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| Monday Digital Poster | Wednesday Digital Poster | Thursday Digital Poster |
| 2299 | Computer 1
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Oxygen Carriers in Treatment of Hypoxic Tumours |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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It is established that tumour hypoxia is a predictor of cancer disease progression, treatment failures, and metastatic potential. There remains a need for oxygen delivery mechanisms for hypoxia reduction. The ideal method for measuring oxygen in tissue is noninvasive and quantitative, allowing tumour pO2 measurements to be obtained before, during, and after treatment. We investigated effects of oxygen nano-carriers on the longitudinal relaxation times of tumour tissues in vivo and a phantom. T1 decreased with increased oxygen concentration in phantom. The injection of the oxygenated nanobubbles resulted in a statistically significant decrease in T1-weighted signal when measured 6-8 minutes post-injection. |
| 2300 | Computer 2
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Investigating the effects of hypoxia on fibroblast invasion and metabolism |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Fibroblast are considered as a major source of Collagen 1 fiber in the tumor stroma and to play a fundamental role in extracellular matrix (ECM) modification. Thus, cancer associated fibroblast has been related with increased tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. In the present study, we want to characterize the effect of different tumor microenvironments, as hypoxia and acidic extracellular pH, in the ability of prostate fibroblast cells to invade and degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM), as well with changes in their metabolome. We used our MR compatible cell perfusion system to assess this. |
| 2301 | Computer 3
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Choline kinase-α downregulation decreases prostate cancer associated fibroblast viability |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly influence the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. CAFs are detected in most tumors and provide a ubiquitous target that is being actively investigated in cancer treatment. In prostate cancer, fibroblasts have been shown to induce growth, confer castration-resistance, and increase metastatic potential. Choline kinase (Chk)-α downregulation has been previously shown to significantly decrease cancer cell viability but its effect on CAFs has not been investigated before. Here we found, for the first time, a significant decrease of prostate cancer fibroblast (PCAF) viability with Chk-α downregulation. |
| 2302 | Computer 4
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Design and validation of an MRI-based oxygen sensor for a cervical cancer clinical trial |
1Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Many cancer patients experience lower survival rates if they have less well oxygenated tumors. Lower tumor oxygen levels can lead to a reduced effectiveness of radiation therapy. The ability to overcome this radiotherapy resistance has been severely limited by the lack of a clinically compatible quantitative oxygen sensing technology. We report the design and validation of a silicone-based oxygen sensor measured with MRI for an approved human clinical trial in patients with cervical cancer. The sensor has been validated for compatibility with the clinical workflow and is specifically designed to achieve the endpoints of the trial. |
| 2303 | Computer 5
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Multiparamter MRI Investigation of High-Grade Glioma Response to CAR T Cell Immunotherapy |
1Department of cancer physiology, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States, 2Irat Shared service, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States, 3Mathematical NeuroOncology Lab Precision Neurotherapeutics innovation program, Mayo clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 5Department of Cancer Immunotherapy and Tumor Immunology, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute and Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States, 6Department diagnostic and interventional radiology, Moffitt Cancer research center, Tampa, FL, United States |
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Immunotherapy is gaining interest for |
| 2304 | Computer 6
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In vivo evaluation of pentose phosphate pathway activity in orthotopic glioma using hyperpolarized δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Flux via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is typically upregulated in tumor cells. Imaging this upregulation could therefore help in monitoring tumor development and response to treatment. A previous study presented the use of hyperpolarized δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone to detect flux through PPP by monitoring its conversion to 6-phospho-[1-13C]gluconate in isolated perfused livers. Here, we demonstrate that HP δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone can also be used to monitor PPP activity in healthy brain and in gliomas, and that the ratio of HP 6-phospho-[1-13C]gluconate to 6-phospho-δ-[1-13C]gluconolactone is significantly higher in tumor regions compared to healthy brain. |
| 2305 | Computer 7
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Tracking adoptive cell transfer of primary human and mouse T-cells in naïve NSG and Balb/c mice, respectively, using PET and MRI methods |
1Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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We determined the biodistribution of adoptively transferred primary T-cells in naïve mice to create a basis for quantifying adoptively transferred modified T-cells in mice cancer models, using PET and MRI cell labeling techniques simultaneously. Separate populations of T-cells were labeled with either a PET (89Zr) or an MRI label (ferumoxytol), and were injected intravenously into mice together. Animals underwent simultaneous PET/MRI imaging up to 5 days following cell injection in an MR Solutions 7 Tesla scanner with a PET camera. We looked at two models: primary mouse T-cells in naïve Balb/c mice and primary human T-cells in naïve NSG. |
| 2306 | Computer 8
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A Pre-Clinical PET/MRI/MRS Study on Lactate Transport Inhibition by Bitter Melon Juice in Pancreatic Cancer Models |
1Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Radiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, displaying poor response to the frontline chemotherapeutics. PDAC cells undergo cellular reprograming to meet their bioenergetic and biosynthetic demands, with glycolytic shift emerging as the primary metabolic hallmark of carcinogenesis. Bitter melon juice (BMJ) is a widely consumed vegetable in Asia; recent studies have reported an increased AMPK phosphorylation and activation in BMJ-treated tumor xenografts. Here, we report on an inhibition of lactate export in PANC1 cells upon BMJ treatment, leading to acidification and cell death mediated by decreased transporter expression of GLUT1 and MCT4, both in vitro and in vivo. |
| 2307 | Computer 9
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13C Metabolomic and Fluxomic Study of Human Melanoma Metabolic Network in vivo |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Information from 13C isotopomers, which appear as multiplets in 13C spectra can be measured and quantified in vivo. Using this additional information alone with extended melanoma tumor bionetwork model has enable simultaneous fitting of experimental dynamic isotopomer turnover curves and evaluation of metabolic parameters and fluxes |
| 2308 | Computer 10
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Comparison of the Capability for Quantitative Distinguishing Malignant from Benign Solitary Pulmonary Nodules among actual DWI, computed DWIs with different b values and FDG-PET/CT |
1Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 2Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 3Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 4Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 5Center for Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan |
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There are no major papers that compared differentiating capability of SPNs among actual DWI (aDWI), computed DWIs (cDWIs)with different b values and FDG-PET/CT in patients with SPN. We hypothesize that cDWI obtained appropriate b value can improve the capability for differentiating malignant from benign SPNs as compared with aDWI and FDG-PET/CT. The purpose of this study is to directly compare the capability for differentiating malignant from benign pulmonary nodules among aDWI, cDWIs with different b values and FDG-PET/CT. |
| 2309 | Computer 11
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Towards a Small Molecule GDPD6 Inhibitor: Investigating Dipyridamole via 1H HRMRS and Computational Studies |
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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We are studying the role of GDPD6 in breast cancer, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target. GDPD6 silencing experiments showed decreased invasion and migration in breast cancer cells. There is currently no small molecule inhibitor for GDPD6. We have identified dipyridamole as potential GDPD6 inhibitor, which can be used both in the lab and potentially in the clinic. We are using a combination of 1H MRS and computational studies to determine how dipyridamole inhibits GDPD6 to evaluate its potential as an inhibitor and identify other potential small molecule inhibitors of GDPD6. |
| 2310 | Computer 12
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Time evolution of extracellular pH with BIRDS in a rabbit model of human liver cancer |
1Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 3Visage Imaging, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States, 4Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Here we report extracellular pH (pHe) mapping with BIRDS using TmDOTP5- in normal and VX2 tumors in rabbit liver tissue. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) was performed and the rabbits were scanned without TACE, or at 1 day and 2 weeks post TACE. The pHe maps show lower pHe in tumor and tumor edge compared to normal liver. Tumor acidity prior to TACE remain at 1 day post TACE, but it is almost normalized at 2 weeks post TACE. The ability to measure pHe in a translational model and compare it with “normal” tissue improves tumor detection and monitoring of tumor treatment. |
| 2311 | Computer 13
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Toward Quantitative MRI Parameter Mapping of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Patient-Derived Xenographs: The Challenge of Tumor Heterogeneity |
1Departments of Radiology, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States, 2Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States, 3Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States |
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Triple negative breast cancer patient-derived xenographs were implanted in the 4th abdominal mammary fat pads of mice enrolled in a ~60 minute, multi-contrast, same-day (morning vs. afternoon), test-retest MRI protocol. Quantitative T1, T2, and ADC maps were acquired. Parameter distributions were characterized by standard statistical measures (mean, median, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) and a Bayesian implementation of the maximum-entropy method-of-moments density function. TNBC PDX T2 maps were found to be markedly more robust to test-retest assessment compared to T1 and ADC maps. These results will inform studies employing MRI assessment of TNBC PDX response to docetaxel/carboplatin therapy. |
| 2312 | Computer 14
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OE-MRI, DCE-MRI and DWI provide complementary response evaluation in patients with rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy |
1Quantitative Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom, 3Department of Clinical Oncology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom, 4Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Biomarkers derived from functional MRI have potential to monitor response to therapy and stratify patient care. In this study of 22 patients with rectal cancer we evaluated the relative merits of using OE-MRI, DCE-MRI and DWI biomarkers to assess response to chemoradiotherapy. We show that OE-MRI is feasible in rectal cancer tumours and provides complementary information to that measured by DWI and DCE-MRI. Data suggests that OE-MRI may be useful as a pharmacodynamic tool to identify hypoxia modification as this was present by day 14, but not at day 7 into therapy. |
| 2313 | Computer 15
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Association between Metabolism Measured by PET/CT and Vascular Parameters Measured by Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI in Spinal Lesions |
1Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States |
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A total of 49 patients with spinal lesions receiving DCE-MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT were analyzed. The ROI was manually placed on strongly enhanced area on MRI to measure DCE enhancement kinetics, and from which the wash-in and maximum enhancement ratio, wash-out slope, Ktrans and kep were extracted. SUVmax was measured from the corresponding lesion on FDG uptake map. The results showed that vascular parameters measured from DCE-MRI were not correlated with glucose metabolism measured by PET/CT; therefore, they represent different aspects of lesion, and may be combined for better staging or predicting prognosis rather than being used for diagnosis. |
| 2314 | Computer 16
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Weekly T2’ and rOEF-mapping monitoring tumor oxygenation in patients with recurrent glioblastoma undergoing antiangiogenetic therapy |
1Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 3Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany |
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For tumor treatment with bevacizumab (BEV), a VEGF-specific antibody, some preclinical reports describe a partial normalization of vessels resulting in a transient improvement in tumor oxygenation, while others observed a decrease in neovascularization, with induction of intratumoral hypoxia. By weekly monitoring rOEF with MRI in six glioblastoma patients until tumor progression according to RANO, we were able to discriminate between two tumor phenotypes with different biological behavior. |
| 2315 | Computer 17
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Quantification of Cerebral Blood Flow using arterial spin labeling in glioblastoma multiforme; challenges of calibration in the presence of oedema. |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) offers a non-invasive and repeatable method for quantifying CBF, a promising biomarker in cancer imaging. However, the consensus for voxelwise calibration may not be appropriate for application in tumours. We hypothesise that voxelwise calibration in the presence of oedema will decrease sensitivity to alterations in CBF, and test this by measuring CBF with pseudocontinurous ASL in seven patients with glioblastoma multiforme, comparing the impact of voxelwise, white matter, and CSF calibration on tumour CBF. Calibration choice significantly affects absolute CBF; with a loss of CBF contrast in tumours when using voxelwise calibration, which may have clinical implication. |
| 2316 | Computer 18
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The effect of sunitinib treatment assessed by intravital microscopy and DCE-MRI in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenografts |
1Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway |
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The effect of sunitinib treatment was evaluated by DCE-MRI, intravital microscopy, and immunohistochemistry in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) xenografts growing in dorsal window chambers or intramuscularly in the hind leg of mice. Sunitinib selectively removed small-diameter vessels and increased blood flow velocity. The increased blood flow velocity was not sufficient to compensate for the loss of tumor vessels, and, consequently, sunitinib-treated PDAC xenografts showed increased fractions of hypoxic tissue. Ktrans derived by pharmacokinetic analysis of DCE-MRI data was sensitive to microvascular density and hypoxia in both untreated and sunitinib-treated PDAC xenografts. |
| 2317 | Computer 19
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Correlation of Multiparametric MRI with extracellular pH mapping in a Rabbit Model for Liver Cancer |
1Yale University, New London, CT, United States |
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) was studied using multiparametric MRI in a rabbit liver tumor model, comparing native T1 and T2* mapping, ADC, and dynamic contrast enhanced parameters, with extracellular pH maps. Tumor heterogeneity was well characterized by parametric mapping. |
| 2318 | Computer 20
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Implementation of A Novel Deep Learning Network on Predicting Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Mutation in Patients with Gliomas |
1Medical Physics Program, Duke Kushan University, Kunshan, China, 2Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the Inception-ResNet to reduce image pre-processing and improve the prediction accuracy of the IDH status of gliomas. The T1w-post contrast, T2, and FLAIR images of 91 glioma patients after intensity normalization are fed to the network as training and validation set, and another group of 12 patients is randomly selected as the test set. The prediction accuracies of two repeated experiments are consistent, both greater than 90%. The result shows that with Inception-Resnet, IDH status could be predicted at a high accuracy with minimal image pre-processing. |
| 2319 | Computer 21
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Interrogations of Human Lung Cancer Metabolomics Measured from Intact Tissue Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Mass Spectrometry Imaging |
1University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 2MGH/Harvard Medical School, Combridge, MA, United States, 3MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States, 5Radiology and Pathlogy, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Current radiology can detect small lung cancer (LuCa) lesions. However, their high costs coupled with their unproven efficacies as screening tools have prevented their use in annual screening protocols to detect LuCa at early and clinically asymptomatic stages. A simple and non-invasive screening technique, preferably a blood test, is needed to control the disease. Here we present results from mass spectrometry imaging that can produce localized “microscopic” maps of cancer metabolomic distributions revealed by high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HRMAS MRS), and can further assist establish blood serum LuCa biomarkers from analyses of human LuCa tissue-serum paired samples. |
| 2320 | Computer 22
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Differentiating infiltrative tumor from vasogenic edema in glioblastom using oxygen-enhanced MR imaging |
1Hefei Cancer Hospital, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China |
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Glioblastoma (GBM) induces both vasogenic edema and extensive tumor cells infiltration, both of which present with similar appearance and not be differentiated on conventional MRI. To distinguish between these infiltrative tumor and vasogenic edema components within the nonenhancing lesion area using novel techniques thus holds great clinical importance. Oxygen-enhanced MRI may directly reflect tissue oxygenation, has shown promising applications in the measurement of hypoxia or radiation-induced necrosis. Therefore, in this study we explored the possibility to differentiate vasogenic edema from infiltrative tumor in patients with GBM using oxygen-enhanced MRI. The results showed significant more negative ΔR1 levels (p < 0.05) were observed in the infiltrative tumor area compared to those in the vasogenic edema and tumor site. Oxygen-enhanced MR imaging has thus the potential to differentiate infiltrative tumor from vasogenic edema in glioblastoma. |
| 2321 | Computer 23
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Lactate chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI as a biomarker for differentiating lactate dehydrogenase activity in 9L and F98 glioma |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar, 3Laboratory Animal research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar |
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Lactate chemical exchange saturation transfer (LATEST) MRI method has been shown to be applicable in detecting and imaging changes in the lactate level in human subjects post heavy exercise and to measure the lactate in a mouse model of lymphoma. In this study, LATEST was implemented to differentiate the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in vivo in two different preclinical glioma models. The two gliomas studied are widely used 9L (highly immunogenic, gliosarcoma) and F98 (weakly immunogenic, glioblastoma). The LATEST contrast was found to be higher in the tumor region of F98 rats compared to the 9L glioma carrying rats. |
| 2322 | Computer 24
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PET/MRI as a sensitive diagnostic tool for peritoneal carcinomatosis: early results from a single center prospective study |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Nuclear Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to assess the diagnostic value of PET/MRI for diagnosis and spatial localization of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) in patients prior to potential cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). We found that PET/MRI is sensitive and accurate at predicting PC at the patient level as compared to surgery, the reference standard. However, PET/MRI was not to as accurate in localizing PC in the abdominopelvic cavity. Findings need to be validated in a larger study. |
| 2323 | Computer 25
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PET/MRI versus PET/CT in Oncology: A Prospective Single-center Study Focusing on Implications for Patient Management and Cost Considerations |
1Medical University of Vienna, Wien, Austria, 2Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4Siemens Healthineers, Vienna, Austria |
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To prospectively investigate the clinical impact of PET/MRI, compared to PET/CT, in a mixed population of cancer patients, and to perform an economic evaluation of PET/MRI. 263 patients (330 same-day PET/CT and PET/MRI examinations) were analyzed. PET/MRI was accurate in 319/330 examinations, and PET/CT in 277/330 examinations; respective accuracies (97.3% vs. 83.9%) differed significantly (P<0.001). Additional findings on PET/MRI had implications for clinical management in 21/263 patients (8.0%). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for PET/MRI were 22.47 EUR (~26.28 USD) per percent of diagnostic accuracy, and 37.64 EUR (~44.06 USD) per percent of correctly managed patients. |
| 2324 | Computer 26
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Golden angle radial undersampling to accelerate synthetic CT generation with generative adversarial networks for prostate MR-guided Radiotherapy |
1Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Image Science Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Synthetic-computed tomography (sCT) is crucial to enable MR-only radiotherapy and accurate MR-based dose calculations. In this work, we assessed the feasibility of using undersampled golden angle radial acquisition in combination with a conditional adversarial network to accelerate both acquisition and sCT generation for patients with prostate cancer. Golden angle radial acquisitions were simulated for several undersampling factors in a retrospective manner on 3D Cartesian spoiled gradient-echo data that were clinically acquired on |
| 2325 | Computer 27
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Rapid 4D-MRI reconstruction using a Deep RAdial ConvoLutionAl neural network: Dracula |
1Joint Department of Physics, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2CR UK Cancer Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiotherapy, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Medical Physics in Radiology, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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4D-MRI could inform online treatment plan adaptation on MRI guided radiotherapy systems, but long iterative reconstruction times (> 10 minutes) limit its use. A deep convolutional neural network was trained to learn the joint MoCo-HDTV algorithm and high-quality 4D-MRI (1.25x1.25x3.3 mm3, 16 respiratory phases) were reconstructed from gridded raw data in 27 seconds. Calculated 4D-MRI exhibited a high structural similarity index (0.97 ± 0.013) with the iteratively reconstructed test images and only a minor loss of fine details. Despite exclusively training the network on data from a diagnostic scanner, 4D-MRI were successfully reconstructed from raw data acquired on an MR-linac. |
| 2326 | Computer 28
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A deep neural network based model for treatment response prediction using longitudinal diffusion MRI |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Pathology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Radiation Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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A deep neural network based model was proposed to predict post-radiotherapy treatment effect score for localized soft tissue sarcoma patient using longitudinal diffusion MRI. Diffusion images were acquired three times throughout patient’s hypofractionated radiotherapy treatment. A convolutional neural network was constructed to learn the most useful spatial features from the tumor ADC maps at each time point, which is then fed into a recurrent neural network to exploit the temporal information between the extracted features. Excellent prediction performance of 97.4% accuracy on slice-based classification, and 95% accuracy on patient-based classification were achieved on independent test sets. |
| 2327 | Computer 29
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Investigation of Abdominal Organ Respiratory Motion Probability Distribution Function and its Inter-Fractional Reproducibility Assessment Using Fast Volumetric 4D-MRI for Probability-Based Radiotherapy Planning |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China |
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Respiratory motion is a major concern in radiotherapy (RT) in liver cancer patients. Probability-based treatment planning is an evolving approach for tumor motion management. A major hurdle of this approach is that the dosimetric error is tightly linked to the reproducibility of the tumor motion probability density function (PDF). Previous studies in lung used single-slice dynamic MRI for PDF reproducibility evaluation that could only captured the 2D respiratory motion restricted by the MRI acquisition speed. Moreover, inter-subject and inter-fractional variability of time evolved PDF might be underestimated by using just two fractions. In this study, we aim to investigate the inter-fractional and inter-subject abdominal motion PDF and its reproducibility using an ultrafast volumetric 4D- MRI. |
| 2328 | Computer 30
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Respiratory motion characterization and motion uncertainty estimation using a fast 3D+t MRI and bootstrapping for abdominal radiotherapy |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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Respiratory motion characterization and uncertainty estimation is important in radiotherapy treatment |
| 2329 | Computer 31
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Baseline Tumor Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Value Can Predict First-line Sunitinib Therapy Response of Stage IV Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma |
1Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospitall, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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Our single-center retrospective study focused on Stage IV Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma patients who received first-line sunitinib therapy and found that baseline tumor apparent diffusion coefficient value derived from 3T diffusion weighted imaging showed different level in different response group. Baseline tumor ADC value also had significant correlation with progression-free survival. Patients with higher tumor ADC value had significantly longer progression-free survival. Basline tumor ADC can be a potential predictor in assessing targeted therapy response of Stage IV ccRCC. |
| 2330 | Computer 32
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Treatment response and recurrence prediction on MR during radiotherapy in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Weekly MR imaging allows for tumor monitoring during treatment. T2 weighted imaging and distortion-free DW-TSE SPLICE were acquired weekly in 20 patients. Changes in volume and ADC could be followed over the course of (chemo)radiotherapy: volume decreases and ADC increases. Tumor delineation is crucial and becomes increasingly difficult during treatment. For the current patient population, 4 patients developed recurrent disease. However, volume changes measured on T2 weighted imaging and ADC changes did not yet show to be prognostic of tumor recurrence. |
| 2331 | Computer 33
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Respiratory motion variability in 4D-MRI for MR-guided radiotherapy |
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2MR Code B.V., Zaltbommel, Netherlands, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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Respiratory-induced motion of abdominal tumors can lead to displacements up to five centimeter, making radiotherapy treatments very challenging. The respiratory motion can be characterized by a 4D-MRI, acquired prior to treatment. In this study we investigate how long the 4D-MRI is valid for after acquisition. Additionally, the longitudinal validity of a motion model, derived from the 4D-MRI is assessed. |
| 2332 | Computer 34
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Radiomic analysis to determine glioma’s IDH1 gene status based on multi-MR sequences |
1graduate school, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, 2Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China, 3Department of Pathology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, China, 4Innovation Department, Huiying Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China |
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The purpose of this retrospective study was to demonstrate the feasibility of radiomic methods to determine glioma’s IDH1 gene status based on MR imaging. We used a training set (99 patients)with a test set (29 patients), and extracted 1029 radiomic features from each sequence of T2WI, ADC, FLAIR, T1WI-CE and the combined, then reduced by Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Five logistic regression classifiers were built based on training set, evaluated using test set and compared by DeLong test. The results indicated the radiomics of combined four sequences had the best performance in distinguishing IDH1 gene status. |
| 2333 | Computer 35
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Reproducible radiomic features from post-chemoradiation T2-weighted MRIs can more accurately discriminate pathologic T stage in rectal cancer patients |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We present initial results for identifying |
| 2334 | Computer 36
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Directional-gradient based radiomic descriptors from pre-treatment perfusion DSC-MRI to differentiate long-term from short-term survivors in Glioblastoma: Preliminary findings |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We explored the utility of radiomic analysis to identify radiomic features (computer extracted features from MRI) that distinguish long-term survival patients from their short-term survival counterparts based on the pre-treatment perfusion DSC-MRI. Initial results indicate that dynamically extracted radiomic features from enhancing tumor and infiltrative edges on perfusion scans can segregate the 2 survival groups. A non-invasive means of predicting survival based on perfusion imaging may help clinicians to determine prognosis, and inform treatment strategy. |
| 2335 | Computer 37
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Early non-invasive prediction of response to Temozolomide in low-grade glioma |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Newly diagnosed low-grade glioma (LGG) patients have a relatively long survival, but nonetheless ultimately recur. New therapies are therefore being considered for LGG. One approach is the use of Temozolomide, previously reserved for treating high grade glioblastoma. However, early indicators of response are still needed. Here, we investigated response to Temozolomide treatment in an orthotopic LGG mouse model. Using 1H MRS we detected an early decrease in total choline and a surprising increase in both glutamine and glutamine plus glutamate that were associated with ultimate tumor shrinkage. This identifies potential early metabolic biomarkers of response to Temozolomide treatment in LGG. |
| 2336 | Computer 38
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4DMRI-based abdominal corset study for radiotherapy purposes |
1Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Heidelberg Institute for Radiooncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 4X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 6Department of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 7Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 8Center for Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany |
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Abdominal organ motion provides challenges for radiotherapy treatments, leading to inhomogeneous dose distributions with over- and underdosage regions in the target volume. Repeated 4D-MRI acquisitions, allow to analyze inter- and intrafractional spatial motion. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of abdominal corsets for motion reduction purposes, based on repeated 4D-MRI data sets. We found pronounced reductions in cranio-caudal and anterior-posterior direction using corsets, which additionally lead to more reproducible motion amplitudes. Lower amplitudes and better reproducibility are beneficial for radiotherapy and could lead to smaller irradiation margins and dose reductions to healthy tissue. |
| 2337 | Computer 39
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Response monitoring by DCE-MRI in an experimental prostate tumor after single dose 12C-ion and photon radiotherapy |
1Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 4Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 6Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 7Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 8Clinical Cooperation Unit Radiation Therapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 9Department of Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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A series of DCE-MRI measurements was used to quantify the vascular changes after therapeutic and subtherapeutic doses of photon and 12C-ion irradiation of the anaplastic rat prostate tumor Dunning R3327-AT1. DCE-MRI data were analyzed by pharmacokinetic modelling employing the Extended Tofts model. Independent of dose, 12C-ions led to stronger and earlier treatment response than photons within the observation period indicated by increased Ktrans and ve parameters. Results were correlated to histological analyses for microvascular density, vessel maturity, tumor hypoxia, and proliferation that further underlined the faster, stronger, and more homogeneous treatment response after 12C-ion irradiation. |
| 2338 | Computer 40
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Change of Radiotherapy Planning Target Volume Delineated on Pre-Treatment and mid-RT Follow-up MRI After 3-4 Weeks of Treatment |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States, 4Department of Radiology, E-Da Hospital and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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As tumor shows substantial shrinkage over the course of treatment, should radiation treatment volume be adjusted? A quantitative method using “radial distance”- the distance from the outer boundary of the tumor to the center of the rectum, was developed to evaluate the gross tumor volume (GTV) delineated on MRI acquired before treatment and after 3-4 weeks of radiation. In 35 patients, the mean tumor volume decreased from 19.1 to 10.5 cm3 but the mean radial distance only decreased slightly from 16.3 to 15.6 mm. When the remaining tumor was close to the rectal wall, the PTV should not be adjusted. |
| 2339 | Computer 41
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Quantifying Information Content of Multiparametric MRI Data for Automatic Tumor Segmentation using CNNs |
1Dept.of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Multimodality imaging with CT, PET, and MRI is the basis for precise tumor segmentation in radiation therapy. We analyze which MR imaging contrasts mainly improve the segmentation performance of a CNN by training multiple networks using different input channels. The predictive value of 7 different contrasts is compared for two tumor regions, gross tumor volume and lymph node metastasis, in head and neck tumor patients. |
| 2340 | Computer 42
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Integration of DCE-MRI Texture Features with Clinical Data for Improved Early Prediction of Breast Cancer Therapy Response |
1Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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This study investigated the effect of integrating clinical data with DCE-MRI texture features in early prediction of breast cancer therapy response. DCE-MRI data collected from 55 breast cancer patients before and after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Texture features were extracted from voxel-based DCE-MRI parametric maps. Predictive performances with imaging features alone and in combination with clinical features were assessed and compared. Addition of clinical features to image texture features increased predictive capability in discriminating pathologic complete response (pCR) vs. non-pCR compared to using imaging features alone. |
| 2341 | Computer 43
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Comparison of DCE-MRI Parametric Map-Based Features for Early Prediction of Breast Cancer Therapy Response |
1Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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DCE-MRI data from 55 breast cancer patients collected before and after the first cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were subjected to pharmacokinetic analysis. Four texture features, GLCM, RLM, single- and multi-resolution fractals extracted from DCE-MRI parametric maps, were analyzed for early prediction of therapy response. Generally, the multi-resolution fractal features from individual maps or the concatenated features from all parametric maps showed better predictive performance. The results suggest that multi-resolution analysis, which decomposes the texture at various spatial-frequency scales, may more accurately capture changes in tumor vascular heterogeneity as measured by DCE-MRI, and thus provide better early prediction of therapy response. |
| 2342 | Computer 44
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SLICs Algorithm for Non-Invasive Response Evaluation in Osteosarcoma with Multiparametric MR Imaging |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Medical Oncology, IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Radio Diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Osteosarcoma is a highly morbid bone-tumor with poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant-chemotherapy(NACT) is the current standard of care. The response of NACT is judged on Histopathology-examination(HPE) after surgical resection of tumor. However, a non-invasive and accurate methods for evaluation of treatment response during the course of therapy is highly desirable. In this research, a Simple-linear-iterative-clustering supervoxels(SLICs) algorithm based methodology using multiparametric MRI (T2,DWI and ADC) has been developed for identification of sub-parts of tumor (active-tumor, necrosis). The volume of active-tumor and necrosis were estimated using this novel approach in patients with OS, before NACT(baseline) and after 3 cycles of NACT(follow-up). The level of necrosis estimated using SLICs and measure with HPE showed a close match. SLICs based estimation of necrosis level is a non-invassive technique that can be useful in response evaluation of cancer imaging. |
| 2343 | Computer 45
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Diffusion-weighted MRI for assessing longitudinal effect of radiation (photon beam) versus proton beam therapy on cranial bone marrow in children treated for brain tumors |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 3Dept. of Clinical Oncology, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 4Children's and Young Person's Unit and Haemato-oncology Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 5Department of Neuroradiology, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Bone marrow ADC measurements were feasible from the clivus in children. Measurements were reproducible (95% confidence intervals -5.5% to +11%). Following radiation (photon) treatment or proton beam therapy, there was an early rise in ADC at 2 months consistent with bone marrow edema, followed by a fall. The level of early ADC increase (39% for radiation therapy, 42% for proton beam therapy) and pattern of change was similar in both treatment regimens. |
| 2344 | Computer 46
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Extended texture analysis of unenhanced T1 and T2 sequences on whole body MRI for evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tubinga, Tubinga, Germany, 2Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany |
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Extended texture analysis of unenhanced T1 and T2 sequences on whole body MRI for evaluation of response to chemotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma. Patients in a pre-treatment and post-treatment setting using a standardized imaging protocol and a standardized hematological and clinical surveillance were included. 107 features, based on the pyradiomics library, were analyzed for the main medullary lesion in myeloma patients. Extracted texture features were able to discriminate between responders and non-responders at follow-up in particular when using T2-imaga data. |
| 2345 | Computer 47
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Genomically and Radiographically Adjusted Dose (GRAD) Framework for Biologically Adaptive MR-guided Radiotherapy |
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Tumor burden, tumor proliferation, and tumor hypoxia, all of which vary in space and time, are evidence-based contributors of radiotherapy failure. In addition, it has been demonstrated that gene expression can influence radiosensitivity. We demonstrate here the initial feasibility of a framework to incorporate genomic and radiographic information to derive patient-specific, voxelwise radiation dose prescription maps for use in a biologically adaptive MR-guided radiotherapy (BAMRgRT) strategy. |
| 2346 | Computer 48
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MRI Independent Predictors of Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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In order to tapped the potential of pCR prediction on T2WI comprehensively, both quantitative and qualitative parameters were evaluated in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. A development group were enrolled to assess these parameters and an external validation group to verify the diagnostic performance. Post-nCRT CATV (CATVpost) and the reduction rate of SIT (SITRR) were proved that were independently associated with pCR and can help for pCR prediction. |
| 2347 | Computer 49
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The Evaluation of Signal Intensity Related Predictors on T2-weighted for Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China |
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In order to evaluate the value of tumor signal intensity related parameters on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pathological complete response (pCR) prediction, the signal intensity of tumor(SIT) and the muscle(SIM) were both measured automatically, SIT was defined as an absolute T2W signal intensity of tumor, and SIM was used to correct SIT, resulting in the relative T2W signal intensity(SIT/M), the reduction rate of SIT and SIT/M were calculated.Post-nCRT SIT(SITpost), post-nCRT SIT/M(SIT/Mpost), SITRR and SIT/MRR were proved to be significantly different between pCR and non-pCR, and The diagnositic efficiency is better in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma than mucinous adenocarcinoma. |
| 2348 | Computer 50
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Application of 3D_NerveVIEW to neurography of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in radiotherapy treatment planning |
1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Hongkong, China |
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In radiotherapy, CT/MR images are used to delineate the region of targets and normal structures. In this study, 3D_NerveVIEW sequence was performed on a volunteer, and then the image of cranial nerve was rigidly registered and fused to CT image. In the fused image, the cranial nerve had better visualization than CT and T1w images, and the contour of nerve was easily identified. Which could improve the accuracy of nerve contour and reduce the radiotherapy-induced nerve palsy. |
| 2349 | Computer 51
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An analysis of post-processing steps for residue function dependent DSC-MRI biomarkers through their clinical impact on glioma diagnosis for both 1.5 and 3T |
1Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Several recent initiatives have focused on optimizing and standardizing DSC-MRI imaging protocols and post-processing steps. With the availability of public imaging databases that include clinical outcomes, various post-processing steps can be carefully assessed for their impact on the clinical outcomes. Here we evaluated post-processing steps for advanced perfusion biomarkers that relay on determining the residue function by examining the clinical impact of each step. In summary we determined that updating the current deconvolution steps is beneficial, and that normalization allows for tumor grading across clinical field strengths. |
| 2350 | Computer 52
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Bolus arrival time estimation for DCE-MRI signals without fast up-slope |
1Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO) and National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), Heidelberg, Germany, 5Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 6Department of Medical Physics in Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 7Natural Sciences and Humanities, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Schweinfurt, Germany |
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Accuracy in pharmacokinetic modelling of DCE-MRI data can be impaired due to a delay between the contrast agent arrival in the tissue of interest and an artery further upstream. To correct the delay, bolus arrival times (BATs) are estimated from the concentration curves. However, the state-of-the-art method for estimating BATs may give unsatisfactory results if the curves do not exhibit a fast up-slope. We propose a spline-based method for BAT estimation for concentration curves without fast up-slopes which are often observed in small animal data. The proposed method gives accurate results on simulated and in vivo acquired rat data. |
| 2351 | Computer 53
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IDH Genotypes Differentiation in Glioblastomas Using DWI and DSC-PWI in the Enhancing and Peri-Enhancing Region |
1Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 2Scientific Marketing, SIEMENS Healthcare, Diagnostic Imaging, Shanghai, China |
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the contribution of DWI and DSC-PWI in the peri-enhancing region for discriminating glioblastomas IDH genotypes. Further, the diagnostic value of this two MR techniques were compared with those in the enhancing portion. Features of conventional MRI, rADCmin-t, rADCmin-p, rCBVmax-t and rCBVmax-p were compared between IDH-m and IDH-w glioblastomas. IDH-mutated glioblastomas tended to present in frontal lobes and younger patients. Both rCBVmax-t and rCBVmax-p show significant difference between two subgroups, while rADCmin-t and rADCmin-p do not. The results showed that the accuracy of rCBVmax-p is higher than that of rCBVmax-t in the diagnosis of IDH-m glioblastomas. rCBVmax-p may have a better diagnostic value than rCBVmax-t in predicting IDH glioblastomas genotypes. |
| 2352 | Computer 54
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Evaluating the effectiveness of preload in mitigating the leakage effect of dynamic contrast susceptibility MRI |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 4Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast (DSC) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with low molecular weight Gadolinium based contrast agent (GBCA) is often confounded by GBCA’s leakage into intersitium space. Thus, pre-DSC injection of GBCA (preload) is often used to mitigate the underestimation of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) due to the leakage of GBCA. Here, we present results to demonstrate that preload is generally effective. However, small dose effect could still be expected in the process. |
| 2353 | Computer 55
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Bayesian Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Validation and Application |
1Department of Radiology, LMU University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Div of Paediatric Neuroradiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We implemented a tracer-kinetic model within a Bayesian framework which infers full posterior probability distributions for parameter estimates. We validate our Bayesian model using a digital reference object and compare it to a standard non-linear least squares approach. Furthermore, we use this approach to obtain pharmacokinetic parameter distributions during the course of a therapy for breast cancer DCE-MRI data, and we demonstrate how Bayesian posterior distributions can be utilized to assess treatment response. |
| 2354 | Computer 56
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Investigating How to Optimally Combine Multimodal MRI Data to Better Identify Glioblastoma Infiltration. |
1Glasgow Experimental MRI Center, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2Centre of Clinical Brain Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 4University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 5Glasgow university, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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The infiltration of glioblastoma tumour cells into normal tissue presents a major obstacle to effective treatment, may then be responsible for tumour recurrence after surgery. Clinical MRI failed to detect the invasion of tumour cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the information contained in the individual MR images and multi-regression analysis can be used to probe of invasion, applying a mouse model of an infiltrative brain tumour. |
| 2355 | Computer 57
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Accuracy and precision of DCE-MRI acquired with golden-angle radial k-space under-sampling |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2National Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), St James Hospital / Trinity College University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland, 3Philips Healthcare, Surrey, United Kingdom |
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The effects of using a continuous golden-angle radial k-space sampling trajectory, with varying degrees of under-sampling and compressed sensing image reconstruction, on the accuracy and precision of pharmacokinetic modeling of DCE data, were quantitatively investigated. DCE image temporal resolutions (Tres) ranging from 1.85s to 0.09s (corresponding to radial sampling densities of 100% to 4.68%) produced absolute accuracy/precision errors in all Ktrans, ve and kep values of ≤ 2%/4% (for Tres =1.85s) to ≤ 12%/11% (for Tres =0.09s), respectively. These results demonstrate that DCE image acquisition protocols can be designed which constrain pharmacokinetic parameter value errors within prescribed thresholds. |
| 2356 | Computer 58
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Optimized tumor volumes by dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging for assessing response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer |
1Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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We evaluated several methods of measuring tumor volumes on DCE MRI for assessment of treatment response in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), including functional tumor volume (FTV), enhanced tumor volume(ETV), and clinical tumor volume (CTV). We compared different parameters for measurement of functional tumor volume at baseline as well as its changes during therapy, and established optimal parameters for FTV measurements. We found that optimized FTV and ETV have potential to serve as an imaging biomarker for evaluation of NAC treatment response in TNBC patients |
| 2357 | Computer 59
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Quantitative ADC measurement of breast cancer with ssEPI and reduced FOV diffusion weighted imaging techniques |
1Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Diagnostic Radiology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Cancer Systems Imaging, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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The goal of this study was to assess differences in quantitative ADC of breast cancer between ssEPI and rFOV DWI techniques. The two techniques were used to acquire breast DWI images in 27 patients at three different time points during their neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor ADC from the two techniques at baseline and mid-treatment scans show strong correlation and minimal bias. However, tumor ADC from the two techniques at pre-surgery correlated more moderately and showed a slight bias. The relative and absolute changes in ADC at mid-treatment or pre-surgery from baseline showed only moderately-strong non-parametric correlation between the two techniques. |
| 2358 | Computer 60
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Non-gaussian IVIM-DWI for HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer patients who received marked dose de-escalation in chemo-radiotherapy: Intra-treatment imaging response evaluation |
1Medical Physcis, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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This study aims to evaluate treatment response in human papillomavirus-related (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using pre- treatment (TX), intra- TX week 1, 2, 3, and post-TX week 4 quantitative imaging metrics derived from non-Gaussian IVIM DWI. ADC and D showed a significant increase between pre- and post-TX week 4 in complete response (CR) group, who were treated with dose de-escalation to 30Gy chemo-radiation therapy. |
| 2359 | Computer 61
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Readout-segmented vs. Single Shot Diffusion MRI for Radiation Therapy Planning in Head and Neck Tumor |
1Dept.of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Image distortion is a major limitation in radiation therapy (RT) planning, especially for diffusion weighed imaging in regions with strong B0-inhomogeneity. In this study we analyze the improvement of Readout-segmented-EPI over conventional single shot EPI in the geometrically challenging anatomical region of the neck. RS-EPI effectively increases geometric accuracy in head and neck tumor DWI and significantly reduces ghosting artifacts at the cost of a slightly prolonged acquisition time. Therefore it has proven a clear clinical benefit compared to standard SS-EPI. |
| 2360 | Computer 62
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Combined diffusion and perfusion MRI in Glioblastoma predicts glial stem cells proliferation and aggressiveness |
1UMR 1214 Toulouse Neuroimaging Center, INSERM, Toulouse, France, 2Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3U1037 Toulouse Cancer Research Center, INSERM, TOULOUSE, France |
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Interpretation of diffusion and perfusion MRI in the hyper-FLAIR is challenging. In this work, biopsies were extracted from 16 subjects and infiltrative tumorous stem cells were counted and cultivated intraoperatively to measure their aggressiveness. Diffusion was found to be a good predictor of the time to form tumorous neurospheres. Glioblastoma stem cells were found preferably in regions with strong perfusion, that is to say near vascular niches. |
| 2361 | Computer 63
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Getting more from less: a morphological model of diffusion in the prostate for improving the predictive power of DWI in identifying tumors. |
1Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom |
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We constructed a morphological model of diffusion in the prostate from a limited number of diffusion-weighted images to increase the sensitivity of such diffusion imaging to the presence of prostate cancer. Estimating the measurement error (9.9%) and characterizing the prostate from a large public dataset (n=206) has shown morphological relationships (|r|>0.5) and provided distributions and relationships within the available ADC measures. A model can then be used to give expected values to test against, and enable much larger datasets to be synthesized with the aim of testing various machine learning approaches. |
| 2362 | Computer 64
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Serial ADC measurements in the T2 hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter of glioblastoma patients correlates with survival |
1Department of Radiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary intracranial tumor and, despite multi-modal treatment, the prognosis remains poor. Additional tools to improve early detection or evaluate treatment response are highly desirable. We evaluated serial ADC measurements in the T2-hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter at 1.5 T in thirty-five subjects diagnosed with glioblastoma and treated by surgical resection, radiotherapy, temozolomide and tumor-treating fields. We found that serially increasing ADC in the T2-hyperintense, but otherwise normal-appearing white matter in glioblastoma patients is prognostically favorable, with significantly greater overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with increasing ADC. |
| 2363 | Computer 65
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Characterising early stage cervical cancer using radiomic features derived from T2- and diffusion-weighted images: a potential prognostic tool in surgical management? |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 3Gynaecology Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 4Gynaecology, St. Georges University Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Radiomic features were compared between cervical tumors below and above the volume threshold of eligibility for trachelectomy (< or >4 cm3) to determine their potential prognostic value. Textural feature differences between smaller and larger tumors were similar for both the T2-W and the ADC data. Homogeneity and Energy were increased and Entropy, Contrast and Cluster Prominence decreased in larger tumors. This may reflect the transition from a mixed morphology (tumor elements interspersed with normal glands and stroma) in smaller tumors to more homogenous sheets of malignant cells as tumors increase in size and de-differentiate. |
| 2364 | Computer 66
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Cluster analysis of IVIM parameter maps reveals tumor subregions of different proliferative status |
1Department of Radiation Physics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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Tumors are often heterogeneous, which can be seen with various imaging techniques. Even so, analysis based on quantitative imaging is often restrained to average tumor parameter values. In this study we used cluster analysis to identify tumor subregions based on IVIM parameter maps. The tumor subregions showed strong agreement with proliferative status as derived from histological analysis. |
| 2365 | Computer 67
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Longitudinal diffusion kurtosis MRI in an intracranial rat glioblastoma model |
1Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 2Department of Applied Mathematics, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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Diffusion kurtosis MRI was used to evaluate the longitudinal changes in a tumor microstructure of a rat model of glioblastoma. F98 tumor cells were injected into six rat brains and imaged longitudinally 8, 11 and 14 days post-implantation. For DKI, an EPI-DTI sequence was used with 2 b-values (1000-2000 s/mm2) and 15 directions. Diffusional kurtosis parameters increased in the tumor compared to the contralateral healthy brain. No significant change with time in the tumor was observed for any diffusion or kurtosis parameters. |
| 2366 | Computer 68
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Probing the combined effects of collagen concentration and cell density on MR diffusion and relaxivity using a model system |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom |
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Cell-encapsulating collagen-based models can be used to investigate the relative contributions of the intra and extracellular compartments to ADC, T1 and T2. ADC is mostly affected by cell density, while T2 is influenced primarily by the collagen density; a 120% reduction in T2 was seen when collagen density was increased seven-fold, but this reduction was only 80% in cell containing collagen gels. ADC was not altered by increasing collagen density, unless cell density was also increased. |
| 2367 | Computer 69
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Diffusion Weighted Imaging at 7T for Differentiation by Grade and Cellularity of Murine Endogenous Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma |
1Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Nuclear Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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DWI of mice with endogenous PDAC tumours were acquired in a 7T MRI system without breath gating. Inclusion of DWI with b-values above 800 s/mm2 in fits substantially improves the qualitative appearance and reduces variance of uniform region fit ADC. Tumours were grouped (based on histology) by cellularity (amounts of neoplastic cells and stroma, and clustering) and separately by grade. ADC reliably distinguishes tumours of different cellularity (PDAClow 1.58±0.08; PDACmed 1.35±0.07; PDAChigh 1.17 ± 0.11; P<0.0001). Grades G2 and G3 were not distinguishable via ADC (1.43±0.15 vs. 1.43±0.16 10-3 mm2/s), however G4 had significantly lower ADC (1.16±0.10 10-3 mm2/s, P<0.0001). |
| 2368 | Computer 70
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Detection of pre-metastatic niches in perfused mouse livers by diffusion-weighted imaging at ultra-high field |
1Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal |
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Cancer cells can induce phenotypic modifications at future sites of dissemination (pre-metastatic niches), which support tumor growth and metastasis. Here we evaluated whether diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) could detect mouse liver pre-metastatic niches (LPM) ex vivo using ultrahigh magnetic field MRI. Our results show that mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) can depict microstructural changes associated with LPM formation, consistent with a more fibrotic and cellular microenvironment revealed by histologic analysis of the same samples. These results represent a solid step toward the development of a non-invasive imaging tool for pre-metastatic niche diagnosis. |
| 2369 | Computer 71
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T1 relaxivity in the bone marrow to monitor response to therapy in acute myeloid leukemia xenografts |
1Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom, 2In Vivo Imaging, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom |
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Mouse models of cancer are extensively used to better understand the pathobiology of the disease, to test potential novel therapies, and for the development of diagnostic and prognostic imaging tools. Currently, diagnosis of acute myeloid |
| 2370 | Computer 72
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Quantitative Imaging of Pharmacodynamics in a Phase 1 Clinical Study of the Vascular Disrupting Agent Crolibulin (EPC2407) |
1Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, TAMPA, FL, United States, 2Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States, 4Imaging Endpoints, LLC, Scottsdale, AZ, United States, 5Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States |
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Diffusion and DCE-MRI were performed at baseline and 2-3 days following Crolibulin (EPC2407) treatment in a phase 1 clinical study of this vascular disrupting agent. ADCw, Ktrans, Ve, and Vp parameter maps were computed and co-registered across scan dates. Over 10 subjects there was an average of 44% decrease in mean tumor Ktrans 2-3 days after initiation of therapy relative to baseline Ktrans values. The decrease in whole-tumor Ktrans was significantly greater in subjects who received 24 mg/m2 drug relative to those who received 13 mg/m2 Crolibulin. Voxel-wise analysis of changes in ADCw, Ktrans, Ve, and Vp will be presented. |
| 2371 | Computer 73
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Optimisation of luminal water imaging for classification of prostate cancer |
1Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, University College London Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Luminal Water Imaging (LWI) using a multi-echo T2 sequence with 64 echoes has been proposed for microstructural assessment of prostate cancer. We have previously demonstrated that LWI could be simplified and performed using 32 echoes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether further reduction in echo train length is possible. Reducing echo train length reduces SAR and provides the opportunity to improve LWI resolution and/or volume coverage without exceeding maximum SAR requirements for imaging patients. |
| 2372 | Computer 74
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The influence of different ROI delineation strategies for relaxation measurements in nasopharyngeal carcinoma using Synthetic MR imaging |
1Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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Recently, a novel quantification method named synthetic MRI have attracted more and more attention in the field of clinical research, such as neural disorders and tumor since the first study in 2008. However, this quantitative assessment of diseases based on relaxation times requires regions of interest (ROI), the delineation of which can impact the accuracy of estimated values. To evaluate how the distinct methods of ROI delineation would impact the relaxation value estimation, in current study, 30 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were acquired using synthetic MRI. |
| 2373 | Computer 75
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Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted Imaging for Monitoring the Immune Response to Cyclophosphamide in C57BL/6 Mice with GL261 gliomas |
1Medical image center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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It is known that the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been widely applied to the detection and characterization of tumors. However, there were no studies to investigate the use of IVIM-DWI in the evaluation of anti-neoplastic agents induced immune response. In this work, to assess whether IVIM-DWI can predict the immune response to anti-neoplastic agents, six C57BL/6 mice with GL261 mouse gliomas were applied using Metronomic cyclophosphamide. Our results indicated that IVIM-DWI is sensitive to detect the Cyclophosphamide-induced Immune Response. |
| 2374 | Computer 76
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Correlation of breast tumor grade and lymphovascular invasion with biomechanical properties: first results from a breast cancer trial |
1Guy's and St.Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 2Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Division of Imaging Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) has been considered a promising novel imaging modality in the quantification of viscoelastic properties of breast tumours. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reproducibility and repeatability of a newly developed MRE breast system and investigate whether aberrant biomechanical properties correlate with tumour histopathology. MRE was conducted on 20 healthy volunteers and 15 breast cancer patients. Malignant lesions demonstrated an increase in viscoelasticity when compared to adipose or fibroglandular tissue. While lesions with lymphovascular invasion demonstrated a tendency towards more elevated viscoelasticity than those without lymphovascular invasion, histological grades clearly did not correlate with biomechanics. |
| 2375 | Computer 77
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MRI-based radiomic to predict lipomatous soft tissue tumors malignancy |
1CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220; Inserm U1206; INSA-Lyon; UCBL Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France, 2Department of Radiology, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Léon Berard, Lyon, France, 3Department of Oncology, Centre de lutte contre le cancer Léon Berard, Lyon, France, 4CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220; Inserm U1206; INSA-Lyon; UCBL Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France |
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In this study a MRI-based radiomic method was developed to predict lipomatous soft tissue tumors malignancy. 81 subjects with lipomatous soft tissue tumors whose histology was known and with fat-suppressed T1w contrast enhanced MR images available were retrospectively enrolled to constitute a database. A linear support vector machine was used after learning base dimension reduction to develop the model. Results demonstrate that the evaluation of lipomatous tumor malignancy is feasible with good diagnosis performances using a routinely used MRI acquisition in clinical practice. |
| 2376 | Computer 78
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Quality assurance of quantitative MRI for biomarker discovery in locally advanced cervical cancer |
1Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, 5Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India, 6Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 7Radiatiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 8Radiotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 9Medical Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 10Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 11Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Large multi-center studies are needed to realize the utilization of quantitative MRI (qMRI) as a biomarker for cervical cancer. In this study we created a framework for a multi-center imaging biomarker study, maximizing the consistency between quantitative results in the presence of a large variety of MRI systems. This way, large deviations in qMRI values can be detected and corrected before enrolment of patients in a study. Furthermore, these results can be used to determine the statistical power of the study. |
| 2377 | Computer 79
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The value of 1.5T contrast-enhanced T1 SPACE sequence in the simulation and planning for Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery of brain metastases: patient positioning accuracy, lesion detectability, and target delineation reliability |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 2Department of radiotherapy, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 3Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong |
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Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is increasingly used for multiple brain metastases (BM) treatment and imposes critical requirements on the accuracy of BM detection, localization and definition in the treatment planning. SPACE sequence is valuable in BM detection for diagnosis, while its value in the BM SRS planning has rarely been explored. We prospectively and quantitatively assessed CE-T1-SPACE in the treatment simulation and planning of Cyberknife-guided BM SRS on a 1.5T MRI-simulator. The results showed that CE-T1-SPACE facilitated high patient positioning accuracy, superior BM detectability and reliable GTV delineation, showing great value in the treatment planning of BM SRS. |
| 2378 | Computer 80
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Measuring eye deformation between planning and proton beam therapy position using MRI. |
1Radiology & Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 3Radiotherapy, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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MRI is becoming a new important imaging modality for ocular tumours. The acquisition of the MR-images for therapy planning are acquired in supine position, but proton beam radiotherapy is performed with the patient in sitting position. By performing scans in supine and in flexed position, we found that this change in gravity direction produces no substantial changes (<0.3mm) in eye and tumour shape. Our results indicate that supinely acquired MR images can be used to accurately plan proton beam radiotherapy of ocular tumours. |
| 2379 | Computer 81
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Understanding the Biomechanical Signature of Pressurised Tumour on the Surrounding Tissue: a Modelling Study |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3U1148, INSERM, Paris, France |
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Solid tumour growth is often associated with the accumulation of mechanical stresses acting on the surrounding host tissue. These forces alter the biomechanics of the adjacent soft tissue, generating a variation in stiffness resulting in a signature pattern that can be probed through MR-Elastography. The probed stiffness, however, is strongly dependent on the direction of propagation of the employed shear waves, leading to the reconstruction of anisotropic mechanical properties of the peri-tumoural tissue. Here we present, using theoretical and experimental means, a closed theoretical understanding of the observed alteration of tangent stiffness of soft tissue generated by pressurised tumour expansion. |
| 2380 | Computer 82
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Molecular MRI differentiation between thyroid papillary carcinoma and thyroid adenoma without cystic degeneration using endogenous protein-based Amide Proton Transfer Signals |
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare,Guangzhou, China, guangzhou, China |
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To identify thyroid papillary carcinoma from thyroid adenoma, we acquired amide proton transfer(APT) value of the both by using the 3T MRI. The differences of APT value of the both were statistically compared by means of nonparametric methods and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used. The results showed statistical differences among the two nodules, suggesting that APTw imaging can be considered for differentiation of thyroid carcinoma from benign thyroid carcinoma. |
| 2381 | Computer 83
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Detailed MRI Report Findings Play Important Role in Establishing Predictive Machine Learning Models For Recurrence in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
1Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi an, China, 3Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China |
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To compare different machine-learning approaches, develop the best predictive model for recurrence, and explore interactions between different types of data in non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Auto Machine Learning (AutoML) classifier plus the minimum redundancy and maximum correlation (mRMR) method achieved the best predictive accuracy to build prediction model for recurrence in NPC. The model incorporating databases including T/N stage data, clinical data, or detailed MRI report findings showed the best performance. Detailed MRI report findings have potential as useful biomarkers in predicting NPC recurrence, which may help develop more individualized multidisciplinary treatment and follow-up strategies. |
| 2382 | Computer 84
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In vivo MR imaging of pelvic lymph nodes at ultra-high magnetic field (7T) |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2Erwin L Hahn Institute, Essen, Germany, 3German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 4University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany |
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The presence of metastases in pelvic lymph nodes marks the transition from local to systemic disease in many primary cancers in the lower abdomen. This crucial step in disease progression determines prognosis and the choice of treatment. Detection of metastatic lymph nodes is currently done with invasive diagnostic surgery, but could profit from USPIO-enhanced MRI. In this 7T study we present an in vivo anatomical baseline of number, size and location of visible lymph nodes in healthy volunteers, as well as the feasibility of using USPIO-enhanced MRI to detect suspicious lymph nodes in patients with prostate and rectal cancer. |
| 2383 | Computer 85
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Detection and Risk-stratification of Prostate Cancer with MR Molecular Imaging using Extradomain-B Fibronectin as a Biomarker |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Early detection and differential diagnosis of high-risk prostate cancer is imperative, so as to enable risk-stratification and decision-making in disease management. This research shows that the ECM oncoprotein Extradomain-B Fibronectin (EDB-FN) is strongly associated with high-risk prostate tumors and with low-risk prostate tumors that evolve into high-risk tumors, highlighting the potential of EDB-FN as a promising diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer imaging. In addition, we have developed EDB-FN-specific peptide targeted MRI contrast agents that facilitate accurate differential detection and risk-stratification of prostate cancers. |
| 2384 | Computer 86
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The Effects of Ground Truth Variance on Radio-Pathomic Mapping in Prostate Cancer |
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wauwatosa, WI, United States, 2Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 3Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 4Pathology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 6Biostatistics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States, 7Urological Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wawautosa, WI, United States |
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achine learning provides a framework for non-invasively extracting more information from a clinical prostate scan by leveraging aligned post-surgical tissue samples with in-vivo imaging to create predictive models of histological characteristics. Many of these algorithms rely on a pathological diagnosis as the ground truth for the classification or regression task. This study aims to investigate the effects of varying the ground truth label in generating voxel-wise radio-pathomic maps of epithelium and lumen density in prostate cancer. |
| 2385 | Computer 87
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Feasibility of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting of Glioblastoma Multiforme |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Cancer Research UK, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3IMAGO7 Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 4GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) research seeks to establish fast, sensitive, repeatable, and quantitative methods. The reduction of MRI acquisition times is important for patients who have significant disease, such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and therewith difficulties with lengthy scan sessions. Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) is a method that can enable fast quantitative T1 and T2 mapping by exploiting transient signals caused by the variation of pseudorandom sequence parameters. This work demonstrates the feasibility of MRF in three patients with GBM, showing two before and after gadolinium contrast. |
| 2386 | Computer 88
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Zero TE based pseudo CT conversion: impact of different HU value assignment methods for bones in the Head. |
1GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 2Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden, 3GE Global Research, Bangalore, India, 4GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden |
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Patient specific and accurate pseudo CT are needed for the adoption of MR-only in the radiation therapy workflow. Zero TE (ZTE) acquisition has proven to be very robust and reliable for bone segmentation, with the additional advantage of showing a reproducible inverse linear correlation with corresponding CT HU for ZTE intensity values in the bone range. Here we specifically investigate the impact on the dose accuracy of continuous versus single HU value assignment for bones and the strength of the Zero TE inverse linear correlation to CT values for accurate pseudo CT conversion. |
| 2387 | Computer 89
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Statistical prediction of recurrence-free survival at 10 years in breast cancer patients |
1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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This study examined whether axillary lymph-node size accurately predicts or improves prediction of 10-year recurrence-free survival. We found that for single-variable analysis, the top predictor of recurrence-free survival was pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) nodal volume (AUC=0.67), followed by pre-NAC tumor volume (AUC=0.66). In 4-variable analysis, the top set of predictors was pre-NAC nodal volume, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity, pre-NAC tumor volume, and tumor volume difference between pre- and early-NAC time points (AUC=0.79). This is the first study of investigating prediction performance of recurrence-free survival using longitudinal volume change of axillary lymph-node volume in breast cancer patients. |
| 2388 | Computer 90
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Gradient-entropy based radiomic features to predict molecular sub-types of pediatric Medulloblastoma on Gadolinium-enhanced T1w MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angels, Los Angels, CA, United States, 3Hematology, Children's Hospital Los Angels, Los Angels, CA, United States, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Genomic Characterization of Medulloblastoma (MB) has recently identified 4 distinct molecular subgroups: Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), wingless (WNT), Group 3, and Group 4. These subgroups have shown different clinical behaviours and benefits to subgroup-specific treatments. We explored the feasibility of a new gradient-entropy radiomic feature, CoLlAGe, to distinguish molecular sub-types of MB on Gd-T1w MRI. Our results using multi-class comparison via one way ANOVA and post-hoc comparison showed significant differences in CoLlAGe features obtained across molecular sub-types. Our feasibility results suggest that the CoLlAGe features in different tumor regions observed on routine Gd-T1w MRI may potentially serve as surrogate markers to non-invasively characterize molecular sub-types of pediatric MB. |
| 2389 | Computer 91
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Characterization of the arrest and retention of iron-labeled breast cancer cells and the growth and progression of brain metastases in NSG mice |
1Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Patient-derived xenografts in NSG mice provide a novel and more clinically relevant model of studying breast cancer brain metastasis in comparison to traditional cell lines in nude mice. NSG and nude mice both received brain-seeking breast cancer cells and were imaged with MRI to assess cell arrest, retention, and growth. Images revealed significantly more brain metastases and overall whole-body tumour burden in NSG mice than nudes. These results provide characterization of the NSG mouse as a preclinical platform for PDX models and demonstrates the importance of imaging to establish this model for future advancements in drug development and personalized medicine. |
| 2390 | Computer 92
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Stacked In-plane Histology for Quantitative Validation of Non-invasive Imaging Biomarkers: Application to an Infiltrative Brain Tumour Model |
1Glasgow Experimental MRI Center, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2Centre of Clinical Brain Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 4University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 5Department of Clinical Physics and Bioengineering, Greater Glasgow Health Board and University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 6Institute of Cancer Sciences, Glasgow university, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Despite the advance in medical imaging, it is important to validate new imaging biomarkers for a particular disease against histopathology, which is considered the ground truth. Here we propose a methodology for the quantitative validation of MRI biomarkers by the co-registration of histological probability maps with MR images. Using a mouse model of infiltrative brain tumours, we show this approach is far more robust than those currently applied. |
| 2391 | Computer 93
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Reductive microenvironment responsive gadolinium-based polymers as potential safe MRI contrast agents |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Sichuan University, Chengdu,Sichuan, China |
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The abstract provided an alternative strategy to develop highly efficient and safe gadolinium-based MRI macromolecular contrast agents (Gd-mCAs) via conjugation of small molecular DOTA-Gd to a stimuli-responsive biodegradable and amphiphilic block DHPMA copolymer through a ROX-sensitive biocleavable disulfide bond. Also, its potential as efficient and safe MRI mCAs for cancer diagnosis have been investigated. |
| 2392 | Computer 94
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MR spectroscopy to assess decreased tumor choline as a marker of response to choline kinase inhibitors |
1Centre for Preclinical Imaging, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Biochemistry, Centre for Cell Imaging, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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Tumor volume and single voxel in vivo ¹H MRS were used to assess the effects of the choline kinase inhibitor JAS239 in the F98 rat glioblastoma (GBM) model. Five F344 rats were inoculated with GBM cells and subsequently treated for 5 consecutive days with 4 mg/kg JAS239 or saline. A reduction in total choline (tCho) in tumors treated with JAS239, along with tumor growth arrest was noted in comparison to saline treated rats. JAS239 preferentially inhibited choline metabolism in tumors as no changes were observed in tCho levels from the contralateral brain. |
| 2393 | Computer 95
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High-Throughput Automatic Tumor Detection and Segmentation in Small-Animal MR Imaging of Patient-Derived Tumor Xenografts |
1Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States |
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Computer aided tumor detection and segmentation of small animal MR images are prone to spurious lesion, false detection, under segmentation, over segmentation, incompatibles of huge number of images for small animal MR imaging. We propose computer aided method using the combination of fast C-means, morphology and single-phase level set to detect and segment tumor lesions from T2 weighted MR images. Proposed method gives over 90% accuracy when applied to homogeneous tumors. |
| 2394 | Computer 96
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Blood oxygen level dependent MRI detects changes in hepatocellular carcinoma induced by sorafenib treatment |
1Department of Imaging Physics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Department of Interventional Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Department of Biostatistics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Imaging biomarkers are needed for assessing treatment response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We evaluated BOLD MRI with hyperoxic challenge in an orthotopic rodent model of HCC for animals treated with the widely used kinase inhibitor sorafenib. A reduction in ΔT2* in tumor and background liver was exhibited for rats treated with sorafenib relative to untreated controls, while no significant change was observed in skeletal muscle. These results demonstrate that BOLD MRI could be a useful tool for detecting treatment effects in HCC. |
| 2395 | Computer 97
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TrueFISP MRI assay for fast & reliable tumor stage classification in carcinogen induced orthotopic bladder cancer |
1Radiology & Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Surgery, Division of Urology, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL, United States, 3Urology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Using a TrueFISP sequence we implemented a non-invasive assay for stage classification of bladder tumors using a orthotopic murine bladder cancer model. Because generation of this tumor model is achieved by administration of carcinogenic agents it is naturally heterogeneous. The imaging method proposed allows accurate assessment of tumor burden and provides a tool for randomization to experimental treatments. |
| 2396 | Computer 98
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Spleen metabolism altered by human pancreatic cancer xenografts |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 33Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cachexia is a poorly understood metabolic syndrome characterized by cancer-induced tissue wasting and weight loss. Cachexia occurs with the highest frequency and severity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To further understand this syndrome, here we used 1H MRS to analyze spleen metabolites in normal mice and mice with and without cachexia-inducing PDAC. We detected profound spleen weight loss in cachectic mice. 1H MR spectra identified significant depletion of amino acids, cholines, creatine in cachectic mice that provide new insights into the syndrome that may present novel strategies to prevent or reduce cachexia-induced weight loss and the morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome |
| 2397 | Computer 99
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3D non-rigid motion correction for quantitative assessment of hepatic lesions with dynamic contrast enhanced MRI |
1Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany |
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Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI of the liver is a powerful qualitative and quantitative clinical methodology used to identify lesions and characterize their functional behavior. Respiratory motion can lead to artefacts, impairing the calculation of contrast uptake curves and quantitative functional information. Here we present an approach, which provides non-rigid motion-corrected endothelial permeability (Ktrans) maps obtained from DCE images with temporal resolution of 6s and isotropic spatial resolution of 1.5mm3 acquired during free-breathing. The proposed framework was evaluated in 10 patients and led to an improved visualization of hepatic lesions and subsequent derivation of Ktrans maps. |
| 2398 | Computer 100
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A novel imaging biomarker for cancer from multicomponent T1 relaxometry |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Aachen, Germany, 4Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11, JARA), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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We hypothesised that T1 relaxation curves sampled with very high temporal resolution reflect the existence of several environments in healthy and brain tumour tissue. Relaxation properties of healthy as well as tumour tissue, identified by FET-PET in a hybrid MR-PET environment, were investigated using a Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence sampled with a 17ms time resolution and 460 time points. The properties of normal appearing tissue were very similar in patients and healthy volunteers. In addition, a novel component was identified in brain tumour patients, which seems characteristic of the presence of tumour and oedema. |
| 2399 | Computer 101
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Optimization of a 3-channel gradient waveform for FRONSAC encoding |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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This work reports the performance of various gradient waveforms for Fast Rotary Nonlinear Spatial Acquisition (FRONSAC) encoding, varying the amplitude, frequency and phase of the oscillation on different channels. Waveforms using three NLG channels were used to image an American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom, and root-mean-square error (RMSE) relative to a fully sampled reference was used to evaluate performance. Experimentally observed trends support those reported in previous work, which was based on theory and simulations. For the given hardware, the results suggest that the best combination for C3, S3 and Z2 are 64, 64 and 32 cycles per readout and 1.74×106mTm-3, 1.74×106mTm-3 and 3.05×106mTm-2 respectively. |
| 2400 | Computer 102
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Feasibility Study of Improving SPIRiT by Exploiting Artificial Sparsity in Dynamic MRI |
12nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 3School of Computer and Information Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, China, 4School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 5Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Guangzhou, China |
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Improving spatiotemporal resolution is of great importance for dynamic MRI in clinical circumstances. An improved SPIRiT method using artificial sparsity and PCA denoising is proposed in this work. Simulated cardiac perfusion phantom and in-vivo cardiac cine experiments were conducted. The proposed method showed better image quality compared with GRAPPA and the frame-by-frame SPIRiT method. |
| 2401 | Computer 103
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PHASE OFFSET CORRECTION METHODS FOR 7T MRI |
1Centre for advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Australia, Brisbane, Australia |
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At the 7T MRI field, the absence of a volume reference coil results in inter channel phase offsets. It is therefore important to understand the impact of using different phase offset correction methods for producing combined phase images. We quantitatively analysed multi-channel offset corrected 7T GRE-MRI phase images of a phantom obtained using five established methods. Magnetic susceptibility images of a brain were assessed qualitatively in addition. We found that methods which phase offset correct using echo time dependent signal phases contain systematic errors, whereas single echo time methods produce more accurate results. |
| 2402 | Computer 104
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System conditioning during GRAPPA kernel training improves temporal SNR in accelerated EPI-based functional, diffusion, and perfusion MRI applications |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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This work examines methods to improve the conditioning of the linear system of equations used to compute GRAPPA and Dual-Polarity GRAPPA reconstruction coefficients, and it's effect on temporal SNR in applications that employ accelerated EPI data. We test three methods: (i) system normalization, (ii) simple Tikhonov regularization, and (iii) 2D k-space filters applied to the calibration data prior to the linear system formation. Examples of tSNR improvement are shown, drawing from EPI-based in-vivo functional, diffusion, and perfusion imaging data acquired at 3T and 7T. |
| 2403 | Computer 105
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Low-Latency Reconstruction for Real-Time Speech MRI |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Real-time MRI provides the ability to visualize dynamic processes as they occur. This may require low latency, defined as the total time between when a pose occurs and when a digital representation appears on a screen for interpretation and/or use by the scan operator. We explore the tradeoff between image quality and latency for speech production imaging, where high-latency constrained reconstruction is the current state-of-the-art. We demonstrate that image quality adequate for a) confirmation of stimuli compliance and b) identification of subject motion can be provided to the scan operator with a latency less than 70ms. |
| 2404 | Computer 106
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Simultaneous multislice reconstruction for spiral MRI using slice-SPIRiT |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Simultaneous multislice (SMS) imaging provides through-plane acceleration. While current reconstruction methods for non-Cartesian imaging (and also for Cartesian imaging) utilize either in-plane or through-plane coil information, we reasoned that a slice-SPIRiT model could utilize both in-plane and through-plane kernel calibration information, and potentially outperform methods like conjugate-gradient SENSE (CG-SENSE). We developed a slice-SPIRiT method and compared it to CG-SENSE for spiral cardiac cine imaging. Slice leakage artifacts using slice-SPIRiT were 52.9% lower than using CG-SENSE in phantoms, and the artifact power of slice-SPIRiT was 24.2% less than CG-SENSE in five volunteers. Slice-SPIRiT is a promising method for spiral SMS imaging. |
| 2405 | Computer 107
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Self-Estimated Subspace Reconstruction for Highly-Accelerated Dynamic Golden-Angle Radial MRI |
1Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 3Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Subspace-constrained reconstruction is a powerful technique to accelerate dynamic MRI. However, its performance is relatively limited for applications where a robust temporal model is not available. This work proposes to estimate temporal basis from undersampled dynamic golden-angle radial data without the need of a model or additional navigators, and to apply the estimated temporal basis for subspace-constrained reconstruction of undersampled dynamic images. The reconstruction algorithm also enforces an additional low-rank constraint on the resulting low dimensional dynamic images in the subspace. The proposed self-estimated subspace-constrained reconstruction technique was demonstrated for DCE-MRI of the prostate. |
| 2406 | Computer 108
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Refined-subspaces for two iteration single shot T2-Shuffling using dictionary matching |
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 6Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Half-Fourier-acquisition-single-shot-turbo-spin-echo (HASTE) serves as a valuable tool for fetal MRI as it is robust to fetal motion and produces images with T2-weighted contrast. However, due to T2-decay and T1-recovery during the acquisition, clinically applied HASTE with sub-180° refocusing pulses and partial-fourier readouts, often yield images with compromised diagnostic quality compared to multi-shot T2-weighted imaging. T2-shuffling exploits a forward model of signal evolution to mitigate blurring and improve contrast in image reconstruction. We propose single-shot imaging with a refined-subspace, iterative application of T2-shuffling, with demonstration in numerical models, that reduces blurring artifacts and improves image contrast in comparison to conventional HASTE. |
| 2407 | Computer 109
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Improving the Performance of Accelerated Image Reconstruction in K-Space: The Importance of Kernel Shape |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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A variety of popular k-space reconstruction methods (e.g., GRAPPA, SPIRiT, SAKE, LORAKS) assume that missing k-space data can be interpolated by convolving the k-space data with appropriate filters. In most of these methods, the kernel shape is usually chosen to be rectangular. However, when these filters are interpreted in the spatial domain, the use of rectangular kernels implies that the filters will have anisotropic resolution. In this work, we investigate the use of elliptical kernels that have more isotropic resolution. Results demonstrate that elliptical kernels have better reconstruction performance, lower computational complexity, and lower memory usage than rectangular kernels. |
| 2408 | Computer 110
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Improved Parallel Imaging with a 3D Spiral Staircase Trajectory |
1Philips Healthcare, Gaineseville, FL, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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A flexible 3D “Spiral Staircase” (SSC) trajectory is introduced that reduces g-factor losses from through-plane parallel imaging acceleration, regardless of coil geometry. Results demonstrate up to a 5x g-factor improvement over Cartesian SENSE for through-plane acceleration in axial brain acquisition with R = 3. |
| 2409 | Computer 111
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Making Reconstruction WORK (Weighted Optimized Reconstruction of K-Space): Improving CNR/SNR via non-FFT Weighted Reconstruction |
1Radiology, UPMC Pittsburgh Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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FFT-based reconstruction is suboptimal in the presence of signal decay during acquisition and between-excitation (shot-to-shot) variance in relaxation parameters. We present a novel reconstruction algorithm, Weighted Optimized Reconstruction of K-space (WORK), which weights each k-space point differently, optimizing for all sources of variance. Simulation results demonstrate the potential for 2X temporal SNR improvement in gradient-echo EPI acquisitions compared to standard FFT reconstruction while preserving spatial information. Substantial SNR improvement is also demonstrated for a pCASL 2D GE-EPI-SMS acquisition. |
| 2410 | Computer 112
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kz-GRAPPA for 3D parallel imaging with localized estimation of interpolation kernels |
1University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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A kz-dependent shift-variant 3D GRAPPA approach for reconstructing 2D under-sampled k-space is proposed. The method results in equal or lower g-factors compared to a conventional shift-invariant 3D kernel. In turn, this permits higher 2D ky-kz accelerations, and promises significant advantages for functional and diffusion imaging. The method is demonstrated with anatomical and diffusion imaging using thin slabs. |
| 2411 | Computer 113
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Full 3D ky-kz-kx GRAPPA reconstruction of SMS MB EPI |
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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EPI with sub-second sampling rates is essential for fMRI to increase tSNR and filter out physiological noise. Simultaneous multiple slice (SMS)-EPI using multi-band (MB) slice excitation has been successfully applied to acquire whole brain fMRI data in < 1s. However, the reconstruction of SMS-EPI remains in separate 2D/1D GRAPPA or partial 3D GRAPPA in ky-kz’-kx domains. To further increase acquisition speed, TR< 500ms, higher k-space dimensional GRAPPA can be used to improve reconstruction performance, e.g. increase SNR and decrease aliasing artifacts. To meet this need we developed a full 3D ky-kz-kx GRAPPA reconstruction for SMS-EPI validated it by simulation and experiment at 7T. |
| 2412 | Computer 114
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Reducing g-factor for TGRAPPA accelerated real-time cardiac cine imaging |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China, 2Medical AI Research Centre, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China |
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TGRAPPA acceleration alleviates the intense tradeoff between spatial and temporal resolutions for real-time cardiac cine imaging. However, it suffers from significant noise amplification due to ill-conditioned inverse reconstruction at high acceleration factors. A quadruple extended TGRAPPA reconstruction model is established to jointly utilize the additional spatial encoding capability of background phase and the high-order noise model by nonlinear kernel method. Prospective real-time cine experiments showed superior noise suppression of this non-iterative technique at 6-8X acceleration. |
| 2413 | Computer 115
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Virtual Slice Concept for Improved Simultaneous Multi-Slice MRI Employing an Extended Leakage Constraint |
1University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Advanced MRI Technologies, Sebastopol, CA, United States |
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Simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) MRI has recently drawn attentions in its use by acquiring linearly combined signals contributed from all excited slices. In this work, we introduce a novel, SMS reconstruction that extends an inter-slice leakage constraint to intra-slice aliasing with virtual slice concept by generalizing parallel MRI as a special case, thus directly estimating the individual slices from undersampled SMS data. Motivated by the leakage block, we generate virtual slices from intra-slice aliasing signals and then penalize these virtual slices as well as real slices simultaneously by keeping only aliasing-free slice of interest while enforcing inplane aliasing and neighboring slices to zeros, respectively. |
| 2414 | Computer 116
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Enhanced MR-STAT by a multi-coil reconstruction framework |
1Center for Image Sciences, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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MR-STAT is a framework for obtaining multi-parametric quantitative MR maps using data from single short scans. A large-scale optimization problem is solved in which spatial localisation of signal and estimation of tissue parameters are performed simultaneously by directly fitting a Bloch-based volumetric signal model to the time domain data. Previously, only data from a single receive channel could be incorporated into the reconstruction. In this work we extend the MR-STAT framework to allow parameter maps to be reconstructed from multi-coil data resulting in a more robust reconstruction process that has higher scan-efficiency and is less prone to coil shading artefacts. |
| 2415 | Computer 117
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Correcting MRI-specific biases introduced when Bland-Altman plots are used to compare the performance of reconstruction algorithms |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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The Bland-Altman plot is a commonly-used graphical method to compare two measurement techniques and look for systematic biases or outliers. We have identified that the Bland-Altman approach of plotting the differences between the two techniques against their average will introduce false biases in an MRI context. These biases are introduced by the magnitude operation necessary to display or analyze MRI images. We demonstrate a modified Bland-Altman approach that corrects these biases. |
| 2416 | Computer 118
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Acoustic Noise Reduction Using Digital Filters |
1Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts, MA, United States, 3Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre (CUBIC-UCT), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 4MRI Research Unit, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libyan |
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We explored the use of digital low-pass filters to reduce the acoustic noise produced during DTI acquisitions, focusing mainly on the EPI readout. The filters attenuate the high-frequency harmonics of the gradient waveforms which results in |
| 2417 | Computer 119
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Method for Reduction of Reconstruction Time for Compressed Sensing of Multi-Image Series |
1Canon Medical Research USA, Mayfield, OH, United States |
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This proof-of-concept study demonstrates a method to reduce CS reconstruction time for multi-image series (e.g. relaxometry mapping, multi-echo, or dynamic) by leveraging the similarity of data across the image series. The method consists of two components: a) re-using auto-calibrated coil sensitivity maps computed from data of the first image[0] and b) warm starting the iterative reconstruction of each image[i] using the final output from the reconstruction of the previous image[i-1] in the series. One insight is a ‘hybrid warm start’ created by combining the magnitude from the previous image[i-1] reconstruction and the phase of the back-projection of the current image[i]. |
| 2418 | Computer 120
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Optimization of increasing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast of black-blood T1-weighted images in carotid artery |
1Department of Radiological Service, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center, YACHIYO, Japan |
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We have developed a new black-blood imaging with radial scan (multi vane) method and improved motion sensitized driven equilibrium (iMSDE). In this study, we changed the following parameters [refocusing flip angle (RFA), TE prep, flow velocity encoding (VENC)]. In addition, we measured SNR and Contrast ratio (CR) to optimize image quality. As RFA increased in radial scan with iMSDE, SNR of muscle rose gently and CR increased. With the extension of TE prep, SNR of muscle declined and CR also declined. As VENC decreased, CR rose gently. There was a significant difference compared with the conventional method. |
| 2419 | Computer 121
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Rapid prOtotyping of 2D non-Cartesian K-space trajEcTories (ROCKET) |
1Dayananda Sagar Institution, Bangalore, India, 2Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 3Wipro GE Healthcare, Bangalore, India |
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Rapid prOtotyping of 2D non-CartesIan K-space trajEcTories (ROCKET) aims to aid researchers interested in rapid development and testing of new MR methods starting from pulse sequence design to image analysis. This was achieved by utilizing Pulseq for pulse sequence design and graphical programming interface for image reconstruction and analysis. ROCKET was demonstrated on two non-Cartesian k-space trajectories – FID based radial and spiral. Each trajectory was tailored into three different trajectories based on rotating angle – standard, golden angle and tiny golden angle. All studies were performed on Siemens scanner demonstrated on in-vitro phantom and in-vivo healthy brain acquisitions and SNRs were computed. |
| 2420 | Computer 122
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Dual-venc phase contrast MRI with increased flow encoding efficiency |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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To decrease scan time while maintaining SNR and velocity dynamic range of dual-venc 2D phase-contrast MRI with 3-directional velocity encoding, the sequence was modified to zero-fill the extremes of k-space in the high-venc (HV) acquisition while collecting fully sampled low-venc (LV). In vitro sensitivity analysis shows antialiasing success over 95% with up to 50% zero-filled HV scans. Preliminary data from a healthy control aorta indicate that antialiasing success approaching 100% can be maintained using HV scans. This promising approach may be extended to further improve flow encoding efficiency in volumetric scans. |
| 2421 | Computer 123
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A Neural Network for Rapid Generation of Cardiac MR Fingerprinting Dictionaries with Arbitrary Heart Rhythms |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Radiology, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Cardiac MR Fingerprinting with ECG gating typically requires that a new Bloch equation simulation |
| 2422 | Computer 124
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THE IMPACT OF MR IMAGES ACQUISITION PROCESS ON RADIOMIC FEATURES: PHANTOM STUDIES TO SUPPORT CLINICAL RESEARCH |
1Physics Department, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, 2INSTM, Milan, Italy, 3IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy |
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Radiomic analysis of radiological images allows the extraction of quantitative features that can represent a support tool for clinical decision. The investigation of these features stability during the MR image acquisition process represents the aim of this study. The features short- and long-term repeatability was tested on a common MR phantom, imaged with the clinical protocol for gynecological imaging. The non-repeatable features were identified and can be excluded a priori in potential clinical studies. Simultaneously, a dedicated phantom was designed to mimic the pelvis and to investigate the stable features, especially the ones characterizing the texture of the imaged tissue. |
| 2423 | Computer 125
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On the Selection of Slice Profile for Through-Plane Resolution in Multi-Slice MR Imaging |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Multislice imaging is a mainstay of clinical MR exams, but image reformatting is limited by through-plane resolution. Some methods aim to overcome this by acquiring overlapping slices and deconvolving the slice profile. However, slice profiles which have zero crossings in the Fourier (spatial frequency) domain preclude the recovery of those spatial frequencies. Here, we describe the problem and provide a solution in the form of slice profiles without zero crossings in $$$k_Z$$$-space. |
| 2424 | Computer 126
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90 min in 12 min? Accurate Surface Reconstruction from Short Ultra-High (0.5mm iso) Resolution T1-Weighted Image |
1McGill Vision Research Unit, Research Institute - Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada, McGill, Montréal, QC, Canada, 2Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Gray matter (GM) thickness is a marker of injury and is detected using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Even though it possible to acquire images that |
| 2425 | Computer 127
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Compressed Sensing Velocity Encoded Phase Contrast Imaging: Monitoring Skeletal Muscle kinematics |
1Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Velocity Encoded Phase Contrast (VE-PC) imaging is an established technique for monitoring muscle kinematics. Dynamic studies require consistent repeated execution of motion paradigms to map skeletal motion. The high number of repeated contractions limits studies to low % maximum voluntary contraction and limits participation of cohorts with compromised muscle function. We explore combining multi-coil data with compressed sensing and reconstruction to reduce acquisition times. VE-PC images acquired with different compressed sensing factors are assessed for accuracy of velocities and strain rate tensor during isometric contractions. Our results show that CS undersampling by 4 yields accurate velocity and strain tensor values. |
| 2426 | Computer 128
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A GPU-based Modified Conjugate Gradient Method for Accelerating Wave-CAIPI Reconstruction |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Computer Science and Technology Engineering, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, United States |
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Wave-CAIPI is a novel 3D imaging method with corkscrew trajectory in k-space to speed up MRI acquisition. However, the 3D data acquisitions of Wave-CAIPI are also tremendous for reconstruction calculations. In order to accelerate the reconstruction procedure, we realized a Wave-CAIPI reconstruction using a modified GPU-based conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm to reduce time cost of reconstructions. The experiments of in vivo human brain dataset show that using our GPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction can achieve similar image results as the conventional CPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction with less time cost than the conventional CPU-based Wave-CAIPI reconstruction. |
| 2427 | Computer 129
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Spatial-Temporal Super-Resolution Technique on Complex-Valued T2*-Weighted Dynamic MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, BIO5 institute, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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We present an approach for improving spatial and temporal resolution of complex-valued T2*-weighted dynamic MRI. Compared with traditional magnitude-valued spatial super-resolution method, our technique can better recover signal loss caused by the susceptibility dephasing effect. We propose that phase information can be utilized in spatial super-resolution to reduce the dephasing artifact. The feasibility of temporal super-resolution using complex-valued data is also separately evaluated for time-signal variation recovery. One limitation of our temporal super-resolution approach, which will be addressed in our future work, is the presence of leakage artifacts in the recovered time-signal due to linear interpolation bias. |
| 2428 | Computer 130
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Robust 3D UTE T2* Mapping in MSK Using Fractional Order Bloch Equation |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Medical informatics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands |
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Determination of the T2* relaxation times with biexponential and monoexponential models has limitations, especially in case of complex, heterogeneous materials1. Using fractional order fitting model we can overcome these limitations8,9. In this model the introduced α parameter is the measure of the deviation from the monoexponential decay, and it accounts for micro-structural complexity. To evaluate the fractional order fitting, it was performed in patella tendon from UTE measurements, and we could demonstrate that compared to biexponential and monoexponential models it is less sensitive to variations to SNR. |
| 2429 | Computer 131
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Native Space Outlier Rejection (NaSOR) for Arterial Spin Labelling |
1Analysis, Invicro LLC, London, United Kingdom, 2MRI, Invicro LLC, London, United Kingdom |
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ASL suffers from relatively low signal-to-noise, so data cleaning strategies are required to optimise its utility. A previous method for outlier rejection of 2D-PASL data required time-consuming spatial normalization to standard space, degrading the original ASL data, and was limited to single inversion-time (TI) 2D-PASL. We therefore developed two native-space processing workflows, termed Native Space Outlier Rejection (NaSOR) and Native Space Perfusion-weighted Outlier Rejection (NaSPOR). The two native-space workflows performed comparably to an implementation of the previous standard-space method, in terms of both percentage of outliers rejected and coefficients of variation (CV) for test-retest CBF values, suggesting clinical utility. |
