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| 1977 | Computer 161
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Quantitative MRI Measurement of Lung Development in Early Onset Fetal Growth Restriction |
| Janina Schellenberg1, Paponrad Tontivuthikul2, Joanna Chappell1, Nada Mufti2, Dimitra Flouri1, Sebastien Ourselin1, Anna David2, Rosalind Aughwane2, and Andrew Melbourne1 | ||
1King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Data Analysis, Fetus Fetal growth restriction (FGR) occurs when a fetus does not reach its full growth potential, predisposing the fetus to long-term impacts on lung function at birth and into childhood. We propose a novel model of fetal lung tissue based on combined diffusion and relaxation and apply this to a cohort of FGR and appropriately grown controls. We show differences in lung model parameters in FGR relative to controls and with gestational age. We also link these parameters to measurement of feto-placental oxygenation. This methodology could potentially provide a non-invasive method to assess fetal lung development. |
| 1978 | Computer 162
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The importance of cardiac MRI (CMR) in pediatric acute myocarditis, and it’s correlation with high sensitivity troponin |
| Maher Abadeer1, Munes Fares1, Jeanne Dillenbeck2, Maddy Artunduaga2, Sravani Avula1, Sanja Dzelebdzic1, Steven Philip1, Tarique Hussain1, and Gerald Greil1 | ||
1Pediatric Cardiology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Pediatric Radiology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Myocardium, Myocarditis, LGE, troponin Pediatric myocarditis is associated with major morbidity and mortality. Biomarkers are needed to predict clinical outcomes. High-sensitivity troponin (hs-TnT) and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) have been shown to correlate with poor outcomes in adult populations. We found that LGE and hs-TnT linearly correlated with each other in our pediatric population, and that children with myocarditis were more likely to be male, have a higher LGE score, higher hs-TnT values, and increased T2 signal intensity than those who did not. A cut-off of 1200 ms for native T1 global mean was significantly associated with the need for inotropic support. |
| 1979 | Computer 163
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Age matters: radiofrequency heating of epicardial and endocardial electronic devices in adults and children varies with body size and lead length |
| Fuchang Jiang1, Kaylee Henry1, Bhumi Bhusal2, Pia Sanpitak2, Gregory Webster3, Andrada Popescu4, Giorgio Bonmassar5, Christina Laternser6, Daniel Kim2, and Laleh Golestanirad1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Division of Cardiology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Division of Medical Imaging, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 5A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 6Center for Cardiovascular Innovation, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Keywords: Heart, Safety, Implants Children with congenital heart defects often have life-sustaining indications for an epicardial cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED). However few data exist on endocardial systems in children. Additionally, the FDA has never approved an epicardial system as MRI-Conditional due to limited data on potential heating risk. To provide evidence-based knowledge on RF-induced heating of CIEDs in children and adults with epicardial and endocardial leads of different lengths, we recorded the temperature increase of 120 clinically relevant trajectories positioned into adult and pediatric phantoms. Our results highlight the need for age and device-specific assessments of MRI safety in children with CIEDs. |
| 1980 | Computer 164
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Joint relaxometry-diffusion imaging and spectra of the fetal lungs. |
| Carla Avena-Zampieri1, Paddy J Slator2, Alena Uus1, Mary Rutherford1, Anne Greenough3,4,5, Jana Hutter1, and Lisa Story1,6 | ||
1Perinatal imaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Medical Image Computing and Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms in Asthma, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Neonatal Unit, King’s College Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 5NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s & St Thomas NHS Foundation Trusts and King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Fetal Medicine Unit, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Data Analysis, Fetus, Prenatal lungs, non-invasive tool We scanned the fetal lungs of healthy controls and fetuses that subsequently delivered preterm, to characterise typical and atypical lung development in-utero, with a combined T2*-diffusion protocol. We analysed our data with a joint T2*-ADC model, yielding voxelwise maps of T2* and ADC, plus calculated whole-lung T2*-ADC spectra. A reduction in both T2* and ADC values was demonstrated in the preterm cohort, potentially reflecting alterations in pulmonary development commencing in-utero. Our study demonstrates that voxelwise T2* and ADC maps, and whole-lung T2*-ADC spectra have the potential to provide additional information on fetal lung microstructure and improve detection of atypical development. |
| 1981 | Computer 165
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Prognostic value of myocardial strain after chemotherapy in children with leukemia: a cardiac magnetic resonance study |
| Rong Xu1, Wei Huang2, Lini Liu1, Xiaoyong zhang3, and Yingkun Guo1 | ||
1West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China, 2West China Second Universityy Hospital, Chengdu, China, 3Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Chengdu, China |
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Keywords: Cardiomyopathy, Cancer The stage of chemotherapy in children with ALL is a long process, and the myocardial damage caused by chemotherapy is still unknown. The different chemotherapy stages may have different degrees of myocardial damage. In this study, cardiac magnetic resonance was used to evaluate myocardial strain in ALL patients at different stages of treatment, and it was found that myocardial strain reduction was more pronounced in the early stages of treatment, and that global strain was a risk factor for adverse clinical outcomes. |
| 1982 | Computer 166
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3T Characterizes the Myocardium for Pediatric Cardiac Transplant Recipients: New Biomarker Development |
| Margaret M Samyn1, Adam M Gordon2, Ke Yan3, Jian Zhang4, Aspen M Duffin5, Jonathan H Soslow6, Bruce Damon7, Jennifer M Gerardin1, Benjamin M Goot8, Joseph R Cava1, and Steven J Kindel1 | ||
1Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin/ Herma Heart Institute at Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin/ Quantitative Health Sciences, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 4Quantitative Health Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin/ Quantitative Health Sciences, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 5Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 6Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Univesity Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 7Bioengineering, Carle Foundation Hospital/University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States, 8Pediatrics (Cardiology), Medical College of Wisconsin/ Herma Heart Institute at Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Tissue Characterization, Cardiac transplant; 3Tesla; Parametric Imaging Pediatric heart transplant recipients undergo frequent invasive cardiac catheterization with endomyocardial biopsy for routine allograft surveillance. Risks associated with catheterization and sampling error call into question this accepted “gold standard.” Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), with parametric imaging, may advance myocardial surveillance in this population. Fifty-two pediatric patients (transplanted at ≤18 years old) underwent CMR (September 2016 to June 2019) at 3T to evaluate myocardial health using MOLLI sequence. Healthy transplant recipients had normal global biventricular function, native T1 higher than published values for healthy children at 3T with similar extracellular volume (ECV) despite history of treated rejection. |
| 1983 | Computer 167
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Novel non-invasive cardiac MR oximetry and 4-dimensional flow in single ventricle hearts |
| Lajja Desai1, Elizabeth Weiss2, Juliet Varghese3, Rizwan Ahmad3, Orlando Simonetti3, Cynthia Rigsby1, and Michael Markl2 | ||
1Lurie Children's Hospital/Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Translational Studies, 4D Flow Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can provide novel non-invasive estimation of blood oxygen saturation and quantification of blood flow streaming in pediatric and adult patients with complex single ventricle physiology. Non-uniform distribution of inferior and superior caval blood flow and oxygenation to the left and right lungs may cause complications in patients with Fontan circulation. An individualized, comprehensive approach may identify patients at risk. |
| 1984 | Computer 168
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Comprehensive 4D flow MRI analysis of aortic flow hemodynamics in pediatric/young adult patients with bicuspid aortic valve |
| Takashi Fujiwara1, LaDonna Malone1, Kelly Jarvis2, Kathryn C Chatfield3, Lorna P Browne1, and Alex J Barker1,4 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States, 4Department of Bioengineering, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Keywords: Flow, Velocity & Flow, 4D flow MRI Bicuspid aortic valve is associated with progressive aortic dilatation, which is seen both in pediatric and adult populations. Although several studies have found a connection between aortic hemodynamics, vessel wall architectural abnormalities, and progressive dilation, the role of hemodynamics in pediatric aortopathy remains unclear. We used 4D flow MRI data in pediatric bicuspid aortic valve patients to identify potential hemodynamic biomarkers associated with aortic diameter. Despite no clear association with aortic diameter, different flow features between BAV patients with/without coarctation were found. |
| 1985 | Computer 169
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Comparison of 3D Ultra-short Echo Time (UTE) Phase-Resolved Functional Lung (PREFUL) with Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis |
| Samal Munidasa1,2, Brandon Zanette1,2, Marie-Pier Dumas3, Wallace Wee3, Jacky Au3, Sharon Braganza1, Daniel Li1, Felix Ratjen3, and Giles Santyr1,2 | ||
1Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Keywords: Data Processing, Lung 2D phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI has been shown to correlate with hyperpolarized Xenon MRI (Xe-MRI) in pediatric Cystic Fibrosis (CF) lung disease but ventilation defects may be missed using the 2D approach. In this study we develop a 3D ultra-short echo time (UTE) PREFUL MRI method and compare to 2D PREFUL MRI and Xe-MRI in CF. 3D UTE PREFUL MRI showed a lower bias between Xe-MRI as compared to 2D PREFUL and was able to detect ventilation defects missed by the 2D approach, suggesting that the 3D approach may be a more comprehensive measure of ventilation in pediatric CF. |
| 1986 | Computer 170
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Hemodynamics in children with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and atrial septal defect using 4D-flow MRI. |
| Fraser Maurice Callaghan1,2, Barbara Burkhardt2,3, Emanuela Valsangiacomo Buechel2,3, Christian Kellenberger2,4, and Julia Geiger2,4 | ||
1Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Children’s Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 4Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Cardiovascular, 4D flow, Congenital heart disease 4D flow MRI is used to assess flow dynamics in the pulmonary veins and left atrium of 10 patients (mean age 3.8 years) with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return and atrial septal defect compared with 13 age matched normal subjects. Anomalous veins do not have a higher proportion of total return flow compared to normal subjects. Flow across the atrial septal defect results in a higher proportion of flow during systole compared to normal subjects and results in lower atrial pressure and thus reduced left ventricle filling velocities. Atrial kick dynamics are not different compared with normal subjects. |
| 1987 | Computer 171
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Comprehensive evaluation of bicuspid aortic valve structure, hemodynamics, and tissue characterization in mice using MRI |
| El-Sayed H. Ibrahim1, John LaDisa1, and Joy Lincoln1 | ||
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Valves, congenital heart disease Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart disease affecting 1-2% of all live births. Current clinical management includes periodic surveillance of aortic valve dysfunction, and only when the valve becomes stenotic is intervention recommended, which includes surgical procedures that come with insuperable long-term outcomes. We optimized a small-animal MRI protocol for comprehensive evaluation of the BAV structure, function, flow pattern, and tissue characterization. Children and adolescents with BAV would benefit from this comprehensive assessment of their risk profile during early stages of the disease to better predict outcomes and clinical management strategies. |
| 1988 | Computer 172
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Fetal Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance: A Comparison of Doppler Ultrasound and Self-Gating Techniques |
| Paul Polak1, Henrik von Kleist2, Marcus Hott2, Erin K Englund1, Alex J Barker1, Bettina Cuneo3, Richard M Friesen3, Lorna P Browne1, and Mehdi Hedjazi Moghari1 | ||
1Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Technische Universitat Munchen, Munich, Germany, 3Cardiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Keywords: Fetal, Cardiovascular Fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance requires an accurate measure of the fetal heart rate for cine image acquisitions. In this work, we compared the use of Doppler ultrasound with a self-gating technique in 8 subjects. Images were acquired in the axial and short-axis orientations of the fetal heart, and the images were compared with qualitative scoring, heart rate analysis, and ventricular volumes. It was found that the techniques had only minor differences demonstrating the potential use of retrospective self-gating in the clinic, as it reduces workflow complexity and may lead to shorter exam times for pregnant women. |
| 1989 | Computer 173
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Early Experience of Functional Fetal Lung Imaging using Low Field MRI |
| Kelly Payette1,2, Carla Avena Zampieri1, Jordina Aviles Verdera1,2, Lisa Story3, Raphael Tomi-Tricot4, Joseph V Hajnal1,2, Mary Rutherford1,2, and Jana Hutter1,2 | ||
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences KCL, London, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, KCL, London, United Kingdom, 3Women’s Health, KCL, London, United Kingdom, 4MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Fetal, Low-Field MRI Low field MRI for fetal imaging has the potential to be a powerful tool for prenatal diagnosis, with a favourable combination of scope for a larger bore (adding comfort and reducing claustrophobia), and lower SAR, susceptibility effects and receiver coil properties. We performed functional scans of the fetal lung to demonstrate the high image quality that can be acquired. The quantitative values of the fetal lungs (IVIM parameters, T1, T2*) calculated from the low field images match the expected values from higher field strengths reported in the literature. |
| 1990 | Computer 174
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Volumetric flow assessment in fetal sheep with Cartesian 4D flow MRI and radial slice-to-volume flow MRI with and without blood pool contrast |
| Datta Singh Goolaub1, Judd Storrs2, John Kelly3,4, Ramkumar Krishnamurthy2, Karen Texter5, James Strainic6, Ellie Ragsdale7, Christopher Breuer3, Aimee Armstrong4, Rajesh Krishnamurthy2, and Christopher K. Macgowan1,8 | ||
1Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Radiology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Center for Regenerative Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States, 4Cardiology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States, 5The Heart Center, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States, 6Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States, 7OB/GYN-Maternal Fetal Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 8Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Keywords: Fetal, Fetus We compare flow distributions in fetal sheep obtained with Cartesian 4D flow MRI and slice-to-volume multidimensional blood flow imaging using accelerated multislice radial phase contrast MRI. In the latter, stacks of 2D slices are imaged. Real-time reconstructions allow for in-plane motion correction. CINEs are combined into a dynamic flow sensitive volume using slice-to-volume reconstruction with interslice motion correction. Comparison is performed in the presence and absence of contrast agent. |
| 1991 | Computer 175
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Accelerated 4D flow MRI in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease |
| Fatemeh Rastegar Jooybari1,2, Christopher Huynh2, Sharon Portnoy2, Jonathan Voutsas3, Diana Balmer-Minnes2, Ankavipar Saprungruang4, Shi-Joon Yoo5, Christopher Z Lam4, and Christopher K Macgowan1,2 | ||
1Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, 4Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Departments of Medical Imaging and Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Quantitative Imaging, Flow, Heart, Cardiovascular, Congenital heart disease The application of conventional 4D flow to evaluate the hemodynamics of the heart and vessels is limited by long scan time. Recent advances aim to reduce scan time while providing sufficient accuracy. Here we investigate a 4D flow pipeline based on an undersampled 3D golden angle radial trajectory that offers reconstruction flexibility. We evaluated this technique in a cross-section of 11 pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and compared flows against conventional 2D phase contrast in target vessels. |
| 1992 | Computer 176
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Cost Analysis of Cardiac MRI for Cardiac Transplant Surveillance |
| Margaret M Samyn1, Ke Yan2, Justin Godown3, Steven J Kindel1, Bruce Damon4, Jonathan H Soslow5, and John Affleck-Graves6 | ||
1Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin/ Herma Heart Institute at Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Grainger College of Engineering, Carle Foundation Hospital/University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States, 5Pediatrics, Vanderbilt Univesity Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 6University of Notre Dame Mendoza College of Business, Notre Dame, IN, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Health Care Economics, Heart Transplantation; Acute Rejection Current transplant surveillance relies on frequent cardiac catheterization with endomyocardial biopsy (cath EMB) to detect life threatening acute rejection. Cardiac MRI has emerged as a diagnostic tool which can characterize the myocardium. The PEACE study (R01-HL164995-01) aims to evaluate the potential for using cardiac MRI parametric mapping as a pre-cath EMB screening tool to alleviate both patient and family burden and the financial burden of cath EMB. Consistent with the recent emphasis on "Value MRI," we therefore sought to understand the potential Medicare savings, if MRI is used for transplant surveillance for healthy heart transplant recipients rather than cath EMB. |
| 1993 | Computer 177
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Out-of-phase Ventiilation Observed With Dynamic Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 Mri In A Pig Thoracic Insu!ciency Syndrome Model |
| Hooman Hamedani1, Faraz Amzajerdian1, Stephen Kadlecek1, Kai Ruppert1, Mostafa Ismail1, Luis Loza1, Ian Duncan1, Madeline Boyes2, Klaus Hopster2, Rachel Hilliard2, Thomas Schaer2, Benjamin Sinder 3, Brian Snyder4, Axel Moore5, Dawn Elliott5, Kyle Meadows5, and Rahim Rizi1 | ||
1University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA, United States, 3Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States |
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Keywords: Body, Skeletal In a pilot study of thoracic insufficiency syndrome in a pig model, we demonstrated dynamic hyperpolarized xenon-129 (HXe) MRI’s ability to noninvasively measure respiratory dysfunction in terms of gas distribution and mixing in the lungs, and specifically showed ‘out of phase’ ventilation in constricted regions of the lung. This marker of ventilation—i.e., the temporal characteristic of signal build-up during inhalation and its wash-out during exhalation—is inaccessible without our dynamic imaging technique. This technique can be implemented clinically to enhance our understanding of TIS pathophysiology and evaluate treatment strategies aimed at fostering age appropriate alveolarization. |
| 1994 | Computer 178
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Comparison of SAR Distributions around Epicardial and Endocardial Electrodes in Growing Pediatric Patients with Cardiac Pacemakers |
| Reina Oguchi1, Kyoko Fujimoto2, Kazuhiro Shiraga3, and Kagayaki Kuroda1 | ||
1Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan |
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Keywords: Safety, Safety RF-induced SAR distributions around epicardial lead were compared with endocardial lead in the 29-month-old and 6-year-old pediatric anatomical models with cardiac pacemakers. Numerical simulations were performed with a 1.5-T birdcage coil and the pacemaker models segmented from the age-matching patient CT data. In both pediatric models, the simulation with the endocardial lead overall showed lower SAR values compared to that with the endocardial lead. The screw-like electrode attached to the endocardial lead may have resulted in much higher SAR values, compared to the tined-type electrode of the epicardial lead. |
| 1995 | Computer 179
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Automated multi organ segmentation for 3D fetal body MRI: differences in the normal growth charts for different acquisition parameters |
| Alena U. Uus1, Lisa Story2,3, Megan Hall3,4,5, Vanessa Kyriakopoulou5, Alexia Egloff Collado5, Carla Avena Zampieri1,5, Jacqueline Matthew1,5, Irina Grigorescu1, Ayse Ceren Tanritanir5, Joseph V. Hajnal1,5, Jana Hutter1,5, Mary Rutherford5, and Maria Deprez1 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Academic Women's Health Department, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Fetal Medicine Department, GSTT, London, United Kingdom, 4Institute for Women’s and Children’s Health, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Prenatal, Segmentation This work presents the first deep learning pipeline for segmentation of multiple body organs from motion corrected 3D ssTSE fetal MRI. It is used to compare growth charts of the normal body organ development during 21-37 week GA range for 254 fetal datasets with different acquisition protocols (field strength and TE). |
