitive Psychology, Department of Psychology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany, 4Cluster of Excellence “Hearing4all”, Carl-von-Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany |
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The performance of the 20- and the 64-channel head coil and the influence of the prescan normalize filter was evaluated in a standard fMRI setting using a 3T Siemens Prisma MRI. Larger beta estimates and tSNR occurred in auditory cortex and thalamus with prescan normalize, in contrast to the visual and motor cortex with larger beta estimates and tSNR without prescan normalize. In line with the results of the MRIQC tool, the 20-channel head coil with prescan normalize is better suitable for functional measurements, especially in deeper brain areas. The 64-channel head coil is the best choice for anatomical scans. |
| 2676 | The vessel size specificity and sensitivity of rapid CPMG sequences in functional BOLD imaging | |
| Klaus Scheffler1,2, Joern Engelmann1, and Rahel Heule1,2 | ||
1Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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For reduced refocusing flip angles, the peak of the vessel size sensitivity curve is shifting towards larger radii with increasing echo time. The BOLD sensitivity is largely independent of the refocusing flip angle down to about 40°. CPMG or GRASE can be used with low refocusing flip angles without significant loss of sensitivity to BOLD and without the need for centric reordering. Signals acquired before or after the spin echo time point show contributions from larger vessels similar to gradient echo sequences. This effect is reduced for longer echo times. |
| 2677 | Coherence-resolved Looping Star – improvements for silent multi-gradient echo structural and functional neuroimaging | |
| Nikou Louise Damestani1, David John Lythgoe1, Ana Beatriz Solana2, Brice Fernandez3, Steven Charles Rees Williams1, Fernando Zelaya1, and Florian Wiesinger2 | ||
1Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2ASL Europe, GE Healthcare, München, Germany, 3ASL Europe, GE Healthcare, Paris, France |
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We have previously reported acoustically silent functional MRI using a novel pulse sequence known as Looping Star, which has been successfully implemented across distinct paradigms in spite of limitations to image quality and signal-to-noise. Here, we present a recent important improvement of Looping Star and demonstrate its robust performance for both functional imaging (in terms of visual BOLD fMRI) and structural imaging (in terms of T2*-weighted and quantitative susceptibility mapping). |
| 2678 | Simultaneous Multi-Segment (SMSeg) EPI for Functional MRI | |
| Kaibao Sun1, Zheng Zhong1,2, Muge Karaman1,2, Qingfei Luo1, and Xiaohong Joe Zhou1,2,3 | ||
1Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Reduced field-of-view (rFOV) imaging offers several advantages, including decreased image distortion and high spatial resolution. We describe a simultaneous multi-segment (SMSeg) imaging method to extend the benefits of rFOV to multi-segment imaging in multiple focal regions. SMSeg was implemented using a 2D RF pulse whose multiple spatial response replicates excited different focal regions of interest, followed by GRAPPA reconstruction utilizing the coil spatial sensitivity variations in two orthogonal spatial directions. We have applied the SMSeg imaging technique to brain fMRI to visualize activations in multiple areas with minimal image distortion. |
| 2679 | Ultra-fast arterial spin labeling with narrow-band velocity-selective (nb-VS) labeling | |
| Jia Guo1 | ||
1Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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We proposed a novel strategy to improve the temporal resolution and/or SNR efficiency of perfusion imaging using velocity-selective (VS) labeling, by purposely labeling spins within a narrow velocity band. This strategy allows faster recovery/refreshment of the magnetization of arterial spins for improved SNR efficiency and temporal resolution. A few implementation methods of such labeling strategy were explored, using modified Fourier-transform based VS inversion pulses. The SNR efficiency and achievable temporal resolution were examined by ASL signal modeling, demonstrating a good promise for ultra-fast perfusion imaging with high SNR efficiency. |
| 2680 | Improved resting-state fMRI with through-plane phase precompensated spectral-spatial pulses | |
| Christopher Sica1, Hairong Chen2, Guangwei Du2, Sangam Kanekar1, Jianli Wang1, Qing X Yang3, and Prasanna Karunanayaka1 | ||
1Radiology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Neurology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States |
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fMRI scans with long echo times are vulnerable to signal loss due to through-plane dephasing caused by susceptibility field gradients (SFG), particularly near the air-tissue interface of the sinus regions. Resting state fMRI techniques that sample networks with connectivity through these artifact-plagued regions could be compromised. Several approaches have been proposed for susceptibility compensation, with one promising approach based upon the use of phase-precompensated spectral-spatial RF pulses. These RF pulses pre-phase the magnetization to cancel out the dephasing caused by SFG’s. Here, we evaluated the ability of spectral-spatial pulses to improve detection of resting state fMRI activity. |
| 2681 | Functional imaging of the anterior temporal lobe: effects of acceleration, multi-echo acquisition, and reconstruction methods | |
| Matteo Visconti di Oleggio Castello1, Valentina Borghesani2, Katherine P. Rankin3, Jack L. Gallant1, and An T. Vu3,4 | ||
1University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, 3University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4San Francisco Veteran Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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The anterior temporal lobe (ATL) is an important brain structure that is hard to functionally image with EPI sequences due to signal dropout and low SNR. To address this problem, we developed a whole-brain EPI sequence with increased SNR in the ATL. We evaluated single- and multi-echo sequences while varying in-plane and multiband acceleration with different reconstruction methods. Sequence evaluation was based on tSNR and functional metrics from computational neuroscience (explainable variance and encoding model performance). The highest functional SNR in ATL and across the cortex was provided by multi-echo sequences with moderate iPAT and MB acceleration, and LeakBlock reconstruction. |
| 2682 | Development of an optimized approach to spinal cord fMRI based on the combination of an ad hoc acquisition method and data analysis pipeline | |
| Michela Fratini1, Marta Moraschi2, Laura Maugeri1, Silvia Tommasin3, Mauro DiNuzzo2, Julien Cohen-Adad4, Fabio Mangini5, Daniele Mascali6, and Federico Giove2 | ||
1CNR-Nanotec, rome, Italy, 2Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy, 3Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy, 4Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy, 6Centro Ricerche Enrico Fermi, rome, Italy |
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The spinal cord (SC) is the caudal extension of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and is responsible for several complex functions. Among imaging methods, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) represents the most promising tool for non-invasive investigation of SC functions/dysfunctions. However, the utilization of SC-fMRI is widely under-exploited, either due to challenges in acquiring good quality data, or to the lack of dedicated analysis tools. In this study, we implemented an optimized experimental approach and defined a pipeline for SC-fMRI data analysis. We validate such pipeline and investigate the impact of acquisition direction on noise removal. |
| 2683 | The impact of geometric distortions and their correction on fMRI data analyses | |
| Rodolfo Abreu1, Miguel Castelo-Branco1,2, and João Valente Duarte1,2 | ||
1Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal |
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The impact of geometric distortions on fMRI data analyses has been scarcely investigated, and a direct comparison between fMRI distortion correction approaches has not been performed so far. Here, we found that correcting the distortions from phase-reversed or field map images improved the registration into structural data, the identification of resting-state networks, and the mapping sensitivity of task-related activations, relatively to not correcting the distortions. Accounting for fMRI distortions is recommended, with the use of field map images yielding the best results at the cost of longer scanning times when compared to acquiring a few phase-reversed fMRI volumes. |
| 2684 | A new method for mapping baseline cerebral oxygen metabolism using breath-hold calibrated fMRI | |
| Michael Germuska1, Rachael Stickland2, Hannah Chandler3, and Richard Wise3,4 | ||
1School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Department of Neurosciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy |
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We derive a new expression for the maximum BOLD signal (M) that includes a simple model of oxygen exchange. Using this new expression for M and Monte-Carlo simulations we show that the resting cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) can be estimated from the resting perfusion (CBF) and maximum BOLD signal (M). The proposed method is demonstrated in-vivo using a repeated breath-holding protocol to measure M. This new gas-free method of estimating CMRO2 offers a pragmatic approach for estimate cerebral oxygen consumption that is simple to perform and well tolerated. |
| 2685 | Low-rank and sparse simultaneous blind estimation of global fluctuations and neuronal-related activity from fMRI data. | |
| Eneko Uruñuela1, Stefano Moia1, and César Caballero-Gaudes1 | ||
1Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain |
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We propose a novel deconvolution approach to overcome the detrimental effect of global signal fluctuations on the estimates of neuronal-related activity from fMRI data to blindly map single-trial BOLD events without prior information of their timings. We demonstrate that the low-rank and multivariate SPFM algorithm can estimate global signals related to motion in our task, while estimating neuronal-related activity with high fidelity, and benchmark it against sparsity-promoting deconvolution approaches and conventional GLM analysis. This method allows exploring the brain’s functional dynamics during task, naturalistic and resting state paradigms, being less affected by motion and physiologically related fluctuations. |
| 2686 | Smoothing-matched k-space coverage for enhanced BOLD fMRI | |
| Didi Chi1,2, Rebecca Glarin2, Yasmin Blunck1,2, Catherine E. Davey1,2, and Leigh A. Johnston1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 2Melbourne Brain Centre Imaging Unit, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia |
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Spatial smoothing is commonly applied as a pre-processing step in fMRI activation analysis pipelines. We investigate smoothing-matched k-space coverage for multiband EPI, with a particular focus on how varying the sampling speed in a reduced k-space will affect image SNR and resultant activation maps. A block task finger-tapping experiment demonstrates improved SNR from smoothing-matched k-space coverage, and improvements in activation level and specificity in the activation map. Our results demonstrate that dense sampling around the central echo time in multiband EPI produces superior results. |
| 2687 | Open Source Random Matrix Theory Software for the Analysis of Functional Magnetic-Resonance Imaging Examinations | |
| Derek Berger1, Gurpreet S Matharoo1,2,3, and Jacob Levman1 | ||
1Computer Science, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada, 2Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Clydesdale, NS, Canada, 3ACENET, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada |
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We assess the potential application of RMT-based features for the analysis of functional MRI (fMRI) across diverse datasets. As novel contributions, we (1) assess the potential for RMT-inspired, whole-brain features extracted from voxel-wise functional connectivity, (2) assess these features’ predictive—rather than explanatory—value, (3) investigate the effect of varying RMT analysis methods on the robustness of study findings, and (4) make general-purpose code publicly available for users to extract these features from a wide variety of data. We find preliminary evidence suggesting that RMT-inspired features may have unique potential in analyses of fMRI functional connectivity. |
| 2688 | 1D Convolutional Neural Network for Estimating BOLD Signal from Oscillating Steady State Signal | |
| Mariama Salifu1, Melissa Haskell2, and Douglas C Noll1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Oscillating steady state imaging (OSSI) for fMRI commonly combines images across a fast oscillation to produce a steady time series suitable for fMRI analysis. The signal magnitude derived from L2-norm combination can be sensitive to frequency variations, which can exacerbate physiological noise, particularly respiration. Here, we use a 1D convolutional neural network (1DCNN) to directly estimate the underlying T2* BOLD response from both simulated and real OSSI fMRI signals. We demonstrated that our technique reduces B0 fluctuations and thermal noise as compared to the L2-norm combined OSSI fMRI signal. |
| 2689 | CNN-based autoencoder and machine learning model for identifying betel-quid chewers using functional MRI features | |
| Hsin-An Shen1, Ming-Chou Ho2,3, and Jun-Cheng Weng1,4,5 | ||
1Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, and Bachelor Program in Artificial Intelligence, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 2Department of Psychology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Clinical Psychological Room, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 4Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 5Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan |
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Previous studies indicated that betel-quid chewing may cause brain functional alternations, but it cannot be distinguished with human eyes. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging as input features for machine learning to classify betel-quid chewers, alcohol- and tobacco-user controls, and healthy control.The results showed that logistic regression has a significant performance on identifying betel-quid chewers. The major advantage to this study is providing a 3D-autoencoder model and machine learning algorithm that can be used to discover the brain alternations in betel-quid chewers for clinical use in the future. |
| 2690 | Spectrally Segmented Regression of Physiological Noise and Motion in High-Bandwidth Resting-State fMRI | |
| Khaled Talaat1, Bruno Sa de La Rocque Guimaraes1, and Stefan Posse2,3 | ||
1Nuclear Engineering, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Neurology, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Physics and Astronomy, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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It has been demonstrated in prior works that whole-band linear nuisance regression can result in the introduction of artifactual connectivity in the high frequency regime in resting-state fMRI. In the present work, an alternative approach is proposed to whole-band linear nuisance regression relying on spectral and temporal segmentation of the motion parameters and the physiological noise signals. The new approach is shown to not only avoid the injection of artifactual connectivity, but it also substantially improves the removal of physiological noise and motion effects throughout the whole frequency spectrum when uncertainties are present in the regression vectors. |
| 2691 | Dephasing the speaking brain: Cleaning covert sentence production activation maps with a phase-based fMRI data analysis | |
| Iñigo De Vicente1, Eneko Uruñuela1, Maite Termenon1, and César Caballero-Gaudes1 | ||
1BCBL - Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain |
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Phase-based denoising methods in BOLD fMRI can remove signal contributions from large draining veins. Here, we investigate the performance of this methodology in a covert sentence production task, where part of the activations observed in the inferior frontal gyrus (e.g. Broca’s region) may reflect macrovascular effects from large perisylvian veins. We found significant signal denoising at the left pars orbitalis, a region in Broca’s area which is located next to the Sylvian fissure that thus contains macrovascular veins. Our results demonstrate that this method is efficient to remove undesired signal contributions and improve the spatial specificity of brain activation maps. |
| 2692 | An Efficient FMRI Data Reduction Strategy Using Neighborhood Preserving Embedding Algorithm | |
| Wei Zhao1, Huanjie Li1, Yunge Zhang1, Blaise B. Frederick 2, and Fengyu Cong1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China, 2Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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In neuroscience research, the group analysis using fMRI data for studying functional brain networks/connectivity in brain faces the challenge about information loss during fMRI data dimensionality reduction for increasing dimensionality. Proposed adapted the NPE (Neighborhood Preserving Embedding) stratagem on fMRI datasets, is an effective data reduction method that shows superior performance on efficient data reduction and sufficient information preservation. Our proposed method can strengthen useful group-sharing information and can avoid the limitation of selecting components based on variance of eigenvectors. Therefore, it has better performance on individual and group level outcomes, as well as improvements on the reliability and reproducibility. |
| 2693 | Multi-echo BOLD Index: Figuring out false positive and providing detailed activation patterns in task fMRI | |
| Wenchao Yang1, Burak Akin1, Xiang Gao1, Benedikt Poser2, and Jürgen Hennig1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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We introduced a BOLD Index in this abstract. This index can figure out the false positive/non-BOLD voxels from standard fMRI t-test results. It can also provide detailed cortex active patterns. The BOLD Index high value is always marked on gray matter, while, the t-test high value is marked on the CSF or vein in cortex fissure or sulci. T-test answers the question of which voxel is active. The BOLD index tells whether the voxel's response is true BOLD or non-BOLD and how strong. |
| 2694 | A setup for 3 T submillimeter layer-dependent fMRI weighted toward microvasculature | |
| Lasse Knudsen1 and Torben Ellegaard Lund1 | ||
1Center of Integrative Neuroscience, Aarhus University, Århus N, Denmark |
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The field of layer-dependent fMRI is challenged by draining veins hampering the spatial specificity, and low SNR due to small voxel sizes. Here we present a setup for layer-dependent fMRI that aims to tackle these problems, while being feasible at highly available and clinically approved 3T systems. It relies on recently published post-processing techniques for thermal noise reduction and removal of response components weighted toward macrovasculature. Our initial results suggest sufficient sensitivity for detection of robust layer specific signals. Furthermore, statistical maps are largely free from superficial bias and previously reported double stripe features emerge, indicating strong weighting toward microvasculature. |
| 2695 | Evaluation of spin-echo generalized Slice Dithered Enhanced Resolution (gSLIDER) for high-resolution fMRI at 3T. | |
| Alexander JS Beckett1,2, Salvatore Torrisi1,2, Kawin Setsompop3, David A Feinberg1,2, and An T Vu4,5 | ||
1Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States, 3Radiological Sciences Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 5San Francisco Veteran Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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We demonstrate the use of generalized Slice Dithered Enhanced Resolution (gSLIDER) for high-resolution spin-echo (SE) fMRI. Activations were comparable to standard SE fMRI at varying levels of regularization, demonstrating the suitability of this method for high-resolution fMRI.