| 2430 | Computer 132
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Verification and Validation of Merging Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics and 4D-Flow MRI |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 4New York Institute of Technology, Long Island, NY, United States, 5Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 6Research Campus STIMULATE, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany |
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In this work, we present the result of verification and validation of our previously developed method that enabled merging of patient-specific Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and 4D-Flow MRI using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) to address limitations of both modalities. A constant fluid flow boundary condition was applied on a transparent in vitro aneurysm phantom geometry and the volumetric velocity field was scanned using 4D-Flow MRI, and tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (tPIV). The latter has much higher spatial resolution and can be used to verify the accuracy of the results of merging CFD and volumetric 4D-Flow MRI. Results show that the POD-based merging algorithm enables reconstruction of fine flow details not seen in 4D-Flow MRI due to limited spatial resolution. |
| 2431 | Computer 133
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Single-lung dynamics assessed using XD-GRASP MRI and automatic segmentation |
1Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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MRI is an attractive modality for monitoring dynamic lung function since it does not expose patients to ionizing radiation. In this study, a method to automatically segment the right and left lungs using XD-GRASP MRI was developed. The accuracy of our segmentation algorithm was assessed by comparing the automated segmentation results to manual segmentations outlined by expert observers. Excellent agreement was seen between the automated technique and the ground truth, suggesting clinical applicability of the method. |
| 2432 | Computer 134
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Intra-Session, Intra-Day and Inter-Day Reproducibility of MRI Image Quality Metrics in a Controlled Scan Setup |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC), Basel, Switzerland, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering (DBE), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 6Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 7Department of Neurology, DKD Helios Klinik, Wiesbaden, Germany |
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Image quality plays a vital role in automated pipelines for medical image processing. Automated tools have thus been developed to detect low-quality images and ensure reliability of downstream results. These tools, however, often rely on image processing algorithms that can be sensitive to certain image features. In this study, we investigate the reproducibility of image quality measures provided by the open source image quality control tool MRIQC with respect to different scan setups. Results show that the reproducibility of some IQ measures is linked to the variation in the scan setup while for others it is less dependent on it. |
| 2433 | Computer 135
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GPU Based Parallel Framework for the Estimation of Receiver Coil Sensitivities in SENSE Reconstruction |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2National Centre for Physics, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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The estimation of receiver coil sensitivity information is important for SENSE (Sensitivity Encoding) reconstruction. Inaccurate sensitivity profiles degrade the reconstructed image quality. However, the methods to estimate the receiver coils sensitivity information are computationally intensive. This work proposes a parallel framework (for GPU implementation) for a recently proposed method of sensitivity estimation (which uses Eigen value decomposition of the multi coil low resolution images). The results show that the proposed method provides a 3.5x speed in our experiments while maintaining the reconstructed image quality. |
| 2434 | Computer 136
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A novel feature based image reconstruction for neuro-interventional MRI |
1Biomedeical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 2KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Functional Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Interventional MRI (I-MRI) provides exceptional advantages to other imaging modalities in image-guided neurosurgery. However, real-time imaging presents great challenges for temporal/spatial resolution, image contrast, and SNR. We presented a novel feature based image reconstruction algorithm using golden-angle sampling and compressed sensing. Images were decomposed into the reference part and the novel feature reflecting the interventional process. Experiments of using porcine brain for biopsy showed the proposed method had better performance in terms of SNR and computational time. It demonstrated that the proposed method have potentials in applications of MR-guided intervention such as image-guided epilepsy treatment. |
| 2435 | Computer 137
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Efficient Motion-Corrected, Model-Driven Reconstruction for Simultaneous Multi-Contrast MPnRAGE |
1University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States |
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A model-based denoising algorithm is developed for efficient reconstruction of a large number of images with different T1 contrasts using MPnRAGE. The method takes only 50% the time of a single iteration of traditional constrained reconstruction methods. |
| 2436 | Computer 138
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High performance GPU enabled GRAPPA reconstruction using CUDA |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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GRAPPA is a parallel MRI technique that enables accelerated data acquisition using multi-channel receiver coils. However, processing a large data limits the performance of GRAPPA in terms of reconstruction time. This work presents a new GPU-enabled-GRAPPA reconstruction method using optimized CUDA kernels, where multiple threads simultaneously communicate and cooperate to perform: (i) parallel fittings of GRAPPA kernel on auto-calibration signals; (ii) parallel estimations of reconstruction coefficients; (iii) parallel interpolations in under-sampled k-space. In-vivo results of 8-channel, 1.5T human head dataset show that the proposed method speeds up the GRAPPA reconstruction time up to 15x without compromising the image quality. |
| 2437 | Computer 139
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Self-Calibrated GRAPPA Operator Gridding (SC-GROG) for radially encoded Multi-Slice (SMS) Imaging |
1ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, ISLAMABAD, Pakistan, 2COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD, ISLAMABAD, Pakistan |
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This work proposes a novel approach using Self-calibrating GRAPPA operator gridding (SC-GROG) for radially encoded simultaneous multi-slice imaging (SMS). The proposed method is implemented by combining non-Cartesian (NC) under-sampling (radial) with CAIPRINHA phase manipulation to accelerate data acquisition in SMS. Radial datasets are gridded using SC-GROG and reconstructed iteratively using Projection onto convex sets (POCS) algorithm. The results are compared with conventional NUFFT with POCS at increasing accelerations factors and quantified in terms of SSIM, PSNR and Artifact Power. It can be inferred from the results that the proposed method produces accurate reconstructions of SMS datasets. |
| 2438 | Computer 140
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Rapid Abdominal Imaging Using Highly Accelerated Projection Imaging (HAPI |
1Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Center for Imaging Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Our group recently reported a new fast radial imaging method called Highly Accelerated Projection Imaging (HAPI) with coil sensitivity encoding. We demonstrated that radial projections acquired at specific angles and at high resolution resulted in a well-conditioned matrix equation. In the previous work, the performance of HAPI was demonstrated with simulations and a simple phantom scan using an 8-channel receive array. In the study presented here, the HAPI method was tested in vivo with volunteers. |
| 2439 | Computer 141
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Sparse-SENSE Reconstruction of GROG gridded Radial MRI |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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Under-sampled non-Cartesian trajectories play a vital role in accelerating MRI scan time; however, the solution image may have aliasing artifacts. In this work, a GROG gridding based Sparse-SENSE reconstruction is presented to get the solution image from the non-Cartesian under-sampled radial MR data. The proposed method is tested on 1.5T human head data at different acceleration factors (i.e. 4, 6 and 9) and compared with pseudo-Cartesian GRAPPA scheme. The results show that the proposed method provides significant improvement (e.g. 87% improvement in AP at AF=4) in the reconstructed images as compared to conventional pseudo-Cartesian GRAPPA reconstruction. |
| 2440 | Computer 142
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A novel reconstruction method using regional constraints, designed for the dual-band EPI scanned with four-channel receiver coil elements |
1National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Suita, Japan, 2Department of Structural Bioimaging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan |
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A novel reconstruction method was proposed for dual-band EPI in an MRI system equipped with four-channel receiver coils. This method was based on a conventional kernel method utilizing an iterative calculation with regional constraints in the image domain. The method significantly improves the quality of the reconstructed images, even in the regions with less coil sensitivity. The results showed higher signal-to-noise ratio, less signal leakage, and better long-term stability in repetitions in comparison to the conventional method. The proposed method can be applied to clinical systems that have relatively few receiver coils, as well as animal systems. |
| 2441 | Computer 143
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Rapid Parallel MRI with Convolution-based Reconstruction (CORE) and Deblurring by Compressed Sensing |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel, 2Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands |
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Methods combining Compressed Sensing (CS) and Parallel MRI (PI) for accelerated MRI have shown great promise, yet they are commonly hindered by heavy iterative computations. This work introduces the novel CORE-Deblur method for accelerated MRI, which integrates CS and PI and offers fast computations with very few iterations. CORE-Deblur utilizes the recently introduced CORE-PI technique and introduces the novel concept of using CS for image deblurring. Experiments with in-vivo data show that for highly subsampled k-space (R=5) CORE-Deblur reduces the number of CS iterations by 10-fold (from 95 to about 5-7) and improves the reconstruction accuracy by 5%-8%. |
| 2442 | Computer 144
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Navigated Steady-State Free Precession with Water-Excitation for Real-Time Cardiac Imaging at 3 Tesla |
1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Real-time imaging offers the opportunity to be performed without the need for ECG synchronization and breath holding while requiring good contrast and high spatiotemporal resolution to resolve the myocardium dynamics. We propose a novel method employing bSSFP acquisition with partial separable model for high quality real-time cardiac imaging. For acquisition, the new method interleaves a self balanced spiral-in and spiral-out navigator with Cartesian acquisition for temporal basis estimation. A (1-1) binomial water excitation pulse is adopted to suppress lipid signal and achieve steady-state of the water. For reconstruction, the new method exploits the partial separable model with "soft" SENSE and sparsity constraints. In vivo experiments have been conducted and results show that the proposed method is able to produce high quality dynamic cardiac images. |
| 2443 | Computer 145
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A localized reconstruction method for parallel imaging in MRI |
1School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of, 2School of Medicine Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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Conventional parallel imaging methods reconstruct MR images from subsampled data, which utilizes spatial sensitivity information of multi-channel RF coil. In this study, localization of receiving coil sensitivity along readout direction (x) is introduced to efficiently utilize the coil sensitivity for parallel imaging. In the x-ky space, localization window is applied for estimation of missing data. Sensitivity localization in the readout direction makes near channels more weighted than distant channels for calculating estimation kernel. The proposed reconstruction method for parallel imaging considers the correlation between spatial sensitivities along the readout direction of receiving channels and region to be reconstructed. |
| 2444 | Computer 146
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Robust Cardiac and Respiratory Self-Gating Using an Adapted Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA-FARI): Application to Simultaneous-Multi-Slice Imaging |
1Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, 2Partner site Göttingen, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany |
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In cardiac MRI we have to deal with both cardiac and respiratory motion. Nowadays, breath holds and the use of external devices such as ECG are clinical practice to deal with this motion. However, not all patients can hold their breath and external devices are error-prone. Therefore, self-gating techniques have been developed to extract the respiration and cardiac signal from the k-space data itself. Many of those require various pre- and post-processing steps like filtering or averaging and lack robustness. Here, we present a novel and robust, yet easy to implement self-gating approach based on Singular Spectrum Analysis. |
| 2445 | Computer 147
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Joint Iterative Image Reconstruction and Field Map Estimation In Low Field MRI |
1C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands, 3Philips Research Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 4Circuits and Systems, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands |
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Inaccuracies and temporal fluctuations in field map measurements form a major problem in image reconstruction for permanent magnet based low field MRI systems. These inaccuracies can potentially be corrected by using a joint image reconstruction and field map estimation algorithm. Simulation results show improved image quality when using a new updating scheme compared to standard iterative reconstructions. |
| 2446 | Computer 148
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Nonlocal multispectral MRI upsampling for enhanced quality of high-resolution imaging reconstruction |
1National Institute on Aging (NIA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States |
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High-resolution (HR) image reconstruction, or upsampling, is used widely in MRI post-processing analyses including image segmentation and registration. The nonlocal means (NLM) upsampling approach is simple to implement and has demonstrated excellent performance for HR image reconstruction from low-resolution images. Here, we extend this to incorporate multispectral (MS) data sets in which multiple images are acquired over a variable acquisition parameter. Further, we show that the use of our recently introduced nonlocal estimation of multispectral magnitudes filter for upsampling further enhances the quality of the reconstructed HR images as compared with use of the NLM filter or its MS version. |
| 2447 | Computer 149
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A Partial-Fourier Method Recovering Signal Loss from Off-resonance |
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Functional MRI (fMRI) can have signal dropout due to off-resonance at susceptibility interfaces between air and tissue. Partial Fourier reconstruction is used for fMRI since it reduces scan time, however, existing partial Fourier reconstruction is vulnerable to off-resonance. In a previous study, we introduced a new partial Fourier reconstruction (even/odd (E/O)) and showed the new method was more robust to off-resonance compared to homodyne through simulation from fully sampled data. In this study, we acquired subsampled hypercapnia task fMRI data using both homodyne and E/O and showed there is less signal dropout and higher activation with E/O. |
| 2448 | Computer 150
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A fully automated method for concealing patient identity in 3D multi-contrast brain MR images |
1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China |
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In addition to personally identifying information (PII) commonly found in metadata of medical images, superficial anatomical features contained in 3D brain MR images pose a unique challenge to medical privacy, and this place a serious obstacle for data sharing in large-scale collaborative efforts. A fully automated method for concealing patient identity in 3D multi-contrast brain MR images is presented. The proposed method is training-free and can be applied to automatically conceal patient’s identity information in the 3D brain MR images, which makes this approach particularly useful for handling brain MR images in large neuroimaging databases. |
| 2449 | Computer 151
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Image fusion of multiple independent MRI brain slabs to cover a whole Dugong brain in a small-bore, high-field pre-clinical scanner |
1Biological Resources Imaging Laboratory, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, 2Department of Anatomy, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia |
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This study we report about MRI of a fixed Dugong brain in a small bore pre-clinical MRI scanner. To enable the scanning of the brain that exceeds the sensitive scanner dimensions we propose a multi-slab imaging approach that uses an optimized image post-processing pipeline to merge independent slabs into a continuous high-resolution high-contrast 3D volume. We demonstrate that using this imaging and post-processing approach it is feasible to investigate relatively large objects in a pre-clinical scanner and retain full 3D information with the full benefit from the superior high resolution imaging capabilities of a high field pre-clinical scanner. |
| 2450 | Computer 152
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Integrated image-space and Fourier-space analyses for unwrapping phase images of low signal-to-noise ratio |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We report a new post-processing procedure that integrates image-space and Fourier-space data analyses to improve the accuracy and reliability of phase unwrapping for MRI data of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Our data demonstrate that the new phase-unwrapping method outperforms the conventional procedures in critical brain regions (e.g., near the air-tissue interfaces), and should prove valuable for studies that require accurate measurements of MRI phase values, such as quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), B0 field mapping, and temperature mapping. |
| 2451 | Computer 153
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Bayesian Hierarchical Modelling for Analyzing Neuroimaging Results |
1Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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The most common analysis of structural brain MRIs involves massively univariate modelling. Such analyses separately approach different levels of resolution (whole brain, regional, and voxel) and do not provide an easy solution to understanding whether some areas of the brain are more or less affected than others. Here we explore applying hierarchical bayesian modelling to simultaneously analyze brain MRI studies at multiple levels of resolution while allowing for the explicit interrogation of whether brain areas are differentially affected. In addition, we show that hierarchical modelling provides improved parameter recapture, sign error rate, and model fit. |
| 2452 | Computer 154
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TemplateFlow: Standardizing standard 3D spaces in neuroimaging |
1Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States, 4Massachusetts Institute of Technology: MIT, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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New community templates are generated to improve the resolution of data, to offer better alignment of brain structures across individuals incorporated into the template, and to ensure a better correspondence between the study cohort and the template. The resource is modular, thereby allowing researchers to easily use templates "off-the-shelf" or add new templates to the repository. Spatial mappings are distributed with the templates to allow transferring brain landmarks, masks, surfaces, |
| 2453 | Computer 155
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SEGUE Unwraps MRI Phase Images Acquired in Mouse Brains at 9.4 Tesla Faster than PRELUDE |
1Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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MRI phase images are increasingly used for Susceptibility Mapping or distortion correction. Spatial phase unwrapping is crucial but challenging: the computation time of PRELUDE, the current gold-standard method for robust, 3D unwrapping, increases rapidly with higher field strengths and longer echo times. A new method we have developed, SEGUE, produces similar results to PRELUDE in multi-echo brain and head-and-neck images, 1.6 to 83 times faster, but SEGUE has not been tested in pre-clinical high-field-strength phase images. Here, we show that SEGUE is similarly accurate and up to 4 times faster than PRELUDE in mouse brain images at 9.4 Tesla. |
| 2454 | Computer 156
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Automated perfusion lesion delineation in stroke: comparison with experts and alternative automated strategies |
1Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2International Graduate Program Medical Neurosciences, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Berlin School of Mind & Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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This study aimed to validate an in-house script that detects perfusion lesions in dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance images of acute stroke patients and compare its performance with commercially available software. Perfusion lesions were estimated from time-to-maximum and mean transit time maps of 94 stroke patients using our algorithm, Perfscape/Neuroscape, PMA, and Stroketool. These automatically delineated lesions were volumetrically and spatially compared with those delineated by a trained expert. Our algorithm performs comparably to other programs on the market and overestimates lesion volumes to a lesser extent; however, it is currently limited by its reliance on manual input. |
| 2455 | Computer 157
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Knowledge-based definition of morphological alterations in brain MRI through the angle-based thresholding approach |
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Center for Imaging Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3for the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition and Genetic study, multiple cities and states, CA, United States |
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An automated method to detect brain morphological alterations was developed, which was designed for clinical pediatric brain MRIs with heterogeneous clinical conditions. Numerous image-feature-recognition algorithms have successfully defined abnormalities related to specific diseases, but there has been little research into a method that could identify a wide-range of radiological findings that could vary depending on the type and severity of different pathologies. A proposed approach—structural image parcellation followed by an angle-based outlier detection (ABOD) algorithm—could identify mild morphological alterations with high sensitivity and excellent specificity, when applied to clinical pediatric brain MRIs. |
| 2456 | Computer 158
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Scanner Variability of MR Based Radiomics Features |
1Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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This work utilizes an MR phantom to determine the repeatability, quartile coefficient of dispersion and potential efficacy of textural parameters calculated from gray level co-occurrence matrices, run length matrices, size zone matrices and neighborhood gray tone difference matrices. Images were obtained at 3 different field strengths, across 3 different manufacturers. Parameters based on gray level co-occurrence matrices showed excellent repeatability and low dispersion, whilst still demonstrating excellent discrimination between contrasting regions of interest. |
| 2457 | Computer 159
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Segmenting Brain Metastases Using Deep Learning on Multi-Modal MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department for Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, oslo, Norway, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Detecting and segmenting brain metastases is a tedious and time-consuming task for many radiologists, particularly with the growing use of multi-modal 3D imaging. Using deep learning to learn from the comprehensive pixel-wise labeled MRI-data, this work aims to train a fully convolution neural network for automatic detection and segmentation of brain metastases using multi-modal MRI. By training and testing on over 100 and 50 patients, respectively, including a variety of size and number of brain metastases from several primary cancers, this work provides a comprehensive investigation on the value and potential use of machine learning in a clinically relevant setting. |
| 2458 | Computer 160
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Signal Enhancement and Optimum Receiver Arrays For Human Hyperpolarized 13C MR Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Berkeley Institute for Data Science, Berkeley, CA, United States, 4GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, United States |
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A data-driven processing framework was proposed for dynamic hyperpolarized 13C-MR Spectroscopic Imaging to maximally extract diagnostic information from existing datasets and techniques that utilized whitened-SVD2 to optimally combine array data, and tensor-low-rank denoising3,4 to enhance SNR. The framework was applied and evaluated on brain, abdomen, and pelvic datasets acquired using multi-channel arrays or single-element receivers. Substantial improvement in quality of low-SNR lactate and alanine was observed with 30+ fold apparent SNR gain, whereas high-SNR pyruvate remained largely artifact-free. Correlation of high kPL with biopsy-confirmed cancer strongly indicated that this recovered important pathological information. |
| 2459 | Computer 161
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Reduction of Gibbs artifacts with the Domain Decomposition Fourier Continuation Method |
1Department of Mathematics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2Department of Data Science, Ajou University, Yeongtung-gu, Korea, Republic of, 3Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance (MR) images are obtained from the measured k-space Fourier coefficients. Due to acquisition time limitations and noise typically only a limited part of the k-space is acquired, resulting in Gibbs ringing on the images. We propose an efficient and accurate local reconstruction method that removes the Gibbs ringing and yields sharp image profiles near local edges. |
| 2460 | Computer 162
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Association of geometric features with genetic markers in glioblastoma multiforme |
1Graduate Program in Medical Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 4MedIx REU Program, Depaul University, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 6Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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A data analysis pipeline was developed to study relationships between geometric imaging features and the underlying tumor phenotype. This pipeline was run on the tumors of 203 patients clinically diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme. For each tumor, the tumor bulk and percent non-enhancing volume was calculated, along with the surface regularity of any tumor with a 3D T1-weighted post-contrast MR scan. These features were compared to the expression of P53 and Ki67 sampled from these tumors. Although there were significant differences between multiple features for both genes, only the surface regularity was a significant predictor of Ki-67 proliferative index. |
| 2461 | Computer 163
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Spherical harmonics coefficients estimation using deep neural network |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Vascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Diffusion-weighted imaging can be used to detect orientations of fibers to study human brain connectivity using tractography techniques. Spherical deconvolution based techniques have been widely used for the estimation of fiber orientation distribution (FOD), in which FODs are represented using spherical harmonics coefficients. However, high quality FOD estimation still requires large number of measurements. In this study, a deep neural network based method is proposed to estimate high quality FODs using highly q-space undersampled measurements thus to improve the acquisition efficiency. |
| 2462 | Computer 164
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A Simple Fully Automated Method for Skull-Stripping Quality Control in Brain MR Image Processing Pipelines Evaluated Using Multicenter Data |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS 5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Automated brain segmentation approaches are increasingly being used for decision support in routine clinical settings. While segmentation may be considered a “solved problem” in research, it is still challenging to assure reliable performance of automated tools in clinical settings, which is a crucial requirement for diagnostic tools. To ensure correct results, automated quality control procedures are of vital importance, but they are often difficult to implement or time-consuming to run. We propose a simple and fast fully automated method to detect segmentation errors, and we evaluate its performance to detect skull-stripping-errors using results of two different brain segmentation algorithms on a large multicenter dataset. Results show that the method is able to detect skull-stripping-errors with high specificity. |
| 2463 | Computer 165
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A brain extraction algorithm for infant T2-weighted images based on the fuzzy c-means thresholding |
1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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Brain extraction is an important step in image processing for research and diagnostic assessments using brain MR images. In this work, we proposed a brain extraction algorithm optimized for both 2D and 3D infant T2-weighted images based on the fuzzy c-means thresholding and spatial information of the neighboring slices. Quantitative analysis using the dice ratio was performed to compare the results of brain extraction using the proposed method, BET, iBEAT, and |
| 2464 | Computer 166
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A 3D Fully Convolutional Network with various input dimension for brain extraction in MRI |
1Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Cornell University, New York, NY, United States |
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A 3D Fully Convolutional Network is proposed using cascade architecture and combining two different channels to overcome the low accuracy of traditional methods. The network is applied to do the brain extraction. |
| 2465 | Computer 167
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Are Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) the Most Appropriate Metrics for Assessment of MR Image Quality? |
1Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2Biomedical Translational Imaging Centre (BIOTIC), Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada, 3Diagnostic Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada |
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Quantifying MR image quality is important for the evaluation of new image acquisition and reconstruction techniques. Automated objective image quality metrics (IQMs) such as root mean squared error (RMSE) and the structural similarity index (SSIM) are commonly used surrogates for radiologists’ perception of image quality, which can be considered the gold standard. By calculating the correlation between radiologists’ subjective grading and various IQM scores on degraded MR images, we demonstrate that RMSE and SSIM do not correlate as well as other IQMs and are potentially not the most appropriate metrics for assessment of MR image quality. |
| 2466 | Computer 168
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Signal intensity form of Tofts model for quantitative analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI data |
1Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The Tofts pharmacokinetic model requires contrast agent concentration as function of time (C(t)), which is normally calculated using the non-linear model that could contribute some errors. Here, we present signal intensity (S(t)) form of standard Tofts pharmacokinetic model without calculating C(t). Human prostate DCE-MRI data were analyzed to compare physiological parameters calculated from the Tofts model using S(t) and C(t). The Ktrans and ve calculated from S(t) were correlated strongly with the values calculated from C(t). Bland–Altman analysis showed moderate to good agreement between for the Ktrans and ve calculated from Tofts model with S(t) and C(t). |
| 2467 | Computer 169
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Test-retest reliability of resting-state brain small-world network properties across different data processing and modeling strategies |
1University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Resting-state fMRI assessed with graph theoretical modeling provides a noninvasive approach for measuring brain network topological organization properties, yet their reproducibility remains uncertain. Here we examined the test-retest reliability of seven brain small-world network metrics from well-controlled resting-state scans of 16 healthy adults using different data processing and modeling strategies. Among the seven network metrics, Lambda exhibited highest reliability whereas Sigma performed the worst. Weighted network metrics provided better reliability than binary network metrics, while reliability from the AAL90 atlas outweighed those from the Power264 parcellation. Global signal regression had no consistent effect on reliability of these network metrics. |
| 2468 | Computer 170
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Development of a Quantitative Assessment tool for Peripheral Artery Feature Extraction (pCafe) |
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand |
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Peripheral artery disease is a relatively common disease, normally caused by reduced blood flow to the limbs due to atherosclerosis in the arteries supplying them. Peripheral arteries’ anatomy, including collateral circulation, and flow information enable disease status assessment. We developed pCafe to semi-automatically trace peripheral arteries from 3D magnetic resonance angiography and measure both morphometry (anatomy) and intensity features (velocity). pCafe was validated on subjects with, and without peripheral artery occlusion, showing excellent agreement with human reviewer’s measurement (intra-class coefficient of 0.998). pCafe may be a useful tool to quantitatively characterize peripheral vascular structures in peripheral artery disease research. |
| 2469 | Computer 171
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Simultaneous Voxel-based Magnetic Susceptibility and Morphometry Analysis in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan, 2Department of Neurology, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan, 3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Toyokawa City Hospital, Yoyohashi, Japan |
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This abstract introduces an analysis pipeline of voxel-based magnetic susceptibility and morphometry (VBMSM) on single MR scan. To validate the proposed pipeline, we conducted VBMSM in control and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) groups. VBM was performed using the magnitude image. The susceptibility map was estimated by new dipole inversion utilized segmentation result. For whole brain susceptibility comparison, the susceptibility map was spatially normalized by the same transformation parameter for VBM. Significant susceptibility increases could be detected in regions associated withβ-amyloid deposition in AD. Brain atrophy also could be detected in AD. VBMSM is adaptable to neurodegenerative diseases including AD. |
| 2470 | Computer 172
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Automated cloud-based workflow for quantification of MRI signal intensity – initial real-world clinical validation |
1QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain, 2Bayer Radiology, Whippany, NJ, United States, 3Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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One-third of the brain MRI scans performed worldwide make use of contrast agent injections to enable hyperintensities detection. The long-term consequences of these contrasts can be dangerous to patients and the standard procedure to measure contrast deposition is manual, labor-intensive and time-consuming. We present a fully automatic workflow which accelerates the investigation of contrast agent depositions by extracting the T1-weighted modal intensity value and applies appropriate corrections and normalizations to allow comparison across acquisitions and protocols. Automatic results matched up to 94% correlation with manual results and reduced the time by 90%. |
| 2471 | Computer 173
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Accurate Prenatal Diagnosis of Cleft Palate Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging with 3D Super-resolution Reconstruction |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Qingyuan People’s Hospital, Qingyuan, China, 3The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 4Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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The routine clinical technique for prenatal diagnosis of cleft palate (CP) is ultrasound (US). However, the technique has difficulties on definitive diagnosis of fetal CP especially cleft posterior palate because of its technical limitations. Previous studies have demonstrated that magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can be a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of fetal CP and provides better diagnosis performance than US. However, these studies are mainly based on 2D MR imaging which has limited resolution along slice selective direction and cannot freely visualize the fetal palate from any orientation. To address this issue, we sought to use a 3D super-resolution reconstruction method to reconstruct 3D isotropic volumetric images from 2D images stacks and evaluate its feasibility of CP diagnosis. |
| 2472 | Computer 174
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Analysis of Coil Combination for bSSFP Elliptical Signal Model |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, 2Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States, 3Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The elliptical model method for removing residual banding in balanced steady state free precession images requires accurate phase information to operate. Most datasets have separate data for each coil channel with different sensitivity, requiring combination either before or after processing using the elliptical model to eliminate differences in coil sensitivity. We demonstrate that the order in which these steps are taken matters, requiring coil combination after processing with the elliptical model depending on the method. |
| 2473 | Computer 175
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Comparison of Spatial Interpolation and Inpainting Methods for Estimation of Bad Fittings in Chemical Shift Imaging Data |
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Chemical Shift Imaging (CSI) allows for the quantification of brain metabolite concentrations across multiple voxels/slices. However, issues with model fit (e.g., suboptimal standard deviation, line width/full width at half-maximum, and/or signal-to-noise ratio) can result in the significant loss of usable voxels. Here, we show that an image restoration method called “inpainting” can be successfully used to restore poorly fitted CSI voxels. This method exhibits superior performance (lowest root-mean-square errors) compared to more traditional methods. Inpainting and similar techniques can prove particularly useful as a means of minimizing voxel loss in group voxelwise analyses in standard space. |
| 2474 | Computer 1
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Feasibility of 7T 31P MRSI in lung tumors |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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In this study we show the feasibility of 31P MRSI acquisition from a lung carcinoma tumor in a patient using a 31P whole body birdcage coil at 7T. We showed that even without B0 shimming, 31P spectra could be aligned and averaged to differentiate several metabolites, related to membrane metabolism, in the lung tumor. 31P MRSI has great potential for the detection of therapy response in lung tumor cancer, as often the tumor is still relatively large to obtain sufficient spectral signal. |
| 2475 | Computer 2
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Reducing Signal Spreading with Non-Cartesian Encoding Methods for abdominal 31P 3D-MRSI with Focus on the Gallbladder |
1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2High-field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria |
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This study focuses on 31P 3D MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of the gallbladder and the reduction of voxel bleeding by Non-Cartesian encoded data sampling. Our results demonstrate on a phantom that the contamination due to point-spread-function (PSF) can be decreased compared to conventional Cartesian phase encoding. Qualitative improvements were investigated by metabolic mapping of biliary phosphatidylcholine (PtdC) originating from the gallbladder. |
| 2476 | Computer 3
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Comparison of Reconstruction Methods for Compressed Sensing phosphorus 31P-MRSI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Electrical and Computing Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Phosphorus MR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging (31P-MRS/MRSI) provide information about energy metabolism, membrane degradation and pH in vivo. However, these methods are not often used primarily because of excessive scan time. Recently, compressed sensing has awakened interest as an acceleration method for MR signal acquisition. In this work we present a 31P-MRSI sequence that combines a flyback-EPSI trajectory with compressed sensing, and we compared two reconstruction methods, conjugate gradient L1-norm minimization and low-rank Hankel matrix completion. Overall, our results showed good preservation of spectral quality for low acceleration factors and an improved performance with the low-rank approach. |
| 2477 | Computer 4
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31P MRSI of the human brain at 9.4 T: Metabolic imaging applying low-rank denoising |
1High-Field MR Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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31P MRSI enables the imaging of important components of the energy and cell membrane metabolism but suffers from low intrinsic sensitivity. In this work, we tested the LORA and CLORA low-rank noise reduction approaches to improve the quality of 3D 31P MRSI data and present first in vivo results for 31P MRSI acquired from the human brain at ultrahigh field strength of 9.4 T. |
| 2478 | Computer 5
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Accelerating High-Resolution Semi-LASER 1H-MRSI Using SPICE |
1Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Most of the current 1H-MRSI techniques have several major practical limitations, including long data acquisition time, low spatial resolution and poor SNR. To overcome these limitations, we accelerate the semi-LASER technique by incorporating subspace modeling. With this improvement, semi-LASER is cable of achieving 1.9×1.6 mm2 resolution in a 1.5 minutes scan, which is a significant improvement over the conventional semi-LASER. This imaging capability has been validated with in vivo experiments, and it may significantly enhance the practical utility of 1H-MRSI. |
| 2479 | Computer 6
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Non-Water suppressed High-Resolution 1H-MRSI of the Brain Using Short-TE SPICE with semi-LASER Concentric Ring Trajectory Acquisition |
1School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 56Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States, 7Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, United States |
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is an appealing technique in both research and clinical settings. However, the utility of MRSI has been hampered by long acquisition times and artifacts caused by lipid contamination and poor water suppression. Recent advances in MRSI acquisition and preprocessing, like concentric rings (CRT) trajectories and SPICE (SPectroscopic Imaging by exploiting spatiospectral CorrElation) (REF3), have overcome some of these issues. This work reports our success in integrating SPICE with CRT acquisitions to address the challenges of sensitivity, spectral quality, speed, and spatial resolution. |
| 2480 | Computer 7
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Parallel Imaging for Concentric Circle Readouts with GRAPPA Reconstruction for Full-Brain 3D-FID-MRSI at 7T |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MR Imaging, Vienna, Austria |
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Non-Cartesian sampling methods for MRSI such as concentric ring trajectories (CRT) are highly suitable at field strenghts ≥7T while being SNR-efficient due to its self-rewinding property and low-pass k-space-weighting. However slewrate constraints enforce the CRT to sample the k-space periphery with 2-fold or 3-fold the time of the inner circles via more temporal interleaves (TI). The combination of variable density parallel imaging (PI) and CRT for MRSI allows high acceleration factors since the undesired but necessary variable TIs can be easily undersampled and allowing therefore higher accelerations in the k-Space periphery. |
| 2481 | Computer 8
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In vivo echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 7 tesla with readout segmentation for improved spectral bandwidth |
1Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, 2Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany, 3Glasgow Clinical Research Imaging Facility, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland |
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The use of echo-planar spectroscopic imaging at ultra-high field strengths is attractive due to its suitability for high spatial and spectral resolution (HiSS) acquisitions. The drawback of the method at 7T and above is the decreasing spectral bandwidth as field strength increases. This work seeks to decouple the spectral bandwidth from the spatial resolution by the use of readout segmentation to achieve shorter echo spacing. Readout segmented EPSI spectra collected in vivo at 7T and comparable to a standard SVS method are presented. This allowed the calculation of metabolite maps for NAA, creatine and choline. |
| 2482 | Computer 9
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Improved whole brain water suppression efficiency with four-pulse WET in echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 7 tesla |
1Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Water suppression in MR spectroscopic imaging can be sensitive to variations in B1 in the sample, such as are present at 7 tesla. This work compares two versions of the WET water suppression method, the standard 3-pulse method and the extended 4-pulse method which is expected to be less sensitive to B1 variation. It is found that the 4-pulse method provides a greater consistency of water suppression efficiency across a range of B1 in both phantoms and the brain at 7T. |
| 2483 | Computer 10
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Fast spectral imaging at 7T using COKE (COherent K-t-space Epsi) with a spatially selective IR pulse (achieved by controlling pTX coil phases) |
1Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel |
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In a recent study, we demonstrated the feasibility of the COKE (Coherent K-t-space EPSI) sequence at 3T MRI to halve acquisition time or double the spectral width (SW) compared to EPSI. In this study, we explored, on a phantom with mimicking brain properties, the benefits of COKE at 7T for fast spectroscopic imaging; using an SW of 2500Hz to better cover the metabolites' frequency range. We combined it with spatially selective inversion recovery (IR) using B1 phases optimization in 8-channels transmit coil to minimize the signal drop in the center and to optimize the IR in the lipid region. |
| 2484 | Computer 11
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MR-SASSI-Accelerated, B1-Insensitive, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging at 7T: first in vivo results |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is a signal-starved technique compared to conventional magnetic resonance imaging. At ultra-high fields, such as 7 Tesla the increased signal to noise permits the acquisition of improved spectra. Spatial localization performed the volume of interest is can be time consuming. We created a multi-region excitation pulse embedded within a B1-insensitive MRSI sequence and demonstrated its use in vivo to excite two distinct spectroscopic grids which are simultaneously acquired and disentangle using a low-resolution reference scan, thus accelerating the acquisition of MRSI data. |
| 2485 | Computer 12
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How does spatial resolution affect the spectral quality and quantification accuracy of whole-brain MRSI? A simulation study at 1.5T, 3T, 7T and 9.4T |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Department of Radiology, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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The quality of MRSI data depends strongly on B0 inhomogeneities, which cause broadening of metabolite resonances and decrease signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). B0 inhomogeneity is more severe at higher B0 field, diminishing the expected SNR and spectral resolution improvements. We have created simulation models which allow us to investigate how the spectral quality and quantification accuracy of MRSI changes with increasing spatial resolution and B0 field strength, using experimentally acquired data from 1.5T, 3T, 7T, and 9.4T. These simulations show not only that accurate MRSI quantification generally benefits from smaller voxels, but it does so particularly at UHF. |
| 2486 | Computer 13
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Accelerated J-Resolved 1H-MRSI with Limited and Sparse Sampling of (k, tJ)-Space |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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J-resolved 1H-MRSI is a powerful tool for mapping brain molecules, especially those with large spectral overlaps (e.g., glutamate, glutamine |
| 2487 | Computer 14
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Detection of Choline, Glycine and Myo-inositol in Malignant Breast Cancer In-vivo Using Multi-dimensional Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Multi-parametric MR techniques have been used to diagnose and monitor the therapeutic outcome of cancer in the breast and other tissues and organs. One-dimensional MRSI has shown significantly elevated choline and higher water-to-fat ratio in malignant tumors as compared to healthy controls. Two-dimensional MRS resolves peaks along an additional spectral dimension which overcomes the overlap limitation of 1D MRSI, thereby providing more discriminatory information for developing non-invasive methods for cancer grade determination. This study presents the first application of an accelerated, echo-planar based technique that acquires correlated (2D) spectroscopy data for each voxel of 1.5ml resolution within a 3D volume (5D EP-COSI) in breast cancer. Our preliminary results in a pilot cohort of malignant and breast cancer patients demonstrate changes in unsaturated fatty acids and increased choline in malignant group compared to benign and healthy women. These pilot results indicate the potential application of the 5D EP-COSI technique which may be useful in improving the specificity of breast cancer. |
| 2488 | Computer 15
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High-Resolution T1 maps of Brain Metabolites |
1CIBM, Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 2Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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High-resolution T1 maps are measured over the whole human brain with proton FID-MRSI with incremental flip-angles. MRSI datasets with multiple flip-angles are reconstructed simultaneously through a low-rank-total generalized variation model and T1 values are determined by fit of the steady state magnetization with B1 inhomogeneity correction. Twofold compressed-sensing acceleration enables acquisition of a single flip-angle in 5 min and resulting in acquisition of 3 flip-angles in 15 min. Precise determination of T1 would enables an accurate correction of signal loss and might provide important information on brain micro-structure. |
| 2489 | Computer 16
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Comparison of ROI averaging and Spectral Localization by Imaging (SLIM) Using High Resolution 3D Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging (EPSI) |
1Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States, 3Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 4Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States |
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Conventional spectroscopic imaging methods have limitations that make acquiring metabolic information for complexly-shaped brain regions a challenge. The following study compares two methods for acquiring the regional metabolic spectra for a complex compartment shape: spectral estimation via the spatial-averaging of voxels, and Spectral Localization by Imaging (SLIM). Both techniques used the original data sets acquired from 3D Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging sequences. The two methods were compared, with the results showing that SLIM could provide comparable compartment spectra using fewer voxel acquisitions without a significant drop in spectral quality. |
| 2490 | Computer 17
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Validation of B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded spectral localization by imaging (BASE-SLIM) using High Resolution 3D EPSI |
1Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 3Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States |
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B0-adjusted and sensitivity-encoded spectral localization by imaging (BASE-SLIM) provides non-Fourier based localization for arbitrarily shaped compartments. We have extended BASE-SLIM to 3D and compared the outcome of BASE-SLIM reconstruction with that of voxel averaged high resolution 1H MRSI. |
| 2491 | Computer 18
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B0 Drift Correction in Proton Chemical Shift Imaging |
1Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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This study aims to improve 1H CSI data quality, by presenting a novel method for correction of B0 instability (0.9 Hz/min drift) due to gradient system heating produced by application of DTI and fMRI sequences. The method tracks magnetic field drift using three reference lines in the 1H CSI data, which allow misaligned spectral data to be corrected in post-processing. This novel method may be combined with any spectroscopic technique that employs water suppression. Both phantom and in vivo data are presented, to demonstrate improved SNR and spectrum quality, with minimal influence on metabolite data acquisition or added cost. |
| 2492 | Computer 19
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Retrospective motion compensation for edited MRSI data |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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A retrospective motion compensation method for edited MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) data of the human brain is presented. The algorithm identifies movement-affected data by comparing the residual water and lipid peaks at the same k-space point, and either phase corrects, replaces or removes motion-affected FIDs. The method was applied to in vivo GABA-edited MRSI data: relative to uncorrected spectra, the corrected spectra had significantly less subtraction artifacts. The method was also demonstrated for correction of glutathione-edited MRSI data. |
| 2493 | Computer 20
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Spectroscopic imaging of macromolecule-suppressed J-difference editing of GABA at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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In this study, the feasibility of macromolecule-suppressed MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) of GABA in the human brain at 3T was investigated. PRESS-localized MRSI was performed for both macromolecule (MM)) suppressed GABA and non-suppressed (GABA+) editing. GABA concentrations and MM fractions were assessed and compared. Data quality metrics (B0 homogeneity, and GABA and water fit errors) were also calculated. A significant linear correlation of GABA+ with GABA concentrations was found. MM-suppressed GABA and GABA+ concentrations agreed with previously reported single-voxel values. Data quality metrics were also similar to those of prior single-voxel acquisitions. |
| 2494 | Computer 21
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Ultra high-field, high-resolution semi-LASER MRSI of the brain |
1University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany |
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The purpose of this study was to implement and optimize multi-voxel semi-LASER MRSI in brain regions that are frequently used in clinical studies, such as deep gray structures and motor cortex, within a clinically feasible time. |
| 2495 | Computer 22
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Superresolution MRSI: a desirable acquisition trajectory. |
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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The smoothly varying waveform and sampling that starts at k=0 and the innate property of rewinding periodically to k=0, makes the rosette trajectory achieve the same spatial resolution and spectral bandwidth as other trajectories (EPSI, SSI, CONCEPT) using less than twice gradient strength and slew rate. This makes it an ideal candidate for superresolution MRSI and ultra-high field SI acquisitions. |
| 2496 | Computer 23
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Effects of Point Spread Function and Regularization Information on the MRSI with Compressed Sensing |
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, 3MOST AI Biomedical Research Center, Tainan, Taiwan |
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Compressed Sensing can be very useful in accelerating Phase-encoded Proton MRSI. The sampling functions and the reconstruction settings have been known as critical factors in recovering the data of the accelerated acquisition. The present work compared the choices of sampling functions and the regularization information in the reconstruction in a hope to optimize the framework of Compressed Sensing based MRSI. The results suggest that the spectral quality can be retained for as high as five-fold acceleration with an appropriate undersampling and reconstruction setting. |
| 2497 | Computer 24
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Undersampling strategies for compressed sensing accelerated MR spectroscopic imaging |
1SBHSE, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Glibert, AZ, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI) is an invaluable tool in cancer diagnosis due to its specificity but long scan times makes it less popular for routine clinical use. Clinical integration of accelerating methods such as compressed sensing (CS) can improve patient throughput. Two different undersampling strategies were implemented and statistical fidelity was tested to obtain a five-fold reduction is acquisition time; 1) a conventional variable density pseudorandom undersampling and 2) an a priori information based strategy that exploits anatomical scans. Statistical results from in vivo studies show the feasibility of using CS accelerated MRSI without loss of data fidelity. |
| 2498 | Computer 25
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Compensation of Spectral Line Broadening in Proton-Echo-Planar-Spectroscopic-Imaging (PEPSI) using Dynamic Expansion of K-Space and Parallel Imaging |
1Neurology,Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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This study introduces a novel MRSI approach using dynamically expanding k-space acquisition during spectral encoding to compensate B0 inhomogeneity related signal losses and spectral line broadening, taking advantage of the sparsity of the spectral signal in the time domain. 2D PEPSI with segmented increases in k-space to a maximum 6x6-fold expansion in kx and ky using spectral time domain and ky undersampling was implemented on a clinical scanner. The study characterizes signal gains and resulting spectral line narrowing in regions with B0 inhomogeneity in phantoms and in vivo. This approach complements emerging hardware solutions for improving higher-order shimming. |
| 2499 | Computer 26
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Spectral Editing of NAD+/NADH in 31P NMR spectra of Human Brain |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States, 4VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides (NAD+/NADH) play an essential role in cellular redox reactions and many biological processes. Altered NAD+/NADH levels and redox state may be associated with development of neurodegenerative diseases and psychotic disorders. 31P MRS is currently the only non-invasive technique to measure NAD+/NADH levels and redox state in human brain in vivo. However, the present technique suffers two major drawbacks: (1) the severe overlapping of the NAD+/NADH signals with the α-ATP resonance, and (2) the distorted baseline underneath these signals. Here we present a novel spectral editing method that allows resolution of NAD+/NADH from α-ATP at baseline. |
| 2500 | Computer 27
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Fast Quantification of Creatine Kinase Reaction Rate in Mouse Skeletal Muscle Using 31P Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, cleveland, OH, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, OH, United States |
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We evaluated the accuracy and efficiency of a 31P magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) method for fast measurement of the creatine kinase (CK) rate constant in mouse skeletal muscle. Our results showed consistent measurement of CK rate constant with less than 10% variations with only 6 signal averages, corresponding to 2 min acquisition. |
| 2501 | Computer 28
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Functional 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Human Visual Cortex using Repeated Short-Term Stimulation at 7T |
1German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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Functional 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy allows the noninvasive observation of high-energy phosphate turnover in vivo, and might enable insight into the energy metabolism of activated brain areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible changes in 31P spectra of the human brain at B0 = 7T in response to repeated short-term visual stimulation. No significant changes in signal intensities and frequencies of 31P-containing brain metabolites were observed, which agrees with results from recent studies at ultra-high fields using long-term stimuli. |
| 2502 | Computer 29
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Dynamic 31P-MRSI of Human Calf Muscles using Compressed Sensing and a Low Rank Reconstruction |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Electrical and Computing Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Dynamic 31P-MRSI experiments require temporal resolution on the order of seconds to concurrently assess metabolic change in different muscles. In this study we developed a pulse sequence using a flyback-EPSI readout combined with compressed sensing (CS) to achieve a 9 second temporal resolution and tested it in 11 healthy volunteers during an exercise-recovery challenge of the lower leg muscles. Our results showed that the sequence was capable of assessing PCr depletion/recovery and intracellular pH at rest and following exercise, of multiple muscle groups simultaneously, using a clinical 3T MR system. |
| 2503 | Computer 30
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Dependence of 31P MRS Redox Ratio on T1 Saturation |
1National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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31P measurement of the oxidized (NAD+) and reduce form (NADH) of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been applied to in vivo assessment of the redox state of the brain. Since uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) overlaps with the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide peaks we examined the effect of changes in the relative intensities of the UDPG basis components on quantification of the redox ratio. We found that the fitted redox ratio is significantly dependent on the UDPG basis whose chemically distinct components are subject to different T1 saturation effect in vivo. |
| 2504 | Computer 31
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Human cardiac pH and Pi concentration during dobutamine stress measured by 7T 31P-MRS |
1Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 4Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5The Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in the reaction ATP + H20 ⇌ ADP + Pi (inorganic phosphate) is used to drive all cellular processes, including those involved in ventricular contraction and relaxation. When spectral quality is sufficient to quantify the Pi peak, it is possible to assess the ratio of Pi to phosphocreatine (Pi/PCr), which is an established measure of the muscle control of energy production. It is also possible to assess cardiac intracellular pH from the Pi to PCr frequency offset. Most human cardiac 31P-MRS studies report only the PCr/ATP ratio, and are typically unable to quantify cardiac Pi because of partially overlapping resonances from 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in blood. We aimed to use ultra-high (7T) field strength and a novel 31P STEAM sequence to 1) non-invasively measure myocardial Pi/PCr and pH at rest and 2) for the first time record these parameters during catecholamine stress. |
| 2505 | Computer 32
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NOE enhancement for 31P-MRS of skeletal and cardiac muscle at 7T |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislave, Slovakia, 4Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5High-Field MR Centre, Centre for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 6Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 7JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 8Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 9The Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Phosphorus MR spectroscopy (31P-MRS) is a proven method for probing tissue energetics and membrane metabolism. Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) enhancement can considerably improve the quality of 31P spectra. This has been demonstrated in the brain and prostate at 7T, but NOE has not yet been applied elsewhere in the human body at 7T. In this study, we evaluated NOE enhancement for 31P-MRS in human skeletal muscle and in the heart in vivo at 7T. We observe significant enhancements (e.g. for PCr/γ-ATP: 25%/16% in muscle, 31%/11% in |
| 2506 | Computer 33
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Nutritional ketosis increases NAD+/NADH ratio in healthy human brain: an in vivo study by 31P-MRS |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Clinical Development Unit, Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences SA, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Nestlé Health Science, Epalinges, Switzerland, 5Department of radiology, University of Lausanne and Geneva, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland |
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Ketones represent an important alternative fuel for the brain under glucose hypo-metabolic conditions induced by neurological diseases or aging, however their metabolic consequences in healthy brain remain unclear. Here we report that ketones can increase the redox NAD+/NADH ratio in the resting brain of healthy young adults. As NAD is an important energetic and signaling metabolic modulator, these results provide mechanistic clues on how nutritional ketosis might contribute to the preservation of brain health. |
| 2507 | Computer 34
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Metabolic fate of glucose in atypical meningioma studied by 13C NMR isotopomer analysis |
1Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States |
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Meningiomas are tumors arising from meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and the spinal cord. Majority of meningiomas (grade-1) are benign and grow slowly. However, atypical meningiomas (grade-2) exhibit increased cellular abnormalities, and grow at a faster rate than benign meningiomas. Moreover, atypical meningiomas prone to recurrence and show resistance to radiotherapy. Atypical meningiomas show higher 18F-FDG uptake in PET scans. No prior reports are available on investigating metabolic fate of glucose in atypical meningiomas. The goal of this study is to probe the metabolic fate of glucose using NMR based [U-13C]glucose isotopic tracing methods in patient-derived atypical meningioma cells. |
| 2508 | Computer 35
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An Optimized PRESS Sequence for the Detection of 13C4-Glutamate at 9.4 T |
1Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Department of Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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Glutamate (Glu) incorporates 13C label on its C4 carbon (13C4-Glu) following a 13C-labelled glucose (Glc) infusion, resulting in a ≈2.51ppm proton “satellite” peak that provides an indirect measure of 13C4-Glu. Quantification of the satellite peak is complicated at short echo time (TE) due to overlap with the ≈2.49ppm N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak. A PRESS, point resolved spectroscopy, (TE1, TE2) combination of (20ms, 106ms) was found to be suitable for resolving the ≈2.51ppm 13C4-Glu proton peak from that of NAA at 9.4T by exploiting differences in J-coupling evolution. The efficacy of the technique is verified on rat brain during a [U-13C6]-Glc infusion. |
| 2509 | Computer 36
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Cardiac mechanical function and metabolism during hyperpolarized 13C experiments |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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We investigated the relationship between contractile function and hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism in a small animal model. We demonstrated significant functional changes in cardiac contractile function between pre- and post-infusion of [1-13C]pyruvate. The combined effect of infusion volume and pyruvate substrate likely explains most of the augmentation in myocardial mechanical function seen in these experiments. These data indicate the most appropriate time to image myocardial contractile function is soon as possible after HP 13C pyruvate infusion. |
| 2510 | Computer 37
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Protocol for multi-site quantitative evaluation of 13C radio frequency coils |
1GE Healthcare, Dallas, TX, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 3UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark, 5GE Healthcare, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We present a protocol for measurement of SNR profile of 13C RF coils for clinical imaging systems. This protocol makes use of standard, vendor-provided pulse sequences as well as the natural abundance 13CH3 resonance of the dimethyl silicone (DMS) phantoms which are widely distributed. We also provide an open source code for processing and analysis.
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| 2511 | Computer 38
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Enhanced sodium quantification accuracy in a 3T clinical 23Na MR stroke study |
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy, 3Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center and Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 4Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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Tissue sodium quantification from sodium magnetic resonance acquisitions is a promising biomarker in ischemic stroke diagnostics and can be incorporated |
| 2512 | Computer 39
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Combined 23Na/39K MRI for the quantification of Na+ and K+ concentrations in human skeletal muscle at 7 T |
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Center for Medical Physics and Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 3Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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A non-invasive determination of Na+ and K+ concentrations in skeletal muscle tissue is desirable to gain insights into pathological processes connected to various diseases. In this work, the feasibility of combined quantitative 23Na/39K MRI at 7 T using a double-tuned 23Na/39K birdcage calf coil was examined. In phantom measurements, a 23Na/39K SNR ratio of 46.8 was found. Moreover, Na+ and K+ concentrations close to the real concentrations were determined. In skeletal muscle tissue, fast transverse relaxation of 39K leads to underestimation of K+ concentrations if no relaxation correction is applied. |
| 2513 | Computer 40
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Whole-brain 23Na multi-parametric mapping at 7 Tesla |
1CEA - Neurospin, Paris, France, 2CRMBM, UMR 7339, Aix-Marseille University, Paris, France, 3CENIR, ICM, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France, Paris, France, 4Siemens Healthineers, Saint-Denis, France |
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Quantifying physical properties of sodium could be of benefit to assess more specifically changes in cellular homeostasis accompanying neuroinflammatory or neurodegenerative processes. Here, we performed whole-brain Quantitative Imaging using Configuration States (QuICS) in vivo at 7 Tesla to assess simultaneously Total Sodium Concentration (TSC) and relaxation times (T1 and T2). An acquisition time of 20 minutes was sufficient for a 10 mm3 isotropic resolution. In the future, the use of non-Cartesian trajectories could further reduce the overall acquisition time, opening the way to the additional estimation of the trace apparent diffusion coefficient. |
| 2514 | Computer 41
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Optimizing Compressed Sensing for quantitative Sodium MRI of the human brain |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 2Melbourne Brain Centre Imaging Unit, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 3Medicine & Radiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia |
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The clinical application of Sodium MRI is hampered due to relatively low image quality and associated long acquisition times (TA). Compressed Sensing (CS) aims at a reduction of TA, but has been found to encompass quantitative estimation bias when used in low SNR x-Nuclei imaging. This work analyses CS in human brain Sodium MRI from both angles, acquisition speed-up and quantification, and presents an optimized setup allowing an up to four-fold TA reduction with recommendations for quantitative assessments. The demonstrated global optima of CS weighting parameters and achievable reduction in TA greatly support the transition of Sodium MRI into clinical routine. |
| 2515 | Computer 42
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Measurement of 23Na MRI point-spread function (PSF) using a 3D printing resolution phantom |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 2Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3GE Global Research, Munich, Germany |
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Acquisition of in vivo 23Na MRI suffers from many inherent technical challenges, including low signal, short T2 relaxation times, and the necessity of dedicated hardware for transmitting and receiving. Despite these issues, research remains attractive because of sodium’s essential role in cellular homeostasis, pH regulation and action potentials in neurons. Quantification of data acquisition and reconstruction techniques are essential in order to overcome 23Na MRI’s difficulties, and we present measurement of the point-spread functions of 3D radial pulse sequences in resolution phantoms with differing sodium concentrations. |
| 2516 | Computer 43
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Comparison of Relaxometry-Weighted Sodium MRI and IDH Status in Cerebral Gliomas |
1Forschungszentrum Juelich, INM-11, Juelich, Germany, 2Forschungszentrum Juelich, INM-4, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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Patients with cerebral gliomas were investigated using an enhanced SISTINA sequence to estimate sodium relaxation and its correlation to the IDH mutational status. Sodium MRI is used for the indirect assessment of sodium relaxation parameters through the relative change at two echo times in |
| 2517 | Computer 44
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Measurement of Intraneurite Sodium Concentration from NODDI-based Partial Volume Correction of in vivo 23Na MRI |
1Neuroscience, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom, 2Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States, 3Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 4Neuroimaging, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy |
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The sodium ion plays a crucial role in maintaining healthy brain function and metabolism. Changes in sodium concentration measured with 23Na MRI have been implicated in several diseases in the brain and other organs. However, due to SNR and scanning time requirements, 23Na MRI remains a low resolution technique hampered by partial volume effects. Here, we combined a partial volume correction (PVC) algorithm, previously used in Arterial Spin Labeling perfusion MRI, with Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) to extract sodium concentration values from intra- and extra-neurite compartments in the brain in vivo using 23Na MRI at 3T. |
| 2518 | Computer 45
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Optimized 3D Dictionary-Learning Compressed-Sensing Reconstruction for Quantitative Sodium Imaging in the Skeletal Muscle |
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 2Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany, 3Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies, Erlangen, Germany |
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Quantitative sodium MRI could be a sensitive tool for therapy monitoring in muscular diseases. However, sodium MRI suffers a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). 3D dictionary-learning compressed-sensing (3D-DLCS) enables SNR improvement and acceleration of sodium MRI, but it is dependent on parameterization. In this work a simulation based optimization method for 3D-DLCS is presented, which finds the most suitable parameters for 3D-DLCS in the context of sodium quantification. The method is applied in an in vivo study to quantify sodium in the skeletal muscle. The optimized 3D-DLCS yields a lower quantification error than the reference reconstruction method (Nonuniform FFT). |
| 2519 | Computer 46
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Ouabain Inhibition Reverses Sodium Fluxes in a Preclinical Model of Migraine: a 23Na MRI Study at 21.1 T |
1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States |
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Increased sodium potassium ATPase(Na,K-ATPase) pump activity raises cerebrospinal fluid and brain sodium, resulting in the onset and progression of central sensitization [1-4]. With the goal of testing whether impaired Na,K-ATPase activity is implicit in the onset of migraine, this study makes use of ouabain to inhibit Na,K-ATPase activity and delineate sodium changes that may lie at the heart of migraine. At high spatial and temporal resolution, 23Na multislice CSI scans were acquired from a rodent migraine model, at 21.1 T following the onset or potential inhibition of central sensitization to identify localized sodium changes over 3-h after induction. |
| 2520 | Computer 47
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Multi-layered radiofrequency coil design for X-nuclei Imaging |
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Pulse Teq Ltd, Woking, United Kingdom, 4Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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A novel multi-layered radiofrequency coil for X-nuclei imaging is presented which implements stacked layers for improved B1+ and SNR. The multi-layer design increased B1+ by 27% in 23Na phantom experiments and 19% in electromagnetic simulations compared to a single layer coil. Transmit-receive efficiency for a 13C multi-layer coil was double that of a quadrature coil, requiring half the power to achieve a 90° flip. An averaged SNR map from CSI indicated receive sensitivity gain of 33% from the quadrature to multi-layer design. |
| 2521 | Computer 48
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Density Adapted Stack of Stars Sequence for 23Na using Dictionary Learning Compressed Sensing Reconstruction |
1German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany |
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Sodium plays important roles in many cellular processes, which motivates imaging of the 23Na distribution. Short relaxation times and low in-vivo signal result in the need of sequences with short echo times and techniques to improve the SNR. Therefore, we present a stack of stars (SOS) sequence with density adapted readout gradients to increase SNR. We combine this sequence with an anisotropic dictionary learning compressed sensing reconstruction to further reduce noise in the images. |
| 2522 | Computer 49
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping and sodium imaging based analysis of susceptibility and sodium concentrations in the basal ganglia |
1Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Division of Medical Physics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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23Na concentrations and iron deposition in cerebral gray matter have both shown to be increased in degenerative and inflammatory cerebral diseases. This study employs sodium imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping to assess differences in sodium concentrations and susceptibility within the basal ganglia in healthy volunteers at 7T. Results indicate a fundamentally different distribution of 23Na concentrations compared to the distribution of susceptibility within the nuclei of the basal ganglia and suggest that not only susceptibility but also 23Na concentrations may be physiologically distributed in a characteristic manner. |
| 2523 | Computer 50
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Using dynamic sodium imaging to assess furosemide action in the porcine kidney |
1University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2Aarhus Unviersity, Aarhus, Denmark, 3Unviersity of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark, 5University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The ability to image sodium is believed to be a powerful tool to understand physiological processes, |
| 2524 | Computer 51
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Cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratios in essential tremor patients are correlated with tremor severity |
1Department of Radiation Physics, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 2Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Neurosurgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 4Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, and Department of Neurosurgery, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden |
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The aims of this study were to investigate whether GABA+ and Glx concentrations, and the relation between them, were altered in patients with severe essential tremor (ET) compared to healthy controls, and to investigate if the GABA and Glx concentrations were associated with the tremor severity. We observed an increasing GABA+/Glx ratio with tremor severity in the ET patients. Our conclusion was that this increasing cerebellar GABA+/Glx ratio mainly was driven by the decrease in Glx rather than an increase in GABA+, which suggests that an increasing tremor severity is partly due to a disturbance in the Glx concentration. |
| 2525 | Computer 52
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The Neurotransmitter NAAG in Different Phases of Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients |
1Department of Radiology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland, 2Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 4Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, Department of Neurology, University Hospital and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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This study explores the alterations of N-Acetyl aspartate (NAA) and the neurotransmitter N-Acetyl aspartyl glutamate (NAAG) in the cerebral normal-appearing white tissue of multiple sclerosis patients with a relapsing-remitting course. A two-dimensional J-resolved single voxel spectroscopy sequence and two-dimensional prior-knowledge fitting is used to disentangle the resonance lines of NAA and NAAG. |
| 2526 | Computer 53
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High intrahepatic lipid content is associated with low choline status in humans-a 1H-MRS study at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Mastricht, Netherlands, 2Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM school for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) has become a major threat to metabolic health. Animal studies have suggested that disturbances in choline metabolism may be linked to the development of NAFL. However, to date, human data on the link of choline and NAFL is scarce. The trimethylammonium (TMA) group of choline can be detected with 1H-MRS at 3.20 ppm. Here, we investigated the relationship between intrahepatic choline levels and hepatic lipid content on healthy overweight/obese subjects using 1H-MRS at 3 Tesla. Our results showed that high hepatic lipid content is associated with low choline content in the liver. |
| 2527 | Computer 54
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Association of hepatic histologic features with magnetic resonance spectroscopy derived hepatic fat and water T1 and T2 estimates in adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
1Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to assess possible associations between hepatic histologic features of NAFLD and the T1 and T2 of water and fat, measured by a multi TR, multi TE 1H MRS STEAM sequence that acquires 32 spectra for a range of TRs and TEs in a single breath-hold. In evaluation of 51 adults Water T1 showed a positive association with fibrosis. Water T1 and T2 and Fat T1 and T2 all showed associations with steatosis grade; no other statistically significant associations were observed. This may contribute to noninvasive methods of detection and monitoring of NALFD. |
| 2528 | Computer 55
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J-edited Cerebral MR Spectroscopy in Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy |
1Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany, 3Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany |
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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) associated with elevated brain ammonia levels. The detoxification of ammonia leads to regionally selective alterations in several brain metabolites. The present study investigates these neurotransmitter changes in HE patients in the GABAergic and glutamatergic system. Using MEGA-PRESS, MR spectroscopy was performed in cerebellum, thalamus, and motor cortex. Preliminary results unravel increased GABA levels accompanied by elevated glutamine and reduced myo-Inositol in the cerebellum, but an absence of GABA level changes in the two other regions. These initial findings may lead to further explanation of cognitive and motor deficits in HE, but need to be substantiated further. |
| 2529 | Computer 56
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1 H MRS Analysis of Pancreas Metabolites altered by Cachexia |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cancer induced cachexia is a syndrome characterized by tissue wasting and weight loss. Cachexia occurs with the highest frequency and severity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). To further understand this syndrome, we used 1H MRS to analyze pancreas metabolites in mice with and without cachexia-inducing PDAC xenografts. We detected significant weight loss in cachectic mice. 1H MR spectra identified significant differences in amino acids, BCAA, alanine, pyruvate, phosphocholine, niacinamide and NAD in cachectic mice that provide new insights into the morbidity and mortality associated with the syndrome that may lead to novel strategies to arrest this syndrome. |
| 2530 | Computer 57
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Chemical deregulation in breast tissue of women at familial high risk of breast cancer correlates with the IBIS Breast Cancer Risk Evaluator Tool using 2D COSY at 3 Tesla |
1Queensland University of Technology/Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 2Princess Alexandra Hospital/Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 3Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia, 4Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Australia, 5Siemens, Brisbane, Australia, 6University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 7Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, 8Translational Research Institute/Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia |
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Evaluation of breast tissue of women with a high familial risk of developing breast cancer using in vivo 2D COSY as part of a standard 3T breast MRI showed statistically significant alterations in the type of double bonds in fatty acyl chains compared with controls. Further, when separating the familial cohort using the IBIS risk evaluatior tool into a group above and below 20% lifetime risk, statistically significant differences in both cholesterol and metabolites were recorded. |
| 2531 | Computer 58
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Neurochemical profile of the human hippocampus at 3T after traumatic brain injury |
1Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The aim of this work was to investigate the metabolic profile of the hippocampus in a clinical population (moderate/severe traumatic brain injury patients in the acute phase), using an MR Spectroscopy LASER sequence at 3T. With ongoing data acquisition, preliminary results show reduced levels of total choline (tCho), metabolite reflecting membrane turnover. |
| 2532 | Computer 59
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Whole-brain high resolution 3D MRSI for measuring 2HG and tumor metabolism in mutant IDH glioma patients |
1Department of Radiology, MGH, A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 2Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 7Department Neurology, Division of Neuro-Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG) detection using MRSI is a very promising, but challenging technique. Although high-resolution MRSI reduces the already small SNR of 2HG, it also reduces the spectral linewidth and provides more voxels for quantification. This study compares two high-resolution spiral MRSI sequences with a low-resolution MEGA-edited sequence, and one with a short echo time for 2HG detection in brain tumor patients. Three patients and three volunteers were measured with all four sequences. The two high-resolution sequences perform better with less false-positive 2HG detection in volunteers, and a more reliable 2HG quantification in IDH-mutated tumors. |
| 2533 | Computer 60
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Comparison of MEGA-PRESS and Short Echo Time PRESS on Classification of IDH Mutation Using Machine Learning at 3T |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Neuroradiology Research Center, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Radiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation is common in grade II and grade III gliomas, and results in better patient prognosis IDH mutant (IDH-mut) gliomas. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies indicated an increase in 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) and decrease in glutamate (Glu) and glutathione (GSH) as a result of IDH mutation. The goal of this study is to compare IDH mutation classification performances of short echo-time (TE) PRESS and MEGA-PRESS by using machine learning in 60 glioma patients. Highest average classification accuracy was 75% with coarse decision trees for short TE PRESS, and 74% with ensemble of bagged of trees for MEGA-PRESS. |
| 2534 | Computer 61
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Metabolic Markers of Disease Progression in Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles/USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Rudi Schulte Research Institute, Santa Barbara, CA, United States, 3Biostatistics, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 4Radiology, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 5Neurosurgery, UPMC Children's Hopital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPG) are inoperable and highly resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. DIPG carry the worst prognosis among pediatric brain tumors with progress in the development of therapies compromised by low patient numbers and unavailability of tissue samples to characterize disease status. In this work we present evidence, that non-invasive MR spectroscopy can provide robust early indicators that can assess the effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) of potential new therapeutic approach at an early stage and accelerate the completion of clinical trials in small cohorts of patients. |
| 2535 | Computer 62
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Evaluation of the elevated signal at 3.55 ppm in 1H MRS spectra of certain glioma patients |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany, Tuebingen, Germany |
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In MR-spectroscopy of gliomas, sometimes an elevation of the signal at 3.55 ppm at an echo time of 135 ms is found, which can be interpreted as myo-inositol or as glycine. Due to coupling effects, the signal of inositol should be reduced at an echo time of 90 ms, while the glycine signal should be larger than at TE 135 ms. In measurements of glioma patients, which show an enhanced signal at 3.55 ppm at TE 135ms, we found a decreased signal at TE 90. Therefore, we saw no indication of elevated glycine concentration in gliomas. |
| 2536 | Computer 63
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Neurometabolic consequences of perinatal HIV infection and exposure are still observed in children at 11 years |
1Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 3Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa, 4A.A. Martinos Centre for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 6Cape Universities Body Imaging Center, University of Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa |
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HIV establishes reservoirs within the brain, causing damage despite individuals adhering to antiretroviral therapy. The long-term consequences of perinatal HIV infection and early treatment in children remain unclear. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was carried out to assess the effects of HIV on neurodevelopment, at a metabolic level, comparing HIV-positive, HIV-exposed-uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed children at 11 years old. Absolute metabolite concentrations were compared between these groups, through linear regression analysis. Elevated choline levels within two regions of interest suggest putative inflammation in HIV-positive children. A reduction of N-acetyl-acetate in a white-matter region of HIV-positive and HEU children implies axonal damage. |
| 2537 | Computer 64
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MR Spectroscopic Changes in Infants Exposed to Prenatal Opioids: A Pilot Study |
1Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia, 2UNSW, Kensington, Australia, 3University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, 4ANU, Canbera, Australia, 5ANU, Canberra, Australia |
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Proton spectra were obtained from the left caudate, left hippocampus and subventricular zone of the brains of one week old babies born to mothers who were opioid users. The study suggests that decreased brain volumes after prenatal opioid-exposure are associated with hippocampal spectral abnormalities with increased severity related to multiple opioid use. |
| 2538 | Computer 65
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Altered biochemical profiles in fetuses with congenital heart disease |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States, 2Pediatrics, George Washington Univeristy, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Developing Brain Research Laboratory, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, United States, 4Fetal Heart Program, Children's National Health System, Washington, MD, United States |
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Brain injury is a major complication in infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD). There is growing evidence that impaired brain development has its origins in the fetal period. We prospectively characterized in vivo fetal brain metabolic profiles in 307 fetuses (210 health fetuses and 97 with CHD). Findings from measurements of metabolite concentrations of NAA, Cr, and Cho increased with advancing GA in healthy and CHD fetuses. In CHD fetuses, tNAA/tCh ratios were significantly lower while lactate concentrations were significantly higher compared to healthy fetuses, suggesting early-life disturbances in fetal brain biochemistry. |
| 2539 | Computer 66
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Accelerated Five-Dimensional Echo-Planar Correlated Spectroscopic Imaging to assess Lipids and Metabolite differences between Type-2 Diabetic and Healthy Calf Muscle |
1Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States |
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Obesity-related diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes have become increasingly widespread. This condition can be characterized in part by changes in the fat composition of muscle, specifically in the relative concentrations of extra-myocellular (EMCL) and intra-myocellular (IMCL) lipids. Although 1D MRS techniques have been applied to assess skeletal muscle metabolite composition, they are hindered by lipid contamination from EMCL and spectral overlap which can complicate quantitation and differentiation from IMCL. 2D MRS improves spectral dispersion, allowing clear separation of both EMCL and IMCL and determination of the unsaturation index of muscle lipids. In this study, we apply a 5D (3D spatial + 2 spectral) echo-planer correlated spectroscopic imaging (EP-COSI) technique to assess the lipid and metabolic differences within the calf muscle among three groups of subjects – diabetic, age-matched healthy, and young healthy controls. |
| 2540 | Computer 67
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Metabolic abnormalities in cingulate gyrus in HIV infection by 3D rosette spectroscopic imaging |
1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to assess metabolic abnormalities in HIV infection by MRSI covering brain cortex and parts of striatum. Sixteen HIV-seropositive subjects (younger and older than 60) and age-matched 30 seronegative controls were evaluated using a fast rosette 3D MRSI sequence at 3T, segmentation and parcellation into 13 brain regions, and fGM regression statistics to evaluate abnormalities. MI/NAA, Cr/NAA, Ch/NAA and Ch/Cr increase in anterior and posterior cingulate as a function of HIV serostatus and age. Fast MRSI enables the detection of subtle metabolic abnormalities in HIV infection at clinically acceptable scan times (<10 min) at 3T. |
| 2541 | Computer 68
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Metabolite markers of glutamatergic activity and neuro-inflammation in the superior temporal gyrus in patients with schizophrenia. |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Laboratory of Neuroscience, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Beth Isreal Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States |
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Many studies have shown that the superior temporal gyrus undergoes many changes in schizophrenia. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of the brain have also shown brain metabolite levels are altered in schizophrenia however the superior temporal gyrus has not been examined in detail. The aim of this study was to compare brain metabolite levels in patients with schizophrenia and controls as well as examine their correlation with electrophysiology measures. |
| 2542 | Computer 69
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The Potential Impact of Multiparametric MRS in the Early Detection of Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 2Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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Clinical proton MRS conventionally measures metabolites' concentrations, but neglects to acquire their relaxation constants, despite the fact that these are known to vary in many pathologies. Using computer simulations and literature values for n-acetyl-aspartate, we show that incorporating this additional information can greatly facilitate the detection of neurodegeneration in early stage multiple sclerosis (MS), increasing the area under the corresponding receiver operating characteristic curves from 0.68 to 0.91. These results strongly motivate the need for developing robust sequences for clinical multiparametric magnetic resonance spectroscopy . |
| 2543 | Computer 70
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Mapping of Regional Distributions of Brain Metabolites in Healthy Young Adults using Three-dimensional Echoplanar Spectroscopic Imaging |
1Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Radiology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States |
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To determine the regional distributions of metabolites from different lobar regions of brain in a cohort of healthy individuals in late adolescence and early adulthood, a total of 19 subjects (mean age=22) underwent 3D-echoplanar spectroscopic imaging. The parametric maps of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (tCr), choline (tCho), myoinositol (mI) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) were generated using sophisticated post-processing steps. These maps were normalized to MNI atlas. Significant spatial variations in metabolite ratios of NAA/tCr, tCho/tCr, mI/tCr and Glx/tCr were observed across different lobar regions of brain. These findings will undergird future efforts to understand metabolite distributions in neurodevelopmental disorders. |
| 2544 | Computer 71
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7T 1H-MRS of the anterior cingulate in patients with psychosis spectrum and mood symptoms |
1Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Data from 12 typically developing (TD), 10 clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), 6 psychosis (PSY) and 4 mood disorder (MD) participants who underwent 1HMRS at 7T. Short TE single voxel spectra (SVS) were obtained using a custom-modified PRESS sequence from the anterior cingulate gyrus. Data quality was high and tissue contribution within the acquisition voxel was similar across diagnostic groups. NAA, Creatine, Choline, GSH and Glu were significantly lower in PSY as compared to TD. CHR showed an intermediate pattern for all brain neurometabolites, except GSH, which was elevated as compared to TD. MD patients, in general, showed higher concentrations of NAA, Cho, GSH and Glu as compared to TD. |
| 2545 | Computer 72
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Metabolic Alterations in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy: A Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy (SHE) is characterized by bizarre motor behavior during sleep. The aim of this present study was to investigate metabolic alterations in the bilateral DLPFC using 1H-MRS to understand the underlying pathophysiology of SHE. Thirty-nine subjects with |
| 2546 | Computer 73
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Longitudinal cerebral metabolic changes in delayed neurologic sequelae after carbon monoxide intoxication using 1H MR spectroscopy. |
1Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2Dept. of Radiology, Veterans General Hospital-Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Dept. of Neurology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 5School of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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In this study, we explored the metabolic changes in WM and GM of patients with and without DNS using 1H MRS longitudinally at onset, 1, 3, and 9 months after CO intoxication. Decreased tNAA/Cr and increased Cho/Cr were observed in WM of patients with DNS as literatures have reported. The longitudinal change of Glx/Cr and Ins/Cr in WM and GM of patients with DNS implies themselves that may provide valuable information for monitoring DNS development. |
| 2547 | Computer 74
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Evidence for increasing hippocampal metabolite concentrations during healthy aging |
1Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada, 4Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Psychiatry, Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Previous magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have concluded that hippocampal metabolite concentrations remain stable during healthy adult aging. However, these studies used short repetition times (TR ≤ 2s), which leads to heavy T1-weighting. We used a longer TR (4s) to reduce T1-weighting and found hippocampal metabolite concentrations increase with age for N-acetyl-aspartate, creatine, choline and myo-inositol. Our findings illustrate the importance of using sufficiently long TR in MRS to avoid T1-relaxation effects influencing the measurement of metabolite concentrations. |
| 2548 | Computer 75
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Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Metabolite Concentrations in Children |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Child and Adolescent Imaging Research (CAIR) Program, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 6Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada, 7Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 8Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 9The Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 10Strategic Clinical Network for Addictions and Mental Health, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that safely modulates brain activity. Several studies have shown that tDCS of the motor cortex facilitates motor learning and plasticity but there is little information on the underlying mechanisms. This analysis of metabolite changes in response to 1mA tDCS using typical PRESS and MEGA-PRESS is important in developing a complete understanding of the effects of stimulation. In this pediatric study, we did not detect the same GABA and glutamate changes in response to tDCS that have been seen in the adult literature. |
| 2549 | Computer 76
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CSF Flow and Aging: An Early Marker of Pathology? |
1Center for Advanced Brain Imaging and Neurophysiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 2Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Phase Contrast-Magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) provides detailed information on flow of spins, and has been applied to blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. In the field of CSF imaging, PC-MRI is mostly used as a clinical tool to look for frank CSF changes. However, subtle CSF changes are thought to occur in neurovascular pathologies, as well as neurodegenerative disorders such as AD. In addition, it has been shown that CSF flow may change during the aging process. In this abstract, we seek to select the optimal imaging parameters to investigate aging-related CSF changes. |
| 2550 | Computer 77
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Visualization of irregular CSF flow by dynamic iMSDE SSFP using acceleration- selective motion - sensitized gradient (AS-MSG) |
1Department of Radiology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Japan, 2Division of Diagnostic Image Analysis Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, 3Healthcare, Philips Electronics Japan Ltd., Shinagawa, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan, 5Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan |
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We reported a technique to visualize the irregular flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by using dynamic improved motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium steady-state free precession (dynamic iMSDE SSFP). The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of intracranial CSF visualization with dynamic SSFP using acceleration selective motion sensitized gradient (AS-MSG). The dynamic SSFP using AS-MSG distinguished acceleration flow in CSF from constant flow. This technique is suggested to contribute to the diagnosis of various diseases in the CSF space. |
| 2551 | Computer 78
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Microgravity-induced changes in pituitary morphology, brain volumetry, and cerebral spinal fluid hydrodynamics: relationship to spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome |
1Diagnostic Imaging, UTSHC-Houston, Houston, TX, United States, 2NASA, Houston, TX, United States |
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A longitudinal study of astronauts with long duration exposure to microgravity showed intracranial volumetric expansion which did not return to baseline after a 1 year of post-flight recovery. These findings were associated with increased cerebral spinal fluid pulsatility through the cerebral aqueduct suggesting diminished intracranial compliance. Additionally, there was development of pituitary gland deformity similar to that seen in idiopathic intracranial hypertension implicating the presence of elevated intracranial pressure during spaceflight. |
| 2552 | Computer 79
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Evaluation of Intracranial Pressure-Regulation by MRI-measured Cerebrospinal Fluid Pulsation |
1Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan |
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We conducted this study to determine the cerebrospinal fluid pulsation in the supine and sitting positions using multiposture MRI. The stroke volume of the aqueduct is not affected by intracranial pressure change. Cerebrospinal fluid pulsation measurements to evaluate the intracranial pressure-regulation function should be taken at the boundary between cranial and spinal cavities rather than in the aqueduct. |
| 2553 | Computer 80
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Low b-value diffusion weighted imaging to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid dynamics |
1Radiology, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, 2Siemens Japan K.K., Tokyo, Japan |
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We evaluated the signal intensity of the CSF on low b-value (b=500 s/mm2) diffusion weighted images (DWI) in cases with ventricular dilatation versus controls by a scoring method. Although low b-value DWI cannot quantify the absolute flow speed, it may be possible to evaluate the distribution of altered CSF dynamics within the cranium in the cases of ventricular dilatation. We also evaluated the characteristic signal void findings adjacent to the septum pellucidum in the cases with ventricular dilatation, which was speculated to be due to a standing wave in a thinned septum pellucidum. |
| 2554 | Computer 81
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Automated CSF Detection for Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus in Preterm Infants Using 3D U-Net |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Fetal Medicine, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States |
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Post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus is a prevalent and severe neurological complication in very premature infants. Converging evidence suggests that increased ventricular size is an important and potentially modifiable risk factor for adverse neurological outcomes. MRI measures of CSF volume often rely on manual measurements to quantify ventricular size because automatic neonatal brain segmentation methods often fail in the setting of severe brain injury. In this pilot study, we proposed and validated a deep convolutional neural network method, 3D U-Net, to automatically identify the lateral ventricular system and the external cerebrospinal fluid regions. The proposed method showed superior accuracy in a preliminary cohort of 19 scans of very preterm infants compared to a conventional method. |
| 2555 | Computer 82
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Assessment of Hemodynamic and Hydrodynamic alternations in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension by using MR-based Intracranial Pressure Method |
1Department of Radiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Education, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Sciences and Technology, Taichung City, Taiwan, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hung Kuang University, Taichung City, Taiwan |
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Epidural venous dilatation is commonly seen in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension, and its presence often indicates a distinctly altered cerebrospinal hemodynamic/CSF dynamic. With the MR-ICP technique, significant statistical differences were found in various hemodynamic and CSF dynamic parameters. The result suggests that EVD is a representative feature of hemodynamic/CSF-dynamic change in SIH, and also highlights the potential of MR-ICP as a reliable method of assessment for SIH. |
| 2556 | Computer 83
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MRI assessment of glymphatic function in the non-human primate brain |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States, 3Surgery, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 5Anesthesiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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The astrocyte mediated exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid comprise the glymphatic system, a physiology that facilitates waste removal in the brain parenchyma. Impaired solute and waste clearance may contribute to neurodegenerative conditions, and may also be associated with age. Here, we present preliminary measurements of glymphatic function in healthy adult and aged rhesus macaque brain via intrathecal injection and DCE-MRI. We demonstrate that kinetics of GBCA distribution in the CNS occur on timescales amenable to study using DCE-MRI techniques. Our preliminary results indicate that impairment in glymphatic physiology occurs with age in the rhesus macaque. |
| 2557 | Computer 84
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Enhanced perivascular space contrast using T1-T2 fusion and adaptive spatial filtering |
1Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neuroscience graduate program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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Imaging the perivascular space (PVS), also known as Virchow-Robin space, has shown to be of significant clinical value. Its role in glymphatic system1 and reported pathological changes of the PVS in neurological disorders2–10 highlight the need for methodological development specific to this compartment. Here we propose a fusion framework that enhances PVS contrast, allowing robust clinical rating. The Enhanced PVS Contrast (EPC) was achieved by combining T1- and T2-weighted images that were adaptively filtered to remove non-structural high frequency spatial noise. |
| 2558 | Computer 85
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Assessment of Cerebral Hemodynamics Change of Hypertension using Multi-TI Arterial Spin-Labeling |
1Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China, 2MR senior scientific marketing specialist, Siemens Healthineers, Xianyang, China |
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In our study, we evaluate the diagnostic value of mTI-ASL as a noninvasive method to detect subtle hemodynamic abnormalities in hypertension at different stage. |
| 2559 | Computer 86
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Study of the cerebral blood flow metabolism in patients with Parkinson’s disease using arterial spin labeling MRI |
1Radiology, Northen Jiangsu people's hospital, Yangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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There are still debates on the alterations of subcortical metabolism in Parkinson’s disease. We performed 3D pseudo-continuous pulse ASL on PD and control groups. The absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) values and relative CBF (rCBF) in subcortical regions were automatically extracted and calculated. We found widespread decreased absolute CBF in PD patients. However, the subcortical rCBF increased significantly. We conclude that widespread blood hypoperfusion in PD brain is absolute, and hyperperfusion in the subcortical brain regions is only relative to the whole brain level of patients themselves. |
| 2560 | Computer 87
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Using Perfusion Weighted Imaging to Aid in Drawing Prominent Veins on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology Department, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China |
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Current literature references Asymmetrically Prominent Cortical Veins as a valid marker, but identification is user dependent. We aim to quantify APCV using PWI, greatly reducing the reliance on observer input. This method is a stepping stone for automatic APCV segmentation and has the potential to play a role in establishing a reliable identifier for ischemic penumbra from SWI data. |