| 1996 | Computer 180
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View-Sharing and KWIC Filtering Achieves High Spatio-Temporal Resolution in 32-Fold Accelerated Real-Time Cardiac Cine with Radial Sampling |
| Lexiaozi Fan1,2, Kyungpyo D Hong2, Joshua D. Robinson2,3,4, Cynthia K. Rigsby2,3,5, and Daniel Kim1,2 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Pediatric, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Division of Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Keywords: Cardiovascular, Image Reconstruction Highly-accelerated real-time cine MRI is a rapid technique that is particularly useful for patients with arrhythmia, dyspnea, and/or pediatric patients who may not be able to follow breath-hold instructions. Incorporating view-sharing (VS) and k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) filtering into a compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction framework improves spatio-temporal resolution in our 32-fold accelerated real-time free-breathing cine MRI using radial k-space sampling. Resulting biventricular volumetric parameters are relatively accurate, which may eliminate the need for sedation/anesthesia in pediatric patients. |
| 2135 | Computer 141
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Self-Navigated Rapid Radial Free-Breathing Liver MR Elastography: Assessment of Technical Performance in Children at 3T |
| Sevgi Gokce Kafali1,2, Bradley D. Bolster Jr.3, Shu-Fu Shih1,2, Timoteo I. Delgado1,4, Xiaodong Zhong5, Vibhas Deshpande6, Timothy R. Adamos7, Shahnaz Ghahremani1,7, Kara L. Calkins7, and Holden H. Wu1,2,4 | ||
1Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3US MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 4Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5US MR Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6US MR Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Austin, TX, United States, 7Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Keywords: Elastography, Liver Hepatic stiffness measured by MR elastography (MRE) is a biomarker for fibrosis. Standard liver MRE requires breath-holding (BH) to avoid motion artifacts, but BH is challenging for children. Radial free-breathing (FB) MRE can overcome this challenge but requires longer scan times. Radial FB-MRE using rapid wave encoding decreases the scan time and self-navigation supports motion compensation. With the help of fractional encoding to reduce echo times, image quality can be further improved. This work demonstrated that self-navigated rapid and rapid fractional FB-MRE methods measure hepatic stiffness with close agreement and similar repeatability compared to corresponding BH-MRE in children at 3T. |
| 2136 | WITHDRAWN |
| 2137 | Computer 142
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Free Breathing Simultaneous Multislice Diffusion Weighted Imaging of the Pediatric Abdomen Reduces Scan Time Without Sacrificing Image Quality |
| Ali B Syed1 and Praveen Jayapal2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Redwood City, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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Keywords: Body, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques Simultaneous Multislice (SMS) techniques can reduce scan time without significant impact on image quality. SMS techniques rely on coil geometry, which can be unfavorable in pediatric patients due to large variations in size. At the same time, pediatric imaging often demands minimizing scan time to increase patient compliance and reduce exposure to sedating medications. We evaluate the use of SMS diffusion weighted imaging applied to pediatric abdominal DWI and show that image quality is similar to standard DWI but with significant reduction in scan time. ADC values are not significantly affected. |
| 2138 | Computer 143
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Evaluation of Pediatric Musculoskeletal Disease using CT-like MR of Pointwise Encoding Time Reduction with radial Acquisition sequence |
| Xiamei Zhuang1, Ke Jin1, Yan Yin 1, Junwei Li1, and Huiting Zhang2 | ||
1Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing， Siemens Healthineers, Wuhan, China |
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Keywords: Body, Bone Cortical bone can be clearly displayed by CT-like MRI using ultrashort TE sequence. This study aimed to investigate the value of CT-like MRI using PETRA (ct-PETRA) sequence in the pediatric musculoskeletal diseases. Our results showed that ct-PETRA had no significant difference in measuring the C-E index and acetabulum index of children's hip joint compared with X-ray, and had no significant difference in visualization of lesions compared with X-ray and CT. Moreover, ct-PETRA has more advantages than X-ray in displaying trabecular fracture of fine bone. CT-like PETRA can be used as conventional complementary sequence for some assessments of pediatric musculoskeletal diseases. |
| 2139 | Computer 144
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Feasibility of Blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance imaging for distinguishing HSPN from HSP in children Synopsis |
| Hang Su1, Gang Zhang1, Jingjing Wu1, Wei Xing1, Yufu Hu1, Zhiwei Shen2, Ke Jiang2, Yuying Sun1, Xia Zhang1, and Xianqing Ren1 | ||
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China, 2Philips healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Keywords: Adolescents, Kidney Blood oxygen level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) could be used to detect renal tissue oxygen levels noninvasively, and the T2* time induced by the paramagnetic effect of deoxyhemoglobin can be obtained to indirectly assess blood oxygen utilization. Previous research has proven that BOLD-MRI can detect renal oxygenation levels with high sensitivity and the accuracy of the data has been validated by invasive probe measuring techniques. In this work, we investigated the clinical feasibility of T2* mapping for the detection of HSPN and HSP in children, since we predicted that HSPN would also result in aberrant renal blood oxygenation signals. |
| 2140 | Computer 145
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Using MR Elastography in the Assessment of Low-Grade Fibrosis of Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients. |
| Suraj D Serai1,2, Hansel J Otero1,2, Tatiana Morales-Tisnes1, Mohamed M Elsingergy1, Tricia Bhatti1, and Bernarda Viteri1 | ||
1Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Keywords: Kidney, Elastography, transplant MRE can propagate shear waves which can provide better estimates of stiffness of smaller and deeper structures. Here, we found a positive correlation between kidney elasticity and the presence of histological fibrosis where stiffness values tended to be higher in fibrosed allografts than stable or native kidneys. If clinically approved, elastography would not only be useful for early detection of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in renal transplants, which would individualize the need for immunosuppression therapy, but could also be used as a screening tool to evaluate fibrosis in potential donors to identify best candidates prior to the transplantation procedure. |
| 2141 | Computer 146
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Fast free-breathing pediatric MRI using accelerated radial acquisition and deep learning motion-resolved reconstruction |
| Victor Murray1, Syed Siddiq1, Gerald Behr2, and Ricardo Otazo1,2 | ||
1Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Keywords: Body, Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence Motion remains a significant challenge in pediatric MRI. Motion-resolved 4D MRI, such as XD-GRASP, is a promising alternative to motion correction. However, long scan times and particularly reconstruction times restricted routine clinical use. This work presents a deep learning approach called MRI-movienet for 4D reconstruction of radial data, which enables acceleration of both acquisition and reconstruction for free-breathing pediatric MRI with only 1 minute scan time and less than 2 seconds reconstruction time. The deep learning approach is demonstrated for free-breathing abdominal pediatric MRI without anesthesia using XD-GRASP as a reference for comparison. |
| 2142 | Computer 147
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Heterogeneous distribution of hepatic and pancreatic fat fraction in overweight or obese children and adolescents |
| Yang Cao1, Dingyi Lin1, Yufan Zhou1, Yi-Cheng Hsu2, Gaoyang Mi3, Hongxi Zhang3, and Min Wang1 | ||
1College of Biomedical Engneering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens healthineers Itd, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Children's Hospital Binjiang Campus Pediatrics, Hangzhou, China |
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Keywords: Data Analysis, Fat The ectopic fat is not evenly distributed in organs and can be a time dependent process that starts at early age. In this work, we focused on obese or overweight children and adolescents and calculated the voxel-wised liver and pancreas fat fraction. With our recently proposed deep learning method, we separately quantified the fat depositions in different compartments of liver and pancreas with high precisions. Our analysis revealed an unevenly distributed ectopic fat in both liver and pancreas at young age and suggested that hepatic and pancreatic fat depositions are weakly coupled but have different underlying mechanisms. |
| 2143 | Computer 148
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High resolution, swap free, and motion compensated water/fat separation in free-breathing pediatric T1-weighted abdominal MRI |
| Reyhaneh Nosrati1, Onur Afacan1, Kristina Pelkola1, Sarah Bixby1, and Simon K. Warfield1 | ||
1Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Keywords: Liver, Pediatric, Abdominal MRI T1-weighted GRE sequence with Dixon technique for water/fat separation is a routine component of abdominal MRI to detect lesions and characterize hemorrhage/fat content. The limitations of the routine free-breathing T1-weighted pediatric abdominal MRI and water/fat separation includes low-resolution to achieve high pixel-bandwidth and minimize chemical shift, respiratory motion blurring (despite radial acquisition) that degrades image sharpness, water/fat swapping, and off-resonance fat blurring due to multi-peak nature of fat spectrum. We have assessed a novel image acquisition and reconstruction pipeline based on 3-point Dixon method, multi-peak fat model, and residual motion correction to address all the limitations of the current practice. |
| 2144 | Computer 149
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Association of physical activity and screen time with DXA- and MRI-based body composition in adolescents, a population-based study |
| Tong Wu1, Junwen Yang-Huang2, Meike Vernooij1, María Rodriguez‑Ayllon3, Vincent Jaddoe4, Hein Raat2, Stefan Klein1, and Edwin Oei1 | ||
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 4Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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Keywords: Adolescents, Body, Body composition This study is embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study in the Netherlands. At 13 years, whole-body Dixon MRI was performed. A previously presented Competitive Dense Fully Convolutional Network (CDFNet) was retrained and used to quantify the abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat. We found a higher physical activity and lower screen time are associated with lower levels of MRI-based abdominal visceral obesity in adolescents. Therefore, promoting physical activity and reducing screen time should be one of the goals of lifestyle intervention programs for tackling the childhood obesity. |