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| 2696 | The influence of undersampling scheme and labeling approach on functional arterial spin labeling with single-shot 3D GRASE readout at 3T | |
| Dimo Ivanov1, Josef Pfeuffer2, Anna Gardumi1, Kâmil Uludağ3, and Benedikt A Poser1 | ||
1Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, 3Techna Institute & Koerner Scientist in MR Imaging, Joint Department of Medical Imaging and Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) fMRI is beneficial, but suffers from low temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR). We compared GRAPPA- and CAIPI-accelerated optimized short-TR single-shot 3D GRASE PASL and PCASL approaches at 3T. The CAIPI acceleration approach results in equally good or better results than the GRAPPA technique. Despite having higher perfusion tSNR, PCASL did not lead to significantly higher activation z-scores than PASL, reflecting the influence of larger number of samples for the latter. In conclusion, the higher (perfusion) tSNR efficiency of PCASL does not always guarantee outperformance and the best ASL fMRI approach will depend on the specific experimental parameters. |
| 2697 | Improving task fMRI reliability at brain regions of high‐susceptibility using a multi-band PSF-mapping-based reverse-gradient approach | |
| Myung-Ho In1, Daehun Kang1, Hang Joon Jo2, Uten Yarach3, Joshua D Trzasko1, Nolan K Meyer1,4, Bardwell Speltz J Lydia 1,4, John Huston III1, Matt A Bernstein1, and Yunhong Shu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 4Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Interleaved reverse-gradient fMRI (RG-fMRI) with a PSF mapping-based distortion correction scheme has the potential to minimize the loss of signal in regions of rapid susceptibility change. Recently, multi-band imaging was combined to improve the temporal resolution for RG-fMRI, and the initial feasibility was evaluated in human. In this work, breath-holding task-fMRI was performed with the proposed scheme to demonstrate the effectiveness in improving fMRI reliability for each individual and the entire group, especially in high susceptibility brain regions. |
| 2698 | Recurrent U-Net Based Temporal Regularization for Dynamic Undersampled Reconstruction in OSSI fMRI | |
| Shouchang Guo1 and Douglas C. Noll2 | ||
1Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Using deep learning for undersampled reconstruction has shown advantages for structural MRI and dynamic MRI, but is not commonly used for fMRI. In this work, we propose a neural network based reconstruction with temporal regularization to exploit the temporal redundancy of oscillating steady-state fMRI images. With a factor of 6 undersampling, the proposed method outperforms other approaches such as cascade of convolutional neural networks with high-resolution and high-quality fMRI results. |
| 2699 | Biologically-driven cerebellar neural mass model for improving BOLD signal simulations | |
| Roberta Maria Lorenzi1, Alice Geminiani1, Claudia A.M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,2,3, Fulvia Palesi1,3, Claudia Casellato1, and Egidio D'Angelo1,3 | ||
1Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom, 3Brain Connectivity Centre Research Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Whole-brain activity can be simulated as a collection of BOLD signals by solving mathematical models representing neuronal circuitry organization of different brain regions. The cerebellum strongly contributes to the whole-brain dynamics. We present the formalism for a mean-field model reproducing cerebellar physiological properties, which model-core is the transfer function transforming neurons spiking-patterns into time-continuous global activity. Combined with other models integrated in simulators, like DCM (Dynamic Causal Modeling) and TVB (The Virtual Brain), our cerebellar network will allow to investigate neuronal functions at the origin of macroscopic hemodynamic properties captured by BOLD. |
| 2700 | Multi-task deep neural network reveals distinct and hierarchical pathways for face perception in visual cortex | |
| HUI ZHANG1,2, XUETONG DING1,2, and JIAQI ZHOU3 | ||
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine(BDBPM), Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 2Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Beijing, China, 3Department of computer science, Beihang University, Beijing, China |
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We developed a multi-task deep neural network (DNN) model that can simultaneously classify facial expressions and identities. The model’s architecture and weights were optimized, and then used as an efficient tool to investigate the neural responses to facial expression and identity perception in an fMRI experiment. Our results revealed distinct visual pathways for facial expression and identity processing in the dorsal and ventral pathways in IT cortex, respectively. We also found hierarchical processing for facial expression and identity within the visual pathways. |
| 2701 | Evaluating data precision and signal gains in functional neuroimaging data after NOise reduction with DIstribution Corrected PCA (NORDIC) | |
| Logan T. Dowdle1, Luca Vizioli2,3, Steen Moeller2, Cheryl Olman4, Geoffrey Ghose1,2,4, Essa Yacoub2, and Kamil Ugurbil1,2,5 | ||
1Neurosciences, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Radiology, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 5Medicine, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Functional neuroimaging with gradient echo BOLD has moved to higher and higher spatial and temporal resolutions, which leads to with higher levels of unstructured thermal noise. Here we evaluate the application of the NORDIC method, which suppresses thermal noise, on 7 datasets. We find that NORDIC improve t-values, while not significantly altering fMRI signal characteristics. In addition, a single run of NORDIC data is able to predict held out, original data equally as well as 2 to 3 runs of the original data. NORDIC is a promising new method for dramatically increasing the signal to noise ratio of BOLD imaging. |
| 2702 | Multiscale sample entropy analysis of resting-state and task fMRI | |
| Mary Katherine Gale1, Maysam Nezafati1, and Shella Keilholz1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Sample entropy can be used to assess BOLD signal complexity and predictability in resting-state and task fMRI. Task-relevant brain regions tend to display significantly lower entropy than less relevant regions. This trend appears most distinctly in tasks that involve cortical structures, such as a motor task involving the motor cortex, as opposed to tasks that involve subcortical nuclei, such as an emotion task involving the amygdala. Additionally, there is a strong negative correlation between BOLD signal amplitude and entropy that appears only in task-based fMRI, indicating that BOLD signal, as recruited by a task, becomes more predictable as amplitude increases. |
| 2703 | Locally low-rank denoising preserves statistical confidence in task-based functional activation under scan duration reduction | |
| Nolan Meyer1, Norbert G Campeau2, David F Black2, Kirk M Welker2, Erin Gray2, Daehun Kang2, MyungHo In2, John Huston2, Yunhong Shu2, Matt A Bernstein2, and Joshua D Trzasko2 | ||
1Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Functional MRI activation maps derived from locally low-rank (LLR) denoising of complex-valued time series echo planar imaging (EPI) data were compared to those obtained from conventional non-denoised data for a six-block verbal task-based fMRI exam obtained in five healthy subjects, as data were retrospectively truncated block-by-block. The LLR-denoised fMRI activation maps exhibited superior performance as timeframes were removed in sets of blocks, with acceptable statistical confidence overall in localizing verbal activation following retrospective truncation of scan data. LLR denoising significantly increases temporal signal to noise ratio of timecourse data, a performance advantage which remains stable as timeframes are removed. |
| 2704 | Initial clinical evaluation of locally low-rank denoising on motor areas for task-based presurgical functional MRI | |
| Nolan Meyer1, Norbert G Campeau2, David F Black2, Kirk M Welker2, Erin Gray2, Daehun Kang2, MyungHo In2, John Huston2, Yunhong Shu2, Matt A Bernstein2, and Joshua D Trzasko2 | ||
1Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In a preliminary evaluation of task-based motor fMRI data of five healthy subjects, locally low-rank (LLR) denoising is evaluated for clinical performance. Complex-valued timecourse echo planar imaging (EPI) data from finger-tapping exams were LLR-denoised and equivalently processed alongside control images. Statistical thresholds of LLR-denoised and control data were assessed by four board-certified neuroradiologists for four specific clinically relevant clusters and overall. LLR denoising predominantly yields increased thresholds for four specific cluster regions and aggregate maps in a preliminary analysis. |
| 2705 | Linearity of the task-evoked negative BOLD response from the Default mode network regions | |
| Amirreza Sedaghat1, Farnia Feiz2, Sreyansh Biswall2, Sindy Ozoria2, and Qolamreza R Razlighi2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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There is emerging evidence that demonstrate spatial and temporal characteristics of the positive BOLD responses, however, the accompanying negative BOLD responses (NBR) are still under investigation. This is surprising since studies investigating NBR started as early as the introduction of the BOLD-fMRI. While there are limited number of studies that have utilized NBR in the normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease, we feel the NBR has not been used to its full capacity in the field. Recently, within the past two years, the number of publications on NBR has increased, making the timing of this research appropriate. |
| 2706 | The treatment effects of quitting smoking by varenicline — a fMRI study | |
| Peng Peng1, Chun-lin Li2, Bin Jing2, Qing-lei Shi3, and Tao Jiang1 | ||
1Radiology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Beijing, China, 2School of biomedical engineering, Capital medical university, Beijing, China, 3HC NEA DI MR Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China |
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This study investigated the activation changes of brain regions to smoking related visual stimulation in smokers before and after cessation treatment using a fMRI. The results demonstrated that treated smokers will have improved functions of brain regions related to addiction control after using varenicline. |
| 2707 | Individualized cue-response fMRI study in gaming disorder | |
| Pavel Tikhonov1, Alexander Efimtcev2, Dmitriy Iskhakov2, and Mikhail Zubkov1 | ||
1Department of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint-Petersberg, Russian Federation, 2Department of Radiology, Federal Almazov North‐West Medical Research Center, Saint-Petersberg, Russian Federation |
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Task-related fMRI studies are providing increasing amount of information on the neurobiological aspects of the Gaming Disorder. This study aims to further explore the functional connectivities present in the gaming disorder subject brain via task-based fMRI study using individualized visual stimuli. 22 participants undergo fMRI scanning with gaming-related and neutral visual stimuli. Data analysis shows altered medial prefrontal cortex connectivity resembling that in cases of substance addiction. |
| 2708 | Fractal-Based Analysis of Movie Watching vs. Eyes-Open Resting State Reveals Widespread Differences in fMRI Signal Complexity | |
| Olivia Lauren Campbell1, Tamara Vanderwal1, and Alexander Mark Weber1 | ||
1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
||
Previous studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have found that the ‘resting-state’ is more fractal than task performance. Investigating the behaviour of brain signals under naturalistic conditions, we performed fractal analysis of 7T fMRI data (n=55) under movie-watching (Movie; 10mins) and eyes-open with fixation-cross (Rest; 10mins) conditions. Compared to Rest, Movie, the more natural stimulus, showed greater fractal scaling in all three regions analyzed: whole-brain greymatter (adj_p.=0.014, Cohen’s_D=0.34), default mode network (adj_p.=2.55x10-8, Cohen’s_D=0.90), and visual network (adj_p.=6.44x10-10, Cohen’s_D=1.05), reflecting the endogenous scale-invariant state of the brain. |
| 2709 | Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on BOLD signal in human brain during video stimulation. Functional MRI study. | |
| Maxim Ublinskiy1,2, Andrei Manzhurtsev1,2,3, Alexei Yakovlev1,2,3, Natalia Semenova1,2,3, and Tolibjon Akhadov1,3 | ||
1Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2Insitute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 3Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation |
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Changes in intensity of BOLD response to stimulation can serve as a measure of participation of the above processes in the mechanisms of action of aspirin on vascular system. To test this hypothesis, we studied the effect of aspirin on the intensity of the BOLD signal in human brain during visual stimulation. |
| 2710 | A progressive calibration gaze interaction interface to enable to naturalistic fMRI experiments | |
| Kun Qian1, Tomoki Arichi1, A David Edwards1, and Jo V Hajnal1 | ||
1King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
||
fMRI studies of higher level cognitive processing stretch current stimulus presentation paradigms. Adding the capability for subjects to intuitively interact with a virtual world has huge potential for advancing such studies. Gaze tracking can provide rich information about attention, but maintaining accurate gaze estimation is compromised by head movement and most systems do not allow visual interaction. We describe a gaze interaction interface that exploits each new fixation to achieve robust and accurate perfromance even during head movement. This opens opportunities for naturalistic, flexible and complex fMRI experiments, particularly for challenging populations like children and those with cognitive difficulties. |
| 2711 | An Automatic and Subject-specific Method for Locus Coeruleus Localization and BOLD Activity Extraction | |
| Hengda He1, Linbi Hong1, and Paul Sajda1,2,3,4 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 4Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States |
||
The locus coeruleus (LC) is a small nucleus in the brainstem whose function is integral to regulating cognitive arousal. Despite the LC’s importance in cognitive processing, localizing it in functional space is challenging. Here, we propose a method that uses both an atlas and subjects’ neuromelanin-sensitive MRI images to estimate LC BOLD activity. We show that the LC BOLD extracted with our method is more strongly correlated with trial-to-trial variability in baseline pupil diameter than comparable approaches, an important metric since non-luminance changes in pupil diameter have been shown to covary with LC electrophysiological recordings in non-human primates. |
| 2712 | The neuro-brain functional mechanisms that cause different efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation on primary insomnia | |
| Xiao Wu1, Yue Zhang2, and Ji-lei Zhang3 | ||
1Department of chinese medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, 2The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
||
Recently, some studies have reported the efficacy of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) on primary insomnia. However, its effective rate fluctuated greatly. Therefore, our study aimed at studying the reasons that caused the different efficacy of taVNS. |
| 2910 | fMRI with a Zero Echo Time (ZTE) Pulse Sequence | |
| Martin John MacKinnon1,2,3,4, Yuncong Ma1,2,4, Sheng Song1,2,4, Tzu-Hao Harry Chao1,2,4, Tzu-Wen Winnie Wang1,2,4, SungHo Lee2,4, SungHo Lee1,2,4, Wei-Tang Chang2,5, and Yen-Yu Ian Shih1,2,4 | ||
1Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 2Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 3The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 4Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 5Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States |
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Conventional fMRI studies, carried out with the gold-standard echo-planar imaging (EPI), are confounded by the deleterious effects of the sequence’s limitation – its sensitivity to magnetic field inhomogeneities and high acoustic noise. The properties of short acquisition delay sequences, that also have minimal incrementing of gradients during spatial encoding, such as MB-SWIFT and ZTE, render them resistant to the aforementioned confounding factors. We study the feasibility of using ZTE to detect functional activations with endogenous contrast using a simple rat forepaw electrical stimulation paradigm. We show that ZTE-fMRI has a 67% greater sensitivity than the gold-standard BOLD-weighted EPI. |
| 2911 | Functional MRI of mice olfactory bulbs using novel fMRI methodologies at 15.2T | |
| Odélia Jacqueline Chitrit1, Qingjia Bao1, Silvia Chuartzman2, Noga Silkha2, Tali Kimchi2, and Lucio Frydman1 | ||
1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 2Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel |
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Spatiotemporal Encoding (SPEN) MRI was used in fully- and non-fully-refocused modes, to capture the activation of olfactory bulbs (OBs) in mice, in response to odors. At the 15.2T field employed, responses on the order of 10% could easily be observed in male OBs; clear but weaker responses were observed in females. In all cases image quality largely exceeded that arising in GE or even SE EPI, with compromises between image quality and fMRI activation “tunable” by SPEN’s refocusing conditions. The high spatial and temporal resolutions achievable in these scans can shed light into this important behavioral cue of social animals. |
| 2912 | High Resolution EPI-based rs-fMRI Performed at 21.1 T | |
| David C. Hike1,2, Lauren C. Daley1,2, Frederick A Bagdasarian1,2, Shannon Helsper1,2, and Samuel Colles Grant1,2 | ||
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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This study utilizes resting-state (rs)-fMRI and graph theory as methods for detecting functional recovery following ischemia. rs-fMRI was performed at 21.1 T on an ischemic rat model and naïve controls. Current data shows correlations in multiple areas of the brain indicating differences between hemispheres for the parameters observed. |
| 2913 | Comparison of 2D-EPI, 3D-EPI and ERASE in terms of physiological noise, SNR and tSNR | |
| Jae-Kyun Ryu1,2 and Jang-Yeon Park2,3,4 | ||
1Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Recently we proposed an ultrafast 3D gradient-echo imaging sequence using spatiotemporal-encoding (SPEN), called ERASE (Equal-TE Rapid Acquisition with Sequential Excitation), which has high tolerance to B0 inhomogeneities. Here, we investigated the noise characteristics, SNR, and tSNR of ERASE with rat brain imaging at 9.4T at high spatial resolution, in comparison with 2D and 3D gradient-echo EPI. While ERASE provided better tSNR than both of them, it provided intermediate SNR between them. The ratio of physiological and thermal noise (σP/σ0) and lambda (λ) were smaller in ERASE than 2D and 3D-EPI mainly due to its robustness against B0 inhomogeneity. |
| 2914 | Denoise functional magnetic resonance imaging with variance-stabilizing transformation and optimal singular value shrinkage (VST-SVS) | |
| Wei Zhu1, Xiaodong Ma1, Xiao-Hong Zhu1, Kamil Uğurbil1, Wei Chen1, and Xiaoping Wu1 | ||
1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
||
High-resolution fMRI is largely hindered by random thermal noise. In this study, we propose a denoising method to reduce such noise in magnitude fMRI data. The proposed method synergistically combines: 1) variance-stabilizing transformation to convert Rician data to Gaussian-like data, 2) principle-component-analysis-based denoising algorithm with optimal singular value shrinkage to remove noise, and 3) patch-based implementation with tunable Gaussian weighting to tradeoff between functional sensitivity and specificity. Our results using synthetic and in-vivo cat task fMRI data show that the denoising method can effectively remove Rician noise, promoting functional fidelity and sensitivity in comparison to existing denoising methods. |
| 2915
|
Enhanced conventional and ultrafast responses in preclinical functional MRI using MP-PCA denoising | |
| Francisca F. Fernandes1, Rita Gil1, Jonas L. Olesen2,3, Sune N. Jespersen2,3, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN) and MINDLab, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark |
||
The MP-PCA denoising approach is an objective way to reduce fluctuations caused by thermal noise. In rodents, thermal noise in the coils is an important fMRI confounder that can reduce the accuracy of activation mapping. Here, we develop the MP-PCA denoising scheme for rodent fMRI. Data was obtained from 3 mice using conventional multislice and ultrafast acquisitions (1s and 50ms temporal resolution, respectively), during visual stimulation. MP-PCA denoising generated strong Fourier spectral amplitude increases in BOLD maps of 20% and 85% and tSNR increases of 100% and 275% for multislice and ultrafast data, respectively. |
| 2916 | High Resolution Functional Mapping of Orientation Domains in the Cat Visual Cortex using Denoising with NORDIC | |
| Shinho Cho1, Steen Moeller1, Mehmet Akçakaya2, Logan Dowdle1, Luca Vizioli1, Djaudat Idiyatullin1, Wei Chen1, and Kâmil Uğurbil1 | ||
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
||
Animal model studies in functional brain imaging (fMRI) require extremely high spatial resolutions, thus being challenged by the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Recent advances in fMRI denoising provide gains by suppressing thermal noise. Here we demonstrate significant improvements of fMRI results by NORDIC (NOise reduction with DIstribution Corrected PCA) de-noising; increased functional CNR and T-statistics, yielded the high signal stability of single fMRI acquisition with reproducible quantification of brain responses. |
| 2917 | Automatic detection of BOLD oscillations in the anesthetized brain | |
| Henriette Lambers1, Lydia Wachsmuth1, Ping Zheng1, and Cornelius Faber1 | ||
1Translational Research Imaging Center, Clinic for Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany |
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Periodic BOLD oscillations caused by vasomotion can superimpose temporal signal fluctuations in fMRI measurements and may affect brain network analysis. In order to establish a reliable detection of BOLD oscillations, we developed an automatic oscillation detection tool with an accuracy of 96 %. With this program, we examined high temporal resolution MR data consisting in total of 1.259.400 images. We found that BOLD oscillations occur brain wide starting between two and four hours after initiation of medetomidine sedation. |
| 2918 | Global Signal vs. Global Noise in Rat rs-fMRI | |
| Nmachi Anumba1,2, Wenju Pan1,2, Eric Maltbie1,2, and Shella Keilholz1,2 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Regression of the BOLD “global signal” in human rs-fMRI studies to reduce widespread noise is a controversial practice since the signal may also contain neural activity. Rodent rs-fMRI studies offer an opportunity to better disentangle the neural and nonneural contributors to the global signal. However, global signal in rodents has been relatively little studied. We performed a voxel-wise analysis to examine the global signal’s spatial distribution. We found that, as in humans, global signal contributions vary spatially within the rat brain and that certain attributes of this signal are unique to the brain when compared to nonneural sources of noise. |
| 2919 | Accurate Brain Parcellation of Individual Marmosets Based on Awake Resting-State fMRI Data and Deep Neural Networks | |
| Xiaoguang Tian1, Zhifeng Liang2, Afonso C Silva1, and Cirong Liu2 | ||
1Dept. of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China |
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As a prerequisite for understanding how the brain works, it has been a long-sought goal to subdivide (parcellate) the brain into a mosaic of anatomically- and functionally-defined parcels (areas). However, reaching a consensus parcellation has been hindered by inaccuracies in aligning brain areas across subjects. Here, we developed a novel cortical parcellation approach using resting-state fMRI data collected in a population of awake marmosets to accurately map the functional brain organization of individuals. |
| 2920 | Functional cerebral blood volume imaging of the mouse visual cortex using vascular space occupancy | |
| Naman Jain1, Atena Akbari1, Markus Barth1,2, and Kai-Hsiang Chuang1,3 | ||
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 3Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV) – weighted vascular-space-occupancy (VASO) functional MRI (fMRI) has shown superior spatial specificity compared to the conventional gradient-echo blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) contrast in humans [1]. Although VASO fMRI has been used for CBV imaging in rats and monkeys, the applicability of this method in the mouse brain has not been investigated due to the technical challenges. In this study we examine the feasibility of VASO fMRI of the visual cortex in the anesthetized mouse. |
| 2921 | Combined RS-fMRI and calcium recordings show stabile brain states in mice after switching anesthetic regimen | |
| Bruno Pradier1,2, Lydia Wachsmuth1, Daniel Segelcke2, Nina Nagelmann1, Esther Pogatzki-Zahn2, and Cornelius Faber1 | ||
1Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany, 2Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany |
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Resting-state fMRI in mice became a popular method to investigate brain circuits. However, uncertainty resides over the dynamic effects of anesthetics on brain states and functional connectivity. Using a multimodal approach with optical calcium recordings and RS-fMRI, we assessed brain states and networks while switching anesthetic regimen from 1% isoflurane to a combined 0.2% isoflurane/medetomidine anesthesia. We find that brain states reach a steady state after a short transition time and detected that functional connectivity changes were strongest relative to the 1% isoflurane condition. We conclude that brain states and networks are stable from 30 minutes after switching anesthetic regimen. |
| 2922 | Optimize Simultaneous Multi-channel Calcium Recording and fMRI in Mouse Brain | |
| Shabnam Khorasani Gerdekoohi1, Pankaj Sah2, and Kai-Hsiang Chuang1,3 | ||
1Queensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 2Quuensland Brain Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 3Center for Advanced Imaging, Brisbane, Australia |
||
· Susceptibility artifacts of EPI induced by fiber photometry were successfully reduced at 9.4T MRI. · High quality event-related BOLD and calcium responses were measured using short visual stimuli. · Neural to hemodynamic transfer functions of a cortical region (V1) and a subcortical region (LGd) were calculated. |
| 2923 | Dynamic Functional Connectivity of Focused Ultrasound-induced Neuromodulation in Normal Rat Model | |
| Yu-Chieh Hung1, Yi-Cheng Wang1, Hao-Li Liu2, and Hsu-Hsia Peng1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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Non-invasive focused ultrasound (FUS) offered attractive advantages to modulate neuronal activity. The functional connectivity (FC) between different brain regions is a dynamic process during a period of examinations. We aim to explore FUS-induced neuromodulation by dynamic FC. We observed the evolution of dynamic FC at Pre-FUS, FUS-35min, and FUS-3hr for normal rats with FUS sonication at ventral posteromedial and ventral posterolateral thalamic nuclei (VPM/VPL) region in left thalamus. With K-means clustering, we quantitatively evaluated the evolution of altered probability% of dynamic FC in seven states at Pre-FUS, FUS-35min, and FUS-3hr, suggesting the potential of FUS-neuromodulation. |
| 2924 | Restraint System for Motion Reduction in MRI studies of Awake Mice | |
| Derek Prusener1, Maysam Nezafati1, Gloria Perrin Clavijo1, and Shella Keilholz1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
||
We designed a head restraint system for image acquisition in awake mouse fMRI studies that minimized head motion. The system consists of a head implant, combined with a customized cradle and head holder. Two distinct head implant designs are tested to evaluate if the motion goal for the system is achieved. |
| 2925 | Extra low dose pancuronium bromide for fMRI improves survival and recovery times while suppressing translational motion | |
| Muhammad Danial Afiq Bin Abdullah1, Isaac Huen1, Redha Boubertakh1, Xing Qi Teo1, and Kuan Jin Lee1 | ||
1SBIC, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore |
||
Minimising motion artefacts for pre-clinical studies requires the use of pancuronium bromide (PB), a muscle relaxant paired with the use of mechanical ventilators. Current literature is limited in its description of the mice recovery from the effects of PB. We detail a recovery process using low dose PB which improves survival while keeping translational motion suppressed. |
| 2926 | Light sedation with short habituation time for large-scale fMRI studies in rat | |
| Lenka Dvořáková1, Petteri Stenroos1, Ekaterina Zhurakovskaya1, Raimo Salo1, Jaakko Paasonen1, and Olli Gröhn1 | ||
1A.I.V. Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland |
||
As anesthesia is a serious confounding factor in pre-clinical fMRI, there is increasing interest in awake fMRI. However, awake protocols tend to be time-consuming and laborious, making large studies unfeasible. Therefore, we investigated whether a light sedation protocol with a short habituation period can provide comparable data to fully awake protocol. We measured 102 rats under light sedation and compared the FC to both on-site measured awake data and open awake rat fMRI database. Our results show, that apart from slightly modified thalamic connectivity, light sedation provides results that are comparable to the data obtained in the awake state. |
| 2927
|
MRI based retinotopy of the rat visual pathway | |
| Joana Carvalho1, Francisca F. Fernandes1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal |
||
Unravelling the fine-grained organization of the visual system is essential for understanding the foundations of vision in health and disease. Receptive field (RF) properties and retinotopic maps across the visual pathway were estimated non-invasively at unprecedented resolution, for the first-time in rodents. We tailored a set-up to deliver complex stimuli in preclinical scanners, and combined BOLD-fMRI with biologically-inspired models to investigate how RFs vary across cortical depth and hierarchy. We show that Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN), Visual Cortex (VC) and Superior Colliculus (SC) are retinotopically organized and that RF sizes vary across cortical layers, spiking at layers IV and VI. |
| 2928 | HIGH RESOLUTION ODOR MAPPING IN AWAKE MOUSE OLFACTORY BULB USING CONTRAST ENHANCED FMRI | |
| Christopher Cover1, Alexander Poplawsky1, Sujatha Nallama1, and Mitsuhiro Fukuda1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
||
The rodent olfactory bulb provides an ideal system to investigate cell- and layer-specific contributions to neurovascular coupling using noninvasive fMRI. However, anesthesia is regularly used to minimize motion, which is known to interfere with neurovascular coupling and confounds the neural interpretation of the results. Here, we introduce a technique for reliable awake rodent fMRI of the olfactory bulb at high spatial resolutions (100 x 100 x 300 μm3). Activation maps of four unique odors are consistent with previously published 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography studies. Awake rodent olfactory fMRI is a reliable technique to reproduce neural-specific odor maps at laminar resolutions. |
| 2929 | Functional MRI study of olfactory responses evoked by musk odor in the mouse whole brain under medetomidine anesthesia | |
| Yumiko Tsubakihara1, Mitsuhiro Takeda1, Sosuke Yoshinaga1, and Hiroaki Terasawa1 | ||
1Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan |
||
Muscone, a musk odorant component that attracts male mice, binds to olfactory receptors on the olfactory epithelium. Subsequently, activation signals are transferred from the receptors to the olfactory bulb, and then to the olfactory cortex and other brain regions. To detect such odor-evoked activation pathways associated with the perception of odorants and induced behaviors, we employed a method that combines periodic odor stimulation and independent component analysis. In this study, we used medetomidine as the anesthesic. Since medetomidine reportedly influences neural activity in a dose-dependent manner, we investigated the muscone-evoked activations at different levels of medetomidine anesthesia. |
| 2930 | Lack of visual critical period of plasticity induces BOLD modulations in the rat binocular subregion of the primary visual cortex | |
| Rita Gil1, Frederico Severo1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal |
||
Experience induced visual cortical (VC) plasticity is key for adequate pathway maturation and circuitry refinement. Competing inputs from each eye arriving to the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus and, later, to VC, are necessary to shape and develop visual binocularity. Without such competition, an increased responsiveness and number of binocular cortical neurons has been reported. Here, we investigated monocular stimulation in rats that had been dark reared and compared their cortical BOLD responses with normal reared animals. Increased BOLD responses appeared along the VC of the dark reared group, suggesting a lack of pathway maturation and binocular integration. |
| 2931 | Correlation of negative and positive BOLD signal change in the cerebral cortex by somatosensory stimulation in mice | |
| Tomokazu Tsurugizawa1, Boucif Djemai2, and Kazumi Kasahara1 | ||
1Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan, 2NeuroSpin/CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
||
In the current study, we aim to investigate the spatiotemporal profile of negative BOLD response evoked by somatosensory stimulation in mouse. Positive BOLD response was observed in contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1) by forepaw somatosensory stimulation, while negative BOLD response was observed in the bilateral barrel field of somatosensory cortex (Scbf). The amplitude of BOLD response in Scbf was negatively correlated with positive BOLD response in S1, while negative BOLD response lasted longer than positive BOLD response. These results indicate that origin of negative BOLD response could be neuronal activity, but neurovascular coupling is not similar as positive BOLD response. |