| 2561 | Computer 88
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Correlation between internal carotid artery flow and circle of Willis anatomy |
1Department of Radiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, 22. Department of Radiology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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Measurement of proximal cerebral inflow volume and individual cerebral angio-architecture are crucial for patient-specific analysis of hemodynamic effects of cerebrovascular disease. However, the detail of bilateral ICA flow in individuals of complete but asymmetric COW is lacking. This retrospective study included total 210 healthy adult for delineation of the relationship between detailed COW variations and bilateral ICA flow volume in healthy adults. Furthermore, the correlation of ICA diameter to ICA flow in the setting of circle of Willis variants was also proposed. |
| 2562 | Computer 89
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Perivascular spaces in healthy young subjects |
1Laboratory of Neuroimaging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Keck Hospital of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia |
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Enlargement of perivascular spaces has been associated with a number of diseases. However, morphological features of perivascular spaces in healthy subjects and their clinical role are still not completely understood. We analyzed on MRI perivascular spaces in a large sample of healthy young subjects. Our results showed a high inter-subjects variability of perivascular spaces. Twins presented similar amount of perivascular spaces. Perivascular spaces in basal ganglia were significantly correlated with subjects’ height, brain volume, and brainstem volume. These findings are relevant for all future studies investigating the role of perivascular spaces. |
| 2563 | Computer 90
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Computational assessment of enlarged perivascular spaces on brain magnetic resonance images in Vascular Dementia patients. |
1Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Xi’an AccuRad Network and technology Co. Ltd, Xi'an, China, 4Department of neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an, China, Xi'an, China |
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Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) are common in Vascular Dementia (VaD) patients, associated with aging, inflammation, etc. Many studies address EPVS as it is related to count and volume but very few on the density using 3T MRI. Our aim in this study is to describe an effective and user-friendly computational method to aid in the perivascular spaces segmentation to yield EPVS count, volume and density in VaD patients. EPVS count, volume and density are significantly greater than in the control group (P<0.05). The results suggest that computational assessment of EPVS can further aid in an early diagnostic of VaD. |
| 2564 | Computer 91
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Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Imaging Reveals Region-Specific Blood-Brain Barrier Damage in Bipolar Depression |
1Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada, 3Ben-Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel |
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This study addresses the need for mechanism-based understanding and diagnosis of bipolar depression. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI we identified extensive blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage in 28% of bipolar patients (and zero controls). All bipolar patients with extensive BBB leakage also had insulin resistance and worse metabolic, psychiatric and cognitive symptoms. We found depression to be associated with region-specific BBB leakage, with the nucleus accumbens best predicting depression severity. Our findings highlight BBB damage as a mechanism contributing to the dysfunction of depression-associated brain regions, and suggest that insulin resistance increases the risk of extensive BBB leakage. |
| 2565 | Computer 92
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Chronic anemic patients have impaired cerebral oxygen delivery using Pseudo Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling MRI |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 4Hemotology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, los angeles, CA, United States |
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We quantified and compared cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen delivery in patients with thalassemia intermedia and other chronic anemic patients and healthy controls, using arterial spin labeling MRI. Anemic patients exhibited elevated CBF globally and in grey matter (GM). While global and GM O2 delivery was preserved in anemic patients, white matter (WM) O2 delivery was 20% lower in this cohort compared to healthy controls. Age was the strongest predictor for both CBF and O2 delivery, but the mechanisms of decreased WM O2 delivery needs further study, given the inadequate neovascularization in response to chronic hypoxia and other factors. |
| 2566 | Computer 93
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Sodium T2* Heterogeneity of Cerebrospinal Fluid in Healthy Brains and Neurological Disorders |
1Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States, 2Siemens Healthineers USA, New York, NY, United States |
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The literature reports a wide variance in CSF T2* values (46-64ms). This variance may suggest T2* heterogeneity of CSF. Here we explore the possibility of CSF T2* heterogeneity among healthy and neurologically-disordered brains. |
| 2567 | Computer 94
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The influence of draining veins on apparent grey matter volume changes caused by hypercapnia |
1Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 4Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 5Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 8Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Past studies have shown that T1-weighted measures of grey matter volume (GMV) can be biased by differences in blood volume. Here, we investigate the vascular compartments associated with this bias by quantifying the spatial relationship between t-values for the apparent GMV increase observed during hypercapnia and the location of draining veins. Draining veins were identified using the VENAT atlas. Overall, the results of this analysis demonstrate that while proximity to veins is related to the presence of higher t-values (larger apparent GMV change during hypercapnia), large veins themselves are unlikely to be the main cause of this bias; suggesting that smaller veins or arteries may have a larger role in the observed bias. |
| 2568 | Computer 95
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Hyperoxia Challenge in Healthy and Anemic Subjects using BOLD MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2CIBORG lab, Division of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This study explores the brain’s response to 100% oxygen inhalation in anemic subjects using BOLD MRI. Hyperoxic challenge has previously been used to identify brain regions with increased oxygen extraction fraction from inadequate perfusion. After controlling for changes in peripheral oxygen saturation, hyperoxic BOLD response was not significantly different between sickle cell disease patients, non-sickle anemic patients and healthy controls. Therefore, our results suggest that chronically anemic patients do not have increased oxygen extraction fraction from inadequate resting oxygen delivery under resting conditions. |
| 2569 | Computer 96
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Imaging Cerebellum Venous Oxygenation: a T2-based approach |
1Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States, 2Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cerebellum has been used for normalization in fMRI and blood flow studies, and yet little for its oxygen metabolism. This abstract aims to explore T2-Relaxation-Under-Phase-Contrast (TRUPC) MRI to reliably image cerebellar venous oxygenation. We try to explore the regional small vein Yv and it adjacent sinus signals. |
| 2570 | Computer 97
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Extracranial space in healthy infants: an age-related study based on MRI anatomical images |
1Baoji Center Hospital, baoji, China, 2Baoji Center Hospital, Baoji, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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To date, there is no consensus exists on diagnostic criteria for pathological external hydrocephalus in infants and young children. In this study, extracerebral space of 212 healthy subjects were measured on different anatomical slices and their age correlation were analyzed. The results demonstrated that extra cerebral space measured both on axial and coronal plane features similar age-related change. The results of this study may be a valuable reference in diagnosis of external hydrocephalus. |
| 2571 | Computer 98
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Quantitative Measurement of Glymphatic Flow in Man with Contrast-Enhanced MRI |
1Radiology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, United States, 2Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States, 4Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 5Department Radiology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States |
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Impairment in glial lymphatic "glymphatic" flow is hypothesized to be an etiologic factor in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We report a quantitative study of glymphatic flow in man, combining intrathecal administration of gadobutrol (macrocylic gadolinium-based contrast agent) with serial T1-mapping to produce contrast concentration maps up to 3 days post-injection. This demonstrates proof-of-concept feasibility and offers data on the pharmacokinetics of glymhatic flow. |
| 2572 | Computer 99
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Could Diffusion MRI monitor the brain glymphatic system? A proof-of-concept study using an aquaporin-4 channel inhibitor pharmacological challenge |
1NeuroSpin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Dysfunction of the Glymphatic System (GS), which clears brain tissue from waste, has been proposed as a mechanism to several brain pathologies, including the Alzheimer’s disease. GS has been investigated with preclinical imaging through the invasive intracisternal injection of Gadolinium. In this study, we have |
| 2573 | Computer 100
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Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motion imaging as a potential marker of parenchymal glymphatic flow |
1Radiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Northwest Network Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States |
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We tested the applicability of IVIM to detect increased glymphatic flow using the pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*). Using known effects of prazosin, to increase interstitial fluid volume and glymphatic flow, we showed that D* increased significantly in 6 individuals before and 9-12 weeks after prazosin. This increase was greater than conventional diffusion. It was also larger than the inter-scan variability of D*, measured in 3 individuals 10 weeks apart. |
| 2574
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Computer 101
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MRI Evidence for the Ascending Spread Hypothesis of Parkinson’s Disease |
1Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Public Health Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Ascending spread models of Parkinson’s disease neurodegeneration remain controversial despite being the dominant model of disease progression in the literature. This study conducted an in vivo evaluation of the ascending spread hypothesis for PD in early and late-stage Parkinson’s disease using measurements of regional grey matter density (GMD) obtained from T1-weighted MRI. Results of this study provide in vivo evidence that regions implicated in stages three and four of the ascending spread model are degenerating ahead of regions implicated in stages five and six. These results further support the proposed ascending pattern of pathological spread in PD. |
| 2575 | Computer 102
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Cortical thinning pattern according to the differential nigrosome involvement in patients with Parkinson’s disease |
1Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, College ofHealth and Medical Science, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Neurology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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The dopaminergic neurons within the substantia nigra pars compacta form five clusters (nigrosomes 1-5 [N1-N5]), and N1 has been considered to be the most affected, followed by N2, N4, N3, and N5 in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, N4 was defined on 3T MRI and found to be involved in late-stage PD compared to N1, suggesting sequential involvement from N1 to N4. We found wider cortical thinning in patients with N4 loss compared to those with N1 loss, similar to the cortical thinning propagation pattern seen with PD progression, which supports the sequential progression hypothesis. |
| 2576 | Computer 103
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Olfactory bulb atrophy and smell deficits in H&Y stage-1 Parkinson’s disease |
1Radiology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Neurology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States |
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The olfactory bulb (OB) is highly affected by Lewy bodies, the hallmark pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Hyposmia has been reported to occur in the majority of early-stage PD patients. We investigated whether there is olfactory bulb atrophy in early-stage PD patients. Our data demonstrated significantly reduced olfactory bulb volumes as well as lower psychophysical smell test scores in H&Y stage-1 PD patients compared to healthy controls. |
| 2577 | Computer 104
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Meta-analysis of the diagnostic effect size of neuromelanin MRI in Parkinson’s disease |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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The clinical diagnosis and monitoring of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remain challenging which prompted substantial research efforts to develop pathophysiological meaningful biomarkers. Depigmentation of the substantia nigra (SN), pars compacta, is a pathological hallmark of PD that can be detected by neuromelanin-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI). We undertook a meta-analysis on the pooled diagnostic accuracy of NM-MRI in 14 case-control studies including 755 subjects (427 PD). We show a consistent decrease of SN NM signal in PD vs controls independent of the acquisition and analysis methods with a pooled standardized mean difference of SMD=1.06, 95% CI, 0.84, 1.28, p<0.00001. In conclusion, this meta-analysis supports NM-MRI metrics as a diagnostic biomarker of PD. |
| 2578 | Computer 105
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Utility of Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping & Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in the Diagnosis of Early Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease |
1National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 2Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 3Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 4National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 5MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 6Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by dopaminergic neuronal loss and iron overload in the nigrostriatum. Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) allow quantification of alterations in tissue microstructure based on water diffusion and iron deposition respectively. Our case-control study in PD using DKI revealed greater cellular loss in the lateral SN and complex microstructural degradation in the putamen. QSM showed spatially variant iron deposition (Δχ) in the grey nuclei congruent with histochemical reports, and multivariate analysis showed that putaminal and lateral nigral Δχ significantly predicted UPDRS. Significant correlations between Δχ and DKI indices were found in the putamen. |
| 2579 | Computer 106
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Longitudinal Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow Calculated by Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Biomedical Engineering Institute, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Physiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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The aim of this study is to monitor perfusion changes over one and a half years in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI). Cerebral blood flow (CBF) maps were created for baseline and follow-up scans by fitting a kinetic curve model for each pixel of arterial spin labeling MR images. The CBF maps were registered to MNI152 brain atlas, and perfusion changes were assessed at 119 distinct brain regions. The CBF of PD-MCI patients decreased at occipital fusiform gyrus, right occipital fusiform gyrus, anterior part of left supramarginal gyrus, and anterior part of right middle temporal gyrus over time. |
| 2580 | Computer 107
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Studying the effect of medication status on resting state network metrics in Parkinson’s disease |
1Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Nottingham NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Current drug therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) offer symptom control without the capability for disease modification. Furthermore, unpredictable on/off fluctuations and dyskinesias present challenges in titrating appropriate doses. Our study aims to utilise resting state functional MRI (fMRI) to determine the effect of PD medication, as preliminary step to future work to address these limitations. |
| 2581 | Computer 108
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Prognosis of body function in Parkinson’s disease using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging |
1Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 2Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 4Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, 5Neuroscience Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 6Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 7Department of Neurology, Landseed Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan |
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, restricted mobility, and postural instability. PD has a progressive course and is associated with increased mortality, with physical disability and non-motor symptoms exerting a significant negative impact on quality of life. Robust early prediction of clinical outcomes in Parkinson’s disease would be paramount for implementing appropriate management interventions. The predictive power varied according to the clinical measures used and was highest in the prediction of UPDRS. This finding was further confirmed by using bootstrap approach and leave-one-out cross-validation analysis. |
| 2582 | Computer 109
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Analysis of changes in brain structure in patients with Parkinson's disease and their correlation with the Hoehn-Yahr stage using the MPRAGE sequence |
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Ltd., Beijing, China, 3Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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In this study, the volume changes of brain structure in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients were analyzed. We found extensive structural brain changes in PD patients, and most of these changes were correlated with the Hoehn-Yahr stage. The results showed that volume changes in some brain regions may be a potential imaging marker for early diagnosis of PD, and the MPRAGE sequence may be a suitable and quick method to provide a reference for clinicians to diagnose PD. |
| 2583 | Computer 110
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Arteriovenous Structure and Blood Flow Abnormalities in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 4Magnetic Resonance Innovation INC, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Few researchers have paid attention to the vascular supply and venous outflow in Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this work, we evaluated arterial inflow and venous outflow and looked for the presence of abnormal venous structure. We found that there was a significant correlation of reduced arterial flow with reduced internal jugular vein (IJV) flow. We also found there were a large number of PD patients with no or little flow in the left IJV compared to healthy control group. These results suggest that abnormal flow could be one factor in the development of or progression of PD in some patients. |
| 2584 | Computer 111
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Voxel-Based Meta-Analysis of Mutant α-Synuclein transgenic Marmoset using Multiparametric MRI |
1Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan, 2Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 4Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan |
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In this study, we evaluated the characteristics of the brain in a genetically modified marmoset model of Parkinson’s disease. Various contrast images were acquired using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the whole brain underwent explorative investigation with each contrast. For each image, statistical evaluation was performed using SPM. Diffusion tensor MRI showed significance differences in the thalamus, while magnetization transfer ratio images showed a significant difference in the nigral striatum. The findings suggest that the marmoset is useful as a model animal to study human diseases. |
| 2585 | Computer 112
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Differentiating Parkinson’s disease patients from healthy controls through high iron content deposition in the substantia nigra |
1Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, shanghai, China, 3Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 4Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China |
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In this work, 25 Parkinson’s disease patients and 24 healthy controls (HC) were scanned in order to quantify brain iron content in eight major deep gray matter structures. In addition to comparing global iron deposition, a novel threshold-based method was used to assess regional high iron (RII) in these nuclei. Among all the structures, the substantia nigra (SN) was the only one showing significantly higher iron content in PD patients compared to that of the HC cohort with the regional analysis revealing more prominent results. There are two populations of PD patients, those that do not change iron content in SN and those that do. For the abnormally high SN iron content group, there was a significantly higher UPDRS-III than the group showing normal iron content. |
| 2586 | Computer 113
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Classification of Parkinson’s disease based on multi-parametric data derived from MR Fingerprinting measurements |
1Philips Research Europe, Hamburg, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 3Institute for Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 5German Centre for neurodegenerative disease research (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 6Philips Healthcare, Bonn, Germany |
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We investigated the potential of multi-parametric MR Fingerprinting measurements for the classification of Parkinson’s disease. For each measured quantity (T1, T2, proton density) and each segmented brain region, several statistical parameters were determined and used to train a Random Forest classification algorithm. An AUC of 0.92 was achieved for distinguishing Parkinson patients from healthy control subjects. |
| 2587 | Computer 114
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Free-Water Imaging Improves the Evaluation of White and Gray-Matter in Early Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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We applied bi-tensor diffusion model to evaluate the microstructural changes of white (WM) and gray matter (GM) in patients with early Parkinson’s disease (PDs). Our results demonstrated that the bi-tensor diffusion model could be used to disentangle neuroinflammation and axonal degeneration in early PDs with more precise estimations of localized microstructural changes compared to the single-tensor model. Our findings also suggest that microstructural changes in early PD may be preceded by neuroinflammation and followed by axonal degeneration, with WM changes preceding GM changes. Finally, the bi-tensor model also enabled to show possible compensatory mechanisms in PD occurring in the cerebellum. |
| 2588 | Computer 115
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Linked alterations in microstructural morphology of white matter in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Parkville, Australia, 3Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 6Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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To identify relationships between Parkinson’s disease (PD) severity and microstructural changes in white matter (WM), we applied a multimodal data-fusion method known as linked independent component analysis (LICA) to a set of diffusion magnetic resonance (MR) and myelin-sensitive imaging data. LICA explained data variance with high sensitivity to PD severity, revealing widespread coordinated decreases in intracellular volume fraction, fractional anisotropy, and myelin volume fraction with increases in radial diffusivity. Our results show coordinated microstructural alterations in WM with disease severity and PD progression. |
| 2589 | Computer 116
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Atlas based Diffusion Abnormalities in Substantia Nigra in Parkinson's Disease |
1Symbiosis Centre for Medical Image Analysis, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India, 2Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India, 33Department of Clinical Neurosciences, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Pune, India, 44Department of Neuroimaging & Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India |
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by neuronal loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). This study aims to gain deeper insights into the abnormalities in SN by evaluating the diffusion metrics of the SN in a large cohort of patients with PD. To precisely delineate the SN, neuromelanin sensitive MRI images were obtained from a set of healthy controls and were used to create a probabilistic atlas of the SN. Using this atlas, we observed significantly higher radial and mean diffusivity of bilateral SN in patients with PD suggesting microstructural abnormalities that could potentially serve as bio-markers for PD. |
| 2590 | Computer 117
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Acupuncture Relieve Pain in Parkinson’s Disease Through Modulating Pain Matrix |
1Medical Imaging and Radiology Science, Chang Gung University, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 2Department of acupuncture, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 3Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan, 4Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, TaoYuan, Taiwan |
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Patients with Parkinson’s Disease may suffer from different pain for years, including aching and burning from muscles, skeleton, or even throughout their body. In the current study, we provide that acupuncture could relieve such specific pain in PD patients through modulating regions related to the pain matrix in brain, especially correlated with primary somatosensory cortex and middle temporal pole. This could be an effective and safe analgesic tool that would relieve patients’ suffering. |
| 2591 | Computer 118
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Analysis of Structural Connectivity using Certain Nuclei as Seeds in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Neuromodulation Center, Tsinghua University YuQuan Hospital, Beijing, China, 4School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we aim to evaluate the relationships between fiber connectivity starting from specific nucleus regions to the whole brain and the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)-III scores in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that the structural connectivity to the whole brain starting from bilateral internal global pallidus and caudate nucleus has significant negative correlations with the UPDRS-III scores. In the contrary, no significant correlations was found for the network starting from the putamen and external global pallidus. The strong negative correlation implies that these specific nuclei may play significant roles in the severity of Parkinson's disease. This finding is of great importance for further clinical research. |
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Temporal Atrophy Predicts the Deterioration of Cognition in Multiple Domains: a Longitudinal Clinical Study in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, HangZhou, China |
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To specify the critical structural alterations of cognitive deterioration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and explored the underlying mechanism of structural changes. We combined cross-sectional and longitudinal VBM analyses to explore the structural topologies between PD patient who convert to mild cognitive impairment (PD converter). The relationships between dopamine transporter (DAT), CSF proteins and structural alterations were assessed. PD converters showed progressive temporal atrophy associated with multiple cognitive domains. DAT results were significantly associated with temporal atrophy. In conclusion, temporal lobe is a crucial node in modulating cognitive status in multi-domains. Dopamine deficiency may contribute to cognition-related temporal atrophy. |
| 2593 | Computer 120
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Functional Brain Connectome and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Early Stage Parkinson Disease |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 3Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital & the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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To use graph theory approaches and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore the brain functional network in patients with early stage Parkinson's disease (PD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The whole-brain functional network was constructed by thresholding the Pearson correlation matrices of 90 brain regions. The results showed a less small-worldization characterized by decreased global integration and decreased local segregation in PD patients relative to healthy controls (HC). On the basis of these between-group difference in global and nodal properties, PD patients with MCI showed the lowest properties values, followed by PD patients with normal cognition and HC. |
| 2594 | Computer 121
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Altered cerebellar functional connectivity in Parkinson’s disease |
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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Parkinson’s disease is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by asymmetrical onset of motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. Mounting evidence suggests that the cerebellum plays a major role in the pathophysiology of PD. Prior imaging studies have found altered cerebellar activation during motor execution and motor learning, suggesting that altered activation in the cerebellum may reflect Parkinsonian-related impairment. Here, we use resting-state function MRI (fMRI) to ascertain connectivity changes in the cerebellum from Parkinson's disease found reduced connectivity in lobule V of the cerebellum as well as reduced connectivity between dentate nucleus and the cerebellar cortex. |
| 2595 | Computer 122
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Disruption of cortical-basal ganglia motor network affects cognitive function in Parkinson’s disease: a high angular resolution diffusion imaging study |
1Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Harbin Institute of Technology at Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China |
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Whether clinical phenotype in Parkinson's disease (PD) is affected by cortical-basal ganglia motor circuit (CBG) dysfunction remains to be investigated. In this study, we utilized a high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) technique to investigate association between white matter structural connectivity within CBG and cognitive function related to PD. We found that the structural connectivity between the M1 cortical area and other regions within the CBG circuit decreased for those PD patients with severe cognitive symptoms, indicating that the less effective information processing between cortical and subcortical regions in CBG network could lead to cognitive deficits in PD patients. |
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Influence of Analytic Techniques on Comparing Diffusion Derived Measurements in Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Using a well-characterized multi-site diffusion MRI ( |
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Towards identification of neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychological scores in Parkinson’s disease patients, with and without, memory impairment |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 3University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurology and Neurosciences Stanford Movement Disorders Center (SMDC), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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With a well-characterized dataset of Parkinson’s disease (PD) participants, with and without memory impairment, this study shows that there is a distinct structural network organization between PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and without MCI(PD-nMCI). This study further shows that while there are no discernible differences in scalar diffusion-MRI derived measures, fractional anisotropy in PD-nMCI is negatively associated with trail making test-A. Our study demonstrates the feasibility towards identifying neuroanatomical correlates of neuropsychological scores that will not only aid in our understanding of the underlying neural correlates of cognitive impairment in PD, as well as differentiating PD-MCI and PD-nMCI in an objective and reproducible manner. |
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Altered Claustral Functional Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. |
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Studies have shown α-synuclein pathology in the claustrum of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and its correlation with the onset of cognitive dysfunction in PD. In this study we use resting state fMRI to examine claustral functional connectivity network changes in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment. Our results show increased claustral-cortical connectivity in the PD-MCI group, which may indicate additional effort is required in the PD-MCI group to maintain network integration. The increased load of claustrum is somewhat mitigated by medication in PD patients with cognitive impairment. |
| 2599 | Computer 126
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Investigation of brain plasticity during prolonged Braille learning in sighted subjects: a longitudinal diffusion MRI (dMRI) study |
1Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, 2Department of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland, 3Laboratory of Psychophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland |
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Diffusion MRI can be used to evaluate the brain plasticity processes that occur during new skills acquisition. Commonly, one of the tasks used to investigate neuroplasticity of both blind and sighted subjects is Braille reading. In this work, we analyze DTI metrics based on |
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Increased Intracortical R1 in the Motor Cortex of Exercising Older Adults |
1Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada, 3Brain Imaging Center Frankfurt/M., Frankfurt, Germany, 4Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, 5Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 6Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 7Institute of General Practice, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany, 8Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 9Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada |
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Exercise is known to be beneficial for brain health and performance; however, it is not known if changes in cortical microstructure underlie this effect. To investigate this, R1 maps acquired on cognitively healthy older adults (n=24, 65-90 years old) were analyzed before and after a 12-week exercise intervention. R1 prolongation indicating increased myelin levels were significant in the right (p=0.033) and trending in the left (p=0.052) leg motor regions with respect to a control group (n=22). ΔR1 correlated with aerobic cycling performance improvements (left: p=0.012, right: p=0.011). This study demonstrates that exercise promotes myelination in cortical motor regions. |
| 2601 | Computer 128
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Investigating premanifest synucleinopathy: structural connectome of brainstem nuclei in REM sleep behavior disorder |
1Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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REM-sleep-behavior-disorder (RBD) is characterized by the absence of muscle-atonia during REM-sleep. RBD is strongly associated with presymptomatic-manifestations of neurodegenerative-synucleinopathies. Thus, it allows the investigation of early/premanifest neurodegenerative-stages when treatment can be most effective in delaying the development of full-blown-disease. Changes in brainstem-nuclei-connectivity are expected in RBD/premanifest-synucleinopathy based on animal- and ex-vivo-human-studies. Yet, their investigation in living-humans is understudied. Through high-spatial-resolution 7Tesla-MRI and a recently-developed probabilistic-brainstem-nuclei-atlas, we built a brainstem-based structural-connectome in living RBD-patients and age-matched controls. Interestingly, in RBD-patients we detected structural-connectivity-changes within the brainstem, with the striatum and cerebellum in line with the pathophysiology of RBD in animal-models. |
| 2602 | Computer 129
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Changes in GABA associated with a sham-controlled transcranial direct current stimulation language intervention for primary progressive aphasia. |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Children’s Hospital Research Institute and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 6Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Primary Progressive Aphasia is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting language. We applied GABA-edited MRS to examine GABA changes with anodal tDCS to augment language-therapy for patients with PPA. With tDCS targeting the left inferior frontal gyus, we see a decrease in IFG GABA following the intervention. No changes were observed in the sham group. While all patients showed improvements with language therapy, those receiving tDCS showed greater improvements that were maintained at 2 months follow-up. This work supports the use of tDCS to augment language therapy in PPA. |
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Computer 130
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Structural MRI abnormalities and the immune system are correlated with neuroinflammation in Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a retrospective study on a large and well-defined patient cohort. |
1Department of Radiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, UMCU, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Department of Rheumatology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands |
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Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NP-SLE) is associated with cerebral abnormalities, but their relation to the inflammatory and ischemic clinical phenotypes is unknown. We performed a retrospective structural brain study within a large, clinically well-defined patient cohort of NP-SLE patients (inflammatory and ischemic) and non-NP-SLE patients. Patients with inflammatory, but not ischemic, NP-SLE showed lower grey matter and white matter volumes, and higher White Matter Hyperintensity volumes compared to non-NP-SLE patients. Brain abnormalities were also associated with the complement system. In conclusion, only inflammatory NP-SLE showed more severe structural brain abnormalities, and these were associated with a specific complement component. |
| 2604 | Computer 131
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Elucidating the influence of healthy aging on white matter microstructure: A comparison of different diffusion MRI models |
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Joint Department of BioMedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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To understand microstructural changes associated with healthy aging, multi-shell diffusion-weighted images were acquired in a group of 71 cognitively normal volunteers (31-young, 40-old). Signal representation and tissue specific models were used to assess relationship between age and WM microstructural changes. TBSS was performed for group-comparison. Results showed that FA and NODDI-based indices exhibited highest degree of sensitivity with overlap in much wider regions. The results also showed regional differences among FA and ODI. The influence of DKI was more regionalized and complemented by FA. The study demonstrated the sensitivity of higher-order models to the age-related changes in tissue microstructure. |
| 2605 | Computer 132
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MRI Detection of Amyloid Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIA) in a Non-Human Primate Model of Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiography at 7-Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, Bernard & Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging & Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation & Research (CAI2R), New York, NY, United States, 2Preclinical Imaging Laboratory, Division of Advanced Research Technologies NYU Langone Health & NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 4The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Here we describe a non-invasive brain imaging method studying the pathogenesis and long-term effects of ARIA (amyloid-related imaging abnormalities) in an aged squirrel monkey (Saimiri Boliviensis), a non-human primate model of naturally occurring cerebral amyloid angiopathy. We investigated both ARIA-E, characterized by vasogenic edema, and ARIA-H, characterized by MRI evidence of hemosiderin deposits as potential biomarkers to use in a MRI methodology to monitor newly developed AD treatments. |
| 2606 | Computer 133
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Dynamics of white matter tract covariance across lifespan assessed with diffusion spectrum imaging |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Acroviz Technology, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 5Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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In this study, we calculated tract covariance to describe the phenomenon of white matter differentiation and de-differentiation across lifespan, using diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) and whole brain tract-based automatic analysis (TBAA) techniques. Differentiation was found to be highest in the 2nd decade and de-differentiation started to emerge at 3rd decade and peaked at 6th decade. |
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Investigation of hypoxia after brain injury using a hypoxia-binding T1 contrast agent GdDO3NI |
1School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States |
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In this study we have used the hypoxia-targeted MR contrast agent GdDO3NI, (a nitroimidazole-based T1 MRI contrast agent) to image the development of hypoxia in the rodent brain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Our results indicate a statistically significant ~ 50% signal enhancement over baseline in the injury region using GdDO3NI compared to baseline values (~ 0%) observed with non-specific Gadoteridol (as control) at 3hours post injection. This study further demonstrates the utility of GdDO3NI in imaging tissue hypoxia and applicability to traumatic brain injury. |
| 2608 | Computer 135
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Pituitary R2 values at 3T to assess risk of iron-mediated hypogonadal hypogonadism. |
1Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pediatrics and Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Pituitary R2 at 1.5 Tesla has been validated as a sensitive marker of pituitary siderosis and risk of clinical hypogonadism. We cross-validated pituitary R2 measurements at 3T and 1.5T in 26 patients with iron overload syndromes. Pituitary R2 scaled linearly across field strength with a relative enhancement of 42%, consistent with previous liver R2 cross-field validations. When 3T pituitary values were transformed into equivalent 1.5T R2 values, the resulting Z-score estimates were unbiased with native 1.5T R2 estimates. Thus it is not necessary to acquire normative R2 data at 3 Tesla in order to interpret 3T pituitary R2 values. |
| 2609 | Computer 136
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Thalamus in chronic low back pain: vertex-based morphometry and connectivity-based thalamic white-matter studies |
1Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, United States |
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Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is now considered a central nervous system disease. Thalamus is a key relay station for processing and transmission of nociceptive information to the cerebral cortex. We used vertex-based morphometry and connectivity-based diffusion tractography to test the hypothesis that the CLBP is associated with altered thalamic shape and altered white matter integrity of the thalamic projections to cortical regions in frontal and parietal lobes. Compare to controls, CLBP exhibited significant surface depression in left thalamus and lower fractional anisotropy in left thalamic projections to the posterior parietal cortex. This may represent a degenerative pain-related process. |
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HIV alters brain activation during semantic memory processing demands |
1University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, World Hearing Center, Kajetany, Nadarzyn, Poland, 4The Central Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Warsaw, Poland, 5Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland, 6The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland, 7The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 8The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Memory and executive dysfunctions burden HIV patients even in the highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) era. The neurobiological correlates of these cognitive symptoms remain unclear limiting development of targeted treatment options. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a promising route to estimate neural signature of HIV-related neurocognitive decline. We examined brain activity in HIV+/HAART+ vs. healthy individuals during execution of semantic memory task. Results show that famous names induce lower activation in left caudate, right thalamus and left middle occipital gyrus in HIV+ vs. healthy group, despite lack of behavioral differences. Such hypoactivation suggests brain functional reorganization in HIV+/HAART+ patients. |
| 2611 | Computer 138
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A Method for Evaluating Whole Brain Health of the Aging Brain: Assessment of Multiple MRI Detectable Brain Changes using the Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) |
1Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada, 2Faculty of Applied Science, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada, 3ImageTech Laboratory, Surrey Memorial Hospital, Fraser Health Authority, Surrey, BC, Canada |
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As our population ages, there is a need for better methods of assessing neurodegeneration. However, current methods are based on a diagnostic model and assess changes in isolation, failing to account for the interconnected nature of the brain and the heterogeneity of the aging process. To address this, we introduced the Brain Atrophy and Lesion Index (BALI) an MRI based tool for the assessment of structural neurodegeneration across the whole brain. Here, we compare results from eight datasets to which BALI was applied (n=3295), and present a literature review to understand consensus regarding the brain changes assessed by the BALI. |
| 2612 | Computer 139
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Plastic Changes of the Language-related Brain Regions for Children with Non-syndrome Cleft of Lip with or without Palate (NSCL/P) |
1Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, beijing, China, 3Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 4Beijing Normal University, beijing, China |
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Using multimode MRI technique, this study attempt to find structural and functional alterations of brain regions for children with non-syndrome cleft of lip with or without palate (NSCL/P). Compared with control group, both structural and functional changes were detected in distributed cortical regions for NSCL/P group, which mainly located on the dorsal stream of language pathways. Besides, significant correlations were found between ALFF values and Chinese language clear degree scales for NSCL/P children. |
| 2613 | Computer 140
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A multiparametric study of prion disease |
1Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 2Brain repair and rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 3University of Cardiff, Brain research imaging centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Neurodegenerative diseases, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 5MRC prion unit, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 6Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College of London, London, United Kingdom, 7MRC Prion unit, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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In this work, we hypothesize that the metabolic changes occurring in the brain of prion-infected mice due to conformational changes of prion protein can be mapped using CEST MRI following previous in vivo work. Our previous findings include reduced Nuclear Overhauser Effect mediated by exchange-relayed signals in thalamus and cortex of prion-infected mice possibly related to up normal prion protein folding. Here we extend our studies by including a rich multipower acquisition scheme for targeting exchange processes falling at different regimes. For understanding the origin of CEST signal alternations T1, T2, and MT maps are included as well as histological findings. |
| 2614 | Computer 141
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MR neuroimaging and pons proton spectroscopy in type 1 narcolepsy |
1Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Functional MR Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 3IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 4Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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Narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) is a rare and life-long disease, characterized by central hypersomnia and cataplexy typically triggered by emotions. NT1 is linked to a selective loss of hypothalamic hypocretin neurons. To characterise neurodegeneration, we combined pons 1H-MRS and whole brain structural analysis in a large and homogenous sample of adult NT1 patients. 1H-MRS showed evidence of pontine neuronal dysfunction, consistent with its key role in REM sleep regulation. Grey matter loss was detected in brain regions implicated in the disease pathophysiology, including frontal-prefrontal cortices, putamen nuclei, thalami, hypothalamus, amygdalae, cerebellum, and widespread subtle tissue microstructural alterations were also found. |
| 2615 | Computer 142
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Ex-vivo MR investigation of microstructures in globus pallidus in QSM: a histological validation study |
1Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Linear paramagnetic structures were frequently seen in globus pallidus (GP), and interesting calcific densities are overlapping on these paramagnetic structures. This study aimed to explore the microstructural findings of GP using ex-vivo MRI scan and histologic validation. We found that the source of paramagnetism were mineral deposition of perforating vessels in GP. Those mineral depositions were paramagnetic on MR images, and calcific density on CT scan. Histologic study showed simultaneous deposition of iron and calcium along the arterial wall. High resolution MRI might have potential to demonstrate vascular degeneration and mineral deposition, which might be associated with aging and metabolic brain diseases. |
| 2616 | Computer 143
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The change of cerebral cortex in children with Tourette syndrome |
1Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing, China, 2China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, Beijing, China |
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Tourette syndrome (TS) is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder and is characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics. To understand the developmental cause of such changes, we investigated microstructural changes of cortical thickness , cortical sulcus, cortical curvature, and LGI in TS children by using sagittal three-dimensional T1-weighted image (3DT1WI) Magnetization. The TS children had the significant differences in cortical thickness, cortical sulcus, cortical curvature, and LGI compared with controls. |
| 2617 | Computer 144
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Altered cortical thickness relevance in the early blind, late blind during the critical developmental time |
1Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Rajendra Prasad Centre of Opthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Visual impairment induces |
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Gradient profiles of myelin and microstructure metrics across the developing brain |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Australia, 3Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia, 4University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada |
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Myelinogenesis follows a protracted sequence, with distinct pathways being myelinated at various times throughout development. To test this with MRI, we used magnetization transfer and diffusion metrics with tractography to investigate along-tract profiles of myelin and microstructure metrics in children and adolescents. Profiles demonstrated sensitivity to along-tract metrics, with midline regions having increased myelin and restricted diffusion indices indicative of maturation. |
| 2619 | Computer 146
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Altered brain structure associated with cognitive changes of end-stage renal disease patients without dialysis and with maintenance hemodialysis |
1Medical Imaging department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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The theory of kidney-brain axis has provided more information for the interpretation of brain damage in ESRD patients. However, the factor of dialysis was ignored in this theoretical system. We analyzed the cortical structural changes and cognitive changes from different dimensions and also analyzed their relationship in ESRD patients with and without hemodialysis. We found that both the patients with dialysis and the patients without dialysis showed decreased cortical thickness when compared with healthy people, while the patients without dialysis presented with a more extensive decreased cortical thickness when compared with patients with maintenance hemodialysis. The brain structural changes were correlated with the cognitive changes. Our results suggested that the hemodialysis might be a protective factor for the brain, but the protective effect of hemodialysis was limited. |
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Chemotherapy-induced gray matter abnormalities in cancer survivals: a voxel-wise neuroimaging meta-analysis. |
1Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The present meta-analysis investigated the grey matter abnormalities in non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy using Anisotropic Effect Size Signed Differential Mapping (AES-SDM) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guides. Compared with controls, the non-CNS cancer survivals treated with chemotherapy exhibit widespread grey matter abnormalities in brain, especially in prefrontal-temporal pathway, which was significantly affected by the time length since chemotherapy. This pattern of grey matter volume changes might improve our understanding of the pathophysiological nature of chemotherapy related cognitive dysfunctions. |
| 2621 | Computer 148
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Quantitative R2 mapping reveals information of myelin content in rat brain at 7T |
1Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 5Research Center of Translational Imaging, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 6Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 7Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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Information of myelin content can reflect the microstructural difference between brain white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM), and particularly facilitating in detection of WM abnormalities during disease progression. This study aims to optimize a quantitative R2 mapping method of rat brain at 7T MRI and to evaluate the relationship between the measured R2 values and myelin content in discrepant brain tissues. Our findings demonstrated that quantitative R2 measurements could be an alternative to provide information of myelin content in rat brain at 7T, which may have potential to assess microstructural changes of brain WM and GM in demyelinating diseases. |
| 2622 | Computer 149
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White Matter Tract Abnormalities are Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in CADASIL |
1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, 2Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China |
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This study was to investigate the white matter microstructural abnormalities and the relationship between white matter alterations and cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Patients with CADASIL showed significant extensive reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA), and increases in axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD) compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, these white matter microstructural alterations were significantly correlated with Cognitive scores, and Stroke scale scores. It indicated that damage of white matter play an important role in cognition impairment in CADASIL |
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Preoperative brain MRI features and postoperative delirium |
1Department of Intensive Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany |
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Postoperative delirium is associated with impaired cognitive outcome, longer hospital stay and an increased risk of dementia. To date, the pathophysiology of delirium remains largely unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of preoperative brain MRI features and the occurrence of postoperative delirium in a large group of older patients. We measured preoperative brain volumes, white matter hyperintensity shape, cerebral infarcts and cerebral perfusion. Preoperative cortical brain infarct volume was associated with postoperative delirium. Other preoperative brain MRI features were not significantly associated with postoperative delirium. Patients with a larger burden of cortical infarcts may have a decreased brain reserve, increasing the risk of postoperative delirium. |
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Development of a Standardized Normative Pediatric Spinal Cord structural template: Demonstration of an automatic estimation of Spinal Cord Cross Sectional Area measurements (SCCSA). |
1Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Radiology, Thomas Jeffesron University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 5Neurosurgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 7Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 8Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 9School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Template-based analysis of MRI data of the spinal cord lay the foundation for standardization and reproducibility , improves patient diagnosis and helps the discovery of new biomarkers of spinal-related diseases. |
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Automated MP2RAGE-based Brain Volumetry for Pediatric Patients: A Clinical Usability Study |
1Pediatric Radiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, France, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Pediatric Radiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, Switzerland, 5Neuroradiology, CHRU of Tours, Tours, France |
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Antenatal and mostly post-natal periods are crucial for brain development, characterized by volume increase, brain maturation, neuronal proliferation, neural migration, and myelination. Head circumference is a reliable clinical assessment of brain volume, correlated with neurodevelopmental outcomes (psychomotor and cognitive development). Particularly in young children, it is a fast and inexpensive tool for brain growth follow-up. Complementarily, brain MRI is becoming more frequently used as a first-line examination for suspected brain development abnormality. In this work, we evaluate the potential of an automated MP2RAGE-based brain volumetry method to objectively support radiologists to better assess brain physiological and pathological cerebral growth. |
| 2626 | Computer 153
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Sex differences in structural variability of brain regions in development and young adults |
1CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Increased variability of brain metrics is suggested to relate to increased vulnerability for psychiatric disorders. Here we investigate sex differences in variability of brain structure (global and subcortical volume, regional cortical thickness and surface area) in young adults (n=1,032, 22-35 years, Human Connectome Project [HCP]) and through development (n=1,347, 8-21 years, Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort [PNC]). Both volume and surface area were observed to be generally more variable in males compared to females in both development and adulthood. This increased variability may relate to the elevated vulnerability for psychiatric disorders seen in males compared to females. |
| 2627 | Computer 154
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Brain Microstructure Changes in Healthy Aging Revealed by Quantitative Multi-parametric MRI |
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Joint Department of BioMedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study aims to reveal the alterations of biologically relevant measurements in healthy aging using multi-parametric quantitative MRI. Multi-parametric quantitative MRI scans of the whole brain were performed in 20 healthy elderly and 21 young adults. Whole-brain voxel-wise analysis showed increased quantitative T1 value in the right hippocampus and right insula, and widespread increases in the subcortical and cortical area of R2*, suggesting microstructural alteration associated with healthy aging in these regions. Quantitative multi-parametric measurements might provide sensitive neuroimaging biomarkers for the microstructure changes during normal aging and related neurodegeneration diseases. |
| 2628 | Computer 155
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Development and evaluation of a 0.5mm isotropic resolution structural template of the older adult brain |
1Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Human brain structural MRI templates with low spatial resolution lack important fine details due to partial volume effects. The purpose of this work was twofold: a) to introduce a novel approach for high-resolution template construction based on principles of super-resolution, and b) using this technique, to develop a high-resolution structural template of the older adult brain based on MRI data from 222 non-demented older adults. |
| 2629 | Computer 156
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Longitudinal tensor-based morphometry in healthy aging |
1Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2NIBIB, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Previous studies of healthy elderly populations combined a longitudinal design with tensor-based morphometry (TBM) and found significant gray matter (GM) atrophy over short time periods. We examined a separate healthy elderly population using a different method to determine if previous results are biologically driven, and investigated the relationship between GM and cognition. We also detected significant GM atrophy, but did not find a link between GM, age, and cognition. Our longitudinal TBM approach is sensitive to subtle, short-term GM changes, but further investigation is necessary to examine the effect of different methodological approaches on the relationship between GM and cognition. |
| 2630 | Computer 157
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A knowledge-based linear registration for brain MRI morphology |
1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Linear registration is an essential first step for image registration. However, linear registration often fails when the brain shapes, locations, orientations of the target and template images are severely different. To solve this problem, we proposed a knowledge-based approach, in which a large number of MR images were prepared as intermediate images, which were semi-automatically registered to the template a priori to ensure accurate registration. A new target image was first registered to all intermediate images and best intermediate image was selected based on a goodness-of-fit metric. The final transformation was then calculated by combining the pre-determined intermediate-to-target transformation. |
| 2631 | Computer 158
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Evaluating lifespan tissue structure: Comparing CSD signal fraction and VBM grey matter density |
1Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Constrained spherical deconvolution (CSD), a recently developed diffusion MRI analysis technique, can be used to obtain whole-brain signal fractions from grey-matter-like, white-matter-like, and CSF-like tissue. This study evaluates the CSF compartment present in grey matter (GM-CSF) over the lifespan, and compares it to grey matter density (GMD), obtained through Voxel Based Morphometry. Results of this study reveal a complimentary relationship between GM-CSF and GMD across the lifespan, but not amongst a younger cohort. Results suggest further research is necessary to understand differences between these techniques, and how they may relate to tissue structure. |
| 2632 | Computer 159
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Characterizing age-related microstructural changes in locus coeruleus and substantia nigra |
1Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 2Department of Psychology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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Characterization of age-related alterations in composition and morphology of locus coeruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta will aid in the development of new biomarkers and may provide insight in the development of novel interventions to arrest progression of Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease. Imaging these structures with diffusion-weighted images is difficult due to their small stature (locus coeruleus is 1.5 mm in diameter and 15 mm long) and location in the brain stem. In this abstract, we utilize a high resolution diffusion-weighted protocol to examine age-related microstructural changes in locus coeruleus and substantia nigra pars compacta. |
| 2633 | Computer 160
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Microstructural Changes in Human Substantia Nigra with Aging as Revealed by Non-Gaussian Diffusion MRI |
1Center for MR Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Aging is considered a major factor in the development of neurodegenerative disease. The aging process can result in brain tissue microstructural alterations, particularly in regions relevant to neurodegeneration, such as the substantia nigra (SN). In this study, we employed a non-Gaussian diffusion model – the continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) model – together with a high-resolution diffusion acquisition technique to investigate the possible microstructural changes in the SN in normal aging. Two CTRW model parameters have exhibited significant differences in the SN between young and elderly healthy human subjects. |
| 2634 | Computer 161
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The visualization of the morphology change within depigmented substantia nigra using high field postmortem MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Anatomy, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Forensic Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea, Republic of |
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The purpose of this study was to determine the alteration of the morphology in the substantia nigra using MRI with histopathological validation for the patients of atypical Parkinsonism. MR experiments for formalin fixed autopsied brains were operated using a 7T imaging system. Specific visualization of ferric iron and neuromelanin from MR relaxometry was used to identify the neuromelanin distribution within the normal brain and the brain of Perry syndrome. The loss of neuromelanin pigment within the substantia nigra of Perry syndrome was consistently confirmed both from MR relaxometry and from the directly captured picture during the cryo-section. |
| 2635 | Computer 162
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Simultaneous imaging of neuromelanin and nigrosome 1 in substantia nigra using 3D multi-echo gradient echo acquisition with magnetization transfer preparation |
1Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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Recently, neuromelanin and |
| 2636 | Computer 163
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Visualization of the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta: comparison between DANTE T1-SPACE and T1-SPACE |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 3Integrated Clinical Education Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan, Kyoto, Japan, 4Siemens Healthineers, Portland, OR, United States, 5Siemens Healthineers, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance techniques have been used for depicting neuromelanin-rich structures such as the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). We compared visualization of the SNpc between delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation-prepared T1-weighted variable flip angle turbo spin echo (DANTE T1-SPACE) and T1-SPACE without DANTE pulse (T1-SPACE) in 8 healthy volunteers. DANTE T1-SPACE provided better delineation of the SNpc and showed higher contrast than T1-SPACE. DANTE T1-SPACE may be a viable tool for evaluating the SNpc. |
| 2637 | Computer 164
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Assessment of inter-fractional positional accuracy of anterior visual pathway in a frameless stereotactic radiosurgery using an MR-simulator |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, 2Department of radiotherapy, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong |
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In hypofractionized stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), radiation-induced optic neuropathy (RION) might associate with the local radiation injury to anterior visual pathway (AVP), while the irradiated dose to AVP is much influenced by its positional variation. We for the first time assessed the inter-fractional AVP positional variation in a hypofractionized frameless SRS setting on 13 volunteers using a 1.5T MR-simulator. The results suggested that sub-millimeter AVP positional accuracy could be achieved in the frameless SRS after brain alignment. However, the dose uncertainty in the most anterior optical nerves should be concerned (1.2±2.6 mm positional variability) in a sharp dose gradient of SRS. |
| 2638 | Computer 165
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Visualizing and Characterizing the Habenula with Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, shanghai, China, 2Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 4Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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The habenulae are a small pair of nuclei which serve as a hub between the limbic forebrain and midbrain monoameric neurons. It is a target for the treatment of major depressive disorder using deep brain stimulation, which requires precise pre-treatment mapping. We visualized and characterized the habenula using multiple MRI contrasts and maps to quantify its properties and delineate the structure between lateral and medial side. Axially, we observed elevated iron in the posterior aspect, which we believe to be the lateral habenula. Quantitatively, we also noted similarities of the lateral habenula specifically to white matter. |
| 2639 | Computer 166
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Localization of the habenula and stimulating electrodes in pre/post-DBS surgery using MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Deep brain stimulation of the lateral habenula is a common approach to treat refractory depression and other psychiatric diseases. It is very important to know the exact position of the habenula before positioning the electrodes. We conducted phantom experiments using a clinical DBS wire to determine the characteristics of the artifacts stemming from the electrodes and also scanned 6 pre/post-DBS patients on a 1.5T scanner. Both T2W TSE and high resolution GRE imaging clearly visualized the electrodes through the geometric distortion artifacts. 3D T1 MPRAGE, T2W TSE and 3D GRE provided a rapid protocol for scanning patients pre/post-DBS treatment. |
| 2640 | Computer 167
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An anatomical atlas for segmentation of thalamic nuclei from conventional 3T MRI |
1Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Thalamic nuclei are typically invisible on conventional T1 and T2 MRI. We propose here an anatomical atlas based on 7T White matter nulled MP-RAGE data which can be used for a variety of applications including targeting the VIM nucleus for neurosurgical applications and thalamic nuclear volumetry for tracking disease progression using conventional MRI sequences like MP-RAGE or FLAIR. |
| 2641 | Computer 168
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Biological brain age prediction using structural MRI: Insights from dimensionality reduction techniques |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 2Montréal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Montréal, QC, Canada, 3Graduate Program in Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, 5School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada |
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The human brain changes with age and these age-related changes have been used as biomarkers for several brain-related disorders. Therefore, being able to accurately predict the biological age of the brain from T1-weighted MR images yields significant potential for clinical applications. The present study evaluates regression models coupled with dimensionality reduction techniques for biological brain age prediction and concludes that Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA) enhances prediction performance of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) models. The proposed analysis also reveals brain areas that are strongly anti-correlated with age, in agreement with previous aging studies. |
| 2642 | Computer 169
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Volumetric analysis of selected brain regions for multi-parametric diagnostic investigation of atrophic brain diseases - Comparison of different volumetric analysis methods |
1Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany |
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In this study three freeware tools for volumetric image post-processing were compared. The study population was subdivided by age decades. Our results show no major deviations between the selected analytical methods. |
| 2643 | Computer 170
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A Time-Averaged MRI Brain Template for the Infant Rhesus Macaque |
1Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Department of Medical Physics, Department of Psychiatry, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Anatomical templates are extremely prevalent in human brain imaging research, but comparatively rare in non-human primate MRI studies, particularly for the early-developing brain. Utilizing a custom T1-weighted imaging sequence (MPnRAGE), we have constructed a finely-sampled (0.469 mm isotropic), T1-weighted, time-averaged, population template of the infant rhesus macaque brain, generated from 35 rhesus monkeys, scanned at five different time points throughout their first year of life (including 4 scans within the first 6 months). This time-averaged template of the early-developing rhesus macaque brain provides an invaluable anatomical framework for characterizing and assessing early brain development in non-human primates. |
| 2644 | Computer 171
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A novel ex vivo MR imaging template of the Japanese quail to study stress-selected lines. |
1Neurospin, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2PRC, INRA CNRS IFCE, Nouzilly, France, 3Zooparc Beauval & Beauval Nature, Saint-Aignan, France |
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In neuroscience, birds are becoming interesting animal models to study learning and memory but also response to stress. Nevertheless, bird’s brain organization and physiology suffers from a lack of neuroimaging tools to perform non-invasive and longitudinal investigations. In this study, we proposed a novel brain template of the Japanese quail (Coturnix Japonica), built from twenty animals dedicated to voxel-based morphometry approach. Using these tools we investigate differences in grey matter concentration (GMC) between two divergent lines of quails selected from their response to fear. Our results report structural differences between the both quail lineages within cognitives, motivational and motor systems. |
| 2645 | Computer 172
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High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Juvenile Minke Whale Brain at 7T |
1Translational & Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The brain of a 15-foot juvenile brain that washed ashore in the Bronx, New York City was scanned using a 7T whole-body MRI scanner. After fixation in PBS solution and vacuum removal of air pockets, the specimen was scanned using a battery of high-resolution anatomical MRI sequences, including T1-weighted MP2RAGE, 3D MERGE, Proton Density weighted imaging, T2-weighted FLAIR imaging and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Post-processing included brain masking to alleviate bright background from the PBS solution in most imaging modalities. Anatomical imaging from three high resolution datasets is presented along with a 3D reconstruction generated by volumetric projection of data segmented using the FreeSurfer 6 algorithm. |
| 2646 | Computer 173
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A high-resolution MRI template for adult Beagle dog |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 5Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, South China Institute for Stem Cell, Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China |
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High-resolution T1w and T2w templates from 10 male adult purebred beagles were created in this study. According to the tissue probability map, descriptive statistics of brain tissue volumes and brain sizes exhibit our template with smaller variance. Significant correlation between brain size from dorsal to ventral and gray matter volume was found. This high-resolution purebred canine brain template lays the foundation for further studies aimed at in-vivo analysis of the development of canine brain anatomy and function. |
| 2647 | Computer 174
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An MRI-Derived Neuroanatomical Atlas of the Fischer 344 Rat Brain |
1Dept. of Neuroscience, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Centre d'Imagerie Cérébrale, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Dept. of Psychiatry, McGill, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States |
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Neuroscientific research involving preclinical rodent models often requires the ability to precisely identify anatomical brain regions. This project reports the development of a high-resolution MRI atlas of the Fischer 344 adult rat. The atlas is composed of 98 manually delineated structures through 256 coronal slices. The atlas was developed using 41 adult Fischer 344 rats to generate a co-registered average brain. The template was segmented by intensity contrast in conjunction with the Paxinos and Watson paper atlas. This atlas is intended to be a resource for researchers working with Fischer 344 rats and is provided open-access in MINC2.0 and NIfTI. |
| 2648 | Computer 175
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High resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging based atlas of the C57BL/6J adult mouse brain: a tool for examining mouse brain structures |
1Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Bernard & Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States, 4Preclinical Imaging Center, New york, NY, United States |
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Mouse models have been widely used in the neuroscience research to evaluate brain development, micro-structural and functional phenotypes in response to gene mutations and neurological diseases which require a baseline for comparison, such as an atlas. Where existing atlases vary in contrast mechanisms, number of structures and resolution, very few reports detailed neuroanatomical parcellations based on diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. This study was therefore aimed to develop high resolution diffusion MR-based mouse brain atlas database with thorough labels for cortical and subcortical structures compatible with the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas (AMBA) which will be freely available to the research community. |
| 2649 | Computer 1
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High resolution MRI in Diagnosis of Cerebral Arterial Thrombosis |
1Taishan Medical University, Tai＇an, China, 2Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China, 3MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of CUBE MRI for high resolution imaging in the detection of intraluminal thrombi in acute stroke patients. The T1-weighted CUBE images showed dark blood signal in arteries and high signal or iso-signal filling in the lumen. In our study, the sensitivity of T1 weighted CUBE in the detection of intraluminal thrombi reached 100% and the corresponding area under curve(AUC) value was higher than SWI. We therefore demonstrated that the T1-weighted CUBE MRI can effectively help to diagnosis the intraluminal thrombi. |
| 2650 | Computer 2
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Functional and Microstructural Changes in the Brain After Carotid Endarterectomy |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 3Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 4Vascular Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) for clinically asymptomatic patients has been shown effective in reducing stroke risk. The impact that CEA has on functional connectivity or microstructure in the brain has not been studied. 14 clinically asymptomatic underwent resting state fMRI (rs-fMRI), diffusion MRI (dMRI), and neurocognitive testing pre-operatively and 4-6 months post-operatively. Functional correlation analysis on rs-fMRI was performed by analyzing the average within network correlations. Apparent fiber density calculations were performed to assess the microstructural changes before and after surgery. RS-fMRI and dMRI analysis showed changes before and after CEA. |
| 2651 | Computer 3
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Deep Learning Augmented Cerebral Blood Flow Measurement Using Arterial Spin Labeling Technique in Moyamoya Disease Before and After Direct Bypass Surgery |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2Medical Imaging, Shuan-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, 3Neurosurgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Bioengineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States |
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We used single-delayed (SD) pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL), multi-delay (MD) ASL and a new, synthesized (Synth) ASL to longitudinally monitor cerebral blood flow (CBF) before and after direct bypass surgery in Moyamoya disease. The Synth-ASL was generated from a deep convolutional neural network, previously trained on a simultaneous [15O]-water PET/MRI dataset to generate a PET-like CBF map from MRI inputs. The Synth-ASL demonstrated a more homogenous CBF change across the brain and significantly greater CBF increase globally and regionally than SD-ASL and MD-ASL after surgery. Synth-ASL reduces bias in long arterial delay and measurement noise, and may enable robust CBF imaging follow-up in cerebrovascular patients. |
| 2652 | Computer 4
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HIV-Associated Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Measured by Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States, 2Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States |
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HIV-infected older individuals are at increased risk of developing cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can be used to asses tissue susceptibility, which can be a measure of CSVD. CSVD tends to occur more frequently in HIV-positive individuals. Limited information in the literature is available on HIV-associated changes in brain tissue susceptibility. In this abstract, we seek to discover relationships between HIV and QSM measures. Brain segmentation and region-based statistics were performed to discover region-based links between HIV and QSM measures and cardiovascular risk factors. |
| 2653 | Computer 5
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A multi-site round robin assessment of ASL using a perfusion phantom |
1Gold Standard Phantoms Limited, London, United Kingdom, 2Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 4Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 5Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 6Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 7Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany, 8Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States, 9Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 10Donders Institute For Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 11Dept. of Imaging & Pathology, Translational MRI, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium, 12Medical Imaging Center (MIC), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands, 13C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 14Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Arterial Spin Labelling shows great promise for perfusion measurements; however, despite numerous volunteer reproducibility studies, comparisons have not been made using a phantom to establish differences due to the acquisition hardware and pulse sequences. We present data from a multi-site study using a perfusion phantom, targeting 3T MRI systems from a single vendor running the same software version. |
| 2654 | Computer 6
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Test-retest Reproducibility and associations with cognitive impairment of 3D PCASL in Elderly Subjects at Risk of Small Vessel Disease |
1USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Neurology, Keck School of Medicine at USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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We assessed the reproducibility 3D pCASL in an elderly cohort with risk for small vessel disease and its associations with clinical assessments and vascular risk factors. We found a high test-retest reproducibility of regional CBF and an association of subcortical MCA perfusion territories of the lenticulostriate arteries with cognition and vascular risks. Hence, 3D pCASL perfusion in MCA perfusion territory might be a potential imaging marker to identify early small vessel changes related to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. |
| 2655 | Computer 7
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The value of high-resolution magnetic resonance vascular wall imaging in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system vasculitis |
1Taishan Medical University, Jinan, China, 2Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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Three-dimensional (3D) CUBE MRI for high-resolution vascular wall imaging can reveal the morphological characteristics of vessel wall. To investigate its feasibility in the diagnosis of central nervous system vasculitis, we applied the contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted CUBE imaging in the patients with vasculitis. We found significant alterations of the vessel wall imaging in signal-to-noise-ratio and contrast-to-noise-ratio before and after clinical treatment. With these, we can demonstrate that 3D CUBE MRI can effectively help to diagnose the central nervous system vasculitis and evaluate the treatment effect. |
| 2656 | Computer 8
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A test-retest multi-site reproducibility study of 4D flow MRI on neurovascular system |
1GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China, 2Center for Medical Device Evaluation, NMPA, Beijing, China |
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4D flow MRI shows great potential in neurovascular disorders such as stenosis, atherosclerotic disease, aneurysms, and vascular malformations. Its widespread application in neurovascular system requires evidence of good test-retest multi-center reproducibility. The purpose of this study is to assess the multi-center reproducibility and test-retest reliability of 4D flow MRI in measurements of cerebral blood flow/velocity in main intracranial vessels. As a result, high multi-center reproducibility and test-retest reliability was shown for 4D flow MRI in the measurements of blood flow and peak velocity of main intracranial vessels for healthy volunteers. |
| 2657 | Computer 9
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Evaluation of image quality of pituitary dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using TWIST and IT-TWIST. |
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |
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To compare the image quality of pituitary dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI using TWIST and iterative reconstruction TWIST (IT-TWIST). IT-TWIST images were created from the identical rawdata of TWIST. ROI analyses were conducted to evaluate enhancement slope in PS, PL, bilateral cavernous sinus (CS) in enhancement slope map. Four ROIs were applied to temporal SD map as an indicator of temporal noise to evaluate image noise. Enhancement slope of all ROIs but PS was significantly higher in IT-TWIST than that in TWIST. Temporal noise in IT-TWIST was significantly less than that in TWIST in all ROIs. |
| 2658
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Computer 10
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Imaging the Cerebral Vasculature Using Ferumoxytol Enhanced Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping at 3T |
1Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Imaging the major arteries in the brain is straightforward using MR angiography either with or without a contrast agent. However, imaging vessels at the 250μm level is challenging and imaging vessels at the 50μm to 100μm level is essentially impossible even with high field systems. One potential approach to bring them to life is using an iron-based contrast agent to enhance SWI. In this work, we extend the use of Ferumoxytol to image the small cerebral arteries and veins to 3T and show that within a reasonable scanning time, one can obtain superb images of the vasculature of the brain. |
| 2659 | Computer 11
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Comparison of the BOLD-evoked response to hypercapnic challenge in mice anesthetized under isoflurane and dexmedetomidine. |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, Mcgill university, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Psychiatry, Mcgill university, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Biological & Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Small animal functional magnetic resonance imaging has great potential in a range of basic neuroscientific applications. To maintain stable experimental conditions, animals are usually anesthetized during acquisition. However, anesthesia regimes influence neural activity through their influence on neurovascular coupling. To investigate these mechanisms, we compared the BOLD response following hypercapnia in mice anesthetized under isoflurane or dexmedetomidine. We found that the impact of hypercapnia is much more potent in animals anesthetized under dexmedetomidine, but that FC is much stronger under isoflurane, suggesting that this response does not predict a more pronounced reduction in FC as a consequence of anesthesia. |
| 2660 | Computer 12
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Synthetic MR Angiography: A Feasibility Study of MR Angiography based on 3D Synthetic MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 3Milliman Inc., Tokyo, Japan |
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Quantitative synthetic MRI allows |
| 2661 | Computer 13
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Assessment of cerebral pulsatility using high temporal-resolution MRI |
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Stroke Prevention Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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High frequency resting state BOLD MRI (rs-fMRI, TR=0.43s) detects effects of blood flow pulsatility on the cerebrovasculature, but no systematic comparison of analysis methods has been performed. In ten healthy subjects, we compared three pulsatility quantification methods (iterative GLM, mean-squared coherence (MSC), number of standard deviations (nSD)), with or without external physiological measurements. MSC detected the greatest proportion of voxels with significant pulsatility, but iGLM analysis was the most specific method, identified greater normalised pulsatility magnitude in arteries, and was the only approach that produced similar estimates of pulsatility magnitude and extent independently of external physiological data. |
| 2662 | Computer 14
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High-resolution Brain 3D-TOF MRA of Critical Fine Branches from Major Trunks Using Deep Learning Reconstruction and High-gradient Magnetic Field |
1Radiology, Korin University Faculty of Medicine, Mitaka, Japan, 2Radiology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Japan, 3Radiology, Korin University Hospital, Mitaka, Japan |
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Problem Using a 3-T MRI scanner with a high gradient magnetic field (100mT/m), we evaluated the depiction of the intracranial fine branches on high-resolution 3D-TOF MRA (HR-TOF). We also assessed whether depiction can be improved by deep learning reconstruction (DLR). Methods Ten healthy volunteers were imaged by HR-TOF with DLR, and the sharpness of origin and the overall depiction of branches were assessed. Results SNR, the sharpness of the origin and the overall depiction of branches were superior in HR-TOF with DLR. Conclusion HR-TOF can well depict fine branches from major trunks. By performing DLR processing, depiction can be improved. |
| 2663 | Computer 15
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Optimization of a new accelerated time-of-flight Brain MR angiography using spiral data acquisition: Spiral MRA |
1Department of Radiological Services, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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Spiral MRA is a new accelerated time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF MRA) with spiral data acquisition, which acquires MR data by traveling through k-space with spirals. Acquisition window (AW) is a new parameter, which indicates the degree of under-sampling related to image quality and acquisition time. In this study, suitable flip angle (FA) and AW for Spiral MRA was evaluated by a 5-point scale and signal profile analysis. In conclusion, the suitable FA was 25° to demonstrate each artery and suppress the background signals. AW should be set to 10 or less to avoid vessel blurring. |
| 2664 | Computer 16
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A new accelerated time-of-flight Brain MR angiography (Spiral MRA) with a combination technique of spiral acquisition and fat suppression: ProSet |
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips Electronics Japan, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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Spiral MRA is a new accelerated time-of-flight MR angiography (TOF-MRA), the k space is filled with data in a spiral trajectory on the frequency and phase encoding directions. In this study, the effect of TONE and ProSet on Spiral MRA was evaluated by comparing image quality between Spiral MRA and conventional TOF-MRA. As the result, TONE was rarely effective on Spiral MRA, and Spiral MRA with ProSet provided high quality images, and reduced the acquisition time by approximately 70%, compared to conventional TOF-MRA with ProSet. In conclusion, Spiral MRA with ProSet is a useful, accelerated technique without image quality deterioration. |
| 2665 | Computer 17
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Dual Coil Continuous ASL of the human brain at 9.4 T |
1Magnetic Resonance Center, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) is expected to profit highly from ultra high magnetic fields because of the high SNR and the long longitudinal relaxation time. Here we show first images from dual coil continuous ASL measurements in the human brain at 9.4 T. A separate transmit channel was established to feed two small labeling coils placed at the neck. A power limiter was used to ensure subject safety. First images show strong perfusion contrast and high SNR. |
| 2666 | Computer 18
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Measure Cerebral Microstructure Alterations in SVD and BVD Using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Investigate the Correlation with Cognitive Impairment |
1The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is one of the most popular diffusion MRI methods in the study of ageing. Diffusion kurtosis imaging, which is a recent novel extension of DTI to provide additional metrics quantifying non-Gaussianity of water diffusion in brain tissues, was applied throughout the study. We investigated diffusional alternations arising from brain small vessel disease, and compared results with age and educational level-matched big vessel disease and healthy controls. We also investigated the correlation between these diseases and cognitive impairment. |
| 2667 | Computer 19
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Super selective arterial spin labeling technique in the assessment of blood supply from external carotid artery in Moyamoya Disease: comparison with digital subtraction angiography |
1Radiology Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Super selective arterial spin labeling (ssASL) is a MR territory perfusion technique based on arterial spin labeling. The efficacy of this technique to demonstrate the blood supply of external carotid artery (ECA) into the brain has not been studied. This study demonstrated ssASL was in good agreement with DSA, the gold standard for cerebral vessels, in the evaluation of preoperative ECA collaterals, superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass and synangiosis-induced vessels in Moyamoya disease. |
| 2668 | Computer 20
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Correlation of cerebrovascular reserve assessed by acetazolamide-stress SPECT with collaterals on arterial spin-labeling MRI in patients with carotid occlusive disease |
1Seoul Veterans Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We evaluated the correlation between cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) on acetazolamide (ACZ) -stress SPECT brain scans and collaterals on ASL MRI in ICA stenosis. 86 patients with ICA stenosis (>70%) were enrolled in this study. On ASL, late-arriving flow appears as serpiginous high ASL signal within cortical vessels, which has been termed arterial transit artifact (ATA). 82/86 ICA stenosis patients underwent SPECT imagings with Tc-99m-ECD in the resting and after ACZ challenge. Significant positive relationship was observed between normal CVR group and ATA showing group in ICA stenosis patients on ASL brain perfusion (p=0.035, chi-square test). |
| 2669 | Computer 21
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MRI Evaluation of Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic disorder caused by intermittent obstruction of the upper airways during sleep. OSA patients are prone to cardiovascular disease and stroke. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is an index to assess the degree of impairment of cerebrovascular regulation. Here, a breath-hold index (BHI) was introduced as a surrogate for CVR to evaluate subjects with OSA and their controls. Preliminary results from an ongoing study found BHI to be significantly elevated in OSA for both BOLD based regional, and global CBF. The results agree with a recent MRI-based CVR study using an exogenously administered hypercapnia stimulus. |
| 2670 | Computer 22
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Changes to Blood-Brain Barrier Water Permeability After CPAP Treatment in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea |
1Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), intermittent ischemia and re-oxygenation leads to disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. In this study changes in BBB water permeability parameters, water extraction fraction (Ew) and water permeability surface area product (PSw), in patients with OSA before and after 8-weeks of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment were investigated using the recently developed Intrinsic Diffusivity Encoding of Arterial Labeled Spins (IDEALS) technique. Compared to healthy controls, OSA patients exhibited lower CBF, PSw and Ew before CPAP. After 8-weeks of CPAP, patients showed increased CBF, PSw and Ew demonstrating the improvement of BBB integrity. |
| 2671 | Computer 23
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4D Flow MRI Analysis of Cerebral Blood Flow Before and After The Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass Surgery for Atherosclerotic Disease |
1Radiology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 2Neurosurgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 3Radiology, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Philips Electronics Japan Ltd, Tokyo, Japan |
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The purpose of this study was to clarify the change in the hemodynamics after superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass surgery using 4D Flow MRI. We enrolled 20 patients who underwent 4D Flow MRI preoperatively and 3 weeks after the surgery. The blood flow volume (BFV) of ipsilateral STA and ipsilateral ICA significantly increased after the surgery (0.53±0.22 vs. 1.78±0.54 ml/sec (p< 0.001); 2.37±5.09 vs. 1.82±3.42 ml/sec (p=0.03)). |
| 2672 | Computer 24
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Validation of zTE MRA in the characterization of cerebrovascular diseases: a feasibility study |
1Department of Radiology, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of zero echo time magnetic resonance angiography (zTE-MRA) in the characterization of cerebrovascular diseases. Comparing with the time of flight (TOF) MRA, zTE-MRA showed more robust performance in depicting cerebrovascular diseases with dramatically reduced acoustic noise, higher signal homogeneity, less venous signal/artifact and higher inter-modality agreement and correlation with computed tomography angiography (CTA). We therefore demonstrated that zTE MRA could be a promising technique and further applied routinely in the clinic for patients with cerebrovascular diseases. |
| 2673 | Computer 25
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Estimating hemodynamic response functions using motor task and resting-state EEG-fMRI data acquired during wakefulness with eyes open |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Graduate Program in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3School of Physical And Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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In this work, we quantify the fMRI hemodynamic response function (HRF) using task-based (motor) and resting-state EEG-fMRI. We developed a methodology that does not require any assumptions regarding the HRF shape or the relative contribution of different EEG spectral bands to obtain region-specific estimates of the HRF. During the motor task, the EEG β-band was found to have a more pronounced contribution to BOLD variations compared to other bands, and the HRF was mainly negative due to β-band desynchronization and post-movement β-rebound. During resting-state, the contribution of different EEG bands and the HRF estimates varied between subjects, possibly due to low SNR and differences in the subjects’ brain state. |
| 2674 | Computer 26
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Cortical structure mediates the effect of childhood maltreatment on depression relapse during longitudinal follow-up |
1Institute of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 3Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 4Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 5Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
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Childhood maltreatment is a strong risk factor for the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) and associated with unfavorable course of the disease. Both, maltreatment and MDD have been independently associated with structural alterations in partly overlapping brain regions suggesting that brain structural changes could mediate the adverse influence of maltreatment on clinical outcome in MDD. In this study the relationship between childhood trauma, brain structural alterations and adverse disease course was investigated in a longitudinal design. Our results suggest that cortical surface area reductions might mediate the prospective association between early life stress and future depression relapse. |
| 2675 | Computer 27
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Evidence for an association between low-grade peripheral inflammation and brain structural alterations in major depression |
1Institute of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 2Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 3Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia, 4Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany, 5Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, 6Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
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Preliminary research suggests that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with structural alterations of brain regions relevant for emotion regulation and associated with low-grade peripheral inflammation as indicated by high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) serum levels. This association between structural brain alterations and low-grade inflammation as potentially interrelated biological correlates of MDD was investigated. In MDD patients, but not healthy controls, prefrontal gray matter volume reductions were significantly associated with higher hsCRP levels. |
| 2676 | Computer 28
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Abnormal functional connectivity of ACC sub-regions in patients with major depressive disorders |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science, College of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China, 4Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 5Department of Psychiatry, the Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder characterized by cognitive and affective deficits. Prior works indicated that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is related to high-level cognitive and emotion process, which is also thought to be pivotal to depression. Here, we examined the resting FC of ACC sub-regions in fist-episode MDD patients. The current results revealed reduced ACC sub-regional FC with IPL and SPL while increased FC was found in dmPFC. Additionally, FC with IPL also negatively correlated with symptom severity (HDRS), indicating that depression may disrupt the normal interactions within the DMN. These findings on alteration of ACC sub-regional FC may contribute to the comprehension in pathophysiology of MDD. |
| 2677 | Computer 29
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Structural MRI at 7T reveals amygdala nuclei and hippocampal subfield volumetric association with Major Depressive Disorder symptom severity |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Subcortical volumetric changes in MDD have been purported to underlie the symptoms of MDD, however, the evidence to date remains inconsistent. Here, we investigated the relationship between structural limbic brain measurements and MDD symptomology through high-resolution segmentation of the amygdala and hippocampus. We report the novel finding that MDD severity is consistently negatively associated with amygdala nuclei, linking volumetric reductions with worsening depressive symptoms. |
| 2678 | Computer 30
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Anomalous functional connectivity in subregional amygdala networks in major depressive disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), Chengdu, China |
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The LB, CM, SF and Astr are four main subregions of the amygdala. In this study, we use seed-based functional connectivity method to determine amygdala network dysfunction in MDD. Compared with HC, patients with major depressive disorder showed hypoconncetivity in AStr/LB- OFC circuits, in CM /SF-brainstem/cerebellum circuits and in AStr/CM/SF-thalamus/striatum circuits. These dysfunction in amygdala networks may modulate different emotional and cognitive function in derpession. |
| 2679
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Computer 31
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Abnormal Blood-Brain Barrier Water Permeability in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption may be the key mechanism leading to neuronal dysfunction and neuroinflammation in major depressive disorder (MDD). Active pathways account for a large portion of trans-membrane water exchange, providing a link between BBB water permeability and metabolism. In this study alterations in BBB water permeability parameters, water extraction fraction (Ew) and water permeability surface area product (PSw), in patients with MDD were investigated using the recently developed Intrinsic Diffusivity Encoding of Arterial Labeled Spins (IDEALS) technique. Compared to healthy subjects, MDD patients exhibited significantly lower PSw and Ew with no differences in cerebral blood flow. |
| 2680 | Computer 32
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Investigation of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease induced Depression using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging - A preliminary Region-specific Study |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Jingxi Campus), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (Jingxi Campus), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This abstract presents a preliminary study of cerebral small vessel disease induced depression using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Different DKI-derived parameters in specific brain structures were compared between depression and non-depression groups, as well as between anxiety and non-anxiety groups. The correlation between DTI- and DKI-derived parameters and clinical scores were also investigated. |
| 2681 | Computer 33
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7 Tesla Phase Sensitive Imaging of Brain Regions with Metabolic Alterations in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2UCSF, San Franciwsco, CA, United States, 3Psychiatry, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Ultra high-field phase sensitive imaging can help elucidate subtle changes in brain iron content. Recent research implicates brain iron deposition in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Our previous work involving MDD patients detected symptom-related metabolic alterations in deep brain structures and anterior cingulate cortex. In our current analysis, we apply 7T phase sensitive imaging in these same brain regions to evaluate the role of iron accumulation in neurocognitive and depressive symptoms in this vulnerable population. |
| 2682 | Computer 34
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Relationship Between Gray Matter Volume Reductions and TPH1 Polymorphisms in Depressive Disorder Patients with Suicidal Attempts |
1Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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To investigate relationship between gray matter volume (GMV) changes and TPH1 polymorphisms in depressive disorder (DD) patients with suicidal attempts (SA), 13 DD-SA patients and 20 healthy controls were scanned three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted image to obtain GMV in the brain. In addition, TPH1 rs1800532 and rs1799913 polymorphisms were obtained. The patients showed significant GMV reduction. The right precentral and postcentral gyri GMV values of AA and CA genotypes patients were significantly decreased compared to those of CC genotype subjects, indicating that both GMV reductions and TPH1 A allele may be involved in the pathogenesis of DD-SA patients. |
| 2683 | Computer 35
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Alterations of White Matter Tracts in Suicidal and Non-suicidal Brain with Major Depressive Disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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We investigated the white matter alterations at the individual level in MDD patients with and without suicide attempts using Automated Fiber Quantification (AFQ) approach. The three major left hemispheric white matter tracts including arcuate, CST and ATR suggested to play an important role in suicidal brain, which implies deficits of dominant hemisphere specialization with cognitive processes such as reading, writing and speaking. Our study contributes to revealing neurobiological mechanism of suicide attempts. |
| 2684 | Computer 36
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Study of gender differences in major depressive disorder by using resting state brain functional magnetic resonance imaging |
1Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China |
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Sex differences are observed in epidemiological and clinical symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD); yet, little is known about about the gender difference of brain function in MDD. In this work, variance analysis were used to assess the sex differences of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) alterations in male, female MDD patients and matched controls. We found the gender differences of ALFF in bilateral caudate nucleus and posterior cingulate gyrus. Our findings suggest that sex specific functional alterations existed in MDD, and these alterations may associated with the clinical symptoms. |
| 2685 | Computer 37
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Structural brain abnormalities in MDD patients with suicide： A DARTEL-enhanced voxel-based morphometry study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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We performed a VBM analysis with DARTEL to analysis the different structure in healthy controls, MDD patients with or without suicidal actors. The result shows suicidal patients had reduced GMV than patient controls in precuneus/cuneus, anterior cingulate cortex and orbital frontal gyrus. Particularly, we found suicidal ideators have reduced GMV in middle frontal gyrus compared to suicidal attempters. Negative correlation was found between clinical characters and volume of some regions. The dysfunction of self-awareness, emotional processing and impulsivity control function caused by the abnormalities of these brain regions may be associated suicidal behavior. |
| 2686 | Computer 38
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Hippocampus-related regional and network functional deficits in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder: a resting-state functional MRI study |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, Chengdu, China |
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Previous neuroimaging studies have suggested that major depressive disorder (MDD) may be correlated with changes in regional- or network-level brain function. The purposes of the present study were to investigate changes of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) in bilateral hippocampus by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) in first-episode drug-naive major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. Our findings demonstrate that the hippocampus and dACC contribute to the underlying pathophysiology of MDD at an early-stage. |
| 2687 | Computer 39
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The Importance of Identifying Functional Val158Met Polymorphism in Catechol-O- Methyltransferase (COMT) when Assessing MRI-based Volumetric Measurements in Major Depressive Disorder |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Stony Brook Radiology, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Using voxel-based morphology we investigated the relationship between COMT gene polymorphism and volumetric abnormalities in major depressive disorder patients and healthy controls. A significant difference in the right hippocampus (p=0.015) was found between the interaction of diagnosis and genotype, which suggests that COMT polymorphism must be considered during any volumetric analysis for depression. |
| 2688 | Computer 40
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Differences in Brain Microstructural Alterations between Bipolar and Major Depression Revealed by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging |
1Hokkaido University Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Sapporo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan, 3Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan, 4Department of Radiation Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan |
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This prospective study evaluated if bipolar and major depression patients had microstructural brain alterations detectable on DKI. The results showed significant alterations in these patients, of which some clusters correlated with clinical symptoms. Mean kurtosis also differed significantly between the two groups. |
| 2689 | Computer 41
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Studying disease-related brain alterations in bipolar disorder with combined analysis of DKI and VBM |
1Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Neuropsychiatry, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, the University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan |
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Brain abnormalities in bipolar disorder were investigated with diffusion kurtosis imaging and voxel-based morphometry, using a framework for data-driven feature extraction from multivariate data. The result showed two components capturing effect of diagnosis, and these were driven by diffusion kurtosis measures in the white matter including the prefrontal-striatal-thalamic pathways, cerebellum, and medial temporal lobes. Our results indicate diffusion kurtosis imaging can provide unique information that is sensitive to the abnormalities in bipolar disorder, and that interrelationship among different measures is a promising avenue to study neuronal circuits relevant to the disease. |
| 2690 | Computer 42
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Altered white matter microstructure correlates with cognitive functions in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder |
1Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Baylor College of Medicine-Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Cognitive impairments and white matter (WM) microstructural alterations have been found in subjects with bipolar disorder (BD). However, the relationship between WM microstructural alterations and impulsivity, a prominent cognitive trait, in children/adolescents with BD is not known. In this study, diffusion MRI and cognitive assessments were obtained from 19 children/adolescents diagnosed with BD and 23 age-matched healthy controls. We found increased radial diffusivity(RD), reflecting disrupted myelin, in major WM tracts such as corpus callosum. Significant correlation between RD in WM tracts regulating impulsivity and response time to affective words was found, suggesting the association between WM myelin disruption and impulsivity. |
| 2691 | Computer 43
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Individual Prediction of Symptomatic Converters in Youth Offspring of Bipolar Parents Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Whether the neurochemicals are associated with the vulnerability of bipolar disorder has not been studied before, findings of which may extend our understanding of neurobiological factors associated with the pathogenesis. In this study, a cohort of bipolar offsprings were enrolled and later divided into two symptomatic (converters) and healthy bipolar offspring (non-converters). Baseline MRS data was obtained and examined in predicting the disorder conversion. The measures of mI, Cr and Cho in the left VLPFC achieved the highest prediction accuracy, which indicated that some specific neurochemicals are associated with the vulnerability of bipolar disorder. |
| 2692 | Computer 44
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Altered functional connectivity and spectroscopic metabolites related to treatment response in adolescents with bipolar disorder |
1Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The reason for the inconsistency of bipolar disorder (BD) patients’ brain functional status and metabolic levels of treatment response is still not clear. This task-based fMRI study was carried out to figure out the relationship between medication treatment and brain status in function and metabolites. By analyzing functional connectivity and correlating metabolic markers in treatment response and no response BD patients, we found medication can affect the brain functional status and metabolic level in BD patients, and precentral gyrus is a key region during BD illness course. |
| 2693 | Computer 45
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Exploring White Matter Functional Networks at Rest in Boys with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Using Clustering Analysis and Tractography |
1Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Chile |
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In current study, we identified nine white matter functional networks and their relations to structural white matter fibers identified by DTI. Sensorimotor network and dorsal attention network, which show good spatial correspondence with specific anatomical tracts, present higher amplitude in ADHD. Our results uncover the altered intrinsic functional organization of white matter in ADHD, and indicate that changes in neural activity are encoded in BOLD variations within white matter. |
| 2694 | Computer 46
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Stronger small-worldizition of structural networks in drug-naïve children and adolescents with ADHD：A graph theory analysis |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Structural connectomes of patients with ADHD showed a shift toward “stronger small-worldization” which provided a structural basis for higher rates of information transfer in this disorder. These global network alterations, together with increased connectivity within and among DMN and task-positive networks including FPN, DAN and VAN, could lead to disruptions of attention and goal-oriented behavior that are the primary clinical hallmarks of ADHD. |
| 2695 | Computer 47
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Association of explicit memory dysfunction with regional brain volume alterations in patients with generalized anxiety disorder |
1National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) causes emotional dysregulations and/or cognitive deficits, including excessive anger, impairments of explicit and implicit memories and poor attention. A DARTEL-based voxel-based morphometry (VBM) study for assessing the relationship between morphometric abnormalities and explicit memory dysfunction in patients with GAD has not yet been reported. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations over the whole brain in patients with GAD, as well as the correlation between the brain structural abnormality and explicit memory dysfunction. Our findings would be helpful to understand the association between the brain structure abnormality and the functional deficit in the explicit memory in GAD. |
| 2696 | Computer 48
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Brain regional connectome-wide search identified a resting-state functional connectivity locus within precunes associated with rumination symptom severity in mood and anxiety disorders |
1Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, United States, 2Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Tulsa, OK, United States, 4Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, United States |
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We identified a precise locus within the precuneus that has resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) associated with rumination symptom severity for mood and anxiety (MA) disorder patients. We devised brain regional connectome-wide association analysis, which used multivariate distance matrix regression for searching voxels with connectivity correlated with the Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS) within the posterior cingulate cortex and the precuneus. The analysis identified voxels in the precuneus having rsFC significantly associated with RRS. Functional connectivity between the precuneus and bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ) had a significant positive correlation with RRS in MA patients but not in the healthy participants. |
| 2697 | Computer 49
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Age-related alteration in topological efficiency of structural network in children with autism aged 2-7 years |
1Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Relatively flat white matter (WM) microstructural changes have been found in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 2-7 years yet faster WM microstructural maturation in typically developing (TD) children were observed. In this study, we further investigated the WM structural networks in children with ASD and TD children using diffusion MRI tractography and graph-theory-based analysis. Higher global and local topological efficiencies were found in the ASD. Similar to age-related WM microstructural maturation pattern, the global, local and nodal efficiencies established with structural network increase significantly faster in TD children than those in children with ASD. |
| 2698 | Computer 50
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Functional and Structural Abnormality in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder Combined VBM and FC Analysis |
1Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China |
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We combined voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis to identify functional and structural characteristics in patients with alcohol use disorder using high resolution T1-weighted structure images and functional MRI. AUD group showed significantly decreased gray matter volume mainly in the default mode network, and decreased FC in the default mode network and executive control network when compared with the HC group. Combining VBM and FC provides a new perspective on the pathophysiological and clinical manifestations in AUD patients. |
| 2699 | Computer 51
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Along-tract statistics of NODDI diffusion metrics to enhance MR tractography quantitative analysis in healthy controls and in patients with glioma |
1Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, 3Unit of Oncological Neurosurgery, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano (MI), Italy |
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Along-tract statistical extraction of quantitative diffusion metrics is crucial to unravel the variability of these parameters within white matter fiber bundles. Here for the first time we extracted NODDI-derived microstructural diffusion estimates along the main eloquent fiber tracts in fifteen healthy subjects and in a pilot cohort of glioma patients. We constructed a robust reference database of normative along-tract microstructural values to describe the anatomical variability of NODDI metrics within tracts and to localize and quantify differences in pathological cases. Normal and pathological conditions can be statistically compared between-groups, as well as at the single-subject level. |
| 2700 | Computer 52
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Evaluation of Compressed SENSE in Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan, 3MR Clinical Science, Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Advanced Diagnostic Imaging, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan |
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) is reportedly useful for the early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. However, the imaging time for QSM is very long because of the additional acquisition of 3D FFE; compressed SENSE (C-SENSE) could resolve this problem. The susceptibility values of the putamen, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, substantia nigra, and nucleus ruber in seven healthy volunteers were measured as well as evaluated using SENSE and C-SENSE QSM. The results suggest that good reproducibility and validity for C-SENSE QSM can be obtained when high factors are used. C-SENSE QSM can reduce acquisition time, and is therefore expected to be widely used in the clinical setting. |
| 2701 | Computer 53
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A Surface-Constrained Dynamic Elasticity Model for Deformable Registration of Infant Brain MRI |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States |
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Spatial registration of infant brain images is challenging owing to significant changes in image appearance in association with rapid growth in the first year of life. In this abstract, we introduce a volumetric registration method that is constrained by cortical correspondences for consistent cortical and sub-cortical alignment. |
| 2702 | Computer 54
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Robust, Atlas-Free, Automatic Segmentation of Brain MRI in Health and Disease |
1NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Inati Analytics, Potomac, MD, United States |
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An atlas-free, brain-segmentation algorithm that uses derivative-based features and logistic regression classifier was optimized and tested on images of healthy volunteers and individuals clinically diagnosed with a variety of neuroimmunological diseases.The algorithm was trained to classify gray and white matter, CSF, globus pallidus, white matter lesions, and “other” tissue classes from all the images routinely acquired at our center. The algorithm achieved highly accurate brain segmentations and outperformed widely used techniques for brain segmentation and lesion detection. The algorithm has been found to be versatile in brain segmentation using images acquired at other collaborator sites. |
| 2703 | Computer 55
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Effect of fitting models and its error analysis in GRE based MWI |
1Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Yonsei university, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The MWF fitting through the GRE sequence was performed in various models to determine which model is effective. Models such as magnitude 2-, 3-pool, complex 2-, and 3-pool modeling were used. |
| 2704 | Computer 56
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Deep learning-based diffusion method alleviates spurious group differences due to head motion |
1Center for Brain Imaging Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrumental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Instrument Science & Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 3Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Head motion occurring during the acquisition of diffusion-weighted (DW) images will cause deterioration in quality of diffusion model reconstruction, which could lead to spurious group differences of DW measures when there is difference in head motion for different groups. We have previously developed a method for robust diffusion kurtosis mapping of motion-contaminated data. In this study, we applied it in a group level, and the results demonstrated its ability in ameliorating spurious group differences due to head motion. The method can be applied to data with different motion level thus improving the utilization and statistic power of some valuable but motion-corrupted DW data. |
| 2705 | Computer 57
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ExploreASL: a collaborative effort to process and explore multi-center ASL data |
1Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Dresden, Germany, 3Schlegel-UW Research Institute for Aging, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, 4University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 5University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 6Institute of Psychology, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 7Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium, 8University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand, 9Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 10Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 11University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, 12Mevis Fraunhofer, Bremen, Germany, 13University College London, London, United Kingdom, 14Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 15Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 16Kings College London, London, United Kingdom, 17Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) has undergone significant development since its inception; yet, standardized images processing procedures remain elusive. We present ExploreASL, a robust open source ASL image processing pipeline for clinical studies. Initiated through the European COST action ASL network, this joint effort provides integration and analysis of both single- and multi-center datasets across different operating systems. ExploreASL is optimized for both native- and standard-space analyses, and provides visual and automatic quality control on all intermediate and final images, allowing exploration of ASL datasets from multiple perspectives. |
| 2706 | Computer 58
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Artificial Observer and Cost Function for Image Registration, MARLINA: Mean Absolute Regional LINear correlation Algorithm |
1Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, United States, 4Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Upon visual inspection of intra-subject rigid body registrations in large studies, we have observed higher than desired rate of unsatisfactory alignments. To address misregistartions, we designed a battery of 13 candidate transformations, one of which was selected as best during visual inspection. Tediousness of the inspections stimulated development of artificial observer to aid and subsequently to replace the human inspector. Here, we describe artificial observer MARLINA, characterize its ability to identify the best rigid body transformation as compared to human inspectors and propose it as a future cost function. |
| 2707 | Computer 59
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A novel DWI-based thalamus segmentation method using Constrained Spherical Deconvolution |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 3Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurosurgery Brain Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Existing methods to segment the thalamus via diffusion weighted MRI are inhibited by several factors. The largely gray matter composition of the thalamus makes the local diffusion activity indistinct and some of the more successful DWI-based methods require time consuming and computationally expensive cortical parcellation for thalamus masking. This study addresses these limitations by using multi-tissue constrained spherical deconvolution to isolate desired diffusion activity and a novel template based technique for thalamus masking. Segmentation outputs are evaluated and we conclude with a discussion of the method’s advantages over existing techniques. |
| 2708 | Computer 60
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A comparison of structural and diffusion-based MRI thalamus segmentation methods |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Neurosurgery Brain Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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Automatic thalamus segmentation is a field of study with rapidly evolving applications. Both structural and diffusion weighted MRI can be used to drive parcellations of thalamus nuclei. In this study we present a comparison of leading structural and DWI-based segmentation techniques as implemented on a common set of subject datasets. Results for each are compared, both against an established anatomical atlas and each other. Spatial consistency of nuclei are examined in common template space. Finally, strengths and weaknesses of both techniques are discussed. |
| 2709 | Computer 61
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Comparison of Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery from MPRAGE and MP2RAGE |
1Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In this work, we obtained phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) signal from MPRAGE and MP2RAGE sequences. Both PSIR images have better image contrast than magnitude images. The PSIR from MPRAGE requires shorter acquisition time, however, PSIR from MP2RAGE provides better contrast and has no $$$B_1$$$ field inhomogeneity effect. Selection of which PSIR technique to use may depend on study aims. |
| 2710 | Computer 62
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Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery and T1 Mapping with Motion Correction |
1Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In this work, we propose a novel motion corrected Phase Sensitive Inversion Recovery (PSIR) method with integrated T1 mapping derived from MP2RAGE acquisition. Motion correction is achieved using PROMO (PROspective MOtion correction), as well as Optimal Weighted Average (OWA) combination of multichannel data. This proposed method will be useful in obtaining high quality T1 images for children and other subjects who are prone to move during scans. |
| 2711 | Computer 63
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Towards Validating Structural Connectivity in the Human Language System: an Intraoperative Cortico-Cortical Stimulation Experiment |
1INRIA Sophia Antipolis-Méditerranée, Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France, 2Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France, 3Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 4INRIA, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France |
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We validate
structural connectivity measures based on diffusion MRI with Electrical Stimulation (ES) of the human brain
cortex. For this, we combine white matter fiber tractography with
propagation of Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potentials (CCEPs) induced by
intrasurgical ES in the language system of brain tumor patients. Our
results show high correlation (Pearson's coefficient 0.5-0.9) between
delays of CCEPs and pathways connecting stimulation sites with
recording electrodes. Our approach outperforms
earlier study based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging. This potentially indicates that probabilistic tractography is an effective
tool to quantify cortico-cortical communication non-invasively. |
| 2712 | Computer 64
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Assessment of cerebral venous outflow rates with 4D arterial spin labeling vessel-selective angiography |
1Facing Faces Institute/CHIMERE EA 7516, University of Picardy, Amiens, France, 2Radiology Department, University Hospital of Picardy, Amiens, France, 3Medical Image Processing Department, University Hospital of Picardy, Amiens, France |
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4D arterial spin labeling (ASL) angiography has gained attention in the diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility for estimating blood flow rates of the cerebral drainage system using data obtained by a 4D ASL angiography sequence. Data of a 4D ASL angiography acquisition provided comparable flow measurements to those of a standard 2D phase-contrast MR imaging sequence in 12 subjects. We demonstrated that both detailed morphological information and flows rates can be obtained by using a single 4D ASL angiography acquisition. |
| 2713 | Computer 65
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Toblerone: partial volume estimation on the cortical ribbon |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States |
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Toblerone is a new method for estimating partial volumes on the cortical ribbon using surfaces as input (eg those produced by FreeSurfer). Evaluation has been performed using both simulations and subjects drawn from the Human Connectome Project. The estimates returned differ from those produced by existing tools such as FSL's FAST, which will have implications for the analysis of functional imaging data (notably ASL). A preliminary analysis of an ASL dataset has been performed using Toblerone's PV estimates. |
| 2714 | Computer 66
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Automatic segmentation of thalamic nuclei using multiple imaging modalities at ultrahigh field |
1Translational & Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Segmenting gray matter structures within the thalamus is complicated by poor inherent T1/T2 contrast. Most existing approaches focus on clustering diffusion data including fiber orientation and short & long distance diffusion directions. We propose a hybrid approach incorporating diffusion data with a recently-developed high T1 contrast imaging sequence known as FGATIR. The proposed algorithm clusters on spatial position, fiber orientation distribution coefficients and anatomical contrast to provide robust, yet fast and fully-automatic segmentation of the thalamic nuclei showing strong agreement to manual segmentation performed by a neuroradiologist. Reliable thalamic nuclei segmentation could facilitate targeted therapies like deep brain stimulation. |
| 2715 | Computer 67
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Automatic segmentation of deep grey matter structures for iron quantification |
1Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Magnetic Resonance Innovations Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States |
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is a promising iron quantification method for assessing subcortical deep gray matter (SGM) in various neurodegenerative diseases. The accuracy of the measurement depends largely on the accuracy of the structural segmentation. Manually drawn regions-of-interest from a well-trained specialist are often the best but are very time-consuming. In this work, we propose an automatic segmentation method for DGM iron quantification by taking advantage of a hybrid image approach combining T1W images and QSM data. Preliminary results on 5 stroke patients presented an overall 77.8±5.8% Dice coefficient compared to the manually drawn ground truth. The measured susceptibility of the DGM showed good agreement between both methods. |
| 2716 | Computer 68
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A Simple Homogeneity Correction for Neuroimaging at 7T |
1High Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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A wide range of MR sequences produce inhomogeneous magnitude images due to the coil sensitivity variation over the head, which is especially severe for ultra-high field strengths. The optimum solution would be a homogeneous reference coil, which however is not possible at 7T due to the shorter wavelength. To date, correction methods require a very long computation time rendering them impractical for on-console imaging. We propose a new magnitude inhomogeneity correction approach, which is based on simplified segmentation and fast interpolation to estimate the bias field. The resulting images show high homogeneity across all three dimensions without any visible artifacts. |
| 2717 | Computer 69
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Exploiting MPRAGE phase to improve Globus Pallidus segmentation |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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A Quantitative Susceptibility Map can be generated from MPRAGE phase and used to improve Globus Pallidus segmentation. This proposal does not require an additional GRE scan and thus saves time and minimizes possible motion and intermodal registration/interpolation related errors. |
| 2718 | Computer 70
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Quantitative measurements of three-dimensional vessel tortuosity for cerebrovascular risk assessment: A pilot study |
1Clinical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Knowledge of intracranial vessel morphology may be important in predicting the risk of acute ischemic stroke. The three-dimensional nature of the vessels would make it challenging to measure vessels' segmental lengths, unless a software tool dedicated to the purpose is available. The goal of this study is to develop a customized graphical user interface that facilitates users' measurement of intracranial vessel tortuosity in an easy and interactive manner. Using the proposed tool, vessel branch lengths and vessel tortuosity data were collected from 11 proximal vessel segments (e.g., middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery) of 532 subjects. |
| 2719 | Computer 71
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Quantitative Analysis of Punctate White Matter Lesions Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and R2* Relaxation |
1Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 2UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Objectives: Our aim was to distinguish PWMLs and focal hemorrhage lesions using quantitative measures. Materials and Methods: In the current study, we acquired multi-echo gradient echo MRI data in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and post-processed them as R2* relaxation maps and quantitative susceptibility maps (QSM). Manually drawing regions of interest (ROIs) on R2* maps, we measured R2* and susceptibility values of the lesions. Results: We found that R2* and susceptibility values are significantly increased in focal hemorrhage lesions, compared to PWMLs. Conclusions: R2* and QSM can be used to help clinicians distinguish and measure these lesions. |
| 2720 | Computer 72
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Reproducibility of SIENAX volumetric outputs over intra-session, inter-session and inter-scanner acquisitions |
1QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain |
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Automatic tissue segmentation tools are common in the neuroimaging field. Evaluating their reliability is necessary to validate the findings of studies that use these tools. We conducted a reliability analysis for SIENAX in a test-retest dataset and a multi-site dataset. The results were analysed and compared with other automatic segmentation tools. The volumetric outputs of SIENAX show low coefficients of variance for the test-retest dataset in both grey matter (1.11%) and white matter (0.69%). In the multi-site data the results were to 3.95% and 6.47% respectively, suggesting a possible need for data harmonization in multi-site studies. |
| 2721
|
Computer 73
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Comparison of Gradient Echo and Gradient Echo Sampling of Spin Echo Sequence for the Quantification of the Oxygen Extraction Fraction by Combining Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping and Blood Oxygenation Level Dependency |
1Computer Assisted Clincial Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China |
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The oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is a promising biomarker for cerebral tissue vitality. Combining quantitative blood oxygenation level-dependent (qBOLD) modelling and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) from gradient echo (GRE) data revealed promising results but still suffered from biases in white matter and required good parameter initialization. We showed that using an additional gradient echo sampling of spin echo (GESSE) sequence enables OEF reconstruction with higher accuracy, precision and robustness to parameter initialization in simulation. Yet, this increased robustness did still not allow for parameter initialization without prior knowledge of local distributions in vivo, which lead to a non-physiological gray-white matter contrast in the OEF. |
| 2722 | Computer 74
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Direct reconstruction of arterial blood flow (aBF) from undersampled golden-angle radial non-contrast enhanced dynamic 4D MR angiography |
1Laboratory of Functional MRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Quantification of hemodynamics benefits clinical diagnosis. Non-contrast enhanced MRA with golden-angle radial acquisition has capability of characterization of dynamic flow with high spatiotemporal resolution within a short scan time. Here, we proposed a direct reconstruction framework of arterial blood flow (aBF) from undersampled radial dMRA K-t space data, which mitigated streaking artifacts induced by image-based reconstruction. Both simulation and experimental data suggested that direct optimization method provides reliable aBF under different undersampling rates while preserving detailed delineation of vascular structures, compared to the conventional post-processing singular value decomposition (SVD) method. |
| 2723 | Computer 75
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Ultra-fast EPI sampling of pulsatile flow waveforms in cerebral arteries via retrospective binning of k-space lines |
1CUBRIC, School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Camberly, United Kingdom, 4CUBRIC, School of Engineering, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Flow related signal enhancement in ultra-fast EPI allows imaging of cardiac pulsatile blood flow profiles in cerebral arteries. We present a novel method that uses retrospective binning of k-space lines to make cardiac phase ‘composite’ k-space planes, from which pulsatile waveforms can be reconstructed with extremely high temporal resolution (~2ms). We demonstrate the proof-of-principle for obtaining pulse wave velocity measures in cerebral arteries, paving the way for mapping quantitative arterial stiffness measures across the brain. |
| 2724 | Computer 76
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Data-driven regularized inversion (DRI) for improved QSM+qBOLD based CMRO2 Mapping: a feasibility study in healthy subjects and ischemic stroke patients |
1Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China, 3Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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We propose the use of machine-learning to improve the accuracy of a QSM+qBOLD model based Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) mapping. The proposed method, data-driven regularized inversion or DRI, significantly outperformed, in simulation, the current method at all SNR levels. In n=11 healthy subjects, uniform OEF maps were obtained as expected. In n=18 ischemic stroke patients, low OEF regions were clearly located within the lesion region as defined by DWI. |
| 2725 | Computer 77
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The effect of scan length on the assessment of perfusion using BOLD delay in ischemic stroke |
1Center for Stroke Research, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Institute of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 3Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany, 4Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 5Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Free University, Berlin, Germany, 6Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain, Leipzig, Germany, 7School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany |
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Hypoperfusion in acute stroke can be detected without exogenous contrast agents using BOLD delay. However the effect of scan duration on assessing perfusion using this method hasn’t been systematically evaluated. This study researched the effect of different scan lengths on diagnostic accuracy and image quality of BOLD delay maps while accounting for head motion. Our results revealed that scan time can be reduced to 3 min and 24 sec without compromising diagnostic power and image quality. However, lesion volumes were robust down to a scan length of 1 min and 8 sec. |
| 2726 | Computer 78
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Cerebral Venous Blood Volume Estimation Using Velocity-Selective Spin Labeling Prepared Single-Slab Three-Dimensional Turbo Spin Echo Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Venous CBV (CBVv) is of relevance to brain oxygenation level changes during functional activation. To date, MRI techniques for CBVv mapping fall into two categories, based on a 1) quantitative BOLD (qBOLD) model of extravascular signals, and 2) hyperoxic stimulus induced changes in intravascular signal. However, in the former estimation accuracy is impaired due to mutual coupling between CBVv and Yv in the model, while the latter suffers from the complexities in both experiments and estimation involving multiple parameters. Here, we propose velocity-selective spin labeling prepared single-slab 3D TSE imaging for straightforward derivation of CBVv maps in the whole brain. Results from three subjects show plausible values of CBVv estimates in the range of 1.9 - 3.3 % and 1.1 - 2.1 % for gray and white matter, respectively. |
| 2727 | Computer 79
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Intrinsic vulnerability of low blood flow watershed to white matter hyperintensities in cerebral small vessel disease |
1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a major neuroradiological feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), have a characteristic spatial distribution in the deep white matter and periventricular regions. In this study, we demonstrated a striking spatial overlap between WMH lesion hot spots and the watershed region, defined by a nadir in CBF within the white matter, suggesting that watershed is a region with intrinsic vulnerability to CSVD-related injury. |
| 2728 | Computer 80
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Focal corticospinal tract volume loss following stroke characterized by diffusion tensor based morphometry (D-TBM) |
1Quantitative Medical Imaging Section, NIBIB,NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Georgetown University, Washington D.C, DC, United States, 4Georgetown University and MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington D.C, DC, United States, 5NICHD,NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Use of a diffusion tensor-based registration method to compare different scans within each subject and to map the results into a population template that can ultimately be used to stratify patients with different motor recovery outcome in stroke. |
| 2729 | Computer 81
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Evaluation clinical outcome using mismatch between baseline mean diffusion and kurtosis MRI in focal ischemic stroke |
1Shaanxi Provincial People`s Hospital, xi`an, China, 2Clinical science, Philips Healthcare China, Beijin, China |
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To observe the cerebral microstructural alterations after focal ischemic stroke by using DKI and assess whether patients are likely to benefit from treated with intravenous tPA at onset of stroke when mean diffusion and kurtosis MRI mismatchs. 58 patients were enrolled. AK, RK and MK values were increased in ischemic lesions, which indicate heterogeneity and complexity of microstructural tissues at onset of stroke. MD-AK mismatch patients? recovered reasonably well with intravenous tPA at onset of stroke, whereas MD-AK mismatch patients without intravenous tPA and coincidence MD-AK of lesions volume showed poor recovery. MD-AK mismatch could be used to identify patients from baseline DKI who are likely to benefit from intravenous thrombolysis at onset of stroke. |
| 2730 | Computer 82
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Using Vascular Territories to Predict Disconnection Profiles in Post-Stroke Aphasia |
1Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Quantitative Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Bioxydyn Ltd., Rutherford House, Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Damage sustained to the brain post-stroke appears random but it may be constrained by the underlying neurovasculature; brain regions supplied by the occluded arterial branch will be affected. Combinations of vascular territories were matched to lesions from 62 post-stroke patients. Anatomical connectivity mapping, a measure of whole-brain connectivity, was used to estimate disconnection in each patient through summing disconnection associated with the territories which best matched their lesion. This novel methodology demonstrated that disconnection following a left-hemispheric stroke can be explained by the underlying neurovasculature and may be of particular interest when no diffusion data is available in the patient. |
| 2731 | Computer 83
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Differential Middle Cerebral Artery Plaque Characteristics in Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and Ischemic Stroke: A High-Resolution MR Vessel Wall Imaging Study |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, los angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Neurology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical university, Beijing, China, 4Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical university, Beijing, China |
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This study is to compare the characteristics of intracranial plaques between TIA and stroke patients using VWI. Sixty-two patients (31 TIA and 31 stroke) with MCA stenosis were enrolled in the study. Routine brain MRI, TOF-MRA, pre and post- contrast VWI were performed on each patient. Morphological features of the culprit plaque were compared between the two groups. TIA group had a lower occurrence of hyperintensity plaque, plaque surface irregularity and enhancement grade, those features showed no statistically significant differences and also the degree of stenosis and RI. VWI is useful modality for assessing the intracranial plaques in TIA patients. |
| 2732 | Computer 84
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Diffusion lesion segmentation with deep learning in acute ischemic stroke: A combined use of DWI and ADC |
1Clinical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Conventional deep learning methods for cerebral infarct segmentation rely on diffusion weighted images (DWI) only. Meanwhile, traditional cerebral diffusion lesion segmentation is typically based on a fixed apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) threshold. It may be worthwhile to combine DWI and ADC images and use them as input for model training. The objective of this study is to develop a deep-learning segmentation model that takes DWI and ADC as input and produces a segmentation map as output and evaluate its performance. |
| 2733 | Computer 85
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Neurodegeneration of the substantia nigra after ipsilateral infarct: quantification with MRI R2* mapping and relationship to clinical outcome |
1Neuroimaging Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France, 2INSERM U1215, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 3Neuroimaging Dept., Lille University hospital, Lille, France, 4Division of MRI research, Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5USMR Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France, 6Neurology Dept., Bordeaux University hospital, Bordeaux, France |
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We tested whether long-term neurodegeneration of substantia nigra (SN) secondary to disconnection by supra-tentorial infarcts can be quantified with iron-sensitive imaging and contributes to clinical outcome. 181 stroke patients (75 striatum infarcts, 106 other locations) were prospectively evaluated at 24-to-72h and at one-year clinically and with MRI to quantify iron through R2*. We showed a delayed increase of R2* within SN that was strongly and independently associated with infarct location along known anatomic projections from SN. Such increase of R2* was an independent contributor of poor motor outcome. Iron-sensitive imaging can monitor neurodegeneration non-invasively within SN and potentially other areas. |
| 2734 | Computer 86
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Remote Effect of Ischemic Stroke: Anatomical Specification of Oxygenation Alteration Investigated by Voxel Based R2' Quantification |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China |
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Ischemic stroke (IS) may induce oxygenation alterations in brain regions remote to the lesion. Remote effect of IS in terms of oxygen metabolism was evaluated based on the voxel wise R2' quantification for subjects with first ever single lesioned IS in corona radiata (CR) (n=10) and brainstem (n=6) using R2' of the superior sagittal sinus as the reference. Both CR and brainstem IS groups showed significant changes of R2' in distributed brain regions with anatomical specifications, suggesting that IS rather represents a spectrum of pathophysiological events of hemodynamic and metabolic impairments at the global level than a focal vascular failure. |
| 2735 | Computer 87
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Age Specific Differences in Association Between White Matter Cerebral Blood Flow and Ischemic Lesion Severity |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China |
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White matter lesion (WML), one of the sequelae of cerebral hypoperfusion, accumulates with age. This study sought to investigate the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and WML severity with age in asymptomatic adults. We found that WML scores were strongly associated with WM CBF, suggesting that WM CBF might be an effective indicator for severity of WMLs. We also found that the WM CBF increased with age, consistent with the greater WM cerebrovascular reactivity response in elderly individuals. In addition, our findings of ascending WM CBF cut-off values revealed that the risk of developing WML increases with age. |
| 2736 | Computer 88
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The value of different plaque indicators in predicting stroke |
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China, 4Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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Emerging evidence suggests that the characteristics of intracranial plaques detected by high-resolution vessel wall imaging may serve as an important in-vivo biomarker for predicting ischemic stroke. Different indicators have been introduced to depict plaque features, such as remodeling index, contrast enhancement, and stenosis rate. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the diagnostic performance of these indicators by a quantitative comparison between ischemic stroke patients and transient-ischemic-attack patients. Our results indicated that the remodeling index may have a predictive power similar to contrast enhancement while stenosis rate was a poor predictor. |
| 2737 | Computer 89
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The optimization of single-shot FLAIR for motion artifact reduction and scan time reduction in stroke imaging: A Comparative Analysis with Conventional FLAIR |
1Radiology, Chiba university hospital, Chiba city, Japan, 2Radiology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Togane city, Japan, 3Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa university, Kanazawa, Japan, 4Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba city, Japan |
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For stroke imaging, motion correction and scan time reduction are essential. We optimized the single-shot FLAIR sequence and implemented it into our stroke MR protocol. 48 patients suspected of stroke were retrospectively involved, and board-certified radiologists evaluated the images of our modified-single-shot FLAIR and conventional FLAIR at the terms of degree of motion artifact, image quality, delineation of hyperintense vessel and contribution for diagnosis. Motion artifact was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) and scan time was decreased by 40% in single-shot FLAIR. Hyperintense vessels were equally detected in both the sequences. Radiologists considered modified-single-shot FLAIR more useful for diagnosis. |
| 2738 | Computer 90
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Quantitative assessment of cerebrovascular structure after carotid revascularization using intraCranial Artery Feature Extraction (iCafe) Technique |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, United States, 4Surgery, University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ, United States, 5Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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The aim is to evaluate the change in intracranial arterial vasculature after carotid revascularization using an intracranial feature extraction (iCafe) technique for quantitative analysis of intracranial arteries from 3D time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF MRA). Twenty subjects who received carotid revascularization were enrolled and all patients underwent MRA scans three times: before, within 3 days after, and six months after revascularization. The dataset was processed blindly by 4 reviewers using iCafe. Length and volume of intracranial artery and number of intracranial artery branches increased after surgery. This result suggested increased cerebral blood flow after carotid revascularization. |
| 2739 | Computer 91
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Crossed cerebellar diaschisis characterization with BOLD-fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity and T2*-perfusion MRI |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Crossed cerebellar diaschisis (CCD) in stroke patients has been associated with worse neurological performance and outcome, but clinical routine CCD imaging is limited. We therefore tested the diagnostic value of blood oxygenation-level dependent cerebrovascular reactivity (BOLD-CVR) and T2* perfusion weighted-MRI in patients with unilateral symptomatic cerebrovascular steno-occlusive disease exhibiting crossed cerebellar diaschisis. Secondly, we assessed the clinical significance of a CCD diagnosis based on BOLD-CVR imaging. BOLD-CVR is a valid clinical diagnostic tool for CCD, whereas perfusion MRI derived parameters were shown to be unsuitable. Furthermore, stroke patients exhibiting CCD showed a worse neurological performance and outcome, unrelated to stroke volume. |
| 2740 | Computer 92
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Negative BOLD cerebrovascular reactivity in stroke patients: a sign of misery perfusion of the affected hemisphere |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Subjects with hemodynamic failure stage 2 (i.e. misery-perfusion) have heightened risk of acute and chronic brain tissue damage. One of the most important signs of misery-perfusion is a negative cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). CVR is defined as a blood flow response to a vasoactive stimulus. Recently blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) CVR was proposed to detect misery-perfusion. However, BOLD-CVR MRI signal does not reflect CBF changes directly and discrepancies between negative BOLD-CVR and negative CBF changes have been reported. To better assess these discrepancies, we performed a multimodal clinical misery-perfusion assessment with perfusion-weighted-MRI and transcranial-Doppler complimentary to BOLD-CVR in patients with symptomatic steno-occlusive disease. |
| 2741 | Computer 93
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Ipsilateral Thalamic Diaschisis in Stroke Patients |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Presence of ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis in stroke patients, detected using BOLD-CVR, is characterized by thalamic volume reduction, reduced thalamic blood flow, and worse stroke severity scores at admission as well as 3 months follow-up. This finding suggests that ipsilateral thalamic diaschisis may be an important clinical imaging marker in stroke patients. |
| 2742 | Computer 94
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Absolute quantitative dynamic susceptibility contrast cerebral perfusion imaging using the Self-Calibrated EPI sequence in patients with ischemic stroke |
1Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China, 4Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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This study aims to explore the clinical value of the absolute quantitative dynamic susceptibility contrast cerebral perfusion-weighted imaging using Self-Calibrated EPI sequence (SCALE-PWI) in patients with ischemic stroke. SCALE-PWI could provide reliable quantitative measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume and mean transit time in a quite short scan time of 2:14 mins. Results suggest the CBF values in infarct core are significantly lower than the values in ischemic penumbra. In conclusion, the SCALE-PWI could provide quantitative hemodynamic information in a quite short scan time, thus may serve as a guide for tissue-based decision making and personalized treatment planning in acute stroke. |
| 2743 | Computer 95
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Disrupted structural brain network configuration in patients with post-stroke depression |
1Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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To better understand the underlying mechanisms for a wide range of emotional disturbances in post-stroke depression (PSD) patients, we used structural brain connectivity analysis to investigate the differences in global and local network organization of stroke patients with PSD and no PSD. Our results demonstrated that the efficiency of both local and regional network of patients with PSD were higher compared to those without, and that higher depression severity was significantly associated with increased network efficiency. These results indicated that the disrupted network architecture might be the cause of depressive symptoms in PSD patients, and brain network analysis is a useful tool to link psychological disorders with their underlying anatomical substrate. |
| 2744 | Computer 96
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Evaluation of physiotherapy induced changes in post-stroke recovery using MRI |
1Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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This study has evaluated the role of MRI in determining physiotherapy-induced changes in post-stroke recovery in 21 first-ever ischemic patients. Physiotherapy was given as intervention for 45 minutes every day for consecutive 6 months. Pre- and post- (3, 6 months) intervention assessment involved NIHSS, mRS and MRI studies (3T MR scanner). MRI studies included 3D-T1, 3D-FLAIR, DWI, and fMRI (motor task). Preliminary findings showed individual patients’ positive response to physiotherapy reflected in the NIHSS and mRS scores, and in the recovery of fMRI activation in the affected motor cortex post-intervention and other MR markers. |
| 2745 | Computer 97
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Use of NODDI for Microstructural Characterization of Posterior Limb of the Internal Capsule in Subacute and Chronic Stroke Patients |
1Istituto di Bioimmagini e Fisiologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate, Italy, 2Istituto di Neuroscienze, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy, 3Laboratory of Brain Pathology and Pharmacology and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 4Neuroradiology Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 5Stroke Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy, 6Neurorehabilitation Unit and Neuro Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy |
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This preliminary work shows that NODDI, supplementing the classical DTI approach, could provide a new insight into the subtle micro-architectural modifications occurring in the posterior limb of the internal capsule of 10 stroke patients in subacute and chronic phase. |
| 2746 | Computer 98
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Ischemic Stroke Imaging and Outcomes: Differences between Sexes |
1Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School at University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, United States |
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Stroke is a treatable disease and neuroimaging can identify salvageable tissue, directly impacting treatment decisions. Women experience stroke differently than men with higher severity, worse outcomes, and varying therapeutic response. We examined the contribution of sex and age to stroke outcome with emphasis on therapeutic targets on MRI. MR images were evaluated for predictive imaging factors. A 90-day mRS was obtained to assess functional independence. Women present more often with treatable ischemic stroke than men as defined by MR imaging factors. Sex modulates the age-dependent stroke outcome but upon stratification for treatment, difference in outcome favoring men was not observed. |
| 2747 | Computer 99
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A study of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in ischemic stroke |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) can quantitatively evaluate specific microstructural changes in terms of neurite density and orientation distribution of axons and dendrites. In the study, we attempt to demonstrate the feasibility of NODDI in characterizing the microstructural alterations in brain tissues during ischemic stroke and to compare its sensitivity with diffusion tensor imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging. Results demonstrated that NODDI is a potential technique for quantitatively evaluating ischemic stroke and showed higher sensitivity compared with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). |
| 2748 | Computer 100
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Stroke atlas of the brain: A voxel-wise density-based clustering of infarct lesion topographic distribution |
1Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Sollentuna, Sweden, 2Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden, 4University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Viterbi School, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, Kek School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Neurology USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicin, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 8Yale Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States |
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In stroke patients, both infarct volume and location affect functional outcome; however, infarct topography is far less commonly incorporated in prognostic models, given the complexity of assessing infarct topographic distribution. In this study, we applied data-driven density clustering analysis, using the OPTICS algorithm, on 793 infarct lesions from 438 stroke patients to devise a “stroke-atlas of the brain” stratifying brain voxels likely to infarct together. This atlas can help with differentiation of infarct lesions in clinical practice, assess topographic distribution of infarct in prognostic models for stroke patients, or be applied for defining regional infarct thresholds in CT/MR perfusion maps. |
| 2749 | Computer 101
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Myelin-associated clinical and physical correlates in a cohort of chronic schizophrenia patients. |
1Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada, 5Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University Of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 8Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Aberrant myelination and tandem cardiovascular deficits may contribute to emergence of the schizophrenias. To explore this hypothesis, a pilot study of Myelin Water Fraction (MWF), V02max capacity, and symptom severity was done in 15 chronic schizophrenia/schizoaffective patients. MWF was positively correlated with age in some, but not all, fronto-medial and fronto-temporal regions, 2. V02max was positively correlated with MWF the superior longitudinal fasciculus, the genu, and the forceps minor, and 3. Social functioning was positively correlated to MWF in the forceps major. These data indicate the presence of relationships between MWF measures, social functioning and cardiovascular capacity in schizophrenia. |
| 2750 | Computer 102
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Contribution and Interaction of Brain Structure and Function in Treatment Response Prediction of First-episode Drug-naïve Schizophrenia |
1Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Institution of Psychology, CAS, Beijing, China |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) including structural and functional neuroimaging has been applied extensively to examine response to antipsychotic treatment, however, questions remain regarding the interaction between these measurements and their unique role. Our study provided a comprehensive examination of interaction and contribution for voxel-wise measurements related with treatment response. We found that brain functional measurements in certain brain regions have advantages in predicting treatment response. Furthermore, the functional activities were different between short- and long-term treatment of antipsychotic drugs. These findings revealed that functional changes were more sensitive to the antipsychotic treatment and could be promising biomarkers in treatment prediction. |
| 2751 | Computer 103
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Heterogeneity of brain structure alterations in patients with never-treated first episode schizophrenia |
1West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Although schizophrenia is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome, one important question that remains largely unanswered is whether the complex and subtle deficits revealed by MRI could be used as objective biomarkers to resolve neurobiological heterogeneity within this disorder. Using clustering analysis and structural MRI, first-episode schizophrenia patients were classified into three subtypes. The three subtypes of patients showed different morphological alterations. |
| 2752 | Computer 104
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Source-based Laterality of Grey Matter in Schizophrenia |
1Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, Neurosciences, Psychiatry, Biology, and Computer Science, Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States |
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Altered brain laterality is frequently reported in morphological brain studies of individuals with schizophrenia. However, these studies utilize voxel/vertex-wise univariate methods which may not be optimal for examining brain laterality. We introduce a novel multivariate approach to estimate covarying lateralized networks. In our approach, lateralized grey matter maps were computed by subtracting volumetric data one hemisphere from the other, and analyzed via independent component analysis (ICA), followed by testing loading parameters from components identifying covariation within laterality networks. Results display significant relationships with temporal lobe and cerebellar laterality and negative symptoms of schizophrenia that warrant further exploration with multimodal analyses. |
| 2753 | Computer 105
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White matter microstructural changes in schizophrenia: A study using normative-model-based statistical analysis |
1Institute of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Institute of Medical Device and Image, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 4AcroViz Technology Inc., Taipei, Taiwan, 5Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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White matter microstructural changes have been found in schizophrenia but the effects of gender and age on these changes remains entangled. This study aimed to quantify the white matter changes in 158 schizophrenia patients using a novel approach which calculated the z scores based on the normative models built from 524 healthy subjects across lifespan. Our results showed that twelve tracts had significant differences between schizophrenia patients and controls. |
| 2754 | Computer 106
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Gray matter network changes with aging and duration in a large group of never-treated patients with schizophrenia. |
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University., Chengdu, China, 2West China Hospital, Sichuan University., Chengdu, China |
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A large group of never-treated schizophrenia patient was enrolled to investigate the pattern of network changes with aging and illness duration. Cortical thickness preprocessed by FreeSurfer, and correlation matrix was constructed by correlating the cortical thickness of every pair of regions. Compared to healthy controls, all patient subgroups stratified along age and illness duration showed common changes while distinct changes, mainly involved DMN and CN. The alternations within DMN and CN may represent trait-related structural network changes in schizophrenia, while distinct changes may represent illness progression with more-wide spread brain abnormalities. |
| 2755 | Computer 107
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Evaluation of structural brain modifications related to First Episode Psychosis |
1CIMeC, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto (TN), Italy, 2UOC of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI) of Verona, Verona, Italy, 3IRCCS “E. Medea” Scientific Institute, Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy, 4Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milano, Italy, 5Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 6Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, Italy, Verona, Italy, 7Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milano, Italy |
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Psychiatric disorders are characterized by a complex range of symptoms. Psychosis, known as one of the most severe mental illness, is still lacking specific neuroimaging markers complementing clinical information for early differential diagnostics, disease progression monitoring and treatment response evaluations. Most previous studies in the field considered psychotic patients undergoing chronic pharmacologic treatment or long duration of illness, which may confound morphometric or functional findings. Here we study a cohort of First Episode Psychosis (FEP) patients to investigated grey matter changes using structural MRI, in FEP relative to healthy controls, with univariate and multivariate analysis. |
| 2756 | Computer 108
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping MRI shows changes in dorsal striatum in patients with a first Episode of Psychosis compared to controls. |
1Departament Electrical Engineer, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 4Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 5Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 7Instituto Psiquiátrico Horwitz, Santiago de Chile, Chile |
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Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in psychosis. Neuromelanin is a by-product of the synthesis of dopamine. In First Episode of Psychosis (FEP) is reported the effect that causes dopamine and its relationship with neuromelanin. However, it has not been reported signal change due to accumulation of heavy metal using magnetic resonance imaging techniques. We found susceptibility changes in two areas of brain using QSM, the left subthalamic nucleus and right caudate. This finding might help to discriminate between FEP patients and healthy subjects. |
| 2757 | Computer 109
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Brain morphometric and cellular metabolic alterations in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder |
1National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) causes neural dysfunction associated with cognitive deficit and emotional dysregulation. To our knowledge, however, no one has applied the combined neuroimaging study of morphometric and metabolic brain abnormalities in patients with OCD. Therefore, this study assessed the associations of the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume alterations in conjunction with in vivo cellular metabolic changes in patients with OCD. Our findings will be helpful to aid us in the understanding of neurocognitive impairment in OCD, and thus, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy for OCD by additional information on the associated cerebral volume change and metabolic abnormality. |
| 2758 | Computer 110
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Amygdala dysfunction during negative emotional control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: an fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Ge Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology and Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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We investigated brain activation in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patient using thought-action fusion (TAF) task to assess the influence of OCD symptom on amygdala response to the task. Context-dependent psycho-physiological interaction (PPI) analysis of close condition showed decreased amygdala PPI with putamen in patients with OCD compared to healthy controls. |
| 2759 | Computer 111
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Alterations of structural anatomy and functional connectivity regarding hippocampus in obsessive–compulsive disorder |
1Huaxi MR Research Centre(HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Mental Health Center, Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Besides the classical cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, the hippocampus has received increasing attention in the psychopathology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We aimed to investigate the abnormalities of structural anatomy and functional connectivity (FC) regarding hippocampus in a relatively large sample of unmedicated OCD patients and explore the effects of onset age on these neural correlates. Our findings (i) identified significant volumetric reductions of right hippocampus in OCD; (ii) revealed abnormal cortico-hippocampal connectivity in the prefrontal-limbic networks of OCD and (iii) indicated distinct patterns of cerebral-hippocampal connectivity alterations in early-onset and late-onset OCD, which highlighted the potential importance of neurodevelopmental changes in OCD. |
| 2760
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Computer 112
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Abnormal Static and Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity Patterns in Patients with Obsessive-compulsive Disorder |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Centre (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Static and dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) analyses were applied to determine the abnormal connectivity patterns among the large-scale brain networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. We found that static FNC analysis showed more obvious group differences than dynamic FNC. Decreased functional connectivity between visual network and DMN has been shown in both static and dynamic FNC analysis, it could be considered as the most stable connectivity change of functional brain networks in OCD patients. These findings advocate the using of both static and dynamic FNC to help truly understanding the alterations of brain networks. |
| 2761 | Computer 113
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Medial temporal cortical changes in response to yoga and aerobic exercise interventions in early psychosis patients |
1Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, 3Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Early psychosis patients exhibit cortical reductions and poor cardiovascular health, which may be worsened by antipsychotic medication. Aerobic exercise and yoga may be able to remediate cortical loss and improve symptom severity. First-episode psychosis patients who completed a twelve-week exercise program showed increased cortical volume and thickness compared to waitlist controls with differential effects of aerobic exercise and yoga. Exercise-mediated changes in brain measures were associated with greater improvement in symptom severity scores. Both aerobic exercise and yoga may have neuroanatomical and clinical benefits for early psychosis patients and may be a safe, cost-effective adjunct treatment. |
| 2762 | Computer 114
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Acute and Chronic intranasal oxytocin differentially affect brain functional connectivity |
1Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive System, Istituto Italiano di tecnologia, Rovereto, Italy, 2Centro Interdipartimentale Mente/Cervello (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy |
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Intranasal oxytocin (OXT) administration has shown promise as a putative treatment for disorders characterized by social impairments. However, the brain-wide substrates engaged by this neuropeptide remain elusive. By using mouse fMRI, we show that the circuits engaged by intranasal OXT are differentially affected by the duration of OXT dosing. Specifically, acute OXT administration increases brain connectivity in key nodes of the social brain. By contrast, repeated dosing exacerbates inter-regional coupling and results in paradoxical social impairments in control “wild type” mice. These result have implications for clinical testing of OXT in control and pathological conditions. |
| 2763 | Computer 115
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Brain gray matter correlates of extraversion: A systematic review and meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Chengdu, China |
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Extraversion is a fundamental personality dimension closely related to individuals’ physical and mental health. Although increasing studies have attempted to identify the neurostructural markers of extraversion but have yielded inconsistent and heterogeneous results. The current study aims to reach a comprehensive understanding of brain gray matter (GM) correlates of extraversion by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Our review revealed a preliminary outline of the brain GM differences related to extraversion in distributed brain regions. Our meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies identified six core brain regions correlated with extraversion and revealed the potential effect of gender and age. |
| 2764 | Computer 116
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Alteration in negative emotional regulation associated with childhood abuse: fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Institute of Biomedical Engineering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5GE Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology and Molecular Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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We assessed negative emotional regulation in young adults who experienced childhood abuse. We investigated a relationship between psychological data and brain activation during emotion regulation task. The ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) showed significant correlation with the degree of childhood abuse in negative emotion task. |
| 2765 | Computer 117
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Inferior parietal lobule controls moral thought-action fusion: an fMRI study |
1Department of Medical & Biological Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Psychiatry, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 3Daegu Gyungpook Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 4Institue of Biomedical Engjneering Research, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 5GE Health Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea, Republic of |
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Thought-action fusion (TAF) could make people feel that action to happen1. We investigated the difference from control thinking and administration of electrical shocks to another person in healthy control with moral related TAF task by using fMRI. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) activation showed a negative correlation with |
| 2766 | Computer 118
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Sexual dimorphism in the young adult brain using magnetic resonance imaging: The effect of the field strengths |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 3Department of Radiology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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The existing reports regarding sexual dimorphism in brain structures are not confluent and generally heterogeneous. MRI instrument-related factor such as field strength is one of the greatest contributors to the brain quantification variability, but its effect on sexual dimorphism in brain structures remains unclear. In this study, we found that due to the image contrast differences arising from differences in field strengths, the sex dimorphism in brain morphology appears to exist dependent of field strengths. It suggests field strength should be considered as one important factor that contributes to the inconsistency in the sex dimorphism in brain across literatures. |
| 2767 | Computer 119
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Altered gray matter volume and the relationship with the psychiatric symptoms in methamphetamine use disorder individuals |
1Department of Radiology, Tangdu Hospital, the Air Force Medical University, Xian, China |
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The study used voxel-based morphological to explore the differences in gray matter volume and psychiatric symptoms of Self-reporting Inventory-90 between methamphetamine use disorders and healthy controls. It was found that many of the SCL-90 symptoms and the grey matter volume have changed in methamphetamine use disorder individuals. Meanwhile, the abnormal grey matter volume is associated with psychiatric symptoms. |
| 2768 | Computer 120
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Common gray matter atrophy in individuals with different behavioral addictions: a voxel-wise meta-analysis |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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In order to figure out the common structural alterations in behavioral addicts among various publications and to find a biomarker for future improvement of diagnostic category, we searched for voxel based morphometry studies compared between patients and healthy controls and pooled them together in a meta-analytic way by using AES-SDM. 22 studies comprising 5 different addictive behaviors were included. 576 patients showed GM reduction in the left ACC, right striatum and right SMA compared with 635 HCs. In summary, our findings revealed common GM decreases in frontostriatal circuitry, consistent with previous multimodal neuroimaging findings in addiction. |
| 2769 | Computer 121
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The diagnosis of Internet gaming disorder by MR imaging: A MRI based analysis |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain, Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, shanghai, China, 2Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology, Ren ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, shanghai, China |
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The internet gaming disorder has become one of the most serious healthy problem among teenagers, the questionnaire and scale are widely used to IGD diagnostic. However, the underlying neural mechanism of IGD was still unclear. Current study present an evidence that cerebral morphometric alteration could be used to identified IGD from normal, and may also help for further study about IGD. |
| 2770 | Computer 122
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Regional Cortical Thickness Changes and Neurocognitive Performance in Perinatally HIV-infected Youth |
1Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, United States, 3School of Nursing, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Infectious Disease-Pediatrics, Miller Children’s Hospital of Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States, 6Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 8Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine at University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 9Radiology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 10Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Despite effective viral suppression, youth with perinatal HIV (PHIVY) often demonstrate long-term cognitive deficits. We measured grey matter cortical thickness as a measure of brain structural integrity in 11 PHIVY receiving long term cART compared to 16 age-matched controls and assessed neurocognitive performance. The PHIVY group performed significantly worse than controls. Regions of significantly thinner and thicker cortex in PHIVY were observed which may contribute to these deficits in neurocognitive function. Cortical thickness in PHIVY was correlated with current CD4 count and neurocognitive performance. Our findings suggest the potential importance of continued monitoring of PHIVY. |
| 2771 | Computer 123
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Brain Microstructural Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder: A Voxel Based Morphometry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study |
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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Idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) has close relationship with neurodegenerative disorder. Many researches has validated that almost all of iRBD patients evolved into Parkinson’s disease, Lewy body dementia, or multiple system atrophy over time. However the pathogenesis of iRBD still remains unclear. In this research, VBM and voxel-based DTI analysis were combined to detect the microstructural abnormalities in the iRBD patients. A wide range of changes in brain structure in iRBD group was observed, which may reveal pathophysiologic mechanism on cognitive function disorder，which can be valuable for the early diagnosis and treatment of iRBD. |
| 2772 | Computer 124
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Altered white matter microstructure in anorexia nervosa: A voxel-based meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging |
1Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The neurobiological underpinnings of anorexia nervosa (AN) remain unclear. Altered white matter microarchitecture has been described, but findings are inconclusive. To investigate a statistical consensus among published DTI studies of altered white matter microarchitecture in AN, we conducted a quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis of fractional anisotropy using Seed-based d Mapping. The pooled results in AN showed robust reduction fractional anisotropy in the interhemispheric connections, frontal-subcortical circuitry and limbic association fibers. This study provides a thorough profile of WM microarchitecture alterations in patients with AN and these intrinsic alterations may aid in developing effective treatments in AN. |
| 2773 | Computer 126
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T1-rho in the aging brain: results from large-scale population imaging |
1German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany, 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Bonn, Germany |
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Within the Rhineland Study we investigated and report normative brain T1-rho values and their change over age, for a large cohort of 547 participants. Investigated regions were GM, WM, deep gray matter and selected white matter tracts. All investigated regions, except amygdala and accumbens, show a positive trend with age. Total scan time was under six minutes (whole brain), showing the feasibility to provide normative values for a wide range of brain regions in a reasonable amount of time. |
| 2774 | Computer 127
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Gender difference on cerebral blood flow in people aged over 80 years: A pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling study |
1Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, 2State Key laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of SciencesNeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, Beijing, China |
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This study focuses on cerebral blood flow(CBF) of the elderly over 80years old, with a large sample size. Different from the conclusions ofprevious studies, females brain perfusion CBF values are higher than males,in the whole brain and various brain lobes. |
| 2775 | Computer 128
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Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in the human hippocampal subfields using super-resolution HYDI |
1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 2Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 3University of Bordeaux, LaBRI, UMR 5800, PICTURA, F-33400 Talence, France, 4CNRS, LaBRI, UMR 5800, PICTURA, F-33400 Talence, France |
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The hippocampal atrophy is known to be the most validated biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease. Accordingly, in this study, we develop a method to enable the structural connectivity mapping through tractography of the hippocampal subfields using super-resolution diffusion data. |
| 2776 | Computer 129
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Differential Relationship of GABA and GLX in Dorsal vs. Ventral Prefrontal Cortex and Their Relationship To Age and Gender |
1Radiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Institute of Cognitive Science, Dept of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States |
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MRS was employed in two regionally distinct prefrontal voxels (dorsal and ventral) in 62 adult females and 119 adolescents (60 males, 59 females) to determine the variations of GABA and GLX concentrations with regional specificity, participant gender, and age. The results indicate that levels of prefrontal neurotransmitter concentrations are influenced by age. Furthermore, the results suggest that the relationship between neurotransmitter levels can vary for adjacent portions of cortex, being more highly correlated for the dorsal than ventral voxel. |
| 2777 | Computer 130
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T2*-weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and bulbar impairment |
1University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, 2Imago7, Pisa, Italy, 3Azienda Ospadaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy, 4Imago7 and IRCCS Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy |
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The T2* hypointensity of the primary motor cortex (M1), associated to an increase in iron deposits related to neuroinflammatory reaction and cortical microgliosis, has been suggested as possible MRI marker of upper motor neuron impairment in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study investigates the orofacial subregion of M1 (fM1) in 36 patients with ALS. The evaluation of T2* signal hypointensity and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) values in fM1 were related to patients’ bulbar functions (such as speech and swallowing) assessed clinically. Results demonstrate that QSM values were significantly higher in patients with bulbar dysfunction than in those without (p≤0.0001). |
| 2778 | Computer 131
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Different Cortical Thinning Pattern in Primary Motor Cortex Correspond to Clinical Characteristics of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Subtypes |
1Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging of the Second Hospital of Yulin, Yuling, China |
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Heterogeneity of motor phenotypes is a clinically well-recognized fundamental aspect of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).The body region of onset is one of independent primary attributes of ALS motor phenotype heterogeneity. In order to investigate the patterns of brain atrophy between ALS patients with bulbar and limb onset and analyse its correlation with clinical characteristics , cortical thickness analyses were performed. ALS Patients with limb onset revealed the majority of significant cortical thinning in the limb segment of the motor cortex, and patients with bulbar onset, in the bulbar segments. The findings suggest that neuroimaging could be a helpful objective measure to estimate of upper motor neuron loss. |
| 2779 | Computer 132
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Comparative Corticospinal Tract Relaxation and Diffusion MRI Measures in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
1Neuroradiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 2Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany, 3Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States |
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease that primarily affects the human primary motor system. Selective neurodegeneration leads to systemic functional motor decay. We aimed to understand the relationship between cortical degeneration and the desintegration of the related motor corticospinal tract (CST) by applying both Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and the multi-component driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT). We found early changes in diffusion and relaxation measures indicating WM tract degeneration secondary to cortical neurodegeneration. Besides the loss of structural integrity early alterations of the myelin characteristics indicate toward changes of its compositional condition instead of early myelin loss. |
| 2780 | Computer 133
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Fully-automatic quantitative susceptibility mapping of the precentral gyrus in motor neuron disease |
1Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy, 2Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy, 3Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy, 4Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy |
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The diagnosis of Motor Neuron Disease (MND) is a long process that involves careful clinical and neurological examination during a long period of time. As iron overload is recognized as one of the main pathogenic mechanisms, previous studies focused on hand-drawn ROI-based measures of susceptibility in the precentral gyrus in MND. In contrast to the manually drawn ROIs approach guided by pathology localization and lateralization, this study suggests that the building of a MND biomarker might rely on susceptibility properties of the precentral gyrus measured on clinical images with a fully-automatic pipeline. |
| 2781 | Computer 134
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The Splenial Angle: A Novel Index in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
1Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 2Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 3Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 4Neuroradiology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore, 5Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore |
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The callosal angle (CA) is a useful tool in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) for diagnosis and patient selection for shunt surgery. We evaluated for (1) differences in a novel splenial angle (SA) in iNPH compared to healthy controls (HC), and (2) temporal changes in SA, CA and Evan’s index in shunted and non-shunted iNPH patients. Significant differences (p<0.0001) existed in the EI, CA and SA between iNPH and HC. Amongst iNPH patients with or without shunting, significant temporal changes were also found in in all indices on follow-up MRI scans compared to baseline measurements. |
| 2782 | Computer 135
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Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Superior Thalamic Radiation and Cerebrospinal Fluid Distribution in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 2Neurology, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 3UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States, 4Psychiatry, UThealth, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, United States |
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Ventricular enlargement in elderly raises a challenging differential diagnosis to physicians. While Alzheimer`s disease is the most common form of dementia, idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) constitutes a potentially reversible syndrome. iNPH has a unique pathophysiology pertaining to cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and periventricular white matter. We aimed to determine the effects of iNPH on periventricular white matter bundles and to further characterize its ventricular and sulcal CSF distribution by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumetrics on high resolution T1-weighted MRI data. |
| 2783
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Computer 136
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Detection of accumulated iron and microglia in the striatum of Huntington’s Disease patients: evidence from post-mortem MRI and histology |
1Radiology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Pathology, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, 3Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany, 4Human Genetics, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands |
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We detected increased iron deposits in the striatum of post-mortem brain tissue of Huntington’s Disease (HD) patients. High-field T2*-weighted MRI of the striatum showed a different imaging phenotype in HD patients compared to controls, and spatially correlated with the iron distribution obtained from histology. Increased iron was observed in the matrix and in cells morphologically resembling glial cells. These findings bridge the gap between neuropathological and clinical imaging findings and point to iron accumulation as a potential imaging biomarker for disease progression in vivo, possibly reflecting neuroinflammation. |
| 2784 | Computer 137
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Investigating Microglial Activation and white matter changes in Huntington Disease Patients |
1wayne state university, detroit, MI, United States, 2university of michigan, ann arbor, MI, United States, 3Neurology, wayne state university, detroit, MI, United States, 4univeristy health center, detroit, MI, United States, 5university health center, detroit, MI, United States |
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This study will investigate the effects of Huntington disease (HD) progression on white matter microstructure and microglial activation using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in HD patients over the course of 6 months (baseline and 6 month visit). Age-matched healthy controls will be followed up similarly. Baseline differences between HD and healthy controls will likely reflect effect of HD pathology on white matter tracts and assessing longitudinal changes accompanied by disease progression will reflect the temporal and spatial changes. |
| 2785 | Computer 138
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Progressive Supranuclear Palsy versus Parkinson’s disease-related damage using quantitative multimodal MRI |
1CENIR, ICM, Paris, France, 2Neuroradiology, APHP, Pitie Salpêtrière, Paris, France, 3Sorbonne Universite, Univ Paris 06, UMR S 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, ICM, Paris, France, 4Clinique des mouvements anormaux, Département des Maladies du Système Nerveux, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, PARIS, France, 5NeuroSpin, CEA, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France |
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Our primary objective was to generate a precise in vivo model of neurodegeneration of brainstem nuclei, cerebellum, basal ganglia, basal forebrain, and cortex using multimodal MRI in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Secondary objective was to use multimodal imaging biomarkers to efficiently differentiate PSP from Parkinson disease (PD) patients and healthy control subjects (HC). Multiple factorial analyses of the regional damage allowed to efficiently differentiate PSP from HC and PD, in agreement with previous pathological studies. These results suggest the possibility of direct non-invasive assessment of brain damage at multiple level of the central nervous system in PSP and efficient multimodal multiregional based differential diagnosis between PSP and PD patients |
| 2786 | Computer 139
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Associations Between Dual Task Cost and Striatal Functional Connectivity in Parkinson’s Disease with Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 3Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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This study investigated striatal functional connectivity correlates of dual-tasking in Parkinson’s disease with and without mild cognitive impairment using resting state fMRI. Increased caudate functional connectivity with frontotemporal, insular and subcortical regions were associated with increased dual task cost in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment, whereas correlations were only seen in increased putamen and supplementary motor area functional connectivity and increased dual task cost in PD participants. These results reveal that dual tasking is associated with different striatal functional connectivity patterns in PD participants, with and without, cognitive impairment suggesting compensatory mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment. |
| 2787 | Computer 140
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Altered topological properties of gray matter structural covariance networks inminimal hepatic encephalopathy |
1Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China |
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Despite the abnormal structural findings in cirrhotic patients with MHE, previous studies have only focused on regional structural changes in cirrhosis and did not consider brain network-level architecture. Recent progress in structural MRI analysis has facilitated the development of a human brain structural network model that is based on statistical correlations of morphological descriptors, including the thickness of the cortex or regional gray matter volume (RGMV). We investigated the topological alterations involving brain structural covariance networks in MHE patients for the first time. Our results suggest that MHE patients exhibit an unoptimizable architecture involving the gray matter structural covariance network and provide structural evidence supporting that MHE is a neurological complication related to disrupted neural networks. |
| 2788 | Computer 141
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Factor analysis of atlas-segmented brain MRSI data in HIV infection |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 3Hawaii Center for AIDS, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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HIV-infection may cause HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Here, factor analysis is applied to atlas-segmented brain MRSI data from a cohort of HIV-positive subjects to evaluate the relationships of MRSI measures with neuropsychological test performance and immunologic markers. Results indicate that distribution of NAA in right-hemisphere brain regions of basal ganglia, thalamus, etc. may be positively correlated with CD4 counts, and distribution of Cho in both hemispheres of similar regions positively correlated with CD8 counts in HIV-infected subjects. Higher neuropsychological z-scores tends to be associated with higher NAA and/or lower Cho distributions in specific brain regions. |
| 2789 | Computer 142
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Contributions of cardiovascular risk and smoking to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related changes in brain structure and function |
1Institute for Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom, 2Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom, 3Clinical Research and Imaging Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, 4Academic Respiratory Unit, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom |
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Structural and functional brain abnormalities have been reported in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), however, it is unclear whether these occur independently of cardiovascular risk. Neuroimaging and clinical markers of brain structure and function were compared between 27 COPD patients and 23 age-matched non-COPD smoker controls. Clinical relationships and group interactions with brain structure were tested. COPD patients showed a specific pattern of structural (lower grey matter volume) and functional (lower cognitive function and psychological status) brain abnormalities that could not be explained by cardiovascular risk. Lower lung function and psychological ill-health were associated with markers of white matter damage. |
| 2790 | Computer 143
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Microstructural changes of the cortico-striatal pathway in Fabry disease: a diffusion MRI connectometry study |
1Computer Science Department, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 2Advanced Biomedical Sciences Department, University “Federico II”, Naples, Italy, 3Nephrology Unit, University “Federico II”, Naples, Italy |
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| 2791 | Computer 144
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Longitudinal monitoring of the cerebral iron load in de novo neurological Wilson disease |
1MR-Unit, Dept. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Dept. Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 3Dept. Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 4German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany, 5Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 64th Dept. Internal Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic |
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We report a long-term study of three de novo diagnosed Wilson disease patients with neurological form who repeatedly underwent magnetic resonance imaging and neurological examinations for 2 years after treatment initiation. The quantitative measurement of susceptibility revealed higher values in basal ganglia and thalamus compared to controls which correspond to higher iron accumulation. Degree of iron load reflected the clinical severity of neurological impairment. Thus, we can suppose that the increase of the brain iron concentration can be a marker of suboptimal response to anti-copper therapy and unfavorable outcome. |
| 2792 | Computer 145
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping shows differences in substantia nigra of individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and controls |
1Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 4Biomedical Imaging Center, Santiago, Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Department of Radiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 7Center of Genetics and Genomics, Santiago, Chile |
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Unlike individuals with Parkinson’s disease, patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome at risk of Parkinson show an increase in dopamine at striatal regions. Since iron levels are related to dopamine levels, we studied the difference of magnetic susceptibility between 17 patients with the deletion and 19 healthy individuals. Susceptibility measurements were obtained with QSM and then compared using a Mann Whitney U test. Results showed a significant difference in the substantia nigra, which indicates a possible cause for the increased levels of dopamine in 22q11.2 individuals at Parkinson’s risk. |
| 2793 | Computer 146
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Disrupted topological brain organizations in large-scale cortical networks between impaired and nonimpaired active fighters |
1Imaging Research, Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States, 2University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, NV, United States |
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Using neuropsychological scores from the Professional Fighters Brain Health Study (PFBHS), this study first identified 70 cognitively impaired active professional fighters, and then matched 70 nonimpaired fighters but matched on demographics, and other fighting criteria. This study shows that repeated head trauma is associated with altered coordination of large-scale structural brain networks, especially in the long-range connections. Furthermore, the cortical thickness of regions identified as hubs has the potential of developing into a predictive biomarker for identifying the fighters that will develop cognitive decline due to repeated head trauma. |
| 2794 | Computer 147
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Improved sensitivity to longitudinal changes with advanced DTI analysis in a rare neurodegenerative disease |
1Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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We present an optimized processing pipeline for longitudinal DTI data analysis in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) patients, a rare neurodegenerative disease. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis was used to investigate longitudinal changes in white matter (WM) integrity in patients. While no significant changes in WM integrity were observed using the standard TBSS analysis pipeline, TBSS with advanced spatial normalization with DTITK tool showed significant longitudinal alterations in WM integrity. This result suggests that the use of advanced spatial normalization must be considered for longitudinal group studies of DTI data, especially when small to moderate disease effects are expected. |
| 2795 | Computer 148
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Chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging depending on several neurodegenerative diseases at 3T |
1Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, 2Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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In this study, CEST imaging was performed on the substantial nigra, the basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex level to reveal the mechanism each neurodegenerative disease. For this study, patients with Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and spinocerebellar degeneration were examined. Region-of-interest analysis was performed in the substantia nigra, red nuclei, lentiform nucleus, and supplementary motor area. As the results, the CEST parameters were significantly different for each of the neurodegenerative diseases. CEST imaging might have the ability to obtain abnormal proteins each of the neurodegenerative diseases. |
| 2796 | Computer 149
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Evaluating Countermeasures Against Chemical Warfare Nerve Agents using Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Defence Research and Development Canada-Suffield Research Centre, Ralston, AB, Canada, 3CBRN Protection, TNO, Rijswijk, Netherlands |
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Seizures induced by chemical warfare nerve agents cause debilitating neurological damage. It is widely accepted that the main contributor to this neuropathology is excitotoxic damage. Current countermeasures to the damage are effective in preventing |
| 2797
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Computer 151
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping of post-mortem ALS brains at 7T with quantitative iron histopathology validation |
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Clinical Neurology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor system and its wider cortical connections. Progress in therapeutic development in ALS is compromised by a lack of specific biomarkers. In this work, we describe a platform for QSM data acquisition and post-processing protocol for postmortem brains. Preliminary results of 10 brains (validated with quantitative ferritin staining) have shown that ALS brains had significant higher mean susceptibility in motor cortex than control brains, which indicates that QSM has the potential to accurately quantify iron concentration and thus serve as an imaging biomarker for ALS. |
| 2798
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Computer 152
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Quantitative analysis of the wall thickness and enhancement ratio of intracranial aneurysms using high-resolution black-blood imaging at 7T |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2The Innovation Center of Excellence on Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China, 5Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 6Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China |
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Three-dimensional turbo-spin-echo (3D-TSE) is increasingly being used in black-blood imaging of intracranial aneurysms. In this study, we optimized the protocol of T1-weighted (T1w) 3D-TSE to reach a high isotropic resolution of 0.40 mm. The inner wall thickness and enhancement ratio were analyzed in sections from ten aneurysms. The segments of aneurysmal walls with a higher wall thickness tend to represent a higher enhancement ratio (Pearson correlation, r = 0.32, p < 0.001). The wall thickness and enhancement ratio should be comprehensively considered to predict the prognosis of intracranial aneurysms. |
| 2799
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Computer 153
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Cardiac and Respiratory induced 3D Brain Tissue Strain as Marker of Physiological Blood Volume Dynamics at 7T MRI. |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Brain tissue deformation induced by the cardiac and respiration cycles could be a valuable source of information on the physiology of the brains tissue properties. In this work, we assess the tissue deformation by computing the tissue strain from DENSE displacement data sets and unravel cardiac and respiratory contributions by using a linear model. We observed consistent trends in the three strain components due to cardiac and respiration cycles, which agree with blood volume changes. In contrast to tissue displacement, the tissue strain may serve as a reliable novel marker of physiological blood volume dynamics in the brain. |
| 2800 | Computer 154
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Optimizing the DENSE Sequence for Accurate Brain Tissue Strain Measurements at 7T MRI. |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Brain tissue strain could be a valuable source of information on the brains tissue properties. Therefore, accurate DENSE measurements are crucial, since the computation of tissue strain requires spatial derivatives, which amplifies noise present in the displacement maps. In this work, we optimize the SNR in the displacement maps and substantiate the theory with both computer simulations and measurements. We tested the optimized settings in one volunteer and found a factor of 1.66 SNR increase compared to previously reported experiments. Preliminary results in one volunteer in the basal ganglia showed heartbeat-induced strain of approximately 2.1·10-3 and inspiration-induced strain of -0.54·10-3. |
| 2801 | Computer 155
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Most small cerebral cortical veins demonstrate significant flow pulsatility: a human phase contrast MRI study at 7T |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia |
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We demonstrate new methods to identify and quantify the characteristics of flow pulsatility in small cerebral cortical veins to aid better understanding of the haemodynamics of this little-studied vascular compartment. 7T cardiac-gated motion sensitive phase contrast MRI was combined with an automated method for establishing where venous flow is pulsatile, revealing pulsatile flow in 104 out of 132 veins assessed in parietal and frontal regions. Distributions of pulsatility index and pulse waveform delay were characterized, indicating a small delay in cortical veins compared to the superior sagittal sinus, but no differences between veins draining different arterial supply territories. |
| 2802 | Computer 156
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Multi-modal 7T imaging of the Locus Coeruleus in healthy older adults |
1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Department of Psychology, Centre for Speech, Language and the Brain, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The Locus Coeruleus (LC) is the main source of cerebral noradrenaline, which modulates many cognitive domains from attention and motivation to mood and memory. However, the LC is a small structure located in the mid-brain, proven difficult to detect in-vivo. We studied healthy individuals using high-resolution MT-w, R2*, QSM, and fMRI at 7T to characterize the LC’s shape and size, magneto-chemical and functional properties. While no R2* or QSM contrast was found in the LC, it was clearly detected in MT-images and showed widespread functional connectivity towards cortex and cerebellum, These results are the benchmark for future studies in dementia. |
| 2803 | Computer 157
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Global and Focal Effects of Radiation Therapy on the Cerebral Vasculature in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors using simultaneous MRA-SWI at 7T |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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With the improved survival of children with brain tumors, understanding the late effects of the treatment has become critical. This study explores the effects of RT on vascular structure using a combined MRA-SWI sequence at 7T and a new method for arterial segmentation and quantification. Normalized arterial volume was significantly reduced with increasing RT treatment volume, number of CMBs, and at follow-up. CMBs were located closer to veins than arteries and were larger when further away. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for quantifying subtle vascular changes in arterial structure and CMB properties due to RT. |
| 2804 | Computer 158
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Investigation of microstructural differences in the nigrosome-1 region of the substantia nigra between healthy and Parkinson’s disease subjects at 7T |
1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 4The Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada |
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The loss of hyperintense signals of the nigrosome-1 region within the substantia nigra on T2*w MRI has previously been investigated as a potential biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although the radiological observation is expected to be induced by microstructural changes, which can provide more insights into the mechanisms of PD, no relevant MRI studies have been conducted so far. With ultra-high-field 7T MRI, we compared the microstructural features of the nigrosome-1 regions between healthy and PD subjects using quantitative MRI, and revealed alterations in T1, R2*, mode of anisotropy, and fractional anisotropy within this subregion due to the disease. |
| 2805 | Computer 159
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Longitudinal Study of APT-weighted CEST in the Brain at 7T in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis |
1Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 4The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 6University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Amide proton transfer weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (APTw-CEST) MRI has been applied with whole-brain coverage in a longitudinal study in patients with relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, and primary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). APTw-CEST is sensitive to amide protons on proteins and peptides and may provide insight into the pathological processes underlying symptoms and disease progression in MS. Our preliminary results show increased APTw-CEST contrast in relapsing-remitting MS patients and decreased contrast in primary progressive MS patients, as well as differences in CEST contrast in lesions for these disease subtypes. |
| 2806 | Computer 160
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Volumetric Brain Analysis in Older HIV-positive and -negative Subjects using 7T MRI |
1Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Neurology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Structural brain MRI is often performed to evaluate regional brain structure and atrophy in elderly subjects with cognitive impairment. In this study, 7T MRI was applied to 62 individuals 50 years and older (40 HIV+); an age-appropriate adult brain atlas was then used to segment and compare regional brain volumes as a function of age, HIV serostatus and neurocognitive classification. |
| 2807 | Computer 161
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Observation of Iron Deposition in Cynomolgus Monkeys with the Parkinson’s Disease using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping at 7T MRI |
1Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science & Technology, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of, 2Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of, 3National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of |
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The anatomic sensitivity of iron deposition in the Parkinson’s disease (PD) study remains controversial with exception of the substantia nigra (SN). A 14-year-old PD-modeled cynomolgus monkey and an age-matched healthy control were scanned at 7T MRI. The average susceptibility ratio of the caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus (TH) and SN |
| 2808 | Computer 162
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Endovascular thrombectomy using stentretrievers affects the vessel wall: impact demonstrated by wall enhancement at 7T |
1Medical Imaging Neuroradiology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden, 2Dept. of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 3Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Philips Healthcare, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Dept. of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden, 6Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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Stroke is increasingly treated by removing the vessel obstruction via endovascular thrombectomy. 3T imaging has shown wall enhancement after endovascular thrombectomy, and we hypothesize that 7T MR will be beneficial to visualize this enhancement as the higher field strength allows for higher resolution imaging. Seven patients were examined at 7T within two days after endovascular thrombectomy. Vessel wall images pre- and post-contrast administration were reviewed by two neuroadiologists, who rated the image quality as excellent in all cases. In all patients, wall enhancement was found, and correlated to the site of the stent-retriever rather than the site of the embolus. |
| 2809 | Computer 163
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Optimization of adiabatic pulses for Pulsed Arterial Spin Labeling (pASL) at 7T |
1Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, United States, 21 Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck school of medicine, University of Southern, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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The goal of this work was to optimize and evaluate three types of adiabatic pulses for pulsed ASL (PASL) at 7T including Hyperbolic Secant (HS)[1], WURST[2] and FOCI[3] pulses using theoretical simulation, phantom and in vivo scans. WURST has the lowest loss in simulation and outperforms HS/FOCI in experiments. The optimized WURST pulse with the maximally allowed B1 is preferred to HS and FOCI pulses for adiabatic inversion in 7T PASL. |
| 2810 | Computer 164
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Age-related changes in tissue T1, T2 values of the human brain quantified by 2D PnP-MRF at 7T MRI |
1Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R) and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 4Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 5Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |
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To investigate age-related changes in T1 and T2 of brain tissues at 7T, healthy volunteers (N=45, age range 20-81) were scanned using a 1ch-Tx/32ch-Rx coil and a Plug-and-Play MR Fingeprinting (prototype) sequence. Six brain regions (putamen, globus pallidus, caudate head, thalamus, frontal white matter (WM) and frontal gray matter (GM)) were evaluated. Linear and quadratic curve fitting was performed. Significant linear correlation in T2 was found for the putamen and frontal WM and a quadratic correlation was found for the putamen (T2), globus pallidus (T2), thalamus (T1) and frontal WM (T1/T2). |
| 2811 | Computer 165
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Reduction of power deposition using VERSE RF pulses to decrease acquisition time in pulsed ASL sequence at high field. |
1Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Univ. of Western Ontario, london, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, Univ. of Western Ontario, london, ON, Canada |
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The use of Arterial spin labelling at high field, allow for a gain in sensitivity in brain perfusion images. However, this necessitates an increase in acquisition time due to SAR limits. To address this problem, the conventional selective RF pulses used for saturation of the blood in the PICORE Q2TIPS tagging technique of the Pulsed ASL sequence were replaced by their corresponding VERSE RF pulses, to achieve the same task with less power. As a result, perfusion images were obtained in a shorter acquisition time allowing for an increase of both the number of acquisitions and SNR. |
| 2812 | Computer 166
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Inter-site, inter-subject and inter-session variability of B1+ and B0 in the human brain at 7 tesla. |
1Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, NDCN, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Imaging Centre of Excellence, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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At ultra-high field strengths, e.g. 7 tesla, the homogeneity of the transmit B1+-field and the B0-field decreases compared to lower fields. This can strongly affect the contrast in images especially when imaging large volumes, such as the whole brain.