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Exploring accelerated MRI based Bone Imaging in Pediatric Congenital Spinal Anomalies |
| Foram Bharat Gala1, Hirava Manek1, Indrajit Saha2, Narayana Krishna Rolla3, Pradeep Kumar4, and Rashmi Rao3 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Bai Jerbai Wadia hospital for children, Mumbai, India, 2Clinical Science, Philips India Limited, Delhi, India, 3Philips India Limited, Bangalore, India, 4Philips India Limited, Mumbai, India |
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Keywords: MSK, Spinal Cord Congenital spinal anomalies are common in children resulting in spinal deformities and these could be due to isolated vertebral segmentation abnormalities or with added cord abnormalities referred to as spinal dysraphism. Early surgical intervention is necessary in these children which requires both MRI and CT scan evaluation for cord and bone details respectively. We utilized novel technique - Compressed Sense accelerated MRI based - Fast field echo Resembling A CT Using Restricted Echo-spacing (CS-FRACTURE) technique in pediatric patients which provides CT like contrast. We describe our experience in evaluation of congenital spinal anomalies |
| 2147 | Computer 151
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The value of MRI 3D-DESS technique in preoperative evaluation of polydactyly in children |
| Li Jingling1 | ||
1Xijing Hospital, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi 'an, China |
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Keywords: Joints, Pediatric Polydactyly is very common disease in pediatric orthopeadic. In this study, 18 patients with polydactyly were included. All the 3D-DESS image were evaluated by two senior diagnostic radiologists using a double-blind 3-point scale, the intraoperative results were used as the “gold standard” to analyze the consistency of image results and intraoperative results. The purpose of this study is to assess whether the 3D-DESS sequence can provide the growth and development information of cartilage epiphysis, tendon and bone tissue of polydactyly in children before surgery, which has value for preoperative evaluation and preparation of surgical treatment. |
| 2148 | Computer 152
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On the MRI Signature of Healed Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans (JOCD) in the Knee – The ‘Scar Sign’ |
| Jutta Ellermann1, Abdul Wahed Kajabi2, Marc Tompkins3, Joe Luchsinger1, Stefan Zbyn4, Shelly Marette1, Bradley Nelson3, and Takashi Takahashi1 | ||
1Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2CMRR/Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Orthopedics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Keywords: Bone, Adolescents, Epiphyseal Cartilage, Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans Healing of Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans requires progressive lesion ossification and osseous bridging with the parent bone. The ‘Scar Sign’ is an MR imaging finding that documents a healed knee JOCD lesion and is characterized by a distinct hypointense line at the prior lesion – parent bone interface, best identified on PD- or T1-weighted images w/o FS on routine clinical MRI. Knowledge of stages, timeline of healing and expected MR imaging findings of JOCD is important for the reporting Radiologist. It will facilitate prognostication and can serve as a reliable outcome measure for future research on evidence based Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans management. |
| 2149 | Computer 153
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Probing arm muscle structure underlying motor impairment in children with cerebral palsy using DTI tractography |
| Divya Joshi1,2, Alexandra Hruby1,2, Julius PA Dewald1,2,3, and Carson Ingo2,4 | ||
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Keywords: Muscle, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Cerebral Palsy Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit musculoskeletal maladaptations that have a profound impact on wrist and hand function, yet there is little understanding regarding underlying arm muscle structural changes. We implemented DTI to estimate in vivo muscle architecture of a forearm flexor muscle in both paretic and non-paretic arms of children with hemiparetic CP (n=5). Bone length, muscle size, fascicle lengths, and MD decreased while fascicle curvature increased in the paretic limb. Interlimb differences in fascicle length and curvature were correlated with interlimb differences in MD. We show that DTI is effective at capturing forearm muscle architecture changes in CP. |
| 2150 | Computer 154
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Magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging of the adolescent rabbit growth plate of the knee |
| Ola Kvist1, Peter Damberg1, Zelong Dou1, Johan Sanmartin Berglund2, Carl-erik Flodmark3, Ola Nilsson1,4, and Sandra Diaz Ruiz1,3 | ||
1Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Blekinge Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Lunds University, Malmö, Sweden, 4Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden |
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Keywords: Cartilage, Diffusion Tensor Imaging The hindlimbs of female rabbits aged 16, 20, and 24 weeks were studied in a 9.4T MRI scanner to assess the ability of MRI-DTI to evaluate growth plate morphology and activity compared with that of histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography (μCT) in rabbits. The MRI sequences included a multi-gradient echo 3D sequence and DTI in 14 directions (b-value= 984 s/mm2). The growth plate height and volume were similar for all modalities at each time point and age. Tract number and volume declined with age; however, tract length did not show any changes. MRI-DTI may be useful for evaluating the growth plates. |
| 2151 | Computer 155
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T2 mapping of patellar cartilage after single and first-time traumatic lateral patellar dislocation episode |
| Elena Voronkova1,2, Petr Menshchikov3,4, Ilya Melnikov1, Olga Bozhko1, Andrei Manzhurtsev1,3,5, Maxim Ublinskiy1,3, Denis Vorobyev1, Dmitriy Kupriyanov4, and Tolib Akhadov1 | ||
1Radiodiagnosis, Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Trauma, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 3Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Moscow, Russian Federation, 4LLC Philips, Moscow, Russian Federation, 5Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation |
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Keywords: MSK, Cartilage The purpose of the study was to examine short-term consequences of the single and first-time lateral patellar displacement on patellar cartilage quality in teenagers using T2 mapping. The research showed a principal difference in T2 changes between medial and lateral cartilage facet. The medial part usually suffering first after LPD, the absence of T2 changes for the mild group may indicate completed reparative processes, while the decrease in T2 denotes that the reparation is still ongoing. T2 increase in lateral patellar regardless chondromalacia severity indicates secondary damage. |
| 2152 | Computer 156
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T1 and T2* Relaxometry MRI of Knee Growth Plate Using Ultra-Short TE MRI: Feasibility Study |
| Kwan-Jin Jung1 and Elahe Ganji2 | ||
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Keywords: Cartilage, Relaxometry, growth plate, UTE Growth plates are one of the most common sites of injury in the young skeleton. The growth plate is an interwoven and multi-layered interfacial tissue that transitions from cartilaginous to mineral morphology as it extends into metaphysis of long bones. We used Ultrashort Echo-time (UTE) MR imaging as a promising sensitive technique to detect the growth plate transition that has short T2. The UTE sequence was extended to measure T2* and T1 using multi-echoes and variable flip angles. The contrast of the transitional zone was further enhanced by a ratio of T1 over T2*. |
| 2153 | Computer 157
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The Performance of 3D-UTE MRI in Children with Pneumonia: Comparison with Standard 3D T1-GRE and T2-FSE Sequences |
| yan sun1, yujie chen1, xuesheng li1, yi liao1, xijian chen1, yu song1, xinyue liang2, yongming dai2, and gang ning1 | ||
1Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children(Sichuan University), Ministry of Education,West China Second university Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, shanghai, shanghai, China |
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Keywords: Lung, Pediatric, pediatric pneumonia As a promising MRI technique, ultrashort echo‑time (UTE) sequence has been widely used in the evaluation of pulmonary diseases, allowing for increased contrast-to-noise ratio and the comparable image quality with CT. Literature on the use of the UTE in pneumonia is broadly available in older children and adults, whereas the data in younger children group is limited. This study illustrated the ability of UTE lung imaging for assessing pneumonia patients under 3 years old and has good diagnostic utility in detecting the typical morphological findings of pediatric pneumonia. |
| 2154 | Computer 158
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Validating UTE-based Assessment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia at 3T |
| Narayan Iyer1,2, Matthew Borzage1,2, and Eamon Doyle2,3 | ||
1Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Radiology, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Keywords: Lung, Pediatric, BPD, UTE Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common serious complication of prematurity affecting approximately 30,000 infants annually in the USA alone. Decisions regarding treatment course as well as prognostication require an understanding of regional lung changes. However, chest radiographs poorly distinguish the severity of BPD. Advances in ultra-short echo time imaging have made lung imaging feasible at clinically relevant field strengths. We have implemented a UTE-based imaging protocol at our institution and started validation in pre-term infants. Initial results demonstrate that clinically interpretable images can be acquired in an infant with BPD. |
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Multi-modal multi-resolution atlas of the human neonatal cerebral cortex based on microstructural similarity |
| Mingyang Li1, Xinyi Xu1, Zuozhen Cao1, Ruike Chen1, Ruoke Zhao1, Zhiyong Zhao1, and Dan Wu1 | ||
1College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China |
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Keywords: Gray Matter, Multimodal, parcellation, morphometric similarity, atlas In this work, we aimed to generate a comprehensive parcellation of the human neonatal cortex based on multi-modal MRI features. We collected the dataset from the developing human connectome project and estimated ten different MRI features to calculate the similarity between different locations in the neonatal cortex. We developed an automated algorithm based on gradient of the integrated similarity map to generate parcellations at different resolutions. We also provided a manual parcellation based on the multimodal similarity for higher anatomical interpretability. The present work may facilitate structural-functional connectome analysis in early brain development. |