| 2932 | Monaural auditory stimulation induces negative BOLD in the rat auditory pathway | |
| Frederico Severo1, Rita Gil1, and Noam Shemesh1 | ||
1Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal |
||
fMRI has been used to characterize the auditory pathway in rodents in the past, but unlike other modalities, these studies haven’t shown any prominent negative responses in any structure along the auditory pathway. Our findings reveal, for the first time, negative BOLD signals induced by monaural stimulation with broadband white noise in the ipsilateral inferior colliculus and contralateral striatum. These findings may shed light into the intercollicular dynamics in sound processing in the rat brain upon, e.g., sound localization or spatial navigation. |
| 2933 | The Effect of Somatostatin+ Interneurons on the Negative BOLD Response. | |
| Rik Lodevicus Elizabeth Maria Ubaghs1, Roman Böhringer1, Markus Marks1, Mehmet Fatih Yanik1, and Benjamin Friedrich Grewe1 | ||
1Institute of Neuroinformatics University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
||
How the exact interaction between excitatory and inhibitory neurons shapes the fMRI BOLD response is currently not well understood. As such, this often hinders any precise conclusions about the causal involvement of a brain area during a specific task. Here we show a demonstration of stimulus-dependent excitatory and inhibitory processing that could explain previously reported observations in BOLD polarity (Niranjan et al., 2016). We show evidence that the activity of Somatostatin+ interneurons is related to a negative inflection in the BOLD signal even when there is a simultaneous increase in local excitatory activation. |
| 2934 | Awake fMRI shows an impact of anesthesia on resting state functional connectivity in mice | |
| Tomokazu Tsurugizawa1 | ||
1Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan |
||
This study aims to develop awake fMRI protocol to compare the resting state functional connectivity between awake state and anesthetized state (isoflurane or medetomidine + isoflurane) in the same mouse. The typical structure of resting state functional connectivity did not alter under ISO or MED+ISO anesthesia, but the connectivity strength and fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation in the cerebral cortex and the thalamic nuclei altered under anesthesia. These results indicate the availability of anesthesia on the resting state fMRI although the impact of anesthesia on neuronal activity should be considered. |
| 2935 | The brain activity of Rhesus monkeys in anesthesia | |
| Yifan Miao1 | ||
1Institute of Biophysics, CAS., Beijing, China |
||
In this study, we have observed a dose-dependent difference the brain activity and functional connectivity of Rhesus monkeys during propofol-induced anesthesia. The overall change of ALFF values was insignificant, but under lighter level there was an increase in the prefrontal and occipital lobes and in the frontal lobe inversely. The FC values across hemispheres were highly synchronized under deep anesthesia, and gradually decreased under lighter. The pattern of change in functional connectivity values showed a significant decrease followed by a small increase, which may have some reference significance to reveal the brain network formation mechanisms during resting state. |
| 2936 | Life-span development of brain functional connectivity in common marmosets | |
| Rina Ito1,2, Yuji Komaki2, Fumiko Seki2, Mayu Iida1,2, Mitsuki Rikitake1,2, Marin Nishio1,2, Junichi Hata1,3, and Takako Shirakawa1 | ||
1Department of Radiological Sciences, Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Live imaging Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 3Jikei University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
||
Resting-state functional MRI enables to assess the psycho-neurological disease and developmental disability. The purpose of this study was finding the trend of functional connectivity life-span development in healthy common marmosets. We verified that the number of resting-state networks and its strength increased dramatically with age until common marmosets became adults (the age of 24 months) and declined steadily at older age after 24 months. The results demonstrated mostly the same data as human; therefore, it could apply as control models comparing with psycho-neurological disorder models in further research. |
| 2937 | Suppression of the default mode network in mouse affects memory consolidation | |
| Zengmin Li1, Dilsher Athwal1, and Kai-Hsiang Chuang1,2 | ||
1Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia, 2Centre for Advance Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
||
|
| 2938 | Resting-state co-activation patterns (CAPs) accurately predict pre- and manifest- stage Huntington’s disease in mice. | |
| Mohit H Adhikari1, Tamara Vasilkovska1, Dorian Pustina2, Longbin Liu2, Roger Cachope2, Haiying Tang2, Celia Dominguez2, Ignacio Munoz-Sanjuan2, Annemie Van der Linden1, and Marleen Verhoye1 | ||
1Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium, 2CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) biomarkers hold great potential to become key in understanding Huntington’s Disease (HD) pathophysiology as well as disease progression. We investigated longitudinal changes in spatiotemporal properties of transient brain-wide co-activation patterns (CAPs) during the brain’s resting-state (RS) in a mouse model of HD. We found early differences in the temporal components of two biologically prominent CAPs in the diseased mice and showed, using supervised learning, that spatial features of CAPs accurately distinguish the diseased animals from healthy. Our findings show the promise of RS-CAPs in the development of MRI-based biomarkers of HD. |
| 2939 | Spatiotemporal aberrations in resting-state quasi-periodic patterns in 4-month-old TgF344-AD rats | |
| Monica van den Berg1, Mohit Adhikari1, Georgios A. Keliris1, and Marleen Verhoye1 | ||
1Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium |
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To identify spatiotemporal network alterations at an early stage of AD, we’ve performed rsfMRI and analysed quasi-periodic patterns in 4-month old TgF344-AD rats. We observed spatiotemporal alterations in whole brain network activity, mainly in the basal forebrain and cingulate cortex. Moreover, occurrences of QPPs were significantly lower in TgF344-AD rats. Co-activation of basal forebrain and cingulate cortex, present in wild-type rats, was greatly reduced in TgF344-AD rats. These results highlight the important role of the BFB in orchestrating brain networks and indicate a potential signature to identify early onset changes at the network level. |
| 2940 | Detecting functional connectivity changes in a pig traumatic brain injury model using resting-state fMRI | |
| Wenwu Sun1, Kelly M. Scheulin2, Sydney E. Sneed2, Madison M. Fagan2, Savannah R. Cheek2, Christina B. Welch2, Morgane E. Golan2, Frankin D. West2, and Qun Zhao1 | ||
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States, 2Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Geogia, Athens, GA, United States |
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has great potential to evaluate how networks respond and compensate for network dysfunction caused by traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, sparse dictionary learning (sDL) and independent component analysis (ICA) were applied to resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) data, collected from a group of piglets 1-day (D1) and 7-days (D7) after TBI. Activation maps were generated using group ICA and group sDL, both with dual regression. Voxel-wise permutation tests were then applied to identify changes to six resting-state networks (RSNs). Consistency was observed through the two methods, indicating functional network activity changes after injury. |
| 2941
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Optogenetic fMRI interrogation of the olfactory system | |
| Teng Ma1,2,3, Xunda Wang1,2, Eddie C. Wong1,2, Pit Shan Chong4, Sanchal Sanchayyan4, Lee Wei Lim4, Pek-Lan Khong3, Ed X. Wu1,2, and Alex T. L. Leong1,2 | ||
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 4School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China |
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The olfactory system is one of the major sensory systems and has been often linked to numerous non-olfactory regions pivotal for sensory perception and higher-order cognition. However, the extent of where olfactory signals are distributed brain-wide remains poorly described. By optogenetically stimulating the excitatory projection neurons in olfactory bulb (OB), we interrogated the brain-wide functional organization of the olfactory system using fMRI. We revealed that OB neural activity propagated to regions that are associated with higher-order cognition, reward-related behaviors and multisensory processing. |
| 2942 | Brain-wide functional organization of the central vestibular pathways: an optogenetic fMRI study | |
| Eddie C. Wong1,2, Teng Ma1,2,3, Xunda Wang1,2, Pek-Lan Khong3, Ed X. Wu1,2, and Alex T.L. Leong1,2 | ||
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China |
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The vestibular system is essential to our sense of balance and spatial orientation. fMRI mapping of the vestibular system has been challenging due to the physical constraints limiting a subject’s ability to perform motion, balance, and orientation related tasks within an MRI scanner. As such, our present knowledge of the brain-wide cortical and subcortical regions that participate in processing the vestibular sense is scarce. Here, we combined fMRI and optogenetic stimulation of vestibular excitatory neurons to visualize two distinct brain-wide functional organization of central vestibular pathways originating from two major vestibular subnuclei, the superior vestibular nucleus and medial vestibular nucleus. |
| 2943 | The role of central vestibular system in circadian rhythms? | |
| Alex T. L. Leong1,2, Christopher Man1,2, Yong Gu3, and Ed X. Wu1,2 | ||
1Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 2Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China, 3Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China |
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The vestibular system is critical for bodily functions, yet it remains an underappreciated sense. Recently, seminal studies of the prolonged exposure to microgravity in space showed significant alteration in vestibular activity and circadian rhythms. However, little is known regarding the role of the central vestibular system in regulating the circadian clock. Here, we deploy fMRI and optogenetic stimulation of vestibular excitatory neurons to visualize the neural targets of the vestibular system in circadian circuits. We reveal that the central vestibular system provides inputs to the suprachiasmatic nucleus, optic nerve and locus coeruleus, notable regions that drive and regulate circadian rhythms. |
| 2944 | Direct Mapping of the Nucleus Accumbens Core and Shell using Deep Brain Stimulation with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in rats | |
| Hyeon-Joong Kim1, Ryan S Clement2, Roger B Bagwell2, Tirko N Natasha2, Yen-Yu Ian Shih1, and Sung-Ho Lee1 | ||
1Center for Animal MRI, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 2Actuated medical, Bellefonte, PA, United States |
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Nucleus accumbens (NAc) is known as the backbone of the reward circuit, which the core and shell appear to be dominant. To directly map their distinct functional connectivity structure, we employed simultaneous Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) at NAc during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) and demonstrated the difference of the functional organization between core and shell. MR compatible 16ch microprobe was utilized to stimulate multiple regions during single scan session. We expect this technique could be useful to dissect the therapeutic circuit of DBS in NAc in the preclinical approach. |
| 2945 | Hypercapnic challenge, BOLD fMRI and immunohistochemistry to examine the in-vivo presence of adult neurogenesis in the sheep hypothalamus | |
| Pierre-Marie Chevillard1, Martine Migaud1, and Nathalie Just1 | ||
1NhyRVana, INRAE, Nouzilly, France |
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In the present work, we used hypercapnia measured with BOLD fMRI in ewes responding to photoperiodism to obtain a potential in-vivo marker of the presence of adult neurogenesis in their hypothalamus. Immunohistochemical methods were also used to analyse the relationships between blood vessels and Sox2 stained neural stem cells. |
| 3125 | Investigating the relationship between temporal SNR and resting-state networks to evaluate the feasibility of fMRI at a low field MR scanner | |
| Arjama Halder1,2, Demetrius Riberio de Paula3, William B Handler1, Andrea Soddu1, and Blaine A Chronik1,2 | ||
1xMR Labs, Physics and Astronomy, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Donders Institute, Radbound University, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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This preliminary investigation evaluates the feasibility of resting-state BOLD fMRI at a 0.5T MR scanner equipped with a high-performance gradient coil. Here, we evaluated the decrement in the number of extracted resting-state networks as tSNR decreased with reduced scanner field strength. The results from this study suggest a positive linear relationship between the calculated correlation coefficients for different resting-state networks and tSNR within a 95% confidence interval. A lower limit on the tSNR at which the networks are detectable can be calculated from this analysis and will be used in experimental studies with the 0.5T scanner. |
| 3126 | Evaluation of spatial blur induced by preprocessing and distortion in UHF fMRI data | |
| Jianbao Wang1,2, Shahin Nasr2,3, Anna Wang Roe1,4, and Jonathan R. Polimeni2,3,5 | ||
1Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering, of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 5Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Functional MRI is vulnerable to several sources of spatially-varying blurring imposed both at the data acquisition and analysis stages. For studies investigating fine-scale functional organization, any losses in imaging resolution, caused by blurring, dramatically affect the interpretation of the data. Therefore, these often-unavoidable blurring effects should be taken into account. Here we suggest approaches to minimize losses in spatial accuracy and recommend methods for quantifying the imaging resolution. These quantification methods can provide spatial “error bars” to use when evaluating results. |
| 3127 | Spatiotemporal Trajectories in Resting-state FMRI Revealed by Convolutional Variational Autoencoder | |
| Xiaodi Zhang1, Eric Maltbie1, and Shella Dawn Keilholz1 | ||
1BME, Emory University/Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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We trained a novel convolutional variational autoencoder to extract intrinsic spatial temporal patterns from short segments of resting-state fMRI data. The network was trained in an unsupervised manner using data from the Human Connectome Project. The extracted latent dimensions not only show clear clusters in the spatial domain that were in agreement with DMN/TPN anticorrelations and principal gradients, but also provide temporal information as well. The method provides a way to extract orthogonal spatial temporal patterns within fMRI data in a short time window, among which many patterns were not previously discovered and are worth investigating in the future. |
| 3128 | Temporal filtering affects time-varying functional connectivity metrics of the human brain | |
| Francesca Saviola1, Stefano Tambalo1, and Jorge Jovicich1 | ||
1CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto (TN), Italy |
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The use of temporal filtering is still controversial in resting-state brain functional MRI. In this study, we show that time-varying connectivity patterns largely depend on the type of temporal filtering applied to the data. Our results highlight the importance of properly considering and reporting the pre-processing pipeline details as they may significantly impact on obtaining reproducible findings, especially in clinical studies. |
| 3129 | Detection of High-Frequency Resting-State Connectivity using Spectrally and Temporally Segmented Regression of High-Speed fMRI Data | |
| Bruno Sa de La Rocque Guimaraes1, Khaled Talaat1, and Stefan Posse2,3 | ||
1Nuclear Engineering, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Neurology, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Physics and Astronomy, U New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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This study investigates resting-state signal fluctuations at high-frequencies (>0.3Hz) using a novel regression method for high-speed fMRI data. Respiration and cardiac related signal changes and motion parameters were regressed using a spectral and temporal segmentation approach. This novel approach was shown to substantially remove physiological noise and motion effects. It reduces artificial high-frequency correlations compared with a recently developed sliding window regression approach. High frequency connectivity maps showed comparable localization to low frequency connectivity maps. |