In this work we measure the mean and variance of B1+- and B0-fields in whole brain images acquired on four, whole-body human 7T scanners. We demonstrate that inter-subject differences dominate over inter-site differences in explaining the observed B0- and B1+-field variability. Inter-session differences are not significant. |
| 2813 | Computer 167
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7T MRS of neurometabolites and associations with cognitive deficits in mild cognitive impairment |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Neuroimaging Research Program, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Here, levels of multiple brain metabolites in healthy controls and MCI patients using 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy in the anterior (ACC) and posterior (PCC) cingulate cortex were studied. MCI patients showed decreased GABA/tCr (ACC, PCC), Glu/tCr (PCC), NAA/tCr (PCC), and increased mI/tCr (ACC). Worse episodic verbal memory performance correlated with lower Glu/tCr (PCC), lower NAA/tCr (PCC), and higher mI/tCr (ACC, PCC). Worse verbal fluency performance correlated with lower GSH/tCr (PCC). In summary, MCI is associated with decreased GABA and glutamate, most consistently in the PCC. |
| 2814 | Computer 168
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Monitoring the neurotransmitter response to hypoglycemia in the prefrontal cortex in diabetes using an advanced MRS protocol at 7T |
1Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Studies of neurotransmitter response to changing glycemia levels are needed to address mechanisms of cerebral adaptations to hypoglycemia. Here we present an advanced MRS acquisition protocol that combines commercial 7T hardware, dielectric padding, optical motion tracking and frequency and B0 shim correction to ensure optimal stability of data quality during a challenging infusion protocol to maintain euglycemic and hypoglycemic blood glucose levels. Data obtained from the prefrontal cortex in patients with type 1 diabetes demonstrate excellent quality and reproducibility during euglycemia and hypoglycemia, which will allow robust mechanistic investigations of the primary neurotransmitters, glutamate and GABA, under changing glycemic conditions. |
| 2815 | Computer 169
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GABA and GSH at 7T: to edit or not to edit? |
1Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance, Dept. Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark |
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With the number of 7T sites increasing, more brain-MRS studies will be conducted at 7T. Particularly GABA and GSH are of interest and benefit from the increased resolution. To date, studies have applied both conventional and edited MRS to measure these metabolites, however, there is no consensus on whether to use edited MRS. This study shows that it depends on brain region and potentially voxel size and number of acquisitions, whether it is preferable to use editing for GABA. There is less reason to argue that editing benefits measurement of GSH, but this study indicates a slight preference for editing. |
| 2816 | Computer 170
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Impact of Autocalibration Method on Accelerated Echo-Planar Imaging of the Cervical Spinal Cord at 7 T |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Respiration-induced B0 fluctuations are significantly greater in the cervical spinal cord than in the brain at 7T, increasing k-space phase inconsistencies and necessitating a separate evaluation of autocalibration scan (ACS) methods for accelerated EPI. We tested four ACS methods (single-shot EPI, segmented EPI, FLEET, and GRE) under three physiological conditions (end-expiration breath-hold, free-breathing, and intentional swallowing). GRE and single-shot EPI ACS methods, which are robust to respiration-induced phase errors between k-space segments, produce images with fewer and less severe artifacts than either FLEET or conventionally segmented EPI ACS methods for accelerated EPI of the cervical spinal cord at 7T. |
| 2817 | Computer 171
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Comparison of Perivenular Perivascular Spaces at 7 Tesla in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Controls |
1Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a CNS autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. Prior MS studies have characterized an inflammatory process involving the perivascular spaces (PVSs) of a central vein, but have reported conflicting results regarding which aspects of PVS anatomy correlate to clinical aspects of the disease. This preliminary study compared percentages of manually marked perivenular and non-perivenular PVSs in relapsing-remitting MS patients and healthy controls, and detected a higher rate of vein-coincident PVSs in the former group. We posit that perivenular PVSs have potential as a candidate imaging marker for MS diagnosis, disease activity, and treatment efficacy. |
| 2818 | Computer 172
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Improvement of R2* mapping in Alzheimer’s Disease at 9.4T through reduction of B0 fluctuation-induced image artifacts using Navigator Echoes |
1High Magnetic Field, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Institute for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Eberhard Karl’s University, Tübingen and University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Eberhard Karl’s University, Tübingen and University Hospital Tübingen, Germany, Tuebingen, Germany, 4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Eberhard Karl’s University, Tübingen and University Hospital Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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Ultra-High-Field (UHF) MRI provides a potential non-invasive means to investigate Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). R2* map is one of the most established MRI techniques to detect iron concentration in the brain. However, image quality can be substantially affected by B0 fluctuation-related-artifacts at UHF. In this study we showed an improvement of the quality of R2* maps in AD at 9.4T using Navigator Echos approach. |
| 2819 | Computer 173
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High Resolution MR Imaging of Amyloid Deposition in 5xFAD Mice Brains at 21.1 T |
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study utilizes high resolution 3D images acquired at 21.1 T to display the presence of amyloid plaques, which temporally correlate with the progression of structural connectivity alterations in this transgenic preclinical model. As a function of phenotype, age and gender, high resolution scans were performed on APP/PS1 mouse brains and age-matched wild-type controls. Data indicate that plaques may be visible in mice as young as 4 months without the use of any magnetic contrast agents. |
| 2820
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Computer 174
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Quantitative Assessment of Treatment Efficacy in Acute Ischemia using Perfusion and Diffusion Weighted Imaging at 21.1-T |
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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This study employs perfusion and diffusion weighted imaging (PDWI) at 21.1 T to identify the pattern of potential recovery of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in ischemic stroke with a novel stem cell therapy using dissociated aggregate human mesenchymal stem cells (d-hMSC) in a rodent stroke model. Spanning a week post ischemia, high field MRI was performed with the goal of quantitatively assessing treatment efficacy longitudinally. Results show longer term increase of ADC in the ischemic region and shorter term CBF stabilization in the contralateral region. |
| 2821
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Computer 175
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Sodium MRI at 21.1 T to Assess Stroke Recovery Following Adult Human Mesenchymal Cell Transplantation |
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States |
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This study evaluates recovery following transplantation of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) aggregates labeled with micron-sized particles of iron oxide (MPIO) in a rodent model of ischemic stroke at 21.1 T. Unlike previous studies using single cells, intact aggregates were implanted directly into the contralateral ventricle. Longitudinal MRI post-implantation was used to investigate T2-weighted lesion volume and sodium (23Na) distribution as well as hMSC aggregate localization and cell migration following middle cerebral artery occlusion. MR results correlate with behavioral assessments and histology of tissue recovery. In particular, sodium decreases indicate recovery of tissue homeostasis following hMSC aggregate implantation. |
| 2822 | Computer 1
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Deep Neural Network based Feature Selection in rs-fMRI Brain Functional Connectivity |
1University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Deep neural networks (DNN) have been successfully applied to various prediction tasks in rs-fMRI, but the feature selection mechanism of it often appear to be a black box. We developed understanding of DNN’s prediction mechanism and proposed a feature selection method based on each feature’s contribution to the prediction. Experiments were done on the functional connectivity (FC) gender prediction to extract gender related brain FC patterns with 1003 subjects’ rs-fMRI data. The proposed method was validated by the cross-entropy loss of each feature’s prediction, and results showed the selected features are robust and consistent with the findings in previous studies. |
| 2823 | Computer 2
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Automated Prediction of Stroke Lesion Outcome using Multiparametric Deep Neural Network |
1School of Data and Computer Science, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China, 3YITU Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 4Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China |
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Recent stroke trials raised a demand for triage decision intelligence of ischemic lesion progression. This study aimed to develop a multiparametric deep neural network to segment regions that predicted final infarct formation. The PWI-derived CBF, CBV, MTT and Tmax maps served as multi-channel inputs to algorithm training. We used a 2.5D U-Net to generate lesion segmentation. Our approach showed a good sensitivity and specificity with AUC of 0.868 in predicting the final lesions, and a comparable performance of DICE and IOU. In conclusion, we demonstrated feasibility for predicting tissue outcome in acute ischemic stroke with multiparametric deep learning algorithm |
| 2824 | Computer 3
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Ultrafast Brain Segmentation using a 3D Fully Convolutional Neural Network for Risk Stratification of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia |
1Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States |
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Early detection and intervention has the potential for slowing disease progression of dementia. Brain segmentation of T1W structural MRI is an effective biomarker for assessing cognitive decline. However, automatic brain segmentation has required lengthy processing time and utilizes single structure for risk stratification. In this study, we developed a 3D fully convolutional neural network for ultrafast brain segmentation. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrated that our segmentation method has a strong generalization capability achieving promising experimental results. Furthermore, we utilized multiple regions in combination and defined a new biomarker to better differentiate early disease progression of normal versus MCI in addition to MCI versus Dementia. Our multi-region approach outperforms conventional single biomarkers. |
| 2825 | Computer 4
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Automatic Dentate Nuclei Segmentation based on Quantitative Susceptibility Maps using a Convolutional Neural Network: Application to Healthy Controls and Cerebellar Ataxia Patients |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany, 2Department of Neurology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 3Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 4Michael-Stifel-Center-Jena for Data-Driven and Simulation Science, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 5Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany |
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Non-invasive visualization and segmentation of the dentate nucleus is helpful for characterizing neurological diseases. Therefore, we set up an automatic segmentation strategy relying on a convolutional neural network (CNN) for the delineation of the dentate nucleus based on quantitative susceptibility maps. We trained the network on 101 healthy controls and 118 patients suffering from various types of cerebellar ataxia. We were able to demonstrate that the CNN accurately segments the dentate nuclei in 26 healthy controls and 21 SCA6 patients with volume estimates being in agreement with literature. |
| 2826 | Computer 5
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Segmentation of Diffuse White Matter Abnormality in Preterm Infants using Deep Learning |
1Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 2Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 3Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 4Electronic Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 5Medpace Inc, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 6Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Diffuse white matter abnormality (DWMA) is observed in 50-80% of very preterm infants at term-equivalent age. Despite autopsy studies showing correlation with neuropathology, the relationship of DWMA with long term neurodevelopmental impairments remains controversial. The controversy may be due to the qualitative nature of previous studies of DWMA, likely resulting in measurement error and perhaps contributing to the lack of association with neurodevelopmental impairments in some studies. In this study, we developed a deep learning approach to objectively and automatically segment DWMA regions on T2-weighted MRI images. The internal and external validations demonstrated very accurate and reproducible DWMA segmentation performance. |
| 2827 | Computer 6
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Quad-contrast imaging with deep learning-powered reconstruction: 2-minute neuro-evaluation |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Biomedical Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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A 2D multi-contrast sequence with deep learning-powered reconstruction is developed to generate four contrast images (PDw, T1w, T2w, and FLAIR) and two quantitative maps (T1 and T2) in 2 minutes of scan time. For the reconstruction, a new deep learning method that assures both data consistency and image fidelity is applied with the joint reconstruction of the quad-contrast k-space data. |
| 2828 | Computer 7
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Machine Learning Approach Assisted MRI Characterization for Diagnosis of Neonatal Bilirubin Encephalopathy |
1Graduate School, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, 2Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Radiology, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, China |
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Diagnosis of acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) in newborns based on T1-weighted spin echo images in clinical routine is challenging due to subtle signal intensity change in the basal ganglia caused by ABE often overlapping with the presence of signal enhancement from the normal myelination in the |
| 2829 | Computer 8
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Application of a Clinically Viable Deep-Learning-Based QSM Workflow on Stroke Cases |
1Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) can quantitatively estimate tissue magnetic susceptibility, which enables differentiation of diamagnetic calcifications and paramagnetic hemorrhages. The translation of QSM into clinical practice faces technical implementation challenges, particularly the QSM inversion process. In the clinical practice current QSM post-processing techniques are constrained due to large slick thicknesses, which result in compromised background field removal and streaking artifacts in QSM images. To address these limitations, here we a apply a deep-learning-based QSM pipeline, including: (1) a 2D neural network to construct brain masks, (2) a background field removal deep neural network reveal local tissue fields, and (3) a QSM inversion deep neural network. Nine patients with stroke were scanned using a clinical susceptibility-weighted MR protocol were used to demonstrate that the proposed clinically viable QSM workflow can effectively detect microbleeds and differentiate calcifications from hemorrhages. |
| 2830 | Computer 9
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Age prediction from time-of-flight MR angiography using deep learning: Comparison of the predicted age among normal, MCI and AD. |
1Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Time-of-Flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) provides meaningful vascular information related to aging. Recently, we have developed a deep learning based chronological age prediction model from 3D TOF data and demonstrated its accuracy in predicting the age of normal volunteers. In this study, to investigate its clinical utilities, we applied the deep learning model to subjects with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. |
| 2831 | Computer 10
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Deep Learning-based Detection of DSC-Defined Penumbral Tissue on pCASL in Acute Ischemic Stroke |
1Lab of Functional MRI Technology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Stevens Institute of Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 4Neurology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Radiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Arterial spin labeled (ASL) techniques can provide cerebral blood flow (CBF) measures without the use of a contrast agent, and it has been shown to provide largely consistent results with DSC perfusion in delineating hypoperfused brain regions in AIS while also providing information on hyperemic lesion. In this study, we develop a deep learning-based model to identify the hypoperfusion lesion on ASL images based on the DSC perfusion-defined penumbra region and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Our results show that deep learning can predict the DSC-defined penumbral region in ASL with dice coefficient=0.43. |
| 2832 | Computer 11
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Radiomics and machine learning analysis of brain lesions in MOG-ab-positive and AQP4-ab-positive patients |
1Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Academy for Engineering & Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China |
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Little is known about the differences between the lesion features of the recently discovered MOG-ab-positive and well-demonstrated AQP4-ab-positive patients till now. We studied the radiomics features of 747 lesions from AQP4 patients, and 295 lesions from MOG patients. Seventy radiomic features were calculated and compared. Features with significant between-group discrimination ability input to the classifier and trained. A radiomics signature was obtained for the discrimination of MOG-ab-positive and AQP4-ab-positive patients. These results provide valuable information for understanding of pathogenesis and imaging-based initial diagnosis in the two subsets of patients. |
| 2833 | Computer 12
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Standardization of MRI as Pre-Processing Method for Machine Learning Based Segmentation |
1Biomedical Engineering, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Biophysics, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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In this study, standardization methods are used to pre-process brain MRI to generate a machine learning dataset for tumor segmentation. This method was chosen for previously documented repeatability properties as compared to more widely used normalization methods, which could potentially lead to a more generalized segmentation model. When applied to the publicly available BRATS dataset, the standardization methods performed equally as well as the normalization method used in this study, which supports further analysis of the methods beyond the highly controlled BRATS dataset. |
| 2834 | Computer 13
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Combined Use of Gray Matter Volume and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to Predict Early Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Machine Learning-based Optimized Combination-Feature Set |
1Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Biomedical Engineering, College of Electronics & Information, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 6Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States |
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To investigate the approach of classification and prediction methods using the machine learning (ML)-based optimized combination-feature (OCF) set on gray matter volume (GMV) and QSM in elderly subjects with a cognitive normal (CN) profile, those with amnestic MCI (aMCI), and mild and moderate AD patients, GMV and QSM in the brain were calculated. To differentiate the three subject groups, the support vector machine (SVM) with the three different kernels and with the OCF set was conducted with GMV and QSM values. To predict the aMCI stage, regression-based ML models were developed with the OCF set. |
| 2835 | Computer 14
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Deep Learning with Synthetic Diffusion-Weighted Images for Acute Ischemic Stroke Detection |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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We studied the feasibility and accuracy of a deep learning algorithm trained on one million realistic synthetic acute stroke lesion images to detect and segment stroke lesions on clinical MR DW images. We compared this method to a more conventional approach, where a deep learning algorithm was trained on 10’000 human labelled images. |
| 2836 | Computer 15
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Cohort Stratification by Clinical Symptoms through Unsupervised Learning Reveals Metabolic and Microstructural Brain Alterations in Former American Football Players |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, 4Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 5Laboratory of Mathematics in Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 6Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 7VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, United States |
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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with exposure to repetitive head impacts. This study aims to characterize the differing clinical presentations of CTE using MR Spectroscopy and Diffusion Tensor Imaging. Unsupervised Learning was first used to divide a cohort of former NFL players into sub-groups based on the degree of mood/behavior symptoms and cognitive impairment relative to controls. The neurometabolite concentrations and measures of diffusivity were then compared between the sub-groups. Athletes with increased mood/behavior symptoms showed alterations reflective of neuroinflammation, whereas the cognitive impairment sub-group showed more neuronal and structural alterations. |
| 2837 | Computer 16
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Estimating the Age of Healthy Children Based on Myelination Pattern in Brain MRI using a Deep Learning Neural Network Method |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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In this study, we used deep learning model to estimate the age of children based on the MR signal changes associated with myelination process on T1 and T2-weighed images. Brain MR images of 119 children age ranging from 0.25 to 24 months were first used as a training and test dataset. The age was then estimated by deep learning model based on the T1-WI and T2-WI dataset and T1-WI only dataset. Our results showed that convolution neural network model using T1WI and T2WI dataset demonstrated higher correlation and lower mean absolute error (MAE) compared to T1-WI only dataset. |
| 2838 | Computer 17
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Applying Unsupervised Machine Learning Techniques to Resting-State BOLD Multicenter Neuroimaging of Pre-adolescent Complex Congenital Heart Disease Patients to Enhance Image Harmonization and Predict Motion Artifact Characteristics |
1Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 2Pediatric Radiology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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Resting-state BOLD MR images are invaluable for evaluating the neurocognitive state of patients, particularly populations at high risk for neurodevelopmental impairment; however, BOLD images are highly susceptible to motion. The combination of machine learning and image reconstruction techniques during and after BOLD image acquisition holds great promise for harmonizing images and recovering motion-corrupted data. However, there is little information about the relationship between unsupervised ML techniques and characteristics of resting BOLD images. We examined |
| 2839 | Computer 18
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The utility of a convolutional neural network for generating a myelin volume index map from rapid simultaneous relaxometry imaging |
1Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, QST, Chiba, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Molecular imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, QST, Chiba, Japan |
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Myelin volume measurement based on rapid-simultaneous-relaxometry-imaging (RSRI) is useful for the clinic. However, the software that translates RSRI into the index map contains a potential weak point: the index is obtained using a pixelwise table-lookup that doesn't incorporate information from surrounding pixels. A novel deep-learning-based method was developed to overcome this problem. A myelin volume index based on magnetization-transfer saturation imaging was used as a reference for training and testing. The proposed method was evaluated by leave-one-out cross-validation using images from 20 healthy volunteers. Correlation with the reference was significantly higher for the proposed method. |
| 2840 | Computer 19
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Automatic classification of early-onset neurodegenerative dementia patients using artificial neural networks |
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 2Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy, 3Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 4Clinic of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 5Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy |
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We built and validated a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the individual diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD) and behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) based on a single T1-weighted image. The analysis showed that CNN procedure was able to discriminate EOAD from healthy controls with an accuracy of 83% (sensitivity=85% and specificity=80%). CNNs differentiated bvFTD patients from controls with an accuracy of 73% (sensitivity=63% and specificity=83%). CNNs provide a powerful tool for the automatic classification of early-onset neurodegenerative dementia and perform well without any prior feature engineering and regardless the variability of imaging protocols and scanners. |
| 2841 | Computer 20
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Predicting response to motor therapy in chronic stroke patients based on clinical and connectivity measurements using Machine Learning |
1Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, United States, 2Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, Elkins Park, Elkins Park, PA, United States, 3Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia, 4Burke Neurological Institute, White Plains, NY, United States, 5Iowa Neuroimaging and Noninvasive Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Departments of Pediatrics, Neurology & Psychiatry, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, United States, 6School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 7USC Neurorestoration Center, Los Angeles, CA; and Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, CA, United States, 8Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Statistical methods, including machine learning, are a highly promising avenue with which to improve prediction accuracy in clinical practice. The main objective of this study was to use machine learning methods to predict a chronic stroke individual’s motor function after 6 weeks of intervention from demographic, neurophysiological and imaging measurements. Our main finding was that Elastic-net outperformed Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, and Classification and Regression Trees in predicting post-intervention Fugl-Meyer Assessment. The addition of structural dysconnectivity measurements to the demographic and neurophysiological data did not improve the performance of the methods. |
| 2842 | Computer 21
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Automated brain extraction of multi-sequence MRI using artificial neural networks |
1Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Medical Image Computing, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 3Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Neurology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 5Clinical Cooperation Unit Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany |
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Brain extraction is a preliminary but critical step in many neuroimaging studies and determines the accuracy of subsequent analyses. Standard brain extraction algorithms are, however, limited to the processing of precontrast T1-weighted (T1-w) MRI and frequently fail in the presence of pathologically altered brain. Here we developed a new algorithm based on artificial neuroal networks (ANN) that enables rapid, automated and robust brain extraction irrespective of pathology, sequence type, hardware or acquisition parameters and lays the groundwork for automated, high-throughput processing of neuroimaging data. |
| 2843 | Computer 22
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Prediction of Chronological Age from Routine T2-weighted Spin-echo Brain Magnetic Resonance Images by Deep Convolutional Neural Network |
1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Brain-predicted age may be used as a potential biomarker of brain aging. Given that 2D T2-weighted images are more routinely acquired from patients than those 3D images, this study investigated the potential applicability of 2D images in deep learning-based prediction of brain age with an assumption that each individual slice of the T2-weighted brain images possesses brain age-associated features learnable by a convolutional neural network (CNN). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are learnable features by a CNN in each slice of routine T2-weighted spin-echo brain MR images that might be associated with normal aging. |
| 2844 | Computer 23
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Exploiting Heterogeneous Data for Automatic Classification of Multiple Sclerosis Clinical Forms through Neural Networks |
1CREATIS, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy, 3Hôpital Neurologique, Service de Neurologie A, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France, 4CERMEP - Imagerie du Vivant, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France |
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This work is aimed at producing a fully automatic model for the classification of MS clinical profiles exploiting heterogeneous source of data. The task is addressed by extracting the connectivity graph of the subject as well as the corresponding MRI-derived feature vector, and then by applying a two-branches NN procedure to obtain the corresponding classification. |
| 2845 | Computer 24
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Structural changes in auditory and language-processing cortices and thalamus are predictors of word recognition ability after cochlear implantation |
1Neurology, University of Souther California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Otolaryngology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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| 2846 | Computer 25
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Deep Learning for Characterizing Image Sequence Significance in Brain Tissue Segmentation |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Deep learning (DL) is an effective way for performing automatic multi-channel (or contrast) semantic segmentation. Here we investigated the accuracy of tissue segmentation as a function of the number and combinations of contrasts to the input of a fully convolutional neural network. The multi-contrast images included FLAIR, pre-contrast T1-, T2-, and proton density-weighted images, acquired on a large cohort of multiple sclerosis patients. Our results show that the number of input channels affects the segmentation accuracy in a tissue-dependent manner and that FLAIR is the major determinant of segmentation accuracy. |
| 2847 | Computer 26
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APT-weighted imaging for differentiation between brain tumors of glial origin |
1Clinical Sciences, Department of Radiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 2Center for Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö, Lund, Sweden, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Department of Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5Siemens Healthcare AB, Malmö, Sweden, 6Siemens Healthcare Pty. Ltd., Sydney, Australia, 7Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 8F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 9Lund university Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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Gliomas of different histopathological grades have diametrically different prognosis and need biopsy-verification for diagnosis. Amide Proton Transfer weighted imaging (APTw), a non-invasive CEST MRI technique, was utilised for tumor differentiation of low grade and high grade brain gliomas. Mean lesional APTw-effect was quantified in regions with highest signal in 20 individuals. The information proved to be useful as the findings demonstrated that APTw increased the diagnostic accuracy in the clinical setting which may reduce treatment delay and improve diagnostics. APTw-imaging therefore shows promise as a clinical tool. |
| 2848 | Computer 27
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Diffusion Tensor and Conventional Imaging Radiomics Features to Differentiate the EGFR Mutation Status of Brain Metastases from Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer |
1Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We assessed whether radiomics features on diffusion tensor imaging and postcontrast T1-weighted (T1C) images differentiates the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Radiomics features (n=5046) were extracted from 54 brain metastases patients with NSCLC (29 EGFR-wildtype, 25 EGFR-mutant). After feature selection, radiomics models were constructed by various machine learning algorithms. Diagnostic performances were compared between multiparametric and single MRI radiomics models. The best performing multiparametric radiomics model (AUC 0.97) showed better performance than any single radiomics model using ADC (AUC 0.79, p=0.007), FA (AUC 0.75, p=0.001), or T1C (AUC 0.96, p=0.678). |
| 2849 | Computer 28
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Visualization of Brain Shift Corrected fMRI data for Intraoperative Brain Mapping |
1Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Keenan Research Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Division of Neurosurgery, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, 4Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Depart of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) facilitates the presurgical planning of awake craniotomies, but its use during the procedures remains limited. During intraoperative brain mapping by direct cortical electrical stimulation (DCS), fMRI is typically displayed separately or mentally recalled. The use of fMRI data in this manner is difficult and is further complicated by brain deformation or "shift". An image registration pipeline is presented that addresses this issue by providing covisualization of fMRI and DCS with acceptable accuracy for intraoperative use. This visualization method has the potential to improve the workflow of intraoperative brain mapping. |
| 2850 | Computer 29
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MRI features of the third ventricle subventricular zone suggest differing optic pathway glioma pathology for neurofibromatosis type-1 and sporadic paediatric cases |
1Developmental Imaging and Biophysics Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom, 2Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 3Ophthalmology Department, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 4Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 5Haematology and Oncology Department, Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Paediatric optic pathway glioma (OPG) is a low-grade glioma whose cells likely originate from the subventricular zone of the third ventricle (TVZ). Neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1) OPG is less clinically aggressive than sporadic OPG, being less likely to cause visual function deficit. Using measures of migrating tumour activity, this study analysed the imaging profiles at the TVZ. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) profiles associated with migrative tumour cell activity were detected at the TVZ and correlated with poor visual function in sporadic, but not NF1-associated, cases. These results suggest that MRI can identify imaging characteristics that differentiate sporadic and NF1-associated OPG. |
| 2851 | Computer 30
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The comparison of L-FBPA PET/MR and PET/CT for BNCT treatment evaluation |
1Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hosptial, Taipei City, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hosptial, Taipei City, Taiwan, 3Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City, Taiwan |
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We hypothesized that o-fluoro-L-p-boronophenylalanine (L-18FPBA) PET/MR could provide more precise treatment planning for Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) compared with L-18FBPA PET/CT. We implemented the phantom trial to measure the radioactivity correlation between PET/CT and PET/MR. Results have high comparability. We accessed patients who were potentially eligible for BNCT with same paradigms. The initial results represented acceptable correlation between these two modalities. Furthermore, because of high sensitivity and sophisticated imaging resolution, medics can easy to organize the more accurate treatment planning. In conclusion, PET/MR provides comparable L-18FBPA quantitative measurement and more diagnostic accuracy than PET/CT. |
| 2852 | Computer 31
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Initial Condition Assessment from Patient MRI Data for Reaction-Diffusion Glioma Growth Models |
1Hôpital Erasme (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium, 2Laboratories of Image, Signal processing and Acoustics (ULB), Bruxelles, Belgium |
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Reaction-diffusion tumour growth models have been proposed to assess glioma invasion beyond the MR visible margins as well as for patient follow-up and radiotherapy planning. However, initial tumour cell density assessment from patient imaging data remains an open problem, limiting the clinical application of the model. In this work, three initialisation methods are proposed and simulations from actual glioblastoma patient imaging data are compared. This work demonstrates the strong dependence of the model in its initial condition and highlights the need to integrate additional MR sequences and modalities for the assessment of a patient-specific tumour cell density profile. |
| 2853 | Computer 32
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Diagnostic accuracy of T1-weighted Dynamic Contrast-enhanced-MRI and Dynamic Susceptibility MRI for Differentiation of Glioblastoma and Primary CNS Lymphoma |
1Future Diagnostic Radiology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan, 2Radiology, Osaka University, Suita, Japan, 3Neurosurgery, Osaka University, Suita, Japan |
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We retrospectively studied 33 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of GBM or PCNSL performed both DCE and DSC imaging. The rCBV of GBM are significantly larger, and Ktrans of GBM was significantly lower than that of PCNSL in CE ROIs. There was no significant difference between two tumors in CE ROI about other DCE parameters, Ve, Vp Kep and surrounding ROIS. The ROC analysis performed with respect to the GBM and PCNSL groups revealed that 90% tile rCBV and 50% tile of Ktrans showed the largest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.949 and 0.815, respectively. PCNSL can be differentiated from GBM with rCBV value and Ktrans. rCBV was superior to Ktrans in differentiating two tumors and Ktrans had no additional value in differentiating these tumors. |
| 2854 | Computer 33
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Differentiation between Vestibular Schwannomas and Meningiomas with Atypical Appearance using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Three-dimensional Arterial Spin Labeling Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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An accurate differentiation between vestibular schwannomas (VS) and meningiomas is critical in determining treatment strategies and clinical prognoses, but misdiagnoses may occur when typical imaging appearances are absent. We prospectively assessed the performances of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and three-dimensional arterial spin labeling imaging (3D-ASL) in the differentiation of VS and meningiomas with atypical appearance. Our study showed that DKI and 3D-ASL are useful for differentiating VS and meningiomas with atypical appearance, with kurtosis values of DKI have the best diagnostic efficiency. |
| 2855 | Computer 34
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T1 relaxation time in the rotating frame MR imaging of gliomas：efficacy in preoperative grading |
1Department of Medical Center, Nanfang hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Hongkong, China |
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Accurate glioma grading is crucial for therapeutic strategy and prognosis. T1ρ MRI could probe the interactions between motion-restricted water and macromolecules in tissues. Our study aimed to determine the diagnostic efficiency of T1ρ MRI in glioma grading. Significant differences were found by rT1ρ between low- and high-grade, WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ, WHO grade Ⅱ and Ⅳ gliomas when we placed the ROIs in the solid portion and the peritumoral portion respectively. rT1ρ demonstrated a high diagnostic performance in the solid portion and a moderate diagnostic performance in the peritumoral portion in grading. T1ρ MRI has potential to be a noninvasive quantitative method for preoperatively grading gliomas. |
| 2856 | Computer 35
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The study of relationship between amide proton transfer(APT) imaging and IDH mutation status in patients with high-grade gliomas |
1Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy Of Medical Sicences, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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We want to investigate the association of amide proton transfer weighted imaging (APTw) with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type and IDH mutant of high-grade gliomas.All patients underwent MR scan, including APT san to getting the APT values of the whole tumor. The APT value of the IDH wild type group was significantly higher than that of the IDH mutant group. We conclude that APTw can be used to predict the gene type of IDH in high-grade gliomas before surgery. |
| 2857 | Computer 36
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Towards the development of a microstructural model for Brain tumours |
1Clinical Imaging Sciences Centre, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, United Kingdom, 2Neuroradiology Unit and CERMAC, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 3Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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While several multi-compartment models of diffusion have been developed to describe the healthy neural tissue, most of these models fail in the presence of tumours, because they are unable to capture their heterogeneity. By contrast, models of diffusion able to quantify histologic features of colorectal and prostate tumors in vivo have been proposed. Here we combine the sensitivity of these models to tumour histology and the ability of multi-compartment models of dMRI in the brain to describe the complexity of the neural tissue. |
| 2858 | Computer 37
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Quantitative cerebral perfusion with Scale-PWI demonstrates WHO II/III grading in glioma patients |
1Department of Radiology, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China, 2Chongqing Clinical Research Centre of Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Chongqing, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Ltd., Shanghai, China |
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This study aimed to demonstrate that the Scale-PWI sequence with absolute quantification for cerebral perfusion in the solid region of the tumors was a meaningful diagnostic factor in grade-II and grade-III gliomas. Total 8 glioma patients (4 grade II , 4 grade III) were subjected Scale-PWI scanning. ROC analysis confirmed that has great accuracy in grading World Health Organization (WHO) II and III gliomas. |
| 2859 | Computer 38
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Novel Sequence for Improving Detection and Identification of Brain Tumor Lesions |
1Radiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 3Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 4Philips, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Early detection and accurate identification of lesions are very important for diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors. Contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard method for the non-invasive identification of primary brain tumors and cerebral metastases. In clinical practice, current CE MRI protocols are acquired with an isotropic resolution around 1.0 millimeter at 3.0 T that is limited by tumor-tissue contrast to noise efficiency. In this investigation, our purpose was to improve the efficiency by incorporating inversion recovery prepared spoiled gradient recalled (IR-GRE) sequence with hybrid k-space and variable flip angles to reach submillimeter resolution in clinical acceptable scan time. |
| 2860 | Computer 39
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Classification of IDH and TP53 Mutational Subgroups of High-Grade Astrocytic Gliomas Based on Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy at 3T |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Department of Biomedical Device Technologies, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Neuroradiology Research Center, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 4Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 6Neuroradiology Research Center, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey, 7Department of Radiology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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The goal of this study is to define MR spectroscopic differences of high-grade astrocytic glioma subgroups classified by IDH and TP53 mutations at 3T. TP-53 mutated (TP53-mut) and TP53 wild-type (TP53-wt) gliomas had similar metabolic profiles. IDH mutation (IDH-mut) was the main factor contributing to the metabolic differences between IDH and TP53 mutational subgroups. IDH-mut/TP53-mut gliomas had lower Glyc (P=0.017), GSH (P=0.009), Glu (P=0.038), and Glx (P=0.002) than IDH-wt/TP53-mut gliomas. Gliomas who were IDH wild-type (IDH-wt) and TP53-mut had the highest Glu, Glyc, GSH, and Glx among all high-grade astrocytic gliomas, which might be indicators of poor overall survival. |
| 2861 | Computer 40
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The Initial Tumor Microenvironment in Cerebral Patient-Derived Glioma Xenografts Affects Their Phenotypical Presentation |
1Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, 5Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of human gliomas in murine models are unmatched in representing the molecular heterogeneity of the disease, but typically do not present with MRI contrast, and thus are not phenotypical. This may pose a limit to the assessment of trial therapies. PDX preparations were tweaked by co-injecting Matrigel with neurospheres. In one of the two cell lines studied, Matrigel promoted the formation of brain tumors whose genetic composition was that of the original human GBMs and whose radiologic appearance on MRI was similar to that seen in humans. In the second cell line, no BBB breakdown occurred. |
| 2862 | Computer 41
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An optimised protocol for dynamic oxygen enhanced imaging of brain tumours |
1University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Manchester, United Kingdom, 3Bioxydyn Limited, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Hypoxia is an important factor in tumour resistance and regression. The use of oxygen as an MR contrast agent is gaining interest but the technique has been hampered by relatively low contrast, noisy data. Here we present an optimised protocol for dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI (dOE-MRI) of brain tumours. We present data from healthy normal volunteers that demonstrate the method’s capability of producing reliable oxygen-induced signal change and data from glioblastoma (GBM) patients demonstrating tumour sub-division specific changes, showing the potential of this method for mapping tumour hypoxia. |
| 2863 | Computer 42
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Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Histone H3 K27M Mutations in Midline Gliomas |
1Huaxi MR center(HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, chengdu, China, 2Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, chengdu, China |
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The aim of the present study is to report the clinical and imaging characteristics of midline gliomas with H3 K27M mutations and to compare them with those gliomas without histone H3 K27M mutation in different age groups. There were 60 midline gliomas with H3 K27M mutation and 62 glioma patients without mutation included in this study. Mutant tumors were more likely diagnosed at an early age and located at infratentorial brain, with less contrast enhancement or edema. |
| 2864 | Computer 43
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A comparative study of dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced perfusion weighted imaging with perfusion-related parameters of multiple b values diffusion weighted imaging for neuroepithelial tumors grading |
1Department of Radiology, People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China |
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The tumour grading is of great importance in predicting the biological behaviour of the tumours and offers important guidance for prediction of prognosis and the selection of clinical interventions. For these reasons, with dynamic susceptibility contrast enhanced perfusion weighted imaging (DSC) as reference standards, we retrospectively appraised the diagnostic efficacy of perfusion-related parameters of multiple b values diffusion weighted image (DWI) compared to appraise normalized lesion/normal tissue relative cerebral blood flow (nrCBF)in the prediction of neuroepithelial tumors grading. 62 patients with pathologically proved neuroepithelial tumors underwent conventional magnetic resonance sequences, multiple b values DWI, DSC. The group differences were not significant for these perfusion-related parameters of mono-exponential and biexponential model of multiple b values DWI. |
| 2865 | Computer 44
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Amide proton transfer in high grade glioma: Correlation with apparent diffusion coefficient, relative cerebral blood volume and pharmacokinetic imaging parameters |
1Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan, 2Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 4Philips Research, Hamburg, Germany |
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Our purpose was to investigate potential correlations amide proton transfer signal intensity (APTSI) with apparent diffusion coefficient, relative cerebral blood volume and pharmacokinetic imaging parameters in high grade glioma (HGG). APTSI showed significant positive correlations with ADC (ρ = 0.582, p < 0.001) and with Ve (ρ = 0.300, p = 0.002), and a significant negative correlation with Kep (ρ = -0.337, p = 0.002). These results suggested that high APTSI in HGG may reflect proteins and peptides in large extracellular space, in addition to those in the intracellular space. |
| 2866 | Computer 45
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MR Textural Analysis on Contrast Enhanced 3D-SPACE Images in Assessment of Consistency of Pituitary Macroadenoma |
1RADIOLOGY, HUASHAN HOSPITAL, SHANGHAI, China |
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This study aimed to explore the value of MR textural analysis in assessing consistency of pituitary macroadenoma (PMA) based on contrast enhanced (CE) 3D-SPACE images. Fifty-three patients with PMAs that underwent CE 3D-SPACE scanning and endoscopic trans-sphenoidal surgery were included. First-order energy and second-order correlation negatively correlated with hard PMAs, while first-order entropy and second-order variance, sum variance, and sum entropy positively correlated with stiffness (P<0.05). Diagnostic accuracy of combined negative features could achieve an AUC of 0.819, and an AUC of 0.836 of positive features (P<0.001). MRTA using CE 3D-SPACE images is helpful for assessing PMA consistency preoperatively and noninvasively. |
| 2867 | Computer 46
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DTI assessment of optic pathway function in patients with anterior visual pathway compression |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We explored the diffusion tensor imaging features of the optic radiations in patients with anterior visual pathway compression. The measurements were correlated with the visual tract impairment score. Significant differences in fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD) and radial diffusivity (RD) were measured in the bilateral optic radiations depending on the visual disturbance. In addition, FA, MD and RD were correlated with the severity of visual field defects in the visual disturbance group. The results demonstrate the anterior visual pathway compression influences visual field defect affecting optic radiations in the brain. |
| 2868 | Computer 47
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Serial HP [1-13C] pyruvate and 1H metabolic imaging in multiply recurrent high-grade glioma |
1UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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This study demonstrates the feasibility of repeatable serial HP 13C MRI in the neuro-oncologic clinical setting and proposes the utility of pyruvate-to-lactate to monitor treatment response. |
| 2869 | Computer 48
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Isotropic Restricted Diffusion Correlates with Tumor Cellularity in Pediatric and Adult Malignant Brain Tumors |
1Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 2Medicine, University of Missouri – Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States, 3Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States, 4Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, 5Radiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China, 6Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 7Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States |
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We demonstrated how ADC inconsistently correlates with histologically determined tumor cellularity rendering it an unreliable imaging biomarker of tumor cellularity in pediatric and adult malignant brain tumors. In contrast, modified-diffusion basis spectrum imaging (DBSI)-derived restricted isotropic diffusion fraction correlated with histology-determined cellularity in pediatric and adult malignant brain tumors. |
| 2870 | Computer 49
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GAN based transformation of pathology data into its normative state for interventional neuro-therapy planning |
1GE Global Research, Bangalore, India |
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In this work, we demonstrate that images with pathologies can be transformed to its non-pathological normal state using a cycle Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN). Potential applications of the work are in surgical planning, radiation therapy planning and longitudinal studies. |
| 2871 | Computer 50
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A predictive model for postlaminar optic nerve invasion in retinoblastoma basedon radiomic features from MR images |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China |
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Retinoblastomas (RB) with postlaminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) increases the risk for systemic metastasis or local recurrence. MRI is the only method to detect the PLONI in patients with eye-saving treatment strategies. But accuracy of MRI in identifying PLONI was relatively limited. Radiomics is an emerging field with a number of different uses being proposed. We hypothesized that radiomics can have an additional contribution to predicting PLONI in patients with retinoblastoma. This study validated our hypothesis. |
| 2872
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Computer 51
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MRI investigation of neurodegeneration in subacute SCI and its relation to functional outcome |
1Spinal Cord Injury Center Balgrist, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 3Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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In this study, for the first time, we performed voxel- and atlas-based DTI analysis along with high-resolution T2*-weighted imaging in subacute spinal cord injury (SCI) to investigate early micro- and macrostructural changes remote from the injury at C2/C3. Thereby, we aimed to test the predictive ability of early tract-specific degeneration for the chronic functional outcome. DTI and tissue area measurements between SCI patients and controls revealed demyelination in the dorsal columns, indicative of early anterograde degeneration of sensory tracts. Importantly, these early microstructural changes predicted 1-year functional recovery, demonstrating the clinical eloquence of early DTI measurements as a prognostic tool. |
| 2873 | Computer 52
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3D broadband IR-prepared UTE bone Imaging for assessment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the cervical spine |
1Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips Australia & New Zealand, North Ryde, Australia, 3University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan, 4Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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We proposed a new technique for the cervical spine MR bone imaging based on broadband inversion recovery prepared segmented multispoke UTE sequence (3D BoneVIEW) for assessment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). 3D BoneVIEW provided robust spinal bone imaging with sufficient background suppression. This sequence might be useful for |
| 2874 | Computer 53
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T2 mapping of lumbosacral nerves in patients suffering from unilateral radicular pain due to degenerative disc disease |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, 3Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany |
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It is long known that findings in conventional anatomical imaging do not necessarily correlate with clinical symptoms in patients suffering from unilateral lumbosacral radicular syndrome (LRS), which regularly occurs in the context of disc herniation due to degeneration with unilateral nerve contact. The present study investigates the performance of quantitative imaging by using magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) using T2 mapping for LRS diagnostics at the lumbosacral plexus. As the main finding, it shows that nerves affected by degenerative disc herniation are characterized by elevated T2 values, in contrast to contralateral nerves or a non-affected control level. |
| 2875 | Computer 54
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AREX (Apparent Exchange-Dependent Relaxation Rate) CEST MRI in the Spinal Cord at 3T: Application to Multiple Sclerosis |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Phillips Healthcare, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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In this study, we evaluated AREX(apparent exchange-dependent relaxation rate) in the human spinal cord in patients with MS. Current clinical MRI is insensitive to biochemical changes which may precede inflammatory lesions in the spinal cord. Development of an MRI biomarker capable of detecting tissue changes prior to lesion formation would improve our diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. APT CEST is an MRI contrast approach sensitive to protein and peptide concentration and AREX removes magnetization transfer, T1-relaxation, and RF-spillover effects. Our results suggest that AREX is an improvement over alternative methods and may increase sensitivity to pathological changes in the spinal cord. |
| 2876 | Computer 55
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Structural Assessment of Injured Spinal Cord Using the Spherical Mean Technique and Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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High-resolution spherical mean technique (SMT) MRI may provide specific diffusion measures to detect and characterize structural connectivity before and after spinal cord injury and during repair. This study aims to systematically evaluate the SMT-derived diffusion parameters and compare them to conventional DTI-derived diffusion parameters in assessing injury-associated changes in spinal cords of squirrel monkeys. The main goal is to optimize a rapid and robust high-resolution SMT imaging protocol for spinal cord of monkeys at high field. In addition, the sensitivity of SMT and DTI measures in detecting axonal damage in the dorsal pathway has been evaluated. |
| 2877 | Computer 56
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Feasibility of magnetisation transfer ratio measurements in the proximal lumbar plexus using healthy volunteers at 3T |
1Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Philips Healthcare, Surrey, United Kingdom, 3Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 4Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 6Brain MRI 3T Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 7Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy |
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Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) has become a widely used non-invasive tool for assessing the lumbar plexus with application to inflammatory, neoplastic, metabolic and traumatic pathologic conditions. Given that the main pathological process involved in the majority of these neurological conditions results in the alteration of myelin content, this pilot study proposes and demonstrates in healthy controls the feasibility of using MRN to facilitate reliable measurements of magnetisation transfer ratio, a biophysically meaningful MR biomarker, which has been shown to be directly influenced by the amount of myelin in neural tissue. |
| 2878 | Computer 57
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Simultaneous Voxel Based Analysis of Brain and Spinal Cord: Application to Spinal Cord Injury Patients |
1Spinal Cord Injury Center Balgrist, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, UK, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, Leipzig, Germany, 4Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK, London, United Kingdom |
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Assessing the sequelae of a focal CNS injury across the entire neuroaxis holds great potential to better understand the temporal and spatial distributed pathophysiological changes. Currently, voxel-based analysis is either performed at the level of the spinal cord or brain. As a result, most imaging studies fail to implement and analyse the interactions between remote areas across the CNS. In this study, a new probabilistic-atlas including brain and cervical spinal cord (SC) was used for the simultaneous, fully automated and multi-parametric analysis in SPM framework. This approach was validated by assessing trauma-induced changes in SCI patients and compared with findings from analytical tools assessing the brain and cord separately. |
| 2879 | Computer 58
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Investigating microstructural correlates of neuropathic pain in spinal cord injury patients using source-based morphometry |
1Spinal cord injury center Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of neurodegenerative and compensatory changes across the neuroaxis. The majority of SCI patients develop neuropathic pain (NP) as a secondary complication. In this study, we applied source-based-morphometry to investigate remote microstructural changes sensitive to myelin and iron deposition in brain areas associated with pain processing and explored the associations of these microstructural changes with pain intensity. |
| 2880 | Computer 59
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Tracking progressive neurodegenerative processes after spinal cord injury: 5-year follow-up |
1Spinal cord injury center Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of neurodegenerative and compensatory changes across the neuroaxis. Rehabilitative training has been shown to improve clinical outcome following SCI. However, the spatial and temporal patterns of neurodegenerative processes follow a complicated trajectory over 2-years. Previous studies have already shown trauma-induced neurodegenerative processes and highlight the relationships amongst these in the cord and brain. Here, we investigate the trajectories of neurodegenerative changes that occur over a period of 5 years post-SCI. |
| 2881 | Computer 60
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Assessing spinal cord structure changes using diffusion tensor imaging in patients with incomplete traumatic spinal cord injury |
1Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, United States, 2Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States, 3Human Performance Engineering Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, United States, 4Kessler Institute for Rehablitation, West Orange, NJ, United States |
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Physicians rely on self-reports to monitor and evaluate the functional outcome in patients with spinal cord injury during their rehabilitation. These clinical and outcome measurements can be subjective and sometimes impractical if patients have cognitive difficulty. Traditional clinical MRI scans can provide doctors more objective information but they are not sensitive to detect the progression or repair during patient’s recovery. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity of DTI technique in detecting SCI injury and its progression or recovery over the course of rehabilitation in the individuals with SCI. |
| 2882 | Computer 61
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Diffusion Weighted MRI in Cervical Spine with Metal Hardware at 3T |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Surgical repair of the cervical spinal cord to correct instability induced through trauma or degenerative disease often precludes follow-up MRI due to severe artifacts caused by metal stabilization hardware. Postoperative imaging is essential to monitor the hardware positioning, disease progression and new complications that may occur after surgery. In this study, we investigate the imaging capabilities of the recently developed multi-spectral diffusion weighted PROPELLER technique within the spinal cord immediately adjacent to metallic instrumentation. In addition, we assess the quantitative stability of this approach relative to other conventional methods in cohort of normal controls. |
| 2883 | Computer 62
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Large field-of-view high resolution 3D imaging of the thoracolumbar nerve roots inside the spinal canal |
1University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 4Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Swaziland, 5Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Swaziland, 6University Hospital Lausanne, Lausanne, Swaziland |
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A 3D T2/T1-weighted balanced-SSFP sequence has been developed to visualize the nerve roots inside the thoracolumbar spinal canal and their exit point from the spinal cord for clinical 3T MRI systems and coil setups. This sequence allows acquisition of large field-of-view, high resolution (sub-millimeter), almost isotropic images in less than 5 minutes. Furthermore, it is fully balanced, thus allowing high SNR, and intrinsically flow compensated. Hence, CSF flow artifacts are avoided. The acquired volumes in 15 volunteers showed good contrast between CSF, spinal cord and nerve roots (negative contrast), which could allow adequate visualization of intra-spinal pathologies. |
| 2884 | Computer 63
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Quantitative MRI investigation above a cervical myelopathy in traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injury |
1Spinal Cord Injury Center Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 2Department of Neurophysics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 3Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 4Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury (tSCI) and non-traumatic Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy (CSM) present a focal damage to the cervical cord with different time profile. Myelin and axonal loss occurs in SCI and CSM; however, little is known how these neurodegenerative changes are comparable in both groups. Therefore, we applied T2*-weighted and DTI MRI at the cervical cord to compare macro/microstructural changes in CSM and tSCI. While the macrostructural changes were similar in both groups, DTI detected more microstructural changes in SCI. Time-dependent compensatory mechanism in CSM might account for less neurodegeneration and better clinical function compared to tSCI. |
| 2885 | Computer 64
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Investigation of DTI parameters in the corticospinal tract: from cervical cord to motor cortex |
1Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Spinal Cord Injury Center Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 6Krembil Research Institute (Krembil), University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, 7Department of Neurophysics, Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 8Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany, 9Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 10Brain MRI 3T Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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We have explored diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics along the corticospinal tract (CST) from the cervical cord to the motor cortex, measured using separate whole brain and cervical cord DTI protocols in healthy subjects at two different sites. We have also explored sensitivity to disease in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), and spinal cord injury (SCI). Several studies have looked either at brain or cervical cord separately, which makes it difficult to learn about possible interactions between brain and cord. Here, we combine brain and cord measurements and examine how the CST is affected in CSM and SCI. |
| 2886 | Computer 65
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Simultaneous MR Neurography and T2 Mapping (SHINKEI Quant) for Quantitative Evaluation of Lumbar Nerve Roots in Patients with Low Back Pain. |
1Radiology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, 2Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 4Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, 5General Medical Services, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan, 6Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan |
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This study was to investigate the clinical utility of SHINKEI-Quant ( simultaneously acquire MR neurography and T2 mapping by further optimizing the improved motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium (iMSDE) preparation) for evaluation of lumbar nerve roots in patients with low back pain. |
| 2887 | Computer 66
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Improvement of distortion-free diffusion tensor imaging for evaluation of lumbar nerve roots: Utility of direct coronal single-shot turbo spin-echo diffusion sequence with a split acquisition. |
1Radiology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, 2Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 4Orthopaedic Surgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, 5General Medical Services, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan, 6Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan |
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This study was to investigate the availability of SPLICE-DTI (a split acquisition of fast spin-echo signals for diffusion imaging) with high spatial resolution for evaluation of lumbar nerve roots. |
| 2888 | Computer 67
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Fully Automated Grading of Lumbar Disc Degeneration Using Two-stage Networks |
1College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we developed a fully automated grading system for lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration with a two-stage network. The quantitative results suggest its efficiency and it can provide valuable tools for clinical diagnosis. |
| 2889 | Computer 68
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Diagnosis value of Lumbar Spine using synthetic MRI: a comparative study with conventional MRI |
1Radiology Department of China Medical University First Hospital, Shenyang, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Shenyang, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Beijing, China |
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Synthetic MRI is an emerging technique that can produce multiple morphologic contrasts from a single sequence, as well as quantitative T1, T2 and proton density maps. It has been successfully used in the brain, but its role is less well established for MRI of the spine. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of synthetic MRI of the lumbar spine by comparing the image quality and diagnostic ability. |
| 2890 | Computer 69
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Relevance of spinal white matter suppressed T1 STIR beyond multiple sclerosis |
1Radiology, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, India, 2Philips Innovation Campus, Philips India Limited, Bengaluru, India, 3Philips India Limited, Gurgaon, India, 4Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India, 5Philips Healthcare, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Previous works have shown that white matter suppressed (WMS) T1 STIR imaging can provide better lesion contrast in spine in multiple sclerosis. In this work we have explored the relevance of this technique in non multiple sclerosis related spinal conditions. The results show that, in these conditions as well, T1 STIR provides better lesion conspicuity. |
| 2891 | Computer 70
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Anthropomorphic Spinal Cord Phantom with Respiratory B0 Field Fluctuations |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The spinal cord exists in an unfavorable magnetic field environment; the lungs produce strong B0 field inhomogeneities that vary over time. We have designed and built a phantom that simulates these temporal field distortions to aid in the development of spinal cord imaging methods. The phantom consists of an acrylic tank, two lung simulants, a spinal cord and canal phantom, and a microcontroller-governed air pump. The respiratory waveform is customizable. This phantom accurately reproduced the ~20Hz respiratory-induced field shifts observed in vivo at the C3 vertebral level at 7T, and, being fully synthetic, is stable and replicable. |
| 2892 | Computer 71
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High-resolution Brachial Plexus Imaging using 3-D Short Tau Inversion Recovery (CUBE-STIR) with IV Gadolinium for Vascular Suppression |
1Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States, 2GE Healthcare, New York, NY, United States, 3Healthcare Research Institute, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States, 4Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States |
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Vascular suppression is critical to facilitate confident identification and pathologic changes of small caliber peripheral nerves, many of great clinical importance, that run alongside slow-flowing veins. In our experience, non-contrast flow suppression techniques are suboptimal for complete venous suppression. Previous studies describe the efficacy of intravenous gadolinium for vascular suppression and visualization of the plexus proper using a three-dimensional STIR pulse, but its use for visualizing small plexus branch nerves has not been reported. This study demonstrated that post-STIR imaging significantly improved vascular suppression and visualization of branch nerves compared to non-contrast techniques, with high inter- and intra-rater agreement. |
| 2893 | Computer 72
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Examining Automatic Segmentation Results of Cervical Spinal Cord MRI in Tetraplegic Spinal Cord Injury |
1Department of Radiology, Swiss Paraplegic Centre, Nottwil, Switzerland, 2Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 4Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies, Aachen, Germany |
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Accurate detection and segmentation of spinal levels are of utmost importance in determining tissue changes in follow-up examinations of spinal cord injury patients. This preliminary study shows the results of automatic segmentation algorithms applied to data of tetraplegic patients. |
| 2894 | Computer 73
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Super multi-directional DTI for lumbar nerve roots using MultiBans SENSE |
1Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba, Japan, 2Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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An increasing the number of MPG directions causes prolongation of scan time. Recently, MultiBand SENSE (MB-SENSE) has been developed to allow the simultaneous acquisition of multiple slices and it enabled to shorten the scan time. Our purpose in this study was to investigate whether super multi-directional DTI using MB-SENSE is more useful for evaluation of lumbar nerve disorders than conventional method. An increasing the number of MPG directions improved its continuity and accuracy in tractography and tended to decrease the standard deviation of FA values. |
| 2895 | Computer 74
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T1, T2, and STIR-weighted spine MRI using spiral SE/TSE techniques |
1Department of Neuroradiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Spine MRI constitutes a significant portion of neuro exams but is difficult in the clinical practice. The challenges include inhomogeneous field, motion and pulsation induced artifacts, long scan times, high SAR, etc. To overcome these drawbacks, in this work we explore the fast spiral sampling approach with SE and TSE sequences to provide rapid T1 and T2 weighted water-fat imaging, as well as STIR imaging. The feasibility is demonstrated with sagittal c-spine scans on volunteers. |
| 2896 | Computer 75
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Measurement of peripheral nerve perfusion using FAIR PRESS |
1Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany |
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Peripheral neuropathy in diabetes is a common and poorly understood disease; previous methods to evaluate nerve-associated microvascular angiopathy are contrast-based and exclude patients with severe nephropathies or allergies to contrast agents. We adapt a combined a flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR)-sequence with a single-voxel readout such as Point RESolved Spectroscopy (PRESS) to measure peripheral nerve perfusion in healthy subjects and diabetes patients. Our preliminary results suggest that diabetes patients have a lower nerve/muscle perfusion ratio than non-diabetic subjects. |
| 2897 | Computer 76
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pH-weighted amine CEST-EPI as a fast clinical imaging biomarker for early bevacizumab treatment response in recurrent GBM |
1Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (BTIL), Center of Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarker, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6UCLA Brain Research Institute (BRI), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 8Physics and Biology in Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 9Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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In the current study we used amine CEST-EPI, a pH-sensitive fast chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) technique, as a potential non-invasive imaging biomarker for treatment response in recurrent GBM patients treated with bevacizumab. Results suggest a significantly lower MTRasym at 3.0ppm in recurrent GBM tumors after bevacizumab treatment may be associated with better patient outcome (PFS), indicating that pH-weighted amine CEST MRI could serve as a potential non-invasive imaging biomarker for treatment response evaluation. The colocalization of recurrence tumor site and high MTRasym contrast post-treatment further suggest pH-weighted amine CEST may provide valuable information for early detection of tumor progression. |
| 2898 | Computer 77
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Copula Transform Characterizing the Inter-dependence of Multi-parametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Glioblastoma Patients |
1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, United Kingdom, 3The Centre for Mathematical Imaging in Healthcare, Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands |
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The purpose of this study was to interrogate the inter-dependence of perfusion and diffusion imaging, and further investigate the clinical relevance of the inter-dependence of perfusion and diffusion, using a glioblastoma cohort containing 115 patients. A statistical method, the empirical copula transform, was applied obtain the joint distribution of perfusion and diffusion imaging, which was then discretized to extract second-order features for hierarchical patient clustering. Three patient subgroups were identified which showed significantly different overall survival and progression-free survival. The results showed that the inter-dependence between perfusion and diffusion imaging may be useful in stratifying patients and evaluating tumor invasiveness. |
| 2899 | Computer 78
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Restriction Spectrum Imaging differentiates True Progression from Pseudoprogression in patients with high grade glioma following treatment with immunotherapy |
1University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Immunotherapy is becoming more frequently used in patients with high grade glioma (HGG) following standard chemoradiation. However, immune-mediated pseudoprogression (PsP) is a growing problem that remains poorly characterized and renders conventional imaging less useful. We evaluate the ability of a novel, advanced diffusion model, restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) to differentiate PsP from TP following immunotherapy. We demonstrate that an RSI-derived measure of axonal integrity (neurite density; ND) can differentiate TP from PsP, correctly classifying 73% of patients. We conclude that lower RSI-ND reflects disruption of axonal microstructure and may provide an imaging marker of tumor infiltration in patients with TP. |
| 2900 | Computer 79
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Eye-movements and white matter predict emotional control in children treated for brain tumors |
1The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Children who survive a brain tumor diagnosis often suffer from emotional difficulties that decrease their quality of life. We monitored eye-movements during the control of attention to emotional faces to measure emotion regulation. Brain tumor survivors had difficulty regulating their initial attention away from emotional faces, and those who exhibited poor emotion regulation displayed the least emotional control in daily life. White matter of the splenium of the corpus callosum predicted emotion regulation. Our findings may improve the identification of children at risk for poor functional outcomes, and suggest the splenium as a candidate neuroanatomic substrate of emotion regulation. |
| 2901 | Computer 80
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Discriminate glioblastoma recurrence versus radionecrosis: consider cerebrovascular reactivity mapping |
1University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Exploiting the different vascular pathophysiology in brain glioblastomas compared to radionecrosis, we aim to improve the differential diagnosis of post-treatment contrast-enhancing lesions. To recognize recurrent glioblastoma after treatment, we investigate if relevant CVR differences exist between newly diagnosed brain glioblastomas and radionecrosis. For this purpose, we utilized blood oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI (BOLD-fMRI) to study CVR. |
| 2902 | Computer 81
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Assessment of early therapeutic response in glioblastoma using advanced DWI-MRI and histogram analysis |
1Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Neuroradiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3CRUK and EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 4Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinurgh, United Kingdom |
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Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive brain tumours, with a life expectancy of 12-15 months. Structural MRI lacks sensitivity for detecting early therapeutic response. DWI is sensitive to changes in cellular density and provides a marker of cell kill. There is little published data on which of the diffusion components detectable in diseased brain tissue in vivo is most sensitive to this. Voxel by voxel pre- and post-treatment analysis in ‘functional diffusion map’ studies are confounded by change in tumour size. We assess the utility of a spatially-independent histogram approach to detect early treatment response using advanced DWI models. |
| 2903 | Computer 82
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MOLLI versus SMART1 mapping for quantitative brain tumor DCE MRI on a 3T GE 750w: Initial experience |
1Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 3Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 5Physics, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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In radiotherapy of high-grade gliomas, radiation changes (RC) are common. RC and tumor recurrence (TR) may both demonstrate progressive Gd contrast enhancement on follow-up, rendering conventional MRI unhelpful. DCE MRI, however, shows promise for distinguishing RC from TR. We set up a new protocol for brain tumor DCE-MRI on a 3T GE 750w. This protocol involved bookend T1 mapping performed with both MOLLI and SMART1. We found that both T1 mapping sequences gave similar results. Although patient numbers are low at this time, the technique appears promising for distinguishing radiation changes from tumor recurrence. |
| 2904 | Computer 83
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Differentiating the treatment-related effect from tumor recurrence using amide proton transfer‐weighted (APTW) and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pcASL) MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, 3Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Discriminating treatment-related effect from tumor recurrence with is critical for treatment decision-making. Amide proton transfer (APT) and pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pcASL) are two non-invasive advanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. In this study we combined two techniques hoping to explore their diagnostic performance in differentiating treatment-related effect from tumor recurrence. |
| 2905 | Computer 84
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Comparison of quantitative blood oxygenation imaging methods for the assessment of brain tumor oxygen consumption in native MRI. |
1Neuroradiology, UKE, Hamburg, Germany, 2Radiology, UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Neurosurgery, UKE, Hamburg, Germany |
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The comparison of the blood oxygen extract fraction (OEF) of solid tumor regions between the QUantitative Imaging of eXtraction of Oxygen and TIssue Consumption (QUIXOTIC) and quantitative Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (qBOLD) methods showed an opposite trend of qBOLD-OEF and QUIXOTIC-OEF between tumor and cortical GM. Further analysis suggests that QUIXOTIC-OEF may be compromised by the strong and long lasting magnetization of the increased interstitial water due to tumor edema and, therefore, no reliable parameter to assess tumor OEF. On the other hand, qBOLD-OEF may have correctly detected a higher OEF of solid tumor regions. |
| 2906 | Computer 85
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Differentiation between glioma recurrence and treatment effects using DWI, ASL, proton MRS and amide proton transfer (APT) imaging at 3 Tesla |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Medical Imaging, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China |
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Conventional MR structural imaging is insufficient for assessment of posttreatment gliomas and advanced imaging is needed to improve diagnostic certainty. The present study compared DWI, ASL, proton MRS and APT for distinction between glioma recurrence and treatment effects. Total 25 patients were enrolled. Results show similar diagnostic performance of APT and ASL, both of which could distinguish recurrent tumor from treatment lesion (P<0.05) with AUC greater than 0.8, superior to that of ADC and proton MRS. Herein, APT and ASL would facilitate posttreatment glioma diagnosis. |
| 2907 | Computer 86
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Restricted ketogenic diet and fasting in combination with re-irradiation in glioblastoma impact intracellular pH and intracerebral metabolism |
1Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 2Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, 3Institute of Neurooncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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Inhibition of glycolysis by decreasing blood glucoses levels and increasing ketone bodies (KB) could force tumor cells to shift their metabolism towards potentially impaired mitochondria. The aim of this study was to explore the combination of six days of calorie restricted ketogenic diet (crKD) and three days of fasting (as a possible radiosensitizer) with a re-irradiation therapy in patients with recurrent glioblastoma. Intracerebral concentrations of KB as well as pHi and ATP were non-invasively monitored using MR-Spectroscopy. We were able to show evidence of intratumoral acetone using 1H-MRS in some patients with malignant glioma at day 6 of crKD/fasting. Changes in pHi and ATP during crKD/fasting will remain subject to preclinical studies. |
| 2908 | Computer 87
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Diagnostic accuracy of serial 99mTc MDM (bis-Methionine-DTPA) SPECT imaging in differentiation of glioma recurrence from radiation Necrosis: A comparative study with Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast-Enhanced (DSCE)-MRI and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) |
1Nuclear medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, 2Radiotherapy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, 3Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India, 4Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, INMAS DRDO, Delhi, India |
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The use of complimentary imaging modalities in the glioma management of individual patients can provide additional information for further treatment strategy. In view of the limitations of anatomical imaging, cumbersome radio labeling procedures of PET tracers with amino-acids, in the present study, we have performed multimodality imaging using 99mTc-methionine SPECT (as cost effective substitute for expensive amino acid PET imaging), perfusion MRI and MRS for the the differentiation of radiation necrosis from recurrent/residual glioma by the means of serial imaging. |
| 2909 | Computer 88
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Parameters From Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Are Biomarkers Predicting Response after Radiotherapy to Brain Metastases |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China, 3Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI provides additional information regarding blood-brain barrier integrity, and Ktrans is directly proportional to the level of permeability of the blood-brain barrier. In our study, we demonstrated that SRS of cerebral metastasis was associated with a decrease of Ktrans values in the early post-treatment period. DCE-MRI derived parameters can be a promising imaging biomarker of tumor aggressiveness. |
| 2910 | Computer 89
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Detection of Tumor Progression in Patients with Glioblastoma using Multiparametric MRI |
1Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Medical Data Research Center, Providence Health & Services, Portland, OR, United States, 3Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Hematology-Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 5Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6Cellular and Molecular Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom |
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The study was performed to determine whether progression probabilities (PP) from DTI and DSC parameters can aid in differentiating glioblastomas with true-progression (TP) from pseudo-progression (PsP). MRI data from thirty-nine patients were included. All patients underwent at least two MR scans before pathological confirmation. TP patients tended to have high baseline PP values compared with PsP patients. An increase of PP of more than 25% at follow-up scans was noted in 12/15 TP patients, whereas stable or decreased PP were observed in 21/24 PsP patients. These results indicate that monitoring changes in PP values may aid in identifying TP. |
| 2911 | Computer 90
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Crossover intraindividual comparison of ionic and non-ionic macrocyclic gadollinium based contrast media in orthotopic glioblastoma model: Pathologic correlation of dynamic contrast enhancement characteristics at 9.4T MRI |
1Radiology, Chungbuk University Hospital, Cheongju-si, Korea, Republic of, 2Radiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Cheongju-si, Korea, Republic of, 3Division of Magnetic Resonance Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju-si, Korea, Republic of |
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The DCE parameters including Ktrans and Ve have been used to assess glioblastoma treatment responses reflecting tumor cellularity and tumor vasculature. We hypothesized that the enhancement pattern of the ionic macrocyclic contrast agent used in glioblastoma DCE study, which interacts with the negative charge on the surface of the tumor cell, was different from that of the nonionic one. We demonstrated it with prospective DCE experiments using the orthotopic glioblastoma models as well as Ktrans and Ve from ionic were more correlated with tumor pathology than nonionic. These findings may aid clinical choice of GBCA in DCE-MRI study. |
| 2912 | Computer 91
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Noninvasive IDH1 genotype prediction in grade Ⅱ/Ⅲ gliomas based on conventional MR images: a transfer learning strategy |
1Department of Radiology, Department of Radiology & Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, China |
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Purpose: To evaluate the performance of transfer learning with CNNs in predicting IDH1 genotype. Method and Materials: AlexNet, GoogLeNet, ResNet and VGGNet were pre-trained on the large scale natural image database (ImageNet) and fine-tuned with T1CE and FLAIR images. The outputs of training set were utilized to train LR and SVM models. Besides, fused images combining FLAIR and T1CE were used to fine-tune pre-trained ImageNet models. Results: Performances were improved by fine-tuning the four architectures with fused images. Conclusion: Transfer learning with various CNNs (especially VGGNet) is powerful in predicting IDH1 genotype in grade Ⅱ/Ⅲ gliomas. |
| 2913 | Computer 92
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Amide Proton Transfer-Weighted (APTw) MRI as a Marker for Risk Stratification of Overall Survival in Patients with Lower Grade Gliomas |
1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University, guangzhou, MD, United States, 3Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China |
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We explored the possibility of using the APTw signal intensity as a noninvasive imaging marker for stratifying the risk of overall survival (OS) in patients with lower grade gliomas. 108 patients with newly diagnosed grade-II/III gliomas were included. APTw histogram data were recorded. Routine MRI based descriptors, clinical parameters, and OS were collected. According to the multiple Cox regression models, higher APTw value and IDH-wildtype together showed significant predictive power for shorter OS in the cohort of patients with lower grade gliomas. APTw MRI has potential for preoperative MRI evaluation of lower grade gliomas in terms of predicting patient outcomes. |
| 2914 | Computer 93
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Grading meningiomas using mono-exponential, bi-exponential and stretched exponential model-based diffusion-weighted MR imaging |
1Radiology, Fudan Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, China, 2Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 3Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital&Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 4MR scientific marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Accurate grading is crucial to determine therapeutic strategies and to evaluate the prognosis, but no specific feature of conventional MRI has been found to be reliable in predicting the grade of the tumor. This study prospectively evaluated and compared the potential of various diffusion metrics obtained from mono-exponential model (MEM), bi-exponential model (BEM) and stretched exponential model (SEM)-based diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the grading of meningiomas. It was found that different models of DWI (MEM, BEM, and SEM) are useful in the differentiation between high-grade and low-grade meningiomas. However, D obtained from BEM is the most promising diffusion parameter for predicting the grade of meningiomas. |
| 2915 | Computer 94
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Volume of anisotropic diffusion abnormality as prognostic imaging marker in treated glioblastoma patients |
1Radiology, Medical Imaging Center (MIC), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, 2Brain Tumour Imaging Group, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrooke’s hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China, Shanghai, China, 4Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5The Centre for Mathematical Imaging in Healthcare, Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of anisotropic diffusion abnormality in 30 treated glioblastoma patients. Diffusion tensor imaging was performed after chemoradiotherapy and volumes of diffusion abnormalities were extracted. Our results showed that a larger volume of high anisotropic abnormality was associated with worsened patient survival. Anisotropic diffusion can therefore potentially be employed as a prognostic imaging marker in longitudinal management of glioblastoma patients. |
| 2916 | Computer 95
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Percentile-based Analysis of Non-Gaussian Diffusion Parameters for Improved Glioma Grading |
1Naperville North High School, Naperville, IL, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 4Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Diffusion MRI has been used for tumor grading due to its sensitivity to alterations at the tissue microstructural level. Recognizing the limitations of analysis methods based on region-of-interest (ROI) in which the parameter values are averaged over the tumor ROIs, histogram-based approaches have been proposed for differentiating tumor grades. One challenge in this approach is to determine an optimal percentile over the ROI to be used in the analysis. In this study, we systematically and statistically determined an optimal percentile cut-off for calculating the mean parameters obtained from a non-Gaussian diffusion model based on continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) theory for differentiation among glioma grades. |
| 2917 | Computer 96
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Application of half-dose contrast-enhanced T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence in brain metastasis |
1Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3GE Healthcare,Shanghai,China, Shanghai, China |
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The treatment for brain metastasis are mainly depended on the number, size and location of lesions, to evaluate the number of brain metastatic lesions sensitively with contrast enhanced series is more important for patient treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of half-dose contrast enhanced T2FLAIR used in the detection of intracranial metastases in comparison to full-dose enhanced T1-weighted imaging. |
| 2918 | Computer 97
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The Value of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging in Predicting the Survival of Patients with Astrocytoma |
1Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, China, 2the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China |
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In this study, two independent sample t-tests was used to evaluate the predictive value of IVIM parameters for the two-year survival rate of 60 patients with astrocytoma, and the correlation between IVIM parameters and survival days was analyzed by Pearson correlation. The results showed that the ADC, D*, f value of IVIM parameters had great potential in predicting the two-year survival rate of astrocytoma patients, which was related to survival days. |
| 2919 | Computer 98
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Amide proton transfer (APT) MRI is a predictor of survival and progression in high-grade glioma patients |
1Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Radiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 4Max-Planck-Institut Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 5Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 6Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 7Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany |
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In this work we show that relaxation-compensated amide proton transfer (APT) imaging at 7.0 T is associated with overall survival and progression-free survival in newly-diagnosed, previously untreated glioma patients. The current study showed that glioma patients with increased APT values were more likely to progress sooner and live shorter, respectively. This effect may be caused by strong alterations of amino acid concentrations and global upregulation of protein expression in more aggressive brain tumors. Therefore, APT CEST imaging may help to enhance the prognostic value of non-invasive MRI tools at the time of initial diagnosis and during follow-up. |
| 2920 | Computer 99
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Voxel-based Analyses of SUVs and ADCs with a 18FDG-PET/MR System in Differentiating CNS Lymphomas from Glioblastomas |
1Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 2Department of Molecular Imaging & Diagnosis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan |
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Using a hybrid PET/MR system that enables precise image co-registration of 18FDG-PET and DWI, we evaluate the utility of voxel-based analysis of SUVs and ADCs to differentiate CNS lymphomas from GBs. Fifteen GBs and five CNS lymphomas were enrolled. DWI and 18FDG-PET were acquired. Volume, SUVmax, ADCmin, correlation coefficient, elliptical 95% area of bivariate normal distribution of SUVs and ADCs and elliptical 95% area/volume were evaluated. Elliptical 95% area/volume in CNS lymphomas was higher than that of GBs and showed the best diagnostic performance. Voxel-based analysis of 18FDG-PET/MR may be useful to differentiate CNS lymphomas from GBs. |
| 2921 | Computer 100
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Towards quantitative characterization of brain tumors using synthetic MRI: a preliminary study with pathological confirmation |
1Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Beijing, China |
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MRI is widely involved for the diagnosis of brain tumors, and offers qualitative assessment of the tumor with regard to the surrounding brain tissues. However, not only visual inspections may introduce subjective bias, there may be cases that pose challenges for diagnosis even with the use of contrast agent. In this work, a novel relaxation quantification approach named synthetic MRI was applied to 40 patients with glioma or meningioma. Our data showed that both T1 and T2 values of glioma were significant higher than that of meningioma. indicating that synthetic MR may be used for classifying different types of brain tumors. |
| 2922
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Computer 101
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Reduced Cerebral Blood Flow in Aging Adults with Down Syndrome: An Arterial Spin Labeling Study |
1F. Joseph Halcomb III, MD Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 2MD/PhD Program, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 3Pharmacology & Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 4Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 5Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 6Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 7Health Sciences - Rehabilitation Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 8MAgnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 9Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 10Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 11Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 12Pediatric Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 13Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 14Psychiatry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States |
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Adults with Down syndrome (DS) represent an important model of Alzheimer disease in the absence of cerebrovascular disease (CVD) risk factors like atheroma and hypertension. In this study we used pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL) to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF) in aging adults with DS and age-matched controls. In adults with DS there is a 31% reduction in CBF after the age of 54 (<54= 46.7mL/100g/min, >54= 32.3mL/100g/min, p=0.011). Despite their CVD protective phenotype, adults with DS do develop vascular dysfunction, however the onset is concurrent with dementia rather than preceding it. |
| 2923 | Computer 102
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A Dedicated Framework for Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging: Optimized 3D Dark-blood Imaging and Automated Post-processing |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, 2Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 3Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany, 4Neuroradiology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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MRI has been demonstrated as an indispensable imaging modality in the context of vasculitis – an inflammation of the arterial vessel wall. However, the extent of involvement of intracranial vessels is still part of on-going research. Depiction of intracranial vessels could be achieved with intracranial vessel wall imaging (VWI), which is, however, challenging because of the need for high-resolution within acceptable scan times. Further, the visual assessment of intracranial mural changes is also difficult because of the tortuous vessel course. Our work describes a framework for intracranial VWI with an optimized, compressed-sensing-accelerated sequence prototype and dedicated VWI post-processing. |
| 2924 | Computer 103
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Structural connectivity alterations in CSVD patients with mild cognitive impairment: an atlas-based DTI structural connectome study |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji medical college, Huazhong University of science and techology, Wuhan, China |
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Cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD) is the most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment. Early diagnosis and intervention could prevent patients from progressing to dementia rapidly. DTI deterministic tractography and structural network analysis based on graph theory were utilized to explore the difference of structural connectome between CSVD patients and normal individuals. The results demonstrated the disruption of structural connection at global level and reduction of network efficiency at nodal level. Especially, the decrease of nodal efficiency in the right cuneus gyrus was associated with the mild memory loss in CSVD patients. Our results may provide crucial clues to therapeutic interventions. |
| 2925 | Computer 104
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The Acute Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Brain Oxygenation and Perfusion Measured by Multi-Parametric Quantitative BOLD and Arterial Spin Labeling MRI: Preliminary Results |
1Computer Assisted Clincial Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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The effects of smoking on human brain hemodynamics have been investigated for many years, but no real consensus was found. In this study, the acute effects of cigarette smoking on the cerebral blood flow, oxygen extraction fraction and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen are measured with a multi-parametric quantitative BOLD approach. So far, no significant difference between pre- and post-smoking was found. However, the number of subjects will be increased from 5 to 20 in the course of this ongoing study. |
| 2926 | Computer 105
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Is cerebral blood flow affected by preventable neurovascular risk factors and physical fitness level? |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark, 3Department of Orthopedic Surgery M, Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg University Hospitals, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4Centre for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Department of Public Health, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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The health-related effects of aging (biological age) are highly variable across individuals with a similar chronological age. In this study we investigate the relationship between neurovascular health, physical fitness and mean gray matter cerebral blood flow (CBF) in a cohort of 300 home-dwelling volunteers between 62 and 70 years old. In these population-based elderly participants we found that preventable risk factors for neurovascular disease are associated with cerebral blood flow. A high mean arterial pressure, high cholesterol and low creatinine were associated with a decreased gray matter perfusion, whereas physical fitness was not. |
| 2927 | Computer 106
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Algorithm for automated lesion segmentation in patients with familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations(CCM) |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 3Department of Neurology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 4Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 5Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are collections of small blood vessels in the brain that are enlarged and irregular in structure and have clinical manifestations that include seizures and hemorrhage. In this work, we developed and evaluated an automated algorithm for counting and quantifying different sized CCM lesions on SWI images. The total lesion burden increased with overall symptom score in baseline scans from 50 patients. Large lesion burden increased at follow-up in 16/17 cases. Our automated algorithm is a consistent method for counting microbleeds and accurate volume estimation and can thus facilitate lesion burden calculation and tracking in CCM patients. |
| 2928 | Computer 107
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Multiple overlapping slab 4D-flow imaging using distributed-spiral acquisition with magnetization transfer (MT) preparation for inflow signal enhancement and simultaneous 3D time-of-flight (3D-TOF) angiogram |
1Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Quantification of 4D-flow MRI relies on signal magnitude and phase of blood but can be affected by high signal intensities from surrounding tissues. By acquiring imaging volume in multiple overlapping slabs, together with MT preparation further to saturate tissue, 3D-TOF inflow enhancement can be used to improve vessel signal in the 4D-flow magnitude image. The scan-time penalty associated with acquiring multiple slabs was avoided by accelerating the scan with undersampled distributed-spiral acquisition. The proposed method greatly increased vessel contrast and improved depiction of blood vessels, which for 4D-flow MRI translate to more reliable flow quantification and vessel segmentations. |
| 2929 | Computer 108
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Measuring cerebrovascular reactivity without gas challenge: a real-time phase-contrast MRI approach |
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Biomedizinische NMR, MPI fuer Biophysikalische Chemie, Goettingen, Germany |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is typically measured from changes in cerebral perfusion responsive to a hypercapnic gas challenge. Recent attempts to measure CVR using resting-state BOLD fMRI without gas challenge have utilized spontaneous fluctuations in breathing patterns. Since BOLD signal is an indirect measure of cerebral perfusion, a technique that enables cerebral blood flow (CBF)-based CVR under free-breathing conditions is highly desirable. Here, we used a real-time (17 fr/s) PC MRI to measure CBF-based CVR in the resting-state. We evaluated the feasibility of this new approach, and compared it with real-time PC MRI with gas-inhalation, and regular PC MRI with gas-inhalation. |
| 2930 | Computer 109
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3D Morphological Measurement of Basilar Artery and Its Relationship with CBF Based on TOF-MRA Data in Elders |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Department of Radiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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Morphological features of vascular have a major impact on blood flow and chronic diseases. A 3D semi-automatic vessel geometric feature extraction algorithm was developed in this study, and applied to basilar artery (BA). The relationship among BA morphological parameters can be explained by hemodynamic and flow mechanism. The geometry of BA affected the cerebral blood flow value was demonstrated in this study. This algorithm will save us a lot of efforts for analyzing large dataset, and help clinical doctors to quantify the vessel morphometry rapidly. |
| 2931 | Computer 110
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Linearity assessment of the BOLD signal in response to controlled hypercapnea in healthy controls |
1Medical Imaging, The University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Julien Poublanc, The UNnversity Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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This study addresses concerns over the degree to which the relationship between the cerebral BOLD MRI signal and a CO2 flow stimulus is non-linear. The issue was tested using a quantitative BOLD stimulus in a large population of healthy controls. The results indicate that linear modelling of the response compared to the sigmoid model underestimated the response by ≈ 10%. This would indicate that linear modelling of the BOLD is a reasonable surrogate for flow measurement in subjects undergoing cerebrovascular reactivity testing. |
| 2932 | Computer 111
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Parallel Imaging Hadamard Encoded pCASL with Efficient Use of Proton Density Weighted Image |
1MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 2Radiological Center, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan, 3MR Application & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Calgary, AL, Canada, 4Department of Radiology, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan |
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A different method of parallel imaging acceleration extracting coil sensitivity maps necessary for using CG SENSE from a proton density weighted image was proposed. Single and multiple post labeling delay (PLD) scan were accelerated while maintaining image quality. The proposed technique is expected to achieve both the robustness of CBF quantification and short imaging time that can be applied clinically. |
| 2933 | Computer 112
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Inaccurate Visualisation of Haemorrhagic Markers in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Susceptibility Weighted Imaging can be Overcome Using Susceptibility Mapping |
1Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Dementia Research Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology and the Neuroradiological Academic Unit, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a small vessel disease characterised by imaging signatures including cerebral microbleeds and cortical superficial siderosis. We show here that non-local phase effects affecting Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) cause broadening and/or duplication of microbleeds, as well as deformation of superficial siderosis. Furthermore, susceptibility maps and “true SWI”, where local susceptibility values are used, facilitate more accurate microbleed size estimation, reduce the risk of microbleed miscount and provide better delineation of superficial siderosis. Therefore, susceptibility maps and true SWI are likely to be more accurate than SWI in identifying and grading these haemorrhagic markers, with potential clinical relevance. |
| 2934 | Computer 113
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Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen (CMRO2) during transition from wakefulness to sleep measured by high temporal resolution OxFlow MRI with concurrent EEG recording |
1Radiology, Laboratory for Structural, Physiologic and Functional Imaging, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Center for Functional Neuroimaging & Division of Sleep and Chronobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Reduced synaptic transmissions during states of reduced consciousness cause a slowdown in the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) and glucose utilization. Prior methods based on PET and tracer kinetics involving repeated blood sampling are not practical in a clinical setting. Here we used whole-brain MR oximetry at 3-second temporal resolution with simultaneous EEG recording to evaluate the feasibility of in-scanner monitoring of brain oxygen metabolism during wakefulness and sleep. The results in three subjects show reduction in CMRO2 up to 15% following onset of sleep paralleling increased delta wave EEG activity and reduction in heart rate. |
| 2935 | Computer 114
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Investigation of Whole Brain Coverage 4D-MR Angiography with Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling Combined with CENTRA-Keyhole and View-sharing (4D-PACK) Accelerated by Compressed-SENSE |
1Philips Japan, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 3Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 4Asia Pacific, Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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Four dimensional (4D) MR Angiography based on Pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling (pCASL) combined with CENTRA-Keyhole and View-sharing (4D-PACK) was accelerated for whole brain 4D-MRA. Compressed-Sensing combined with Sensitivity Encoding (Compressed-SENSE) was used and we demonstrated whole brain 4D-PACK accelerated with Compressed-SENSE. It provides comparable peripheral and posterior cerebral artery visualizations compared with conventional 4D-PACK which has limited anatomical coverage. Validity of whole brain 4D-MRA is suggested using Compressed-SENSE combined 4D-PACK. |
| 2936 | Computer 115
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Skin blood flow functions as a potential proxy for cerebral blood flow in adults with sickle cell disease |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Biogen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Department of Hematology-Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 5MR Innovations, Detroit, MI, United States, 6Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, Netherlands, 7Bioverativ, a Sanofi company, Waltham, MA, United States, 8United Neuroscience, Hauppauge, NY, United States |
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Even though the prevalence of stroke in adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) is higher compared to children, no accepted screening measures are available for identifying adults with SCD at high risk for strokes. Despite cerebral blood flow (CBF) from transcranial Doppler being an established surrogate measure of stroke risk in children, it is not feasible in adults and MRI is uneconomical and inefficient for screening. We examined skin blood flow using laser speckle contrast imaging as a peripheral surrogate of CBF using MRI. Skin blood flow was highly correlated with CBF in sickle cell patients with excellent test-retest reliability. |
| 2937 | Computer 116
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Relationship between morphology and hemodynamics of intracranial aneurysms: A preliminary study |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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In this study, the purpose was to investigate the relationship between morphology and hemodynamics of IA. Flowavg-APA and Flowmax-IA was positive correlated with IA size and was negatively correlated with mWT. Flowavg-APA was positive correlated with IA size when excluding mWT dependence. And no indices were correlated with mWT when excluding IA size dependence. As blood flows into IA, the volume of aneurysm is enlarged, resulting in the reduction of WT. IA size correlated stronger with blood flow than mWT. This study suggests that mWT and hemodynamics may provide additional information other than size, thus improve current IA risk standard. |
| 2938 | Computer 117
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Dilatation, Proliferation, and Abnormal Anastomosis of Lenticulostriate Arteries on Whole-Brain Vessel Wall Imaging as a Predictor of Hemorrhage in Patients with Moyamoya Disease |
1Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2307 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China, 3Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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In this study, we explored distinct branching pattern of lenticulostriate arteries (LSAs) in moyamoya disease (MMD) and identified collateral features of hemorrhagic MMD, using whole-brain vessel wall imaging (WB-VWI). Results showed that patients with MMD more frequently presented with dilated and proliferated LSA branches than patients with atherosclerotic moyamoya syndrome. In patients with MMD, type 3 LSA pattern (dilatation and proliferation of LSA branches with abnormal anastomosis) was associated with hemorrhagic events and vanished middle cerebral artery. These findings suggest that WB-VWI can provide complementary information of abnormal moyamoya vessels and facilitate to predict hemorrhage in MMD. |
| 2939 | Computer 118
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Quantitative Multi-Parametric Mapping reveals specific white-matter tissue changes in Sickle Cell Disease |
1Developmental Nerosciences, UCL Great Ormond St Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom, 2Clinical Nerosciences, UCL Great Ormond St Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom, 3Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Diffusion studies have revealed loss of white-matter integrity in sickle cell disease (SCD), but the underlying pathophysiology is poorly understood. We combined diffusion tensor imaging with multi-parametric mapping in 23 patients and 23 controls to examine more specific imaging markers of myelin, iron, and water content. Voxel-based region of interest analyses revealed a pattern of decreased MT, R1, FA, and AD, and increased RD and MD in patients, consistent with lower myelination. Indices of lower myelination were associated with oxygen desaturation and processing speed. Our results offer insight into pathology of SCD brain changes and potential biomarkers for future trials. |
| 2940 | Computer 119
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Alteration of cerebrovascular response for COPD patients underwent non-invasive nerve stimulation treatment in nasal cavity |
1Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska university Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden, 2Capio S:t Göran, Stockholm, Sweden, 3The Royal Insititute of Technlogy, Huddinge, Sweden |
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is currently the third leading mortality cause in the world. There is neither a reliable blood biomarkers to confirm its diagnosis nor curative treatment. In this study we tested the hypothesis that the lung function and cerebrovascular responsiveness for COPD patients may be altered by a novel therapy through restoration of ANS homeostasis along with the improvement of clinical symptoms. |
| 2941 | Computer 120
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Plaque Characteristics Contribute to Misery Perfusion in Patients with Symptomatic Middle Cerebral Artery Stenosis: A Study of Combined Perfusion MR and High-Resolution Vessel Wall Imaging |
1Radiology Department, First Clinical College,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China, 2Radiology Department, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China |
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High-resolution vessel wall imaging(HR-VWI) is an novel technique used to assess intracranial artery stenosis, and it has been useful in clinical practice. In addition, time-to-maximum (Tmax) maps, derived from PWI, are increasingly being used in studies of ischemic stroke, and can provide more prominent cerebral hemodynamic information. Our study aimed to investigate the plaque characteristics in middle cerebral artery (MCA) between patients with and without hypoperfusion area, and to identify the risk factors affecting hypoperfusion area. |
| 2942 | Computer 121
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Assessment of obstructive sleep apnea on cerebrovascular health in children with obesity using MRI |
1University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a significant contributor to co-morbid disease in obese children. Cerebral endothelial dysfunction and neurocognitive deficits have been linked to obesity-related OSA. However, the effect of the chronic hypoxic environment caused by untreated OSA on cerebrovascular health in the pediatric population remains unclear. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) measured with BOLD MRI in response to a CO2 stimulus is a useful tool in the clinical assessment of cerebrovascular disease. This study seeks to understand the effect of OSA on the cerebrovascular health in obese pediatric patients through MRI assessment. |
| 2943 | Computer 122
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Clinical validation of synthetic MRI in assessing composition of Carotid Atherosclerotic plaques: initial experience |
1MR Application China, GE Healthcare, Shen Yang, China, 2Radiology Department of China Medical University First Hospital, Shenyang, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Beijing, China, 4GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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The current study aims to determine the accuracy of synthetic MRI sequences generated from post-acquisition processing of a single sequence compared with sequences imaged from conventional multi-contrast Weighted (MCW) methods in assessing the composition of Carotid artery plaques like calcification and intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH). It was concluded that synthetic MRI sequences are comparable to conventional MCW methods. |
| 2944 | Computer 123
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Quantitative characterization of the carotid atherosclerotic plaque composition using synthetic MRI: a preliminary study with histological confirmation |
1Radiology Department of China Medical University First Hospital, Shen Yang, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Shenyang, China, 3Radiology Department of China Medical University First Hospital, Shenyang, China, 4GE Healthcare, MR Application China, Beijing, China |
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The current study aims to quantify the extent of different composition in carotid artery plaques like intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) and calcification by Quantitative MR imaging measurements derived from Synthetic MRI technique. We found different components have different distribution range at the value of T1 mapping, T2 mapping and PD mapping. It was concluded that quantitative mapping of synthetic MRI could quantify the extent of different plaque compositions. |
| 2945 | Computer 124
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Evaluating of intracranial artery dissection using 3D-SNAP high resolution magnetic resonance:the prospective study |
1Shaanxi Provincial People`s Hospital, xi`an, China, 2Clinical science, Philips Healthcare China, Beijin, China |
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The characteristics of intracranial artery dissection were firstly observed using three dimensional simultaneous non-contrast angiography and intra plaque hemorrhage (3D-SNAP) high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, including intramural hematoma, double lumen and intimal flap. 43 patients were enrolled. The discovery rate of intramural hematoma, false lumen thrombosis were significantly higher in the intracranial artery dissection by 3D-SNAP than other MRI sequences. The discovery rate of double lumen and intimal flap using 3D-SNAP were minor superior to CE-T1WI sequences. The diagnosis efficiency of 3D-SNAP sequences was only lower CE-T1WI, it was the highest diagnostic efficacy in combination with 3D-SNAP and CE-T1WI sequences. Therefore, the application of 3D-SNAP would rise diagnosis rate of intracranial artery dissection, and it may become the first-line screening technology to evaluate the risk factors of stroke caused for intracranial artery dissection. |
| 2946 | Computer 125
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Incidence of enlarged perivascular spaces six-months after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective MR study |
1Radiology, Santa Maria del Carmine Hospital, Rovereto, Italy, 2Center for Mind/Sciences, CIMeC, Rovereto, Italy, 3Neurosurgery, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, 4Clinical neurosciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, 5Neuropathology, Faculty of medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom, 6Neurosurgery, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom |
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One of the major complications of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is vasospasm which could last days. This could affect the clearance of interstitial fluid (ISF) from the brain parenchyma by restricting its movement along the intramural periarterial drainage (IPAD) pathway. This would result in dilated perivascular spaces (PVS) which have been shown to be an MR biomarker of failure of IPAD. We explore the hypothesis that patients with hemorrhage will present with an increased prevalence of PVS at six months. |
| 2947 | Computer 126
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Preliminary Results of 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Human Submandibular and Parotid Glands |
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |
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We previously performed 31P MRS of the human parotid gland, but no such study of the submandibular gland has yet been reported. The present work was designed to evaluate the potential of 31P MRS, using 3D CSI, to simultaneously measure the phosphorus metabolites of human submandibular and parotid glands. Three healthy volunteers were examined before and after oral intake of vitamin C. Corresponding spectra revealed intense adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and phosphocreatine peaks. Following vitamin C intake, β-ATP decreased in both glands. This preliminary finding indicates that 31P MRS could provide unique information on the bioenergetics of submandibular and parotid glands. |
| 2948 | Computer 127
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Investigation of arterial blood T1 measurements using cardiac-triggered acquisitions in a pulsatile flow phantom |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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We used a pulsatile flow phantom setup to investigate the method by Li et al. (2017)3 to measure arterial blood T1. We found that under different flow conditions the addition of cardiac triggering led to changes in the estimated T1 values. T1 values found in the flowing fluid matched the reference value measured in a no flow condition using a low flip-angle inversion recovery sequence, validating the correctness of our setup. |
| 2949 | Computer 128
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MRI characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma for the prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis |
1Department of Radiology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China |
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Cervical lymph node metastasis is a known prognostic factor in PTC. However, the greatest controversy hampering the routine application of prophylactic central neck dissection is the increased risk of complications in thyroidectomy. In this study, we sought to investigate MRI features for predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma. This study revealed a prediction model built from thyroid contour protrusion sign and poorly tumor margin in contrast enhanced imaging constituted an effective tool for predicting PTC with cervical LNM, which was not reported in previous studies. Meanwhile, age and tumor size could be helpful to distinguish between node-negative and node-positive papillary thyroid cancers. |
| 2950 | Computer 129
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CAIPIRINHA-accelerated 3D constructive interference in the steady state MRI of trigeminal nerve: performance evaluation on image quality at 3.0T |
1China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, 2Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd, Shanghai, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Shanghai, China, 4MR Scientific Marketing, Diagnostic Imaging, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China |
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This study aimed to compare controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) accelerated 3D constructive interference in the steady state (3D-CISS) with conventional CISS, whether image quality can be achieved under the condition of shortening scanning time，we evaluated imaging quality of the trigeminal nerve in 14 healthy subjects,no significant differences of SNR and CNR were found between the two sequences, in other words, CAIPIRINHA- accelerated 3D CISS can improve scanning efficiency without affecting image quality. |
| 2951 | Computer 130
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Preliminary study on MRI arterial spin labeling and multi-b value DWI identifying the nature of retropharyngeal lymph nodes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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This study using two non-invasive technique as multi-b value DWI and ASL, aimed to compare those derived parameters of metastatic RLNs from NPC patients and non-metastatic retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RLNs) from NPC patients and healthy volunteers, thus to evaluate the diagnostic value of those two series on metastatic RLNs of NPC. It was concluded that the BF, ADC and D could reflect the difference of perfusion and diffusion between metastasis and non-metastasis RLNs, especially the BF which had significant difference. Therefore, ASL and multi-b DWI would be a useful supplement method to conventional diameter criterion to determine the N stage of NPC. |
| 2952 | Computer 131
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The application of Synthetic MRI in differentiation of metastatic and reactive lymph nodes in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a preliminary study |
1Department of Medical Imaging, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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Metastases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in lymph nodes is not uncommon at initial diagnosis, thus the differentiation of the metastatic and reactive lymph nodes is important in accurate staging and precise administration for patients. In current study, a novel MRI quantification method named synthetic MRI was applied to estimate the relaxation values of 71 and 57 metastatic and lymph nodes in 40 patients with NPC, respectively. Our results showed that the relaxation values of lymph nodes were significant different between metastatic and reactive lesions. Moreover, the ration of T1/T2 showed encouraging diagnosis efficiency in differentiation of those two lymph nodes. |
| 2953 | Computer 132
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The influence of different MRI scan plane on radiomic features of the Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma |
1Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, shen zhen, China, 2GE Healthcare, bei jing, China, 3Huiying Medical Technology Co, bei jing, China |
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It is known that radiomics has drawn more attentions in radiological research, and has been applied to evaluate the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the influence of different MRI scan plane on the radiomic features of NPC has not been investigated. To address this issue, in current study, contrast-enhanced T1 weighted images (T1WI_C) in axial, coronal and sagittal views with and without axial T2 weighted images were applied to build the radiomics-based models for the prognosis of NPC. Our results showed that radiomics features derived from axial view of T1WI_C had the best performance for the prognosis prediction of NPC. |
| 2954 | Computer 133
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Histogram analysis based on apparent diffusion coefficient maps in differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal non-Hodgkin lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the histogram analysis derived from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps in the differential diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and nasopharyngeal lymphoma (NPL).Compared with conventional MRI, histogram analysis parameters particularly for 90%ADC and 99%ADC can be used to show the distribution of different intensity signals in the tumor, extract the heterogeneity characteristics of the tumor, understand the tissue density and metabolism inside the lesion, and calculate all the voxels of the whole tumor volume. The results of histogram analysis are more objective, and have a certain advantage compared with the traditional ADC average measurement. |
| 2955 | Computer 134
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The differentiation between sinonasal natural killer/T-cell lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas by high resolution DWI combined with conventional MRI |
1EENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2SIEMENS Healthcare, Diagnostic Imaging, Shanghai, China |
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Previous studies already reported that RESOLVE DWI can significantly reduce the susceptibility induced image distortion artifacts [1; 2; 3]. This study used RESOLVE DWI and conventional MRI to differentiate sinonasal natural killer/T-cell lymphomas from diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. |
| 2956 | Computer 135
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Prediction of Postlaminar Optic Nerve Invasion in Retinoblastoma with MR Imaging Features |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing, China |
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Postlaminar optic nerve invasion (PLONI) is a poor prognostic indicator in retinoblastoma. However, it is not easy for both ophthalmologists and radiologists to detect it. Can the combination of conventional MR imaging findings predict PLONI ? This research devoted evidence for this question. |
| 2957 | Computer 136
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QUANTIFICATION OF HETEROGENEITY TO CLASSIFY BENIGN PAROTID TUMORS |
1Postgraduation School of Radiodiagnostic of Milan, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technologies, University "Federico II" of Naples, Napoli, Italy, 3Ospedale San Paolo, Milano, Lombardia, Italia, Italy, 4Roberta Fusco, Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS - Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy |
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Warthin tumors (WT) and pleomorphic adenomas (PA) are the most frequent parotid lesions. Despite they are both benign tumors, they are associated with different risk of recurrence and malignant degeneration, which entails diverse management.Benign parotid surgery is challenging since it requires isolation and preservation of the facial nerve, whilst completely removing the tumor.A correct preoperative planning including differential diagnosis, is therefore needed to avoid unnecessary or inadequate surgery. In this study we use functional perfusion and diffusion MR biomarkers and we quantify their heterogeneity by a histogram analysis in order to classify WT and PA. |
| 2958 | Computer 137
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Direct visualization the extracranial segments of the hypoglossal nerve on Enhanced 3D-SPACE-STIR sequence |
1Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China |
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In our research, we compared enhanced and non-enhanced 3D-SPACE-STIR sequence in displaying the extracranial segments of the hypoglossal nerve. The SIR and CR of the nerve were higher on enhanced 3D-SPACE-STIR MR imaging than non-enhanced imaging (3.09±0.53 vs. 2.60±0.78 and 0.45±0.07 vs. 0.43±0.10, respectively, p＜0.05). Enhanced 3D-SPACE-STIR sequence demostrates better background suppression than non-enhanced. The extracranial segments of the hypoglossal nerve (extracranial-carotid space and extracranial-anterior segments) can be traced continuously on non-enhanced 3D-SPACE-STIR sequence. |
| 2959 | Computer 138
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Feasibility of brachial plexus DWI with high acceleration rate using multiband SENSE at 1.5 T |
1Philips Healthcare Greater China, Beijing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Suzhou, China |
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Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) for brachial plexus can provide valuable information for clinical practice, and the accelerated imaging techniques have been extensively evaluated. This study aims to demonstrate the DWI with high acceleration rate on brachial plexus using a multiband SENSE technique at 1.5T system. |
| 2960 | Computer 139
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Diagnostic Image Quality and Time reduction Using Compressed SENSE with 3D NerveVIEW for MR Neurography |
1Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL, United States, 2Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Magnetic resonance imaging of nerves, also known as MR neurography (MRN) is an emerging technique used to assess peripheral neuropathies. 3D NerveVIEW is a heavily T2-weighted 3D acquisition that has been developed to address common challenges when scanning brachial and lumbosacral plexuses. However, 3D NerveVIEW suffers from long acquisition times. Therefore, in this study we acquired 3D NerveVIEW with compressed SENSE to accelerate scan times and assessed images for motion and pulsation artefacts, nerve signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, and nerve signal-to-fat signal ratio. 3D NerveVIEW with compressed SENSE leads to significant time savings without significant changes in image quality. |
| 2961 | Computer 140
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Magnetic resonance Propeller technique in reducing signal loss artifacts in sinus |
1Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China |
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To discuss the clinical application of MR Propeller technique in eliminating the signal loss artifacts of sinus images. 30 cases were performed routine sinus MR examination, underwent Propeller T2 weighted imaging (WI), and the images were compared with IDEAL T2WI sequence. The two image sets were evaluated for overall image quality, signal-to-noise rate(SNR)and contrast-to-noise rate(CNR)，respectively. The signal loss artifacts were significantly reduced by Propeller T2WI scanning, and the SNR and CNR, image quality were significantly improved. Propeller T2WI technique can obviously reduce the signal loss artifacts by magnetic-susceptibility, and can significantly improve the image quality for clinical diagnosis |
| 2962 | Computer 141
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Isointense Clot Sign as a Predictor of Complete Recanalization in Patients with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis |
1Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Emergency, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 5Radiology, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Malaysia |
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This study aims to investigate the association of thrombus characteristics with complete recanalization in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) patients undergoing endovascular treatment using Magnetic Resonance Black-blood Thrombus Imaging (MRBTI). There was more detection of isointense clot sign (ICS) in complete recanalization group than partial recanalization group. Logistic regression analysis showed that ICS was associated with complete recanalization, which means ICS on MRBTI can be a predictor of complete recanalization in CVST patients having endovascular treatment. So, we think that MRBTI will improve efficacy of endovascular therapy and help eliminate adverse outcomes. |
| 2963 | Computer 142
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Changes in Cerebellar and Brainstem Tissue Motion in Chiari Malformation Type I Patients Following Posterior Fossa Decompression Surgery |
1Conquer Chiari Research Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, United States, 2Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Chiari type I malformation (CMI) patients have altered brain morphology and tissue motion compared to healthy controls. This motion may be the underlying cause of Chiari symptoms, such as occipital headaches. Highly symptomatic patients may be treated with posterior fossa decompression (PFD) surgery to restore cerebrospinal fluid flow and relieve brainstem compression. To quantitatively assess changes in brain tissue motion before and after surgery, we examined brainstem and cerebellar tissue displacement before and after surgery in 10 patients using spiral cine DENSE MRI. We found that tissue displacement in these structures in CMI patients is significantly reduced by PFD surgery. |
| 2964 | Computer 143
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An investigation of the spatial FOV fold-over oversampling effects in the phase signal of flow-encoding cerebral 2D Cine PC-MRI: an application in phantom and volunteers. |
1MRI Research GIE-FF, CHU Amiens Picardie, Amiens, France, 2Pole Imagerie, CHU Amiens Picardie, Amiens, France |
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Acquiring high spatial resolution cine phase contrast MRI to quantify the blood flow (arteries or veins) and the cerebrospinal fluid flow (aqueduct or cervical) is challenging. The need for large number of voxels in such small section area is required to accurately quantify the flows measurements. Reduced FOV with fold-over suppression instead of spatial pre-saturation slab is an alternative to such application. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of oversampling option in the VNR and both the blood and CSF flow velocities measurements ex-vivo and in-vivo. |
| 2965 | Computer 144
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The Use of PC Cine MRI for the Evaluation of Treatment Efficacy of ETV in Patients with Obstructive Hydrocephalus |
1Radiology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan, China, Cheng du, Sichuan, China, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China, China |
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Phase contrast cine MRI technology can help us understand the pathogenesis of diseases impacting the cerebral ventricular system by quantitatively analyzing intracranial flow of blood and cerebrospinal fluid and can provide a basis for research on new clinical treatments on these diseases. In this study, the non-invasive phase contrast cine MRI technique was used to quantitatively analyze the circulatory dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid and cerebral blood flow in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus. Early postoperative prognosis indicators were determined by comparing patients with healthy controls and by comparing pre- and post-operative results within the patient group. |
| 2966 | Computer 145
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The value of DWI in the pre-treatment prediction of progression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma based on MRI radiomics |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center, Shenzhen, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China, 3Huiying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China |
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Radiomics provides a new evaluation method for the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by extracting high throughput of quantitative descriptors from routinely acquired medical images. However, the research of the prognosis prediction of NPC based on radiomics derived from DWI images hasn’t been reported yet. The present study explores the value of DWI images in the pretreatment predictive of NPC with radiomics methods. By comparing the performance of three classifiers and different MRI sequences, we found that combined DWI and T2W showed optimal pretreatment predictive performance of NPC. |
| 2967 | Computer 146
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Cine imaging using water (saline) bolus for investigating swallowing problems (dysphagia) in Parkinson’s Disease |
1Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department ENT, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, India, 3Department Physiology, ESI Dental College, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 5Department of Neurology, Lady Harding Medical College, New Delhi, India |
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Swallowing a basic oromotor function for survival, investigated with videofluoroscopy (VFS) and flexible endoscopic evaluation (FEES) have limitations either of ionizing radiation, soft-tissue details or of invasiveness. Further clinical examination is challenged with cognitive impairment in degenerative diseases, so non-invasive technique is required for appropriate management. Cine magnetic resonance imaging (dynamic MRI, dMRI) and T2 weighting visualize saline water hyperintensity signal for tissue-bolus contrast without any gadolinium agent. This pilot study reveals dMRI as sensitive non-invasive technique for measuring all the four phases. In motor degenerative diseases like Parkinson’s Disease aids detecting early signs of dysphagia for optimal intervention. |
| 2968 | Computer 147
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Inefficient cranial venous outflow in patients with Meniere’s disease |
1Radiology, Santa Maria del Carmine, Rovereto, Italy, 2Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy, 3Computational Life Inc., Delaware, DE, United States, 4Otorhinolaryngology, Dr, Rovereto, Italy, 5DICAM, Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy |
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Meniere’s disease (MD) patients have a high incidence of abnormal neck venous vessels. This results in hampered cerebral venous outflow, disturbed intracranial dynamics, hampered CFS reabsorption, increased venous pressure and intracranial pressure (ICP), disturbed inner ear circulation and possibly disturbed perilymphatic and endolymphatics fluid spaces. Such disturbed intracranial dynamics may help explain endolymphatic hydrops and underlying mechanisms in MD. In this study we performed magnetic resonance venography (MRV) and phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI) in patients with MD to study the anatomy of the extracranial venous vessels and flow in various cranial compartments. |
| 2969 | Computer 151
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Automatic Brain Tissue Detection using Rapid 3D Quantification of R1 and R2 Rates and Proton Density |
1CMIV, Linköping, Sweden, 2SyntheticMR AB, Linköping, Sweden, 3Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Radiology, Linköping, Sweden, 4Radiation Physics, Linköping, Sweden |
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Absolute quantification of R1 and R2 relaxation rates and proton density PD has been gaining considerable attention in recent years. Quantification provides an absolute scaling of patient properties that is independent of MR scanner settings or imperfections. Simultaneous quantification of R1, R2 and PD has mostly been restricted to 2D acquisitions methods, with relatively thick slices. A novel rapid 3D quantification method provides the maps at 1.2 mm isotropic resolution in 6 minutes scan time. The method was validated against a more established 2D method to measure white matter, grey matter, CSF and myelin volumes in the brain |
| 2970 | Computer 152
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Comparison of AIR Coil Technology to Conventional Head Coils for Neuro Imaging |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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A 16-channel head coil using novel Adaptive Image Receive (AIR) technology was compared to 8-channel and 32-channel head coils on the Compact 3T system in nine healthy subjects using MPRAGE, FLAIR, GRE, and T2 FSE pulse sequences. Two neuroradiologists graded the AIR coil against the 8-channel and 32-channel coils on signal-to-noise ratio, gray-white matter contrast, lesion depiction, artifact, and overall image quality. On average the AIR coil performed similar to the 8-channel head coil, though not as well as the 32-channel coil. This study demonstrates feasibility of AIR coil technology for imaging of the brain and denotes areas on which future coil designs may improve. |
| 2971 | Computer 153
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A Single-Compartment Perfusion Phantom for ASL-MRI |
1Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsilvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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ASL MRI uses arterial blood water as a diffusible tracer for noninvasive quantification of CBF in physiological units. To produce reliable results across platforms and across subjects, ASL MRI protocols need to be calibrated against a sample with known properties, but it is challenging to simulate tissue perfusion in a mechanical phantom. In this study we present a 3D printed ASL perfusion phantom based on a fluid dynamics model. |
| 2972 | Computer 154
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Rapid Volumetric Imaging of the Spinal Cord using AMIRA-3D |
1Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Switzerland, 2Dept. of Radiology, Radiological Physics, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland |
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For fast volumetric spinal cord imaging, a 3D acquisition strategy for the recently published Averaged Magnetization Inversion Recovery Acquisitions (AMIRA) approach was developed: AMIRA-3D. It typically acquires 12 slices with a resolution of 0.67 x 0.67 x 3.0 mm3 in 5:27 min, which represents an acquisition time of just 27 secs per slice. As common to all AMIRA approaches, images with remarkable different tissue contrast are acquired for each slice (or partition) simultaneously. Some of these images can be combined to both enhance and fine-tune the desired tissue contrast. |
| 2973 | Computer 155
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Clinically viable g-ratio imaging with unified readout at 3T: evaluation and comparison |
1Queen Square MS Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 5Philips UK, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom, 6Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 7Brain MRI 3T Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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The current way of performing g-ratio imaging is via multi-modal MRI with mixed readouts. This approach can limit the geometrical correspondence of multi-modal maps required for g- ratio calculation. Here we compare g-ratio imaging performed with innovative unified spin echo EPI readout to standard mixed-readout measurements (spoiled gradient echo and spin echo EPI). A unified readout is a feasible alternative to mixed readouts: both provide biologically plausible metrics, with comparable scan-rescan repeatability. Additionally, a unified EPI readout is compatible with multiband acceleration, and enables joint multi-contrast modelling. Our work paves the way for richer multi-contrast acquisitions that could improve g-ratio imaging. |
| 2974 | Computer 156
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Continuously visualizing slow flow using SSFP |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2Research and Development Center, Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan, 3National Sales Division, Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan, 4Toshiba Rinkan Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan |
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A novel technique that can visualize relatively slow flow continously. It is based on SSFP sequence, and gradient pulses are added to introduce spatially linear field gradient. When the steady state is reached, dark bands appear due to the large linear field gradient. When the spins move, these dark band moves following the spin motion, and the flow can be visualized as the motion of the dark bands. Numerical simulation was performed to verify the response to flow, and volunteer images were also taken. It can be a powerful tool to investigate CSF flow. |
| 2975 | Computer 157
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Simultaneous Multi-Slice Spin and Gradient Echo Dynamic Susceptibility-Contrast Perfusion Imaging of Gliomas |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Orsay, France, 4Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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DSC MRI allows for the characterization of first-pass hemodynamics by measuring signal intensity variation resulting from susceptibility changes during the injection of a paramagnetic contrast agent. Simultaneous spin and gradient-echo (SAGE) DSC MRI sequences can provide perfusion parameters that are sensitive to both microvasculature and larger vessels facilitating the measurement of vessel size and correcting for T1 leakage effects. This work evaluates the integration of SAGE EPI with a simultaneous multi-slice excitation to attain high temporal resolution DSC perfusion with full brain coverage. Two protocols with different multi-band acceleration factors were compared in patients with glioma. |
| 2976 | Computer 158
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Slice-Accelerated Inner-Volume Cervical Spinal Cord Diffusion MRI |
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Cardiac-gated reduced-field of view (FOV) axial cervical spinal cord (C-spine) diffusion MRI (dMRI) has become a mainstay acquisition protocol to achieve tract-specific quantification of tissue microstructure in the C-spine. Building on our previous work in tract-specific C-spine dMRI, we summarize our experiences in combining slice-acceleration (i.e., multiband) with inner-volume-imaging (IVI) for quantitative C-spine dMRI at both 3T and 7T. |
| 2977 | Computer 159
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Smart BrainQuant: Ten high quality 3D clinically meaningful contrasts/maps in 6 min on 1.5T using DNN |
1Neusoft Medical Systems, Shanghai, China |
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Multi-contrast MR imaging is necessary for clinical diagnosis. Conventional methods require long acquisition time which impede its clinical application. Last year, we proposed a method to acquire 12 high quality contrasts/maps with 0.67×1.33×2.7 mm3 in 8 minutes on 1.5T [1]. In this work, based on deep learning with complete data fidelity, a novel technique called Smart BrainQuant is proposed to further reduce scan time and improve image quality. Feasibility experiments demonstrate that it is achievable to acquire ten 3D contrast/maps with 0.67×0.89×2.7 mm3 in less than 6 minutes on 1.5T with similar image quality to images using the fully acquired data. |
| 2978 | Computer 160
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Towards 1 min brain morphometry - evaluating compressed-sensing MPRAGE |
1Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthineers, Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 6École Polytechnique, Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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A new MR scan acceleration method, employing incoherent undersampling and compressed-sensing reconstructions, can reduce the scan time for a 1.0 mm MPRAGE to 60-90 seconds, depending on acceleration level. We have validated the morphometrics from a prototype compressed-sensing MPRAGE sequence, with different levels of acceleration, with those from conventional MPRAGE scans. Surfaces created from the compressed-sensing MPRAGE images match those from the conventional scan well. Bulk morphometric values such as total gray and white matter volume, and average cortical thickness are similar to those determined with a conventional MPRAGE scan. |
| 2979 | Computer 161
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MR Inversion Recovery Simulation and Scanning of Subjects with Focus on White Matter Lesion Contrast Optimization |
1Diagnostic Physics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 2Radiography Ullevål/Aker, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, 3Radiology Ullevål/Aker, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway |
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A MatLab-based inversion recovery sequence simulator/calculator was developed with the purpose of determining and testing optimal parameters for 3D IR acquisitions with the purpose of detecting Multiple Sclerosis lesions in brains. Single inversion FLAIR and dual inversion DIR sequences were studied including a “T1-nulled” DIR sequence removing the undesired T1 weighting inherent in IR sequences to improve lesion-WM contrast. A T2 preparation phase further helps facilitate T1 suppression.