| 2333 | Computer 162
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High-resolution fetal brain anatomical imaging using a reduced field-of-view with outer volume suppression |
| MinJung Jang1,2 and Zungho Zun1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Techonology, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of |
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Keywords: Fetal, Fetus Reliable fetal brain anatomical imaging is critical to identify structural brain abnormalities early in utero. Fetal brain imaging with increased spatial resolution may provide more details but is limited by a large acquisition matrix size with a long readout time. Here, we demonstrate high-resolution fetal brain imaging using a reduced field-of-view with outer volume suppression. The performance of outer volume suppression pulse was evaluated in simulations and phantom/in vivo experiments. High-resolution imaging with reduced field-of-view demonstrated improved image quality than conventional imaging without visible blurring or aliasing artifacts. |
| 2334 | Computer 163
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Quantitative Assessment of Gyrification Patterns and Symmetry of the Fetal Brain based on Routine Fetal 2D MRI |
| Bossmat Yehuda1,2, Aviad Rabinowich, MD1,3,4, Dafi Surani1, Yair Wexler5, Netanell avisdris1,6, Ori Ben-Zvi1, Bella Spector1,6, Leo Joskowicz6, Liat Ben-Sira, MD1,3, Elka Miller, MD7, and Dafna Ben Bashat1,2,4 | ||
1Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 3Department of Radiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 4Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 5School of Neurobiology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 6School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, 7CHEO Medical Imaging, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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Keywords: Fetal, Neuro, gyrification Current clinical assessment of fetal brain gyrification is performed manually and subjectively. Previous studies that suggested methods for quantitative assessment of fetal brain gyrification were based on 3D reconstruction. In this study we propose an automatic method for quantifying the gyrification from routinely acquired 2D clinical data. We calculate five different gyrification indices for both the right and left hemispheres. We present developmental curves of 134 control fetuses in a wide range of GA (18-37 weeks) and demonstrate differences between control fetuses and fetuses with malformation of cortical development: five with lissencephaly and 13 with polymicrogyria. |
| 2335 | Computer 164
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Reduced adiposity in growth-restricted fetuses using quantitative two-point Dixon analysis |
| Aviad Rabinowich1,2,3, Netanell Avisdris1,4, Ayala Zilberman2,5, Sapir Lazar2,6, Daphna Link-Sourani1, Jacky Herzlich2,7, Bella Specktor-Fadida4, Leo Joskowicz4, Gustavo Malinger2,5, Liat Ben Sira2,6, Liran Hiersch2,5, and Dafna Ben Bashat1,2,8 | ||
1Sagol Brain Institute, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 3Department of Radiology, Tel Aviv Soursaky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 4School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel, 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lis Hospital for Women, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 6Department of Radiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 7Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, 8Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel |
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Keywords: Fetal, Fetus, Fetal growth restriction Adipose tissue (AT, i.e., fat) deposition is reduced in undernourished growth-restricted fetuses (FGR) and may correlate with disease severity. Previous studies showed reduced AT using mainly linear sonographic measurements of the subcutaneous fat. We demonstrate the use of a two-point Dixon sequence for whole-body subcutaneous AT. The fat content of 64 fetuses (37 appropriate for gestation age [AGA], 18 FGR, and 9 small for gestational age) was measured using three adiposity parameters. We demonstrated third-trimester AT accretion in AGA fetuses and reduced AT in FGR. This study is the first to demonstrate whole-fetus subcutaneous AT changes in FGR. |
| 2336 | Computer 165
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Exploring the effect of elevated maternal BMI on image quality in fetal MRI |
| Kathleen Elizabeth Colford1, Daniel Cromb1, Zoe Hesketh1, Tom Finck1,2, Ayse Ceren-Tanritanir1,3, Serena Counsell1, and Mary Rutherford1,4 | ||
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany, 3Guys and St. Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Fetal, Data Analysis, Maternal BMI, Signal to Noise Ratio We assessed SNR (signal-to-noise-ratio) against elevated maternal BMI in fetal brain/body MRI imaging to examine if SNR decreases both objectively/subjectively, and if MRI could be an alternative imaging modality in prenatal care. Spearman’s Correlation-Rank coefficient was used to identify relationships between SNR measurements in ROI’s and maternal BMI. There’s a negative downward trend between maternal BMI and SNR seen for all fetal ROIs (particularly in regions more susceptible to SNR); subjective assessment didn’t identify any association between BMI and image quality. Our results suggest that MRI is a viable alternative to ultrasound in pregnant women with elevated BMI. |
| 2337 | Computer 166
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A quantitative study on the growth patterns of vertebrae in utero fetuses in second-third trimester：a prospective study based “black-bone” MRI |
| Cai Xianyun1, Chen Xin1, Jinxia Zhu2, and Guangbin Wang1 | ||
1Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, jinan, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Beijing, China. Email: jinxia.zhu@siemens-healthineers.com, beijing, China |
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Keywords: Fetal, Normal development Imaging the anatomy of the spine and its relevant pathology is clinically important for the early identification of spinal malformations and anomalous osseous development. our study applied MRI-based “black-bone” sequence to elucidate the growth dynamics of vertebrae ossification center in utero fetuses in second-third trimester. We found that the fetal vertebrae were correlated with gestational age and follow a certain formula, providing the existing literature with completely novel quantitative data. |
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Volumetric MRI analysis of occipital gyrus in fetuses with isolated ventriculomegaly |
| Xin Zhang1, Fan Wu1, Zhaoji Chen1, Yuchao Li1, Zhenqing Liu1, Chenxin Xie1, and Hongsheng Liu1 | ||
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University，Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Child Health, 510623, China, Guangzhou, China |
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Keywords: Fetal, Brain, Fetal MRI; Isolated ventriculomegaly The lateral ventricle is closely related to the occipital lobe anatomically. We found changes in cortical volume and white matter volume in isolated fetuses ventriculomegaly. This study will address whether occipital and occipital gyrus volumes differ in IVM and investigate the developmental pattern of the occipital lobe with increasing gestational age investigate. This study will help to provide the research basis for the study the neurodevelopment in IVM fetuses. |
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Fetal brain Super-Resolution Reconstruction reliability from clinical MRI data |
| Tommaso Ciceri1,2, Letizia Squarcina3, Adele Ferro4, Florian Montano5, Alessandra Bertoldo2,6, Nicola Persico7, Simona Boito7, Fabio Maria Triulzi3,8, Giorgio Conte8, Paolo Brambilla3,4, and Denis Peruzzo5 | ||
1NeuroImaging, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy, 2Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 3Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy, 4Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy, 5NeuroImaging Lab, IRCCS Eugenio Medea, Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy, 6Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 7Department of Woman, Child and Newborn, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy, 8Services and Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy |
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Keywords: Fetal, Brain, Neurodevelopment, Biometry, Image Reconstruction In this study, we characterized the geometric reliability of the Super-Resolution (SR) images reconstructed via NiftyMIC and MIALSRTK toolkits over a common clinical fetal MR dataset (20-21 weeks of gestation). We compare 15 biometric measures derived from the acquired 2D images with those derived from the SR brain volumes. Furthermore, we examined two different acquisition sequences (TSE Vs. b-FFE) to evaluate which of them lead to more reliable measures and high-resolution reconstructions. Our findings strengthen the adoption of SR toolkits for fetal brain reconstructions to perform biometry evaluations, suggesting to use TSE sequences. |
| 2340 | Computer 169
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T1 and T2 measurements from Neonates at 7 Tesla |
| Shaihan J Malik1,2,3, Raphael Tomi-Tricot2,4, Philippa Bridgen2,5, Anthony N Price3,5, Megan Quirke5, Daniel V Cromb3, Paul Cawley3,5, Enrico De Vita2,3, Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh3,6, Serena J Counsell3, Sharon Giles2,5, Mary Rutherford3, A. David Edwards3,5,6, Joseph V Hajnal1,2,3, and Tomoki Arichi3,5,6 | ||
1Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2London Collaborative Ultrahigh field System (LoCUS), King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom, 5Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 6Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Relaxometry T1 and T2 measurements were made in 8 neonates (median age 42+1 weeks) scanned on a 7 Tesla MRI system, using inversion recovery and spin echo methods respectively. The aim of this study is to help to establish expected ranges, to prepare for systematic relaxometry studies, and to identify optimal operating points for imaging neonates at ultra-high field. Region of interest measurements show strong age dependence of T1, and some variation in T2 (particularly in frontal white matter). The measured T1 times are longer than in adults at 7T, and also longer than in neonates imaged on lower field systems. |
| 2341 | Computer 170
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High Flip Angle Chemical-Shift Encoded MRI for Imaging Fetal Adipose Tissue |
| Stephanie A Giza1, Simran Sethi1, Genevieve Eastabrook2,3, Barbra de Vrijer2,3, and Charles A McKenzie1,3 | ||
1Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 2Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 3Maternal, Fetal and Newborn Health, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada |
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Keywords: Fetal, Fat Fat fractions in fetal adipose tissue vary across gestation and across different regions of the body, and can be measured by chemical shift encoded MRI which provides accurate measurements of fat fraction above 10%. The assessment of lower fat fractions can be improved by increasing flip angle, but this introduces T1 bias. We demonstrated that this T1 bias can be corrected using fetal adipose tissue water and lipid T1 values, preserving accuracy of the fat fraction measurement while simultaneously improving its precision in fetal adipose tissue.
