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| Tuesday Digital Poster | Wednesday Digital Poster | Thursday Digital Poster |
| 1259
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Computer 1
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Characterizing respiratory muscle composition and function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy using dynamic MRI and chemical shift-encoded imaging |
1Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, 2Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), respiratory muscle weakness leads to eventual respiratory failure. For this investigation, dynamic MRI was utilized to characterize diaphragm and chest wall dynamics during breathing, and chemical shift-encoded imaging was utilized to assess fatty infiltration in accessory respiratory muscles in 36 individuals with DMD and 12 unaffected controls. For maximal inspirations, individuals with DMD had significantly reduced anterior-posterior chest expansion, and a subgroup with poor respiratory function had decreased diaphragm descent (normalized to height). The expiratory muscles had high levels of fatty infiltration, and muscle fat fraction was correlated with measures of expiratory muscle strength. |
| 1260 | Computer 2
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Can be Pi2 signal in 31P MR spectra a biomarker of critical limb ischemia in diabetic patients? |
1MR-Unit, Dept. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Dept. Diabetology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic |
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A group of 65 diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia was studied by rest and dynamic phosphorous MR spectroscopy. An unknown signal in the position 5.2 – 5.4 ppm (labeled as Pi2) was observed in calf muscle spectra of 14 patients. Two hypotheses of the Pi2 signal explanation were taken into the consideration: a) phosphorus in alkaline phosphate pool or b) phosphorus in an unknown phosphomonoester. Results support hypothesis a) and we think that Pi2 signal at 5.4 ppm in patients with diabetic foot disease could be considered as the biomarker of the most severe muscular damage. |
| 1261 | Computer 3
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Regional thigh muscle composition based on chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI and its association with muscle strength |
1Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the thigh muscles bears potential as a surrogate marker in subjects with osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and neuromuscular disorders. Muscle PDFF has shown to correlate with isometric strength at the thigh and spine. However, MR-based muscle fat quantification requires time-consuming segmentation of multiple muscle compartments. Therefore, we investigated if segmentation of single compartment muscles and of different levels of the thigh influences the relation of PDFF to isometric strength. The present study demonstrated that PDFF measurements can be limited to an entire muscle compartment, independent of sampling level. |
| 1262 | Computer 4
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Evaluation of Muscle Degeneration in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients Using MR Cytography |
1Neuroimaging Research, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 2Research-ALS, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States, 3Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons resulting in progressive muscle atrophy. The heterogeneous nature of disease progression has limited the reliability and robustness of current clinical indicators used in disease monitoring. To address the need for reproducible, quantitative biomarkers, we propose the applicability of Magnetic Resonance Cytography (MRC) to characterize ALS induced changes to muscle myofiber microstructure. In this clinical study, the role of MRC as a potential biomarker was demonstrated by identifying changes to muscle cytoarchitecture in the lower extremities among ALS patients when compared with healthy muscle. |
| 1263 | Computer 5
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Creatine CEST at 3T following in magnet exercise shows differences in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction compared to healthy and hypertensive controls |
1CMROI, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Exercise intolerance is a hallmark of heart failure. Here, we have shown for the first time that parameters derived from ROI-based analysis of creatine-weighted CEST signals following exercise can be used to distinguish HFpEF patients from HTN and healthy controls. Identifying these group differences is uniquely possible because CrCEST can measure muscle specific metabolism with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. |
| 1264 | Computer 6
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Aerobic exercise enhances 31P MRS measured mitochondrial function independent of statin use |
1Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 2Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 3Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States |
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Phosphorus MRS is the gold standard measure of in vivo mitochondrial function. In this study, 31P MRS was used to examine exercise-induced adaptations in mitochondrial function in the presence of concurrent statin use. The results show that aerobic exercise training significantly improved muscle oxidative capacity of the plantar flexor muscles in older adults independent of statin use. |
| 1265 | Computer 7
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The novel visualization technique of fast and slow muscle fibers using q-space imaging: Clinical study |
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 2RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan, 3Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 4Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 5Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 6Department of Clinical Biomechanics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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Skeletal muscles include fast and slow muscle fibers. However, a non-invasive approach for appropriately investigating the characteristics of muscles is not available. The present study aimed to determine whether q-space imaging can distinguish between fast fiber dominant tibialis anterior muscle (TA) and slow fiber dominant soleus muscle (SOL). T2WI, FA and ADC maps could not represent the difference between TA and SOL. On the other hand, |
| 1266 | Computer 8
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Whole-Body Mapping of Spontaneous Mechanical Activities in Musculature |
1Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 2Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 3School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 4Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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Whole-body quantification of spontaneous mechanical activities is of high interest for the assessment of the activity distribution in healthy and non-healthy population. Therefore, a measurement protocol and spatial mapping is investigated for accurate quantification of small subtle spontaneous activities in the human skeletal musculature over the whole-body. This work enables to assess spontaneous activity in muscular regions which are important for potential evaluation and grading in neuromuscular disorders. |
| 1267 | Computer 9
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Deep Learning-Based Automatic Estimation of Volume and Fat Fraction in Abductor Muscles and their Associations with T1ρ and T2 in Hip Osteoarthritis Patients |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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In Osteoarthritis, cartilage degeneration can be accompanied by muscle weakness. T1ρ and T2 relaxation times have been used to probe cartilage degeneration. This study aims to develop an automatic machine-learning based segmentation and quantification pipeline to estimate the volumes and fat fractions of the three hip abductor muscles and study their associations with T1ρ and T2 relaxation times. Our results showed fast, reliable segmentations the hip abductor muscles and voxel based correlations between T1ρ and fat fraction and T2 and volumes of the muscles. |
| 1268 | Computer 10
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Evaluation of inter- and intramuscular differences using multi-slice T2* measurements after an in-magnet stepping exercise. |
1Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Rehabilitation, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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In this study we explored the feasibility of using an MR-compatible ergometer mimicking stair climbing to study differences in T2* after exercise between and within different thigh muscles. Four healthy subjects performed a 10-minute stepping exercise inside a 3T. Participants exercised at either a high rate of perceived exertion (RPE) or a low RPE. Clear differences between low and high RPE and different muscles, but not within muscles, were found. This shows that it is possible to use stair-climbing using an MR-compatible ergometer to study differences between and within muscles in response to exercise. |
| 1269 | Computer 11
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A neural network approach for estimating muscle perfusion from DCE-MRI data |
1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 3Division of Biostatistics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 4Verily Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Perfusion is an important aspect of calf muscle function that can be measured with dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. However, conventional methods for quantifying perfusion from DCE-MRI data require an appropriate tracer-kinetic model, which may not be available clinically. In this study, we examined the feasibility of neural networks (NNs) for quantifying calf-muscle perfusion from DCE-MRI data. We found that NNs estimate perfusion with accuracy comparable to conventional methods, without the need for a tracer-kinetic model. NNs like those developed in this study can be readily incorporated into ordinary MRI scanner software, facilitating routine quantitative perfusion analysis with DCE-MRI. |
| 1270 | Computer 12
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Correlation between skeletal muscle fat content and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
1Medical Imaging, Shengjing Hospital affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China, 2Medical Imaging, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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To quantitatively investigate various parts of the thigh skeletal muscle fat content in patients with type 2 diabetes to explore its correlation with insulin resistance via MRI. |
| 1271 | Computer 13
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Visualization of Aquaporin 4 using Time-dependent Diffusion MRI in Mouse Skeletal Muscle |
1Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan, 2Keio University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kanagawa, Japan, 4National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan |
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We focused on aquaporin 4 in skeletal muscle and attempted to visualize its function using time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In addition, the validity of the muscle cell type characteristics was evaluated by immunostaining. The diffusion time was adjusted with the PG-STE method using a 9.4-T MRI scanner. Diffusivity associated with a difference in the diffusion time was found to differ depending on the skeletal muscle type. Thus, it was possible to visualize the water molecule exchange rate of skeletal muscle cell membranes. |
| 1272 | Computer 14
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Simulation based study of the effect of sub-voxel spatial distribution of permeability of muscle fibres as a function of diffusion time and b-value using a finite element model |
1National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, United Kingdom, 2UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom |
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We investigate the effect of the sub-voxel patterning of permeability in muscle tissue on the diffusion signal via a finite element simulation of diffusion MRI on a model of muscle tissue. We observe that permeability with a disordered pattern leads to statistically significant differences in diffusion signal at high b and longer diffusion times. |
| 1273 | Computer 15
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The relation between fat calibration in multi-echo spin-echo water T2 mapping and STEAM fat T2 relaxation measurements |
1Department of Radiology, University medical center utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neurology BG, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 4Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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The aim of this study was to quantitatively describe the relation between fat calibration in ME-SE water T2 mapping and STEAM fat T2 relaxation measurements in spectroscopy using j‑coupling simulations and investigate its effect on EPG water T2 mapping. Both ME-SE and STEAM T2 mapping methods to estimate the apparent fat T2 relaxation times are heavily influenced by J-coupling. As such the measured T2 relaxation time of fat using STEAM, appears shorter and using ME-SE appears longer, ranging between values of 30 and 140 ms. |
| 1274 | Computer 16
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Compressed-Sensing 4D Flow MRI of the Skeletal Muscle during Nerve vs Muscle Electrical Stimulation |
1Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 5Siemens Medical Solutions, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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The purpose of this study was to use dynamic 4D phase contrast MR imaging to compare the stimulation patterns of neuromuscular electrical stimulation of the calf muscles when delivered through the muscle belly or through the nerve trunk. Experiments were performed on healthy volunteers and strain maps were obtained for each stimulation modality. A more homogeneous activation of the muscle group was obtained for nerve stimulation, with overall lower strain values with respect to muscle stimulation. |
| 1275 | Computer 17
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Extended phase graph model based tissue-water T2 estimation from CPMG image data in fat-infiltrated skeletal muscle: application in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Kennedy’s disease |
1UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Glaxo Smith Kline, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom |
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An MRI CPMG extended phase graph signal model was used to determine muscle-water T2 (T2m) in fat-infiltrated skeletal muscle, using a fixed two-component approximation to the fat signal. Stable estimates of T2m and apparent fat fraction (ffa) in the thigh muscles of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Kennedy’s disease patients and healthy controls were obtained. T2m were elevated in both patient groups, as was ffa with a distribution consistent with that obtained by 3-point Dixon MRI. |
| 1276 | Computer 18
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Fascicle Ellipticity as an Explanation of Transverse Anisotropy in Diffusion MRI Measurements of Skeletal Muscle |
1Mechanical Science and Engineering, Univeristy of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, urbana, IL, United States |
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Diffusion MRI of skeletal muscle exhibits a transverse anisotropy, the source of which has yet to be conclusively determined. To explore this, histological images were segmented into intracellular and extracellular domains and used to inform a direct numerical simulation of the Bloch-Torrey equation. Histology images were examined at the myocyte and fascicle scale and it was found that results from the fascicle images exhibited increased transverse anisotropy. These results suggest that fascicle organization may pay a hereunto unrecognized role in affecting dMRI in skeletal muscle. |
| 1277 | Computer 19
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Bidirectional Filtering for Psoas Major Muscle Magnetic Resonance Elastography |
1Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan |
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The purpose of this present work was to apply bidirectional |
| 1278 | Computer 20
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Gender- and age-related changes in trunk muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany, 3Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany |
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Chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI derived proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of muscles has been emerging as a surrogate marker for quantification of ectopic fat accumulation. Increased fatty deposits are a risk factor for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. With skeletal muscle being the largest body compartment in adults, we are still at the beginning of understanding the functional consequences of these changes. The purpose of the present analysis was to investigate the gender- and age-related changes in PDFF of trunk musculature of healthy adults using chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI. |
| 1279 | Computer 21
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Semi-quantitative MR muscle analysis of VCP inclusion body myopathy |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 2Radiology Department, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Orthopedics and Physiology & Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 4Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States |