Optimized IR sequences were tested on healthy volunteers and some MS patients, on 1.5 T and 3.0 T MR scanners. Good lesion contrast efficiency with high SNR was found for T1-nulled DIR. |
| 2980 | Computer 162
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Short- and long-term reliability of BOLD signal change induced by breath holding: Comparison and validation at 1.5T and 3T |
1Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) plays important role in the normalization and/or correction of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. But its reliability at the relatively lower field strengths such as 1.5T, to our knowledge, no study has systematically been conducted to date. By performing the systemic evaluations to compare the short- and long-term reliability of BH-induced CVR at 1.5T and 3T, we found reliable measurements of hemodynamic lag of the BOLD response, t-statistics, and activated cortical gray matter at both field strengths, suggesting that CVR measurement can be performed equally well at 1.5T and 3T. |
| 2981 | Computer 163
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Accelerated Compressed Sensing 3D multi-parametric imaging Toward Isotropic1mm3 Imaging |
1MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 2Radiology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3Radiology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 5SyntheticMR, Linkoping, Sweden, 6MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Menlo Park, CA, United States, 7ASL Europe, GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 8Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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A multi-parametric technique, 3D QALAS, accelerated using compressed sensing, was implemented to yield images of the brain at high spatial resolution of 1mm isotropic with multiple contrast weightings as well as parametric maps from a single scan. Compressed sensing factor of 1.5 combined with parallel imaging was used to accelerate scan time. The proposed 3D technique is expected to achieve both stable image quality and tissue segmentation accuracy with short imaging time. |
| 2982 | Computer 164
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Development of an Express MRI Protocol for Pediatric Brain Imaging in a Clinical Setting |
1GE Healthcare, Brooklyn, NY, United States, 2Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York City, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to develop a routine express MRI protocol for pediatric brain imaging that would provide consistent and robust image quality in one-fourth the scan time of current industry standard protocols, utilizing Fast Spin Echo (FSE) T1, FLAIR, T2w, Gradient Echo (GRE) T2*, and Diffusion Weighted Echo Plane Imaging (DW-EPI) sequences. Evaluation was performed on a group of 20 patients and results indicated that imaging using the express brain protocol was of clinically sufficient diagnostic quality and allowed for a significant reduction in overall scan times compared to industry standard routine brain imaging protocols. |
| 2983 | Computer 165
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Motion-Robust, Multi-Contrast Rapid Brain Screening Employing Single-Shot FSE with Variable Refocusing Flip Angle |
1Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, New York City, NY, United States, 2Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare Canada, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Radiology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States |
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This study’s purpose was to compare single-shot with variable refocusing flip angle (vrfSSFSE) and standard multi-shot Fast Spin Echo (FSE) T1, FLAIR and T2w for pediatric brain evaluation. The resulting data shows in 5 subjects that vrfSSFSE provides clinically-acceptable diagnostic quality with a significant reduction in overall examination scan times and reduced motion/ghosting related artifacts typically observed with standard FSE imaging sequences. |
| 2984 | Computer 166
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SNR Comparisons of the Coils used for Neonatal Imaging |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States |
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Neonatal brain MRI is widely used in clinical and research scans, in which images are acquired with adult head coils or special neonatal head coils. However, the performances of these coils are not very clear. In this work, we provided detailed comparisons of the signal-to-noise ratio with five noise measurement methods, among adult 8-channel head coil, adult 32-channel head coil, and neonatal 8-channel head coil. The results suggested that adult 8-channel coil has the highest signal-to-noise ratio. |
| 2985 | Computer 167
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Whole brain myelin imaging using a Double Echo Sliding Inversion Recovery ultrashort echo time (DESIRE-UTE) magnetic resonance imaging |
1Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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To image myelin in brain more robustly on clinical scanners, we propose a Double Echo Sliding Inversion Recovery ultrashort echo time (DESIRE-UTE) technique for volumetric myelin imaging in vivo. A series of images with different T1 contrasts can be generated by a single scan. The images with a best signal nulling of long T2 components can be easily found in the second echo image series with a minimum long T2 signals. Then myelin images were generated by dual-echo subtraction for both volunteer and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The myelin imaging show clearly signal loss in MS lesions in patient study. |
| 2986 | Computer 168
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Cellular correlates of multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging in the human cerebral cortex |
1Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Bloorview Research Institute, East York, ON, Canada, 3CUBRIC, School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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To investigate the neurobiological underpinnings of common parametric MRI maps, including T1, T2 relaxation, myelin water fraction (MWF), magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), and synthetic T1w/T2w ratio, using a virtual histology approach. Simply put, we relate inter-regional profiles of these MR measures to inter-regional profiles of cell- specific gene-expression profiles. We observe a relationship between oligodendrocyte- specific gene-expression with profiles of T2, MWF, synthetic T1w/T2w – interpreted as sensitive to intra-cortical myelination. Lastly, MTR was not correlated with oligodendrocyte specific profile, rather with profiles of dendritic arbour enriched gene sets (CA1 pyramidal, and ependymal cells). |
| 2987 | Computer 169
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Fast multi-contrast EPI protocol: Preliminary experience with acute intracranial pathologies in the emergency department. |
1Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Boston, MA, United States, 3Karolinska Institute, Karolinska, Sweden, 4Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden |
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Prospective analysis of the diagnostic performance of a fast multi-contrast EPI sequence compared to conventional sequences. A sample of 30 cases (out of 190) was evaluated and head-to-head comparisons were performed for the visualization of clinically relevant intracranial pathologies. Our findings suggest that this multi-contrast EPI sequence could potentially provide an acceptable diagnostic alternative to the core conventional brain MRI sequences in selected populations that cannot tolerate long MRI examinations in the Emergency Department. |
| 2988 | Computer 170
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Efficient Quantitative MT (qMT) imaging using 3D Segmented EPI readout Variable Flip angle Magnetization Transfer (EP-vfMT) methods |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yong-in, Korea, Republic of, 2Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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In this study, newly proposed combined consecutive qMT acquisition scheme was compared with individual MT scan method. Proposed method provides a similar but slightly improved qMT map with slightly higher MT saturation in a clinically feasible scan time. The effect of varying NEX on signal variation of F-map was also investigated. These results suggest that NEX with 2 or 3 is appropriate for the patient scan when considering acquisition time. The EP-vfMT F-map shows high reproducibility (averaged voxel-wise correlation was 0.94 ± 0.03, n=5). These features make the proposed method appealing for clinical neuroimaging applications. |
| 2989
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Computer 171
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Multimodal data revealed different biological substrates underlying intelligence for young males and females |
1Brainnetome Center, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3the Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 4Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 5Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Brain Science, Institute of Automation, Beijing, China |
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Individual differences in intelligence are usually measured using psychometric tests, which cover multifaceted cognitive domains and are strongly predictive of various life outcomes. Here, we employed connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to estimate individual’s IQ scores using either cortical thickness in grey matter or resting-state functional connectivity within fully cross-validations for males and females separately. Importantly, integrating multimodal neuroimaging data using CPM achieved improved prediction performance. Interestingly, we found that males and females use distinctively structured brains to achieve |
| 2990
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Computer 172
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Non-invasive Deep-brain Optogenetic fMRI Mediated by 808 nm Infrared-sensitized Upconversion Nanoparticles |
1Electrical and electronic engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 3Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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Typically, optogenetic fMRI is presented at the target region through an implanted optical fiber. Despite the use of small fibers that range from 100µm-400µm in diameter that will ensure minimal brain tissue injury during insertion, it remains an invasive procedure as small brain regions could be easily damaged. In this study, we aim to demonstrate a solution to make non-invasive optogenetic stimulation viable, particularly when used in combination with fMRI to stimulate deep brain regions. We propose the use of our recently developed upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), which can be triggered to emit blue light by penetrative near-infrared light (NIR; 808nm) and excite channelrhodopsins (ChR2) expressed in ventral posteromedial (VPM) thalamocortical excitatory neurons. |
| 2991 | Computer 173
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Progress towards direct in-vivo detection and mapping of neuronal activity |
1Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Currently, despite much effort to probe the possibility of using MRI for directly detecting and mapping the neuronal activity, the results are inconclusive. Herein, to build upon our previous works, we present new results of using MRI to directly detect and map the neuronal activity with a high temporal resolution up to 4.5 ms. Using a low-flip angle gradient-echo line-scan method, we observed indications of propagating image intensity changes along an electrically stimulated live earthworm at 9.4 T. |
| 2992 | Computer 174
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The clinical condition to be assessed by radiological assessment significantly influences the radiological scores of Compressed Sensing accelerated 3D brain MRI |
1Institute for Digital Communications, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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This study shows that it is important to clearly define the correct clinical question that needs to be answered before the radiological assessment of accelerated 3D gradient echo brain scans for clinical diagnosis. |
| 2993 | Computer 175
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Improved quantitative accuracy using ultrahigh resolution DTI-guided QSM |
1Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been increasingly used to help access the brain development, especially white matter myelination. However, the quantitative accuracy is limited by its angle dependence to the magnetic field. In this study, ultrahigh resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to delineate the fiber bundles (i.e. corpus callosal fibers), followed by tract-based QSM to minimize the angle dependence and accurately assess magnetic susceptibility changes in different brain regions. |
| 2994 | Computer 1
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The relationship between baseline PETCO2 measurements and cerebral blood flow: The importance of resting vascular tension in perfusion-based studies |
1Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada |
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Measures of cerebral blood flow (CBF) are often used to examine cerebral physiology after sport-related concussion. Carbon dioxide modulates CBF and determines resting vascular tension yet studies rarely account for this. This study examined the effect of the end tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) on CBF in athletes. PETCO2 accounted for 14% of the variance in CBF and this increased to 37% when age and sex were included. No prior studies examining SRC and CBF have accounted for resting PETCO2. Future studies should move from univariate to multivariate methods to ensure that CBF-based estimates are interpreted correctly. |
| 2995 | Computer 2
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Metabolite Levels Differ in Contact and Non-Contact Sport Female Varsity Athletes |
1Medical Biophysics, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 2Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 3Fowler Kennedy Sport Medicine Clinic, London, ON, Canada, 4University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 5London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada |
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Reduced glutamine levels were previously found in the prefrontal white matter of female varsity rugby athletes after a season of play potentially induced by exercise or caused by sub-concussive hits. The current study examined a group of non-contact female varsity athletes and found no changes in glutamine levels, ruling out an exercise effect. Additionally, differences in absolute N-acetyl aspartate, creatine, myo-inositol, glutamate and glutamine were found between rugby players and non-contact athletes. With the future addition of a sedentary group, these data have the potential to elucidate the beneficial and negative effects of exercise and contact play. |
| 2996
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Computer 3
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Structural and functional neuroimaging changes in female rugby players with and without a history of concussion |
1Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Kinesiology, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Primary Care Sport Medicine, Fowler Kennedy Sports Medicine, London, ON, Canada, 4Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 5Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 6Anatomy and Cell Biology, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 7Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 8Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 9Paediatrics Critical Care Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 10Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 11Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 12Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada |
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In this study we acquired diffusion and resting state fMRI data from female varsity rugby players, rowers and swimmers during the in- and off-season and found (a) significant alterations in the corpus callosum that correlated with altered default mode network connectivity with the posterior cingulate cortex as well as (b) fluctuations in white matter diffusion measures within the brainstem in contact athletes compared to non-contact athletes. Together this suggests that repetitive subclinical impacts incur both acute and long-term changes to brain microstructure and function despite lack of symptoms or even a history of concussion. |
| 2997
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Computer 4
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Multi-parametric analysis reveals metabolic and vascular effects driving differences in BOLD cerebrovascular reactivity associated with a history of sport concussion |
1Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, 2Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Center, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 3Department of Surgery, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada |
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In this study, we identified robust differences in BOLD-CVR across the brain which were explained, in part, by hemodynamic parameters relating to CBF modulation, and resting metabolic and vascular physiology. These results emphasize that while BOLD-CVR offers promises as a surrogate biomarker for cerebrovascular health, following sport-concussion, multiple hemodynamic parameters can affect its relative measurements. Thus, multi-parametric approaches like the one proposed here should be considered, in order to better understand how head injuries can relate to changes in the vascular reactivity of the brain, post-injury, and avoid naïve interpretation of neuroimaging findings. |
| 2998 | Computer 5
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High impact sports and microstructural changes in cortical brain tissue: a 4-year longitudinal study of collegiate athletes |
1Stanford, Stanford, CA, United States, 2University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany |
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Exposure to repeated high-velocity impacts may contribute to increased risk of cognitive impairment. However, there has been limited long-term longitudinal investigations into brain tissue change in high-impact sports. In this large 4-year longitudinal DTI study, high (football) and low-contact (volleyball) athletes show a temporal double dissociation in cortical microstructure: in both the frontal and temporal lobes, cortical FA increases over time in volleyball compared to football. While an increase in ICVF underlies this FA increase in frontal cortex, a decrease in ODI underlies this FA increase in temporal cortex. Exposure to high-impact sports may alter cortical microstructural development. |
| 2999 | Computer 6
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Significant Reductions in Brain Cortical Volumes and Regional Cerebral Blood Flows after Playing College Football 2 to 3 Years |
1Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 2Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 3Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States |
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There has been growing concern over sports-related brain injuries and their long-term effects. However, the cumulative effect of sub-concussive hits on the brain is still poorly understood. Twenty-one male Division I collegiate football athletes completed T1 volumetric and arterial spin labeling MRI scans at freshman year with follow-up 2-3 years later. Significant reductions in both brain global and regional cortical volumes were observed. Interestingly, cerebral blood flow was significantly reduced in regions associated with the default-mode network. These changes point to potential long-term effects of sub-concussive hits on the brain. |
| 3000 | Computer 7
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Low-Magnitude Hits Matter: Single-Season Longitudinal DTI Study on Asymptomatic High School Football Players |
1School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 3Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, MA, United States, 4Institute for Aging Research Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 6Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 7Department of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States |
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The potential consequences of repeated low-magnitude head acceleration events ( |
| 3001 | Computer 8
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QSM Detects Post-Concussion Changes in Subcortical Gray Matter Susceptibility |
1Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Neurosurgergy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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A longitudinal QSM study of sports concussion in 80 injured and control athletes is presented. Regional ROI analysis demonstrated group susceptibility effects that reproduced a previous smaller cohort study finding that QSM diffusely increased in the white matter after sports concussion. In addition, this larger cohort study identified a significant acute trend of decreased susceptibility in sub-cortical gray matter, which is indicative of the calcium influx that is known to occur during the neurometabolic cascade following brain injury. The subcortical gray matter QSM decrease correlated strongly with clinical injury severity metrics. |
| 3002 | Computer 9
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Neurometabolite changes in College Hockey Players Correlated with Repetitive Head Impacts |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Neurotrauma Research Laboratory, Michigan Concussion Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States, 4Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States |
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Repetitive head impacts can lead to long-term cognitive deficits and neurodegenerative diseases such as chronic traumatic encephalopathy. To further understand the effects of repetitive subconcussive head impacts, this study aimed to measure neurochemical concentrations throughout a season of collegiate hockey and examine the relation between subconcussive impacts and neurochemical changes using telemetry and MRS data. As seen in previous studies, players experienced an increase in N-acetyl aspartate and choline. Interestingly, post season NAA was negatively correlated with some telemetry metrics. |
| 3003 | Computer 10
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Decreased Brain Temperature in Former NFL Athletes |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Center For Clinical Spectroscopy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 3Boston University, Boston, MA, United States, 4Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 6Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany, 7VA Boston Healthcare System, Brockton, MA, United States |
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Currently, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is only diagnosed post-mortem, therefore advanced imaging has an opportunity to identify biomarkers for this disease. This study’s goal is to use Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and MR Thermography (MRT) to measure cerebral temperature differences between retired former NFL players (n = 50) suspected of CTE and controls (n = 13). The NFL players were found to have lower brain temperature than the controls (p = 0.0340). These finding suggest there is a metabolic difference between those suspected of CTE and healthy controls. |
| 3004 | Computer 11
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Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow after Youth Sport-Related Concussion and with Recovery |
1Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Faculty of Kinesiology and Departments of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Dept of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), including sport-related concussion, is a major health issue. Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) following concussion, as measured by arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI, may potentially be an indicator of injury or recovery. Compared to healthy controls, we found that CBF was significantly decreased in recently concussed youth ( within 14 days post-injury) within the regions of the occipital and parietal lobes, including the right precuneus. For these regions, CBF of recovered youth was greater than recently concussed and less than controls, though not significantly different from either group. |
| 3005 | Computer 12
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MR Elastography (MRE)-assessed skull-brain coupling is affected by sports-related repetitive head impacts (RHI) |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 3Naval Research Laboratory, Code 7160, Washington, DC, United States |
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Repetitive head impacts (RHI) in contact sports are known to be associated with altered brain structure and increased concussion susceptibility. Here, MR elastography-based assessment of skull-brain mechanical coupling was used as a new biomarker to assess the RHI-related injury. With novel MRE techniques to directly measure skull-brain displacement, this study aimed to determine the repeatability of MRE-measured mechanical coupling parameters and to assess their changes in RHI subjects. Results demonstrate good repeatability and show preliminary evidence that rotational transmission is significantly higher in RHI group, presumably due to the degradation of the damping capabilities of the protective pia-arachnoid complex following RHI. |
| 3006 | Computer 13
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Magnetic resonance elastography of repeated head impacts: Mechanical properties of the brain in collegiate hockey players |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States, 2Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States |
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In this study, we use magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to examine the effects of a season of collegiate hockey on brain biomechanics to better understand the neurological impact of traumatic brain injury. We scanned 13 collegiate-level hockey players at four time points over the course over year using MRE to quantify the possible changes to the viscoelastic mechanical properties caused by repeated head impacts. We discovered that both stiffness and damping ratio changed over the course of the hockey season and then had some recovery after the season, indicating a complex pathology that can be quantified with MRE. |
| 3007 | Computer 14
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Monitoring subtle brain structural changes following concussion through advanced texture analysis of standard MRI scans |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Concussion is a severe health problem and occurs extremely common in contact sports. Clinical MRI is typically used to detect brain abnormalities following injury. However, focal brain pathologies are rarely found. We applied a local spatial frequency-based texture analysis method to evaluate whether invisible MRI changes exist and how they evolve following concussion. Results show that T2 texture spectra decreased uniformly at 2 weeks, continuing at 2 months before recovering thereafter towards baseline in concussed subjects. There were no changes in the non-concussed groups. Advanced texture analysis of clinical MRI may help monitor subtle brain structural changes following concussion. |
| 3008 | Computer 15
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Determine Cerebro-Spinal Fluid Volume to Verify the Role Dehydration Plays in Traumatic Brain Injury |
1Physics and Mathematics, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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In contact sports, it is common to see frequent head injuries or indeed traumatic brain injuries (TBI) from minor impacts which anecdotally appear increased as a result of concussion. There is little agreement in the literature regarding the change in CSF volume as a function of dehydration. Here we measure the volume using TrueFISP at 1.5T (Avanto, Siemens, DE) and thresholding images to determine the number of CSF voxels. Imaging reveals a decrease in CSF owing to dehydration. New rehydration regimens should allow for reduction in TBI incidence. |
| 3009 | Computer 16
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Altered Functional Connectivity during N-Back Task is Associated with Cognitive Deficits in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury |
1Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan |
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A subgroup of patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) suffers from a series of cognitive symptoms, including the memory loss and attention deficit. In our study, we investigated the alterations of functional connectivity during N-back working memory task in 46 mTBI and 43 HC using independent component analysis. Despite both groups revealed comparable performances during task, mTBI showed lower functional connectivity in several task-related neural networks that can be correlated with the cognitive complaints. We concluded that the alterations of neural networks may indicate cognitive symptoms after mTBI. |
| 3010 | Computer 17
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TBI-induced alterations in white matter microstructure relate to impairments in cognition and psychological functioning |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Pediatrics, Univesity of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was performed one-two years after severe traumatic brain injury in a cohort of pre-adolescent and adolescent children. The study investigated the relationships between DTI measures and variations in performance for memory and executive function, and overall clinical dysfunction. Mean diffusivity (MD) in the fornix correlated with learning and verbal tasks. MD in the corpus callosum and global white matter was related to global fuction. |
| 3011 | Computer 18
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White Matter Microstructural Change Following Traumatic Brain Injury Assessed by Biophysical Modeling using Simultaneous Multi-Slice Multi-Shell Diffusion MRI |
1National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE), Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is difficult to diagnose and characterize. In this study, we applied simultaneous multi-slice multi-shell diffusion MRI to assess white matter microstructural changes in chronic military mTBI. Preliminary results showed parameters derived from diffusion MRI biophysical modeling are superior to the parameters derived from diffusion tensor imaging in differentiating tissues with distinct structural and architectural features, and thus has increased ability to identify microstructural changes in mTBI. |
| 3012 | Computer 19
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Mild TBI Patients Continue to Recover from Perfusion Deficits Months after Initial Injury Evaluated with Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Imaging |
1National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2The NorthTide Group LLC, Sterling, VA, United States, 3Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Dynamic susceptibility imaging was performed on 7 mild TBI (mTBI) patients and 16 aged matched controls. Patients were scanned at three intervals: 143 ± 56 days, 277 ± 72 days and 918 ± 353 days after injury. The rCBF of mTBI patients in the cerebellum and cuneus was lower compared to the controls at the fist scan, but continued to increase over time. As a result, mTBI patients demonstrated similar rCBF of the control subjects at the last scan. This finding suggests mTBI patients continue to recover from perfusion deficits months after their initial injury. |
| 3013 | Computer 20
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Perfusion and brain volume loss after traumatic brain injury |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Division of Intramural Research, National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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How can we identify traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients at risk for long-term brain injury? In this longitudinal study, 57 patients with a relatively good clinical status on admission underwent MRI within 48 hours and at 90 days after injury. Brain volume changes were markedly larger in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (-3.2%) compared to patients without subarachnoid hemorrhage (-0.4%; P <0.001). Perfusion was moderately correlated with brain volume change at 90 days (ρ = 0.39; P = 0.003). This demonstrates the utility of imaging markers on acute MRI, especially subarachnoid blood, to identify patients at risk for long-term brain injury. |
| 3014 | Computer 21
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Analysis of automatically extracted structural features to describe traumatic brain injury severity |
1Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) prediction is one of the greatest challenges in recent years. The probability of developing PTE is strongly connected with injury severity. Accordingly, having an automated alternative to clinician scoring, to measure injury severity, could be helpful to measure the progression of the disease in view of finding PTE biomarkers. Therefore, we have conducted a study aimed to evaluate if injury severity can be established from automatic analyses of MRI data in a way comparable to manual clinical scoring. We found a statistical association between morphological features and two clinical scores used to quantify injury severity. |
| 3015 | Computer 22
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Elevated serum inflammation-related cytokines predict longitudinal changes of white matter integrity in mild traumatic brain injury |
1Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, China, 2The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 4Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 5Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian, China, 6Psychiatry & Neuroscience, Center for Neuroproteomics and Biomarkers Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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Mild traumatic brain injury ( |
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Longitudinal White-Matter Abnormalities in Sports-Related Concussion: A Study of Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium |
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 2Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States, 3Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 4Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapoilis, IN, United States, 5Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 6University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 8Virginia Tech University, Roanoke, VA, United States, 9University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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In this study, we investigated the longitudinal recovery trajectories of white-matter microstructures in collegiate athletes who sustained sports-related concussion (SRC). We use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to detect white-matter alterations in collegiate athletes longitudinally at four timepoints: 24-48 hours postinjury, the point at which asymptomatic (cleared for return-to-play), seven days following return-to-play, and six months postinjury. We are interested in the extent of white-matter abnormalities over time and whether the white-matter changes persist beyond the point when athletes are considered clinical recovered (i.e., with normal clinical assessments). |
| 3017 | Computer 24
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Effects of Tract Length in White Matter Alterations After Sports-Related Concussion: A Diffusion MRI Study from the NCAA-DoD CARE Consortium |
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 2Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN, United States, 3Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapoilis, IN, United States, 4Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 5University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 7Virginia Tech University, Roanoke, VA, United States, 8University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 9Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States |
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In the present study, we performed streamline tractography to characterize effects of tract length on white-matter microstructural alterations after sports-related concussion. Streamline length and counts were studied in affected white-matter fiber tracts that were found to have impaired white-matter integrity at some points along the tracts using voxel-based analyses. The results suggested that long fibers in the brains of collegiate athletes who sustained sports-related concussion are more vulnerable to this mild traumatic brain injury. |
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Computer 26
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Prediction of language lateralization in pediatric epilepsy patients: nodal efficiencies of clinical diffusion connectomes |
1Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Translational Imaging Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States, 3MD/PhD Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States, 5Neurology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Language typically utilizes left lateralized brain structures, but its specific localization is heterogeneous, which can complicate surgical approaches to pediatric epilepsy. This study used diffusion weighted connectome to explore the structural network properties of patients clinically characterized as “left language dominant” or “bilateral language dominant.” Nodal efficiency values in canonical language regions were found to be more left lateralized in left language dominant patients, improving prediction of group membership beyond clinical variables and identifying pairwise connections that further distinguished lateralization groups. Our findings support the utility of diffusion connectome in predicting language-dominant hemisphere for presurgical evaluation of pediatric epilepsy surgery. |
| 3019 | Computer 27
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Detection of abnormal cortical morphology in children and adolescence with intermittent exotropia by anatomic magnetic resonance imaging |
1Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 3Department of Optometry and Visual Science, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The current study used anatomic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to evaluate cortical structure alterations, age-related cortical and structural co-variance differences between children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and healthy controls. The morphologic changes in the visual cortex and associations cortices, different anatomical-age correlation, and abnormal structural co-variance were detected in IXT group. These findings suggest possible disruptions of the cortical visual networks and the cortical maturation in IXT. |
| 3020 | Computer 28
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Monozygotic twin differences in structural connectivity networks underlying Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptom severity |
1Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, 2Developmental Imaging, Clinical Sciences Theme, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, 3Developmental Imaging, Clinical Sciences Theme, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, 4Neuroscience research, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, 5Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, 6Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, Deakin University Medical School, Melbourne, Australia, 7Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia |
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Neurodevelopmental abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have yet to be reliably identified. Recent work suggests that a likely roadblock is the high degree of subject-specific variation in ASD. We previously implemented a validated network analysis method that identified an atypical functional network underlying individual differences in ASD symptom severity. Here we applied the same approach cross-modally to investigate the association between intra-pair differences in structural connectivity networks and within-twin-pair differences in ASD symptom severity in monozygotic twins. A single structural subnetwork was identified with similar hubs implicating the salience and face-perception networks in severity of social deficits in ASD. |
| 3021 | Computer 29
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Strategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE) Imaging as a Means for Multi-Contrast Quantitative Pediatric Neuroimaging with Minimized Sedation: A Pilot Study in Sturge-Weber Syndrome |
1Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Non-sedated, non-contrast rapid pediatric magnetic resonance imaging methods are of great interest to pediatric radiology. In this work, we explore the possibility of a multi-contrast, quantitative method referred to as STAGE imaging for minimizing or eliminating sedation in Sturge-Weber Syndrome by using a k-space sharing strategy which increases the resolution of susceptibility weighted imaging and quantitative susceptibility mapping. Preliminary results show the potential of STAGE which generates more than 10 pieces of qualitative and quantitative information in one 5-minute protocol at 3T. |
| 3022 | Computer 30
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Comparison of 2D BLADE and Spin-Echo Echo-Planar Diffusion-Weighted Brain MRI at 3 Tesla: Preliminary Experience in Children |
1Radiology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Siemens Medical Solutions, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China |
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We describe our preliminary experience using a GRASE (gradient-echo and spin-echo hybrid) based DWI-BLADE pulse sequence in 53 pediatric patients at 3T. On a 4-point scale for rating diagnostic image quality and impact of artifacts, 1 (best) – 4 (worst), a neuroradiologist scored conventional spin-echo EPI DWI 2.4±0.7 whilst BLADE scored 1.1±0.3 (p<0.01). Overall, DWI-BLADE exhibited less geometric distortion at the periphery of the brain, and reduced signal pile-ups at areas of high susceptibility. The pulse sequence is particularly useful in patients with shunts and dental fixtures and is a viable alternative to conventional spin-echo EPI DWI. |
| 3023 | Computer 31
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MRI quantitative assessment of neonatal hyperbilirubin brain damage |
1Department of Radiology, XIAN XD GROUP HOSPITAL, XIAN, China, 2GE Healthcare China, beijing, China, 3Baoji Municipal Central Hospital, baoji, China, 4Baoji Municipal Central Hospital, Baoji, China, 5XIAN XD GROUP HOSPITAL, XIAN, China |
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Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) is a common clinical disease and can cause bilirubin encephalopathy in severe cases，which may lead to serious sequelae such as hearing impairment, visual abnormality and mental retardation in children. Quantitatively evaluating the degree of brain damage in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia is of great significance for the prognosis of neonates.In this study, T1 value was measured in different brain regions of newborns with different serum bilirubin levels using T1 mapping, a new magnetic resonance imaging technology of 3.0T.The threshold value of T1 in neonates with bilirubin brain injury was obtained.It provides the quantitative reference index of neonatal hyperbilirubin brain damage for clinic. |
| 3024 | Computer 32
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INCORPORATING MRS BIOMARKERS INTO MULTICENTER CLINICAL TRIALS: QUALITY ASSURANCE RESULTS FROM THE HIGH-DOSE ERYTHROPOIETIN FOR ASPHYXIA AND ENCEPHALOPATHY (HEAL) TRIAL |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, CHLA Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 5Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States, 6Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 7Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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MR Spectroscopy (MRS) provides early biomarkers of brain injury and treatment response in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. We present preliminary data from the High-dose Erythropoietin for Asphyxia and Encephalopathy (HEAL) Trial (NCT02811263), comparing quality assurance parameters across MR vendors. Overall, we have been able to analyze MRS data obtained from 85% of patients who underwent MRI, although this rate is lower at sites operating GE MR systems. 92% of spectra met quality standards, with slight differences in FWHM and SNR by vendor. Overall, these data demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining reliable MRS data in a multicenter neonatal randomized controlled trial. |
| 3025 | Computer 33
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R2* relaxation rate of white matter in neonates and correlation with clinical predictors of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy |
1Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China, 2UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Objective: To evaluate the potential correlation between the clinical predictors of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and R2* relaxation rate, and the correlation between R2* and radial diffusivity (RD), axial diffusivity (AD). Methods: We obtained mean R2*, RD and AD within the whole white matter of 19 term infants with clinical diagnosis of HIE and 12 healthy controls. Results: R2*, RD and AD did not differ significantly between the healthy controls and infants with HIE. R2* did not associate with the clinical predictors of HIE. Reduced R2* was correlated with increased RD and AD. Conclusion: R2*, RD and AD do not show a clear relationship with clinically defined HIE. |
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Alterations of brain white matter in infants with begin enlargement of subarachnoid space by assessing conventional diffusion and WMTI metrics. |
1Department of Radiology, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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BESS is characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid in subarachnoid spaces; some infants with BESS were accompanied with mildly motor and language delay. White matter (WM) development is important to neurodevelopmental outcomes, but relationships between BESS and WM maturation are not very clear. This study aims to quantitative assess WM microstructures of in infant with BESS aged 4-6 months by conventional diffusion and WMTI metrics. Significant decreased FA, α and increased RD, AD, MD, RDe were found in infants with BESS. All results suggested underlying alterations of WM, especially for myelination outside axons. It may provide additional information for neurodevelopment outcomes. |
| 3027 | Computer 35
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Altered global white matter microstructure and structural brain connectivity in children born with extremely low birth weight |
1HUS Medical Imaging Center, Radiology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 2Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, 3Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 4Children´s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 5Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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Using diffusion MRI, we investigated white matter microstructure and structural brain connectivity in 11-year old children born with extremely low birth weight (ELBW) in comparison with full-term born children. Microstructural white matter properties were investigated within the tract skeleton, and constrained spherical deconvolution based probabilistic tractography and gray matter parcellation were used to reconstruct structural brain connectivity networks. We found decreased integrity and complexity of the white matter microstructure in ELBW, and increased segregation of the structural brain connectivity networks. In addition, the microstructural changes were associated with the administration of antenatal corticosteroids and with retinopathy of prematurity. |
| 3028 | Computer 36
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Characterization of neurobiochemical profiles in the neonates using GABA-edited Multi-voxel MR spectroscopy |
1University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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This study evaluated neurobiochemical profiles in 11 neonates using GABA-edited MR spectroscopy. |
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What’s shape got to do with it? Exploring subcortical shape and volume alterations in youth with congenital heart disease |
1Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Cardiology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Medical Imaging, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada, 6Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Centre – Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada |
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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of long-lasting neurodevelopmental impairment. Evaluating subtle neuroanatomical variation using magnetic resonance imaging data has been shown to be sensitive for capturing morphometric signatures related to neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we found morphometric differences in subcortical structures of youth with CHD even in the absence of volumetric differences. While we did not find any significant morphometric differences between groups for the striatum, we did find smaller surface area and inward bilateral inward displacement across the lateral surfaces of the globus pallidus and the thalamus in the CHD group compared to controls. |
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Characterization of Diffusion Anisotropy Alterations Associated with Dilated Virchow Robin Spaces in Simple Febrile Seizure Children between 12 and 48 Months |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, Xi’an, China, 3Xi'an AccuRad Network and Technology Co. Ltd., Xi'an, China, Xi’an, China, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an, China |
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Dilated Virchow Robin spaces (dVRs) are common in febrile seizure (FS) patients. However, little is known about how dVRs affect the white matter structure in developing brains. This study aimed to characterize the anisotropy alterations in white matter associated with dVRs in simple FS children by using fractional anisotropy (FA). Through inter-group comparisons, FA was larger in simple FS with dVRs children than that in FS without dVRs and control groups. Significant positive correlations between FA and VRs count, seizure duration were found. These results suggest that dVRs can affect the structure of white matter by increasing FA values. |
| 3031 | Computer 39
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Age-specific Optimization Strategies of T1-weighted Image Contrasts in Infant Brain |
1Radiology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China |
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T1-weighted images of the infant brains (≤ 1-year-old) have the inherently low and rapidly-changing contrasts. Previous optimization methods focused on the neonatal brains (≤ 1-month-old), yet the image contrasts in the rest of the infancy are more dynamic and challenging. Here we measured T1, T2 and proton density maps in 58 infant brains at 3T, and performed simulations to maximize the relative white/gray matter contrast using a centrically encoded 3D-MPRAGE sequence. We proposed differential optimization strategies for 0-3 month-old, 4-6 month-old and 7-12 month-old infants. Results demonstrated improved relative contrasts, even in 4-6 month-old infants who had nearly isointense images. |
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The brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met variant is associated with hippocampal volumes in newborn infants |
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Division of Neonatology, Maternal and Perinatal Center, Toyama University Hospital, Toyama, Japan, 3University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, United States, 4Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 5Department of Neurology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan, 6Center for Imaging Science Faculty, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, and Neurology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States, 8Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met variant (Met+) is associated with onset of neuropsychiatric disorders. Met+ individuals had smaller hippocampi than those with Met-; whether this phenotype is present at birth is unknown. To minimize postnatal environmental influences, we studied newborn Met+ and Met- infants and compared their hippocampal volumes relative to the intracranial volumes (ICV). Hippocampal volumes and ICVs were automatically parcellated. The Met+ group had significantly smaller % hippocampal volumes than the Met- group (p=0.011). The BDNF Val66Met variant is associated with smaller hippocampal volumes in newborn infants, suggesting the gene’s effects on prenatal hippocampal development. |
| 3033 | Computer 41
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Atlas-based analysis of brain development from newborn to adolescence using NODDI |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China |
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Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a specific designed diffusion model for brain, which provides insights into intra-cellular water contents. Here, we investigated the brain development from 0 to 14 years old using NODDI. The whole brain was divided into 159 regions including cortical gray matter, deep gray matter (dGM) and white matter, and was analyzed through exponential regression. Neurite density presented a higher sensitivity to age-related changes than FA, especially in gray matters. Regional specific asymmetry was found between hemispheres in dGM. Sex difference was observed in the developmental rate of GM. |
| 3034 | Computer 42
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Heterogeneous increase of regional cerebral blood flow and its correlation to functional connectivity during infant brain development |
1Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Beijing, China, 4Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 5School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China |
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The dynamic brain processes during infancy are supported by rapid maturational changes of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) to meet the metabolic demands of brain growth. However, the 4D spatiotemporal distribution of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and its relationship to |
| 3035 | Computer 43
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Longitudinal Multi-contrast Atlas of the Paediatric Brain Acquired with 3 Tesla scanners |
1Neuroradiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, 2Neuroradiology, CERMAC, Milan, Italy, 3Neuroradiology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 4Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy |
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This work aims to set up a methodology for the creation of paediatric brain longitudinal atlases by using multimodal 3Tesla MR images. These atlases can be used as a reference of normality and enable to show the developmental trajectories of the brain and its tissues, enhancing the modifications that occur from birth to adulthood. |
| 3036 | Computer 44
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Validation of Synthetic MRI Brain Volume Segmentation Results in Very Preterm Infants |
1Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium, 2SyntheticMR AB, Linköping, Sweden |
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A novel brain segmentation method, based on quantitative R1, R2 and PD maps measured using a multi-delay multi-echo sequence, was tested on very preterm neonates. The intracranial, brain and CSF volumes and fractions were determined using both the quantitative method and MANTiS, an established atlas-based segmentation method. The results of both methods were compared by using Bland-Altman plots and by quantifying the overlap by co-registering the different segment maps and calculating the Dice score. Despite some systematic differences in the volumetric results, both methods agree well. This study shows that segmentation using quantitative data functions well even for neonates. |
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Global and regional white matter development in early childhood |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Owerko Centre, Alberta Children Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Department of Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 6Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 7Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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White matter development continues into early adulthood, but specific regional trajectories in early childhood remain unclear. We aimed to characterize developmental trajectories and sex differences of white matter in healthy young children. 391 diffusion tensor imaging datasets from 118 children (59 male; 2-7.5 years) were analyzed using tractography. Fractional anisotropy increased and mean diffusivity decreased by 5-15% over the 5.5-year period, likely reflecting increases in myelination and axonal packing. Faster and greater development was observed in males during this period. The preschool period appears to be a critical period for the occipital and limbic connections, which underwent the largest changes. |
| 3038 | Computer 46
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Quantifying changes in excitation and inhibition in childhood migraine |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 6Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Though migraine is one of the top five most common childhood diseases, there has been relatively little investigation into migraine in children. There is evidence of abnormal excitability in the cortex of children with migraine, but levels of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters have not been investigated. We used MRS to compare levels of the neurotransmitters GABA (inhibitory) and Glx (glutamate + glutamine; excitatory) between children with migraine and typically developing controls. We found no significant difference in neurotransmitter levels in the brain of children with migraine; however we found a relationship between neurotransmitter levels and migraine characteristics. |
| 3039 | Computer 47
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Cerebellar anatomical alterations in youth with complex congenital heart disorder |
1School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Advances in Brain and Child Development Research Laboratory, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada, 5MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada, 6Department of Radiology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Individuals with congenital heart defects (CHD) are vulnerable to long-lasting neurodevelopmental impairments. In this study, we found that youth with CHD had overall smaller total and regional volumes in the cerebellum, when compared to healthy controls of the same age. These differences were statistically significant in 18 of 26 bilateral cerebellar regions, but were not significant in lobules I, II, VI and IX as well as Crus I (bilaterally). These anatomical alterations in many regions could lead to functional impairments since the cerebellum plays a role in many aspects of behavior, including movement, cognition and emotional regulation. |
| 3040 | Computer 48
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Multimodal brain MRI at birth predicts neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years of age |
1Department of Radiology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Structural and functional maturation level of |
| 3041 | Computer 49
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MRI study of cortical thickness and regional brain volume in pediatric cancer survivors |
1Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Stony Brook Children's Hospital, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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The concept of pediatric chemobrain and the neural mechanisms that underlie its development have not been adequately studied. In this study, MRI was used to examine the neuroanatomy of childhood cancer survivors. We found reduced brain volumes and cortical thicknesses in childhood cancer survivors compared to age-matched controls. These changes were in regions known to be involved in working-memory function and executive function, which could account for the development of executive function difficulties observed in childhood cancer survivors. These findings may prove useful to inform treatment strategies and modify behavioral programs to help survivors combat these issues. |
| 3042 | Computer 51
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Spatio-temporal alterations in functional connectivity in a rat model of brain glucose metabolism disruption and sporadic Alzheimer’s disease |
1CIBM, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal |
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Impaired brain glucose consumption is a possible trigger of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Animal models can help characterize each contributor to the cascade independently. Here we perform a first-time longitudinal study of brain connectivity in the intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin rat model of AD. We report altered brain circuitry as early as two weeks in regions notoriously affected by AD (cingulate cortices, posterior parietal cortex and hippocampus), and widespread gradual breakdown of connectivity with time. The changes in brain connectivity induced by glucose metabolism disruption can bring further insight into the role of this mechanism in AD. |
| 3043 | Computer 52
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Sex and Hemispheric Dependent DTI-based Network Analysis of an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model |
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Applied Mathematics & Statistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Wallace H. Cooulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States, 6Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineeing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study utilizes DTI and graph theory as a novel way for early detection of pathology and connectivity changes related to Alzheimer’s Disease. As a function of phenotype, age and sex, DTI studies were performed on APP/PS1 mouse brains and age-matched wild type controls at 11.75 T. Current hemisphere-dependentdata shows differences between hemispheres within age and phenotype for the parameters observed. |
| 3044 | Computer 53
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Longitudinal characterization of white matter degeneration in a rat model of brain glucose hypometabolism and sporadic Alzheimer's disease |
1Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Impaired brain glucose consumption is a possible trigger of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Animal models can help characterize each contributor to the cascade independently. Here we use the intracerebroventricular-streptozotocin rat model of AD in a first-time longitudinal study of white matter degeneration using diffusion MRI. Diffusion and kurtosis tensor metrics reveal alterations in the cingulum, fimbria and fornix. The two-compartment WMTI-Watson biophysical model further characterizes the cingulum damage as axonal injury and loss - consistent with previous histopathological studies. White matter degeneration induced by brain glucose metabolism disruption can bring further insight into the role of this mechanism in AD. |
| 3045 | Computer 54
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Increased water-exchange across the blood-brain barrier in spontaneously hypertensive rats |
1Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) dysfunction are increasingly recognised as pathological hallmarks of vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Chronic hypertension increases the risk of developing both types of dementia, and may contribute by disrupting the function of blood-brain interfaces. Here we study the permeability of blood-brain and blood-CSF barriers to water using our recently developed multi-flip angle multi-echo (MFAME)-MRI protocol in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHRs display increased BBB permeability surface area product to water, relative to age matched controls. Such changes may alter brain water and ion balance and/or contribute to glymphatic dysfunction. Blood-CSF barriers were unaffected. |
| 3046 | Computer 55
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Hyperactivity of hippocampus-amygdala network during cue-reward association learning of APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s disease model mice detected by 14T-fMRI |
1Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan |
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Dys-regulation of neural network is a biomarker for neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer’s disease. We prepared numbers of 12-month-old APP/PS1 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model mice and obtained series of BOLD fMRI (SE-EPI) data during cue-reward association learning. We pointed out hyperactivity of amygdala as well as hippocampus in the AD mice, which may involve in a cause for alteration of behavior phenotype in the AD. |
| 3047 | Computer 56
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In vivo manganese-enhanced MRI of amyloid pathology in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease |
1Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2The University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, United Kingdom, 3Department of Old Age Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Amyloid plaques are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) but are difficult to detect in vivo due to their small size. We investigated the utility of manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) for visualizing plaques in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. Plaque-like hypointensities were present in 3D gradient-echo images in all transgenic mice (n=4) but not wild type littermates (n=4). MP2RAGE T1-mapping (n=2/2) revealed reduced manganese uptake in 5xFAD brains, suggesting neurodegeneration. These results demonstrate the potential for MEMRI to provide biomarkers of AD-related neuropathologies that can be useful for monitoring disease progression and therapeutic response in animal models of AD. |
| 3048 | Computer 57
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Concomitant reduction of glymphatic flow and CBF in mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease |
1The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China |
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An impaired glymphatic system has been implicated in the accumulation of toxins such as amyloid beta (Ab) in Alzheimer’s disease. As both glymphatic flow and cerebral blood flow are driven by arterial pressure, we hypothesized that vascular dysfunction represented by reduced cerebral blood flow might contribute to reduced glymphatic flow. Our preliminary results indicate that aged AD mice have both reduced tissue glymphatic flow and reduced cerebral blood flow. Our results suggests that impairment of the glymphatic system in AD may be partly due to impaired cerebrovascular function. |
| 3049 | Computer 58
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Novel diagnosis index for Alzheimer's disease based on a hybrid sequence of QSM and VBM |
1Research and Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan, 3Healthcare Business Unit, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan, 5Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan, 6Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan |
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Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) is widely used to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recently, several studies have showed that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is also useful for detecting iron deposition in the early stages of AD. In this study, we propose a novel diagnosis index for AD based on both QSM and VBM, which are simultaneously executed by a single scan. The diagnostic performance of the proposed index in regard to AD and MCI patients is compared with that of the conventional VBM-based index. The comparison results show that the proposed index improved diagnostic performance for discriminating MCI patients and control groups. |
| 3050 | Computer 59
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An extended-2D CNN approach for diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease through structural MRI |
1Medical Image Computing Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil |
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating type of dementia that affects millions of people around the world. To date, there is no cure for Alzheimer's and its early-diagnosis has been a challenging task. The current techniques for AD diagnosis have explored the structural information of MRI. The aim of this work is to investigate the use of 2D-CNN approaches to distinguish AD patients from MCI and NC using T1-weighted MRI, since most of the works either explored the classic machine-learning or 3D-CNN approaches. The main novelty of our methodology is the use of an extended-2D approach, which explores the volumetric information of the MRI data while maintaining the low costs associated with a 2D approach. |
| 3051 | Computer 60
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Gaussian Map Descriptors for Alzheimer Detection Using T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Biomedical Engineering and Systems, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, 2Computer and Systems, Electronics Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt |
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Recently, Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is one of the most emerging elderly diseases. In this study, we propose employing Gaussian map descriptors to discriminate between AD, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Normal subjects using T1-weighted Magnetic resonance images (MRI) downloaded from Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) website. Extracted Gaussian map descriptors, calculated for the hippocampus, such as Gaussian curvature and mean curvature, were then fed to the support vector machine (SVM) for classification purposes. The Gaussian curvature outperformed mean curvature in case of normal to abnormal, and AD to MCI discrimination with accuracies of 69.5%, and 98.3% respectively. |
| 3052 | Computer 61
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Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s diseases using hippocampal metabolite ratios at the subfield level |
1Institute of Cancer and Genomics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China |
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Hippocampal metabolite ratios can be used as clinical biomarkers to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet the metabolite ratios at a subfield level have been rarely reported, neither for its clinical diagnostic power. We aim to investigate the diagnostic power of metabolite ratios at a subfield level in AD with comparison to the whole level. A quantitative method of metabolite ratios was used, where 2D 1H-MRSI and 3D T1W volumetric MRI were co-registered. Statistical results show subfields have better diagnostic power than the whole hippocampus through metabolite ratios, and also prove the accuracy of the method for AD diagnosis. |
| 3053 | Computer 62
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Cervical spinal cord atrophy contributes to classification of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia patients |
1Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering,University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2Neuroradiology Unit, Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 3Unit of Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 4Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 5Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 7Department of Emergency Neurology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 8Brain connectivity center (BCC), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 9Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Brain atrophy is an established biomarker for dementia. Here we tested the hypothesis that spinal cord atrophy is also an important in vivo imaging biomarker for neurodegeneration associated with dementia. 3DT1 images of Alzheimer Disease, Vascular Dementia and healthy subjects were processed to calculate spinal cord morphological parameters, such as vertebral spinal cord cross sectional areas and volumes. We confirmed the presence of significant spinal cord atrophy in dementia compared to healthy subjects. In particular, the C2-C3 vertebrae area resulted to have a considerable weight both for discriminating and classifying Alzheimer Disease from Vascular Dementia and Healthy control subjects. |
| 3054 | Computer 63
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Assessment of dilated perivascular spaces in Alzheimer’s patient and normal aging using 3.0T MR images |
1The first affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2Department of neurology, The first affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Xi’an AccuRad network and technology Co. Ltd., Xi’an, China, Xi'an, China, 4The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, People’s Republic of China, xi'an, China |
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Assessment of frequently enlarged perivascular space (EPVS) is essential for assessing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Recently, EPVS density has been found to be related to the early diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment. However, characteristics of the EPVS density in AD patients are not well understood. We evaluated 44 AD patients and 40 controls by assessing the frequency and density of EPVS in quantitative and semi-quantitative methods. The density and frequency of EPVS is higher in AD patients than that in controls. These results suggest that EPVS density could be used as an indicator in the assessment of EPVS in AD. |
| 3055 | Computer 64
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Reduced Brain Volume and Integrity in Alzheimer’s HFEH63D Carriers |
1Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University - College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University - College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States |
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The data demonstrate that the HFEH63D polymorphism reduces apparent brain integrity in AD carriers. AD-HFEH63D carriers have reduced white matter integrity, increased cortical loss, increased amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, and an accelerated disease course trajectory compared to HFEWT carriers in regions susceptible to AD pathology. This work helps decipher how HFE mutations affect AD trajectory, regional susceptibility to AD pathology, brain aging integrity, and cognitive decline. |
| 3056 | Computer 65
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping in Alzheimer's Disease |
1Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria |
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Using QSM and R2* mapping we found higher iron levels in specific basal ganglia structures in a cohort of 100 patients with AD when compared to 100 age-matched controls. Iron load in the basal ganglia was negatively correlated with brain volume measures. |
| 3057 | Computer 66
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Association between T1rho relaxation time and iron deposition among AD patients and normal controls |
1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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In this study, we investigated the relationship of iron deposition and T1rho measurement in thalamus among AD patients and healthy controls. Despite the theory indicates elevated iron concentration can decrease |
| 3058 | Computer 67
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Towards a better understanding of Alzheimer’s Disease: Rasch transformation of cognitive assessment data yields better linear description of cognition using neurometabolite concentrations as explanatory variables |
1Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany, 2RISE Metrology, Gothenburg, Sweden, 3Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Klinik und Hochschulambulanz für Neurologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 5Modus Outcomes, Letchworth Garden City, United Kingdom, 6Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (StOP-AD) Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 8Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany |
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Due to its non-invasive nature, magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a promising tool for investigating neurochemical disease processes, monitoring potential therapy responses, and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Changes of γ-amino-butyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) concentrations have been associated with AD, however, their relationship to other disease parameters is still unknown. This work aims to investigate the relationship of GABA and Glu with cognitive measures and demonstrates that the application of Rasch transformation to cognitive assessment data yields more reliable descriptions of cognitive outcome using metabolite concentrations as explanatory variables. |
| 3059 | Computer 68
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Cortical Surface-based Index Change in Alzheimer's Continuum: a Structural MRI Study |
1Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Alzheimer’s disease remains the most common cause of dementia. To identify morphological difference in an early stage, we used surface-based method to detect the cerebral alternation in the Alzheimer’s continuum (subdivided into Alzheimer’s pathologic change and AD) based on the 2018 NIA-AA research framework. We found that the reductions in surface measures were greater in individuals labeled as AD than in participants with Alzheimer’s pathologic change, while these metrics were more significantly decreased in AD dementia patients. Our findings suggest that AD biological definition would be beneficial for earlier detection which could lead to early diagnosis and intervention. |
| 3060 | Computer 69
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Gray Matter Structural Covariance Networks Changes along the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum |
1The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare Shanghai, Shanghai, China |
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a clinical-pathologic entity with a long pathological phase before the dementia onset. The latest ATN classification system is a effective tool in AD research and can provide a more accurate AD stages. Here, we aim to explore the evolution patterns of gray matter structural covariance networks (SCNs) along AD continuum by using the ATN classification system. |
| 3061 | Computer 70
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Cerebral venous oxygen saturation variations in Alzheimer's disease complicated with type 2 diabetes patients using susceptibility weighted imaging mapping |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Epidemiological studies suggest that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients are 2 times more likely to develop AD than healthy people. But it is unclear yet why more decreased saturation of blood oxygen and secondary more severe cognitive impairment are present in AD patients with diabetes. Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) is widely used in the diagnosis of central nervous system diseases and venous oxygen content is the basis of SWI angiography. As such, this study used SWI mapping to measure the changes of magnetic susceptibility as well as the change of blood oxygen. |
| 3062 | Computer 71
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Multimodal microscopic imaging of iron accumulation and oxidation state in the Alzheimer’s disease hippocampus |
1Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, United States |
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Recent evidence suggests that iron, specifically ferrous Fe2+, may produce oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, there remains a gap in our understanding of the progression of iron deposition and its oxidation state. Here, we use X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI), absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and ultra-high resolution ex vivo MRI in human AD specimens to show that elevated levels of iron correlate with disease severity and to demonstrate that elevated levels of ferrous Fe2+ are present in AD, supporting a neuroinflammatory mechanism. This supports the further development of iron-sensitive MRI as an AD biomarker. |
| 3063 | Computer 72
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Alzheimer’s disease progressively weakens the face-processing network |
1Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Department of Neurology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 4Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States |
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A functional area of unitary pooled activity (FAUPA) is defined as an area in which the temporal variation of the activity is the same across the entire area. Using the signal time course of a task-associated FAUPA may identify the functional network specific for the task, and comparing these task-specific networks between healthy controls and those with neurologic diseases may reveal the relationship between task-specific networks and the disease. A cardinal manifestation of later-stage Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the progressive disintegration of biographical memory and semantic knowledge. This study found an association of task-specific network disruption with AD severity. |
| 3064 | Computer 73
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Alters of brain iron deposition in Alzheimer's disease patients after cognitive training: A prospective study |
1Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The increased iron deposition on brain quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been proved to be correlated with the decreased cognitive function of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, while cognitive training seems an effective intervention for AD patients in clinic. This study quantifies the change of iron deposition of brain tissues before and after cognitive training and further explores the correlation between the change of iron deposition and the change of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores of mild AD patients. The results indicate that cognitive training can relieve iron deposition in right caudate nucleus (p<0.05), right hippocampus (p<0.01) and bilateral globus pallidus (p<0.05). However, there is no correlation between the change of iron deposition of brain tissues and the change of MMSE and MoCA scores, suggesting that cognitive training might be helpful to diminish disease progression of mild AD patients. |
| 3065 | Computer 74
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Brain connectivity and gray matter volume changes following donepezil treatment in Alzheimer’s disease |
1Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Donepezil treatment is associated with improved cognitive performance in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its clinical effectiveness has been demonstrated. However, it has been unknown how donepezil treatment influences white matter (WM) connectivity and gray matter (GM) morphology in AD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thalamo-cortical white matter connectivity and GM volume after donepezil treatment in patients with AD using probabilistic tractography and voxel-based morphometry (VBM). |
| 3066 | Computer 75
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Identifying Rapamycin as a potential preventative therapeutic for Alzheimer’s disease through Multimodal MRl |
1Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States, 2Sanders Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States |
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The ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Studies have indicated that APOE4 carriers develop vascular and metabolic dysfunctions several decades prior to the clinical symptom of dementia occurs. In this study, we used multi-modal MRI markers to investigate the effect of Rapamycin, a FDA approved drug, on genetically modified pre-symptomatic E4FAD mice, as a preventative therapeutic for AD. Cerebral blood flow and crucial brain metabolites detected by MR spectroscopy were restored in Rapamycin fed mice, consistent with lower BOLD responses, lower cerebrovascular-reactivity (CVR) and decreased Amyloid-beta deposition. |
| 3067
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Computer 76
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Conventional MR-based machine learning for distinguishing brain glioma and solitary metastasis |
1The first affiliated Hospital of XI'AN Jiaotong University, XI'AN, China, 2Xi’an Jiaotong University, XI'AN, China |
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Differentiation of brain glioma and solitary metastasis is clinically crucial for prescribing the patients’ management and assessing the prognosis. However, indistinguishable signs between two tumors on conventional MRI always embarrass the radiologists and thus lead to high misdiagnosis rate. To address such issue, series of MR features like grey level co-occurrence matrix, histograms of oriented gradient, shape and etc. were first extracted to detail the tumors’ histologic and morphologic characteristics. Then, a gradient-boosting machine learning approach was employed to distinguish the two tumors by the MR features. A good performance with area under receiver operating characteristic curve 0.80, sensitivity 85% and specificity 78% was obtained, suggesting the potential role of our approach in identifying brain glioma and solitary metastasis. |
| 3068 | Computer 77
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Enhanced isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation classification in lower grade gliomas with deep learning and CEST and MTC MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University， School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Zhujiang Hospital,Southern Medical University, guangzhou, China |
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we assess the feasibility of using molecular MRI with deep learning to differentiate IDH mutation status in patients with lower grade gliomas. Two separate deep learning models were used to analyze routine MRI and molecular MRI, and then, a combined model was also devised. 18% and 11% higher AUCs were obtained by the combined system, with respect to the routine MRI subsystem and the molecular MRI subsystem, respectively. Molecular MRI with deep learning algorithm demonstrated a great potential to diagnose IDH mutation status, which could be implemented as a robust approach to enhance routine MRI classification performance. |
| 3069 | Computer 78
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Grading of glioma using a machine learning framework based on optimized features obtained from T1 perfusion MRI and volumes of tumor components |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India, 3Fortis Memorial Research Institute, New Delhi, India, 4IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 5University of Pennysylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Grading of glioma based on T1 perfusion MRI parameters is well reported but it has certain challenges specially in differentiating intermediate glioma grades (Grade II vs. III and Grade III vs. IV). In this study, we have differentiated intermediate as well as multiclass glioma grades (Grade II vs. III vs. IV) using an optimized machine learning framework which uses quantitative T1 perfusion MRI parameters in combination with volume of different components of tumor as a feature set. The results show that it is feasible to obtain low error in glioma grading using the proposed methodology. The results also emphasizes the utility of using volume of tumor subparts in conjunction with T1 perfusion MRI parameters for glioma grading. |
| 3070 | Computer 79
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Differentiation of Non-enhancing tumor region from Vasogenic edema in high-grade glioma using a machine learning framework based upon conventional MRI feature |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2NIT kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, India, 3Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India, 4Fortis Memorial Research Institute, New Delhi, India, 5IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 6University of Pennysylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Differentiation between non-enhancing tumor (NET) from vasogenic edema (VE) in glioma patients is difficult using conventional MRI parameters (CMP) such as FLAIR, T2-W, T1-W and PD-W as they appear similar in intensity in both the regions. T1 perfusion MRI parameters (T1-PMP) have been found useful in differentiating between NET and VE previously. The work in this study shows that combining different CMP using a machine learning algorithm improves differentiation between NET and VE substantially over using any individual CMP. However, combination of T1-PMP still performs slightly better than combination of CMP in differentiating NET from VE. |
| 3071 | Computer 80
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Grading of glioma using a machine learning framework based on optimized features obtained from quantitative DCE-MRI and SWI |
1Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, NEW DELHI, India, 2Philips Health Systems, Philips India Limited, Gurugram, India, 3Department of Radiology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, India, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India |
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Potential of quantitative dynamic-contrast-enhanced(DCE) MRI parameters in glioma is well reported. However, in some glioma cases, biological |
| 3072 | Computer 81
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Comparing supervised and unsupervised machine learning frameworks based upon quantitative-MRI features in differentiation between non-enhancing tumor and vasogenic edema of glioma patients and validation using histopathological ground-truth |
1NIT Kurukshetra, Kurukshetra, India, 2Centre for Biomedical Engineering, IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 3IIT Delhi, New Delhi, India, 4Fortis Memorial Research Institute, New Delhi, India, 5Electrical Engineering, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India |
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The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of unsupervised machine learning technique in differentiating non-enhancing tumor(NET) from surrounding vasogenic edema (VE) in high-grade glioma patients using T1-perfusion MRI parameters. Two unsupervised machine learning techniques, k-means clustering and Gaussian mixture model (GMM) were optimized with respect to their hyper-parameters for differentiating NET from VE and the results were compared with previously published results obtained using a supervised classifier Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results showed that SVM classifier was slightly superior to GMM and K-means clustering in differentiating NET from VE. |
| 3073 | Computer 82
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MRI-based deep learning prediction of high amino acid uptake region to improve survival prediction in patents with glioblastoma: A 3D U-net study with deeply learned inter-scanner multi-modal MRI and alpha-[11C]-methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT) PET |
1Pediatrics, Neurology, Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Translational Imaging Laboratory, PET center, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Pediatrics and Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 4Neurosurgery and Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 5Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States |
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Previous studies found that high amino acid uptake measured by alpha-[11C]-methyl-L-tryptophan (AMT)-PET can accurately detect glioblastoma cell infiltration both in enhancing and non-enhancing tumor portions. However, AMT-PET is not widely available for clinical use. This study explores a novel U-Net which can accurately detect high tryptophan uptake glioblastoma regions using clinical multi-modal MRI data. The resulting U-Net led to 0.85±0.08 sensitivity and 0.99±0.00 specificity to predict AMT-PET tumor regions showing significant negative correlation with survival period, suggesting that an end-to-end deep learning of multi-modal MRI data may be effective for survival prediction of glioblastoma patient without the need of AMT-PET. |
| 3074 | Computer 83
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Radiomics approach in differentiating the true progression from pseudoprogression in malignant gliomas treated with concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy |
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China, 3Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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The conventional magnetic resonance imaging could not confirm the enhancing lesion in malignant gliomas after the standard postsurgical treatment is due to the ture progression or pseudoprogression. The radiomics model based on the selected magnetic resonance imaging features was established to predict the ture progression and pseudoprogression. The radiomics model yielded the AUC value of 0.875 and 0.821 for the train set and test set, respectively. The radiomics model based on the selected contrast-enhanced T1WI features is useful in differentiating the true progression from pseudoprogression in malignant gliomas treated with concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy after the surgical resection. |
| 3075 | Computer 84
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Development and Validation of a Radiomics model Based on Conventional MRI for Preoperative Prediction of Gliomas with IDH1 Mutations |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE healthcare, Beijing, China |
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As the most common malignant tumor in the central nervous system, glioma is characterized by low progression-free survival. Studies show that abnormal expression of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1) is closely related with the occurrence of brain tumors, especially gliomas. Evidence suggests that gliomas with mutated IDH1 have improved prognosis compared to those with wild-type IDH1.Radiomics means the high-throughput extraction of large amounts of quantitative image features from radiographic images, including segmenting tumors, building models, and then predicting and analyzing those massive feature data to assistphysicians. In this study, the IDH1 mutation was predicted by such radiomics modeling. |
| 3076 | Computer 85
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A cluster-based diffusion spectrum analysis of diffusion-attenuated signal in glioma |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China |
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We used a cluster-based method to investigate the diffusion-attenuated signal of glioma patients with different grades. The clustering results were analyzed by diffusion spectrum, which returns a continuous distribution of diffusion coefficient for a given attenuated signal. CSF, gray matter and white matter were clearly separated by Fuzzy C-means clustering. And some clusters showed sensitivity to interface between glioma-related tissues and normal tissues, which can be used for tumor delineation. High grade glioma tended to have clusters with smaller diffusivity and contained more types of clusters than low grade glioma. |
| 3077 | Computer 86
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Testing Machine Learning Algorithms using Anisotropy Indices of Normal Appearing White Matter as Predictors of Molecular Grouping of Gliomas |
1Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar Univesity, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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Grouping gliomas using the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene and IDH mutations, and 1p/19q co-deletion status was demonstrated to be useful previously for clinical decisions. MR based radiogenomics might potentially be advantageous. The aim of this study was to determine for the first time whether full distributions of the fractional anisotropy, relative anisotropy and ADC in normal appearing white matter were adequate predictors for machine learning algorithms to classify molecular subgroups based on TERT, IDH and 1p/19q co-deletion information. |
| 3078 | Computer 87
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Integrating Machine Learning and Image Inpainting to Predict Tumour Invasion in Glioblastoma using multi-parametric MRI |
1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 3The Centre for Mathematical Imaging in Healthcare, Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The multi-parametric MRI has the potential to compensate for the non-specific contrast-enhancing imaging in delineating tumor margin. The purpose of this study was to propose a method by integrating machine learning with image inpainting to predict the glioblastoma invasion using advanced multi-parametric MRI. The predictive tumor regions using this approach showed significance for patient prognosis, in a cohort containing 115 glioblastoma patients. This approach could advance the scenario of mathematical image analysis by considering both imaging features and brain structure. The predictive region may have significant clinical impact on personalized and targeted surgical treatment of patients. |
| 3079 | Computer 88
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A Transfer Learning-based Radiomics Model for Prediction MGMT Promotor Methylation Status in Glioblastoma Multiforme |
1Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China |
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Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor. MGMT promoter methylation is associated with beneficial chemotherapy. We extract deep features from a pre-trained deep neural network model via transfer learning and generate an effective feature vector model together with radiomics features for an optimal pretreatment prediction of MGMT promoter methylation status. The deep feature set achieved the higher predictive accuracy of 0.86 and 0.70 for validation and test group comparing to handcrafted radiomics feature and combined feature sets. The deep feature model may serve as a potential imaging biomarker for pretreatment prediction of MGMT methylation in GBM. |
| 3080 | Computer 89
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Radiomics Approach for Prediction of Tumor Recurrence and Progression of Skull Base Meningioma |
1Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Medical Imaging, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, E-Da Hospital and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan |
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A subset of low grade skull base meningiomas (SBM) shows early progression/recurrence (P/R). In clinical practice, one of the main challenges in the treatment of SBM is to determine factors that correlate with P/R. This study investigated the role of radiomics for the prediction of P/R. Sixty patients diagnosed with benign SBM were studied. Totally 99 descriptors were extracted from the various MR sequences. The prediction accuracy of P/R was 90% and the AUC of the prediction model was 0.94. Our study also noted that subsequent P/R of SBM after surgery was not associated with the completeness of tumor resection. |
| 3081 | Computer 90
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Fully automated segmentation of meningiomas using a specially trained deep-learning-model on multiparametric MRI |
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany, 2Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Philips Research Europe, Aachen, Germany, 5Neurosurgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany |
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Volumetric assessment of meningiomas plays an instrumental role in primary assessment and detection of tumor growth. We used a specially trained deep-learning-model on multiparametric MR-data of 116 patients to evaluate performance in automated-segmentation. The deep-learning-model was trained on 249 gliomas, then further adapted by a subgroup of our meningioma patients (n=60). A second group of meningiomas (n=56) was used for testing performance of the deep-learning-model compared to manual-segmentations. The automated-segmentations showed strong correlation to the manual-segmentations: dice-coefficients were 0.87±0.15 for contrast-enhancing-tumor in T1CE and 0.82±0.12 for total-tumor-volume (union of contrast-enhancing-tumor and edema). Automated-segmentation yielded accurate results comparable to manual interreader-variabilities. |
| 3082 | Computer 91
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MRI-based radiomics in pituitary adenomas: pre-treatment prediction of prolactin expression |
1China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China |
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To investigate the potential of radiomics features based on MRI in predicting the prolactin expression of pituitary adenomas before treatment. We build the logistic model and validation, which can offer a noninvasive approach to predict the PRL expression of pituitary adenomas by the way of machine learning. It may be a reference in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation for some pituitary adenoma subtypes. |
| 3083 | Computer 92
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Improved classification of paediatric brain tumours through whole spectra from in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
1Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2Birmingham Children’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom |
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Single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SVS) is a non-invasive technique that can be used to probe metabolic activity in tumours. Previous studies have used metabolite concentrations to classify paediatric brain tumours from good quality data. However, the use of in vivo MRS whole spectra and wavelet de-noising for paediatric brain tumours have been rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the performance of spectra in classifying paediatric brain tumours by employing wavelet-based de-noising, and found significantly reduced error rate of classification based on the whole spectra, compared to that from metabolite concentrations and fits. |
| 3084 | Computer 93
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Predicting molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma using a quantitative radiomics approach |
1MRI, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2BCN Neuroimaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands, 3Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China, 4Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China |
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Machine learning-based radiomics have been introduced in providing information on molecular biology and genomics of tumors. Here, we used features of MRI to predict molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma. MRI-based radiomics features were extracted from 37 patients with medulloblastoma (WNT = 11, SHH = 9, Group 3 = 8 , and Group 4 = 9). The molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma were classified with accepted accuracies by using support vector machine (SVM). In conclusion, MRI-based radiomics can effectively predict molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma using the machine-learning approach to benefit the treatment and prognosis of medulloblastoma. |
| 3085 | Computer 94
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Presurgical Differentiation between Malignant Haemangiopericytoma and Angiomatous Meningioma by a Radiomics Approach based on Texture Analysis |
1Radiology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 3Department of MR Research, GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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We attempted to assess whether a machine-learning model based on texture analysis (TA) could yield a more accurate diagnosis in differentiating malignant haemangiopericytoma (HPC) from angiomatous meningioma (AM). Our sample population consisted of 23 malignant HPCs and 43 AM. We compared the diagnostic ability of three classifiers based on texture features extracted from each modality (T2FLAIR, T1-CE, and DWI) to the classifier based on clinical features from three neuro-radiologists. The T1W-CE classifier performed the best. |
| 3086 | Computer 95
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Deep learning for prognosis in Degenerative cervical myelopathy |
1NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Division of Neurosurgery, Departement of surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Departement of surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Degenerative cervical myelopathy is an important cause of spinal cord dysfunction in adults worldwide 1,2. This study’s goal is to use boosting algorithm and deep learning on MRI and clinical data to predict the condition of a patient 6 months after baseline. Results show an improvement of prediction accuracy when combining MRI with clinical data (82.3%) versus with clinical data only (78.5%). The heterogeneity of the data makes it difficult for the learning algorithm to generalize, however future work exploiting boosting algorithm for structural data, and dimensionality reduction (e.g., via MRI feature extraction) could further improve prognosis accuracy. |
| 3087 | Computer 96
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Automated machine learning classification of first-episode schizophrenia and controls using cerebral morphometric features |
1Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Discriminate the first-episode schizophrenia patient with optimal feature set and classification model identified by automated machine learning algorithm |
| 3088 | Computer 97
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Prediction of Chronological Age from Intracranial Time-of-Flight Magnetic Resonance Angiography Images by Deep Convolutional Neural Network |
1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Brain-predicted age may be used as a potential biomarker of brain aging, and there also may be features related to cerebrovascular aging, such as decline of visualization of the arteries, or tortuosity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are learnable features by a deep convolutional neural network in the maximum intensity projection images of time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography that might be associated with cerebrovascular aging. |
| 3089 | Computer 98
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Classification of Parkinson‘s disease with diffusion magnetic resonance imaging by machine learning methods |
1Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China |
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The diagnosis of PD is mainly based on clinical features and does not rely on imaging biomarkers. Neuroimaging studies help us better understand the pathophysiology and symptoms of PD. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility and performance of the PD classification using diffusion MRI of different machine learning methods. |
| 3090 | Computer 99
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Radiomic Features of the Nigrosome-1 Region of the Substantia Nigra: Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to Assist in the Diagnosis of Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease |
1Ruijin Hospital,school of medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 3Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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There has been a major effort to study iron deposition in the substantia nigra (SN) because of its relationship to depigmentation of iron in the nigrosome-1 area. Recently, the swallow tail sign (STS) has been introduced as a new biomarker for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD). In this work, we analyzed the STS region of the SN based on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) via a support vector machine (SVM) classifier and found that this radiomic approach could help to differentiate IPD patients from healthy controls. |
| 3091 | Computer 100
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Evidence pinpointing of Intervertebral disc herniation with weak supervision |
1College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China |
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Deep learning has shown encouraging performance for lesion detection, but it is limited due to the high requirement of data labeling. In the task of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation recognition, we proposed to develop a recognition method based on axial images, which include more anatomical information about the disc, using a convolutional network. And we attempt to provide possible pathological evidence from the weakly labeled training data (normal/herniated label on image level). |
| 3092
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Computer 101
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Prospective Evaluation of Wave-CAIPI Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging (SWI) Compared to Conventional 3D SWI in a Clinical Setting |
1Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Boston, MA, United States, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Siemens Healthineers, Shenzhen, China, 4Siemens Medical Solutions, San Francisco, CA, United States, 5Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany |
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We present the first large-scale evaluation of Wave-CAIPI susceptibility-weighted imaging (Wave-SWI) for clinical brain imaging. Wave-SWI was compared to conventional SWI in 107 patients undergoing 3T MRI for a range of indications in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Two neuroradiologists assessed the images in individual and head-to-head comparisons, and found no significant difference between the two sequences for detection of microhemorrhages, visualization of pathology and normal anatomy, and overall diagnostic quality, despite a nearly 5-fold decrease in acquisition time using Wave-SWI. Broader application of highly-accelerated 3D imaging may improve utilization of MRI resources while reducing motion artifacts and patient anxiety. |
| 3093 | Computer 102
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Enhancing Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Drug Imaging: Chemical Variations in the Fluorine Side-Groups of the Immunomodulatory Drug Teriflunomide |
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Departments of Chemical Biology and Structural Biology, Leibniz-Institut fϋr Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany, 3Screening Unit, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany, 4Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany |
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Fluorine-19 (19F)-MR is of high relevance for the study of fluorinated drugs in vivo. Due to low drug concentrations and low numbers of fluorine atoms per molecule, the signal to be detected is very low. To address this drawback this work enhances 19F MRI of the antiinflammatory drug teriflunomide. For this purpose, derivatives of the trifluorinated drug were synthesized including modifications of the number and position of fluorine atoms in the 19F side-chains. We studied the 19F NMR characteristics and compared the SNR efficiencies of these compounds. The inhibitory activity was studied and correlated with the detectability of the compounds. By this, we can select drugs which provide a better signal than the original teriflunomide and which show an equal or even better biological activity. |
| 3094 | Computer 103
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Using Glutamate-Weighted Imaging (GluCEST) to Detect Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to the Motor Cortex |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Laboratory for Cognition and Neural Stimulation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We used glutamate weighted Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) imaging to investigate changes in glutamate contrast in the brains of young, healthy adults undergoing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the motor cortex. Subjects were scanned to acquire a 2D GluCEST map of a slice which includes the motor cortex, then removed from the scanner and given continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS). Subjects were scanned again post-stimulation. The resulting images show a trend of decreasing GluCEST contrast in the gray matter of the motor cortex where stimulation was administered. Interestingly, initial GluCEST values appear to predict response to TMS. |
| 3095
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Computer 104
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Investigating gas-exchange and tissue perfusion in the human brain using a combination of proton and hyperpolarized xenon-129 MRI |
1University Of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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This study establishes a correlation between cerebral perfusion and gas uptake using 1H arterial spin labeling and T2 weighted imaging for cerebral blood perfusion, and inhaled hyperpolarized 129Xe brain MR imaging for cerebral uptake of a free-diffusible noble gas. Using arterial transit time and cerebral blood volume maps, along with xenon images, correlation coefficients between 0.34 and 0.63 was observed for healthy subjects between the ages 26 and 36 years. The distinct properties of water and noble gas opens up the opportunity to use them in conjunction to understand aspects of brain physiology. |
| 3096
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Computer 105
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Fast Field-Cycling MRI identifies ischaemic stroke at ultra-low magnetic field strength |
1Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom, 2Acute Stroke Unit, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom |
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In this work we present the first patient images from our home built Fast Field-Cycling MRI (FFC-MRI) scanner. By varying the external magnetic field during the imaging process, FFC-MRI allows us to probe the variation of T1 with magnetic field, known as “T1 dispersion”. This T1 dispersion has potential value as a diagnostic biomarker in a range of conditions. Here we present images demonstrating that endogenous T1 contrast at 20 mT and below can be used to identify ischaemic stroke. |
| 3097 | Computer 106
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Theoretical model and experimental evaluation of cellular, BOLD and nonheme Iron contributions to the quantitative Gradient Recalled Echo (qGRE) and quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) signals in basal ganglia. |
1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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Nonheme iron is an important element supporting the structure and functioning of biological tissues. Misbalance in nonheme iron can lead to different neurological disorders. Several MRI approaches have been developed for iron quantification relying either on the relaxation or susceptibility features of MRI signal. Specific quantification of the nonheme iron can, however, be tempered by the heme iron in the deoxygenated blood. The goal of this presentation is to introduce theoretical background and experimental method allowing disentangling contributions of heme and nonheme irons simultaneously with evaluation of tissue neuronal density in the basal ganglia. |
| 3098 | Computer 107
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How does functional brain activity depend on the underlying structural connectome? A graph signal processing perspective |
1EPFL / University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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How to integrate the information of structural connectivity and brain activity measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents still an open question. Here, we addressed this problem by applying graph signal processing (GSP) to human brain data, aiming at exploring significant excursions of functional activity and its degree of alignment to the underlying structural connectivity. Two contrasting functional networks were highlighted: a primary sensory one, more aligned to the structure and characterized by less excursions, and a high-level cognitive one, more liberal and showing more fluctuations. This advanced framework opens new perspectives in the interpretation of the brain structure/function interplay. |
| 3099 | Computer 108
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Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate in glioblastoma: a promising tool for investigating tumor metabolism and heterogeneity. |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3GE Global Research, Munich, Germany, 4Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 5Cambridge Cancer Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 6Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 7Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 8Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 9Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Glioblastomas (GBM) are characterized by diffuse infiltration, a high level of intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity and a very poor prognosis. Characterising tumor heterogeneity in vivo may improve diagnosis, therapy planning and treatment assessment. Dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a novel technique that allows dynamic and non-invasive assessment of the metabolism of hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-labelled molecules in vivo, such as the preferential exchange of [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate within tumors (Warburg effect). In this study we explore metabolic reprogramming within glioblastoma (GBM) and its microenvironment using HP [1-13C]pyruvate to demonstrate the heterogeneity of pyruvate’s metabolic fate. |
| 3100 | Computer 109
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3D-QALAS Sequence for Brain Volumetry and Cortical Thickness: Comparison with 3D MPRAGE and Scan-Rescan Repeatability |
1Department of Radiology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan |
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Previous quantitative synthetic MRI of the brain has been solely performed in 2D. Here, we evaluated the feasibility of the recently developed 3D-QALASsequence for brain cortical thickness and volumetric analysis in healthy volunteers. 3D- |
| 3101 | Computer 110
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A Non-Intrusive Eye Tracking Based MRI Compatible VR System |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Achieving compatibility of VR systems with MRI scanners is challenging and for applications such as fMRI, it is highly desirable to avoid local distortions of the static magnetic field. We have developed a non-intrusive MR compatible VR system which avoids disturbing the magnetic environment and uses eye tracking as the main interface. Our system demonstrates a capability to bring the VR world into MRI systems, including dynamic interaction with VR content based on gaze, with performance that it is competitive to the current leading commercial gaming eye tracker. |
| 3102 | Computer 111
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Preliminary Research of ischemic penumbra in human subacute stroke patients combinating use of amide proton transfer (APT) Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (CEST) and arterial spin-labeling (ASL) MRI |
1Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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The purpose of this word was to explore the feasibility of amide proton transfer(APT) assisting arterial spin-labeling(ASL) and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in identiflication and definition of ischemic penumbra in subacute stroke .Our results showed that APTWI deficits were always larger than or equal to DWI deficits and smaller than or equal to ASL-CBF deficits in subacute stroke. ATPWI deficits coincided with the resulting infarct area at follow-up endpoint. Final infarcts were smaller than CBF deficits and larger than or equal to subacute DWI deficits.APT can provide information complementary on cell metabolism to ASL and DWI in the definition of ischemic tissue. |
| 3103 | Computer 112
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Accelerated quantification of ultrashort-T2 brain components with ultrashort-TE relaxometry |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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This study presents accelerated quantification of the ultrashort-T2 components in the brain with approximately 4-fold reduction in scan time. Retrospective undersampling across 5 healthy volunteers showed strong correlations between the ultrashort-T2 component amplitude, relaxation times, and frequency shifts between 8 TE and 32 TE datasets, showing that it is possible to rapidly obtain high quality images of brain ultrashort T2 components that are associated with myelin membrane protons. |
| 3104 | Computer 113
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Cerebral venous thrombus staging in a single magnetic resonance (MR) scan: A dual-contrast approach |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Philips Research North America, Cambridge, China, 3Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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This study proposed a dual-contrast Volumetric Isotropic Turbo spin echo Acquisition (dVISTA) sequence that allows both T1 and T2 cerebral venous thrombus imaging. In-vivo experiments indicated that dVISTA provide adequate image contrast as conventional T1/T2 imaging, and the clinical feasibility of this technique was further validated by CVT patients’ scan. By assembling flow-suppression, T1/T2 contrast in one 6-min whole brain scan, dVISTA has the potential to detect and differentiate thrombus in clinical routine. |
| 3105 | Computer 114
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A high-resolution multi-parametric quantitative method to investigate tissue (micro)structure |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Research Centre Juelich, Aachen, Germany, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-11, JARA), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 5Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-4), Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany |
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We report on a multi-parametric quantitative method based on four 1x1x2mm3 3D multiple-echo gradient-echo acquisitions (GRE), complemented by AFI for B1+ mapping (whole-brain TA=21min). The most notable parameters derived are water content, T1 and T2*, magnetization transfer ratio (MTR), bound proton fraction (fbound) and magnetization exchange rate (kex). Results are reported from seven volunteers, one post-mortem brains and one tumour patient. The use of multiple contrasts for tissue segmentation is illustrated. Correlations between parameters are investigated with the aim of better understanding sources of T1 relaxation. f_bound and k_ex are found to be lower in tumour than in healthy tissue. |
| 3106 | Computer 115
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Online brain fMRI using a novel magnetic resonance compatible hand induced robotic device provides accurate monitoring and can be used in rehabilitation |
1NMR Surgical Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Neuroscience Center, Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Using a hand motor task, we investigated brain activation after chronic stroke by combining fMRI at 3T with a novel MR-compatible hand-induced, robotic device (MR_CHIROD). Patients trained at home using a gel ball; serial neuroimaging was performed before, during, upon completion of training, and after a non-training period, to assess permanence of effects. Training significantly increased the number of activated voxels in the cortex as a function of effort level, suggesting functional cortical plasticity in chronic stroke. The result’s persistence indicates permanence of rehabilitation, which is remarkable given that training is generally effective during a narrow window after stroke. |
| 3107 | Computer 116
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Synthetic harmonization of multi-site multi-vendor MRI data to improve MS lesion segmentation |
1Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Henry Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Segmentation of lesions from magnetic resonance images of patients with multiple sclerosis is a challenging task, especially when involving multi-center or multi-scanner data. State-of-the-art lesion segmentation algorithms require training data to use identical acquisition protocols as the input data, but this is often difficult to control. In this work, we employ image synthesis to allow data from one scanner to resemble the data acquired in a different scanner. Overall lesion segmentation accuracy improves and the amount of false positives are reduced using synthesized images, indicating image synthesis can improve segmentation consistency in a heterogeneous dataset. |
| 3108 | Computer 117
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Ex-vivo diffusion MRI of human hemispheres: the effect of tissue fixation and the relation to in-vivo diffusion MRI |
1Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Until the relationship between in-vivo and ex-vivo diffusion measures has been established, the clinical relevance of findings using ex-vivo diffusion MRI is unclear and precludes potential studies. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of tissue fixation on basic diffusion measures, and established the relationship of diffusion measures recorded in-vivo and ex-vivo. Basic diffusion measures of postmortem hemispheres were observed over 5 weeks. The relationship between in-vivo and ex-vivo diffusion measures was studied using linear mixed regression. Appreciable changes to diffusion measures were seen early on in fixation, and ex-vivo measurements of FA and RD were linked to their in-vivo measurements. |
| 3109 | Computer 118
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Improved Structural Imaging of the Default Mode Network on the Compact 3T |
1Sydney Translational Imaging Laboratory, Heart Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2GE Healthcare, Richmond, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 5Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia |
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We compared diffusion MRI tractographic representations of the default mode network using high-angular resolution scans from the Compact 3T with high-performance gradients to equivalent data acquired on a standard clinical scanner. Overall performance in terms of strength, accuracy and visualisation of the DMN was superior for the Compact 3T data, with improved global tracking performance and improved measurement of weaker connections. |
| 3110 | Computer 119
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Semi-automatic cloud-based workflow for evaluating the central vein sign for MS diagnosis in a multicenter clinical setting |
1Neuroimaging, QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain, 2Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4QMENTA Inc., Barcelona, Spain |
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The central vein sign (CVS) is |
| 3111 | Computer 120
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Initial experience of imaging stroke patients with a 5-minute whole head multi-echo GRE acquisition |
1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, London, ON, Canada, 2Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, London, ON, Canada, 3Department of Medical Physics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, London, ON, Canada |
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We report on our initial experience of imaging stroke patients using a technique that achieves quantification of fat fraction (FF), QSM, and R2* simultaneously from a single multi-echo GRE (mGRE) acquisition. We collected 3T data from three stroke patients with a ~ 30-minute whole head multi-sequence protocol. By performing the joint analysis of TOF MRA, DWI, FLAIR and mGRE, we evaluated the capability of using the mGRE-based maps and images to characterize thrombus, differentiate intracranial calcifications from hemorrhages and detect white-matter lesions. Our initial results have shown the feasibility of using the mGRE technique to image stroke patients. |
| 3112 | Computer 121
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Towards a harmonized protocol for structural MRI imaging of the brain for multisite studies in the Italian IRCCS advanced neuroimaging network |
1IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Pisa, Italy, 2INFN, Pisa Division, Pisa, Italy, 3Fondazione IRCCS Istituto neurologico “Carlo Besta”, Milan, Italy, 4Radiology Department, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy, 5Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Fondazione Mondino, Pavia, Italy, 6Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 7Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 8The Italian IRCCS advanced neuroimaging network, Milan, Italy |
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MRI derived brain structural measurements from multicenter datasets can strongly be affected by factors such as the acquisition protocol, the static magnetic field strength and the scanner manufacturer. A preliminary study was performed to assess the homogeneity of population metrics from 3DT1 scans acquired with already established routine protocols in a dataset of 174 healthy subjects from 18 Italian Research Hospital Centers (IRCCS). The impact of each center acquisition parameters on outcomes was assessed with quality control measurements and FreeSurfer volumetric metrics of cortical and subcortical structures. Future multicenter studies will benefit from harmonizing the acquisition protocols. |
| 3113 | Computer 122
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3D printed, patient-specific vascular models for 4D flow MRI: production workflow and imaging aneurysm treatment |
1Neuroradiology and Radiology, Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany, 2Neuroradiology and Radiology, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany |
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Patient-specific models of the human vessels could be used for the different purposes varying from the visualization of a vasculature to examination of a strategy of the endovascular treatment. Current work represents a step by step workflow of the production of vascular models: optimisation of the geometry of the digital model, design of the connectors, wall thickness of the model etc. The flow in the models was compared with in vivo flow data of the patient. The influence of different flow diverter stents on the flow in the model with an aneurysm was evaluated with MRI (TOF and 4D Flow). |
| 3114 | Computer 123
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Improved imaging method for comprehensive diagnosis of cervical artery disssection |
1Jilin University First Hospital, Changchun, China, 2Philips healthcare, Changchun, China |
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Cervical artery dissection (CAD) is a significant cause of ischemic stroke in young adults. As a result, the early and accurate diagnosis of CAD is helpful for appropriate treatment decision-making to prevent stroke. Traditional imaging methods, such as CTA, MRA or DSA are difficult to differentiate CAD from other mimics because of similar luminal findings1,2. 3D T1-weighted black blood sequence would demonstrate the abnormality of vessel wall and could potentially provide diagnosis information for vasculopathy patients. This study aims at introducing a 3D black-blood sequence’s application in the diagnosis of CAD, as well as atypical artery dissection. |
| 3115 | Computer 124
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Optimisation of QSM measurements of venous oxygen saturation |
1Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 3Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping has been shown to be capable of making estimates of venous oxygen saturation ($$$Y_v$$$) which are comparable to those obtained using MR methods such as calibrated BOLD. While there have been a few studies which have considered optimal acquisition parameters for QSM1,2 none have focussed on the specific case of deoxyhaemoglobin. In this work, we propose a protocol for which voxel dimensions, final echo time, and readout polarity have been optimised. Demonstrations of reasonably precise estimates of which are in line with the broader literature recommend suitability of the protocol for future studies. |
| 3116 | Computer 125
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High-quality FLAIR and diffusion imaging with presence of EEG nets |
1Department of Radiology, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Philips, Eugene, OR, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States |
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EEG nets are typically removed before MR imaging due to their negative effects on image quality, which is time-consuming and interrupts monitoring of brain activity. We tested whether the InkNet, a high-resistance polymer thick-film based EEG net, could improve images by reducing RF-shielding caused by copper leads. We imaged subjects with FLAIR and diffusion at 3 Tesla, wearing a conventional, copper-lead net, the InkNet, or no EEG net (NoNet). The InkNet induced less artifact than conventional nets, and produced similar image quality to the NoNet control. Results suggest that high-quality imaging can be achieved while wearing an EEG net. |
| 3117 | Computer 126
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Corpus callosum involvement in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and non lesional frontal lobe epilepsy: a multimodal MRI study |
1Neuroscience Research Center, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy, 2Neuroimaging Unit, Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), Catanzaro, Italy, 3Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy |
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Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) and Frontal Lobe Epilepsy (FLE) are the two most common forms of partial epilepsy. While MTLE has been widely studied, FLE has been less investigated. Patients with FLE in which there is no clearly identifiable abnormality on MRI (non lesional FLE, nlFLE) represent an ideal sample to study the epileptic syndrome itself, regardless of the nature and location of the epileptogenic focus in the frontal lobe. Here, we studied the involvement of the corpus callosum in temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy, considering non-lesional FLE, refractory MTLE and mild MTLE, a particularly drug-responsive phenotype. Neuroimaging characteristics of CC seem to be indeed altered with patterns that are specific to the different epileptic syndromes. |
| 3118 | Computer 127
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Voxel Based Morphometry in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: a pilot study using MT maps instead of conventional T1-weighted data |
1Neuroradiology Unit, Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 2Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 4Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy, 5”C.Munari” Epilepsy Surgery Centre, ASST Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy |
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Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy. Neuroimaging and neuropathological studies indicates that the structural network affected in TLE extends to both temporal and extra-temporal structures. In this work, quantitative 3DMT maps were used in a Voxel Based Morphometry(VBM) framework to assess atrophy in left and right TLE compared to controls. Our findings revealed that 3DMT maps, thankfully to their excellent grey-white matter contrast, can be successfully employed for VBM in epilepsy identifying temporal and extra-temporal grey and white matter alterations in patients. This study is a proof-of-principle to adopt 3DMT for voxel based analysis in TLE. |
| 3119 | Computer 128
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Comparative analysis of Mean Apparent Propagator (MAP)-MRI and traditional DTI for the diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China |
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This study aimed to preliminarily investigate the utility of MAP-MRI parameters in hippocampal sclerosis and compare them with traditional DTI parameters to explore the changes in hippocampal microstructure and understand its pathophysiological mechanisms. The swelling of the hippocampal nerve fiber axon presynaptic terminal can be reflected by MAP-MRI, which greatly assists in the clinical diagnosis of early hippocampal sclerosis. Compared with DTI parameters, DSI parameters showed higher diagnostic efficacy particularly for RTPP and QIV. This study extracted more objective and reproducible parameters of fixed hippocampal sclerosis. More samples are needed for future research. |
| 3120 | Computer 129
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Community-informed connectomics of the thalamo-cortical system in idiopathic generalized epilepsy |
1The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China, 2McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Idiopathic generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures (IGE-GTCS) has been associated to the thalamo-cortical circuitry. By quantifying the interplay between macroscale functional communities via resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) connectome analysis, we assessed the intrinsic organization of this network and its relation to drug-response. Compared to controls, IGE-GTCS showed a more constrained network embedding of the thalamus, while frontocentral neocortical regions expressed increased functional diversity. Findings remained significant after regressing out thalamic volume and cortical thickness, suggesting independence from structural alterations. We observed more marked network imbalances in drug-resistant compared to seizure-free patients. Our findings suggest a pathoconnectomic mechanism of IGE, centered on diverging changes in cortical and thalamic connectivity. More restricted thalamic connectivity could reflect the tendency to engage in recursive thalamo-cortical loops, which may contribute to hyper-excitability. |
| 3121 | Computer 130
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Mapping astroglial glutamine synthetase activity in vivo in a preclinical model of epilepsy using glutamate-weighted CEST (GluCEST) MRI |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRCen), Paris, France, 3Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Epilepsy is broadly characterized by aberrant neuronal excitability causing seizures. Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and can be detected using MRS and glutamate weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) MRI. In this study, we performed high-resolution GluCEST MRI in a preclinical model of epilepsy to evaluate glutamatergic alterations in the hippocampus. |
| 3122 | Computer 131
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Diagnostic value of signal intensity histogram analysis based on magnetic resonance cube sequence on hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, DALIAN, China |
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Hippocampal sclerosis（HS）is the most common pathological form of medial temporal lobe epilepsy, characterized by loss of hippocampus and related structural selective neurons and reactive gliosis. With magnetic resonance(MR) imaging, the detection rate for HS has been found to vary largely and such substantial variations in the detection rate have been primarily attributed to the subjective nature of the assessment of scans. Texture analysis is a technique used to quantify image textures |
| 3123 | Computer 132
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A comparison of high b-value and standard b-value diffusion weighted imaging for status epilepticus in pediatric patients |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China |
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In this study series with status epilepticus (SE) pediatric patients, we investigated the utility diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging with a high b-value (b = 3000 s/mm2) compared with standard b-value (b = 1000 s/mm2) for acute ictal MRI changes in pediatric patients. High b-value diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) could be beneficial for detecting additional lesions and improving the contrast between lesions and normal tissue. Therefore, high b-value DWI may be a better noninvasive imaging method for exploration of the acute ictal MRI changes in pediatric patients with SE. |
| 3124 | Computer 133
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Altered Cortex-Subcortex structural connectivity pattern in different types of generalized epilepsy |
1Radiology, Jinling hospital, Nanjing, China |
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Different types of GTCS could be explained by the different brain network. Cortex-subcortex structural covariate connectivity might help us to understand the mechanism in the new insight. Thalamus was the important regions in classification the two types of GTCS. |
| 3125 | Computer 134
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Mapping brain oxygen metabolism with dual calibrated fMRI in pre-surgical evaluation of epilepsy: a case report comparison with FDG-PET. |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Wales Research and Diagnostic PET Imaging Centre, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 3Welsh Epilepsy Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a widely used approach to help identify putative epileptogenic areas in patients with epilepsy, as part of the epilepsy surgery evaluation. Epileptogenic areas typically show a regional reduction in glucose metabolism. Here we present a dual-calibrated fMRI method (acquiring BOLD and ASL CBF data simultaneously), which permits mapping of the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen consumption noninvasively across grey matter. In this case report, we demonstrate close agreement between the two methods (dc-fMRI and PET-FDG) in localising a region of cerebral hypometabolism in epilepsy. |
| 3126 | Computer 135
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Cortical and subcortical networks in frontal lobe epilepsy with generalized tonic clonic seizures |
1jinling hospital, nanjing, China |
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Cortico-subcortical networks are considered core pathologic substrates for frontal lobe epilepsy with generalized tonic clonic seizures; however, the mechanism is still unknown. This study aims to identify the changes of cortico-subcortical networks by resting-state functional connectivity. 60 patients with frontal lobe epilepsy and healthy controls were enrolled. Bilateral hemispheres were divided into 5 nonoverlapping cortical lobes. Functional connectivity between each cortical lobe and the subcortical regions were calculated, and functional connectivity strength was used to evaluate the interconnectivity. Our results indicate that the decrease connection between prefrontal cortex and subcortical structures suggests it maybe the epicenters of frontal lobe epilepsy. |
| 3127 | Computer 136
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Based on MR-T2WI Haar-like and MB-LBP Features findings of temporal lobe glioma-related epilepsy |
1Dept. of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China, 2Department of mathematics, Zhe Jiang University, HangZhou, China |
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There are many other strong risk factors for glioma-related epilepsy that have been highlighted in previous research, including high levels of glutamate and adenosine kinase and low levels of gamma-aminobutryic acid. How the value machine vision application of study on this? |
| 3128 | Computer 137
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Morphology Analysis of Dilated Virchow Robin Spaces in Simple Febrile Seizure Children Between 12 and 48 Months Based on the Automated Segmentation |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, 2MR research china, GE health care, Beijing, China, 3Xi’an AccuRad Network and technology Co. Ltd., Xi’an, China, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an, China |
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Febrile seizure (FS) has become a common problem in childhood and imposes acute effects on the brain. Currently dilated Virchow -Robin spaces (dVRs) has become hot point in research for the explanation the mechanism how its involving brain in inflammatory lesions. we conducted a quantitative method to assessment dVRs that visible onT2WI in simple FS. Our study aim is to describe an effective uses of automatic software method to recognize VRs and to get intergroup differences. Our result suggests that dVRs count, volume and head circumference are greater simple FS than in the control group. |
| 3129 | Computer 138
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The gray matter volume and shape abnormal in angelman syndromes |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, shanghai, China, 2Neurology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, shanghai, China, 3Duke Institute for Brain Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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The angelman syndromes is a neurogenetic disease and clinically characterized by the developmental delay, movement or balance disorder, seizures, and frequent smiling. Our study compare the alteration of gray matter volume and shape between angelman syndromes and healthy controls |
| 3130 | Computer 139
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Detection of Focal Cortical Dysplasia via quantitative T1-mapping |
1Brain Imaging Center (BIC), Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 3Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 4Epilepsy Center Hessen, University Hospital Marburg, Marburg, Germany |
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Focal cortical dysplasias (FCD) are characterized by an increased cortical thickness and blurred junctions between white (WM) and gray matter (GM). A method for improved FCD detection is proposed, which is only based on quantitative maps of T1 relaxation time. Masks of WM, GM and CSF are derived from the measured T1 values. The local cortical extent (CE) is calculated from the GM mask and the local smoothness (SM) of GM-WM junctions is derived from the T1 gradients. Synthetic double inversion recovery data sets are calculated from the T1 map and further enhanced in areas of increased CE and SM. |
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Sub-millimeter blood flow mapping of cortical and hippocampal gray matter |
1Centre for Functional Metabolic Mapping, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 2Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 4Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 5Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) & Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Acquisition of sub-millimeter whole-brain blood flow (CBF) maps was recently demonstrated to be feasible using 7T MRI. Here, we show that such high resolution CBF maps can be used to differentiate cortical regions, in general, and subregions within the hippocampal formation, in particular. We found that higher baseline perfusion was especially present in regions known to be highly myelinated and/or characterized by low quantitative T1 values. Moreover, these initial results warrant the use of CBF data to improve the interpretability of fMRI activation maps at a finer scale. |
| 3132 | Computer 141
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Cortical FoldingPrint for Individual Identification During Dynamic Postnatal Development |
1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 3Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States |
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Human cortical folding is highly convoluted and characterizes the inter-subject variability. Recent studies found that the adult brain cortex is unique for individual identification. However, little is known about whether the infant brain cortex, which develops dynamically in the first postnatal years, is reliable for individual identification. To this end, we proposed a novel morphological folding descriptor, called FoldingPrint, to perform the infant identification in a large longitudinal dataset with 472 infants. Successful identification results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed FoldingPrint. In addition, we found that the regions with high identification accuracy are mainly distributed in high-order association cortices. |
| 3133 | Computer 142
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Surfaces Area and Cortical Volume Development of Infant Transverse Temporal Cortex Influenced by Preterm Birth |
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States, 3MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Development of transverse temporal cortex is essential for speech perception in infants. However, the early morphological development of this cortex has not been fully understood. Additionally, influences of preterm birth on cortical development remain to be investigated. This study assessed cortical development of transverse temporal cortex in preterm and term infants based on surface reconstruction. We found that surface area and cortical volume of transverse temporal cortex underwent rapid changes. Term infants held higher surface area, cortical volume, and asymmetry than preterm infants. These results suggest that preterm birth influences the asymmetry and developmental trajectory of transverse temporal cortex. |
| 3134 | Computer 143
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Hippocampal subfield segmentation and partial volume effects - reliability assessment |
1German center for neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany, 2Institute of cognitive neurology and dementia research, Magdeburg, Germany, 3Aging & Cognition Research Group, German center for neurodegenerative diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany, 4Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany, 5Department of clinical sciences, Clinical memory research unit, Malmoe, Sweden, 6Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany, 7Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany |
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The hippocampus is involved in a variety of cognitive and functional tasks. Research groups rely on volumetric segmentations to assess: the integrity of the HC and its subfields as well as their involvement in cognitive tasks. Unfortunately, due to its size and location, most studies use non-isotropic T2-weighted images to segment the HC. The aim of this project is to determine whether partial volume effects due to T2-weighted slice angulation and non-isotropic resolution have an impact in the segmentation process. The results indicate that both, angulation and non-isotropic acquisition have a significant impact in specific subfields. |
| 3135 | Computer 144
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Three-dimensional reconstruction and dissection of hippocampal fiber pathways with human connectome data |
1Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, 2New York University School of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States |
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The hippocampus plays a vital role in learning and memory and consists of multiple subfields with distinct functional pathways. Despite many volumetric investigations, in vivo human studies on hippocampal pathways remain scarce. In this study, we show that the Perforant, Alveus/Fimbria, and CA1-Subiculum pathways can consistently reconstructed from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) diffusion MRI dataset aided by automated brain and hippocampal subfield segmentation methods. This demonstrates the feasibility of in vivo mapping of the major hippocampal pathways at 3T, which may lead to new research avenue of the functional pathways of hippocampus in normal and disease states. |
| 3136 | Computer 145
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Asymmetry of hippocampus vasculature in temporal lobe epilepsy |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Epilepsy is a chronic and prevalent disease. When epilepsy is drug resistant, resection of epileptogenic abnormalities may control seizures. However, there exist focal epileptogenic abnormalities which are not well visualized by current imaging techniques. Hippocampal vascularity has yet to be explored as an in vivo marker for the epileptic brain. Using susceptibility weighted imaging at 7T MRI we are able to visualize vessels in the hippocampus, and have automatically segmented the vessels in the hippocampus of 19 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and 19 healthy controls. We found significant asymmetry in the vessel density in patients with epilepsy when compared against healthy controls. |
| 3137 | Computer 146
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Functional connectivity changes of nucleus accumbens subdivisions in left mTLE patients |
1Department of Radiology, The second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China |
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Within the nucleus accumbens(NAC) there is a clear distinction between the shell and core portions. Growing evidences have supported that the NAC, especially its shell portion has been involved in epileptogenesis. However relevant studies on vivo human brains are quite limited. in this study, we investigated Left mTLE related function connectivity changes of NAC subregions . Our result indicated an decrease in FC between left shell and right frontal area and an increase FC between right shell and left temporal area. But no significant FC changes appear on core, which suggest that shell portion play important roles on mTLE. |
| 3138 | Computer 147
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Dilatation of Virchow-Robin Spaces is An Acute Phase Response in Children with Epileptic Seizure |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China, 2Xi’an AccuRad Network and Technology Co.Ltd., Xi’an, China, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiao tong University, Xi’an, China |
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Dysfunction of Virchow -Robin spaces (VRS) has become an exciting avenue of research for the exploration of the pathophysiology involving CNS neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. To investigate the pathophysiological link of the dilated VRS (dVRS) in children with epilepsy, we conducted semiquantitative and quantitative assessment of dVRS visible on standard 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with clinical history of symptomatic generalized tonic clonic, clonic or myoclonic seizures. Our results revealed the tendency of increased number of dVRS in the early phase following epileptic seizure, suggesting that dilated VRS might be related to the cascade of immune response during epileptic seizures. |
| 3139 | Computer 148
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Multimodal 7T MRI of epilepsy surgery candidates: Prospective evaluation of impact on presurgical decisions |
1Neurobiology Research Unit, Dept. of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 3Dept. of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet - Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology, Centre for Functional & Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Hvidovre Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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Identifying lesions at 3T MRI remains the most important correlate to epilepsy surgery outcome. Since 45% of candidates present with negative 3T MRI, investigation of diagnostic yield of clinical 7T MR protocols along with post-processing markers is urged. This ongoing study will evaluate how radiological descriptions and computational morphometrics affect presurgical decisions. So far, 19 patients and 31 controls are scanned at the Philips Achieva 7T system at Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark. Preliminary analyses of automatic segmentations show promising potential. We are in radiological training, but expect first case with evaluation of impact on presurgical decision to start around new-year 2018/2019. |
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Thalamic energy dysregulation drives microstructural changes of thalamo-cortical projections in multiple sclerosis |
1Brain and Spinal Cord Institute (ICM), Paris, France, 2Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College of London, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Public Health, University “Federico II” of Naples, Naples, Italy, 4Neuroimaging Research Centre - ICM, Paris, France, 5Hopital De La Pitie Salpetriere, Paris, France, 6APHP, St Antoine Hospital, Neurology Department, Paris, France |
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Our objective was to investigate whether thalamic energy alterations in multiple sclerosis (MS) are associated with microstructural degeneration of thalamo-cortical tracts. In 17 patients and 13 healthy controls (HCs), the apparent diffusion coefficient of creatine-phosphocreatine ADC(tCr) in the thalami, reflecting energy dysregulation, was evaluated with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Integrity of thalamo-cortical and non-thalamic tracts was evaluated by measuring mean diffusivity (MD) with standard diffusion weighted imaging. In patients but not in HCs, lower thalamic ADC(tCr) was associated with higher MD of thalamo-cortical tracts only, suggesting that thalamic energy dysfunction may induce the selective anterograde degeneration of thalamo-cortical networks. |
| 3141 | Computer 152
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In-vivo mapping of thalamic pathological mechanisms in pediatric patients with MS |
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 3Department NEUROFARBA, Section Neurosciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy, 4Multiple Sclerosis Center, Ospedale di Gallarate, Gallarate, Italy, 5Department of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, C. Mondino National Neurological Institute, Pavia, Italy, 6Brain and Behaviour Department, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 7Multiple Sclerosis Center, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy |
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Despite widely recognized in pediatric population with multiple sclerosis (MS), the pathogenesis of thalamic damage remains largely unknown. This study was performed to explore the microstructural abnormalities within this structure through the use of quantitative MRI metrics (diffusion tensor, T1/T2-weighted ratio) considering the two different thalamic interfaces (cerebrospinal fluid/thalamus and thalamus/white matter) as sites of two different pathogenic processes: the first one accounting for cerebrospinal fluid-mediated factor damage and the second one for diffuse neurodegenerative damage. The study demonstrated an heterogeneous pathogenesis for thalamic damage since the beginning of the disease. |
| 3142 | Computer 153
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Gray matter pathology changes in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of diffusion kurtosis and volumetrics. |
1NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Along with well-characterized abnormalities in normal appearing and lesional white matter, gray matter (GM) pathology has been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) both with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and structural MRI. We used diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), a clinically feasible extension of DTI, to characterize pathology in cortical and subcortical GM in MS and uncovered correlations with disease severity, quantified in terms of the Patient Determined Disease Score (PDDS). Our results suggest that DKI metrics are sensitive to changes in GM and could be helpful to use alongside standard markers of disease progression, such as GM volume atrophy. |
| 3143 | Computer 154
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Grey matter atrophy measured with MRI correlates with reduced neuronal density in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis |
1Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Experimental Imaging Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Atrophy is a clinical marker of neurodegeneration and progressive disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). To test neuroprotective treatments aimed at reducing atrophy, mouse models featuring atrophy are needed. We have shown the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model features atrophy, though we do not know if EAE atrophy is caused by neurodegeneration, as it is in MS. We used MRI and atlas-based regional volumetrics to measure atrophy in EAE, while using immunohistochemistry to measure neurodegeneration. Atrophy measured in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex correlated with neuronal loss, suggesting we can use EAE along with MRI to test neuroprotective therapies. |
| 3144 | Computer 155
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Characterization of gray-matter multiple sclerosis lesions using double inversion recovery, diffusion, contrast-enhanced, and volumetric MRI |
1Radiology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Neurology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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This study characterized gray-matter (GM) multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions using double-inversion recovery (DIR), contrast-enhanced and diffusion at 3T MRI. Lesion segmentation was based on DIR. We determined GM lesion prevalence, characterize their contrast-enhancement and diffusion characteristics, and compared them with white-matter (WM) lesions. Correlated GM lesion count and volume with total brain, WM, GM and deep GM volumes, as well as clinical disability. Comparisons were also made with healthy controls. We tested the hypothesis that GM MS lesions are highly prevalent, contrast-enhanced GM lesions have higher ADC values, and GM MS lesion counts and volumes are correlated with brain atrophy. |
| 3145 | Computer 156
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Characterization of Multi-Scale Perfusion in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RR-MS) |
1Neuroimaging Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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The purpose of this study is to characterize multi-scale cerebral perfusion in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using an advanced spin- and gradient-echo (SAGE) dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI method. SAGE DSC-MRI provides macro- and micro-vascular perfusion, permeability, and other vascular parameters. We have acquired SAGE DSC-MRI data in 24 patients, along with a quality of life metric. Preliminary analysis of the first five patients demonstrated reduced perfusion in patients with lower quality of life scores than patients with higher quality of life scores. Work is ongoing to characterize the full set of SAGE-based hemodynamic metrics in these patients. |
| 3146 | Computer 157
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Quantification of cerebral grey matter vascular and metabolic function in multiple sclerosis using dual-calibrated fMRI. |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 4Helen Durham Centre for Neuroinflammation, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Dual-calibrated fMRI (dc-fMRI) relies on the simultaneous acquisition of BOLD and ASL during a respiratory challenge to quantitatively map cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and effective oxygen diffusivity (D). Here, we use this method to investigate alterations in brain physiology in patients with multiple sclerosis (and matched healthy participants), demonstrating significant reductions in CBF and CMRO2 per unit of remaining grey matter in patients. We suggest that this method not only provides novel markers of tissue dysfunction, it also extends the methodological armamentarium for non-invasive investigation of brain pathophysiology in disease. |
| 3147 | Computer 158
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Evaluating brain oxygen metabolism and cognition in multiple sclerosis |
1Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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We used phase contrast (PC) and T2-Relaxation-Under-Spin-Tagging (TRUST) to evaluate whole brain cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) in MS patients and healthy controls. We compared CMRO2 with cognitive performance and diffusion kurtosis imaging. CMRO2 correlates negatively with cognitive function in MS patients, suggesting a marker of ongoing disease activity leading to cognitive decline. |
| 3148 | Computer 159
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Relevance of cortical and subcortical integrity in cognitive performance in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients. |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 4Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience., University College London, London, UK., London, United Kingdom, 5Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Faculty of Engineering, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile, 7Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France, 8Neurology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 9Neurology Service, Hospital Dr. Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile, 10Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 11Interdisciplinary Center of Neurosciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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In this work, we evaluated if structural characteristics of cortical regions and the U-fibers connected to these regions allows predicting multiple sclerosis patients’ score in FAS, SDMT and PASAT tests. For this purpose, we represented structural characteristics as the proportion of the regions and fibers covered by |
| 3149 | Computer 160
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Action observation training increases dynamic functional connectivity in patients with multiple sclerosis |
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy |
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Action Observation Training (AOT) seems to be a promising tool to improve upper limb function. We applied a novel method of analysis, which allows a time-varying (dynamic) assessment of resting state functional connectivity on two randomized experimental groups of healthy controls and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and two control groups. Between-group differences and dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) changes over-time in each group were evaluated. After a training of 2 weeks, MS groups improved in right upper limb functions and AOT showed a modulation of dFNC of several functional networks in MS patients. |
| 3150 | Computer 161
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Combining Structural and Functional Connectivity as Biomarkers for Disease Progression in Neurologic Disease: A Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Study |
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Neurologic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Sensitive outcome measures are required to test novel therapies designed to target neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis(MS). We have previously shown that functional connectivity using resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) and anatomic connectivity using DTI are related in the transcallosal motor pathway and along the memory pathway connecting hippocampus to posterior cingulate. We propose a combined metric incorporating anatomic and functional connectivity along these pathways as a potential biomarker of disease progression in MS. In this study, we present results from a 2 year study that assessed this biomarker in 19 MS patients at six timepoints. We show that our metric is sensitive to changes in MS disease over this time interval. We also show that our metric is more sensitive to change than typically used imaging biomarkers. |
| 3151 | Computer 162
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Evolution of functional and structural connectivity of cognitive frontoparietal network during 2 years of fingolimod therapy of multiple sclerosis |
1Radiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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It has been reported that the cognitive impairment in MS is related to the dysfunction of frontoparietal network (FPN). In a longitudinal study of MS patients undergoing fingolimod treatment, we investigated the structural and function connectivity of FPN over 2 years. The trend of changes in functional connectivity MRI, and transverse diffusivity measured by DTI probabilistic tractography indicate that fingolimod treatment stabilized damage of structural and functional connectivity of FPN sometime around/after the 1st year of treatment similar to that reported for motor network. |
| 3152 | Computer 163
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Structural and functional damage of the sensorimotor network contribute to predict disability progression and phenotype evolution in patients with multiple sclerosis: a 6.5-year follow-up study |
1Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 2Department of Neurology, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease, characterized by a highly heterogeneous disease evolution. The prognostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in clinically definite MS is still debated. The aim of this study was to find possible structural and functional MR imaging prognostic biomarkers able to guide treatment decisions in MS disease course. The analysis of structural and functional MRI networks was able to improve our understanding of the extreme variability in MS and allowed prognosis prediction at an individual level. |
| 3153 | Computer 164
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Functional connectivity correlates of altered intraindividual variability of processing speed in multiple sclerosis patients with young adult onset |
1Radiology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York City, NY, United States |
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Intra-individual variability of processing speed (IIV-PS) is a more sensitive discriminator between controls and MS patients in early disease stage than the normative mean scores of PS. We used rsfMRI to interrogate the neural correlates of IIV-PS and means of PS in MS patients with young-adult onset. Significant correlation of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was found with IIV-PS but not with mean PS. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analysis showed significant connections associated with altered IIV of identification task, but not the IIV of detection task. This approach identified the neural networks associated with altered IIV-PS in MS. |
| 3154 | Computer 165
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Connectomics of Brain Demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, Western University, London, ON, Canada |
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Resting-state connectivity alterations associated with demyelination and neurodegeneration occur in multiple sclerosis, but the specific network connections that are affected are not well understood. Moreover, temporal alterations in these networks across MS patient lifespan and MS phenotype have not been robustly characterized. In this study, we sought to isolate the influence of MS phenotype on resting-state functional connectivity in a cohort of early and later stage MS patients imaged using 7 T MRI. Through single-subject ICA denoising, followed by group-level connectivity matrix analysis with partial-least squares methods, we evaluated group level differences in 7 T resting-state connectivity between MS phenotypes. |
| 3155 | Computer 166
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Individual simulation of brain functional reorganization in early multiple sclerosis - The Virtual Brain approach |
1CEMEREM, CRMBM AMU CNRS, Marseille, France, 2Neurology, APHM, Marseille, France, 3INS AMU INSERM, Marseille, France, 4CEMEREM, APHM, Marseille, France, 5CRMBM AMU CNRS, Marseille, France |
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We demonstrate here that 'The Virtual Brain' (TVB), a computational neural mass model fed with structural connectome derived from individual diffusion MRI can successfully generate reorganized individual resting-state functional connectomes in early multiple sclerosis patients with similar topologies that those obtained with real rs-fMRI data. This opens new perspectives to predict and better understand the brain functional reorganization occuring in individual MS patients during disease progression or treatment. |
| 3156 | Computer 167
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Five Year Changes in Iron and Myelin in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Deep Gray Matter Compared to Healthy Controls |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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This study evaluated RRMS and age-matched control longitudinal changes in iron/myelin-sensitive quantitative MRI of the deep gray matter (DGM) over 5 years. In addition to standard bulk analysis of the DGM, we have used a recently introduced analysis framework that utilizes combined R2* and QS for Discriminative Analysis of Regional Evolution (DARE) to identify regions of iron and myelin longitudinal change. The main findings of the study are the significantly different volume shrinkage rates of the thalamus and iron decrease rates of the caudate, thalamus, and globus pallidus over 5 years compared to age-matched healthy controls. Additionally, iron decrease in the CN and GP was shown to be correlated to clinical disease severity and duration, respectively. |
| 3157 | Computer 168
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A preliminary assessment of the relationship of radial diffusivity of the fornix to future episodic memory performance in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Imaging Sciences, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Neurological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Schey Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Here we present a preliminary report assessing the relationship of DTI measures of the fornix to future episodic memory in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We find that radial diffusivity of the fornix is longitudinally related to visual spatial episodic memory. This finding suggests this measure is appropriate to investigate as a potential predictive marker of cognitive decline. |
| 3158 | Computer 169
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Statistical analysis of phase congruency detects normal appearing white matter changes associated with disease severity between relapsing remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Mechanisms of disease progression from relapsing remitting to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) are still unclear. Here we applied new texture analysis approaches including phase congruency to understand the differences between normal appearing white matter structure in the brain corpus callosum of patients with relapsing or progressive MS, and matched controls. We found that the contrast, energy, and homogeneity of weighted mean phase in the corpus callosum differentiate MS patients from controls, and energy and homogeneity further distinguish relapsing from progressive MS. Advanced analysis of phase congruency outcomes may help detect disease progression in MS. |
| 3159 | Computer 170
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Brain volume measurements in multiple sclerosis patients: a novel combination approach for routine clinical assessment in MS PATHS |
1Biogen, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 6Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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Highly precise measurements from fully automated techniques are required to quantify brain atrophy in individual multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. We developed a novel approach to reliably estimate brain atrophy in MS that combines two techniques applied to different image contrasts and incorporates inter-scanner calibrations. We validated this approach using data acquired in a scan-rescan study. Mean coefficient of variation (CV) for the new brain parenchymal fraction measurement was 0.18%, which was lower than the CV attained for the individual techniques. This new metric will next be integrated into the radiology workflow in MS PATHS institutions for further testing. |
| 3160 | Computer 171
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Transient enlargement of brain ventricles during Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis |
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Institute for Vegetative Anatomy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 5Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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Brain ventricle volumes (VV) increased sharply during initial disease in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis (MS), normalizing upon clinical remission. A cohort of MS patients with 13 monthly MRI scans over one year showed significantly greater VV volatility than healthy controls. Most patients showed VV contractions greater than the ±6% range of variation in healthy controls, and these patients had significantly lower disease severity compared to non-contracting patients. For some patients, the time series of changes in VV showed significant cross-correlations with other MRI and clinical parameters, suggesting that VV variations reflected disease processes related to inflammation. |
| 3161 | Computer 172
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White Matter Tract-Defined Lesion Loads in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis |
1Radiology & Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Healthy Brain Aging Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) present at various locations throughout the brain. 207 relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients were scanned at 3T. T2w and T1w images were used to segment white matter (WM) hyper- and hypo-intensities, respectively. Using an atlas of WM tracts, the lesion burden was computed for each tract. The dominant lesion load was found in the periventricular regions. The tract percent load is highest in the anterior thalamic radiation, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, the forceps major, and forceps minor tracts. The uncinate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the four cingulum tracts have the lowest lesion loads. |
| 3162 | Computer 173
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Spatial distribution of multiple sclerosis lesions along the brain and spinal motor tracts and correlation with functional deficits |
1NeuroPoly Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Neurology, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France, 3Radiology, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France, 4Univ Rennes, Inria, CNRS, Inserm, IRISA UMR 6074, Visages U1128, Rennes, France, 5CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 6McConnell Brain Imaging Center, Montreal neurological institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 7Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China, 8Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 9Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 10National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan, 11Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 12Hopital Cochin, Paris, France, 13National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 14Neuroimaging Research Unit, INSPE, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, 15Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 16Functional Neuroimaging Unit, CRIUGM, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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We describe the spatial distribution of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions in the corticospinal tracts (CST), from the cortex to the lower cervical cord, using an open-source automated pipeline. We confirm the high frequency of CST focal damage in MS patients from the first year of relapsing-remitting MS and identify areas of predilection for MS lesions along the CST in the cervical spinal cord. At baseline, no significant correlation was observed between brain or spinal cord CST lesion volume fraction and physical disability scores. However, the baseline spinal cord CST lesion volume fraction correlated with the EDSS at 2 years. |
| 3163 | Computer 174
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Investigating the contribution of interhemispheric disconnection to disability and fatigue in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. |
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 3University of Genoa/IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy |
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We explored the presence and clinical impact of interhemispheric disconnection in progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) through a tractography-based approach, quantifying the number of streamlines passing through callosal subregions. In PMS, we identified a reduced number of streamlines in the splenium and the anterior portion of the corpus callosum (CC) body. Patients with primary and secondary progressive phenotype presented different patterns of CC involvement. The reduced number of streamlines in central and anterior CC was related to motor disability and fatigue, while loss of the integrity in the posterior portion of CC was the main feature of cognitively impaired patients. |
| 3164 | Computer 175
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Vascular disease risk factors in multiple sclerosis is associated with reduced cerebral metabolic activity |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 2Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 3VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States |
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Reduced cerebral metabolic activity is observed with increased vascular disease risk factors like hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. High resolution MR techniques are used to measure and characterize capillary water flux and water permeability surface product as potential surrogates of brain metabolic activity. |
| 3165 | Computer 1
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Towards clinically useful individual regional brain atrophy rates: bridging long- and short-term longitudinal volume change estimates |
1Department of Medical Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3LTS5, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Several brain diseases show prominent, regionally-specific atrophy over time, which is often predictive of patient outcomes. However, reliable estimation of atrophy rates typically relies on repeated observations over several years. This is incompatible with clinical practice in terms of cost and prognosis utility. Here, we propose a statistical regularization approach to dramatically improve the quality of regional atrophy estimates, using only two longitudinal measurements. We evaluate the approach on open data from 43 MR scanners and 599 subjects, showing that we halve the error in most regions, while maintaining discriminability between controls and Alzheimer patients. |
| 3166 | Computer 2
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White matter hyperintensity burden is strongly associated with neuro-inflammation but not with amyloid deposition: a multimodal PET MR study |
1Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States, 2Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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Selectively elevated PET 11C-PK11195 uptake within white matter demonstrates that |
| 3167 | Computer 3
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Decreased FDG-PET Uptake and Inter-Hemispheric Functional and Structural Connectivity in Patients with Multi-domain Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare Shanghai, Shanghai, China |
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Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is not a uniform disease entity. Based on clinical symptoms, aMCI can be further classified as single-domain aMCI (SD-aMCI) with isolated memory deficit, or multi-domain aMCI (MD-aMCI) if memory deficit is combined with other cognitive domains impairment. By examining cerebral metabolism, inter-hemispheric connectivity, behavioral features, and neuropathologies, we observed disrupted bilateral cerebral metabolism, structural and functional disconnection between bilateral hemispheres in MD-aMCI, but not in SD-aMCI. Thus, along with the continuum between normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease, SD-aMCI and MD-aMCI may represent two clinical phases. |
| 3168 | Computer 4
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Multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging versus 18F-FDG-PET to Identify Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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18F-FDG-PET provides a functional neurodegenerative biomarker in the Alzheimer’s continuum, but it is costly and involves exposure to ionizing radiation. Arterial Spin Labeled (ASL) perfusion MRI can be acquired during routine MRI session to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is tightly coupled with cerebral metabolism. We demonstrated that the ASL hypoperfusion pattern was similar to that of FDG-PET-hypometabolism in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Further, ASL-CBF provided complementary information to hippocampal atrophy measured with structural MRI. Multimodal MRI may provide a cost-effective and totally noninvasive substitute for 18F-FDG-PET in clinical and research setting for detecting Alzheimer’s neurodegeneration. |
| 3169 | Computer 5
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Reference Regions for Computing Relative Cerebral Blood Flow in Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) both globally and in AD specific regions, however there is considerable CBF variability even in healthy population. Relative CBF using mean CBF in AD-spared regions as reference removes this variability and can provide higher sensitivity and specificity for regional changes. We compared the effects of using different reference regions in discriminating patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and elderly controls using two different arterial spin labeling acquisitions. Putamen and primary motor cortex were most spared in the aMCI cohort and provided best patient-diagnosis when used as reference regions. |
| 3170 | Computer 6
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Does obesity cause limbic neuroglia changes that may precede Alzheimer's disease? An MRI causal analysis investigation using quantitative magnetisation transfer |
1Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Frimley, Camberley, United Kingdom, 2CUBRIC, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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By a causal analysis approach, we investigated the effect that an “intervention” on healthy population weight would produce on hippocampus macromolecular exchange rates. The quantitative magnetisation transfer index forward exchange rate (kf) is recognised to be lowered by myelin/axonal membrane loss and neuroinflammation. We found that, especially in over 56 years aged male subjects, forcing the weight to stay below the overweight threshold (waist-to-hip ratio 0.9) may dramatically reduce low macromolecular exchange rate occurrences in the population. |
| 3171
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Computer 7
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Quantitative Intracranial Vasculature Assessment to detect dementia using the intraCranial Artery Feature Extraction (iCafe) Technique |
1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Intracranial artery features measured from 3D magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may provide new biomarkers for detecting dementia. Quantitative morphometry and intensity features using iCafe analysis of MRA was compared between cognitively normal and abnormal subjects. We found significantly lower total artery length (p=0.0046), distal artery length (p=0.0043), number of branches (p=0.0038) and average order (p=0.0250) in the cognitively abnormal group. These results suggest reduced vascularity for dementia subjects. iCafe is a promising tool to quantitatively characterize intracranial vascular structures for dementia research. |
| 3172 | Computer 8
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Neuropathologic Correlates of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in a Community Cohort of Older Adults |
1Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Perivascular spaces are fluid-filled spaces surrounding blood vessels as they penetrate the brain, forming a brain fluid drainage system that facilitates interstitial fluid exchange and clearance of waste products. Enlargement of perivascular spaces is common in aging, and literature has linked enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) to increased risk of stroke, lower cognitive function, and vascular dementia. The links of EPVS burden to age-related neuropathologies have not yet been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to assess the neuropathologic correlates of EPVS by combining ex-vivo MRI and pathology data in a large community cohort of 625 older adults. |
| 3173 | Computer 9
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Glutamate Weighted Imaging (GluCEST) as a Biomarker of Cognitive Function: Preliminary Findings from GluCEST MRI in Older Adults |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Penn Memory Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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We used glutamate weighted Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) imaging to investigate changes in glutamate concentrations in the brains of older adults. These are preliminary findings representing the data from subjects presenting with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) (n=5) and similarly-aged healthy controls (n=5). In this cohort, we observed a trend of decreasing GluCEST contrast in multiple regions of the brain of MCI subjects when compared to control subjects. Especially interesting is the apparent global decrease in GluCEST contrast throughout the white matter of the MCI subjects. |
| 3174 | Computer 10
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FLAIR-DTI joint analysis of periventricular white matter lesions for normal control, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease |
1Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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In patients with mild cognitive impairment from ADNI MRI database, joint analyses of FLAIR and diffusion-tensor MRI (DTI) find significant positive correlation between periventricular white matter lesion (PVWML) and ventricle volumes; and negative correlation between PVWML and grey matter thickness of four cortical regions. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between PVWML and DTI measures (FA, MD, AD and RD) within the WM in close proximity to four cortical regions, indicating the degenerative changes in remote subcortical WM regions that can be quantitatively evaluated with DTI. However, such correlations were not found in either normal controls or patients with AD. |
| 3175 | Computer 11
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Susceptibility and Volume Changes of the Mammillary Bodies as a Function of Age for Healthy Individuals and Early Stage Dementia |
1Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Magnetic Resonance Innovations, Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 5Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 6Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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The mammillary bodies play an important role in episodic memory and spatial memory. However, few studies have focused on their properties in humans due to the limitations of the imaging techniques, their location and small size. In this study, we evaluate brain iron content and volume of the mammillary bodies in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s Disease and healthy individuals using quantitative susceptibility mapping and 3D T1-weighted imaging. There was a slight reduction in volume and increase in susceptibility with age and there were no differences of either susceptibility or volume among the three groups. |
| 3176 | Computer 12
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Cerebral myo-inositol and glutamate+glutamine levels assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in healthy aging |
1Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Physics and astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study aims at measuring the effect of aging and expression of protein amyloid-beta (Aβ) on markers of neuroinflammation and glutamate metabolism using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Measures of medial frontal cortical myo-inositol (mI) and glutamate+glutamine (Glx) were obtained in 21 young adults, 21 healthy older adults and 10 healthy older adults expressing Aβ. Results show an increase in mI in all older adults compared to young adults, and a decrease in Glx in all older adults compared to young adults. These results suggest that MRS is a viable tool in the investigation of biomarkers of inflammation in aging. |
| 3177 | Computer 13
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Prediction of Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients based on VBM, DBM and SBM Analysis |
1Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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Exploring reliable biomarkers is important for the clinical early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients . This study investigated cerebral morphological abnormalities in MCI by combining three widely-used morphometry analysis methods (Voxel-based morphometry (VBM), deformation-based morphometry (DBM) and surface-based morphometry (SBM)) and constructed a set of classifiers to identify MCI patients from normal controls. The highest classification accuracy (91%) was reached when using combined morphological features (including gray matter volume, deformation, cortex thickness, gyrification index, sulcus depth and fractal dimension). Our results indicate that using combined morphological features could improve the performance of MCI prediction compared to using a single morphometry method |
| 3178 | Computer 14
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HIGH AND LOW RISK DEMENTIA CLASSIFICATION IN EARLY MCI FROM ADNI1 |
1Cognitive Neuroscience, Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy, 2Neuroradiology, Santa Maria del Carmine Hospital of Rovereto, Rovereto, Italy, 3Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Mattarello, Italy |
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Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has been defined as the stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more serious decline of dementia. Its clinical characteristics represent the earliest features of many forms of dementia. Specifically, many studies have reported amnestic MCI (aMCI) as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, but to date there’s still a need for establishing specific, reliable, pre-symptomatic and non-invasive biomarkers associated to the progression of aMCI to AD. In this study we investigated CSF and structural MRI biomarkers for the classification of high and low risk of dementia conversion in aMCI. |
| 3179 | Computer 15
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Functional Impact of Theta Burst Stimulation on Motor Cortex |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States |
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The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation using intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on functional connectivity and cortical excitability was tested in a healthy older adult and individuals with mild cognitive impairment. Individuals underwent an iTBS protocol with single pulse cortical excitability tests and-resting state fMRI(rs-fMRI) being performed before and after. Cortical excitability was tested through a pseudorandomized order of intensities of single pulses. Within functional network RS-fMRI analysis was done of the sensorimotor network. Differences in the response between the two populations was observed in both the functional connectivity changes in the sensorimotor network as well as the cortical excitability. |
| 3180 | Computer 16
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Quantification of neuronal loss related to cognitive impairment in mild Alzheimer disease in hippocampal subfields using quantitative gradient recalled echo (qGRE) MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 2Knight Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 3Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States |
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Damage of hippocampus leading to cognitive decline is one of the major hallmarks of Alzheimer disease (AD). Differentiating neuronal loss in hippocampal subfields is important as they control different biological functions. In this study, we used MRI-based qGRE technique to evaluate neuronal content (in the remaining after atrophy tissue) of hippocampal subfields in a well-characterized cohort of human subjects recruited from Knight ADRC. Our results showed pronounced left/right asymmetry in the pattern of neuronal damage in mild AD and a significantly stronger (compared to atrophy) correlation between neuronal loss in the remaining tissue of hippocampal subfields and cognitive tests. |
| 3181 | Computer 17
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The effect of deep medullary veins disruption on cognitive function is mediated by microstructure integrity in patients with cerebral small vessel disease |
1Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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We aimed to evaluate the effect of deep medullary veins (DMVs) disruption on cognition in cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) patients and to examine whether white matter microstructure integrity mediate the relationship between DMVs disruption and cognitive impairment. Susceptibility-weighted images were used to observe characteristics of DMVs. White matter was classified into white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and normal appearing white matter (NAWM), and the average Fractional anisotropy (FA) and cerebral blood flow values of each region were extracted and compared. Mediation analyses revealed that the effect of DMVs score on cognition was mediated by microstructure integrity (FA value) in NAWM. |
| 3182 | Computer 18
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Brain volume asymmetries and 1H-MRS of Posterior Cingulate Cortex in the differential diagnosis of Primary Progressive Aphasia |
1Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Functional MR Unit, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Bologna, Italy, 2IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Bologna, Italy, 3Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Bologna, Italy, 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Bologna, Italy |
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Differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is a great challenge for both clinic practice and research. We investigated the ability of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of Posterior Cingulate Cortex (PCC) and brain volume asymmetries to differentiate patients with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) from patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The N-acetyl-aspartate to myo-inositol ratio (NAA/mI ratio) in the PCC discriminates APP from AD (p = 0.009) with an accuracy of 75.5%. Furthermore, ROC curve analyses of all statistically significant asymmetry indexes were performed and the PCC showed the highest level of accuracy (81.4%) in discriminating between the two neurodegenerative groups. |
| 3183 | Computer 19
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Identification of normal pressure hydrocephalus by disease-specific patterns of brain stiffness and damping ratio |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 3Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a form of dementia characterized by cognitive impairment, urinary incontinence and abnormal gait. NPH can be difficult to differentiate from other dementias, but it can be treated in many cases if accurately diagnosed. Here we tested whether MR elastography-based measures of brain stiffness and damping ratio could discriminate subjects with NPH from both cognitively normal subjects and those with probable Alzheimer’s disease. Both mechanical parameters exhibited significant group-wise differences in a specific spatial pattern. Further, summary measures of these spatial patterns in individuals discriminated subjects with NPH from the other two groups (area under ROC≥0.94). |
| 3184 | Computer 20
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Altered Functional Topological Properties of Brain Networks in Type-2 Diabetes with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China |
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This study aims to investigate the functional topological properties in T2DM with and without impairment, and characterize its relationships with clinical measurements. Forty-four T2DM patients were divided into two sub-groups (impaired and normal cognition), together with healthy controls, were imaged at a 3T scanner. We found no significant intergroup difference in global measurements among the three group. However, increased or decreased nodal efficiency was detected in some important brain regions. Altered nodal efficiency in FFG and ITG correlated with glycosylated hemoglobinA1c and neuropsychological assessments. The resting-state functional topological properties research shows potential feasibility in characterizing intrinsic alterations of diabetic encephalopathy. |
| 3185 | Computer 21
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Progressive Alterations in Resting-State Regional Homogeneity in Type 2 Diabetes with and without Mild Cognitive Impairment |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China |
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This study aims to detailly investigate the alterations in spontaneous brain activity in T2DM patients with and without MCI and characterize its relationships with clinical measurements. Forty-four T2DM patients were divided into two sub-groups(impaired and normal cognition), together with 25 healthy controls, were scanned at 3Tscanner. T2DM patients with normal cognition had increased regional-homogeneity in many important brain regions than controls. Those with MCI exhibited regional-homogeneity in right inferior frontal gyrus in a further step. Increased regional-homogeneity correlated with neuropsychological assessment, glycosylated-hemoglobinA1c and disease duration. Rs-fMRI can be an appropriate approach for studying the alteration in spontaneous brain activity in diabetes. |
| 3186 | Computer 22
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Amyloid- β Associations with White Matter Integrity in Down Syndrome Assessed Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and 11C-PiB Positron Emission Tomography |
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 3Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 4University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Nearly all people with Down Syndrome will develop Alzheimer’s Dementia neuropathology by age 50, often asymptomatically. In this work, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to characterize white matter (WM) tract microstructure in thirty-three non-demented participants with Down Syndrome. Amyloid plaque burden was assessed using PET imaging with C-11 PiB. DTI measures were used to compare WM microstructure in DS individuals with high amyloid burden (PiB+) versus individuals with low amyloid burden (PIB-). PIB+ adults demonstrated significantly increased mean diffusivity and decreased fractional anisotropy in several bilateral WM regions. These findings are consistent of signs of WM degeneration. |
| 3187 | Computer 23
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Hippocampal cerebrovascular reactivity is associated with obesity in women. An arterial spin labeling study. |
1Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide (CVR-CO2) is impaired in conditions affecting cerebral vasculature. Obesity increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The hippocampus plays a prominent role in cognition and it is one of the earliest brain structures affected during the progression of AD. It remains uncertain how obesity affects cerebral vasculature in AD vulnerable regions. We examined the relationship between body mass index and neocortical and hippocampal vasoreactivity. Our pulsed ASL sequence combined a flow-sensitive alternating inversion-recovery labeling scheme with balanced steady-state free precession to optimize spatial resolution and lower sensitivity to susceptibility artifacts. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements were done during rest and rebreathing challenge designed to increased CO2 level. In obese women (BMI≥30, n=36) hippocampal vasoreactivity was 80% lower than in their non-obese peers. No relationship was observed in men or with respect to cortical vasoreactivity. |
| 3188 | Computer 24
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A novel MRI classifier of arteriolar sclerosis in aging: Prediction of pathology and cognitive decline |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Department of Pathology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Arteriolar sclerosis is one of the main pathologies of small vessel disease, is common in the aging brain, and has been associated with lower cognitive performance and higher risk of dementia. Definitive diagnosis of arteriolar sclerosis is only possible at autopsy. In this work, an MRI-based classifier of arteriolar sclerosis was developed, by first training a classifier on ex-vivo MRI and pathology data and then translating it in-vivo, and was evaluated in a large community cohort of older adults. |
| 3189 | Computer 25
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Evaluation of the magnetization exchange in catecholaminergic nuclei at 3 T |
1Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Magnetization Transfer (MT) weighted gradient echo techniques can be used favourably instead of typical spin-echo based approaches for high-resolution imaging of the Locus Coeruleus (LC), which is of interest in various diseases. Examining the MT properties of the LC is needed for the development of quantitative biomarkers. Employing a fast, high-resolution acquisition sequence we show that it is possible to obtain data to fit a two-pool MT exchange model in the LC. The LC shows differential MT behavior compared to other catecholaminergic and adjacent GM regions consistent with reduced macromolecular content. |
| 3190 | Computer 26
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Mild neonatal hypoxia-ischemia in rats induces long-term behavior and cerebellar anormalities |
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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How mild neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in very immature rats affects cerebellum remains not well understood. We showed cerebellar abnormalities, including behavior, motor function and metabolites, in adult rats after HI at postnatal day 3. |
| 3191 | Computer 27
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Cerebral mapping of glutamate with GluCEST MRI in a rat model of stress-induced sleep disturbance |
1Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, and MR Core, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Faculty of Health Sciences and Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 3MR Core, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Avison Biomedical Research Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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GluCEST is a powerful neuroimaging tool, can detect in vivo glutamate signals involving neurotransmitter metabolism in the central nervous system. We measured glutamate signal changes in the hippocampus and cortex of a rat model of stress-induced perturbed sleep, using in vivo GluCEST and high-resolution 1H-MRS. The CEST signal in control and sleep-perturbed rats revealed significant findings on GluCEST contrast values and metabolic concentrations in both regions. Our in vivo GluCEST and 1H-MRS results may yield valuable insights in the alterations of cerebral glutamate signals in sleep disorders. |
| 3192 | Computer 28
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Diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI reveal altered brain network hubs on a depression knockout mouse model |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 3Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 5Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 6Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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In this study, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional MRI were employed on a depression knock-out mouse model, which shows behaviors of anxiety and depression. The brain network hubs were investigated by region-of-interest (ROI) and connectivity analyses. Our results showed altered resting-state connectivity in prefrontal and hippocampal areas. Also, altered DTI indices were also found in thalamus and hippocampus. These findings are consistent with previous human studies and suggest the brain neuroimaging could be potentially useful to reveal the brain network hubs affected by depression on the proposed mouse model. |
| 3193 | Computer 29
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In Vivo Evidence of Brain Glutamate Level Changes in a Multiple Sclerosis Rat Model Using Glutamate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (GluCEST) Imaging |
1Faculty of Health Sciences and Brain & Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 2MR Core Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, and Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Center for Bioimaging of New Drug Development, and MR Core Laboratory, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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GluCEST imaging is a novel molecular MRI imaging technique that provides in vivo image contrast by glutamate concentration changes. In this abstract, we attempted to evaluate signal changes in hippocampus and corpus callosum at a multiple sclerosis rat model based on the quantified GluCEST signals. We also evaluated and compared the signals with those in the control group to demonstrate the glutamate signal differences. Our results clearly showed that GluCEST imaging could be a useful tool to evaluate the brain metabolism in the brain multiple sclerosis, and it provides quantitative results highly related with the in vivo glutamate level changes. |
| 3194 | Computer 30
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Glutamate imaging in schizophrenia prodrome |
1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China, 3Mental Health Center of Shantou University, Shantou, China, 4Mathematics and Information Technology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, China, 5Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, 62nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China, 7Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China |
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The diagnosis of schizophrenia prodrome is significant since early intervention may prevent the development of full-blown schizophrenia. With increasing evidence indicating that glutamate is involved in the incidence of schizophrenia, we hypothesize that glutamate could be an imaging biomarker in the diagnosis of prodromal schizophrenia. We applied the glutamate CEST imaging technique in schizophrenic models and demonstrates that glutamate changes in different regions of the brain at an early stage, which may provide a powerful indicator of the diagnosis of schizophrenia prodrome. In addition, the glutamate CEST image had excellent correlation with standard MR spectroscopy. |
| 3195 | Computer 31
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Advanced Experimental setup for awake resting-state fMRI in rabbits |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Physiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Awake imaging in pre-clinical research is challenging due to the MRI sensitivity to motion and animal’s natural reactivity to unfamiliar and loud environment. In this work we present an experimental setup for resting-state fMRI of rabbits and preliminary data collected with it. Our setup relies on the natural tolerance of rabbit to restraint and a home-designed animal fixing cradle equipped with a 3-channel receiver coil. |
| 3196 | Computer 32
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In vivo longitudinal 1H MRS study of hippocampal, cereberal and striatal metabolic changes in the developing brain using an animal model of Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy |
1LIFMET, CIBM, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2CIBM, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Neurometabolic Unit, Service of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Swiss Center for Liver Disease in Children, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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Chronic hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder associated with chronic liver disease (CLD). For children, the impairment of neurocognitive functions as a consequence of CLD seems to be irreversible. We aimed to investigate longitudinally, using in-vivo 1H-MRS, differences in metabolic changes between hippocampus, cerebellum and striatum of a developing brain in a rat model of CHE. We showed the most pronounced changes in metabolites in cerebellum, suggesting its increased vulnerability. Further delineation of regional changes in the brain in response to CLD may help elucidate the molecular and regional origins of neuromotor and neurocognitive changes associated with CLD. |
| 3197 | Computer 33
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Impaired Functional Connectivity in a Rat Model and Humans with Fragile X Syndrome. |
1Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Patrick Wild Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 4Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 5Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 6Centre for Brain Development and Repair, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore, India |
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A key requirement for the effective development of novel therapies for Intellectual Disabilities is the ability to directly compare findings from basic neuroscience in rodent models with human studies. Functional magnetic resonance imaging offers a platform to overcome this translational barrier. Here, we use a parallel resting state fMRI approach in individuals with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and in a rat model of FXS using a 3T and 7T scanner respectively, and show that the loss of Fragile X mental retardation protein leads to a shared decrease in DMN connectivity in humans with FXS and rats that model this disorder. |
| 3198 | Computer 34
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Imaging the evolution acute fear to anxiety: Longitudinal whole brain imaging in living mice of neural activity with MEMRI |
1Elaine Bearer, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 2Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadean, CA, United States, 3Pathology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States, 4Physiology, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Life-threatening events cause extreme fear, which evolves in vulnerable people into a debilitating mental illness--post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here we directly address how acute fear evolves to anxiety using high field MR in mouse models of PTSD, applying systems-wide longitudinal manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) to image whole brain responses to unconditioned fear, predator stress (PS), and progression or resolution over time. We report that serotonin transporter knock-out results in sustained anxiety-like behavior and altered neural activity after predator stress. Automated segmentation of SPM maps identifies m regions correlated with progression to PTSD for the first time. |
| 3199 | Computer 35
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In Vivo MRI Reveals Increased Brain Prefusion in Carbamoylated Erythropoietin Treated Mice |
1Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States, 2Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States, 3Sioux Falls VA HealthCare System, Sioux Falls, SD, United States |
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In vivo MRI was used to detect and measure the brain hemodynamic action of carbamoylated erythropoietin (Cepo) in mice. Brain perfusion was measured using dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI, and BBB permeability was detected by pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping. It was found that Cepo caused increased cerebral blood flow and volume. Consistent pre- and post-contrast T1 values indicated no gadolinium leakage from vascular system to brain tissue. In summary, chronic Cepo treatment induced increased brain perfusion and this can be detected using in vivo MRI. |
| 3200 | Computer 36
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Longitudinal 9.4 Tesla 1H MRS in the thalamus of the Theiler’s encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) mouse model of multiple sclerosis |
1Department of Medical Physics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging at the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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This study investigated thalamic metabolic alterations related to acute and chronic inflammation in mice infected with TMEV, a model of MS. TMEV-inoculation causes a biphasic neurological disease starting with an early acute inflammation of the subcortical gray matter (<1 month) and progressing into a late chronic demyelinating phase associated with oligodendroglial damage that develops into a neurodegenerative phase (>4 months). Our hypothesis was that the influx of immune cells will result in increased glutamate and myoinositol in the acute |
| 3201 | Computer 37
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Pre- and post-symptomatic longitudinal metabolic assessment of the Twitcher mouse model of Krabbe Disease at 9.4 Tesla |
1Department of Medical Physics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 3Department of Biochemistry, Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging at the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, The State Univeristy of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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Krabbe Disease (KD) is a rare progressive globoid cell leukodystrophy caused by a deficiency of galactocerebrosidase (GALC), necessary for the metabolism of galactosylceramide and psychosine. Accumulation of these neurotoxic sphingolipids results in demyelination, neuroinflammation and ultimately death in infancy. This study aimed to investigate if localized proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may serve as useful markers to detect pre-symptomatic metabolic alterations related to KD. |
| 3202 | Computer 38
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4D Real-time BOLD MRI in Genetically Engineered Mouse Brains with Acute Hypoxia Challenge |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 3Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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The objective of this study is to develop 4D time-resolved high-resolution BOLD MRI by combining low-rank sparse imaging and compressed sensing. By expressing a dynamic BOLD image as the product of a set of basis images and temporal functions, we are able to capture differential dynamic BOLD responses to oscillating hypoxia challenge in high-resolution 3D space in genetically engineered mouse brains. |
| 3203 | Computer 39
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Effects of daily high and low frequency low-intensity repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in rats: A longitudinal rs-fMRI study |
1Experimental and Regenerative Neurosciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia, 2Brain Plasticity Group, Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Research, Nedlands, Australia, 3Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia, 4School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia |
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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a novel non-invasive brain stimulation technique, has been shown to modulate dysfunctional brain networks in humans. However, despite anecdotal evidence that rTMS effects tend to wear off, there are no reports of fMRI studies, even in humans, mapping the therapeutic duration of rTMS effects. Here, we investigated the cumulative effects of daily low-intensity rTMS on rodent resting-state networks using rs-fMRI and mapped for persistence for up to three weeks. Our study confirms the frequency-specific effects of rTMS and shows that 1 Hz stimulation has milder, but longer-lasting effects on functional connectivity than 10 Hz stimulation. |
| 3204 | Computer 40
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Upregulation of Rac1 activity related to structural and functional neuroimaging changes in mouse brain at 11.7T |
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China, 3iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China |
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Rac1 is critical for synapse remodeling. In this work, we investigated whether Rac1 could induce neuroimaging changes in a transgenic mouse model using structural MRI, resting state-fMRI and MRS at 11.7T. Our data showed that the volume of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is significantly decreased in Rac1 activation group. Moreover, we found that the upregulation of Rac1 activity is related to increased functional connectivity in mouse brain. However, Glx or GABA levels do not show significant changes in mPFC. We concluded that the upregulation of Rac1 activity is related to structural and functional neuroimaging changes. |
| 3205 | Computer 41
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Performance of sodium, ultrafast diffusion, and MPIO stem cell tracking MRI classification of sub-acute ischemic stroke recovery at 21.1T |
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 3Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 5Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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MRI leverages multiple modes of contrast to characterize stroke. Acute phase stroke detection has focused on multiparametric MRI contrasts such as T2-weighting (T2w), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and sodium level. Evaluation of these contrasts with theranostic cell tracking during the subacute recovery phase at ultrahigh field has not been investigated to a similar extent. Here multiparametric MRI evaluation of ADC, 23Na, and MPIO stem cell tracking in a rodent MCAO model at 21.1T was used to determine parametric correlations and receiver operator performance. Differential parametric time-dependence and sensitivities are observed that inform future high-and low field studies of stroke recovery. |
| 3206 | Computer 42
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Contrast-enhanced MR microangiography of cortical vascular remodeling after unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion in the mouse |
1Department of Experimental Neurology and Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany, 2Cluster of Excellence NeuroCure and Charité Core Facility 7T Experimental MRIs, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Department of Neurosurgery and Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 5Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Collateral flow is an important, yet poorly understood compensatory mechanism in response to brain hypoperfusion. Unilateral internal carotid artery occlusion in the mouse is a model to study collateral growth of penetrating arterioles. We hypothesized that this process could be assessed in vivo by high resolution MR microangiography with iron oxide nanoparticles. Since our MR vessel density measurements contradicted previous histological findings we established atlas tools to validate angiograms with microscopy on vessel-stained tissue slices or with whole brain serial two photon microscopy. |
| 3207 | Computer 43
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Brain GABA Levels of P5 Wild Type and Fragile X Mouse Model (FMR1 KO): Comparison of Mass Spectroscopy and In vivo 1H MRS |
1Stanford University, Palo alto, CA, United States |
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An imbalance between excitatory glutaminergic and inhibitory GABAergic processes is one of the leading hypotheses for fragile X syndrome. We investigated GABAergic differences by measuring brain GABA levels of male five-day-old mouse pups (P5) in Wild-Type (WT) and Fragile X knockout (FMR1 KO) models. .. Ex vivo mass spectrometry detected thalamus and frontal differences in both WT and FMR1 KO models and lower GABA levels in the FMR1 KO animals. In vivo 1H spectra at 7T found similar regional GABA differences between thalamus- and frontal-rich regions, but was unable to detect Wild-Type versus FMR1 KO differences. |
| 3208 | Computer 44
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Investigation of cerebral metabolite changes in the dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex of adult macaques with neonatal hippocampal lesions |
1Yerkes Imaging Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Department of Psychology and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States, 4Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Disease, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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In the present study, in vivo MR spectroscopy was employed to investigate the neuro-metabolites changes of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) in adult macaques with neonatal hippocampus lesion (Neo-H). Significant metabolite changes were seen in the right DLPFC of the Neo-H monkeys but not in the VLPFC, and significantly correlated with the working memory scores. Also, lateralization of the cerebral metabolite changes was observed. The results suggest that the neuro-metabolites changes in DLPFC and VLPFC of adult monkeys resulted from early insult to the hippocampus and the effect is mainly seen in the right hemisphere. |
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Reduced cerebral blood flow measured in the EAE mouse model of multiple sclerosis using perfusion MRI |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Experimental Imaging Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease involving inflammation. Brain hypoxia, or low brain oxygenation, in MS is an emerging field of study. It has been shown that some MS patients have reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF), but the mechanism is unclear. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse model used to study inflammation-associated neurodegeneration. Using perfusion MRI and immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that CBF reduction in EAE may be due to cerebral blood vessel occlusion in response to systemic inflammation. CBF reduction, coupled with brain inflammation, is a likely cause of hypoxia in MS. |
| 3210 | Computer 46
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Using a multimodal near-infrared spectroscopy and MRI system to quantify gray matter metabolic rate for oxygen: A hypothermia validation study |
1Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Hotchkiss Brain Istitute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Experimental Imaging Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 5Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Non-invasive quantitative imaging of cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2) in mice is crucial to understand the role of oxidative metabolism in neurological diseases. We are developing a multimodal method combining near-infrared spectroscopy and high-field MRI to non-invasively study oxygen delivery and consumption in the cortex of mouse models of neurological disease. In this study, the feasibility of the NIRS-MRI technique to detect changes in CMRO2 in the mouse brain was assessed using a mild hypothermia, known to reduce metabolic rate. A decrease of 23% in CBF and 46% in CMRO2 was observed, which is consistent with previously published values. |
| 3211 | Computer 47
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MRI Discriminates between the Aged and Aged Diabetic Brain of Rats |
1Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States |
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Aging and diabetes both affect brain structure and physiology. To distinguish changes in brain induced by normal aging from diabetes in the aging brain, MRI measurements were performed on three groups of young, aged non-diabetic and correspondingly aged diabetic rats. MRI measurements, i.e., T1, T2, CBF, CE-T1WI, MD, FA, MK and Entropy were performed. Our data indicate that select MRI metrics FA of white and grey matter, and combination of T1 and T2 of grey matter are able to discriminate cerebral changes caused by aging and age-equivalent diabetes. |
| 3212 | Computer 48
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Longitudinal monitoring of brain glutamate levels using gluCEST in a rat model of Huntington’s disease |
1MIRCen, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France |
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Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. As glutamate has been shown to be a potential biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases, we used Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer imaging of glutamate (gluCEST) to map cerebral glutamate distribution in a rat model of HD. The longitudinal follow-up of brain glutamate levels reveals different variations between HD and control animals, suggesting that gluCEST may serve as a potential biomarker of HD, especially at asymptomatic stage. |
| 3213 | Computer 49
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Serial MRI to Assess Effects of Drug Particle Size on Inflammation and Pharmacokinetics to Support Development of Long Acting Parenteral Formulations |
1Bioimaging, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States, 2Histology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States, 3Pathology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States, 4Modeling and Translational Biology, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States, 5Drug Delivery, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, PA, United States |
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We evaluated the effect of Long Acting Parenteral particle size on drug depot kinetics and inflammation using ultra small paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) T2W MRI. Our results showed an immediate post injection difference in inflammatory response and histological confirmation of greater muscle injury in the smaller micronized (1um) particle group compared to larger 20um particle formulation. The imaging of the drug depot in vivo with MRI combined with drug PK, tissue biodistribution, and histology allows for the development of individual Physiological Based PK models of drug biodistribution which would add significant scientific value to drug development. |
| 3214 | Computer 50
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Spectroscopy and sodium analysis of dissociated cellular therapy in acute ischemia at 21.1 T |
1National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2Chemical & Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL, United States |
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This study evaluates biochemical markers in a rat model of acute ischemia at 21.1 T following administration of human mesenchymal stem cells dissociated (d-hMSC) from 3D aggregates utilizing sodium (23Na) chemical shift imaging (CSI) and relaxation-enhanced MRS. High field 1H MRS provides sensitive longitudinal metabolic mapping of biological markers including lactate, NAA, creatine and choline in response to cellular treatment. Evaluation of 23Na CSI provides insight into cerebral ionic homeostasis and tissue recovery following acute neurodegeneration by tracking ischemic lesion volumetrics. |
| 3215 | Computer 51
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In Vivo MRI characterization of the effect of neuroprotection after nerve agent poisoning in rats |
1Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Service University, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Service University, Bethesda, MD, United States, 4Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Service University, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Organophosphate poisoning is a major public health problem in developing countries. Organophosphates cause prolonged seizures and leads to neurodegeneration and functional defects. Current therapies are largely ineffective. Several advanced neuroimaging techniques demonstrate promise to detect subtle changes in brain activity and morphology related to organophosphate nerve agent poisoning, which would allow for the in vivo assessment of new therapeutics. In this study we use in vivo MRI and immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that fluorinated volatile anesthetics are an effective post-exposure neuroprotectant and can be used for organophosphates poisoning treatment. |
| 3216 | Computer 52
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Ultra-High-Resolution Diffusion Tensor MRI Detects Early Axonal Connectivity Anomalies in Hippocampal Regions of ALS Mice |
1Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, 4Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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Ultra-High field (UHF) MRI has been in continuous development as a new tool to investigate ultrastructural microscopic details in neuropathology. In this study we use UHF-MRI (17.6T) to investigate presymptomatic changes in the hippocampus of animal models of ALS (G93A-SOD1 mice). Using an ALS fluorescent transgenic mouse reporter and optical confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that microstructural changes detected by MRI diffusion can be related to very early alterations in axonal connectivity. This study constitutes a stepping stone for the application of more complex diffusion models in inhomogeneous brain tissue as a non-invasive exploration of neuropathology in ALS. |
| 3217 | Computer 53
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The generalized effect of diffusion on quantitative T2 mapping in preclinical scanners |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 3Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 4Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), New-York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Diffusion has a clear effect on qT2 measurements especially at high resolutions, caused by the imaging gradients. SSE and MSME protocols were used to scan a phantom and an in-vivo brain. An equation representing the effective b value of the applied pulse sequence (MSME) was developed to estimate the attenuation of the signal caused by diffusion. T2 values calculated without correcting the diffusion effect showed high variability between scans with different parameter sets. After correction T2 values increased and showed excellent agreement. The method demonstrated here is generalized and can apply to different pulse sequences, it improves accuracy and stability. |
| 3218 | Computer 54
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3D printed-phantoms dedicated to pre-clinical imaging systems for quality control |
1CNRS - Univ. Bordeaux, CRMSB UMR 5536, BORDEAUX Cedex, France |
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3D printing is a fantastic tool for creating prototypes. In parallel, pre-clinical imaging systems have been democratized for longitudinal studies of small animal models. However, for these systems, standardized phantoms for quality control do not exist yet. The aim of the work presented here is to show that phantoms of different shapes and sizes can be 3D printed to characterize preclinical imaging systems or sequences developed by research groups. As an example, images were acquired with a 70μm in plane resolution to study the influence of Cartesian and Radial encodings on the spatial resolution using a mouse dedicated phased array coil at 7T. |
| 3219 | Computer 55
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The mechanical signature of the dying brain |
1AG Elastography, Experimental Radiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Institue for Medical Informatics, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Department of Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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In this study the mechanical properties of the mouse brain were continuously sampled by fast magnetic resonance elastography during ketamine/xylazine induced dying. Mechanical properties were correlated with metabolic and physiological imaging markers. Immediately after respiration arrest, stiffness of the whole brain and the hippocampus increased significantly while cardiac functioning was intact and reached a plateau ca. 5 min after ECG stop. Stiffness increase was inversely correlated with diffusion decrease. Results suggest that during the process of dying cytotoxic edema and brain swelling occurs leading to significant tissue stiffening. |