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| 2342 | Computer 171
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Feto-placental oxygenation and brain development in fetal growth restriction |
| Emily Peacock1, Paponrad Tontivuthikul2, Joanna Chappell1, Nada Mufti1,2, Janina Schellenberg2, Michael Ebner1, Sebastien Ourselin1,3, Anna David2,4,5, Rosalind Aughwane2, and Andrew Melbourne1,2,3 | ||
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4University Hospital KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 55NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Image Reconstruction, Brain, Fetus, Machine Learning State-of-the-art machine learning algorithms were applied to create MRI 3D super-resolution reconstructions of fetal brains to analyse brain development in fetal growth restriction. Reconstructions were segmented into the grey matter, white matter, deep grey matter, cerebellum and brainstem, and volumetric and cortical surface data was extracted. We found that the five brain regions segmented were significantly smaller in the FGR cohort than in controls, and that this effect was linked to feto-placental blood oxygen saturation. FGR fetuses showed evidence of brain sparing from MRI and ultrasound measurements and preservation of tissue relationships, such as the grey:white matter ratio. |
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Associations between Maternal Depression during Pregnancy and Neonatal Brain Resting-State Functional Connectivity |
| Xiaoxu Na1, Aline Andres2,3,4, Charles M. Glasier1, Jayne Bellando2, Haitao Chen5,6,7, Wei Gao5,6, and Xiawei Ou1,2,3,4 | ||
1Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States, 2Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States, 3Arkansas Children’s Nutrition Center, Little Rock, AR, United States, 4Arkansas Children’s Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, United States, 5Biomedical Sciences and Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Keywords: Neonatal, fMRI (resting state) This study reports associations between maternal depression symptoms during pregnancy and neonatal brain functional connectivity. The mothers self-rated their depression symptoms during pregnancy using Beck Depression Inventory-II, and their newborns underwent a brain MRI examination including structural 3D T1-weighted images and resting-state fMRI for functional connectivity measurements. Most participants scored in the minimal range for depressive symptoms. Significant negative associations between maternal depression symptoms at ~36 weeks of pregnancy and newborn functional connectivity were observed in multiple brain regions/networks, indicating a negative influence of antenatal depression symptoms on neonatal brain functional development even in women with low symptoms of depression. |
| 2344 | Computer 173
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Ultra-high field characterisation of resting state networks in the neonatal brain |
| Tomoki Arichi1,2,3, Philippa Bridgen2,4, Raphael Tomi-Tricot1,4,5, Daniel Cromb1, Paul Cawley1,2, Megan Quirke1,2, Anthony N Price1,2, Enrico De Vita1,4, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh1,3, Serena J Counsell1, A David Edwards1,3, Joseph V Hajnal1,4, and Shaihan Malik1,4 | ||
1Department of Perinatal Imaging, Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4London Collaborative Ultra high field System (LoCUS), Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 5MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Neonatal, fMRI (resting state) Acquiring BOLD fMRI data at ultra-high field offers marked gains in sensitivity and spatial specificity including within cortical layers and distinct subcortical nuclei. We describe the first pilot data demonstrating feasibility of characterizing resting state networks in the neonatal brain using a 7 Tesla system. In 3 neonates imaged at full term, we show that in addition to the canonical networks seen at standard field strengths, ultra-high field fMRI enables network delineation with higher spatial specificity, including better localization to the cortex and with definition of individual networks corresponding to distinct anatomical regions and tissues. |
| 2345 | Computer 174
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Integration of imaging measurements at micro-, meso and macro-scale of the caudal medulla on a postmortem infant subject |
| Caroline Magnain1, Robin Haynes2, Jean Augustinack1, Hannah Kinney2, and Lilla Zollei1 | ||
1MGH, Boston, MA, United States, 2BCH, Boston, MA, United States |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Multimodal, postmortem, brain development The core lesion of SIDS is a set of medullar nuclei with abnormalities correlated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We performed ex vivo whole brain and brainstem MRI, optical coherence tomography and histology at an unprecedented spatial resolution on a postmortem infant brain to investigate the structural properties of the caudal medulla. In our image processing pipeline, we register all image modalities into the same coordinate system along with a rich set of segmentation labels. Such multimodal construction helps us validate imaging findings at various resolution levels and will serve as prior information in automated segmentation solutions. |
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Ultra-high-field 7T Neonatal Proton MRS and Metabolite Relaxation Times |
| Enrico De Vita1,2,3, Maria Yanez-Lopez4, Anthony N Price2,5, Philippa Bridgen3,6, Shaihan Malik2,3, Megan Quirke2,6,7, Raphael Tomi-Tricot3,7,8, Mary A Rutherford2, Joseph V Hajnal2,3,7, and Tomoki Arichi2,6,9 | ||
1MR Physics group, Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 3London Collaborative Ultra high field System (LoCUS), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 4MR Physics Group, Department of Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom, 5MR Physics, Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 6Guys and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 7Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 8MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom, 9MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Spectroscopy, 7T, ultra-high field We present 1H-MRS results from a pilot cohort of newborn infants, acquired on a 7T system. Whilst a customised approach is required for patient preparation and sequence calibrations, our preliminary data points to highly improved sensitivity and data quality at ultra-high field compared to typical spectra from adults at the same field or newborn infants at lower field strengths. We also report initial estimates of T1 and T2 for the main metabolites in the neonatal brain at 7T. |
| 2347 | Computer 176
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Assessing the development of brain's structural connectivity in the perinatal stage with diffusion MRI |
| Yihan Wu1, Lana Vasung1, Davood Karimi1, and Ali Gholipour1 | ||
1Harvard Medical School & Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Data Analysis This study analyzed the development of brain's structural connectivity during the perinatal period using the diffusion MRI data of 263 subjects from the dHCP dataset. We used anatomically constrained probabilistic tractography to reconstruct structural connectomes. We computed connectivity metrics to assess network integration and segregation and tested for the effects of postmenstrual age (PMA), premature birth, and gender. Results showed increasing network integration and segregation with PMA in the range 29 to 45 weeks. Premature birth and male gender were associated with significantly lower rates of increase in global efficiency. |
| 2348 | Computer 177
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Cerebral perfusion in neonates with severe congenital heart disease |
| Alexandra De Silvestro1,2,3, Giancarlo Natalucci4, Maria Feldmann3,5, Cornelia Hagmann3,6, Thi Dao Nguyen4, Seline Coraj4, Beatrice Latal3,5, Walter Knirsch1,3, and Ruth Tuura2,3 | ||
1Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, Department of Surgery, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Center for MR-Research, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 4Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 5Child Development Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 6Department of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Arterial spin labelling We aimed to compare cerebral perfusion in neonates with severe congenital heart disease (CHD) and healthy controls using arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging. Sixty-seven scans of CHD patients and 23 scans of controls were analyzed (postmenstrual age at scan 41.6±1.8 and 41.9±2.1 weeks, respectively). As in healthy neonates, cerebral perfusion in CHD patients increased with age. Whereas age-adjusted whole brain perfusion was similar to controls, redistribution of regional perfusion was detected in CHD patients. Furthermore, the presence of a systemic-to-pulmonary shunt was associated with cerebral hypoperfusion. Effects of cerebral perfusion alterations on neurodevelopment need to be further assessed. |
| 2349 | Computer 178
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Distance-dependent changes in functional connectivity in neonatal brain |
| Yihan Wu1, Ruolin Li1, Yifan Shuai1, Zhiyong Zhao1, and Dan Wu1 | ||
1Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China |
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Keywords: Neonatal, fMRI (resting state) The present study aimed to explore functional connectivity changes with anatomical distance in neonatal brain by using the second dHCP resting-state fMRI dataset. We calculated distance-dependent functional connectivity density (FCD) maps to test for the effect of age, preterm-birth, and gender. Results found that the FCD in neonatal brains showed distance-dependent changes with PMA, in which the short- and long-range FCD changes were associated with maternal environment and postnatal experience, respectively. Moreover, the preterm- and term-born infants showed different patterns in short- and long-range FCD. These findings suggested distance-dependent changes in functional connectivity in neonatal brain during early development. |
| 2350 | Computer 179
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qDWI-Morph: Motion-compensated quantitative Diffusion-Weighted MRI analysis for fetal lung maturity assessment |
| Yael Zaffrani-Reznikov1, Onur Afacan2, Sila Kurugol2, Simon Warfield2, and Moti Freiman1 | ||
1Technion, Haifa, Israel, 2Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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Keywords: Fetal, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques, fetal imaging Quantitative analysis of fetal lung Diffusion Weighted MRI (DWI) data shows potential in providing quantitative imaging biomarkers for assessing fetal lung maturation. However, fetal motion during the acquisition impairs the accuracy and robustness of the analysis. We introduce qDWI-morph, an unsupervised deep-neural network architecture for motion correction and quantitative DWI (qDWI) analysis. We simultaneously estimate the qDWI parameters and the motion model by minimizing a bio-physically-informed loss. The qDWI-morph achieved an improved correlation between qDWI parameters in the fetal lung with the gestational age (R-squared=0.32) over baseline analysis without motion correction (R-squared=0.13) and our network with registration loss solely (R-squared=0.28). |
| 2351 | Computer 180
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Developmental pattern of individual morphometric similarity network in the human fetal brain |
| Ruoke Zhao1, Xinyi Xu1, Zhiyong Zhao1, Mingyang Li1, Ruike Chen1, Yao Shen1, Cong Sun2, Guangbin Wang3, and Dan Wu1 | ||
1College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China |
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Keywords: Fetal, Brain Connectivity The fetal brain morphological network is important for us to understand early brain organization but has not characterized previously. In the study, we constructed fetal individual morphometric similarity networks using multiple cortical features based on in utero MRI data. The results demonstrated the decline of morphological symmetry between hemispheres during development. The morphological similarity between the limbic regions and other regions significantly increased while the similarity between the parieto-occipital regions and other regions significantly decreased. Small world organizations appeared as early as 22 weeks, and the network topology developed towards more integrated and less segregated during fetal period. |
| 2509 | Computer 161