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This study was to demonstrate |
| 1280 | Computer 22
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Quantitative evaluation of muscular microvascular permeability by DCE-MRI and texture analysis in diabetic rabbits |
1Department of Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Our purpose is to quantificationally evaluate the microvascular permeability and subtle changes in diabetic skeletal muscle by DCE-MRI and texture analysis. Alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and normal rabbits were studied at fixed time points (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks). Permeability parameters Ktrans and Kep increased and then showed a downward trend, Ve increased and Vp decreased in diabetic group. Texture parameters based on Ktrans map showed difference between the two groups. We can draw a conclusion that the microvascular permeability of diabetic skeletal muscle increases while the perfusion decreases and texture analysis based on Ktrans map can detect these subtle changes in early stage. |
| 1281 | Computer 23
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Multi-parametric MRI analysis of the temporal changes of induced damage and regeneration in dystrophic hind limb muscles |
1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 4Department of Biochemistery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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The mdx mouse model is one of the most commonly used animal models for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Although the mdx model has a milder phenotype compared to patients with DMD, the model has shown the similarity in some histopathologic events resulting in wide utilizations in preclinical studies for both disease progression and therapeutic intervention. Over the years MRI has been increasingly being utilized to monitor the disease progression in dystrophic mice and DMD patients. We performed MRI to discriminate the time course of damage in regeneration in skeletal muscles if mdx mice. |
| 1282 | Computer 24
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Mapping of myoglobin oxygen saturation dynamics in the calf during ischemia with a modified slab-selective 2D NMRSI pulse sequence at 3T. |
1NMR Laboratory, Institute of Myology, Paris, France, 2NMR Laboratory, CEA / DRF / IBFJ/ MIRCen, Paris, France, 3Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 4High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 5NMR Laboratory, CEA / DRF / IBFJ / MIRCen, Paris, France |
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Myoglobin in its deoxygenated form is a 1H NMR visible biomarker of intracellular oxygenation. Its low concentration and very short relaxation times have been major challenges to map deoxy-myoglobin dynamically during a transient state, such as ischemia. Here, we interleaved the acquisition of a full 2D CSI data set at the dMb frequency (~79 ppm), a non-localized dMb spectrum and an anatomical image with radial encoding to track dMb dynamics during an ischemic bout with a temporal resolution of 3.5 seconds. Promising proof-of-concept results are shown. This method suggests a strong potential for energy metabolism studies in vivo. |
| 1283 | Computer 25
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Simulated effect of diffusion time and skeletal muscle fiber size on the diffusion tensor |
1University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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The sensitivity of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to muscle fiber size is dependent upon diffusion time. However, there is no consensus on how to interpret data acquired at different diffusion times. In this study we simulated the relationship between muscle fiber size, diffusion time, and the resulting diffusion tensor in models with simplified and histology informed muscle fiber geometry, using a stimulated echo DTI pulse sequence. Maximum contrast between physiologically relevant fiber sizes was found at 130ms for diffusivity, and 170ms for fractional anisotropy measurements. This data may better inform pulse sequence parameter selection when performing DTI experiments in vivo. |
| 1284
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Computer 26
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Mapping collagen and water proton densities in tibial cortical bone using 3D ultrashort echo time cones (3D-UTE-Cones) MR imaging techniques |
1Radiology, University of california, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Spatial variations of cortical bone microstructure and mechanics can be described by mapping proton densities as exist in macromolecular, bound, and pore water pools. Comparing bone signal in ultrashort echo time MRI (UTE-MRI) and in inversion recovery UTE MRI against a known external reference signal enabled us to measure total, bound, and pore water proton densities. Measured total water proton density combined with macromolecular fraction from magnetization transfer modelling resulted in macromolecular proton density estimation. We observed strong correlation between proton densities and bone porosity. The developed technique was performed robustly on ten young subjects. This technique may aid diagnosing bone diseases and injuries. |
| 1285 | Computer 27
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Ultrashort echo time MRI (UTE-MRI) quantifications of cortical bone varied between scans at room temperature and body temperature |
1Radiology, University of california, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Several quantitative ultrashort echo time MRI (UTE-MRI) techniques have recently been employed to assess cortical bone microstructure. Such techniques were examined mostly ex vivo at room temperature and demonstrated strong correlations with bone microstructure as measured with micro computed tomography (μCT). However, MRI properties of cortical bone may differ in vivo due to higher temperature. We have investigated several UTE-MRI quantifications of cortical bone at body and room temperatures. Significant variations of bone UTE-MRI measures were observed between room and body temperatures. Implementing a linear correction method on UTE-MRI measures based on the presented results here might improve the validity of the techniques for in vivo studies. |
| 1286 | Computer 28
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1H nuclei compartmentalization, exchange and self-diffusion in cortical bone by one- and two-dimensions NMR in homogeneous and inhomogeneous fields |
1Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy |
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There is increasing interest in the study of water content, compartmentalization, exchange and its interaction with collagen in cortical bone for the evaluation of bone fracture risk. Here, we present the NMR characterization of 1H nuclei signals of the cortical bone. Different components (collagen, lipid, water) and different water compartments are identified measuring NMR properties and self-diffusion coefficients. The exchange between collagen and water protons is observed and an average residence time in the collagen is estimated. The results can contribute to optimize MRI protocols specifically for bone imaging and to characterize the role of water in this tissue. |
| 1287 | Computer 29
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Perfect In-Phase Zero TE for Musculoskeletal Imaging |
1GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden, 2GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 3GE Healthcare, San Diego, CA, United States, 4GE Healthcare, Waukusha, WI, United States |
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Large FOV Zero Echo-Time (ZTE) has been challenging due to chemical shift artifacts, caused primarily by fat water dephasing, for low readout band-widths (rBW). To correct for this Perfect In-Phase ZTE (pipZTE) is proposed where the chemical shift artifact is removed by acquiring data from multiple rBWs, and then separating the signal into an in-phase and off-resonance compartment in the reconstruction. In this work we explore the performance and properties of the pipZTE approach when scanning large FOV and demanding subjects. |
| 1288 | Computer 30
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Comparison of Quantitative MRI Fat-Fraction measurement in SIJ joint on different scanner platforms |
1Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Bath, United Kingdom |
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Proton density fat fraction (PDFF) measurements can quantify oedema and fat metaplasia in patients with spondyloarthritis. The reproducibility of PDFF measurement in the bone marrow of the sacroiliac joint was assessed in volunteers on 3 systems from different manufacturers, using a range of specialist and base-level product protocols. PDFF measurements on different platforms correlate well, but there is also a bias between the base-level and advanced methods. Performing an offline reconstruction with a multi-peak fat model and a T2* correction term reduces this bias. |
| 1289 | Computer 31
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Age Estimation with the Greulich-Pyle Atlas using 3T MR Images of Hand and Wrist |
1Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Clinical Forensic Imaging, Graz, Austria, 2Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 3University Centre of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4University Centre of Legal Medicine, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland, 5Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Basel - Health Department Basel-Stadt, Basel, Switzerland, 6Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratoire national de santé, Dudelange, Luxembourg |
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Bone age estimation of the hand is very common both in a forensic context and for clinical purposes. Currently, this is done by assessing plain X-rays of the hand. This is a controversial issue, especially in the forensic context, as legal proceedings lack a medical indication for the use of ionizing radiation. The aim of the current study was to validate the use of the X-ray based Greulich-Pyle atlas method on hand MR images in a healthy male cohort. The results show that the application of the Greulich-Pyle method is feasible and that it can be used in daily routine. |
| 1290 | Computer 32
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Fatty Acid Composition Assessed By 3T MRI in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
1Radiology, NYU LANGONE HEALTH, New York City, NY, United States, 2Université de Lyon; CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220, Inserm U1206, INSA-Lyon, UCBL Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France, 3Osteoporosis Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU LANGONE HEALTH, New York City, NY, United States |
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, inflammatory disease. Recent studies demonstrated an increased incidence of osteoporosis (OP) and fractures in SLE patients. Glucocorticoids (Gcs) are part of therapy for SLE and have with long-term intake deleterious effects on bone quality leading ultimately to Glucocorticoido-induced-osteoporosis. Our aim was to assess the marrow composition of a SLE population and compare it to that of OP patients, GCs user and young healthy women using 3T Chemical Shift Encoded- MRI (CSE-MRI). |
| 1291 | Computer 33
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Diffusion-Weighted MRI in Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans (JOCD) at 3T |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States |
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Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) may help elucidate the etiology and progression of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) by probing tissue/cellular characteristics of JOCD lesions and the underlying parent bone. In this study, we observed elevated DWI signal and increased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values within and proximal to OCD lesions compared to surrounding bone marrow and control sites. ADC values within the lesion and the parent bone may help distinguish healing from non-healing lesions, thereby improving prognostication of JOCD and clinical decision making. |
| 1292 | Computer 34
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An investigation of the relationship between type II collagen degradation products and MRI features of damage in knee osteoarthritis patients |
1Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom, 2St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Institute of Infection & Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom, 4Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease which produces pain and exhibits damage to cartilage, bone marrow and the development of synovitis. Biomarkers are needed to aid patient stratification for developing improved treatment strategies. We have investigated how type II collagen degradation products (CTX2), which are generated during OA, relate to MRI features of knee damage and patient reported pain. CTX2 was strongly related to synovitis and cartilage damage whereas reported pain was more strongly related to depression and BMI. CTX is thus complementary to pain scores as a marker of OA severity. |
| 1293 | Computer 35
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Prevalence and Clinical Significance of Residual or Reconverted Red Bone Marrow on Knee MRI in Young Adults |
1Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, 2Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, 3Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, 4Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, 5Radiology, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia |
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An abnormal distribution of residual or reconverted red bone marrow (RBM) has been identified on routine knee MRI. We aimed to identify the prevalence and the association between RBM and symptoms and structural abnormalities in a young population (n=327, aged 31-41 years). The presence of RBM in the distal femoral, proximal tibial and fibular metaphysis was graded based on the percentage of the metaphysis occupied (grade 0 to 3). Reconverted or residual RBM around the knee joint was present only among females and always involved the distal femoral region. RBM was associated with overweight measures and knee joint pain. |
| 1294 | Computer 36
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Variation of ADC of skull bone marrow with age and pubertal status in a pediatric population |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom, 3Department of Neuroradiology, Atkinson Morley Regional Neuroscience Centre, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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ADC measurements were possible from the clivus of children. Values showed a significant negative correlation with age. Following puberty, there was a reduction in ADC and a left shift in centile histogram values, likely as a result of fat replacement. This was independent of gender. Bone marrow within the clivus behaves like marrow from tubular bones after puberty, and does not retain a cellular morphology expected from red hematopoietic bone marrow. |
| 1295 | Computer 37
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Trabecular Bone Imaging Using a 3D Adiabatic Inversion Recovery Prepared Ultrashort Echo Time Cones (3D IR-UTE Cones) Sequence |
1Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2GE health care, San Diego, CA, United States, 3VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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The trabecular bone is both functionally and biomechanically important for vertebrates, including humans. Evaluation of trabecular bone provides important information about risk of both osteoporosis and bone fracture. Direct MR imaging of trabecular bone is difficult due to its ultrashort T2* and low water content, resulting in little or no signal when conventional pulse sequences are used. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared UTE Cones (3D IR-UTE-Cones) sequence for volumetric imaging of trabecular bone ex vivo and in vivo on a clinical 3T scanner in clinically acceptable scan times. |
| 1296 | Computer 38
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Comparison of ZTE vs UTE for MR Bone Imaging |
1General Electric, Global MR Applications & Workflow, San Diego, CA, United States, 2UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States, 3VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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We compared different center-out 3D radial trajectories (ZTE and UTE) and assessed their advantages and disadvantages for bone imaging. We found that while ZTE and UTE show similar results at the same read BW, the higher BWs available with UTE can help reduce undesired background signals in the final bone images. |
| 1297 | Computer 39
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Estimating the diagnostic value of IDEAL-IQ for vertebral compression fractures caused by osteoporosis and metastasis |
1Department of Radiology, WeiFang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Wei Fang, Shandong,P.R. China, China, 2WeiFang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Wei Fang, Shandong,P.R. China, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, P.R. China, China |