| 3220 | Computer 56
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Structural changes in a rat model of traumatic brain injury and challenges of preclinical registration in the presence of lesions |
1Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Biological Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The aim of this work was to develop an automated pipeline to study structural changes in a rat model of TBI using T1/T2-weighted images. Our results show that the CCI model causes focal alterations in grey matter in the proximity of the injury, with a visible edema 14 days after injury in T2-weighted images, plus damage in the white matter (corpus callosum). These hyper-intense lesions complicate registration and require optimisation of the affine step, together with skull stripping of the brain of injured rats. |
| 3221 | Computer 57
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Automatic brain segmentation framework for bias field rich cranial MRI scans of rats and mice via similarity invariant shape priors |
1Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 2Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Champalimaud Research, Lisbon, Portugal, 3Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 5Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States |
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This abstract presents an extension to our previous work for the extraction of rat brain tissue and internal cerebrospinal fluid networks in MR imaging of rat crania that display severe bias fields. This work contributes automation and robustness in the skull stripping module by introducing an automatic similarity invariant shape prior segmentation method. We demonstrate the capabilities of our framework on both rat brain as well as mouse brain data, using the same minimal number of rat brain priors. |
| 3222 | Computer 58
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Preclinical detection of leptomeningeal inflammation in the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (MS) |
1Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States |
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Clusters of inflammatory cells in the leptomeningeal compartment are suspected to contribute directly to subpial cortical demyelination and neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Clinical post-contrast 3D T2-FLAIR detects these clusters through the leakage of a T1 contrast agent into inflammatory foci and the subarachnoid space, referred to as leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LMCE). While leptomeningeal inflammation has been reported in rodent models of MS, LMCE has not been used to study disease pathology in the preclinical setting. In this work, we present an imaging protocol for LMCE imaging in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (EAE-MOG) murine model of MS at 9.4 Tesla. |
| 3223 | Computer 59
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Diffuse white matter disease revealed in novel rat model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy type 1 by multi-modality MRI at 9.4T. |
1Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, United States |
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A novel cerebral amyloid angiopathy type 1 rat model which robustly develops microvascular amyloid beta deposits is studied. We report that this animal model develops white matter atrophy, cerebral micro-bleed, and loss of white matter integrity. These findings are corroborated by immunohistochemistry showing axonal disruption and vacuolization. |
| 3224 | Computer 60
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Neuroimaging Microglia: Development of a Quantitative Multi-Compartment Diffusion MRI Biomarkers of Microglial Density |
1Departments of Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States |
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Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in neurologic and psychiatric disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) from ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury to Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, and major depression. The application of multi-compartment diffusion MRI techniques for the robust, non-invasive, and quantitative evaluation of microglial morphology and density in the setting of acute and chronic neuroinflammation would represent an important advancement in understanding, identification, and therapeutic monitoring of microglia across a broad spectrum of acute and chronic disorders of the CNS. We present the first evidence and application of multi-compartment diffusion MR techniques for the sensitive detection of changes in microglial density throughout the brain. |
| 3225 | Computer 61
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Optimized quantification of T2 relaxation times using gel phantoms in animal models for high-consequence pathogens in a Biosafety Level 4 environment |
1National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - Integrated Research Facility, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, MD, United States, 2Philips Healthcare, Highland Height, OH, United States, 3Clinical Monitory Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States, 4Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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This experiment improved the accuracy of in vivo T2 measures used to evaluate blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption and subtle cerebral edema in non-human primate models of high-consequence viral infections in a Bio-Safety Level 4 (BSL-4) environment. In a healthy non-human primate, we used four gel phantoms to optimize T2 relaxation times and investigated dependence of T2 on echo times. This methodology improved the accuracy of T2 estimation using fast spin echo sequences and phantoms. We hypothesized that reliable T2 values can be obtained by adding a phantom-calibration step to the T2 map calculation. |
| 3226 | Computer 62
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Neuroimaging of Nipah Virus infection in an African Green Monkey Model |
1IRF, NIAID/NIH, Frederick, MD, United States, 2Clinical Research Directorate/Clinical Monitoring Research Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, NCI Campus, Frederick, MD, United States, 3Virus Ecology Unit, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky, Mountain Laboratories, NIAID/NIH, Hamilton, MT, United States, 4Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to utilize MRI to assess alterations in the brain that occur in African Green Monkeys infected with Nipah virus (NiV) via aerosol inoculation. Within 15 days of exposure to NiV, signal alterations were observed in the brain in T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and diffusion-weighted images, suggestive of infarction, inflammation and edema induced by NiV. The identification of non-invasive imaging biomarkers of acute NiV neurologic disease progression in this animal model could aid in the examination of potential vaccines and therapeutics. |
| 3227 | Computer 63
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Comparison of Undersampling Capability of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting Using Rosette and Variable Density Spiral Trajectories |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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The undersampling capability of magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) using Rosette (ROS) and variable density spiral (VDS) trajectories was compared in this study. With a high undersampling factor, ROS-based MRF showed more uniform T1 and T2 mapping in phantoms with reduced errors. However, ROS reconstructed images of mouse brain showed slightly reduced SNR and off-resonance related artifacts, leading to similar undersampling capability as VDS-based MRF in vivo. |
| 3228 | Computer 64
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Evaluation of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Macaque Brains Using Diffusion-Prepared TSE |
1Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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A major challenge with EPI-based diffusion-weighted imaging (dMRI) is magnetic field inhomogeneity-associated distortion and signal loss. We implemented a mono-polar diffusion-preparation module for TSE sequence (DP-TSE) as an alternative to achieve distortion-free, high-resolution diffusion imaging with improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Such an approach has been demonstrated in human subjects with a promising potential. We want to further evaluate the robustness of the implemented DP-TSE sequence and the feasibility of applying this approach for anesthetized macaques, and investigate whether DP-TSE is superior to alternative dMRI method in terms of imaging quality and SNR efficiency. |
| 3229 | Computer 65
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Neurochemical and structural early changes and onset time in 5xFAD model: MRS and VBM studies |
1Korea Drug Development Platform using Radio-isotope, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Division of Applied RI, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We investigated early neurochemical and structural changes in 5xFAD model using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and Voxel-based morphometry (VBM). At 6 months, it was confirmed that Glu, NAA, Tau and volume, which is characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model, decreased in hippocampus of 5xFAD model. |
| 3230 | Computer 66
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Voxelwise and morphometric analysis using diffusion tensor MRI microscopy reveals distinct microstructural and morphometric abnormalities in ferret brain development after gestational infection with the Zika virus |
1NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3APG, USUHS, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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An efficient pipeline for the processing and analysis of diffusion MRI microscopy data has been applied to study neurodevelopmental abnormaities in a ferret model of Zika infection. Individual and group differences in DTI values were found using Z-score and Cohen’s D maps to compare Zika treated and untreated P0 ferret brain specimens. Morphometric abnormalities were also identified using DTI-driven tensor based morphometry (DTBM) to show reduced local volume in the developing cortex. These results highlight the utility of this pipeline and advance the basic understanding of neurodevelopmental abnormalities that can result from exposure to the Zika virus during gestation. |
| 3231 | Computer 67
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Improvements in specificity by non-Gaussian diffusion modeling and double diffusion encoding (DDE) to characterize axonal injury |
1NIBIB, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Inc, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Diffusion MRI techniques that extend beyond diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) – including acquisition strategies and advanced modeling – could provide more specific tools to probe abnormalities in disease or injury states. To evaluate similarities and distinctions across several prominent diffusion MRI strategies in the context of injury, we acquired multi-shell diffusion weighted images (DWIs) and double diffusion encoded (DDE) DWIs in healthy and injured ferret spinal cords. Scalar metrics from DTI, diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), mean apparent propagator MRI (MAP-MRI) and DDE-based axonal modeling were directly compared to reveal the ways in which each approach can specify key features of cellular alterations. |
| 3232 | Computer 68
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Evaluation of Neuroprotective Effects of Cyclosporine in a Porcine Model of Focal Traumatic Brain Injury using Diffusion Tensor Imaging |
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Neurovive Pharmacuetical AB, Lund, Sweden, 3Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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A moderate focal contusion injury model in swine was used to evaluate treatment response to cyclosporine, a neuroprotective agent, using diffusion tensor imaging. This work builds upon the recent work in which we demonstrated improved neurological outcomes after administration of cyclosporine in the acute time period following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Regions of interests were drawn on the peri-contusion regions. We observed significant elevations in FA and CL and significant decline in CS from cyclosporine groups compared to those of placebo. These findings suggest that DTI may be useful in assessing treatment response to cyclosporine in a porcine model of TBI. |
| 3233 | Computer 69
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Vulnerable Networks in the Aging Mouse Brain |
1Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Radiology, Duke Univ Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 3School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, University of Indiana, Bloomington, IN, United States, 4Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 5Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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Despite recent advances in aging research, the underlying mechanisms of selective brain vulnerability to aging remain to be elucidated. Mouse models may provide useful tools to dissect the mechanisms behind age and sex associated vulnerability of brain circuits. We used high resolution accelerated protocols and tensor network analyses to reveal structural network differences in aging C57BL/6 mice. |
| 3234 | Computer 70
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MRI Correlates of Neurological Outcomes in a Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model |
1Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University & Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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This work evaluated the prognostic potential for quantitative MRI measures of the spinal cord compared to neurological assessments in a rat model of spinal cord injury. The results demonstrate in the acute setting, that a double diffusion encoded spectroscopy acquisition has greater accuracy than either DWI-EPI or T2 mapping while in the chronic setting, measures of spinal cord atrophy perform better than DWI measures. These results set the basis for future patient studies to improve MRI biomarkers in spinal cord injury. |
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Computer 71
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Ultra-high-resolution postmortem MRI of cortical lesions in a nonhuman primate model of multiple sclerosis |
1Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Cerebral Microcirculation Section, Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Viral Immunology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) shares important pathological and radiological similarities with MS. However, cortical pathology in this model has not been investigated by MRI. The purpose of this study is to examine, for the first time, whether cortical lesions can be visualized by MRI in this model. Similar to MS patients, we report the MRI detection of MS-like cortical lesions in postmortem EAE marmoset. These findings further reinforce the proximity between this animal model and the human disease. |
| 3236 | Computer 72
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Automatic Measurement of Infarct Volume and Prediction by Pial Collaterals in Experimental Acute Ischemic Stroke |
1Northwestern University, Evanton, IL, United States, 2University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 4University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Tissue infarct due to major vessel occlusion depends on the compromised blood flow and the time since onset. Compromised blood flow may be sustained by recruitment of pial collateral vessels. In this study, the extent of pial collateral recruitment was used to predict infarct volume in an experimental middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model with and without norepinephrine and hydralazine. An automatic method of infarct volume measurement was developed to minimize user variability and time. The automatically calculated infarct volumes were highly correlated to manually measured volumes, and pial collaterals were predictive of infarct volume. |
| 3237 | Computer 73
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Development of a Swine Model to Evaluate Radiation-Induced Brain Injury: A Preliminary Report |
1School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 3Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States |
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Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) is an irreversible and progressive long-term effect of radiation therapy. Current pre-clinical experiments use mouse models, which do not accurately replicate the pathology as seen in humans. We chose to simulate RIBI within a swine model because its brain structures are more comparable to human brain structures. Our preliminary findings show similar resemblances to the pathologies seen in human patients affected by RIBI. |
| 3238 | Computer 74
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Postnatal Ocular Development in Normal and Visually Impaired Rats using in vivo Multi-Modal MRI |
1Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Ocular development is a complex process yet limited tools are currently available for non-invasive and longitudinal studies of the whole eye while minimizing biovariability. Using 7-Tesla MRI, we showed the growth characteristics of the anterior chamber and posterior chamber, the lens and the vitreous humor of rats from postnatal day 1 to 60 and compared the development of these three compartments between normal and impaired states. We conclude that MRI is an effective tool in characterizing normal and abnormal postnatal ocular growth over time before and after eyelid opening. |
| 3239 | Computer 75
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In vivo MRI characterization of a mouse model of vanishing white matter disease |
1Discovery, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbvie, North Chicago, IL, United States, 2Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Vanishing White Matter Disease (VWMD) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by white matter degeneration. Here we employed MRI to longitudinally characterize pathological changes in white matter with contrasts sensitive to pathology (T2W) and myelin integrity (MTR, DTI). Statistically significant difference were detected in T2W and MTR comparing wild-type and homozygous mice starting at 14 and 22 weeks of age, respectively. These differences between the wild-type and homozygous mice were observed before symptomatic behavioral changes, and became more prominent over the time. Correlations with immunohistochemistry markers provided underlying pathology corresponding to the observed imaging changes. |
| 3240 | Computer 76
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Clinical reliability of 3D whole-brain vessel wall imaging in patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease: a comparison with conventional targeted imaging |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Radiology, Guizhou Provicial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China, 3Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Guizhou University School Of Medicine, Guiyang, China, 6Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Conventional intracranial MR vessel wall imaging (VWI) techniques based on 3D turbo spin-echo (TSE), with a thin, oblique slab to specifically target a limited imaging volume, have been shown to be reliable in quantifying vessel morphology of intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD). Recently, 3D whole-brain VWI was proposed and optimized offering large spatial coverage, improved cerebrospinal fluid suppression, and enhanced T1 weighting and exhibits excellent reproducibility in quantification of vessel dimensions in healthy volunteers. This study is to further evaluate the clinical reliability of 3D whole-brain VWI in patients with ICAD via a comparison with 3D targeted VWI and 2D TSE. |
| 3241 | Computer 77
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Assessment of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques using 3D non-contrast black blood MRI: comparison with DSA |
1Radiology, Changhai hospital, Shanghai, China, 2Radiology and Biomedical imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) remains the gold standard for assessment of intracranial artery stenosis. However, it is invasive and may miss lesions without luminal stenosis due to vessel wall outward remodeling. We compared 3D black-blood MRI (SPACE) with DSA in 74 intracranial plaques, and found SPACE was in good agreement with DSA for stenosis quantification (ICC=0.82), but the plaque was longer in SPACE than DSA. Moreover, SPACE detected 28 more plaques than DSA, and 14 of 28 plaques showed enhancement. SPACE is promising for evaluating the severity of intracranial atherosclerosis and may improve patient management. |
| 3242 | Computer 78
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Highly Accelerated Whole Brain Isotropic 0.5mm Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging with Nonlocal Denoising and Super Resolution Enhancement |
1Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 4Philips Research Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 5Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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The three-dimensional (3D) turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence with variable flip angle (VFA) has proven to be clinically useful for high resolution intracranial vessel wall imaging (VWI) at 3T. In this study, a T1 weighted 3D TSE sequence was optimized for whole brain isotropic 0.5mm intracranial VWI in 8mins28secs. The optimized VFA design improves the flow suppression in small vessels and the nonlocal denoising effectively reduces the noise amplification after super resolution enhancement while improving the vessel wall boundary definition. This combined imaging and post-processing technique provides a promising tool for intracranial atherosclerosis and stroke investigation. |
| 3243 | Computer 79
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Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging: Artifactual Effects of Localized Movement and In-line Mitigation with Self-gating |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Siemens Healthcare, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China, 5Department of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 7Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 8Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Intracranial vessel wall imaging can directly visualize the vessel wall and characterize wall |
| 3244 | Computer 80
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4D high-resolution Angiography maps combining time-of-flight angiography and ASL projection data |
1Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 2Tomographic Imaging Department, Philips Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany |
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This study presents a novel method of combining Arterial Spin Labeling and TOF angiography based on image post-processing after radial projection image readout. Tehreby high-resolution time-resolved angiograms can be obtained. |
| 3245 | Computer 81
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Diffusion Metrics of White Matter in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Unravelling the Variance in Microstructural Integrity |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 2Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 4JARA - BRAIN -Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany. Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) has a long period of silent progression until it clinically manifests as a stroke or cognitive decline. Early detection of microstructural alterations in the white matter will help to develop targeted therapy and avoid clinical consequences. The need for advanced imaging to reflect the plethora of the changes is increasing. Here, we used the methods for the analysis of the diffusion MRI signal to investigate microstructural alterations in SVD. Our study identified the most frequently changed parameters and the affected regions. We also show increased changes in the diffusion MRI metrics, corresponding with disease severity. |
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Computer 82
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Hemodynamic impairments in asymptomatic unilateral carotid artery stenosis are increased within individual watershed areas |
1Department of Neuroradiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2MRRC, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 3Clinic for Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 4PET center, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany, 5Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, 6Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany, 7Clinic for Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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Internal carotid-artery stenosis (ICAS) causes complex and not yet well understood physiological impairments, which currently limits treatment decisions. We present multimodal perfusion and oxygenation-related MRI-data from unilateral asymptomatic ICAS-patients and age-matched healthy controls. The major aim was to investigate hemodynamic impairments in ICAS within individually defined watershed areas (iWSA’s) to account for individual vascular configurations. We found statistically significant lateralization of hemodynamic parameters within iWSA’s - strongest in WM of iWSA’s. Therefore, our iWSA-based approach facilitates detection of even subtle hemodynamic changes in ICAS. Furthermore, we detected spatially widespread capillary flow heterogeneity increases which are promising future treatment indicators. |
| 3247 | Computer 83
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MRI pulse wave profiles of cerebral arteries |
1Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States |
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The pulse pressure wave is an indicator for vascular health. Given the importance of vascular health to the central nervous system, we developed a method to extract intracranial pulse waveforms along the main cerebral arteries from dynamic MRI data. The resulting “pulse wave profiles” track the pulse shape along the main arteries of the brain. The simultaneous acquisition of pulse waveforms within the whole brain at once allows for a system analysis of the vasculature. A Matlab toolbox to compute pulse wave profiles is provided. |
| 3248 | Computer 84
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Non-contrast 3D Black Blood MRI for Intracranial Aneurysm Surveillance: A Quantitative Study |
1University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms routinely undergo surveillance imaging to monitor their growth. |
| 3249 | Computer 85
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Robust MRI assessment of cerebral microvasculature using stimulated-echo diffusion-imaging method |
1Bio-medical engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of |
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Stimulated-echo diffusion-imaging method was employed to reduce the effect of macroscopic field inhomogeneity and large vessel overestimation on the quantification of blood volume fraction and mean vessel radius. Stimulated-echo diffusion-imaging method were compared with conventional spin-echo and gradient-echo methods by Monte Carlo (MC) proton diffusion simulations and in vivo rat experiments on a 7 T system. The results of this study showed that stimulated-echo based MR relaxation-rates, ∆RSTE,long TD (ΔR2* like) and ∆RSTE,short TD (ΔR2 like), provide the robust means of assessing cerebral microvasculature where the macroscopic field inhomogeneity is severe and signal contamination from adjacent large vessel is significant without necessity of co-registering gradient- and spin-echo images. |
| 3250 | Computer 86
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Pulsed ASL prepared 4-Dimensional Dynamic Intracranial MR Angiography at 7T with Improved B1 and B0 robustness |
1Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Keck school of medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This work enhances the quality of non-contrast enhanced time-resolved 4-dimensional MR angiography (4D-MRA) at 7T, by combining segmented multi-phase acquisition of the FAIR scheme with labeling pulses of improved robustness to B1/B0 inhomogeneity and chemical shift. The gradient-modulated offset independent inversion pulses were optimized for 7T application maximizing MR system performance, while providing uniform inversion, sharp transition and tolerance to chemical shift. 4D-MRA images with higher spatial-temporal resolution were reliably acquired within SAR limit of normal operation mode within 5 minutes, presenting a valuable tool for assessing intracranial vasculature and hemodynamics. |
| 3251 | Computer 87
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Comparison of cerebrovascular reactivity among patients with sporadic cerebral small vessel disease |
1Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of Neurology, Stroke Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
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Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) affects small vessels in the brain and causes cerebrovascular-event-related disability. We separated patients into two groups (acute ischemic stroke and spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage) and then compared their cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) with normal control. We found there was significant BOLD amplitude decline between normal and ischemic group, but no difference in the temporal estimates between groups. |
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Interactive Correlation between Iron Deposition and Cerebral Blood Flow in the Deep Cerebral Gray Matter Structures of Hemodialysis Patients |
1Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Deparment of Hemodialysis, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Beijing, China, 4Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States |
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The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between iron deposition (ID) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the deep gray matter structures of hemodialysis patients using susceptibility-weighted image mapping and arterial spin labeling. Both ID and CBF of the patients were increased compared with the healthy controls. ID in patients was positively correlated with CBF in the right putamen, while negatively correlated with CBF in the right thalamus. Abnormal calcium-phosphorus metabolism and triglyceride were shared independent factors for increased ID and CBF. Increased ID, rather than CBF, was a risk factor for neurocognitive impairment. |
| 3253 | Computer 89
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Accurate staging of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis using T1 SPACE：clinical experience |
1Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, the First Affiliate Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China |
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This study aims to explore magnetic resonance High-resolution Variable Flip Angle Turbo-Spin-Echo(T1 SPACE) technique for accurate staging of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombus(CVT). CVT patients confirmed by Computed Tomographic (CT) were randomly divided into three groups according to the time from the onset of symptoms to T1 SPACE. Signal to Noise Ratio(SNR) and Contrast to Noise Ratio(CNR) between thrombus and gray tissues/white tissues were calculated on every thrombus segments and difference between different groups were analyzed. Results indicate that T1 SPACE has the potential to be a promising tool for accurate diagnosis and staging of CVT. |
| 3254 | Computer 90
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Inner volume 3D TSE for isotropic 0.30 mm black-blood images of intracranial perforating arteries at 7T |
1State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Beijing MR Center for Brain Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd, Shenzhen, China, 4The Innovation Center of Excellence on Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China |
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The impairment of microvessels can lead to neurologic diseases such as stroke and vascular dementia. The imaging of lumen and vessel wall of perforating arteries requires an extremely high resolution due to their small caliber size (50 – 400 um). In this study, we developed a 3D inner-volume (IV) TSE (SPACE) sequence with 2D spatially selective excitation (SSE) RF pulses. High resolution of isotropic 0.30mm was achieved for the black-blood images of lenticulostriate artery (LSA) within 10 minutes. The IV-SPACE images showed clearer delineation of vessel wall and lumen of LSA than conventional SPACE images. IV-SPACE might be a promising method for detecting microvasculopathies of cerebral vascular diseases. |
| 3255 | Computer 91
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Consistency of FLAIR vascular hyperintensity (FVH) and arterial transit artifact (ATA) in 3D ASL imaging in patients with unilateral MCA stenosis |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL), a noncontrast method of measuring CBF has become feasible in the clinical setting. Serpiginous high intensity structures (ASL) are seen in the ischemic tissue on ASL, prior studies suggested that ATA may represent collateral flow. On the other hand, FVHs are related to hemodynamic impairment and represent slow retrograde flow in leptomeningeal collaterals. Our aim was to compare the consistency of the occurrence of ATA relative to that of FVH in patients with proximal MCA occlusion. |
| 3256 | Computer 92
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A Single Reference Variable Flip Angle(SR-VFL) Method using a 3D Pseudo Golden Angle Stack of Stars(PGA- SOS) Sequence for Accurate Dynamic T1 Quantification of Contrast Uptake within Vulnerable Plaque |
1UCAIR, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 3Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 4Department of Veterans Affairs, VASLCHCS, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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The carotid artery atherosclerotic disease is one of the most common causes of ischemic stroke. Post-contrast plaque enhancement (PPE), which may result from endothelial dysfunction or be secondary to intraplaque inflammation, is a vulnerable plaque feature that correlates with increased stroke risk independent of stenosis. Although PPE can be detected with vessel wall MRI, better quantitative methods to measure PPE are needed. This work presents a new 3D high resolution dynamic T1 mapping technique for accurate T1 quantification of contrast uptake within vulnerable carotid atherosclerotic plaque. The proposed method may provide important mechanistic implications for the pathophysiology of PPE. |
| 3257 | Computer 93
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in vivo quantitative assessment of the meningeal lymphatics using 3D black blood T1 imaging: a preliminary study |
1Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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We evaluated the meningeal lymphatics using 3D black blood T1 imaging and its association with clinical parameters as well as enlarged perivascular spaces. This retrospective study included 24 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced 3D black blood T1 imaging on 3T brain MRI and assessed their meningeal lymphatics located parallel to the superior sagittal sinuses. The group with higher meningeal lymphatics volume more frequently have diabetes than the lower group, which is one of the major vascular as well as cognitive risk factors. Furthermore, the higher group had a significantly higher score of enlarged perivascular space in centrum semovale, which is not surprising when considering its close anatomical and functional relationships within the glymphatic system. Therefore, we suggest that the expanded meningeal lymphatics may be an imaging marker of poor function of glymphatics but further studies with disease conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease should be followed to clarify the exact meaning of the volume of the meningeal lymphatics. |
| 3258 | Computer 94
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Reducing scan time of selective 3D TOF using the dedicated algorithm based on compressed sensing |
1Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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Non-contrast enhanced ICA selective 3D TOF using cylinder excitation pre-sat pulse has a possibility which visualizes blood flow from left or right ICA like DSA. It requires one set of 3D TOF scan; non-labeled 3D TOF and ICA labeled 3D TOF, then scan time becomes two times longer than conventional 3D TOF scan. In this study, compressed sensing scheme was applied to reducing the scan time of selective 3D TOF. Proposed method uses similarity between 3D TOF images with and without pre-sat pulse. This realizes only 1 minutes’ additional ICA selective 3D TOF scan to conventional 3D TOF scan. |
| 3259 | Computer 95
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Is It Necessary for Patients with Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion to Undergo 3D Head-neck Combined Vessel Wall Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging? |
1Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, 3Biomedical Engineering & Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 4Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Definite diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusion no longer satisfies neurosurgeons’ treatment needs for vascular recanalization. This study sought to investigate what information provided by 3D head-neck combined vessel wall cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging could be useful for neurosurgeon to make the therapy plan. Our study turned out that 3D MR vessel wall imaging is capable of diagnosing internal carotid artery occlusion, and patients with short extent of occlusion are benefit from the vascular recanalization therapy. Our results suggest it is useful for those patients to undergo 3D MR vessel wall imaging for making their therapy plan. |
| 3260 | Computer 96
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Vessel-specific Quantification of Neonatal Cerebral Venous Oxygenation |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Siemens Healthineers, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) is an important biomarker for normal and pathological neonatal brain development. However, regional measurement of neonatal CMRO2 has been limited due to an inability to evaluate regional venous blood oxygenation (Yv). This study presented a rapid MRI technique, accelerated T2-relaxation-under-phase-contrast (aTRUPC), to measure vessel-specific Yv in neonates. We have improved the reliability and accuracy of aTRUPC by optimizing imaging parameters and calibrating T2-bias. A pilot study on healthy, non-sedated neonates demonstrated the feasibility of aTRUPC to measure vessel-specific Yv. Accuracy of aTRUPC-based Yv measurements was further validated with established whole-brain Yv measurement using T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging. |
| 3261 | Computer 97
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Evaluation of collateral circulation in intracranial atherosclerosis using random vessel-encoded arterial spin labeling |
1USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 3Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou, China |
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Collateral circulation plays an important role in predicting the clinical outcomes and risk of recurrent stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA). In this study, we evaluated the clinical utility of random vessel-encoded ASL ( |
| 3262 | Computer 98
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Evaluate the Characteristics of Spontaneous Intracranial Artery Dissection using High Resolution MRI Vessel Wall Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Changhai hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 2Changhai hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China |
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Compared to luminal angiographic techniques, high resolution magnetic resonance imaging is more helpful to the diagnosis and differential diagnosis the dissection from other vascular pathologies such as atherosclerosis or aneurysm. In this study, we present results obtained with vessel wall imaging to evaluate the characteristics of spontaneous intracranial artery dissection. We divided patients into two groups according to CE-MRA, and compared the characteristics of high resolution magnetic resonance imaging between two groups. The results of our study may be helpful to understand the lumen and wall change of different type of spontaneous intracranial artery dissection shown on luminal angiographic techniques. |
| 3263 | Computer 99
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To investigate blood flow in head and neck arteries by phase contrast MRI |
1MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, EA Chimere 7516, AMIENS, France, 2MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY, FACING FACES INSTITUTE, AMIENS, France, 3BIO FLOW IMAGE, EA Chimere 7516, AMIENS, France |
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The 2D-cine PC MRI allows to know precisely the arterial flow in small vessels but it is unsuited for clinical use. The principal aim of this study was to determine the precision loss when rapid monophasic PC sequences (whiches are not synchronised with cardiac cycle) are used compared to the traditional 2D-cine sequences in ten healthy volunteers. Pearson’s coefficient between the two technics was determined and Bland Altman tests were used. The precision loss was between 0,55 % et 27 %, depending on the studied vessel, so the monophasic PC sequences can be used for clinical vascular evaluation in pretherapeutic conditions. |
| 3264 | Computer 100
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Method for vessel selection effects the outcome and reproducibility of velocity and pulsatility measures in cerebral penetrating arteries |
1Radiology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Neurology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Measuring the function of the cerebral small vessels can greatly benefit our understanding of cerebral small vessel disease. Recent research enabled the assessment of blood flow velocity and pulsatility in the perforating arteries of the cerebral white matter in healthy subjects. However, in patients this method requires manual elimination of artifacts. This paper explores various methods for excluding false positives. The reproducibility of the velocity, pulsatility and number of selected vessels was investigated in a test-retest study. Results show that the reproducibility of these outcome measures highly depends on the chosen method for vessel selection. |
| 3265 | Computer 101
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White matter MS lesions effect on resting state fMRI analysis: should we lesion fill functional data? |
1NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 3Diagnostic Radiography Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 4MRI Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 5Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 6Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 7Department of Brain and behavioral sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 8Brain 3T MRI Centre, Neuroradiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions are well known to alter tissue segmentation, shifting tissue boundaries between grey and white matter regions (GM and WM). Despite evidence of these errors occurring when working with anatomical images, little is known about the possible effects of MS lesions on the functional MRI results. Here, we addressed this question by simulating the presence of MS lesions on resting state functional MRI data from healthy controls. Subsequently, we tested whether lesion filling functional MRI data is useful to prevent artefactual results of functional connectivity alterations that are actually due to MS lesions. |
| 3266 | Computer 102
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Frequency specific functional connectivity density in Parkinson’s disease: A resting-state fMRI study |
1Department of Radiology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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The functional connectivity of the brain in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been largely investigated focusing on a low frequency oscillation from 0.01 to 0.1 Hz. Nevertheless, the frequency specificities relating to the functional connectivity have not yet been fully understood. In this study, we utilized analysis of the functional connectivity density (FCD) to determine changes in patients with PD and in healthy controls in wo different frequency bands were analyzed. Our results demonstrated differential FCD maps from both spatial and frequency domain, thus providing a novel insight for investigation of the neuroimaging biomarkers in PD. |
| 3267 | Computer 103
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The Cerebral Blood Flow Changes of Executive Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease Measured by Arterial Spin Labeling MRI at Cerebral Cortex Parcellations Obtained from Resting State fMRI |
1Biomedical Engineering Institute, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Institute of Psychology and Cognition Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey, 5Department of Physiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey |
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The aim of this study is to find cerebral blood flow (CBF) based biomarkers of executive dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease (PD) at cerebral cortex parcellations obtained from resting state fMRI. CBF maps of PD with mild cognitive impairment, cognitively normal PD and healthy controls were compared at brain regions based on parcellations obtained from resting state fMRI. Additionally, CBF values of the PD subjects were classified according to Stroop scores and COMT genotype. Hypoperfusion in several brain networks related with executive functioning was observed in PD patients with executive dysfunction, and also in patients with COMT Met/Met genotype. |
| 3268 | Computer 104
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Evaluation of brain functional connectome in tuberous sclerosis complex with neuropsychological disorders using resting-state fMRI |
1Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 2Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, 4Institute of Medicine and Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, 5School of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan |
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We aimed to use resting-state fMRI to provide the first findings on disrupted functional brain networks in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) patients with graph theoretical analysis (GTA) and network-based statistic (NBS) analysis. We found several topological parameters including clustering coefficient, local efficiency, transitivity, and modularity in the healthy control were better than those in the TSC patients. One subnetwork showed more edges in the healthy control compared with the TSC, including the connections from the frontal lobe to the parietal lobe. Our findings may help better understand the variable clinical phenotypes of TSC and the underlying physiological mechanisms. |
| 3269 | Computer 105
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A Framework for Integrating Diffusion and rs-fMRI with Measurements of Cognitive Function in the Rhesus Macaque Frontal Lobe and Striatum |
1Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, United States, 2Advanced Image Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States, 3Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States |
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Brain atlases commonly used for characterizing neurodegenerative processes are frequently referenced to a specific imaging modality. Here we describe a combined gray matter and white matter atlas to be used in the study of a rhesus macaque model of Huntington’s disease. We illustrate how this atlas will be used to integrate diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional MRI connectivity with measures of cognitive behavior. Prefrontal WM tracts, cortical and basal ganglia regions are labeled in the same space for characterization of WM microstructure changes and cognitive and motor loop connectivity. The results of preliminary study show that these MRI measurements can identify correlations with cognitive behavior measurements. |
| 3270 | Computer 106
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Change in fMRI activation between deep brain stimulation on and off states in patients with Parkinson’s disease during a stop-signal task |
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Psychology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 5Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Motor regulation pertaining to stopping when necessary is impaired in Parkinson disease (PD) and is modulated by deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy. We performed fMRI study at 3T using a stop-signal task with PD patients having implanted DBS, and investigated differences in activation in networks responsible for stopping between on and off states of DBS. Overall, larger and stronger activation was observed in this preliminary study when the DBS was turned on for go (when the subject is supposed to press button) minus baseline and successful stop (when the subject successfully stopped) minus go contrasts. |
| 3271 | Computer 107
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Neuroplasticity in patients with post surgical olfactory dysfunction after olfactory training, assessed with fMRI. |
1Otorhinolaryngology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Radiology Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 5Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience., University College London, London, UK., London, United Kingdom, 6Neurosurgery Department, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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We evaluated the effect of olfactory training in olfactory pathway brain areas in subjects with olfactory dysfunction after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary tumors. For this purpose, we compare 2 groups of subjects, one with olfactory training, and a second without training. All of them underwent with |
| 3272 | Computer 108
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Regularization Small-Worldization in Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A Resting-State fMRI Study |
1Department of radiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Huaxi Magnetic Resonance Research Center(HMRRC), Chengdu, China |
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This study aims to use the graph-based theoretical analysis to investigate the topological properties of the functional brain connectome in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).151 healthy controls and 101 patients underwent a rs-fMRI scan. Compared with controls, brain networks of ALS patients were characterized by decreased global efficiency and the characteristic path length increased. Based on these perspectives, the ALS group exhibited “regularization small-worldization”. A network with 10 nodes and 16 edges was identified that was significantly altered in default mode network (DMN) regions. This study may provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders from a connectomic perspective. |
| 3273 | Computer 109
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Altered Connectivity Using Resting State fMRI in SCA1 and SCA2 Patients |
1Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, India, 3Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, New Delhi, India |
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Neurodegeneration in cortical and subcortical brain areas are found in SCA type 1 and 2 patients. The structural brain volumetric analysis has been done to know the differential loss of volume of brain areas in SCA type 1 and 2. Especially, to find the functional connectivity of the whole brain in the same SCA patients, we have assessed default mode network using resting state fMRI. |
| 3274 | Computer 110
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Altered resting-state functional connectivity of primary visual cortex in young patients with comitant exotropia |
1Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan Uiversity, Wuhan, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, 4Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan Uiversity, Wuhan, China |
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The comitant exotropia (CE) is a common eye disease characterized by outward deviation of the eyes and impairment of stereovision. In this study, we aim to investigate the altered functional connectivity (FC) in patients with CE using resting-state fMRI. The CE patients showed significantly less FC between the left V1 and left lingual gyrus/cerebellum posterior lobe, right MOG, left precentral gyrus/postcentral gyrus and right IPL/postcentral gyrus; as well as less FC between right V1 and right MOG (BA19, 37). Our findings show that CE involves defects in the possessing of stereovision, such as fusion, spatial processing, visual recognition, and oculormotor. |
| 3275 | Computer 111
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Longitudinal functional MRI mapping changes in neurovascular responses following middle cerebral artery occlusion |
1Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, 2School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Core Biotechnology Services, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom |
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Due to limitations in anaesthetic protocol, fMRI studies of recovery following ischaemic stroke in rodents show high variability and must use large numbers of animals. This study uses a novel anaesthetic protocol which gives a highly reproducible BOLD signal in healthy animals to study changes in response to forepaw stimulation in 10 rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Even with the improved protocol, high variability between animals following MCAO is a confounding factor, and while a trend towards hyperactivation followed by return to baseline is seen, a larger number of animals is still required for longitudinal studies. |
| 3276 | Computer 112
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Longitudinal functional MRI for animal studies of neurovascular coupling in healthy ageing |
1Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom, 2School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Core Biotechnology Services, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom |
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Due to effects of anaesthetic on the BOLD signal, or use of toxic anaesthetics, longitudinal preclinical fMRI studies are uncommon, and studies of age-related disease progression show high variability and use large numbers of animals. This study uses a novel anaesthetic protocol in 11 rats to study changes in the BOLD signal with age. A strong, reproducible BOLD response to forepaw stimulation is found between 7 and 12 months old, and at 15 months old the number of active voxels is reduced by half. This shows that the protocol is suitable for longitudinal studies of ageing. |
| 3277 | Computer 113
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Resting State Olfactory Network Functional Connectivity in Tremor- and Rigidity-predominant Patients with Parkinson’s disease |
1Radiology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Neurology, Penn State University, Hershey, PA, United States |
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, consisting of a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms. We used resting-state fMRI to investigate differences in functional connectivity (FC) of the olfactory network (ON) in two major PD subtypes: akinetic-rigid (PDAR) and tremor predominant (PDT). Significant differences in ON FC were found between normal controls, PDAR, and PDT groups in six brain regions. Lower FC was observed in the orbitofrontal cortex, insula, and posterior cingulate cortex in the PDAR group compared to the PDT group. Our findings suggest that the ON FC is deferentially affected in the two PD subtypes. |
| 3278 | Computer 114
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Altered topological organization of whole-brain functional network in patients with postherpetic neuralgia after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment |
1Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, 2Xuanwu Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 3Capital Medical University, Beijing, China |
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This work is to investigate the topological organization alteration of whole-brain functional network in patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment and assess whether the functional alteration could be used as a neural biomarker for the post-treatment evaluation. |
| 3279 | Computer 115
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The information flow pattern of the human brain based on high temporal resolution functional MRI |
1Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, 2Capital Medical University, Beijing, China |
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To investigate the information flow pattern of human brain by using high temporal resolution functional MRI based on linear, non-linear Granger causality analysis and transfer entropy |
| 3280 | Computer 116
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Alterations of the brain microstructure and corresponding functional connectivity in early blind adolescents with and without residual light perception |
1Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China, 2Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 4Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China, 5Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China |
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Previous neuroimaging studies of adult blind have revealed structural and functional neuroplasticity. It is still unclear if the brains of young blind will have the same alterations, and the effects of residual light perception (RLP) on the structure and function of the blind brain cannot be ignored. This study explored the structural and functional brain changes in early blind adolescents (EBAs) with and without RLP using voxel-based analysis method of diffusion tensor imaging data and resting-state functional connectivity analysis. The results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the reorganization of brain in EBAs with or without RLP. |
| 3281 | Computer 117
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Functional network-based statistics reveal abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in minimal hepatic encephalopathy |
1Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China, 2Siemens Healthcare, Fuzhou, China |
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Whole-brain functional network analysis is an emerging methodology for the investigation of the pathophysiology of MHE. A nonparametric statistical approach, called “network-based statistics” (NBS), has also been used in the field of connectome analysis. However, few whole-brain NBS studies have been conducted on MHE patients, which limits the further clarification of the network pathophysiology of MHE. We performed NBS analysis to identify FC changes related to MHE at the whole-brain functional connectome level and indentified two subnetworks with significant differences in FC matrices between patients and controls. Correlation analyses revealed that the PHES score was significantly positively correlated with the strength of two FCs within the first subnetwork. In summary, our findings indicate that DMN dysfunction may be one of the core issues in the pathophysiology of MHE. |
| 3282 | Computer 118
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Connectome predictive modeling in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: Resting-state and object location task results |
1Functional MRI Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 3Mental Health Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Connectome predictive analysis was applied to MCI subjects using both resting-state and task data. While a measure of free recall was predicted equally well in rest or task, a measure of total cognition was only predicted succesfully using the task data. This argues for the utility of cognitive "stress tests" to better capture relevant brain biomarkers. |
| 3283 | Computer 119
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Neural mechanism of processing speed decline induced by anatomically connected white matter tract damage and cortical function abnormality |
1Department of radiology, 2nd affiliated hospital of Zhejiang university school of medicine, Hangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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White matter hyper-intensities (WMH) is considered as an important source of morbidity associated with dementia, stroke and increased mortality risk. Previous studies have suggested that WMH always leads to the decline of information processing speed, which have an impact on activities of daily living. Current hypothesis is that the dysfunctions caused by WMH is the result of “disconnection”, while the connection between the structural and functional alteration has not been fully investigated. We aimed to explore the underlying pathway of information processing speed decline via combining the spatial distribution of WMH, microstructural changes based tractography and cortical activity alterations. The results from different modalities converged in the occipital lobe with precise spatial overlappings. Results show regional WMH may indicate disrupted tract integrity and cause altered brain activities, leading to impaired function. This WMH-tract-function-behavior link is critical for WMH induced dysfunctions and treatment strategies. |
| 3284
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Computer 120
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Widespread Structural and Functional Brain Connectivity Changes and Behavioral Relevance in Glaucoma |
1Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 5Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide, yet its effects on the brain structure and function and the related behavioral relevance remain unclear. This study shows that glaucoma patients present reduced structural integrity in white matter around the supramarginal gyrus, as well as reduced functional connectivity between supramarginal gyrus and visual occipital and superior sensorimotor areas when compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, decreased functional connectivity between supramarginal gyrus and |
| 3285
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Computer 121
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The temporo-insular projection system: a multisubject fiber tractography study using connectome diffusion data |
1Department of Imaging and pathology, Translational MRI, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2Department of Neurosciences, Research group experimental neurosurgery and neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium |
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The precise structural connections between the amygdala, anterior temporal pole and insula remain poorly understood. These connections have been described with ex-vivo dissection, however the diffusion-based counterparts to these bundles haven’t been described in detail. In a recent study (currently under review) we investigated these connections with ex-vivo dissection on 11 brain specimens. We also explored the possibility of reconstructing the bundles found on dissection with Diffusion MRI. Here we demonstrate the results obtained for reconstructing these white matter connections using 20 randomly selected healthy participants of the HCP young adults data release. |
| 3286 | Computer 122
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Associations Between Maternal Depression and Infant Fronto-Limbic Connectivity |
1Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Mountain View, CA, United States, 2Imaging Genetics Center, Marina del Rey, CA, United States, 3Stanford Neurodevelopment, Affect, and Psychopathology Laboratory, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Maternal depression is a well-documented risk factor for psychopathology in children; the origins of this association, however, are not well understood. We present preliminary analyses of 24 infants using a multi-shell diffusion MRI sequence optimized for imaging infant white matter, along with a novel tract clustering and identification workflow, TractStat. We examine the association between maternal depressive symptoms and infant white matter organization in the uncinate fasciculus (UF). Infants whose mothers report experiencing more severe depressive symptoms have lower fractional anisotropy of the right UF, highlighting a possible neurobiological marker of the intergenerational transmission of risk for depression. |
| 3287 | Computer 123
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Altered topological organization in white matter connectome in Parkinson’s disease with and without rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder |
1Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China |
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We detected the alteration of white matter connectome in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with and without Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). 155 PD patients including 66 possible RBD (pRBD) and 89 non-possible RBD (npRBD) and 71 normal controls were included. Diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging and graph theory were used to explore the topologic organization of the brain structural connectome. Significant decreased nodal efficiency were found in specific regions including hippocampus and inferior occipital gyrus in PD-pRBD patients. Both these nodal properties were negatively correlated with RBD severity. This study may contribute to understand the pathophysiology of PD-RBD. |
| 3288 | Computer 124
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The Structural Connectivity Network of Basal Ganglia in Mouse Brain: MR Diffusion-Tractography at 9.4 T |
1Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, gachon university, Incheon, Republic of Korea, Korea, Republic of, 2Lee Gil Ya Cancer and & Diabetes Institute, Gachon university, Incheon, Republic of Korea, Korea, Republic of |
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Tractography is becoming increasingly common in clinical settings for understanding pathological development and disease, and for assessing pre- and post-operative diagnosis. However, the study on neuronal connectivity network for basal ganglia, a DBS treatment target for Parkinson’s patients, remains unestablished. Therefore, in the present study we have visualized probabilistic diffusion tractography and investigated detailed 3D reconstruction of the projection of basal ganglia structures in mouse model using high-resolution 9.4T MRI. Multi-fiber tractography methods combined with diffusion MRI data have the poential to help identify brain DBS targets in function neurosurgery intervention. |
| 3289 | Computer 125
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Altered whole-brain functional networks associated with cognitive dysfunction in end-stage renal disease patients with maintenance hemodialysis |
1Imgaing department, NO.215 Hospital of Shaanxi Nuclear Industry, Xianyang, China, 2Medical Imaging department, The First Affilicated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 3Imgaing department, The First Affilicated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China |
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We focused on exploring the whole-brain resting-state functional networks abnormality by using the rs-fMRI with independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm and the relationships with cognitive dysfunction in ESRD patients with hemodialysis. 24 maintenance hemodialysis patients (MHD group) and 26 healthy control subjects (HCs) were evaluated a battery of neuropsychological tests and rs-fMRI scans. Compared with HCs, the MHD group showed worse neuropsychological performances and related decreased functional connectivity in the default mode network, the right frontoparietal network, and the sensorimotor network. Our study might contribute to better understanding underlying neuropathological substrate of cognitive dysfunction in patients with ESRD. |
| 3290 | Computer 126
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Sensitivity of NODDI and two-compartment SMT parameter maps in multiple sclerosis |
1Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Croydon University Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Centre for Medical Image Computing, Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 7NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom, 8Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 9Brain MRI 3T Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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We make a novel comparison of two diffusion MRI techniques modelling white matter microstructure: neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) and spherical mean technique (SMT) in 63 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients and 28 healthy controls using tract based spatial statistics. Both techniques show that there is a reduction in the intracellular volume fraction and an increase in neurite orientation dispersion in lesions and normal appearing white matter in MS patients when compared to controls. Additionally, SMT appears more sensitive to these differences, identifying a larger number of voxels showing significant differences between patients and controls in the studied parameters. |
| 3291 | Computer 127
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Application of multi-shell NODDI to characterize acute and chronic MS lesions. |
1Department of Clinical Surgical Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 2Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy |
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In order to overcome the limitations of conventional MRI in MS, we explored the ability of NODDI to characterize features of acute and chronic lesions. In our study, in line with a recent work that histologically investigated animal models, Orientation Dispersion Index (ODI) was significantly higher in enhancing lesions, thus representing a reliable tool for detecting acute inflammation. After enhancement, lesions could be divided based on their change in Neurite Density Index (NDI): lesions showing increasing NDI values were likely to be characterized by partial remyelination, whereas lesions showing decreasing NDI values might be expression of chronic focal damage. |
| 3292 | Computer 128
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Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging predicts disability at 8 years follow-up in relapsing remitting MS patient |
1Signal Processing Laboratory 5, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2AA Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3CSEM – Centre Suisse d’Electronique et Microtechnique, Neuchatel, Switzerland, 4Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 5Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 6Departement of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a diffusion imaging technique that uses diffusion gradients of different strengths to provide novel metrics of axonal and dendrites integrity. In this study, we explored the value of NODDI metrics - in lesions and normal appearing tissue - to predict the long term disability in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. NODDI metrics in NAWM and lesions showed significant correlations with patients disability at 8 years follow-up. Future studies should explore the predictive value of NODDI metrics in MS lesions and in larger cohorts of MS patients. |
| 3293 | Computer 129
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Axonal Damage in the Optic Radiation Detected by Advanced Diffusion MR Metrics is Associated with Retinal Thinning in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital / Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, 3Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Axonal damage diffusely involves the retina, optic nerve, and optic pathway in MS but lacks a specific imaging biomarker. We investigated the presence of alterations in advanced diffusion MRI metrics derived from WMTI and NODDI in the optic radiation (OR) in MS. We found a significant association between thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer measured by OCT and reduction in axonal water fraction and intracellular water fraction in the OR as measured by WMTI and NODDI. Our results support the idea that axonal damage is widespread throughout the visual pathway in MS and may be mediated through trans-synaptic degeneration. |
| 3294 | Computer 130
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Feasibility of NODDI for the characterization of multiple sclerosis clinical features |
1Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, 2University Medical Center, Image Sciences Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Diagnostics and Pathology, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy, 4Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 5Department of Information Engineering, University of Padua, Padova, Italy, 6Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) is a diffusion weighted MRI technique introduced to asses neuronal microstructure. NODDI is used to retrieve indexes such as neurite density and fibers orientation dispersion that might be useful to assess neuronal damage and demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) MRI images. For this reason, we investigate its ability to differentiate to different MS phenotypes and clinical features in white matter and in multiple areas of the grey matter. |
| 3295 | Computer 131
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Evaluation of white matter integrity in multiple sclerosis using ultra-high gradient diffusion imaging |
1Radiology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Neurology, MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL, Boston, MA, United States, 3MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL, Boston, MA, United States |
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Conventional MRI of multiple sclerosis lacks specificity for the underlying disease-related processes. The use of ultra-high gradient diffusion imaging increases sensitivity for small caliber axons. When used in combination with myelin-sensitive imaging, estimates of axonal volume fraction ( |
| 3296 | Computer 132
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Measuring white matter injury in children with demyelinating syndromes as revealed by non-Gaussian diffusion imaging |
1Neuroscience and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Characterizing whole brain white matter structure in children with demyelinating syndromes (e.g. multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody related disorders (MOG)) may shed light on patterns of injury which are not apparent using conventional imaging techniques. We evaluated group differences in non-Gaussian diffusion data between 26 healthy control, 17 MS and 17 MOG/NMOSD children. We show white-matter microstructure differences between healthy controls and MS patients in areas associated with oculomotor function. Specifically, we show lower axonal density and myelin volume along optic radiations in MS patients than controls or NMOSD/MOG patients. |
| 3297 | Computer 133
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Minimum Requirements for Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) for a Longitudinal Trial |
1Imaging Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Neurological Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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This study examines the optimal number of diffusion-weighting gradients for using DTI as an outcome in a multicenter clinical trial. The results suggest that 6 directions may be sufficient for large, simple fiber tracts. This finding may help simplify the implementation of DTI into clinical trials. |
| 3298 | Computer 134
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Longitudinal changes in diffusion basis spectrum imaging metrics of normal-appearing white matter and lesions in ocrelizumab-treated relapsing multiple sclerosis |
1Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Physics, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany, 3Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5International Cooperation on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 8School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States, 9Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Diffusion Basis Spectrum Imaging (DBSI) probes axonal and myelin damage by modeling the diffusion-weighted MRI signal as discrete anisotropic diffusion tensors while simultaneously differentiating and quantifying inflammation and edema through a modeled isotropic diffusion tensor spectrum. We studied 15 RMS patients beginning ocrelizumab treatment over two years as well as 10 healthy controls. DBSI detected microstructural differences between RMS normal-appearing white matter, chronic and enhancing lesions, and healthy control white matter. Further, the metrics were sensitive to changes within two years of follow-up and showed improvement towards healthy control values in patients treated with ocrelizumab. |
| 3299 | Computer 135
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Advanced MRI in subtypes of multiple sclerosis: T1, T2, water content and diffusion basis spectrum imaging |
1Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Medicine (Neurology), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5MS/MRI Research Group, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States, 7Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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T1, T2, water content (WC) and diffusion basis spectrum metrics were compared from the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of 10 clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 27 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 14 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and 5 primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) subjects. SPMS showed higher WC, longer geometric mean T2 and a larger hindered fraction than CIS indicating increased oedema. Fibre fraction (apparent axonal density) was lower in RRMS and SPMS than CIS thought to reflect loss of axons or increased oedema. Advanced imaging can show differences between MS subtypes related to the underlying tissue damage. |
| 3300 | Computer 136
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Tissue microstructure information from T2 relaxometry and diffusion MRI can identify multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions undergoing blood-brain barrier breakdown (BBB) |
1Univ Rennes, Inria, Inserm, CNRS, IRISA UMR 6074, VISAGES - ERL U 1228, F-35000, Rennes, France, 2Computational Radiology Laboratory, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA) play a critical role in identifying MS lesions undergoing BBB which is of high clinical importance. However, repeated use of GBCAs over a long period of time and the risks associated with administering it to patients with renal complications has mandated for greater caution in its usage. In this work we explored the plausibility of identifying MS lesions undergoing BBB from tissue microstructure information obtained from T2 relaxometry and dMRI data. We also proposed a framework to predict MS lesions undergoing BBB using the tissue microstructure information and demonstrated its potential on a test case. |
| 3301 | Computer 137
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Myelin measurements using GRASE and mcDESPOT are strongly correlated with those from Multi-Echo Spin-Echo myelin water imaging in postmortem Multiple Sclerosis tissue |
1Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Neuroscience, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleavland, OH, United States |
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We compared myelin water fraction (MWF) results from the gold standard multi-spin-echo (MSE) sequence to two accelerated techniques: gradient-and-spin-echo (GRASE), and multicomponent-driven equilibrium single pulse observation of T1/T2 (mcDESPOT) in a formalin-fixed multiple sclerosis brain. All three techniques were sensitive to differences in myelin throughout the sample, with MSE and GRASE producing equivalent MWF values. mcDESPOT estimated significantly higher MWF in both normal appearing white matter and lesion compared to MSE and GRASE. However, the MWF was strongly correlated (p<0.0001) between all three methods (r=0.88 for MSE vs. GRASE; r=0.89 for MSE vs. mcDESPOT; r=0.89 for GRASE vs. mcDESPOT). |
| 3302 | Computer 138
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Quantitative Evaluation of Brain Tissue Damage in Multiple Sclerosis with SMART (Simultaneous Multi-Angular Relaxometry of Tissue) MRI |
1Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 3Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 4Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States |
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Quantitative MRI would be beneficial in evaluating tissue damage in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but existing quantitative techniques are not yet widely used. Recently developed SMART MRI technique generates quantitative magnetization transfer and MR relaxometry data from a single protocol. Herein we present data suggesting that the SMART metrics can serve as biomarkers for MS tissue damage. Our results showed that SMART metrics readily distinguish RRMS from progressive MS subtypes, and correlate with clinical assessments of MS patients. These data suggest that SMART MRI is a highly promising technique for MS monitoring, and for use as an endpoint in clinical trials. |
| 3303 | Computer 139
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Quantitative imaging biomarkers of demyelination and remyelination: reproducibility of MTsat vs. MTR. |
1Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Edinburgh Imaging, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 4Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom |
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MTsat provides magnetization transfer information less confounded by B1 and T1 inhomogeneities than MTR (largely derived from bound protons within axonal myelin in the brain). The present study measured the reproducibility of MTsat versus MTR, and compared tissue-type contrast for MTsat and MTR in healthy volunteers and patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Quantitative maps were created for histogram analysis, descriptive statistics and sensitivity comparisons. MTsat and MTR showed similar reproducibility but MTsat showed higher tissue contrast. Our data suggest MTsat is a superior biomarker for myelin integrity, with utility for the study of demyelination and remyelinating therapies in multiple sclerosis. |
| 3304 | Computer 140
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Sodium MRI, SMT, and qMT in Black Holes in Multiple Sclerosis |
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Clinical Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Black holes in multiple sclerosis (MS) are considered to be more indicative of axonal loss than T2 lesions. We employed three novel MRI techniques, sodium MRI, diffusion MRI via the spherical mean technique, and quantitative magnetization transfer to measure tissue sodium concentration (TSC, for axonal dysfunction), apparent axonal volume fraction (Vax, for axon loss), and macromolecular-to-free pool-size-ratio (PSR, for demyelination degree), respectively. The results showed significant differences of the measures between black holes and the contralateral normal appearing white matters, indicating the potential of using these techniques to provide more specific information on underlying pathology in MS. |
| 3305 | Computer 141
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Quantitative magnetization transfer MRI with improved specificity to demyelinating lesions |
1Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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MRI techniques that utilize the magnetization transfer (MT) effect are highly desirable as they potentially can map the myelin content. However, MT measurements produced by conventional MT-MRI techniques, such as MT ratio imaging, vary with the pulse sequence and the scan parameters used. The MT effect and the intrinsic spin–lattice relaxation, both a component of the MR longitudinal relaxation, must be separated to improve MT-MRI accuracy and precision. To solve the problem, a method for MT-MRI is developed in this work. In patients of multiple sclerosis, the present MT-MRI shows improved specificity to demyelinating lesions in the brain. |
| 3306 | Computer 142
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Don’t track edema if you are interested in demyelination: Quantitative susceptibility mapping of MS lesions depends on the image contrast used for lesion definition |
1UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 3Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 4Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Department of Pediatrics (Division of Neurology), university of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate how definition of multiple sclerosis lesions affects the measurement of quantitative magnetic susceptibility measurements in these lesions. Masks were drawn on FLAIR and QSM images at baseline and different follow-up time points. QSM was analyzed longitudinally across these lesion masks of the same lesion and compared to NAWM. A strong variability in longitudinal QSM was observed when masks were drawn on FLAIR images. The most consistnt behavior was seen on QSM based masks. The time point of lesion definition had a stronger influence when using FLAIR maks than with QSM based masks. |
| 3307 | Computer 143
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Utilizing QSM to assess long-term longitudinal susceptibility changes in enhancing multiple sclerosis lesions |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China, 2Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 3Mathematics, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 5Neurology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States |
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We measured the longitudinal susceptibility change of 32 new Gd-enhancing lesions from 19 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients over six years. Lesion susceptibility increased to peak within 1-2 years and was followed by a steady decline. Lesions with QSM rim had an overall higher susceptibility and demonstrated a decay rate that was significantly slower compared to that of lesions without rim. |
| 3308 | Computer 144
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Phase imaging and serum neurofilaments: a combined laboratory-imaging marker of multiple sclerosis chronic inflammation |
1Department of Neurology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Translational Neuroradiology Section/NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 3Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Department of Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland, 6Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINk) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engeneering, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland |
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In multiple sclerosis (MS), persistent chronic inflammation at the edges of old non-gadolinium-enhancing white matter lesions, is identified with a paramagnetic rim on susceptibility-based-MRI sequences. Serum neurofilaments (sNfL) levels are associated with disease activity and neurodegeneration in acute and chronic phases of MS. Whether the presence of chronic inflammation is accompanied by increased in neuroaxonal destruction is currently unknown. We showed that MS patients featuring chronic inflammation at the lesions edges have higher neuroaxonal destruction than patients without. The combination of paramagnetic rim and sNfL may help in the selection of “chronically” active MS patients who may benefit from disease-modifying-treatments. |
| 3309 | Computer 145
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Multi-Parametric White Matter Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions |
1Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2The MRI Institute for Biomedical Research, Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 3Magnetic Resonance Innovations Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, 4Multiple Sclerosis Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States, 5MR Medical Imaging Innovations Inc., Hyderabad, India, 6AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, United States |
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A multiparametric quantitative white matter study using MRI was designed to include 15 relapsing remitting MS patients and 10 age and sex matched controls. The imaging protocol acquired 3D conventional imaging, SWI, QSM, DTI, MTC, and STrategically Acquired Gradient Echo (STAGE) imaging. ROI were manually drawn around MS lesions in T2-FLAIR and QSM. Contralateral normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and NAWM in controls were drawn in all modalities to measure mean intensity and volume. We found a good correlation between QSM, MTR, FA, MWF and conventional imaging. QSM’s sensitivity to demyelination best complimented T2-FLAIR’s sensitivity to inflammation and scarring. |
| 3310 | Computer 146
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Phase opposed cerebral vasoreactivity in multiple sclerosis: evidences of a link between white matter tracts and vascular alterations |
1I2FH, Institut d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France, Montpellier, France, 2Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, France, Montpellier, France, 3LIRMM, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier, France, Montpellier, France, 4Department of Neurology, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France, montpellier, France |
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Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a higher risk for ischaemic stroke. The current hypothesis states that white matter (WM) fibers alterations causes, through astrocytes, a cerebral vasoreactivity (CVR) disruption resulting in a hypoperfusion. Due to the location of the astrocytes, we expect an altered vasoreactivity mainly around WM tracts. Using a MR vasoreactivity experiment, we could identify altered WM pathways. In MS patients a path from left anterior insula to both precentral gyrus and right middle and superior frontal gyrus highlighted an altered CVR compared to controls. A negative association was found with fNART in the cingulum limbic pathway. |
| 3311 | Computer 147
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Contrast to Noise Measurements of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions using QSM at 7T: Comparison with Conventional Contrasts |
1Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Neurosurgergy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been a condition of particular interest to the QSM community, due to the conspicuity that white matter abnormalities show in QSM contrast images. While several studies have examined small cohort case findings of QSM variations within MS subjects at ultra-high field, an analysis of QSM contrast-to-noise ratio across a wide range of lesions has yet to be performed. Here, we present quantitative CNR analysis of 65 MS lesions spread across 10 subjects scanned with a high resolution 3D protocol at 7T. |
| 3312 | Computer 148
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Myelin-sensitive indices in multiple sclerosis: the unseen qualities of qualitative clinical MRI |
1Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain, 5National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), University College London Hospital (UCLH) Biomedical Research Center, London, United Kingdom, 6Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy, 7Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy |
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Specialised quantitative MRI techniques, while considered state-of-the-art for quantitative studies, increase acquisition times and costs. On the other hand, clinical techniques routinely added to every MR-protocol are dismissed from quantitative analyses because labelled as qualitative. In this study, macromolecular tissue volume (MTV) and T1-/T2-weighted ratio (T1w/T2w) maps extracted from clinical images were compared with magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR, gold standard for myelin mapping) to assess whether clinical scans can also be used for myelin mapping in multiple sclerosis. Good correlation and similar sensitivity to disease were observed for both comparisons, with MTV appearing overall more reliable than T1w/T2w when compared with MTR. |
| 3313 | Computer 149
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Myelin imaging derived from quantitative parameter mapping |
1Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, 2Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 3Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 4Healthcare Business Unit, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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We developed a novel method which is applicable to visualize myelin component in the human brain using relaxation time derived from QPM-MRI. Our method demonstrated acknowledgement that the myelin content increased proportionally by times R1 and R2 in healthy volunteers. Linear regression analysis showed a strong and highly significant correlation between conventional T1w/T2w ratios and R1·R2* times derived from QPM (R = 0.61, P < 0.0001). In conclusion, our myelin mapping technique using QPM may replace conventional T1w/T2w ratio mapping and be expected to become independent of measurement conditions due to having quantitative characteristic of QPM itself. |
| 3314 | Computer 150
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The myelin-weighted connectome: a new look at multiple sclerosis |
1NeuroPoly Lab, Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, FYR Macedonia, 4Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, 5Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Myelin imaging has yet to make its way into standard connectomics protocols. Myelin-specific MRI metrics are useful for the assessment of neurological conditions that affect white matter. In this |
| 3315 | Computer 151
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Amide proton transfer in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
1University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China, 3Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China, 4Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada, 52nd Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China |
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There is |
| 3316 | Computer 152
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Visualization of CSF flow of whole brain using 3D dynamic iMSDE SSFP |
1Department of Radiology, Tokai University Hospital, Isehara, Japan, 2Division of Diagnostic Image Analysis Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, 3Healthcare, Philips Electronics Japan Ltd., Shinagawa, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan, 5Course of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Japan, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan |
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We reported a technique to visualize the irregular flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in whole brain by using dynamic improved motion-sensitized driven-equilibrium steady-state free precession (dynamic iMSDE SSFP). The purpose of this study was to propose a new technique using 3D dynamic iMSDE SSPF for visualizing the slow and irregular CSF flow of whole brain. 3D dynamic iMSDE SSPF can visualize the connection between the CSF space and a small lesion. This technique is suggested to contribute to the diagnosis of various diseases in the CSF space. |
| 3317 | Computer 153
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Measurement of cerebral perfusion changes during breath holding using pCASL with an accelerated 3D readout: an approach to quantify cerebrovascular reactivity. |
1Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 2Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Critical Care, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain, 3Siemens Healthineers, Madrid, Spain |
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Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) can be defined as the change in flow in response to a vasoactive agent. Hypercapnia is known to cause global increases in cerebral blood flow (CBF). ASL can provide a quantitative measure of CBF changes. The objective of this research was to determine whether pseudo-continuous ASL (pCASL) with an accelerated 3D readout, combined with breath-hold induced hypercapnia, is a practicable method for evaluating CVR. Results showed that the faster readout provided whole-brain coverage at isotropic resolution and allowed a post-labeling delay long enough to avoid macrovascular signal artifacts, while keeping TR short to sample several points per breath-hold. |
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Computer 154
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Tractography of complex white matter bundles: limitations of diffusion MRI data upsampling |
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), Division of Clinical Neurosciences and Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom |
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Diffusion MRI images for fiber tractography are often acquired at low spatial resolution which may lead to underestimation of smaller tracts with complex morphology. Although upsampling may improve results, this has had mixed observations in the literature. We compared three datasets (2×2×2 mm3, 1.5×1.5×1.5 mm3, and 2×2×2 mm3 upsampled to 1.5×1.5×1.5 mm3) obtained and processed using state-of-the-art hardware and methodology. By evaluating the appearances and streamline metrics of the corticospinal tract, anterior commissure and small subcortical U-shaped fibers as test bundles, we demonstrated that the original high-resolution dataset outperformed both the low-resolution and upsampled data in resolving complex regional anatomy. |
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Computer 155
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Assessment of repeatability of imaging inhaled hyperpolarized xenon-129 in the human brain |
1University Of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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This study assesses the repeatability of image quality of inhaled hyperpolarized 129Xe brain MRI by assessing the signal-to-noise ratio of 129Xe brain images for five healthy subjects. A maximum signal-to-noise ratio of 18.8 ±6.1 and mean signal-to-noise ratio of 12.1 ±3.8 was observed over the five volunteers. An intra-subject variability between ±6 % and ±30 %, and inter-subject variability of ±30 % was observed. By using an optimized polarizer, RF coil and pulse sequence as in this study, we believe the signal-to-noise ratio is sufficiently reproducible for further clinical evaluation. |
| 3320 | Computer 156
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Quantitative Magnetization Transfer of the Human Locus Coeruleus |
1Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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The locus coeruleus (LC) is the major source of norepinephrine in the brain and it is affected in several neurodegenerative disorders. We used quantitative magnetization transfer (MT) imaging to create parametric maps of the macromolecular content of the LC and neighboring tissues. We found that the macromolecular content was lower in the LC compared to the surrounding pontine tegmentum, suggesting that LC contrast is related to MT effects. |
| 3321 | Computer 157
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Progesterone, not estrogen modulates cerebral blood flow across the menstrual cycle |
1Médecine nucléaire et radiobiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 2Psychology, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 3Pediatrie, Université Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, 4Radiologie diagnostic, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada |
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The sex hormones estrogen (EST) and progesterone (PROG) are known vasodilators, yet little is known about how large changes in concentrations across the menstrual cycle (MC) influences CBF. This study aimed to determine how fluctuations in EST and PROG across the MC influence CBF and cerebral arteries. CBF and arteries were evaluated twice in female participants when PROG was low and high. There were region-specific and dose-dependent effects of PROG (but not EST) on CBF, but not arterial diameters. This indicates that cerebral vascular function in women is dynamic across the MC and is not due to vasodilatory effects of EST or PROG. |
| 3322 | Computer 158
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Quantitative Data Driven Voxel-Wise Simulator (QVS): Application to 3D MP-RAGE Optimization for Harmonization of Multi-Centre Brain MRI Studies |
1Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation,Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom, 4Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom |
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Typical MRI simulators are either based on the signal equations or on the solution to the Bloch equations for each voxel, with appropriate image encoding incorporated. In this work, a novel modular approach to simulate MR sequences, termed quantitative voxel-wise simulator (QVS), is proposed. This simulator employs quantitative parametric maps as inputs, models the evolved MR signal as a multi-dimensional filter output and reconstructs the image by using a voxel-by-voxel modulated k-space approach. As a proof-of-concept, 3D MP-RAGE sequence is simulated and the simulated images are compared with in-vivo data. QVS is designed for multi-centre brain MRI harmonization. |
| 3323 | Computer 159
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Differentiation between Hemorrhage and Calcifications by Assessing the Dipole Patterns on Unwrapped Phase Images of Gradient-recalled Echo Sequence |
1Radiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Both cerebral hemorrhages and calcifications may show similar internal heterogeneity on phase images, limiting its clinical utility. We assessed a dipole artifact (both the upper/lower poles and the equatorial region) on phase images in 123 patients with hemorrhages (n=119) and calcifications (n=75). All hemorrhagic lesions were perfectly determined, while all but one calcification showed a diamagnetic dipole pattern. The equatorial phase values (degree) were significantly different between hemorrhages and calcifications (-10.41±10.66 versus 10.86±9.53; P<0.0001). The signal intensities of both the lobes and the equatorial rim on GRE phase images accurately differentiate hemorrhages from calcifications irrespective of internal heterogeneity. |
| 3324 | Computer 160
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Application of 3T Magnetic Resonance 3D StarVIBE Sequence in Fetal Brain |
1West China Second University Hospital，University, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Sichuan, China, Chengdu, China, 2Siemens Healthineers, China, Shanghai, China |
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Fast T2-weighted imaging is a commonly used diagnostic sequence for fetal MR. Because of the limitations of fetal development, the imaging effect of T1 nervous system imaging is difficult to achieve like the post-natal image effect. The 3D StarVIBE sequence is used as a new sequence under 3T MR, using a radial K-space filling, not sensitive to motion, can be applied to the fetal nervous system examination. Recent reports suggest that the TurboFLASH(TFL) sequence with an optimized TI time of 2500 ms is used as an advantage of excellent contrast and overcoming motion artifacts in 2D gradient echo sequences. Therefore, this study will use the 3D StarVIBE sequence and the TFL sequence as a reference to judge its imaging effect. |
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Computer 161
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Longitudinal brain volume changes in pre-menopausal breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy |
1Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 4Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 5Surgical Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6Radiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 7Gynaecology and Obstetrics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 8General Medical Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 9Center for Gynaecologic Oncology, Anthoni van Leeuwenhoek, Netherlands Cancer Insitute, Academical Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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This longitudinal study investigates possible recovery of volumetric brain changes in pre-menopausal patients three years after being treated for early-stage breast cancer. While initial widespread white matter volume increase was previously observed, recovery is seen three years after treatment in the same group of young women treated with chemotherapy. Patients with breast cancer show widespread gray matter volume decrease, observed both in patients treated and not treated with cytotoxic agents. Further studies are necessary to unravel possible acute volumetric changes, possibly neuro-inflammatory mechanisms, in this population as a cause for these findings. |
| 3326 | Computer 162
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3D Flow Compensated Interleaved EPI for a Fast High-Resolution Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging at 1.5T |
1Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Radiology, A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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We implemented a first order gradient nulling (GMN) based partial flow compensation in 3D interleaved EPI and assessed its feasibility for a fast high-resolution SWI application at 1.5T. Specifically, we used GMN to zero the velocity-induced phase error at the center echo for each shot in both phase and frequency encoding directions. The slice direction implementation was identical to that for 3D GRE, with flow compensation for both slice selective gradient and partition encoding gradient. In addition, each shot was sequentially acquired twice with the swapped readout polarity in the second to further reduce the phase oscillates between the even and odd echoes in each shot. Flow phantom and in-vivo experiments were performed to validate that flow effect is effectively reduced even not all echoes have been fully flow compensated. |
| 3327 | Computer 163
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Quantitative pharmacokinetic comparison of adenoma and normal pituitary gland using high-temporal and spatial resolution dynamic contrast enhanced MRI |
1Radiology, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan, 2Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan, 3Radiological Technology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan, 4Siemens Healthcare K.K, Tokyo, Japan |
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Preoperative localization of the normal pituitary gland is important in patients with pituitary adenoma. Our aim was to evaluate the possible role of high-temporal and spatial resolution dynamic contrast enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and quantitative pharmacokinetic analysis in differentiation of the normal pituitary gland from pituitary adenoma. The normal pituitary gland showed significantly higher IAUC, Ktrans, kep and ve than pituitary adenoma. The ROC curve analysis showed significance for IAUC, Ktrans, kep and ve (AUC = 0.958, 0.882, 0.781 and 0.851, respectively). These quantitative parameters may be useful for differentiation of the normal pituitary gland from pituitary adenoma. |
| 3328 | Computer 164
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Diagnostic performance of a new multicontrast one minute full brain exam (EPIMix) in neuroradiology |
1Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Karolinska, Stockholm, Sweden, 3GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden |
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This study assess if a new one minute multi contrast MRI method has comparable diagnostic performance as conventional MRI in brain imaging. Prospectively consecutively included patients (n=101) underwent a conventional clinical brain MRI in addition to a new 80 seconds multi contrast MRI sequence named EPIMix. The diagnostic performance to categorize a clinical brain MRI scan with EPIMix or conventional MRI as abnormal (symptom-causing lesion) was comparable between EPIMix (AUC 0.97 (95%CI 0.94-1.00) and 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-1.00)) and conventional MRI (AUC 1.00 (95% CI 1.00-1.00)), (n=96-101). |
| 3329 | Computer 165
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Magnetic resonance neurography reveals association between low serum cholesterol and peripheral nerve damage in type 2 diabetes |
1Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Neuroradiology, Würzburg University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany |
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Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) is a major contributor for morbidity in diabetes; however, up to this day, there is a lack of sufficient strategies to prevent this disorder especially in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes (T2D). Specifically, it remains controversially discussed if a lowering of serum cholesterol has beneficial effects on the course of T2D DPN. Using in vivo high resolution magnetic resonance neurography in 100 type 2 diabetes patients with and without DPN, we found that lowering of serum cholesterol, especially lowering of LDL, is strongly associated with an increase in visible nerve damage. We further found a significant correlation between the amount of nerve damage and the patients’ statin dose. In T2D patients, this effect is potentially relevant for therapies that promote an aggressive lowering of serum cholesterol. |
| 3330 | Computer 166
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Regional morphometric abnormalities and clinical relevance in Wilson's disease |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 2Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China, 4Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China |
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In this study, coarse-to-fine evaluations were creatively made in terms of both global volume and local shape to identify Wilson’s disease (WD)-related morphometric abnormalities of eight structures of interest (caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, red nucleus and substantia nigra). Our results revealed that significant volume reductions and region-specific surface atrophy were detected in all structures of interest except the bilateral hippocampus in patients with WD relative to HC subjects, and the putamen had the strongest global and local atrophy and the amygdala was least affected. These morphometric abnormalities may serve as useful imaging biomarkers for WD. |
| 3331 | Computer 167
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Neuromelanin-sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of the Substantia Nigra in Huntington’s Disease |
1ISR-Lisbon/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico - University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 2Neurological Imaging Department, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal, 3Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 4Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Neurology, Hospital de Santa Maria - CHLN, Lisbon, Portugal, 5CNS – Campus Neurológico Sénior, Torres Vedras, Portugal |
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Neuromelanin(NM)-sensitive MRI (NM-MRI) is a promising technique to study pathological changes in NM-containing structures, such as the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). This midbrain structure modulates the corticostriatal pathway through the striatum, which is known to degenerate in Huntington’s Disease (HD). Our study used NM-MRI for the first time to study HD, with a semi-automatic segmentation method to evaluate the SNc, compatible with dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SNc of HD patients. SNc NM correlated with the volumes of the caudate, putamen and globus pallidus, suggesting that SNc neuronal loss and basal ganglia atrophy may not be independent processes. |
| 3332 | Computer 168
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Multimodal Models Provide Earlier Prediction (10 Years Prior to Diagnosis) of Dementia and Cognitive Decline and Personalized Actionability for Risk Mitigation for At-Risk Individuals |
1Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, CA, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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Current approaches for predicting an individual’s risk of developing dementia rely primarily on single modality data and/or single biomarkers. Here we evaluate the utilization of non-invasive MR imaging and genetics for early detection and prediction of cognitive decline and dementia. We demonstrate |
| 3333 | Computer 169
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Investigating the biodistribution of the antiinflammatory drug teriflunomide in vivo using 19F MRI |
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany |
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Teriflunomide is a trifluorinated drug indicated in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Using fluorine (19F) MR methods, the biodistribution of this anti-inflammatory drug could be examined in vivo to guide pharmacological studies and dosage adjustments en route to individualized therapy. In this study, we administered teriflunomide to healthy rats and an animal model of MS. We could detect teriflunomide non-invasively in various tissues in vivo, during the disease course and ex vivo. |
| 3334 | Computer 170
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Diagnosing MS using Central Veins at Clinically Relevant Image Resolutions |
1Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain, 3Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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The central vein sign is well documented as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis at high-resolution MRI. To investigate its potential at lower resolution and inform clinical MR protocol parameters, interpolation was used to demonstrate the effect of decreasing the resolution in 30 MS patients who underwent 7T-MRI. Finding were compared to 5 Non-MS groups (n = 82) at different resolutions using logistic regression. At half the original resolution the proportion of perivenular lesions changed considerably (73% to 47%), however, classification results remained unaffected provided the threshold (proportion of perivenular lesions) used for the differentiation decreased at lower resolution. |
| 3335 | Computer 171
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Validation of an Image Derived Input Function Method for 15O-water PET/MR Brain Scans |
1Radiology, Stanford, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Applied Science lab, GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden, 3PET Centre, Medical Imaging Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden, 4Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 5Molecular Imaging Program, Stanford, Stanford, CA, United States, 6Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, 7Medical Physics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden |
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A recently introduced image-derived input function (IDIF) method on a PET/MR scanner addresses the spill-in and spill-over artifacts on the PET images by measuring the true carotid artery volume by an MR-angiogram. This study validates the IDIF method for quantification of cerebral blood flow (CBF) from 15O-water PET, using arterial blood sampling as the gold standard in 20 subjects. CBF measured by IDIF and BSIF were correlated (R2= 0.5) in the gray-matter and whole-brain, with average difference of only 3%. |
| 3336 | Computer 172
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Characterisation of ageing effects using multiparametric quantitative imaging |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 2Authors with equal contributions, Jülich, Germany, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 11, INM-11, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 4Jara - BRAIN -Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 5Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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A multiparametric, quantitative method was implemented in a population-based study of normal ageing - the 1000Brains study. Several parameters are derived with whole-brain, high-resolution imaging in TA=21min: these included water content, T1 and T2* relaxation times, their changes in the presence of saturation and calculated qMT parameters - MTR, bound proton fraction fboundand forward magnetization exchange rate (kex). Methodological precision is high allowing for detecting of ageing effects as illustrated by several parameters (T1, T2*, H2O, fbound) from data sets of 25 healthy subjects (mean age 53±16 years, from 27 to 80, 18 male). |
| 3337 | Computer 173
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Development of High Quality T1w and DTI Templates of the Older Adult Brain in a Common Space |
1Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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The demand for a multimodal MRI atlas of the older adult brain is increasing as large amounts of data are generated in studies of aging. The purpose of this work was to develop high quality T1-weighted (T1w) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) templates of the older adult brain in the same space, to allow future multimodal analyses. This was successfully accomplished through a proposed iterative multimodal template construction strategy. The new templates allowed higher spatial normalization accuracy of T1w and DTI data from older adults compared to other available templates. |
| 3338 | Computer 174
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Diffusion imaging of rat brain slices on a human clinical MRI scanner |
1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States |
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We demonstrate the feasibility of performing diffusion tensor imaging on a rat brain slice using a 3 T human clinical scanner and a rat coil. Brain slices provide an important platform for performing mechanistic studies in neuroscience. We show that sufficient SNR is available for performing experiments to examine the diffusion properties of white matter through examining age-related differences in FA on 8-week-old and 1-year-old rats. |