| 3130 | Predicting the temporal dynamics of the hemodynamic response using the spectrum of resting state fMRI signals | |
| Sydney Bailes1 and Laura D. Lewis1 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States |
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Given the substantial variations in the shape and timing of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) across the brain, it is critical to develop methods to characterize these variations for proper interpretation of the BOLD fMRI signal. Here, we identified significant differences in spectral properties of resting state fMRI signals between voxels with fast and slow hemodynamics. We found that these spectral properties can be used to classify fast and slow voxels, suggesting that information from the resting state can provide a way to understand and predict the temporal dynamics of the HRF across the brain. |
| 3131 | Mapping of phase-space dynamics for fMRI data | |
| Zhenhai Zhang1, Kaiming Li2, and Xiaoping Hu2 | ||
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California,Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of California,Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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This work aims to map the dynamics of resting state fMRI data. With phase space embedding, we reconstructed the phase portrait of BOLD signal and calculated the sum of the length of the edges of the convex hull to capture the dynamics of fMRI BOLD time courses. Our statistical parametric maps on multiple datasets of mental disorder suggest that SE could be a viable disease biomarker. |
| 3132 | Cerebellum integration in motor network improves Dynamic Causal Modeling performance | |
| Roberta Maria Lorenzi1, Letizia Casiraghi1,2, Adnan Alahmadi3,4, Anita Monteverdi1,5, Egidio D'Angelo1,5, Fulvia Palesi1,5, and Claudia A.M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott1,4,5 | ||
1Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale (ASST) di Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied medical sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 4NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom, 5Brain Connectivity Centre Research Department, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) is a framework enabling to quantify the causal relationship between functionally connected regions of the brain. Here we investigate cerebellum role in motion generation by adding a cerebellar node to an already validated motor network. We assessed how this operation improved DCM fMRI prediction. First- and second-level analyses were performed and the network including the cerebellum predicted the observed data with higher efficiency at single subject and group level. This network is important to study people with motor impairment where one could compare DCM predictions in heathy subjects and patients. |
| 3133 | Reproducibility Test of Global Functional Connectivity | |
| Jian Lin1, Wanyong Shin1, Stephen E Jones1, Katherine A Koenig1, and Mark J Lowe1 | ||
1Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We evaluated the reproducibility of resting state global functional connectivity in scan to re-scan. |
| 3134 | Deep Linear Modeling of Hierarchical Functional Connectivity in the Human Brain | |
| Wei Zhang1, Eva M Palacios1, and Pratik Mukherjee1 | ||
1UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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To better map hierarchical brain connectivity networks, we introduce a novel class of deep (multilayer) linear models of fMRI that bridge the gap between conventional methods such as independent component analysis and more complex deep nonlinear models. These deep linear models do not require the manual hyperparameter tuning, extensive fMRI training data or high-performance computing infrastructure needed by deep learning, such as convolutional neural networks, and their results are more explainable from their mathematical structure. These benefits gain in importance as continual improvements in the spatial and temporal resolution of fMRI reveal more of the hierarchy of spatiotemporal brain architecture. |
| 3135 | The effect of common resting-state fMRI preprocessing steps on the signal power spectrum | |
| Jacob J.L. Matthews1, Jillian Krotz1, and J. Jean Chen1,2 | ||
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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In resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI), the outcome measures, such as the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation and functional connectivity, depend on the preprocessing steps applied. The mechanisms by which these steps modulate rs-fMRI outcomes are unclear, although it has long been established that the frequency composition of the rs-fMRI signal influences functional connectivity and related measures. In this work, we demonstrate the effect of commonly used preprocessing steps on rs-fMRI spectra, showing the potential interactions between these steps and cardiac/respiratory frequencies. |
| 3136 | Testing for regional anatomical and physiological biases in fMRI signal fluctuations using surface-based deep learning | |
| Olivia Viessmann1, Divya Varadarajan1, Adrian V Dalca1,2, Bruce Fischl1,2, Michael Bernier1, Lawrence L Wald1,2, and Jonathan R Polimeni1,2 | ||
1Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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We provide a proof of concept that surface-based CNNs can predict anatomical and physiological data from fMRI signals. Specifically, we trained CNNs to predict local cortical thickness, cortical orientation to the B0-field and MR angiography data to demonstrate that this information exists in the resting-state timeseries and can be extracted and possibly used for variance and bias reduction. Our results suggest that deep learning is able to identify non-linear relationships between the fMRI data and these anatomical and physiological biases. |
| 3137 | A human brain number system model based on fMRI connectivity and deep-learning network | |
| Ray F. Lee1 | ||
1Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States |
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Brain’s number system is essential for humans to gauge magnitudes, but has not been explicitly explained. An fMRI experiment was designed to quantitatively measure BOLD responses during numbering processes. The functional connectivity elucidates a deep-learning network model that decomposes the numbering to subitizing and counting, where subitizing is modeled as a CNN, and counting is modeled as an RNN where the subitizing is its recurrent cell. The initial success rate of this model is >95% for subitizing and >90% for counting in 500 tests. Further matching between the brain parcellates and the recurrent cell may fully reveal our number system. |
| 3138 | Investigation of altered brain activation based on MultiBand fMRI: A Graph Theory study | |
| pengfei Zhang1, wanjun Hu1, jun Wang1, guangyao Liu1, jing Zhang1, and kai Ai2 | ||
1LanZhou University Second Hospital, lanzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Xi'an, China |
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To test the advantages of multiband (MB) over single band echo planar imaging (EPI) acquisition schemes from the whole brain network level by using graph theory. Our results demonstrated that MB resting-state functional MRI (MB rs-fMRI) may provide much more insightful information than conventional rs-fMRI. |
| 3139 | Locating seed automatically in posterior cingulate cortex for resting state fMRI data analysis by using unsupervised machine learning | |
| Mingyi Li1, Katherine Koenig1, Jian Lin1, and Mark Lowe1 | ||
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We developed an automatic pipeline to generate seed clusters and corresponding connectivity maps for rs-fMRI data analysis by using unsupervised machine learning method. It only needed manual participation in the very end to review the candidate seed cluster locations and connectivity maps to make decision. Seeds in our pipeline were determined functionally within large pre-defined ROI which could be derived by using automatic brain segmentation tools like FreeSurfer or image registration. Successful application of the pipeline to locate seeds in PCC of control subjects and patients will be presented in this abstract. |
| 3140 | Group cohesive parcellation results in superior functional-based parcellation with greater parcel-level parsimony than current approaches | |
| Ajay Nemani1 and Mark Lowe1 | ||
1Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Cohesive parcellation aims to produce parcels whose member voxels highly correlate to the parcel’s mean (exemplar) time series. The previously presented single subject version of cohesive parcellation is improved and extended to the group level using a novel hybrid parallel hierarchical framework. The resulting group parcellation compares favorably to traditional anatomical and connectivity-based parcellations over several measures of cluster validity at both the group level and when projected to individual subjects. |
| 3141 | Validation of group cohesive parcellation of rsfMRI | |
| Xuemei Huang1, Ajay Nemani1, and Mark J. Lowe1 | ||
1Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Single-subject cohesive parcellation were done for nine healthy subjects’ rsfMRI data. Based on motion quality, the best data for six subjects was used for group cohesive parcellation. The parcellation was in a leave one out cross validation. DICE scores were similar to intra-subject cross-validation and significantly better than random parcellation. |
| 3142 | Individual-level parcellation of the human auditory cortex and comparison of their functional connectivity pattern | |
| Hyebin Lee1,2, Kyoungseob Byeon1,2, Sean H. Lee3, and Hyunjin Park2,4 | ||
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 4School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Determination of the exact location and extent of a brain area at an individual level is crucial but challenging in in-vivo neuroimaging studies. We developed an analysis pipeline to parcellate the primary auditory cortex and its vicinity at an individual level with diffusion tensor imaging. Resulting three clusters, the central cluster and the two other flanking clusters, exhibited distinct functional connectivity patterns with the rest of the whole brain indicating that these clusters contribute to different functional networks. |
| 3143 | Inter-group Heterogeneity of Regional Homogeneity (REHO) | |
| Yan Jiang1, Mohammed Ayoub Alaoui Mhamdi1, and Russell Butler1,2 | ||
1Bishop's University, sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Diagnostic Radiology, University of Sherbrooke, sherbrooke, QC, Canada |
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Differences in REHO across groups may not be indicative of differences in neuronal activity. In this study, we investigate physiological contributions to REHO across 412 subjects in 9 separate datasets downloaded from OpenNeuro. Overall, we find the following: Inverse correlation between heartrate and REHO across subjects, inverse correlation between respiration and REHO across time, and differences in REHO across groups is driven primarily by FWHM of data and motion. We conclude that, due to REHO’s highly significant correlation with motion, heartrate, and respiration, REHO should be used with caution to infer differences in neuronal activity across groups. |
| 3144 | Optimizing connectome-based real-time neurofeedback for improved attentional control | |
| Xiangrui Li1, Oyetunde Gbadeyan 1, and Ruchika Shaurya Prakash1 | ||
1Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Brain Imaging, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States |
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In this proof-of-concept study, we conducted an optimization assessment of predictive models for use with real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging. Here, we utilized two existing connectome-based models of sustained attention and mind-wandering derived in independent datasets, with each model comprising connections predictive of positive or negative associations with target behavior. Both models showed significant networks strengths across the blocks of the sustained attention task, with the combined model showing significant network strengths and capturing vigilance decrements. Our results suggest that our two models are representative of high and low attentional states, thus making them appropriate targets for neurofeedback. |
| 3145 | A quality-control database for the resting-state young-adult human connectome project | |
| Daniele Mascali1,2, Antonio Maria Chiarelli1, Richard Geoffrey Wise1, and Federico Giove2 | ||
1Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D'Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, 2Centro Fermi - Museo storico della fisica e Centro studi e ricerche Enrico Fermi, Rome, Italy |
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The human connectome project collected resting-state data from over 1000 healthy young-adult subjects. Looking beyond its original purpose, this database represents a valuable resource for benchmarking denoising pipelines. Unfortunately, quality control data for selecting scans with opposite noise characteristics, such as scans with extremely low or high head motion, are not publicly available. Here, we explored the entire resting-state human connectome project to provide researchers with a database of quality control metrics. Using the database, we constructed two instances of samples with suitable features for benchmarking purposes. |
| 3146 | EEG Quantum Microstates correlate with resting state fMRI networks | |
| Sneha Vaishali Senthil1, Vijayakumar Chinnadurai1, Ardaman Kaur1, Pawan Kumar1, Prabhjot Kaur1, and Maria D Souza1 | ||
1NMR Division, Institute for Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India |
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Association between slowly varying rs-fMRI networks and rapidly varying topographical EEG microstates is yet to be explored. We propose a novel quantum microstate-based clustering approach to assess quasi-stable patterns in resting state-EEG signals and analyze their association with rs-fMRI networks (RSNs). Clustering results were estimated by constructing a scale-space probability function from dynamic EEG potentials and the eigenstates in Hilbert space was assessed. These quantum-EEG microstate informed RSNs exhibited correlation with frontoparietal, posterior DMN, executive, visual and sensori-motor networks. The sub-second coherent neural activation within global large-scale functional brain networks may help investigate different mental health states. |
| 3147 | The effects of one rTMS session on the left DLPFC on episodic future thinking: preliminary results. | |
| Peter Van Schuerbeek1, Linde De Wandel2, Sam Bonduelle3, Djamila Bennabi4, and Chris Baeken3 | ||
1Radiology, UZ Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium, 2Head and Skin, UGent, Ghent, Belgium, 3Psychiatry, UZ Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium, 4Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Bourgogne, France |
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Episodic future thinking (EFT) is the ability to imagine events to occur in one’s personal future. In this study, we studied the interaction of one rTMS session on the left DLPFC with EFT on the connectivity between areas from the DMN, the hippocampus and the amygdalae. All participants performed an EFT task before and 1 hour after a real or sham rTMS session during a fMRI scan. Our preliminary results showed interesting changes in the connectivity between the MPFC and right LP with both amygdalae. However, more data is needed to strengthen these results. |
| 3148 | Tracing effects of breath-training on healthy brains using RS-fMRI | |
| hacer dasgin1, naciye vardar yagli2, melda saglam2, and kader karli oguz3 | ||
1National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 2The Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, 3Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey |
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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) on brain activity in healthy people using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Participants were assigned into a training group (n=14), which consisted of 2 subgroups, namely sham group (n=7) and treatment group (n=7) and their native a baseline (n=14) group. Apart from global correlations, brain intrinsic networks differences between groups and subgroups were also examined. Compared to the baseline and sham there was a decrease in global BOLD signal changes and more localized clusters of activation in the treatment group. |
| 3149 | Functional connectivity markers of cross-modal inhibition: Effects of auditory and visual stimulation on homo- and hetero-modal brain networks | |
| Anissa L. Ramadhani1,2, Ali-Reza Mohammadi-Nejad1,2,3, Katrin Krumbholz2,4, and Dorothee Auer1,2,3 | ||