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Brain Network Topology: The Missing Link Between Early Childhood Screen Time Utilization and Executive Function Performance |
| Ai Peng Tan1,2,3, Pei Huang4, Shi Yu Chan4, Zhen Ming Ngoh4, Zi Yan Ong4, Xi Zhen Low5, Evelyn C. Law4,6,7, Peter D. Gluckman4,8, Michelle Z.L. Kee4, Yap Seng Chong4,6,7, Juan H. Zhou6, and Michael J. Meaney4 | ||
1Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 2Diagnostic Imaging, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 3Translational Neuroscience, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore, 4Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Singapore, Singapore, 5Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, SIngapore, Singapore, 6National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 7National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 8Liggins Institute, Auckland, New Zealand |
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Keywords: Normal development, Brain Connectivity Excessive screen time utilization in childhood has been linked to executive dysfunction. Our primary aim was to investigate the potential influence of screen time in early childhood on brain network topology and later executive function (EF). We collected data on screen time (between ages 0-4 years) (n = 950), followed by MRI brain at age 6 (n = 414) and assessment of executive function at age 7 (n = 620). Screen time in early childhood was significantly associated with emotion processing-cognitive control network integration which mediates the effect of screen time on EF performance. |
| 2510 | Computer 162
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A novel VR based and motion tolerant capability for MR imaging of awake young children |
| Kun Qian1, Joseph V Hajnal1, Lucilio Cordero-Grande1,2, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh1, A David Edwards1,3,4, and Tomoki Arichi1,3,4 | ||
1Department of Perinatal Imaging, Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain, 3Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Normal development, New Devices MRI examinations in young children are typically performed during natural or induced sleep to reduce distress and movement artefacts. However, those approaches have high failure rate and/or carry risks. We describe a system for MR imaging in awake children which combines immersive and interactive MR compatible virtual reality, eye tracking, and robust post-acquisition motion correction. We demonstrate effectiveness in a pilot study with a 2 year old child who used the system on 3 occasions for average 19.5 minutes. The described approach opens new possibilities for awake MR studies in young children for both clinical and research purposes. |
| 2511 | Computer 163
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Deep learning-based DWI connectome analysis to improve the prediction of postoperative language improvement in pediatric epilepsy |
| Min-Hee Lee1,2, Nathan Sim3, Marie Papamarcos3, Masaki Sonoda4, Csaba Juhász1,2, Eishi Asano1,5, and Jeong-Won Jeong1,2 | ||
1Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2the Translational Imaging Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Medical Doctor Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan, 5Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Keywords: Neuro, Epilepsy, Prediction of postoperative language improvement in children with epilepsy We present a novel deep learning-based tract classification to effectively remove false positive tract streamlines from preoperative DWI connectome data of children with medically intractable epilepsy. Compared to the prediction model without the presented classification where uncontrollable false positive tracts significantly limit the accurate prediction of postoperative language improvement using local efficiency values of key hub regions in the receptive and expressive language networks, the prediction model with the presented classification enhanced the accuracy of about 34% up to 100%/88% for the prediction of receptive/expressive language improvement, especially when the local efficiency values were combined with the clinical variables. |
| 2512 | Computer 164
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The evaluation of Synthetic MRI and machine learning in differentiating autism and developmental language disorders |
| Yanyong Shen1, Xin Zhao1, Kaiyu Wang2, Qingna Xing1, Honglei Shang1, Hongrui Ren1, Yongbing Sun3, and Xiaoan Zhang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing 100000, PR China, Beijing, China, 3Department of Medical Imaging of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China |
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Keywords: Neuro, Quantitative Imaging, Autism Spectrum Disorder Distinguishing early Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from Developmental language disorder (DLD) in clinical practice is challenging as they are usually diagnose by behavioral tests and subjective observation. The emerging technique Synthetic MRI can be used to quantify the changed in biological tissues. Machine learning is also widely used for improvement of diagnostic performance. This study was aimed to identify ASD from DLD by using Synthetic MRI in combination with machine learning methods. Results show that T1 mapping in Synthetic MRI can be used for differentiation of the two diseases and the SVM model with linear kernel have the best performance. |
| 2513 | Computer 165
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Association of socio-economic status and perceived parental stress effects with infant cortical development |
| Jessica Hyland1, Kay Sindabizera 1, Minhui Ouyang1,2, Tianjia Zhu1,3, Juri Kim1,3, and Hao Huang1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Keywords: Normal development, Gray Matter Environmental factors such as socio-economic status (SES) and parental stress have significant impacts on cognitive performance, but their links to brain development during infancy are not known. We collected high-resolution structural MRI, SES and perceived stress scales (PSS) of 70 infants and their caregivers aged 0-20 months to investigate the association of these environmental factors and brain development. The total brain, gray matter, and white matter volumes all increase rapidly with age. Higher SES is significantly correlated with greater cortical volume, particularly in the right hemisphere. Lower PSS tends to be associated with higher cortical volume, though not significantly. |
| 2514 | Computer 166
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Vascular territorial analysis of cerebral blood flow in pediatric Moyamoya to exclude arterial transit time bias |
| Rahel Heule1,2, Raimund Kottke3, and Ruth Tuura1,2 | ||
1Center for MR Research, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Children’s Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Keywords: Neuro, Arterial spin labelling Delayed perfusion in patients with Moyamoya vasculopathy can lead to a bias in CBF quantification, especially for single-delay ASL acquisitions. In this work, we investigate the clinical utility of arterial transit time corrected CBF derived from a 7-delay prototype ASL sequence for assessment of hemodynamically mediated perfusion failure in pediatric Moyamoya patients. The multi-delay ASL acquisition proved successful in capturing the whole distribution of transit times in the investigated patient cohort and may thus be a valid contrast agent-free alternative to DSC-enhanced perfusion imaging. |
| 2515 | Computer 167
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Cortical alterations after very preterm birth and the association with socio-emotional abilities from childhood to early adolescence |
| Elda Fischi-Gomez1, Vanesssa Siffredi2,3,4, Maria Chiara Liverani5, Cristina Borradori-Tolsa2,5, Russia Hà-Vinh Leuchter6, and Petra Susan Hüppi6 | ||
1Computer Imaging and Machine Learning, CIBM CHUV-EPFL SP Section, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland, 3Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland, 5SensoriMotor, Affective and Social Development Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland, 6Division of Development and Growth, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland |
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Keywords: Adolescents, Pediatric This study compared GM concentration and its developmental trajectory in vey preterm (VPT) and full-term (FT) children aged 6 to 14 years. Widespread abnormal GM concentration was found with complicated patterns of increases/decreases of GM concentration across cortical and subcortical regions. Socio-emotional abilities were association with GM concentration in regions known to be involved in such process for both VPTand FT peers. Our findings suggest the trajectory of brain development following VPT birth may be fundamentally distinctive with impact on socio-emotional abilities. |
| 2516 | Computer 168
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Mechanical Properties of Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors in Children With and Without Neurofibromatosis Type 1 |
| Grace McIlvain1, Abdulhafeez M Khair2, Vinay Kandula2, Gurcharanjeet Kaur2, Andrew Walter2, Lauren Averill2, Arabinda K Choudhary2, Curtis L Johnson1,2, and Rahul M Nikam2 | ||
1University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States, 2Neuroradiology, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, DE, United States |
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Keywords: Neuro, Tumor Pediatric brain tumors have developmental consequences even when prognoses are favorable. Mechanical characterization using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) has previously revealed adult gliomas are softer than brain tissue. However, pediatric tumors are known to differ behaviorally and cytoarchitecturally from adult tumors. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) imparts genetic predisposition to gliomas, but also results in spongiform regions in white matter tissue. Here we use MRE for the first time in NF1 and in pediatric low-grade gliomas and we find that pediatric gliomas are softer than reference tissue, while spongiforms are stiffer. |
| 2517 | Computer 169
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Effects of Intensive sensorimotor training following experimental cerebral palsy assessed by advanced diffusion MRI |
| Yohan van de Looij1,2, Eduardo Sanches1, Ho Dini1, Audrey Toulotte1, Laetitia Baud3, Quentin Barraud3, Rodrigo Araneda4, Yannick Bleyenheuft4, Sylvain Brochard5,6, Gregoire Courtine3, and Stéphane Sizonenko1 | ||
1Department of Paediatrics and Gynaecology-Obstetrics, Division of Development and Growth, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging, Animal Imaging Technology section, Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging, Federal Institute of Technology of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, 5Physical and medical rehabilitation department, CHRU Brest, Brest, France, 6Paediatric physical and medical rehabilitation department, Fondation ILDYS, Brest, France |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Brain, Cerebral palsy, preclinical animal model Injury to the developing brain is a major cause of Cerebral Palsy (CP) leading to motor and cognitive disabilities. HABIT-ILE is a 2-week intensive sensorimotor rehabilitation program with proven effects decreasing motor impairments in infants with CP. Here, we combined early environmental enrichment (EE) and treadmill motor training (TT) to model HABIT-ILE (EETT) for treating experimental CP in rats assessing then histological and microstructural parameters (diffusion MRI at 9.4T). Exvivo DTI/NODDI showed altered brain microstructure in CP rats not reversed by HABIT-ILE. HABIT-ILE modulated BDNF signaling and decreased the over-expression of proteins involved in excitatory function induced by CP. |
| 2518 | Computer 170
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Diagnostic value of adenohypophyseal magnetic resonance imaging features in girls with precocious puberty |
| Dong Liu1, Weiyin Vivian Liu2, Yuanyuan Qin1, Guojun Ding1, and Wenzhen Zhu1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hosptial of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Keywords: Normal development, Endocrine, pituitary gland It is difficult to distinguish IPP from CPP in the clinical diagnosis. GnRH stimulation test has long been considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of CPP and evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation, but it is a high cost and an invasive approach. To simplify examination and dig out an alternative method is necessary. In our study, analysis of clinical data, adenohypophyseal MRI features and laboratory characteristics of PP girls help us better comprehensive PP. A combined model of adenohypophyseal MRI features and clinical characteristics improved the diagnostic efficacy of PP and provided us a non-invasive and reliable diagnostic method. |