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Traditional imaging methods are challenging to diagnose the vertebral compression fractures caused by osteoporosis and metastasis. In this study, the iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and the least squares estimation quantification sequence (IDEAL-IQ)technique, as a novel fat quantification technique, was applied to quantitatively determine the bone marrow fat content for the patients with osteoporosis caused and metastasis caused vertebral compression fractures. We found that the fat fraction (FF) and FF ratio of bone marrow fat in the vertebral body lesions of metastasis were significantly reduced compared with the acute compression fractures due to osteoporosis. Therefore, IDEAL-IQ has been proven an effective method for quantitative diagnosis of vertebral compression fractures. |
| 1298 | Computer 40
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Discriminating between normal and cam positive hips using MRI texture and gradient-boosted decision trees |
1Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 3Information Services, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) results in altered biomechanics and acetabular pathology that has been associated with osteoarthritis of the hip. These early changes can be difficult to detect with routine clinical imaging. Texture analysis offers a more quantitative approach for characterizing gray-level patterns. The purpose of this study was to determine the MRI texture profile of acetabular subchondral bone in normal, asymptomatic cam positive and symptomatic cam-FAI hips with the assistance of gradient-boosted decision trees. This work demonstrates that MRI textural features can be used to generate machine learning models that can identify cam positive hips, regardless of symptom status. |
| 1299 | Computer 41
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Optimal flip angle for imaging and T2* mapping of the human skull using ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 3Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 4Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany |
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To investigate the influence of the flip angle on imaging and T2* mapping of the human skull, multi-echo 3D ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging was performed for multiple flip angles ranging from 5° to 49°. Results based on difference images between two echoes indicate that higher flip angles are better suited for separating the skull from adjacent tissues. In addition, a strong dependency of the skulls T2* values on the flip angle was observed |
| 1300 | Computer 42
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3D visualization of the cranial bone using fully automated segmentation based on ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 3Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 4Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany |
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To enable 3D-visualization of the cranial bone based on multi-echo ultra-short echo-time (UTE) data, a fully automated segmentation algorithm is presented. The algorithm concatenates several easy to implement processing steps while taking T2* maps calculated from three or more echoes or difference images calculated from the first two echoes of a UTE sequence as input. Comparison between a CT-based segmentation and the UTE-based segmentation showed very good agreement. The 3D visualization allowed easy assessment of the location and the course of cranial sutures as well as of diploic veins. |
| 1301 | Computer 43
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Quantitative Evaluation of Vertebral Marrow Fat content with Aging in Healthy Human using MRS and Dixon technique |
1Master 's Program of Biomedical Informatics and Biomedical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 407, Taiwan, 2Program of Electrical and Communications Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 407, Taiwan, 3Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 407, Taiwan, 4Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 5Department of Radiology, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taipei, Taiwan |
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Subjects with osteoporosis have increased fat marrow, and fat content also increases progressively in the normal aging people. Although MRS has shown the potential probing the bone marrow content characteristics of the vertebra body in previous studies, all of them were a ROI analysis and loss local information. The purposes of this study were using MRS and Dixon technique to investigate the change of fatty marrow content with aging in human vertebra body. Our results have demonstrated the water-fat separation could quantitate vertebral marrow adiposity, which will be a potential method to provide local information for osteoporosis-related research fields. |
| 1302 | Computer 44
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Evaluating Gadolinium Deposition in Rabbit Cortical Bone by Using Ultrashort Echo Time T1 Mapping: Preliminary Results |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laborary of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guang Zhou, China, 2Imaging department of Southern Medical University affiliated the third hospital, Guang Zhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Guang Zhou, China, 4Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California., San Diego, CA, United States |
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Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA) injection for enhanced MRI can induce gadolinium deposition in bones. In this work we investigated the feasibility of evaluating gadolinium deposition in rabbit cortical bone by using ultrashort echo time (UTE) T1 mapping at 7T. Lower T1 values were observed in the GBCA injection group than those in the control group (341±17.6ms vs. 450±10ms). This preliminary result indicates that UTE T1 mapping may be a feasible technique for evaluating bone gadolinium deposition. |
| 1303 | Computer 45
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HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGING AND QUANTIFICATION OF VASCULATURE WITHIN CORTICAL BONE POROSITY USING DCE-MRI AND HR-pQCT |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Cortical bone porosity is a major determinant of bone strength. However, the causes of pathological pore growth are not well understood. The prevalence of blood vessels or marrow fat in pores may serve as an indicator for vessel- or marrow-driven processes. We present an algorithm to combine high resolution CT for pore identification and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI for blood vessel identification. Using this algorithm, imaged vessels are associated with specific pores and pore content is quantified. |
| 1304 | Computer 46
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Vertebral bone marrow fat content changes in postmenopausal women receiving combined aromatase inhibitor and bisphosphonate therapy after one year |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, München, Germany |
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In recent years in-vivo assessment of vertebral bone marrow (VBM) fat composition has been increasingly used in the investigation of osteoporosis and bone metabolism. Postmenopausal women represent a population of particular interest because they are at higher risk for osteoporosis resulting from estrogen deficiency which can be potentially aggravated by aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy. The present study demonstrated a relative increase in vertebral bone marrow fat content quantified by chemical shift encoding-based water-fat MRI in patients receiving simultaneous AI and bisphosphonate (BP) therapy, contradicting previous findings reported in the literature. |
| 1305 | Computer 47
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Research on the feasibility of MR imaging of patients receiving anterior cervical surgery using MAVRIC SL-STIR sequence at 3T |
1Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Metal implants are now very common in modern joint and spine surgeries. However, conventional MR images are significantly compromised by implant-induced magnetic susceptibility artifacts. A novel metal artifacts reduction technique, termed MAVRIC SL was proposed. The purpose of this study is to evaluate its clinical feasibility and diagnostic value in patients after anterior cervical surgery compared with routine 2D FSE sequence at 3T. As a result, although the image quality of MAVRIC SL is limited at 3T, it can still provide important additional diagnostic information through substantially reduced metal artifacts. |
| 1306 | Computer 48
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Value of zero echo time imaging and CT in diagnosis of bone destruction of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions |
1Radiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China, 2GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical applicability of zero echo time (ZTE) MR and compare the image quality between CT and ZTE imaging of bone tumor and tumor-like lesions. Thirty-six patients including 18 males and 18 females were recruited to undergo ZTE MR and CT. Agreement was assessed between raters and Weight Kappa statistics were performed. The difference of image quality between ZTE and CT imaging were not significant. Our results confirm that ZTE MR imaging provides accurate imaging of bone morphology with CT-like contrast that is not available with standard MR sequences. |
| 1307 | Computer 49
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Evaluation of the effects of age and gender on water-fat composition of the lumbar vertebral bone marrow with magnetic resonance IDEAL-IQ sequence |
1Baoji Center Hospital, Baoji, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, Christmas Island |
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This study revealed the proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of lumbar vertebral bone marrow in different age groups and gender of normal adults using iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares estimation (IDEAL) technique. We demonstrated significant differences of lumbar vertebral bone marrow PDFF across three age groups. Particularly, the highest PDFF was found in the oldest group. We also found a moderate positive correlation between age and PDFF, while the correlation was higher in female than in male. Taken together, our findings pave the way for exploring age-related lumbar vertebral diseases and metabolic disorders. |
| 1308 | Computer 50
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7T Arterial Spin Labeling Imaging of Epiphyseal Bone Marrow in Distal Femoral Condyle – A Feasibility Study |
1Radiology-Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Perfusion imaging of epiphyseal bone marrow in the distal femoral condyle can provide valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of knee injuries or diseases, and has a great potential to facilitate the management of developmental knee diseases. A previous study at 3T indicated that low perfusion signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) imposed a great challenge to achieve high-quality bone marrow arterial spin labeling (ASL) images. 7T can benefit ASL imaging due to greatly increased blood T1 and imaging SNR. The presented study evaluated the feasibility and challenges of epiphyseal bone marrow ASL imaging in the distal femur at 7T. |
| 1309
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Computer 51
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Transfer Learning in Hip MRI Segmentation: Geometry Is More Important Than Contrast |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francsico, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 3Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California, San Francsico, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Transfer learning for medical image segmentation tasks is a promising technique that has the potential to overcome the challenges posed by limited training data. In this study we investigate the contribution of geometrically-similar and contrast-similar features for transfer learning to a hip MR segmentation task. We show pretraining with a geometrically similar task leads to more rapid convergence, can stabilize segmentation accuracy as datasets become reduced in size, and leads to more reliable biomarker extraction. |
| 1310 | Computer 52
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BEES Knees: Bilateral Expedited Exam Supporting Quantitative Imaging of Knees |
1Radiology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease that commonly affects bilateral joints. This study combined simultaneous bilateral knee MRI with an automatic image processing for faster acquisition to image biomarker extraction. Simultaneous bilateral knee MRIs of 5 healthy volunteers was compared to singularly acquired knee images. Isotropic 3D CUBE FSE were used to automatically segment cartilage. Voxel based relaxometry from 3D combined T1ρ/T2 was evaluated for both types of acquisition. Our results show the ability of dual coil configuration allows for high resolution isotropic images, while also retaining the accuracy of quantitative data when compared to singly acquired bilateral knees. |
| 1311
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Computer 53
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Quantitative Articular Cartilage Assessment in Patients with Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans (JOCD) at 3T MRI |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States |
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Juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) is a disease affecting the knee joint of young active patients that can lead to early osteoarthritic changes. JOCD lesions are formed deep to the articular cartilage with late changes in the overlying articular cartilage. Our study was motivated by clinical observations that the opposing articular cartilage might be affected early. In this study, we observed a significant increase in T2* relaxation times in the articular cartilage of the medial tibia directly opposing the lesions when compared to the control region on the lateral site. These findings might indicate compositional changes in the tibial cartilage matrix due to increased biomechanical loading. Further study of T2* mapping as a potentially clinically realizable method to stage and prognosticate JOCD are warranted. |
| 1312 | Computer 54
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Diffusion Tractography of the Rat Knee at Microscopic Resolution |
1Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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Application of DTI to map the complex collagen fibril structures in preclinical studies of the knee joint is still challenging, due to the limited spatial resolution previously used, relative low FA values, and relatively low signal-to-noise (SNR). We imaged the rat knees in a preclinical 9.4 T system with powerful gradients (2000 mT/m) to minimize TE. A modified 3D diffusion-weighted spin-echo pulse sequence was used to achieve isotropic spatial resolution at microscopic scale. |
| 1313 | Computer 55
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Assessment of the Angular Dependence of 3D Ultrashort Echo Time Cones Adiabatic T1ρ (3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ) Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China, 3Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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In this study we aimed to evaluate the magic angle sensitivity of the 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ sequence in imaging the cadaveric human Achilles tendon and patellar cartilage samples on a clinical 3T scanner. The 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ shows much reduced magic angle effect than regular T1ρ and T2*. The superficial layers show reduced magic angle effect compared to the middle and deep layers of articular cartilage. The 3D UTE-Cones-AdiabT1ρ sequence may provide magic angle insensitive evaluation of all the major knee joint tissues, thus providing a truly “whole-organ” approach for more accurate diagnosis of early OA. |
| 1314 | Computer 56
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T1ρ at low spin-lock amplitudes is more sensitive to degenerative changes in articular cartilage |
1Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 2Medical Research Center, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, 3Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 4Diagnostic Imaging Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland, 5Department of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, 6Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 7School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 8Department of Diagnostics Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland |
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In this study, continuous wave T1ρ scans at various spin-lock amplitudes (γB1 = 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000 and 2000 Hz) were utilized to evaluate multiple articular cartilage regions at increasing distances from a surgically induced lesion in equine specimens. Significant differences were observed between regions adjacent and distant to the lesion, and the differences between the compared sites were larger at lower spin-lock amplitudes. The variations were in agreement with biomechanical properties (determined via indentation testing) of the regions. The findings suggest that T1ρ at low spin-lock amplitudes is more responsive to progressive alterations in articular cartilage. |
| 1315 | Computer 57
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UTE-based adiabatic T1ρ is sensitive to enzymatic proteoglygan degradation in human articular cartilage |
1Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 3Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Orthopaedic Surgery Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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A series of quantitative UTE techniques have been developed to assess articular cartilage. The early stage of osteoarthritis is characterized by proteoglycan (PG) loss in cartilage. This study aimed to determine if quantitative UTE-based biomarkers are sensitive to PG loss induced by chondroitinase ABC in cadaveric human cartilage. Pure cartilage wafers were exposed to sequential enzymatic digestion. MR imaging was performed before and after sequential digestion. PG loss was observed after digestion, with a corresponding increase in UTE adiabatic T1ρ values as compared to controls. |
| 1316 | Computer 58
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Cartilage T2 Mapping of the Knee Using Fast Spin-Echo Multi-Band Acceleration |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 2Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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A T2 mapping sequence was performed in the axial and sagittal planes with multi-band (MB) acceleration (T2-MB) and without MB acceleration (T2) on the knees of seven healthy volunteers and three subjects with knee osteoarthritis at 3.0T. The use of MB acceleration provided a 50% reduction in scan time. The T2 and T2-MB sequences showed very similar pixel-by-pixel patellar cartilage T2 values in the axial plane and very similar regional knee joint cartilage T2 values in the sagittal plane for all subjects. However, there was a slight bias toward lower cartilage T2 values when using MB acceleration. |
| 1317 | Computer 59
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Quantitative hip cartilage MRI of patients with hip dysplasia: Evaluation of dGEMRIC, T1ρ and T2* mapping |
1Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 3Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a common risk factor of early osteoarthritis. Knowledge of the molecular health of cartilage using quantitative MR methods could diagnose and stage the disease and may also allow for treatment stratification. In this study, we evaluated and compared three different biochemical sensitive MR methods (dGEMRIC, T1ρ and T2*) for cartilage imaging on patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip. Quantitative T1ρ as well as T2* mapping of the hip cartilage correlated significantly with the dGEMRIC method and could possibly replace the contrast-based method. |
| 1318 | Computer 60
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Longitudinal T1ρ mapping of contralateral hip in patients with unilateral cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) |
1Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 3Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 4Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a major cause of hip osteoarthritis. Quantitative T1ρ MRI has the potential to detect early cartilage degeneration due to its sensitivity to proteoglycan. In this study we performed longitudinally (124 days (average) after surgery and 4.8 years (average) follow up) T1ρ mapping in patients with bilateral (symptomatic and asymptomatic) cam-type FAI on the asymptomatic side after the symptomatic cam-FAI was surgically corrected. The cartilage of the contralateral hip did not show significant proteoglycan depletion and therefore no further degeneration between the initial and the follow up scan was detected. The contralateral hips remained stable. |
| 1319 | Computer 61
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Multiple-echo steady-state (MESS): Simultaneous water-fat separation, $$$T_2$$$, $$$T_2^{'}$$$, and $$$T_2^*$$$ mapping in the knee at 3 tesla |
1Image Sciences Institute, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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This study proposes an extension of the double-echo steady-state (DESS) sequence to include multiple readouts. This multiple-echo steady-state (MESS) sequence supports quantification of water, fat, $$$T_2$$$, $$$T_2^{'}$$$, and $$$T_2^*$$$ in a single, efficient acquisition. These parameters may provide additional tissue-specific MRI biomarkers for early detection and grading of osteoarthritis (OA), on top of the $$$T_2$$$ quantification of cartilage provided by the DESS sequence. In vivo results show that parameter quantification using MESS corresponds well with quantification on water-selective DESS images. |
| 1320 | Computer 62
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Evaluating the Relationship Between gagCEST MRI and Cartilage Biochemical Composition in Juvenile Bovine Articular Cartilage |
1Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Chemical exchange saturation transfer of glycosaminoglycans (gagCEST) is a quantitative MR technique with potential for detecting early changes in cartilage composition. However, its relationship to tissue glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content has not yet been validated using standard biochemical assays. Here, we examine the relationship between gagCEST at 3T and 7T to cartilage biochemical properties using immature bovine femoral cartilage. Comparison of deep and superficial gagCEST asymmetry maps suggest that while gagCEST reflects the laminar differences in biochemical GAG composition, there is a weak correlation between gagCEST asymmetry and GAG content at 7T and 3T. |
| 1321 | Computer 63
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Assessment of Cartilage pH Using AcidoCEST-UTE MRI at 3T with Histological Correlation |
1University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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The poor correlation between structural abnormalities of osteoarthritis (OA) and OA pain complicates treatment and pain management. Acidosis is heavily implicated in pain, and thus may be used to identify areas of pain not associated with structural damage. In this study, we used a pH-sensitive imaging method known as chemical exchange saturation transfer (acidoCEST) MRI to assess acidosis in cadaveric cartilage tissue and assess the relationship between pH and osteochondral vascularity as determined on histology. We show that acidoCEST MRI can measure extracellular pH (pHe) in cartilage, enabling further studies into the complex relationship between acidification, osteochondral channels, and pain. |
| 1322 | Computer 64
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Detecting Early Changes in ACL-Reconstructed Knee Cartilage: Cluster Analysis of T2 Relaxation Times in Superficial and Deep Cartilage and ADC Analysis |
1Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 5Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 6Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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ACL-injured subjects are at an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis. There is a need to detect early osteoarthritic changes for the development of treatments that can slow or stop osteoarthritis progression. T2 and ADC are considered reflective of the structure and composition of cartilage, and may be valuable for detecting early osteoarthritis. This study used two qDESS acquisitions to obtain T2 and ADC maps in 10 ACL-reconstructed subjects and 10 controls 3-weeks, 3-months and 9-months post-surgery. Our results show that T2 cluster analysis was able to detect changes to the ACL-reconstructed knee as early as 3-months post-surgery. |
| 1323 | Computer 65
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T1ρ Relaxation of Human Articular Cartilage Using Time-fractional Order Model |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, HongKong, China, 4Research Center for Medical AI, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China |
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T1ρ imaging is a promising non-invasive diagnostic tool for early detection of articular cartilage degeneration. A mono-exponential model is normally used to describe the T1ρ relaxation process. However, mono-exponentials may not adequately to describe NMR relaxation in complex, heterogeneous, and anisotropic materials, such as articular cartilage. Fractional-order models have been successfully used to describe complex relaxation phenomena in the laboratory frame in cartilage matrix components. In this work, we develop a time-fractional order (T-FACT) model to analyze T1ρ relaxation in human articular cartilage. The results show the proposed method can better represent the T1ρ relaxation in human articular cartilage. |
| 1324 | Computer 66
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ARCADE: An efficient anisotropic $$$R_2$$$ relaxation mapping for human knee cartilage at 3T |
1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2School of Kinesiology and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Water proton $$$R_2$$$ relaxation in cartilage at 3T contains both an isotropic and an anisotropic contributions, with the latter being more sensitive to degenerative changes. A composite relaxation ($$$R_2-R_{1ρ}$$$) mapping could be used to separate two contributions; however, its lengthy protocol had prevented it from being adopted in clinical applications. Here, we propose an efficient alternative based on a single T2W sagittal image to isolate an anisotropic $$$R_2$$$ and compare it with $$$R_2-R_{1ρ}$$$ on five live human knees. The comparable results demonstrate that the developed method could be easily used in clinical studies to characterize anisotropic $$$R_2$$$ of articular cartilage. |
| 1325 | Computer 67
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Toward an orientation-independent MR relaxation metric from $$$R_{1ρ}$$$ dispersion in articular cartilage |
1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Residual dipolar interaction is the dominant mechanism for $$$R_2$$$ relaxation in cartilage, leading to the well-known "magic angle effect" observed in clinical MR imaging that makes reliable diagnostics challenging. Here, we show that the orientation-dependent factor in $$$R_2$$$ could be eliminated by a correlation time $$$τ_b$$$ derived from $$$R_{1ρ}$$$ dispersion in terms of order parameter. This predication was tested on orientated bovine patellar cartilage specimens at 9.4T and on one live human knee at 3T. The preliminary data showed that the derived anisotropic $$$R_2$$$ and $$$τ_b$$$ had respectively significantly high and moderate positive correlations in good agreement with the predication. |
| 1326 | Computer 68
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Simultaneous image super-resolution and contrast synthesis techniques applied to routine clinical magnetic resonance images of the knee for advanced automated processing of joint cartilage |
1AeHRC, CSIRO, Brisbane, Australia, 2ITACA institute, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain, 3University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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While high resolution 3D MR images are well suited for automated cartilage segmentation in the human knee joint, they are not routinely acquired in clinical practice which limits opportunities for reliable segmentation of cartilage using automated algorithms. We propose a neural network for generating synthetic MR images with enhanced contrast and higher spatial resolution from routine, low resolution clinical knee scans. Segmentation results showed that accurate cartilage segmentation can be obtained using the synthesised images. |
| 1327 | Computer 69
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Localization of the bright ultra-short echo time MRI signal at the osteochondral interface |
1Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 2Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 3Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland |
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In this study, we investigated the bright signal feature that has been observed at the bone-cartilage interface using ultrashort echo time imaging sequences. We used micro-CT imaging of the same specimens to locate the origin of the signal in SWIFT-MRI images. The results indicated that the bright signal originates from the deep non-calcified cartilage region instead of the calcified cartilage, which has been previously hypothesized to be part of the signal location. The physiological origin of this signal as well as its role in the diagnosis of osteoarthritis remains to be evaluated. |
| 1328 | Computer 70
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Diagnostic performance of three-dimensional fast-spin echo(3D MATRIX) accelerated with compressed sensing(CS) for internal injury of the knee |
1Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China |
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We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a three-dimensional fast-spin echo(3D MATRIX) accelerated with compressed sensing(CS) for internal injury of the knee joint.Sixty-two knee joints with trauma were examined at 3T MRI system including conventional 2D FSE protocol and 3D MATRIX before arthroscopic operations. Signal-to-noise ratio(SNR), contrast signal-to-noise ratio(CNR) and diagnostic performance were compared between two sequences. We found that 3D MATRIX had significantly higher SNR and CNR, and provided higher sensitivity but lower specificity for diagnosing cartilage injury compared to conventional 2D FSE. And the two sequences had similar diagnostic performance for ACL and meniscus tear. |
| 1329 | Computer 71
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Comparison of Single-Component and Multi-Component T2 Parameters and Mechanical Parameters of Human Patellar Cartilage at 3.0T |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Radiology, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Multi-component Driven Equilibrium Single Pulse Observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) was used to measure single-component T2 relaxation time (T2Single) and the fraction of the fast relaxing macromolecular bound water component (FF) of 24 human patellar cartilage samples at 3.0T. The cartilage samples underwent unconfined compression testing to measure linear modulus and energy dissipation at 0.01Hz and 10Hz. There were low and marginally statistically significant (p=0.052-0.084) negative correlations between T2Single and linear modulus and energy dissipation. There were moderate and statistically significant (p<0.002) positive correlations between FF and linear modulus and energy dissipation. |
| 1330 | Computer 72
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MRI texture analysis of vertebral subchondral bone |
1Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 3GE Healthcare China, Bejing, China |
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The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of MRI texture analysis as a method of quantifying vertebral subchondral bone (VSB) in early intervertebral disk degeneration (IDD). Sagittal T1WI, T2WI and T2* mapping images of lumbar vertebra were scanned at 3T MRI. Texture parameter values(mean, variance, skewness, correlation and entropy) of VSB (on T1WI) and T2* value of CEP were used for statistical evaluations. It was found that Significant differences in VSB texture parameters (mean ,variance and entropy) and T2* value of CEP were demonstrated between groups at the cephalic and caudal. Accordingly, texture parameter-mean showed significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than other texture parameters (variance and entropy) and T2* value for differentiating early IDD. MRI texture analysis can be used to assess human lumbar early IDD. |
| 1331 | Computer 73
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gagCEST effect strongly depends on GAG molecular composition |
1Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden, 2Orthopaedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 3Lund University Bioimaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 5Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden |
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gagCEST has been suggested as a method for in vivo evaluation of cartilage GAG content. The main type of GAG in cartilage is chondroitin sulfate (CS), most commonly CS-A and CS-C. Validation of gagCEST have mostly been performed using CS-A but the main type in mature human articular cartilage is CS-C. In this study we evaluate the gagCEST effect from GAG in different forms. Our results indicate that mainly CS-A is contributing to gagCEST effect in cartilage, while no or little effect is seen from CS-C. gagCEST may therefore not correctly reflect the GAG content of human articular cartilage. |
| 1332 | Computer 74
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Rapid Quantitative Simultaneous Bilateral Knee Imaging with Fully Automated Femoral Cartilage Analysis: Toward Knee Asymmetry Evaluation. |
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 2Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Quantitative bilateral knee MRI and whole femoral cartilage analysis is currently limited by costs and scan time. We propose a rapid, simultaneous bilateral knee MRI protocol followed by a fully automated pipeline to perform quantitative T2 analysis of the whole femoral cartilage plate of both knees. Five healthy subjects and a subject with an ACL reconstruction were scanned in this study and the results demonstrated high scan-rescan repeatability and a good agreement between manual and automatic segmentation. The proposed acquisition method with automated analysis may make bilateral imaging more feasible and efficient for use in longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. |
| 1333 | Computer 75
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Short-Term Effects of Running on T2 Relaxation Times of Femoral Cartilage in Female Runners |
1Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 3Bioengineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 4Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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This study tracks changes in water content in femoral cartilage from running by comparing T2 relaxation times of cartilage at baseline, time 0, and time 60 minutes post-run. Significant decreases in T2 relaxation times between baseline and time 0/time 60 minutes post-run scans occurred in superficial and deep cartilage, and a significant increase in T2 relaxation time occurred between time 0 and time 60 minutes post-run scans in deep cartilage, suggesting a reduction and partial recovery of cartilage water content. This study demonstrates the high sensitivity of T2 to cartilage loading patterns during running and supports the potential of using this setup as a method for identifying early changes in cartilage health. |
| 1334 | Computer 76
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Evaluation of input data and UNet based convolutional network architectures for automated muscle annotation in 2D and 3D |
1Department of Radiology, University medical center utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Department of Neurology BG, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany, 3Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Dept of Radiology, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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Manual annotation of muscle is still one of the most time-consuming steps in skeletal muscle MRI research. In this study we have investigated three aspects of automated muscle annotation using deep convolutional networks. First, we directly compare five different network architectures. Second, we compare the effect of providing various input data all based on Dixon imaging. Third, we investigate the effect of the amount of training data provided to the network. In summary we found that UNet-like convolutional networks allow for accurate and precise annotation of calf muscle in 2D and 3D and that the data provided is the strongest predictor of success. |
| 1335 | Computer 77
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Assessing diffuse muscle fibrosis by ECV estimation, T1 and T2 relaxometry in a non-dystrophic murine model |
1NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/MIRCen, Paris, France |
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Skeletal muscle fibrosis, a key pathological feature in muscle disorders, is still inaccessible by NMR. In this study, we investigated the effects of diffuse muscle fibrosis on T2, natT1, and extracellular volume (ECV, estimated from muscle and plasma T1 pre and post-Gd injection). In order to reduce interfering effects with fibrosis, we developed a new non-dystrophic mouse model with increased muscle fibrosis, but limited levels of inflammation and no fat infiltration. A positive correlation between ECV and collagen content could be observed. Collagen content presented a weak positive correlation with T1, and a weak but significant negative correlation with T2. |
| 1336 | Computer 78
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Longitudinal Analysis of Spontaneous Mechanical Activities in Resting Leg Musculature Assessed by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: Preliminary Results |
1Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 2Institute of Signal Processing and System Theory, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 3School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 4Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases (IDM) of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 5German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Tübingen, Germany, 6Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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Accurate quantification and grading of spontaneous mechanical activity of musculature of healthy and non-healthy subjects as measurable by single-shot diffusion-sensitive MRI requires certain long-term stability in order to reflect changes in the underlying muscular condition. Up to now, no longitudinal studies have been conducted, thus short- as well as long-term variation in the same subject under examination is unknown. This work examines the impact of the time of day when the examination takes places as well as long-term changes over 23-62 months in several subjects. |
| 1337 | Computer 79
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IVIM imaging of muscle following moderate and high-intensity exercise |
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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IVIM imaging provides insight into microvascular blood flow. Here, we investigate IVIM parameters following moderate and high-intensity exercise protocols, activating the plantar flexors and dorsiflexors of the leg. By interleaving b=0 images throughout the diffusion-weighted acquisition, we were additionally able to evaluate T2 changes following exercise. We observed an increase in T2 and diffusion coefficient, D, following high-intensity exercise. Changes were less obvious following moderate-intensity exercise. |
| 1338 | Computer 80
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Pulse sequence and reconstruction methods for extraction of spatial variation in multicomponent T2 relaxation for diagnosis of fluid and muscle disorders |
1Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2David H. Koch Institute For Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Significant unmet diagnostic need exists for diseases characterized by changes in T2 relaxation properties of tissue, especially those related to changes in fluid volume status and muscle disorders. Current methods for quantifying these disorders, such as MRI, are resource-intensive limiting widespread adoption. We introduce a novel method of quantitative tissue separation using single-sided magnetic resonance sensors. We explore pulse sequences and fitting techniques to characterize distinct tissue compartments in heterogeneous samples. We then extend these techniques to in vitro and in vivo models, and we finally apply them to measure the progression of acute muscle edema in an animal model. |
| 1339 | Computer 81
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Fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscles is associated with bone mineral density of lumbar spine |
1The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Orthopaedic Hospital of Guangdong Province), guangzhou, China, 2Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, NY, NY, United States, 3The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sen Univeristy, zhuhai, China |
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Paraspinal muscle fatty infiltration (FI) is an important factor affecting spinal function. However, there is no previous study investigating the relationship between paraspinal muscle FF and spinal BMD. Our study demonstrated that fat fractions of erector |
| 1340 | Computer 82
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Quantitative evaluation and correlation analysis withperiacetabular muscle MRI in children with Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) |
1Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, 2Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, Liaoning Electric Power Center Hospital, Shenyang, China, 4Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, 5Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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This work compared theperiacetabular skeletal muscle between the healthy and the affected sides for the slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) patients using MRI. The correlation was studied between the disease progression and the muscle atrophy or fat infiltration to provide a potential criteria in MR images for the |
| 1341 | Computer 83
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Permanent and non-permanent changes of skeletal muscle diffusion properties in triathletes and non-athletes detected by diffusion tensor imaging and T2 mapping |
1Radiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany, 3Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Radiology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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The combined application of MRI Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and T2 mapping in professional triathletes and healthy controls at rest and hours after triathlon enables the detection of changes induced in skeletal muscle diffusion properties, and thus microstructure, caused by daily professional training and intensive exercise. |
| 1342 | Computer 84
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A preliminary study on the correlation between fat infiltration and muscle asymmetry in lumbar intervertebral disc herniation by using IDEAL-IQ |
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Bei Jing, China |
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Disc herniation is one of the most common conditions of the lumbar spine.More and more people are suffering from this symptoms.Our study focused on fat infiltration of bilateral lumbar multifidus muscle in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Based on the IDEAI-IQ technology, proton density fat fraction of lumbar multifidus muscle is evaluted. The preliminary results show that the degree of fat infiltration in the lumbar spine protrusion is relatively higher in the herniated side than contralateral side.Our results can reflect the degree of fat infiltration quantitatively, which can be further expanded into the quantitative classification of different populations and different causes. |
| 1343 | Computer 85
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Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) Perfusion Imaging of the Shoulder Muscles Activated by Tennis Playing: Initial Results |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 2University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 3Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland |
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Playing tennis involves complex simultaneous motion patterns of several muscles of the shoulder. Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) perfusion imaging offers the possibility to map muscle activation by measuring changes in local blood flow. In this preliminary work four healthy right-handed volunteers were examined after tennis exercises using IVIM perfusion imaging. The results indicate a particular use of m. subscapularis and m. pectoralis major during forehand strokes and of the of m. subscapularis during service. |
| 1344 | Computer 86
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Changes in strain tensor resulting from atrophy induced by Unilateral Limb Suspension of the calf muscle. |
1Physics, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Physics, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Kanagawa University, Yokohama, Japan, 4Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States |
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We quantified 3D strain tensor in the principle and muscle fiber basis along with two invariants (volumetric and octahedral shear strain) from multi-slice velocity encoded phase contrast images of the in-vivo human calf muscle under isometric contractions. Significant decreases in the medial gastrocnemius and soleus contractile strain eigenvalue and in the invariants with suspension may potentially arise from changes in muscle contractility and/or from extracellular remodeling. The significant reduction in shear strain may indicate a decrease in lateral transmission of force that may account for the disproportionate loss of force to loss of mass with atrophy. |
| 1345 | Computer 87
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Creatine and phosphocreatine mapping of mouse skeletal muscle by a polynomial and Lorentzian line-shape fitting CEST method |
1F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Kriger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Wild type (WT) mice and Guanidinoacetate N-Methyltransferase deficiency (GAMT-/-) mice that have low Cr and PCr concentrations in muscle were used to assign the Cr and PCr peaks in the skeletal muscle Z-spectrum. A PLOF method was proposed to simultaneously extract and quantify the Cr and PCr CEST signal by assuming two Lorentzian functions for the Cr and PCr peaks and a polynomial function for the background signal. High-resolution PCr and Cr maps of mouse skeletal muscle were obtained by the PLOF CEST method after calibration with in vivo MRS. |
| 1346 | Computer 88
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Intramuscular magnesium measured by 31P-MRS is more closely associated with age and muscle function than is serum magnesium |
1National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom, 3Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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We evaluate the relationships between muscle strength and intramuscular magnesium, measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS), or serum magnesium. We further evaluate the relationships between these measures of magnesium status and age, sex, and muscle strength. Data were collected from participants in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, a large cohort of normatively aging subjects encompassing a broad age range. Results showed that intramuscular magnesium was more closely associated with age and muscle function than was serum magnesium and may therefore represent a better clinical measure of magnesium status. |
| 1347 | Computer 89
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Spatial heterogeneities of calf muscle perfusion and its implications |
1Internal Medicine, University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 3University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 4University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States, 5Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake CIty, UT, United States, 6Health Platform, Verily, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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For the study groups of young healthy subjects, aged healthy subjects and peripheral artery disease patients, we measured exercise-stimulated perfusion in calf muscles using both T1-weighted DCE MRI. We found that the heterogeneity and texture complexity of calf muscle (specifically, the medial gastrocnemius and soleus muscle groups) perfusion decreased with exercise load among the young healthy subjects, and decreased with age among all healthy subjects. In addition, the heterogeneity of the calf muscle perfusion is greater among young healthy subjects when compared with peripheral artery disease patients. |
| 1348 | Computer 90
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How to segment muscle images using qNMRI to obtain the highest discriminant power in natural history studies of muscle diseases in adult patients? |
1NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology, Paris, France, 2NMR Laboratory, CEA, DRF, IBFJ, MIRCen, Paris, France |
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Fat fraction (FF), as calculated from water-fat (Dixon) NMR images, is a largely accepted, if not fully validated, muscle imaging biomarker, which has been proposed as an outcome measure in most neuromuscular disorders these last few years. The question remains, however, as to whether specific muscle or muscle groups should be taken into consideration for longitudinal evaluation in specific neuromuscular diseases. Here, we looked into a cohort of patients suffering from three different neuromuscular disorders: immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, (sporadic) inclusion body myositis and GNE myopathy. The aim of this work was to compare whole-segment FF with individual muscle and muscle group FF values and identify the most efficient procedure to quantify disease progression, by comparing the standardized response means. |
| 1349 | Computer 91
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T2, MTR, and diffusion tensor quantitative MRI methods reliably monitor AAV-mediated gene therapy treatment in a murine muscular dystrophy model |
1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Herein we investigate the capability of multi-parametric MRI to reliably and decisively monitor both minute qualitative and quantitative changes in the skeletal muscle microenvironment in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse model, namely mdx4Cv. Through the use of an assortment of pulse sequences, including T2, magnetization transfer ratio, and diffusion tensor imaging, the progression of a recombinant adeno-associated viral vector treatment, by the delivery of a truncated micro-dystrophin gene, is monitored in these mice and better understood. This study fundamentally seeks to understand and confirm the practicality of MRI as a diagnostic and prognostic measure in muscular dystrophy models. |
| 1350 | Computer 92
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Longitudinal evaluation of myofiber microstructural changes in an ALS model using MR Cytography |
1Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States |
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal upper and lower motor neuron degradation disease that leads to progressive myofiber abnormalities (e.g. decreased size and distribution). With recently FDA-cleared treatments, it is critical to identify non-invasive biomarkers of early disease onset, progression and therapy response. In this study, we validate the potential of a recently developed MR Cytography approach to detect myofiber microstructural changes in an ALS mouse model over three time points by comparison to relevant histologic markers. |
| 1351 | Computer 93
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MRI Differentiation of Morel-Lavallee Lesions from Prepatellar Bursitis |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Differentiation of prepatellar bursitis from post-traumatic degloving injuries (Morel-Lavallee lesions) about the knee can occasionally present a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians and radiologists, although several features have been described as suggestive of a MLL etiology.