1Radiological Sciences, DCN, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2SPMIC, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham BRC, Queens Medical Ctr, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Hearing Sciences, DCN, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have suggested that neural variability and connectivity (temporal coherence) are generally reduced during active versus passive (or resting) brain states. In this study, we investigate if this reduction in brain coherence is a supra-modal or modality-specific effect. For that, we compared BOLD signal during rest and whilst performing a continuous auditory or visual task. Our results suggest that task-induced reduction in brain coherence occurs only in default-mode and hetero-modal brain regions. |
| 3150 | Characteristics of frequency specificity associated with memory cognition. | |
| Himanshu Singh1, S Senthil Kumaran1, A Ankeeta1, and Shefali Chaudhary1 | ||
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Spoken word and its underlying semantic cognition has a complex interaction and is an unexplored domain. We designed a 1-back auditory working memory task to understand the semantic context, where individual’s frequency characteristics are quantified through audiometric tests. Task connectome analysis is parametrically modulated with frequency parameters to highlight the effect of frequency specificity, to distinguish the characteristics of auditory cognition from perception to cognition aspect. The semantic cognition is associated to frequency specific nature of stimuli. |
| 3151 | Locus coeruleus is associated with brain state switching | |
| Sana Hussain1, Isaac Menchaca1, Mahsa Alizadeh Shalchy2, Kimia C. Yaghoubi2, Jason Langley3, Aaron R. Seitz2, Megan A.K. Peters4, and Xiaoping P. Hu1,3 | ||
1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 3Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 4Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States |
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Locus coeruleus (LC) is involved in attention and other brain functions. We ascertained how LC activity up-regulation affects brain states derived from a hidden Markov model. Upon up-regulating LC activity, we found increased pupil size during state switching. This may indicate an increase in LC activation during the state switching process. Specifically, significant interactions between state and condition were observed when transitioning into the default mode network, but not into attention networks. The lack of interaction may be due to LC already being active during transitions into the attention network. |
| 3152 | Dynamic nature of resting networks across different brain states in auditory attentional framework. | |
| Himanshu Singh1, S Senthil Kumaran1, and A Ankeeta1 | ||
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Understanding the hemodynamic signature of experience elucidating cognition is an important feature of dynamic functional connectivity. Quantification of such dynamic microstate may play a role across neuro disorders. We employed a rest-task-rest design of Navon paradigm with auditory load to highlight the feature of dynamic networks specific to task. Quantifying perception stage of stimuli reveal dynamic interaction limited to task specific attention and information processing networks (even across resting phase) and predict dynamic nature across brain states. |
| 3153 | Frequency heterogeneity of semantic language perception in auditory cognition. | |
| S Senthil Kumaran1, Himanshu Singh1, A Ankeeta1, and Shefali Chaudhary1 | ||
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Specificity of semantic cognition to characteristics of audio information is a complex interaction of executive and sensory networks. A 2-back auditory working memory task and audiometric assessments were analysed to study the information processing of semantic cognition. A gPPI analysis with frequency modulation were computed for connectome analysis. Interaction of network with respect to the frequency exhibited significant correlation for modulated frequency domain and no interaction for characteristic frequency domain, which suggest frequency heterogeneity during semantic language processing. |
| 3154 | KIBRA rs17070145 interacts with gender on brain gray matter volume and functional connectivity density in healthy young adults | |
| Junxia Wang1, Sichu Wu2, Jiaming Lu1, Jilei Zhang3, Zhao Qing1,4, and Bing Zhang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 2The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 4Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China |
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KIBRA rs17070145 and gender have been found to have associations with episodic memory. However, the underlying mechanisms and their combined effects on the brain gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity density (FCD) remain unknown. This study found that KIBRA gene interacted with gender on the GMV and long-range FCD (lrFCD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. These findings underscored the importance of KIBRA and gender interactions as regards to brain structural and functional alterations, which is crucial for the neurobiological understanding of episodic memory. |
| 3155 | Global Connectivity of the Cerebellum Predicts Slow Wave Sleep Improvement: A Randomized Controlled Acupuncture Trial | |
| Ran Pang1,2, Xi Wu3, Yuchen Chi4, Rommy Elyan5, Xianke Luo6, Zhigang Chen6, Qingxian Yang2, Karunanayaka Prasanna7, and Kuncheng Li8 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Department of Acupuncture, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 4Department of Otolaryngology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 5Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, PA, USA, Hershey, PA, United States, 6Department of Neurology, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China, 7Department of Radiology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 8Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China |
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The cerebellum is an important brain structure for sleep. We identified a global connectivity mechanism with which the cerebellum coordinates and controls sleep-related networks. Global connectivity of the cerebellum showed a highly selective relationship with individual differences in slow-wave sleep (SWS) improvements, after both verum and sham acupuncture treatments. Cerebellar connectivity with the thalamus differed significantly between treatment types. Highlighting its ability to distinguish amongst processes central to sham and verum treatments. Our findings suggest a particular architecture for the cerebellum: a flexible global hub with a brain-wide influence, supporting both circadian rhythms and sleep homeostasis. |
| 3156 | Dynamic functional network connectivity differences and its association with neurocognitive changes in cirrhotic patients | |
| Jia Yan Shi1, Zhong Shuai Zhang2, and Hua Jun Chen1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2SIEMENS Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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We aimed to explore dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) differences and to elucidate their association with neurocognitive changes in cirrhotic patients. Sliding window correlation approach was employed to calculate dFNC. FNC states were determined by k-means clustering method, and then state analysis was conducted. The patients showed decreased FNC in State 2 and state 3. The patients spent significantly longer time in State 4 that was with weakest FNC. We observed a significant correlation between Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score and fraction time/mean dwell time in State 4. Aberrant dFNC may be the underlying mechanism of neurocognitive impairments in cirrhosis. |
| 3157 | Altered cortical-striatal network in patients with hemifacial spasm | |
| Wenwen Gao1, Lei Du1, Bing Liu1, Yue Chen1, Yige Wang1, Xiuxiu Liu1, Lizhi Xie 2, and Guolin Ma1 | ||
1China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2GE healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a motor disorder. The purpose of this study was to explore the alterations of the cortical-striatal network in HFS using resting-state fMRI. We found that the functional connectivity (FC) between the putamen and ventral striatum and both motor and emotion-related cortex was increased in patients with HFS compared to the healthy controls. The FC between the ventral striatum and the motor cortex was positively correlated with the spasm intensity. To sum up, HFS may lead to altered neural activity in the cortical-striatal loop. |
| 3158 | Alterations in regional and network-level neural function in patients with HCV infection and its association with cognitive dysfunction | |
| Jia Yan Shi1, Zhong Shuai Zhang2, and Hua Jun Chen1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2SIEMENS Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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We aimed to investigate alterations in regional and network-level neural function in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and examine the association between these alterations and patients’ cognition dysfunction. HCV-infected patients performed significantly worse in the cognitive tests. In the HCV group, amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) decreased in two prefrontal regions (Region-1and Region-2). The HCV group showed lower FC between the Region-1 and right middle frontal gyrus; whereas they presented an increase in FC between Region-2 and bilateral parietal-temporal cortex. HCV infection affects brain function, including local intrinsic neural activity and global functional integration. |
| 3159 | Brain structural and functional reorganization in tinnitus patients without hearing loss after sound therapy: a preliminary longitudinal study | |
| Qian Chen1, Han Lv1, Zhaodi Wang2, and Zhenchang Wang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China |
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Idiopathic tinnitus patients experienced significant differences in auditory-related and nonauditory-related brain reorganization before and after sound therapy (narrow band noise), that is, sound therapy may have a significant effect on brain reorganization in patients with idiopathic tinnitus. |
| 3160 | Altered small-world, functional brain networks in patients with postherpetic neuralgia | |
| jian jiang1 and yanwei miao1 | ||
1The first affiliated hospital of Dalian medical university, Dalian, China |
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This study investigated the link between PHN and the small-world properties of functional networks within the brain. |
| 3161 | Clavulanic Acid Alters Functional Connectivity of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Subjects with Cocaine Use Disorder: A Pilot fMRI Study | |
| Helene L Philogene-Khalid1,2, Eric M Cunningham1, Mary F Morrison1,2, and Nicolas R Bolo3,4 | ||
1Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States, 4Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Unlike alcohol and nicotine, there is no FDA-approved pharmacological treatment for cocaine use disorder (CoCUD). The purpose of this study was to investigate clavulanic acid (CLAV), a GLT-1 activator, for its potential to treat CoCUD. Resting state fMRI was used to assess changes in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) functional connectivity with repeated CLAV for 10 days. CLAV altered the connectivity of ACC with default mode network, motor control, and addiction cue reactivity related regions. This pilot study supports the development of CLAV for CoCUD treatment. |
| 3162
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Can familial Alzheimer variability affect brain networks? Exploration through Osaka Ab variant inoculation in mice. | |
| Marina Celestine1, Jean-Baptiste Pérot1, Muriel Jacquier-sarlin2, Karine Cambon1, Julien Flament1, Alain Buisson2, Anne-Sophie Hérard1, and Marc Dhenain1 | ||
1Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Laboratoire des Maladies Neurodégénératives, Fontenay-aux-roses, France, 2University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences (GIN), Grenoble, France |
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Early brain dysfunctions found in Alzheimer's disease are due to soluble pathological forms of b-amyloid peptide (Aβ). Among the familial Aβ mutations, the Osaka-Aβ variant is characterized by the intraneuronal accumulation of toxic Aβ without forming extracellular Aβ deposition. It affects synaptic function by modulating excitatory pathways leading to memory defects. Here, we performed a multimodal study to unveil brain network signatures of the pathology. Combining resting-state fMRI, gluCEST and diffusion analysis, we revealed that exposition to Osaka-Aβ leads to abnormal brain connectivity through impairment of the default mode and the hippocampal-memory networks. |
| 3163 | Changes in Gray Matter Volume and Functional Connectivity of Obese Females with Acupuncture and Diet Control Therapy: Placebo Effect or Not? | |
| Jiawei Han1, Hui Zhang2, Junqi Xu2, Fanwen Wang2, Jian Gao3,4, Weibo Chen5, Hongmei Yan6, and He Wang1,2 | ||
1Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Nutrition, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 4Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 5Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 6Department of Endocrinology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China |
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Weight loss is a stressful process for obese women, and effects on their physiology and psychology vary from different methods to lose weight. Acupuncture is a relatively easy and effective way, but its mechanism is still unclear. To investigate these phenomena, 16 obese females were recruited to participate in this MRI study. Our results show that the weight loss methods of acupuncture and diet control increase gray matter volume in different regions, and the influence of acupuncture for functional connectivity might be lighter, which is likely to reveal the acupuncture principles and the psychological impact on patients. |
| 3164 | The Changes in Longitudinal ALFF and ReHo Values of Methamphetamine Abstinence Subjects Based on Harvard-Oxford Atlas | |
| Yanyao Du1, Ru Yang1, Wenhan Yang1, Huiting Zhang2, and Jun Liu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China, 2MR Scientific Marking, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Wuhan, China |
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This study aimed to explore the changes of amplitude low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values nearly one-year before and after abstinence in patients with Methamphetamine Abstinence (MA), and to investigate potential imaging markers related to withdrawal based on Harvard-Oxford Atlas. Compared with short-term abstinence group, right middle frontal gyrus (8) and right inferior frontal gyrus, pars triangularis (10) had significantly higher ALFF value at long-term abstinence group. The ALFF value of the two regions may be a new biomarker which can reflect the impact of withdrawal on brain function. |
| 3365 | Functional connectome of arousal and motor brainstem nuclei using 7 Tesla resting-state fMRI in living humans | |
| Kavita Singh1, Simone Cauzzo1,2, Maria Guadalupe Garcia Gomar1, Matthew Stauder1, Nicola Vanello3, Claudio Passino2,4, and Marta Bianciardi1 | ||
1Brainstem Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 2Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Institute of Life Sciences, Pisa, Italy, 3Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 4Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy |
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For a holistic understanding of sleep, arousal and associated motor processes, we investigated the resting-state functional connectivity of 18 arousal and motor brainstem nuclei in living humans by the use of high spatial-resolution 7 Tesla resting-state fMRI, as well as a recently developed in-vivo probabilistic atlas of these nuclei in standard space. Further, we verified the translatability of our brainstem connectome approach to conventional (e.g. 3 Tesla) fMRI. Results provided comprehensive and augmented brainstem-brain connectome to understand mechanisms of arousal-motor function in health and disease conditions and its translatability in clinical settings. |
| 3366 | Motor preparatory inhibition is reflected as a layer dependent suppression in the human primary motor cortex | |
| Yinghua Yu1,2, Ikuhiro Kida1,2, and Nobuhiro Hagura1,2 | ||
1Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka, Japan, 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan |
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In humans, corticospinal excitability is reduced when preparing for an action; i.e. motor preparatory inhibition. Functional relevance of this inhibition has been proposed, however, the site where the actual inhibition occurs, either at the primary motor cortex (M1) or at the downstream spinal-circuit, is still unclear. By measuring vascular space occupancy (VASO) with 7T fMRI, we investigated the direct signature of preparatory inhibition of neural activity across M1 cortical layers. Our preliminary analysis showed that preparation was associated with a reduced activity of the superficial layers of M1. Motor preparatory inhibition likely takes place in M1 in a layer-dependent manner. |
| 3367 | Investigating in-vivo function of Zebrin-II stripes of the cerebellum using tactile stimulation and prediction. | |