| 2519 | Computer 171
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A machine learning model for identifying idiopathic central precocious puberty in girls based on medical images and clinical multi-parameters |
| Yi Lu1, PinFa Zou1, LingFeng Zhang1, lu han2, and Zhihan Yan1 | ||
1Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Keywords: Adolescents, Endocrine Early identification of precocious puberty (PP) is important to guarantee the growth and development of children. The aim of this study was to propose a robust machine learning model that incorporate information from pituitary MRI images, carpal bone age, gonadal ultrasound, baseline sex hormone tests, and clinical information to identify idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). The experiments show that the AUCs are 0.860, 0.862, and 0.866 respectively for the training set, internal validation sets, and external validation sets. The performance suggests that the presented model could be an alternative clinical approach. |
| 2520 | Computer 172
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Disturbed cerebral white matter network topological mediate the symptom severity and cognition in children with obstructive sleep apnea |
| Yi Lu1, Fangfang Chen1, Chenyi Yu2, Tao Chen3, lu han4, Zhihan Yan1, and Yuchuan Fu1 | ||
1Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 2Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 3Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 4Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Keywords: Adolescents, Brain Connectivity, obstructive sleep apnea Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children can cause deficits in cognition. The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms of OSA-related cognitive impairment by investigating the altered topology of brain white matter networks in children with OSA. Based on graph theory and mediating effects analysis, we discovered that OSA had significantly higher global assortativity than control group, and that the nodal clustering coefficients of temporal lobes mediated the relationship between the symptom severity of OSA and the verbal comprehension index. Our findings provided a further neuroimaging evidence of impaired cognitive function in children with OSA. |
| 2521 | Computer 173
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Cortical morphology-based prediction of communication disorder in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy |
| jie hu1,2, yanli yang1, haifeng ran1, jingjing zhang3, cheng he4, heng liu1, and tijiang zhang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, zunyi, China, 2Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Mianyang Hospital of T.C.M, mianyang, China, 4Department of Radiology, Chongqing University Central Hospital,, chongqing, China |
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Keywords: Neuro, Brain This study were preliminarily established an individualized diagnosis model of communication dysfunction in children with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy based on cortical morphological parameters extracted from structure magnetic resonance images by using Support Vector Machines classification algorithm. This may provide a novel idea for the diagnose of communication disorder in children with BSCP. |
| 2522 | Computer 174
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Multimodal quantitative MRI for the assessment of different disease processes in a childhood hypomyelinating leukodystrophy |
| Prativa Sahoo1, Caroline Köhler2, Irini Gkalimani1, Paul Kunte2, Peter Dechent3, Gunter Helms4, Sean Deoni5, Hagen H Kitzler2, and Steffi Dreha Kulaczewski1 | ||
1Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 3Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 4Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5Bill and Medlinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Keywords: Neuro, White Matter, DTI , MTI X-linked Pelizaeus Merzbacher disease is characterized by failure of myelin formation and subsequent axonal damage. Severity of disease courses varies depending on the underlying gene mutation. Eight male patients were recruited for the study. MR-imaging protocol included MTI, MWI for evaluation of myelin related parameters and DTI for assessment of axonal integrity. Decreased values in quantitative MTI and MWI parameter maps and ROI analyses indicated severe myelin deficit in all patients. However, FA reflected various degrees of axonal involvement among patients with deferent genotypes. Multimodal MRI can facilitate assessment of simultaneous disease processes in childhood hypomyelinating leukodystrophies. |
| 2523 | Computer 175
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the value of ASL-based cerebral blood flow and network metrics in evaluating children with MR-negative epilepsy |
| Yi Zhuang1, Chenchen Hua2, Lu Qiu1, and Haoxiang Jiang1 | ||
1Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Wuxi Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China, 2Department of Radiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China |
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Keywords: Neuro, Epilepsy Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. Frontal lobe epilepsy is a common type of seizure after temporal lobe epilepsy, which makes the diagnosis of frontal lobe epilepsy and its treatment difficult due to its presence of not only motor symptoms but also other autonomic symptoms during seizures. Arterial spin labeling can be used to identify brain regions and brain network lesions associated with the propagation of epileptiform activity, and is of higher investigative value especially in children with negative MRI. keyword: Epilepsy, brain network, arterial spin labeling, pediatrics |
| 2524 | Computer 176
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Mesoscale myelin-water fraction and T1/T2/PD mapping using optimized 3D ViSTa-MR Fingerprinting |
| Congyu Liao1,2, Xiaozhi Cao1,2, Siddharth Srinivasan Iyer1,3, Sophie Schauman1,2, Zihan Zhou4, Xiaoqian Yan5, Quan Chen1,2, Ting Gong6, Zhe Wu7, Hongjian He4, Jianhui Zhong4,8, Adam B Kerr2,9, Kalanit Grill-Spector5, and Kawin Setsompop1,2 | ||
1Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 5Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 6Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 7Techna Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, 8Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 9Stanford Center for Cognitive and Neurobiological Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Keywords: Normal development, Microstructure In this work, we developed an optimized ViSTa-MRF method, which combined Visualization of Short Transverse relaxation time component (ViSTa) technique with MR Fingerprinting (MRF), to achieve high-fidelity whole-brain myelin-water fraction (MWF) and T1/T2/PD mapping at sub-millimeter isotropic resolution. To achieve high image quality, fast acquisition, and memory-efficient reconstruction, the proposed ViSTa-MRF sequence leverages a CRLB-optimized flip-angle (FA) protocol, SNR-efficient 3D spiral-projection sampling scheme and a GPU-based subspace reconstruction. We also applied the proposed method to enable high-resolution assessment of MWF/T1/T2 for infant brain development as well as for post-mortem brain sample. |
| 2525 | Computer 177
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Efficacy of virtual reality therapy using functional connectivity and structural measures in children with cerebral palsy |
| S Senthil Kumaran1, N M Shruthi2, Priyanka Bhat3, Sheffali Gulati2, and Tapan Kumar Gandhi4 | ||
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Center for BioMedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, 4Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi, India |
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Keywords: Neuro, fMRI (task based) Hemiparetic cerebral palsy patients were administered Virtual reality therapy (VRT) in addition to constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) in VRT group, and CIMT alone in CIMT group in a randomised trial. Task based functional MRI of left and right fist clenching and structural data were acquired in a 3T MR scanner. Cortical thickness, gyrification (using cat12 toolbox) and functional connectivity (using conn toolbox) results revealed presence of salience and motor networks in the VRT group, highlighting better recovery mechanism stimulated by virtual reality based training. |
| 2526 | Computer 178
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Clinical Utility of Optimised Ultra-Low Field Structural MR Brain imaging in Neonates |
| Paul Cawley1,2,3, Francesco Padormo1,4, Daniel Cromb1,5, Alessandra Maggioni5, Jennifer Almalbis1, Miguel De La Fuente Botell5, Massimo Marenzana1, Rui Teixeira4, UNITY Consortium6, Steve Williams6, Serena Counsell1, Tomoki Arichi1,3, Mary Rutherford1,3, Joseph V Hajnal1, and A David Edwards1,3,5 | ||
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Evelina Children's hospital, London, United Kingdom, 3MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Hyperfine, Inc., Connecticut, CT, United States, 5Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Evelina Children’s Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 6Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Neuro, Low-Field MRI Perinatal brain injury and congenital brain abnormalities are common. Access to definitive neuro imaging is limited globally, particularly within resource constrained settings, or in infants too sick to transfer to scanning departments. New devices utilising ultra-low field magnets may herald a revolution in lower-cost high-access MRI, but preliminary results using manufacturer standard adult-optimised sequences has produced suboptimal image quality in neonates. We performed optimisation of low field MRI pulse sequence design and demonstrate enhanced visualization of key brain tissues and neuroanatomical structures. Neonatal-specific sequences show promising performance across a range of gestational maturities and perinatal brain abnormalities. |
| 2527 | Computer 179
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Functional plasticity development of visual-motor cortex in neonatal brain is modulated by postnatal experience |
| Yifan Shuai1, Ruolin Li1, Yihan Wu1, Zhiyong Zhao1, and Dan Wu1 | ||
1Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China |
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Keywords: Neonatal, Normal development, functional plasticity The present study aimed to investigate how the brain entropy (BEN) changes with age during early development and whether it exists differences between term- and preterm-born neonates. The results found that the BEN in visual-motor cortex was positively correlated with PMA but had no significant correlation with GA, which showed an increase in preterm- than term-born neonates with matched PMA. Moreover, both age and preterm have a significant effect on the functional connectivity between visual-motor cortex and other regions. These findings suggest the functional plasticity development of visual-motor cortex is modulated by early postnatal experience in human neonates. |
| 2528 | Computer 180
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Individualised perioperative brain growth in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD): correlation with clinical risk factors |
| Daniel Cromb1,2, Alexandra Bonthrone1,2, Alessandra Maggioni1, Paul Cawley1,3, Ralica Dimitrova1,4, Christopher Kelly1, Lucilio Cordero-Grande1,5, Olivia Carney1, Alexia Egloff-Collado1, Emer Hughes1, Joseph V Hajnal1,2, John Simpson1,6, Kuberan Pushparajah1,6, Mary Rutherford1,3, A David Edwards1, Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh1,3,4, and Serena J Counsell1,2 | ||
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Department for Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain, 6Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Keywords: Neuro, Brain, Cardiovascular Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments, which may be associated with impaired brain growth. We mapped brain volumes from pre- and postoperative brain MRI in 36 infants with CHD undergoing cardiac surgery or intervention to normative curves derived from 219 healthy infants. Perioperative brain growth was impaired, and was associated with clinical and surgical risk factors, including higher preoperative serum creatinine levels, older postnatal age at surgery, longer cardiopulmonary bypass duration and longer postoperative intensive care stay. Brainstem and deep grey matter growth appear particularly vulnerable to clinical factors. |