Our study adds to the evidence suggesting that intralesional fat globules and fluid extension beyond the confines of the normal prepatellar bursa are common findings in MLL lesions about the knee and suggestive that a lesion is unlikely to be an isolated prepatellar bursitis. |
| 1352 | Computer 94
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A 1x1x1mm isotropic resolution CUBE-FLEX for imaging piriformis syndrome |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Piriformis syndrome is one of the more common causes for sciatica-type symptoms, defined as impingement of the sciatic nerve by the piriformis muscle. MRI can be very useful in identifying the causative anatomic configuration for presurgical planning, but the conventional 2D sequences can be very challenging for the evaluation of the complex oblique anatomy of the piriformis muscle and sciatic nerve. We present a 5-minute isotropic resolution (1mm3) 3D fast-spin-echo sequence with fat-water separation, allowing arbitrary reformats to specify the causative anatomy as well as T2-weighted contrast to detect abnormal signal of the nerve in the context of associated neuropathy. |
| 1353 | Computer 95
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High resolution assessment of intramuscular fat content in the calf using T2-weighted MRI |
1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Verily Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Intramuscular fat is an important indicator of the health of the lower extremities. It can be difficult with conventional Dixon techniques to acquire high resolution fat-fraction maps, which may be helpful for detailed analysis of the muscle tissue. We propose to use a linear model to generate a high resolution fat-fraction map from high resolution T2-weighted images. The results show that the proposed method and the conventional Dixon method have good agreement. The high resolution fat fraction maps generated with the proposed method reveal anatomic details of intramuscular fat not visible with the conventional method. |
| 1354 | Computer 96
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Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-based fat signal fraction quantification of paraspinal back muscle: Comparison of T1, T2 and gradient-echo m-Dixon method |
1Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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To compare the T1 and T2 m-dixon sequences with GRE mdixon sequence in FF quantification of paraspinal muscles and to evaluate the association of all sequences in FF quantification. Fat fraction quantification of the paraspinal muscles on three m-Dixon MR sequences were different from one another. But, they have the same tendency and strong correlation. |
| 1355 | Computer 97
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A quantitative and clinical evaluation of nerve root in lumbosacral radiculopathy using diffusion tensor imaging |
1The First Affiliated Hospital With Nanjing Medical University, NanJing, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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In this study, we aimed to investigate if diffusion tensor imaging technique can quantitatively evaluate nerve root in lumbosacral radiculopathy by measuring MR fractional anisotropy (FA) values. By measuring 34 patients with unilateral disc related lumbosacral nerve root compression, we found that the mean FA value of nerve root correlate significantly with JOA score that is performed on the clinical function of the patients. Therefore, we can demonstrate that DTI can quantitatively and clinically evaluate nerve root by measuring FA values in disc related lumbosacral radiculopathy. |
| 1356 | Computer 98
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Evaluation of the risk of osteoporosis in diabetic patients by IDEAL-IQ |
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Osteoporosis is characterized by "decreased bone strength and increased risk of fracture”. Osteoporosis caused by diabetes is metabolized caused by decreased bone mass, bone microstructural destruction, increased bone fragility and prone to fracture. It is found that IDEAL-IQ can monitor bone marrow fat changes, diagnose bone marrow lesions or evaluate their functional status. |
| 1357 | Computer 99
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Evaluation of local changes in femoral bone marrow during a mountain ultra-marathon with quantitative MRI |
1Univ Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F-42023, Saint-Etienne, France, 2Univ Lyon, INSA‐Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F-69621, Villeurbanne, France, 3Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France |
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This study investigates the local changes in femoral bone marrow in a longitudinal MRI dataset of mountain ultra-marathon runners acquired during the Tor des Géants 2014 based on the MRI quantitative metrics with a rigorous statistical analysis procedure. The results highlight the different characteristics of different quantitative metrics that provides multiple insights into the data and open various perspectives for further analysis. |
| 1358 | Computer 100
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MR evaluation of hips following surgical reduction for developmental hip dysplasia: Are there quantitative and qualitative predictors of avascular necrosis? |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, philadelphia, PA, United States |
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The purpose of our study is to investigate whether there are qualitative and quantitative imaging markers on the post reduction MR study that can predict the development of AVN using follow-up pelvic radiographs as reference standards. Post-reduction contrast-enhanced MR studies from thirty-seven infants with unilateral DDH were retrospectively reviewed which showed focally (27%) or globally decreased femoral head enhancement (22%). None of the clinical and imaging markers, including both qualitative and quantitative imaging factors present on the post reduction contrast-enhanced MR, can predict the future development of AVN, which sheds light on our incomplete understanding of the underlying pathophysiology. |
| 1359 | Computer 101
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Quantitative comparison of conventional and synthetic MRI for cortical and trabecular bone architecture: ex vivo study of bovine coccyx |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan |
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Synthetic MRI has recently been shown to offer comparable performance to conventional pulse sequences in the assessment of intracranial abnormalities with greater time efficiency. We assessed the capability to predict bone architecture from MRI by comparing T1 and T2 relaxation times calculated by conventional and synthetic MRI and bone indices determined by micro-CT using bovine coccyx. This experimental study demonstrated that cortical porosity was significantly correlated with the cortical bone T2 relaxation time calculated from synthetic MRI. Synthetic MRI is feasible for assessing bone architecture and bone quality in clinically relevant acquisition time without radiation exposure. |
| 1360 | Computer 102
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A fully automatic and robust system for quantitative measurement of lumbar curvature |
1Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, beijing, China, 2College of Engineering, Peking University, beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, beijing, China |
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The change of lumbar curvature is used as the intuitionistic reflection for nearly all lumbar spine lesions, such as low back pain. Although several automatic segmentation methods have been proposed for the lumbar spine, those techniques cannot be directly applied to the diagnosis of spinal lesions due to the lack of quantitative estimation in lumbar curvature. In this study, by using a machine learning strategy, we designed an analysis pipeline and developed a fully automated measurement system of lumbar curvature, then validated it against a dataset of 45 subjects with T2w images. |
| 1361 | Computer 103
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Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Outperforms Monoexponential and Kurtosis Models of Diffusion Attenuation in Normal and Inflamed Bone Marrow |
1Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Magnetic Resonance Imaging Physics, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Recently, there has been interest in the use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for quantifying inflammation of the skeleton. In spondyloarthritis, inflammatory exudates in the bone marrow increase the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), likely reflecting increased extracellular water. However, the ADC is a simplistic ‘summary’ measure and fails to disentangle the complex pathophysiological changes occurring at inflamed sites. Here, we show that the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model captures both the rapid ‘perfusion’ component and the slower ‘tissue’ components of the bone marrow diffusion signal, and thus provides a more accurate description of the signal than monoexponential and kurtosis models. |
| 1362 | Computer 104
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Percentage fat fraction in magnetic resonance imaging: an upgrade of the osteoporosis detecting parameter |
1Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an，Shaanxi, China, 2First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China |
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The diagnosis of osteoporosis (OP) is mainly based on orthopedic imaging approaches. The percentage fat fraction (FF%) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to be used to predict and diagnose OP. In both 1-H MRS and mDIXON Quant MRI, the FF% exhibited a negative correlation with BMD. Among the three groups, the OP patients had significantly higher FF% compared to healthy subjects. In addition, the FF% according to mDIXON exhibited a positive correlation with age, and BMD showed a negative linear relationship with age. Furthermore, females had a higher FF% level compared to males. Furthermore, height was correlated with BMD but not FF%. MRI investigation (especially the FF% according to the mDIXON Quant imaging system) is useful in OP assessment. Parameters including gender and age, as well as height, are important factors for OP prediction and diagnosis. |
| 1363 | Computer 105
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Evaluation of the Condylar Position and Volume in the Temporomandibular Joint Using Zero Echo Time MRI |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 3GE Healthcare, Taipei, Taiwan |
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The first clinical application with zero echo time (ZTE) based MR bone depiction and segmentation in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was presented in this study. Our result revealed that ZTE showed computed tomography (CT)-like bone contrast and more detailed demonstration of bony structures, which contributed more reliable structure images and volume measurements. A potential alternative radiation-free diagnostic approach, especially for patients who receive initial workups or serial follow-ups, can be adopted to assess the staging of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) by segmenting cortical bone of the condyle into normal bone, erosion, and sclerosis. |
| 1364 | Computer 106
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Construction of a population-based anatomical knee atlas and a probabilistic map of the spatial BML distribution |
1National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Arthritis Research UK Pain Centre and NIHR Nottingham BRC, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4Division of Rheumatology, Orthopaedics and Dermatology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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The distribution of bone marrow lesions (BMLs) is an important factor in the assessment of osteoarthritis (OA) in the knee. We present a population-based (PB) anatomical atlas of the knee and a probabilistic map of the spatial distribution of BMLs. |
| 1365 | Computer 107
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Evaluation of the Activity of Ankylosing Spondylitis by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Sacroiliitis |
1Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Forty-four patients with AS underwent MRI including DKI to evaluate the disease activity of AS. Four disease activity states were chosen: inactive disease and moderate, high, and very high disease activity. The D and ADC values of sacroiliac joints in the active group were significantly higher, while the K value was significantly lower than those of the inactive group. The D value performed best in distinguishing different activity grades. The D and ADC values correlated positively, while the K value correlated negatively, with activity grade significantly. DKI of sacroiliac joints might be useful to evaluate the disease activity of AS. |
| 1366 | Computer 108
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Cardiovascular Risk Factors for degenerative disc diseases of the thoracolumbar Spine in a Healthy General Population: Results from the KORA MRI Study |
1Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Department for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 3University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany, 4Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Univeristy Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 5Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Evidence has grown that disc degeneration may be influenced by cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, the purpose was to assess the association in a healthy sample from the general population. Disc degeneration as well as disc bulging and protrusion of the thoracic and lumbar spine was assessed using the Pfirrmann-score and correlated to risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Hypertension dependently while age and BMI independently associated with disc degeneration. Diabetes increased disc degeneration at Th7/8 and L3/4. Lifestyle conditions had no influence. In conclusion, certain cardiovascular risk factors are associated to disc degeneration and disc bulging and protrusion. |
| 1367 | Computer 109
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Assessment of the influence of metabolic syndrome on hip osteoarthritis by magnetic resonance imaging in subjects from the general population. |
1Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Department for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 3University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany, 4Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Univeristy Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 5Radiology, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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With being two of the leading chronic diseases, the purpose was to evaluate the effect of the metabolic syndrome on osteoarthritis of the hip in a healthy sample from the general population. Osteoarthritis was assessed according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification, while the components of the metabolic syndrome were obtained as part of the clinical study protocol. Blood glucose was found to be a borderline non-dependent factor, while there was no correlation for waist circumference, triglyceride, blood pressure, and HDL. The overall metabolic syndrome was also not significantly correlated. In conclusion, metabolic syndrome and osteoarthritis of the hip are not associated. |
| 1368 | Computer 110
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Bone marrow adipose tissue with 3T CSE-MRI in vivo: Preliminary study for long-term repeatibility assessment |
1Radiology, NYU LANGONE HEALTH, New York City, NY, United States, 2Université de Lyon; CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220, Inserm U1206, INSA-Lyon, UCBL Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France, 3Osteoporosis Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU LANGONE HEALTH, New York City, NY, United States |
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Bone is composed of two tissues: a mineralized cortical and trabecular bone component and a fatty and hematopoietic marrow component. Osteoporosis is a disease of weak bone and increased fracture risk due to low bone mass. Recent studies pointed link between bone marrow adipose tissue (bMAT) and osteoporosis notably in term of bMAT composition. Chemical Shift- Encoded MRI (CSE-MRI) allows detection of fat amount and fat composition. Our aim was to assess long term repeatability of CSE-MRI in proximal femur bMAT. |
| 1369 | Computer 111
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T2* quantification of the cranial bone using ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 3Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 4Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany |
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Quantification of T2* of the human cranial bone was performed by using high resolution multi-echo ultra-short echo time (UTE) imaging. Due to the extracted different short T2* values across the skull, it became possible to identify and differentiate the three-layer structure of the cranial bone consisting of the two compact bone layers lamina externa and lamina interna as well as the spongy interlayer diploe. Significant differences between the spongy interlayer and the two compact layers were obtained as regards their respective T2* relaxation times. |
| 1370 | Computer 112
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Bone Fraction Mapping with SyNthetic Auto-interpolated in-Phase (SNAP) MRI |
1UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Medical Physics, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom |
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Quantification of bone mineral density (BMD) and/or bone fraction (BF) has long been a goal of MRI research, but thus far no method has successfully translated into clinical practice. Methods including R2* mapping, susceptibility mapping and ultrashort echo time MRI have shown promise but remain difficult to implement. A simpler approach to BMD/BF quantification is to measure the signal loss occurring in bone-containing voxels compared to the signal occurring in a bone-free voxel. We propose a method called SyNthetic Auto-interpolated in-Phase (SNAP) imaging which uses this principle and accounts for spatial variations in B1/coil sensitivity, enabling practical estimation of BMD/BF. |
| 1371 | Computer 113
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Impact of Hardware Timing Errors on Quantification of Bone Water with UTE and ZTE |
1Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Radial MR sequences are sensitive to system timing errors, particularly for ultra-short echo time (UTE) and zero echo time (ZTE) techniques. The effects of these timing errors on image quality were systematically evaluated with both simulation and imaging experiments, and their impact on bone water quantification investigated in vivo. Error in bone water concentration in the mid-tibia was found to be up to 35.4% using UTE and 16.6% for ZTE in the presence of timing errors as small as 6 μs. Further, the severity of image artifacts were spatially dependent, with objects further from FOV center more highly distorted. |
| 1372 | Computer 114
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Differentiation of Vertebral Fracture Types using Five Different Convolutional Neural Network Approaches |
1Department of Radiology, E-Da Hospital and I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States |
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Differentiation of benign from malignant vertebral fracture is challenging yet very important for therapeutic planning. In this study, deep learning was conducted to automatically differentiate the fracture types using 5 different convolutional neural networks, including ResNet50, DenseNet, Xception, xceptionResNetV2, and InceptionV3. The final segmentation model was developed using 10-fold cross-validation applied in two different input methods, i.e. single slice or each slice combined with its two neighboring slices. Overall, the prediction accuracy was improved when each slice combined with its two neighboring slices was used as the input. Among the five deep learning approaches, XceptionResnetV2 showed the highest prediction accuracy. |
| 1373 | Computer 115
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Small-sized soft tissue tumor with deep location: Can MRI be used to differentiate benign from malignancy? |
1Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, SEOUL, Korea, Republic of, 2Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea, Republic of |
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Small deep soft tissue tumors often results in dilemmatic clinical situation and raise clinical concern that deep location is one of risk factor for malignancy. We conducted this study hypothesizing that DWI with ADC value as well as conventional MRI parameters could help differentiation of benignity and malignancy for small deep soft tissue tumors; univariable and multivariable analyses were performed for all tumors and non-myxoid non-hemosiderin tumors. Although only small tumors were enrolled, lesion size was still important for differentiation of benign and malignant soft tissue tumors, being the most significant parameter in non-myxoid non-hemosiderin group. |
| 1374 | Computer 116
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Differentiation of Soft Tissue Lymphoma from Undifferentiated Sarcoma: ADC Histogram Analysis of Whole Tumor Volume and Single-Slice ADC Measurements at 3T |
1Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Siemens Healthineers, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Hematology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Diffusion-weighted MR imaging should be included in differentiating soft tissue lymphoma from undifferentiated sarcoma to avoid unnecessary surgery in soft tissue lymphoma. |
| 1375 | Computer 117
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Clinical-Radiomics Nomograms for Preoperative Differentiation of Sacral Chordoma and Sacral Giant Cell Tumor Based on 3D Computed Tomography and Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Pharmaceutical Diagnostic team, GE Healthcare, Life Sciences, Beijing, China |
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The purpose of our study was to build and evaluate clinical-radiomics nomograms for the preoperative differentiation of SC and SGCT. We compared individual features and mixed features based on CT and MRI respectively. And we also added clinical data to compare these models in terms of their performance of distinguishing SC and SGCT. Our results reveal that the model based on DWI features had the highest performance among individual scans. Mixed CT features performed better than individual scan, while mixed MR features achieved a low performance. Radiomics model can perform better when combined with clinical data. |
| 1376 | Computer 118
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Whole body MRI in myeloma: Optimising scan acquisition and read times. |
1Centre of Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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The study aim was to identify the highest value sequences for assessment of multiple myeloma by whole body MRI (WBMRI) to optimize scan acquisition and read times. Individual sequences (Dixon -/+ contrast, and diffusion imaging) were assessed in a prospective cohort of 29 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Scan sensitivity, positive predictive value and reader confidence in detecting myeloma lesions and lesion conspicuity were assessed. Post-contrast water only Dixon and diffusion weighted images performed best. The results suggest that scan acquisition and read time can be reduced by focussing on WO contrast enhanced and diffusion images. |
| 1377 | Computer 119
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Diffusional kurtosis imaging in the differentiation of benign and malignant bone tumors |
1First affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This work investigated and evaluated the role of magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI) in characterizing the bone tumors, and furtherly evaluate the ability of DKI parameters to differentiate benign and malignant tumors by using receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC), which might be helpful for clinical diagnosis and studies. |
| 1378 | Computer 120
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Feasibility study of intra-voxel incoherent motion MR imaging for the differentiation of benign and malignant bone tumors |
1First affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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This work investigated and evaluated the role of intra-voxel incoherent motion(IVIM) MR imaging in characterizing the bone tumors, which might be helpful for clinical diagnosis and studies. |
| 1379 | Computer 121
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Exploratory evaluation of magnetic resonance fingerprinting confirms increased T1 and T2 in metastatic breast and prostate cancer lesions compared with normal marrow and volunteer values |
1CRUK Cancer Imaging Centre, Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) is a rapid imaging technique that allows generation of multiple, co-registered quantitative maps from a single sequence. This technique has been evaluated in the brain, abdomen, prostate, breast and heart, but has not been applied to metastatic disease in the skeleton. This abstract documents T1 and T2 values obtained with MRF in metastatic bone disease, muscle, fat and bone marrow, compares them with values obtained in volunteers using gold-standard imaging and MRF and demonstrates increased T1 and T2 in lesions compared with normal marrow and values in volunteers. |
| 1380 | Computer 122
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Diagnostic value of MR imaging with metal artifact reduction sequences in local recurrence of malignant bone tumor after joint replacement |
1Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China |
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Effective imaging evaluation after joint replacement is important for patients with malignant bone tumor. This study investigated the diagnostic value of MR imaging with metal artifact reduction sequences (MARS) in local recurrence of malignant bone tumor after joint replacement. The sensitivity, specificity, coincidence rate and Kappa value of MARS in the diagnosis of local recurrence were higher than FSE sequences. The ICC was 0.961 between MR images and pathology in measuring recurrent tumor volume. MR imaging with MARS has significant diagnostic value in local recurrence of malignant bone tumor after joint replacement. |
| 1381 | Computer 123
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Usefulness of 3-dimensional MR Texture Analysis (3D-MRTA) for Distinguishing Well-differentiated Liposarcoma fom Lipoma |
1Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Although magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been used as standard imaging tool, because of overlapping imaging features, the discrimination between well-differentiated liposarcoma and lipoma is not always clear. Also, no study has evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of 3-dimensional MR texture analysis (3D-MRTA) for distinguishing well-differentiated liposarcoma from lipoma. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of 3D-MRTA for differentiation between well-differentiated liposarcoma and lipoma, diagnosed on the basis of histopathological features. Regarding mean, MPP, kurtosis, and entropy, values on all sequences were significantly higher in well-differentiated liposarcoma than those in lipoma (p<0.001). The two best performing 3D-MRTA parameters were kurtosis on T2WI (AUC, 0.86; 95 % CI, 0.77-0.95) and entropy on FS-T1CE (AUC, 0.83; 95 % CI, 0.74- 0.93). There were good or excellent interobserver agreements for all measurements (ICC, 0.750–0.885). |
| 1382 | Computer 124
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Assessment of Multiple Myeloma pH Using AcidoCEST-FISP MRI at 7T |
1University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Research Service, Greater Los Angeles Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States |
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Hypoxic conditions in multiple myeloma (MM) lesions drive anaerobic glycolysis and tumor acidosis, which contributes to tumor aggression and metastasis. In vivo imaging of acidosis in these lesions is important for determining the role of extracellular pH (pHe) in the pathology and spread of MM tumors. In this study, we use a novel imaging technique called chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI to measure acidosis in vivo. We show that we are able to measure pH in MM lesions located in both vertebral bodies and regions of the knee using CEST MRI. |
| 1383 | Computer 125
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The parameters of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for evaluating microstructure of bone marrow in myeloproliferative diseases: a Pilot Study |
1The second hospital of Shanxi Medical University, taiyuan, China, 2Healthcare,MR Research China, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, American Samoa |
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Many myeloproliferativediseases,e.g., anemia and acute leukemia, impair microstructure of bone marrow. However, it is unclear the relationship between parameters of IVIM and microstructure of bone marrow (cellullarity, and microvessel density).Texture analysis was performed on D, D* and fmaps of the spinal bone marrow extracted from IVIM MRI on 48 patients (28 patients with acute leukemia and 20 patients with anemia). Bone marrow cellularity and MVD were significantly different between two groups. The f values in group of acute leukemia were significantly higher than that of anemia . The texture parameters of D, D* and f mapping has potential to reveal heterogeneous feature of microstructure in bone marrow. |
| 1384 | Computer 126
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Uncompromised MRI of knee cartilage while incorporating sensitive sodium MRI |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2WaveTronica, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 4Orthopaedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 5BioImaging Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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The goal of this work is to implement a dual tuned sodium-proton coil as transceiver for sodium and transmitter for hydrogen with a high-density proton receive array and compare the proton imaging performance with a state-of-the-art single tuned knee coil. A double-tuned knee coil was constructed as a shielded birdcage and 15 channel proton receiver coil embedded within the double-resonant birdcage. The double-tuned coil was implemented with comparable proton quality and acceleration possibilities compared to the single-tuned alternative while also being able to acquire high SNR sodium images. |
| 1385 | Computer 127
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Minimized PET Attenuation in PET-MRI Knee Scanning with Flexible, Screen-Printed MR Coils |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Simultaneous PET-MRI imaging is an exciting new technology for quantitative assessment of whole-joint disease in osteoarthritis (OA). Attenuation correction (AC) for MRI hardware is a challenge for PET quantification in hybrid PET-MRI systems. In this work, we tested a new, lightweight, screen-printed, flexible, 12-channel phased-array MR coil which reduces PET photon attenuation from MR hardware in a PET phantom to below 3%, potentially removing the need to correct for it. Further, the close proximity of coil elements to the knee show promise for high SNR MRI knee imaging. |
| 1386 | Computer 128
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Optimized echo-times for biexponential T2-weighted imaging of the knee cartilage |
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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T2-weighted MR signal of the cartilage knee has shown to be better explained by the biexponential relaxation model. The short and long T2 signal components presumably describe tightly bound and loosely bound macromolecular water components of the knee, respectively. More precise estimation of these two parameters might help in the better diagnosis of Osteoarthritis in reasonable scanning times. Here, Cramér-Rao Lower Bound method was used to find optimum echo times that improve estimation of these relaxation components. It was shown that using maximum echo times of twice as much as what is routinely used might substantially improve the biexponential estimates. Echo time optimization might play a role as important as increasing acceleration factors in reducing acquisition times. |
| 1387 | Computer 129
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The b-value dependence of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the knee cartilage |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can be a useful marker to track the degeneration of the knee cartilage during the early stage of osteoarthritis. We recently observed that the estimated ADC values change depending on the adopted b-values used in a DW-EPI sequence. We tested our hypothesis about this b-value dependence of ADC with in-vivo knee scans of 7 healthy subjects. Our statistical test result shows that the ADC estimated with the smaller b-values (0~150 s/mm2) is significantly higher than the ADC estimated with the larger b-values (0~800 s/mm2), suggesting the possibility of multi-component diffusion in the knee cartilage. |
| 1388 | Computer 130
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The role of contrast-enhanced whole-body joint MRI in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) |
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan |
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Due to the limitations of clinical description in diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA) with subjective factors, this study attempts to explore the role of contrast-enhanced whole-body MRI(WBMRI) in the JIA. We evaluated the WBMRI images of 156 joint regions of 7 patients, including image quality and positive findings, and compared the results with clinical descriptions. The results showed that WBMRI could observe the lesion of joints more objectively and comprehensively than the clinical description, and could show the changes of the lesions with treatment. Therefore, WBMRI may be used to help diagnose JIA and to evaluate the therapeutic effect. |
| 1389 | Computer 131
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Quantification of Non-calcified and Calcified Zones in Articular Cartilage using MRI and PLM at Microscopic Resolution |
1Physics, Oakland University, Rochester Hills, MI, United States |
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The zone of calcified cartilage is the least explored region of cartilage in MRI, due to a strong dipolar interaction and a high mineralization of the subchondral region in articular cartilage. T2 weighted images by standard SE and GE sequences show little intensity of ZCC, whereas T2 and T1 weighted at the magic angle can highlight some parts of the region. Quantitative UTE can measure T2 of ZCC down to a fraction of a millisecond. With the aid of PLM, we can correlate the quantitative µMRI data with the optical properties of the ZCC. |
| 1390 | Computer 132
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Quantitative Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Femoral Trochlear Dysplasia and the Degeneration of the Patellofemoral Cartilage by MR T2mapping Technique |
1Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Femoral trochlear dysplasia (FTD) is one of the common causes of early injury of knee cartilage in young people, and most of patients of FTD with the history of patellar dislocation, which seriously affects the quality of patients’ life. We focus on all the lateral, medial, deep and superficial layers of both patella and femoral trochlear cartilage in young people with quantitative T2 mapping. We find the superficial layers of lateral patellofemoral cartilage is mainly dehydration change in FTD, and there is more range of cartilage biochemical changes in age<30 years, compared to in age≧30 years, because the controls may appear the cartilage degeneration with increased in age. Compared to the type A of FTD, there are more and wider areas of cartilage dehydration in type B-D, and one of them involve the deep layer and show edema. |
| 1391 | Computer 133
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UTE T2* cartilage mapping: Regional differences in asymptomatic hips |
1Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery - Center for Shoulder, Elbow, and Sports Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States |
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UTE T2* images were acquired in 8 asymptomatic hips. The hip cartilage was segmented into anterosuperior, superior, and posterosuperior regions. Differences in mean T2* values between these regions were assessed. Results demonstrated a significant increase in the mean value of the anterosuperior region compared to the posterosuperior region. |
| 1392 | Computer 134
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CAN PREOPERATIVE MR IMAGING FINDINGS PREDICT EARLY FAILURE FOLLOWING ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION? |