| Lenno R. P. T. Ruijters1, Nikos Priovoulos1, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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The functional organization of the cerebellar cortex is largely unexplored in-vivo. However, connectivity studies suggest it is organized in successive Zebrin-II positive and negative stripes that receive descending signals from the cerebrum and ascending input from the peripheral nervous system respectively. To examine this stripe-based functional organization we used a tactile-stimulation experiment with actual (bottom-up) and predicted (top-down) stimulation at 7T. This paradigm gives reliable responses to predicted and experienced stimuli. Our fMRI results suggest that there is a spatial separation in the cerebellum between these two processes in line with the hypothesised relation between function and Zebrin-II stripes. |
| 3368 | Temporal deviant detection in human auditory cortex using high-field fMRI | |
| Miriam Heynckes1, Elia Formisano1,2, Peter De Weerd1, and Federico De Martino1 | ||
1Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Layer-fMRI probes the mesoscopic neural architecture in humans non-invasively. We studied the behavioral relevance of layer-specific processing by investigating temporal deviance detection in the auditory system. Preliminary results indicate increased response in superficial layers to a temporal deviant, in line with a feedback signal entering superficial layers during deviant detection. |
| 3369 | Layer-specific activation of prediction in the human midcingulate cortex | |
| Jiajia Yang1,2, Masaki Fukunaga3, Yinghua Yu2,4, Laurentius Huber5, Peter A Bandettini2, and Norihiro Sadato3 | ||
1Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan, 2Section on Functional Imaging Methods, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan, 4Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Japan, 5Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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The human brain is constantly generating and updating predictions. The midcingulate cortex (MCC) is one of the areas that contribute to prediction processing, while MCC layer-specific function remains unknown. In the present study, we used a tactile index finger prediction task that consists of sequential finger poking during high-resolution (0.76mm) BOLD and VASO fMRI at 7T to investigate how the prediction activity changes across layers in the human MCC. We found the double-peak activity feature across MCC layers for all prediction tasks, and the enhanced activity within MCC superficial layers may reflect the prediction error processing. |
| 3370 | Where is the Pain in the Brain? Functional MRI of Saliency versus Nociception at 7.0 Tesla en route to Diagnostic Biomarkers of Pain | |
| Gijs J. Heij1,2, Joao Periquito1, Haopeng Han1, Antje Els1, Thoralf Niendorf1,3, and Henning M. Reimann1 | ||
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 2Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany |
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Identifying diagnostic biomarkers of pain is of utmost clinical importance. This is challenging since similar fMRI patterns are elicited by painful and equisalient non-painful stimuli at 3T. To decipher pain-specificity this work uses 7T high-resolution fMRI of (1) salient non-painful versus painful stimuli, (2) different types of painful stimuli in "healthy" controls versus (3) a subject with a genetically-induced pain-free phenotype. We found that canonical HRF modeling is insufficient to reliably capture the shape of elicited BOLD responses that further varied in correlation to perceived saliency. |
| 3371 | In vivo mapping of human locus coeruleus functional connectivity at 7T: a feasibility study | |
| Michela Pievani1, Ileana O. Jelescu2, Joao Jorge3, Olivier Reynaud4, Federica Ribaldi1,5,6, Valentina Garibotto7, Giovanni B. Frisoni1,5, and Jorge Jovicich8 | ||
1Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Neuroimaging and Epidemiology, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy, 2CIBM - Center for Biomedical Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Systems Division, Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology (CSEM), Nêuchatel, Switzerland, 4Human Neuroscience Platform, Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 5Memory Clinic and LANVIE - Laboratory of Neuroimaging of Aging, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 6Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 7Division of Nuclear Medicine and NIMTlab, University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 8Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy |
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The locus coeruleus (LC) is a brainstem nucleus whose functional disruption may be an early signature of Alzheimer’s disease. Potentially due to its small size, mixed results exist about its functional connectivity to core memory, attention and salience networks. This limits a baseline definition for patient studies. Here we use high-resolution high-field resting-state fMRI to investigate the pattern of LC connectivity in healthy young subjects. Preliminary findings show positive correlations with the cerebellum and the frontal cortex. The default mode and frontoparietal networks, but not the salience network, show FC with the brainstem. Data acquisition is ongoing. |
| 3372 | Multi-centre, multi-vendor 7 Tesla fMRI reproducibility of hand digit representation in the human somatosensory cortex | |
| Ian D Driver1, Rosa M Sanchez Panchuelo2, Olivier Mougin2, Michael Asghar2, James Kolasinski1, William T Clarke3, Catarina Rua4, Andrew T Morgan5, Adrian Carpenter4, Keith Muir5, David Porter5, Christopher T Rodgers4, Stuart Clare3, Richard G Wise1,6,7, Richard Bowtell2, and Susan T Francis2 | ||
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 6Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. D’Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy, 7Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, "G. D’Annunzio University" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy |
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This study compares within- and across-site reproducibility of 7 Tesla somatomotor fMRI using a travelling wave task to map the hand and individual digit localization at high spatial resolution. We performed a “travelling-heads” study acquiring data on Siemens Magnetom, Siemens Terra and Philips Achieva whole-body 7 Tesla MRI systems at five sites. Simple harmonization of the EPI sequence protocol was performed. We show metrics of intra- and inter-site variability of digit representations, with good reproducibility observed across sites. These results demonstrate the potential benefits of multi-site 7T fMRI studies for digit mapping where large cohorts are required. |
| 3373 | Dependence of CBV estimated from 7T Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast data on white matter tract and cortical gray matter orientation relative to B0 | |
| Jonathan R. Polimeni1,2, Olivia M. Viessmann1, Qiyuan Tian1, Michaël Bernier1, Meher R. Juttukonda1, Yi-Fen Yen1, and David H. Salat1,3 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Neuroimaging Research for Veterans Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States |
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Previous studies have reported an orientation effect in DSC data within the white matter in which CBV estimates vary systematically with the orientation of local fiber orientation. Other studies have reported similar orientation effects in BOLD fMRI data both with respect to white-matter fiber orientation and gray-matter cortical orientation. Here we extend these findings by investigating orientation effects in gray and white matter in DSC-based CBV estimates. We find strong effects in both brain regions consistent with both groups of prior studies, corroborating previous interpretations that the observed BOLD effects in the white matter are vascular in origin. |
| 3374 | Combining BOLD and CBV for enhanced fMRI CNR | |
| An Thanh Vu1,2, Alexander JS Beckett3,4, Jennifer Townsend3,4, Salvatore Torrisi3,4, and David Feinberg3,4 | ||
1Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2San Francisco Veteran Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States, 4Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States |
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In this 7T study, we investigate the constructive combination of the BOLD and CBV weighted timeseries of EPI and GRASE based Vascular Space Occupancy (VASO) sequences for enhanced fMRI CNR. Activations from this BOLD+CBV combination resulted in 9% greater t-values as well as, on average, 39% more above-threshold voxels, relative to traditional BOLD. Although this combination method resulted in reduced microvascular specificity for EPI based VASO, for GRASE based VASO, the middle layers were predominantly enhanced, suggesting minimal loss in specificity. Advantageously, this technique does not require re-acquisition of data or modifications to pulse sequence parameters of the VASO sequence. |
| 3375 | Combining functional and structural information for optimal planning during ultrahigh temporal resolution line-scanning | |
| Jurjen Heij1, Luisa Raimondo1, Jeroen C.W. Siero1,2, Serge O Dumoulin1,3, Wietske van der Zwaag1, and Tomas Knapen1,3 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Depth-resolved
fMRI is an emerging field growing in popularity given the potential of
separating feedforward from feedback signals. When employing line-scanning
methods, we sacrifice coverage in order to sample BOLD-responses with ultra-high
temporal and spatial resolution. With a limited field-of-view being targeted,
one needs to know precisely where to place the line. Here we describe a multi-session
approach that combines functional and structural information for an optimal
acquisition of line-scanning data based on user-defined properties. We show its
feasibility of obtaining hemodynamic response functions of a specific cortical
patch.
|
| 3376 | Mapping of Whole-brain Resting-State Networks with Half-millimetre Resolution using TR-external EPIK at 7T | |
| Seong Dae Dae Yun1, Patricia Pais-Roldán1, Nicola Palomero-Gallagher2,3,4, and N. Jon Shah1,5,6,7 | ||
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 1, INM-1, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 3C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany, 4Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 5Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 6JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 7Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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Mapping of resting-state networks has been performed in numerous studies to investigate overall brain function and its underlying connectivity. However, attempts to acquire resting-state fMRI data with high spatial resolution have been hampered by the current technical limitations. The spatial resolution from recent submillimetre-resolution fMRI studies still remains around 0.7 × 0.7 × 0.7 mm3, with only partial brain coverage. This work employs a novel high-resolution fMRI method, TR-external EPIK, to perform resting-state fMRI with half-millimetre in-plane resolution and whole-brain coverage at 7T. Various resting-state networks over the whole-brain have been identified with high mapping fidelity onto the cortical ribbon. |
| 3377 | New Frontiers of Human Neuroscience: 0.5 mm isotropic 7T in Vivo Human fMRI | |
| Luca Vizioli1,2, Logan T Dowdle1, Steen Moeller1, Essa Yacoub1, and Kamil Ugurbil1 | ||
1CMRR, University of Minnesota, minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Of Minnesota, minneapolis, MN, United States |
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The goal of 0.1μL voxel resolution for human fMRI set by the BRAIN Initiative has thus far been nearly impossible to reach, due to the overwhelming thermal noise contribution at such high spatial resolutions. Here we show that, with the recently developed denoising algorithm NORDIC, we are able to achieve robust functional activation to visual stimuli at 0.5 mm isotropic (0.125μL) voxel resolution at 7T field strengths with only 20 minutes of data, a results that is unobtainable with conventional data reconstruction. Preliminary layer findings show a central peak, suggesting that this may dramatically improve quantification of depth-dependent activation profiles. |
| 3378 | Multi-echo line-scanning for ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution: optimal settings for BOLD sensitivity enhancement | |
| Luisa Raimondo1, Jurjen Heij1, Tomas Knapen1,2, Serge O. Dumoulin1,3, Jeroen C.W. Siero1,4, and Wietske van der Zwaag1 | ||
1Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Experimental and Applied Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 4Radiology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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We present multi-echo line-scanning fMRI results in humans. The potential of this technique lies in the combination of both high spatial and temporal resolution while sacrificing spatial coverage outside the region of interest. We reached a 250 μm resolution along the line direction with a temporal resolution of ~100 ms. We compared BOLD sensitivity and tSNR of 5 different multi-echo acquisitions to select the optimal protocol, and three methods for echo combination. Although differences were small, the 5 echo protocol and tSNR-weighted combination were found to yield the highest BOLD sensitivity in a visual cortex ROI. |
| 3379 | Laminar analysis of luminance-dependent visual activation in human V1 with voxel centroid mapping method | |
| Hankyeol Lee1, Seong-Gi Kim1,2, and Kâmil Uludağ1,2,3 | ||
1Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Techna Institute & Koerner Scientist in MR Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Luminance-dependent laminar activation analysis in human V1 is presented. White and black dot-shaped visual stimuli were used to evoke BOLD responses in the early visual cortex. Traditional on/off block stimulation paradigm and continuous stimulation paradigm without interleaved rest periods were used. With voxel centroid mapping, where each voxel’s relative cortical depth is estimated, activation ROIs across multiple image slices and subjects can be analyzed collectively with minimum smoothing and no resampling of functional data. Results show black-dominant responses in V1, with laminar profiles from continuous stimulation emphasizing the role of middle layers by minimizing the effect of ascending vein drainage. |
| 3380 | Optimization of simultaneous multislice (SMS) technique for submillimeter whole brain functional MRI at 7T | |
| Baolian Yang1, Graeme McKinnon2, and Brice Fernandez3 | ||
1MR, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Buc, France |
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Through the optimization of simultaneous multislice (SMS) technique, a 0.8mm3 whole brain resting state fMRI data with minimum distortion was acquired to show the benefit of doing fMRI study at ultra-high field. |
| 3381 | Shot-wise separate motion correction and ICA denoising for BISEPI high-resolution fMRI study at 7T | |
| Guoxiang Liu1,2, Adnan Shah1,2, Takashi Ueguchi1,2, and Seiji Ogawa1,3 | ||
1CiNet, NICT, Osaka, Japan, 2Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 3Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan |
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Shot-wise separate motion correction is presented for BISEPI (Block-Interleaved Segmented EPI)-based high-resolution fMRI at 7T. Artifacts caused by subject motion during longer acquisition time of one volume than normal multi-shot EPI reduces the performance of BISEPI. The proposed k-space motion correction (KMoCo) method calculates and corrects the motion during the shot-wise acquisition of each volume separately. We also performed ICA denoising on the KMoCo data. The proposed method improves temporal SNR, the number of detected active voxels, and localization of brain activity in high-resolution fMRI at 7T |
| 3382 | Pipeline for processing EEG data acquired during block-design simultaneous EEG-fMRI-ASL study | |
| Balu Krishnan1, Wanyong Shin2, Ajay Nemani2, Anna Crawford2, and Mark Lowe2 | ||
1Epilepsy Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, CLEVELAND, OH, United States, 2Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, CLEVELAND, OH, United States |
||
EEG data acquired during simultaneous EEG-fMRI studies are prone to environmental and physiological artifacts. In this study, we detail an EEG artifact reduction pipeline for a block design task paradigm during a BOLD/ASL sequence. Briefly, the pipeline consists of removal of MR and cardioballistic artifact, ICA based correction for removing eyeblink and residual scanner artifacts, and source modeling of EEG data to remove additional artifacts. Pipeline was tested on 7 subjects (6 multiple sclerosis patients and 1 normal-control). The EEG data processed using the pipeline shows high fidelity and is comparable to similar data acquired outside the scanner. |
| 3383 | Are BOLD signal amplitude and synchronous low frequency fluctuations of EEG power related? | |
| Wanyong Shin1, Balu Krishnan2, Ajay Nemani1, Anna Crawford1, and Mark J Lowe1 | ||
1Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Epilepsy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
||
Resting state motor network is investigated using EEG theta to beta ratio (TBR) and compared with calibrated fMRI. |
| 3384 | Deriving an EEG model to predict the activity of the default mode network measured by fMRI | |
| Marta Xavier1, Inês Esteves1, Athanasios Vourvopoulos1, Ana R Fouto1, Amparo Ruiz-Tagle1, Raquel Gil-Gouveia2, and Patrícia Figueiredo1 | ||
1Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Systems and Robotics, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Neurology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal |
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We investigated an integration strategy whereby relevant EEG features are extracted and linear models learnt so as to predict the Default Mode Network activity measured by simultaneous fMRI. We compared the performance of four models: root-mean-squared frequency (RMSF), total power (TP), linear combination of band-specific power (LC), and weighted degree of the functional connectivity network built from the band-specific imaginary part of coherency of the EEG cross-spectrum (WD-ICoh). Models were estimated using elastic net regularization and were found to predict the target BOLD signal with fairly good correlations. Although these varied significantly across models, WD-ICoh outperformed the remaining models. |
| 3385 | Optimizing EEG source reconstruction with concurrent fMRI-derived spatial priors | |
| Rodolfo Abreu1, Júlia F. Soares1, Sónia Batista2,3, Lívia Sousa2,3, Miguel Castelo-Branco1,3, and João Valente Duarte1,3 | ||
1Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 2Neurology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal, 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal |
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There is no consensus regarding the optimal EEG source reconstruction algorithm, nor a systematic comparison between sets of fMRI-derived spatial priors to be included in the inversion models. We compared four inversion algorithms, each with three sets of fMRI-derived spatial priors consisting of task activation maps, resting-state networks and, for the first time, dynamic functional connectivity states. We found that combining a beamformer with these priors improves the reconstruction quality, especially in terms of the overlap with task-related brain regions of interest and RSN templates. Our results may guide more informatively the selection of the optimal EEG source reconstruction approach. |
| 3386 | Evaluation of ECG-derived respiration signals in simultaneous EEG-fMRI acquisitions | |
| Inês Esteves1, Ana R. Fouto1, Amparo Ruiz-Tagle1, Athanasios Vourvopoulos1, Marta Xavier1, Nuno A. Silva2, Raquel Gil-Gouveia3, Agostinho Rosa1, and Patrícia Figueiredo1 | ||
1ISR-Lisboa and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico – Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Learning Health, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal, 3Neurology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, Portugal |
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Physiological noise correction of the BOLD signal requires information concerning the cardiac and respiratory activity. For EEG-fMRI, the burden of performing extra recordings may be alleviated by retrieving an ECG-derived respiratory signal (EDR). This work aimed to evaluate different methods for EDR estimation and subsequent derivation of fMRI respiratory regressors, by comparison with the measured respiratory signal, for EEG-fMRI. The feasibility of EDR estimation was demonstrated, with KPCA and PCA methods achieving the best performance. Nevertheless, similarities between EDRs and respiration were not directly reflected by the regressors, and the impact of using EDR-based respiratory regressors should be further examined. |
| 3387 | Closed-Loop tACS-fMRI: Online Optimization of tACS Stimulation to Enhance Fronto-parietal Connectivity | |
| Beni Mulyana1,2, Aki Tsuchiyagaito1, Jared Smith1, Masaya Misaki1, Samuel Cheng2, Martin Paulus1, Hamed Ekhtiari1, and Jerzy Bodurka1 | ||
1Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States |
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We designed a closed-loop concurrent transcranial alternating current stimulation and functional MRI (tACS-fMRI) to optimize fronto-parietal fMRI connectivity. Capacity for modulating fMRI connectivity are highly dependent on the transcranial electric stimulation (tES) parameters such as electric current frequency and phase. We proposed closed-loop tACS-fMRI optimization to search and find the tACS parameters resulting in the highest frontoparietal connectivity. Comparing to control group, experimental group shows an increased task-related frontoparietal functional connectivity (FC) during the training runs. The improvements in working memory was observed in participants in experimental tACS group (testing vs baseline run, 2-back task). |
| 3388 | Functional MRI of the excitatory and inhibitory neuromodulations by transcranial magnetic stimulation at the human sensorimotor cortex | |
| Hsin-Ju Lee1,2, Mikko Nyrhinen3, Risto J. Ilmoniemi3, and Fa-Hsuan Lin1,2,3 | ||
1Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland |
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We measured fMRI signals in response to excitatory and inhibitory TMS modulations over the human primary motor cortex (M1) with TMS bursts of high (10- and 30-Hz) and low frequency (0.5-Hz) with a controlled TMS dosage over the 30-s interval, respectively. Excitatory and inhibitory modulations were evidenced by motor evoked potential changes. Significantly increased fMRI signal at M1 was only detected under excitatory high-frequency TMS but not during inhibitory low-frequency TMS. The supplementary motor area (SMA) had significant fMRI signal changes after both kinds of TMS. The topology of the activated M1 and SMA matched those during the voluntary movement. |
| 3389 | Intraoperative arterial spin labeling (iASL) reliably depicts functional networks during neurosurgery | |
| Thomas Lindner1, Hajrullah Ahmeti2, Michael Helle3, Olav Jansen4, Michael Synowitz2, and Stephan Ulmer4,5 | ||
1University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 2Neurosurgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, 3Tomographic Imaging Department, Philips Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany, 4Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, 5Radiology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland |
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Using EPI Arterial Spin Labeling, resting state networks can be mapped during neurosurgery without an additional acquisition of a BOLD scan. |
| 3390 | Visualizing Resting State Networks using Arterial Spin Labeling– Investigating the influence of Label and Control datasets | |
| Thomas Lindner1, Michael Helle2, Olav Jansen3, and Stephan Ulmer3,4 | ||
1University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 2Tomographic Imaging Department, Philips Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, 4Radiology, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland |
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In this study, the effects of separating the label and control condtion from an Arterial Spin Labeling dataset used for resting state mapping was investigated and no differences between the label and the control condition could be found. |
| 3391 | Assessing intersubject BOLD synchronization and BOLD-CBF coupling using movie fMRI | |
| Kaden T Shearer1, Allen A Champagne2, Nicole S Coverdale1, Ingrid S Johnsrude3, and Douglas J Cook4 | ||
1Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, 3The Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 4Department of Surgery, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada |
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Movie fMRI is a promising alternative to resting state paradigms given its ability to evoke predictable patterns of neuronal activation. However, it remains unknown whether increased reliability of cortical activation is accompanied by increased correlation between the BOLD and CBF signals (BOLD-CBF coupling). This study compared the intersubject synchronization of the BOLD signal across 7 functional brain networks between resting state and movie fMRI, as well as potential differences in BOLD-CBF coupling. Movie fMRI significantly improved the reliability of cortical activation between subjects compared to resting state, although no significant differences in BOLD-CBF coupling were documented. |
| 3392 | Dynamic neurometabolic and functional changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in a working memory: a combined 1H fMRS and fMRI study | |
| Hyerin Oh1,2, Ben Babourina-Brooks1,2,3, Adam Berrington2,3, Dorothee P Auer1,2,3, Henryk Faas1,2, and JeYoung Jung4 | ||
1Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen’s Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Dynamic changes in Glx [glutamate + glutamine] and GABA concentrations were investigated in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) during a working memory using fMRS and fMRI at 3T. During the 12 minutes 2-back task Glx showed the trend of increase, while GABA levels remained stable. fMRI confirmed the increased regional activity in the DLPFC during 2-back vs. 0-back task. Importantly, the Glx changes were correlated with the DLPFC BOLD regional activity and task performance during 2-back task. Our results suggest that working memory related Glx changes may be involved in the DLPFC’s functional response and performance in working memory. |
| 3393 | WM motor learning can be detected using low frequency oscillations in time series functional MRI | |
| Tory Frizzell1, Elisha Phull2, Mishaa Khan2, Jodie Gawryluk3, Xiaowei Song2, and Ryan C.N. D'Arcy4 | ||
1Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada, 2Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 3Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, 4Computing Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada |
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A gap exists in developing a sensitive method for detecting functional neuroplasticity in white matter. To investigate this, participants trained on a motor learning task for two weeks and were scanned pre and post training using task based BOLD fMRI and DTI. Low frequency oscillations in time series BOLD data demonstrated that average amplitudes decreased with training in the internal capsule and corpus callosum genu. DTI analysis detected white matter neuroplasticity in internal capsule and corona radiata using fractional anisotropy. The distributed effect of motor learning suggests that multi-modal whole brain approaches will provide a more comprehensive understanding neuroplasticity. |
| 3394 | Cerebrovascular Reactivity Mapping using Resting-State Functional MRI in Patients with gliomas | |
| Mei-Yu Yeh1,2, Henry S Chen2, Ping Hou2, Vinodh A. Kumar3, Jason M Johnson3, Kyle R Noll4, Sujit S Prabhu5, Donald F. Schomer3, and Ho-Ling Liu 2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Houston, TX, United States, 3Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Department of Neuro-oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 55Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Clinical functional MRI (fMRI) can be limited by neurovascular uncoupling (NVU) resulted from the pathology. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) mapping based on BOLD MRI during a hypercapnia task, such as breath hold (BH), has been proposed to indicate the potential NUV. However, BH-MRI is limited by patient’s corporation. Recent studies have suggested that CVR measurement can be derived from resting-state (rs) fMRI that has also been increasing utilized to map functional networks in clinical settings. This study evaluates the CVR mapping with rs-fMRI and compare with BH-MRI in patients with gliomas. |
| 3395 | Long-term stability of cerebrovascular reactivity varies across brain regions | |
| Stefano Moia1,2, Vicente Ferrer1,2, Rachael C Stickland3, Ross Davis Markello4, Eneko Uruñuela1,2, Maite Termenon1, César Caballero-Gaudes1, and Molly G Bright3,5 | ||
1Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, Donostia, Spain, 2University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia, Spain, 3Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The reliability of cerebrovascular reactivity varies across brain regions, but little is known about what factors drive such variability. By leveraging a high-quality precision functional mapping dataset of breath-hold induced cerebrovascular reactivity (7 subjects with 10 sessions each), we assessed how much parcellations describing different architectures (i.e. vascular anatomy, functional networks, subcortical anatomy) could present internal homogeneity, and hence explain these regionally-specific reliability. We found that all architectures taken into account can equally explain these spatial patterns of cerebrovascular reactivity. |
| 3396 | Non-calibrated Equations for Quantification of Local fMRI Signal Changes with Hemodynamic Oxygen Metabolism (CBF and CMRO2) | |
| Linqing Li1, Sean Marrett1, Andy John Derbyshire1, and Peter Bandettini 2 | ||
1Functional MRI Facility/NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Conventional CO2 calibration for quantification functional changes of CMRO2 may be sensitive to the experimental conditions. We derive a nonlinear coupling relationship of CMRO2 and CBF as simple as (CMRO2/CMRO20)=(CBF/CBF0)0.25, when α=0.38, β=1.5, where M-value from calibration is not necessary, from Davis model. Nonlinearity between percentage changes of δ(CMRO2)=CMRO2/CMRO20-1 and δ(CBF)=CBF/CBF0-1, in our equation is shown comparable to two classical models. Calculations of δ(CMRO2), based on our equation, are approximately consistent with previous results from both PET and MRI. Additionally, we prove that when desired, M can be measured directly from BOLD and CBF functional changes instead of CO2 calibration. |
| 3397 | Modeling the vascular influences on BOLD fMRI using in vivo brain vasculature: incorporating vessel diameter, orientation, and susceptibility | |
| Michael Bernier1,2, Jeorg Peter Pfannmoeller1,2, Saskia Bollmann3, Avery J.L. Berman1,2, and Jonathan R Polimeni1,2,4 | ||
1Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, United States |
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We have developed a “forward-model” method to calculate the extravascular fields surrounding the blood vessels of the brain that accounts for the vessel diameter and orientation and estimates the field change with activation using in vivo measures of vessel anatomy and blood susceptibility. |
| 3398 | Biophysical simulations of the BOLD fMRI signal using realistic imaging gradients: Understanding macrovascular contamination in Spin-Echo EPI | |
| Avery JL Berman1,2, Avery JL Berman1,2, Fuyixue Wang1,3, Kawin Setsompop4,5, J. Jean Chen6,7, and Jonathan R Polimeni1,2,3 | ||
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 5Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 6Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada, 7Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We introduce simulations of the BOLD signal that incorporate realistic image encoding gradients to help better understand the role the acquisition window plays on BOLD contrast. We applied this framework to examine the well-known macrovascular R2' contamination in spin-echo EPI BOLD signals as a function of readout duration, vessel diameter, and voxel size using randomly oriented cylinders. To understand large-vessel effects, more realistic anatomy is needed; therefore, we added a large pial vein to random microvascular networks to systematically investigate macrovascular contamination along cortical depths and across columns. This framework reproduced experimentally established results related to the acquisition window duration. |
| 3399 | Numerical simulations to investigate the contribution of arteries and veins to the relative BOLD-fMRI signal change by means of SO2 and CBV changes | |
| Mario Gilberto Baez-Yanez1, Alex Bhogal1, Wouter Schellekens1, Jeroen C.W. Siero1,2, and Natalia Petridou1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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The administration of CO2/O2 gas-challenges during BOLD-fMRI is appealing due to the hemodynamic impact these stimuli have. With the support of computational modeling, arterial gas manipulations can provide a means to separate neuro-vascular signal contributions. Hence, we performed simulations in virtual vascular architectures for different blood volumes and oxygen saturation levels. The effect that these states have on the magnetic field was simulated, separately, for arteries and veins. We present look-up tables to derive the possible vascular contribution responsible for measured BOLD signals in clinical or research fMRI settings including changes in local blood volume, oxygen metabolism or cereberovascular diseases. |
| 3400 | Simulating the BOLD fMRI transverse relaxation at 3 T: How accurate is the 2D approximation? | |
| Jacob Chausse1, Avery J. L. Berman2, and J. Jean Chen1,3 | ||
1Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, North York, ON, Canada, 2A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Biophysical simulations of the BOLD fMRI phenomenon are indispensable for the development of quantitative fMRI techniques. Since the “gold-standard” 3D Monte Carlo simulation approach was proposed, 2D variations that are less computationally intensive have also been suggested. However, these approaches have never been directly compared. In this work, we directly compare the accuracy of 2D approaches against 3D ones, in order to reconcile results from different simulation studies. |