1NYU Langone Orthopedic Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States, 2NYU Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, NYU Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States, 4Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, Great Neck, NY, United States |
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Despite all the attention given to anterolateral ligament injury as potential outcome predictor in the postoperative ACL knee, we found that MM tears perform best at predicting early ACRL failure. Preserving the integrity of the MM during ACLR procedure may be crucial in minimizing the risk for early ACLR failure. |
| 1393 | Computer 135
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Comparison of Radial and Spiral UTE MRI and T2* quantification of the Knee Joint |
1Program of Advanced Musculoskeletal Imaging (PAMI), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Siemens Medical Solution Inc, Malvern, PA, United States, 3Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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The ultrashort TE (UTE) sequences allow measurement of |
| 1394 | Computer 136
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High-resolution ultra-short echo-time (UTE) ex-vivo imaging of Achilles tendons at 9.4T by water content alteration |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Julius Wolff Institute and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 5Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 6Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany |
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To enable high-resolution imaging of ex-vivo ovine and porcine Achilles tendons, samples were extracted and stored in distilled water for up to 7 days to induce water intake and prolonged T2. One sample was measured continuously to quantify the change in T2 over time, while the other/second sample was used to acquire high-resolution structural images using a cryogenic measurement coil at 9.4T. |
| 1395 | Computer 137
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Time-resolved mapping of T2* in the patellar tendon during active knee flexion using multi-echo ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Julius Wolff Institute and Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Zuse Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 5Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 6Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany |
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To investigate the distribution of T2* in the patellar tendon, and its dependency on factors such as tendon rotation angle and tendon composition, real-time ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging was performed during active knee flexion. While T2* is known to depend on the magic angle, it may also be influenced by the underlying tendon structure, which changes its composition when approaching the entheses. |
| 1396 | Computer 138
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T1 and T2* relaxation parameter mapping of the patellar and quadriceps tendon by using ultra-short echo-time (UTE) imaging at 3T |
1Medical Physics Group, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany, 2Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany, 3Abbe School of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany, 4Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany |
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The tendon tissues in the knee are characterized by a short T2 relaxation time due to their fibrous structure and their high collagen content. Conventional MRI technique are unable to pick up such fast decaying signal, thus new methods and sequences such as UTE have been introduced. In this work a 3D UTE sequences was applied to quantify the T2* and T1 relaxation parameters for the patellar and quadriceps tendons. |
| 1397 | Computer 139
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Improving the Conspicuity of Meniscal Tears in Knee MRI at 3T and 7T |
1Siemens Healthineers, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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In this work we propose the application of a small percentage of fat-saturation (fat-sat) using Spectral Heterogeneity Adaptive RF Pulses (SHARP) to improve the conspicuity of meniscal tears at 3T and 7T. Knee Turbo-spin-echo (TSE) MRI without fat-sat was compared with TSE MRI with a small percentage of fat-sat applied using SHARP to demonstrate the improvement in conspicuity of meniscal tears with SHARP at 3T and 7T. |
| 1398 | Computer 140
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Three-Dimensional Ultrashort Echo Time(3D UTE) MRI of Achilles Tendon at 4.7TMRI With Comparison to ConventionalSequences in an Experimental MurineModel of Spondyloarthropathy |
1CNRS, UMR 5536, Université de Bordeaux, bordeaux, France |
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Unlike bSSFP T2 sequences, 3D-UTE sequences enable visualization of normal enthesis anatomy and early detection of abnormalities in pathological conditions. |
| 1399 | Computer 141
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The comparison of two ultra-short echo time methods for T2* mapping in Achilles tendon and enthesis |
1High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 4, Slovakia, 3Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, 4Institute of Scientific Instruments, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic, 5Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland |
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We compared the performance of two MR techniques, ultra-short TE (UTE) and variable-echo time (vTE), to estimate mono- and bi-exponential T2* in Achilles tendon and enthesis at 3T. In axial slice orientation, the mean T2* values for UTE were (mono, short, long) 4.1 ± 1.1 ms, 0.9 ± 0.3 ms and 19.6 ± 7 ms, for vTE we found the values 10.5 ± 3.9 ms, 1.4 ± 0.4 ms and 25 ± 3 ms. In sagittal slice orientation, the mean T2* values for UTE were (mono, short, long) 2.8 ± 0.5 ms, 0.4 ± 0.1 ms and 10.5 ± 1.7 ms, for vTE we found the values 5.3 ± 1.5 ms, 1.6 ± 0.3 ms and 22.3 ± 5.6 ms. T2* values calculated with vTE are overestimated in comparison to UTE, however, the clinical value of vTE might be higher, since it provides more slices with reduced blurring and lower scan times. |
| 1400 | Computer 142
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Utility of radial reformatted images created from 3T high-resolution 3D wrist MRI in evaluation of the radioulnar ligaments. |
1Department of Radiology, St.Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States, 3Department of Clinical Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Department of Functional Joint Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, 5Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St.Luke's International Hospital, Toyo, Japan |
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The radioulnar ligament (RUL) has been thought as the major stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) under dynamic loading. A detailed depiction of the dorsal and palmar RULs on MRI is very important. However, identification of the RULs including their ulnar styloid attachment on MRI is very difficult on the routine coronal plane, due to not only their small size with complexity of structures but the partial volume effect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of radial-slice MPR images sourced from 3D isotropic high-resolution MR images for the depiction of the RULs. |
| 1401 | Computer 143
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The value of 30°flexed knee MRI in evaluating anterior cruciate ligament tears |
1Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China |
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The study aimed to investigate the value of 30°flexed knee MRI in evaluating anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. 64 patients with knee trauma and hospitalized for arthroscopy were included and performed knee MRI in slightly flexed(about 17°) and 30° flexed positions successively. Images of both positions have high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosing ACL tears.30°flexion images were superior to 17°in delineating ACL full length, torn ACL’s disrupted sites and ligament remnants, while no significant difference was found in delineating ACL double-bundle structure. Thus 30°flexed knee MRI was recommended in patients suspecting ACL tears. |
| 1402 | Computer 144
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Could the 3D CAIPIRINHA accelerated SPACE imaging replace the conventional 2D MRI in routine knee examination? |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wu Han, China, 2Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China, 3Siemens Healthcare Ltd.,Shenzhen, China, Shen Zhen, China |
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3D CAIPIRINHA accelerated SPACE is a newly developed technic that can achieve faster acquisition and high resolution isotropic 3D imaging of the knee. However, its clinical diagnostic performance in knee joint hasn’t been proved yet. In this study, we compared the clinical diagnostic performance of 3D CAIPIRINHA accelerated SPACE and the conventional routine knee MRI in patients with knee injuries. We found that 3D CAIPIRINHA accelerated SPACE was able to detect more cartilage lesions and meniscus tear than the conventional 2D knee protocol. Whereas, the clinical diagnostic performance of the other lesions, such as bone marrow edema and ligaments tear were similar of the two protocols. |
| 1403 | Computer 145
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Effects of sampling window on quantitative imaging of major tissues in the knee joint using 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) Cones sequences |
1Department of Radiology, UC San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 3GE healthcare, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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We have developed a series of 3D UTE-Cones MRI techniques for quantitative assessment of all major tissues in the knee joint. Continuing improvements in scan time will facilitate their clinical use, but it remains unclear how acceleration affects quantification. This study focused on the effects of stretching sampling windows on quantitative UTE biomarkers in cadaveric human knee joint tissues. We found that extending sampling windows results in vastly reduce scan time without adverse effects on quantitative accuracy of T1, AdiabaticT1ρ, macromolecular fraction and MTR of articular cartilage, menisci, tendons and ligaments in the knee joint. |
| 1404 | Computer 146
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Assessing the performance of knee meniscus segmentation with deep convolutional neural networks in 3D ultrashort echo time (UTE) Cones MR imaging |
1Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States, 2Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Automatic segmentation of the knee menisci would facilitate quantitative and morphological evaluation in diseases such as osteoarthritis. We propose a deep convolutional neural network for the segmentation of 3D UTE-Cones Adiabatic T1ρ-weighted volumes of the meniscus. To show the usefulness of the proposed method, we developed the models using regions of interests provided by two radiologists. The method produced strong Dice scores and consistent results with respect to meniscus volume measurement. The inter-observer agreement between the models and the radiologists was very similar to that of the radiologists alone. |
| 1405 | Computer 147
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Fat suppression based on single point Dixon for morphological and quantitative UTE imaging |
1Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2GE Healthcare, San Diego, CA, United States, 3Radiology Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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Use of fat saturation pulses with UTE sequences can improve short T2 contrast and parameter estimation, but can reduce the short T2 signal due to the broad spectrum. Moreover, conventional two-/three-point Dixon-based methods can misestimate fat contents due to the short T2* decay in UTE imaging. In this study, we demonstrate feasibility and efficacy of a single point Dixon method to suppress fat for morphological and quantitative UTE imaging. We evaluate the proposed framework in in vivo experiments in a clinical 3T MR system: morphological UTE imaging and UTE-T1 mapping in knee joints and UTE-bone imaging in a leg. |
| 1406 | Computer 148
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Meniscal Tear Detection with Machine Learning: Initial Experience |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Despite rapid recent advances in convolutional neural networks used for image classification, generalizability of these networks to medical image data has not been thoroughly investigated. In this work, we utilize two networks designed to classify ImageNet natural-image data – Inception-v3 and ResNet-50 – and investigate their performance in classifying meniscal tears on MR examinations of the knee. Using limited segmentation and manual tear identification, slice-wise sensitivity of 0.68 and 0.58 is achieved for the respective networks. Applying the “two-slice-touch” rule, sensitivity is significantly increased, but with concomitant decrease in specificity. Our results support the feasibility of utilizing CNNs for meniscal tear identification. |
| 1407 | Computer 149
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Accurate 3D T2 Relaxometry with Simultaneous High-Resolution Structural Imaging using Deep Learning |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2LVIS Corporation, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 3Neurology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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Rapidly obtaining high-resolution structural magnetic resonance images (MRI) and generating quantitative biomarkers, such as the T2 relaxation time, using a single sequence is useful for musculoskeletal imaging. However, high-resolution is at odds with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in MRI, which makes it challenging to simultaneously optimize for image quality and quantitative accuracy. In this study, we demonstrate how deep-learning-based super-resolution can create high-resolution images with accurate T2 values using a prospectively-sampled 5-minute quantitative double-echo steady-state sequence. We validate this method using high-SNR reference sequences for T2 accuracy and high-resolution reference sequences and a reader study for image quality assessment. |
| 1408 | Computer 150
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Prospective Fast T1ρ Mapping of Knee Articular Cartilage using Compressed Sensing |
1Program of Advanced Musculoskeletal Imaging (PAMI), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Electrical Enigeering, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, OH, United States |
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Quantitative magnetic resonance (MR) mapping is known to provide additional information compared to the conventional qualitative weighted MR images. Relaxation times such as spin-spin relaxation time (T2) and spin-lattice relaxation time (T1ρ) have been shown enable early detection of human knee cartilage degeneration. Obtaining these relaxation parameter maps, however, requires long acquisition time. Compressive sensing (CS) has been extensively studied over the last decade as one of the possible ways to accelerate MR acquisition. These studies, however, are retrospective. In this study, we perform a prospective downsampling study on T1ρ mapping of knee cartilage using CS, which implements the downsampling pattern into the in vivo MR scan sequence. |
| 1409 | Computer 151
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Clinical shoulder MR imaging at 7 Tesla in comparison to arthroscopy and 1.5 Tesla MRI |
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MRI, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 2Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 3High Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 4Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany, 5Facharztklinik Essen, Essen, Germany |
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An 8-channel transmit/15-channel receive radiofrequency coil setup for 7T shoulder imaging has been evaluated in eight patients presenting with shoulder pain. In total, ten gradient echo and turbo spin echo sequences were included in the imaging protocol. Image quality was assessed in consensus by two radiologists. A structured report focusing on the rotator cuff was generated based on the 7T images and subsequently compared with the arthroscopical report taken as the gold standard. Finally, pathologies found at 7T were visually compared with preexisting 1.5T MR images from the same patients. |
| 1410 | Computer 152
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Imaging of the Region of the Osteochondral Junction (OCJ) Using a 3D Adiabatic Inversion Recovery Prepared Ultrashort Echo Time Cones (3D IR-UTE Cones) Sequence at 3T |
1Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 2GE health care, San Diego, CA, United States, 3VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States |
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The osteochondral junction (OCJ) region serves as a functional barrier between the synovial joint space and subchondral bone marrow, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). MRI of the OCJ region is difficult due to the short T2 of deep radial uncalcified cartilage and calcified cartilage, which results in little or no signal when conventional pulse sequences are used. The purpose of this study was to use a 3D adiabatic inversion recovery prepared UTE Cones (3D IR-UTE-Cones) sequence for volumetric imaging of OCJ region with high spatial resolution and contrast in clinically acceptable scan times. |
| 1411 | Computer 153
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Predicting Pain Trajectories in Knee Osteoarthritis Subjects by Learning Image Biomarkers from Structural MRI |
1University of California, San Fransisco, San Fransisco, CA, United States |
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The relationship between image biomarkers in structural MRI and knee osteoarthritis pain progression is investigated. A Bayesian Gaussian mixture model is selected to identify the distinct knee pain trajectories among subjects in the dataset from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Deep learning is employed to predict the probability of an individual’s pain curve cluster membership using the 3D structural MRI. Utilizing the strength of the model-based approach, the pain curves are simulated from the GMM posterior probabilities and the weights learned to evaluate the 3D DenseNet’s performance. |
| 1412 | Computer 154
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Usefulness of Magnetic Resonance Texture Analysis for Differentiation between Recurrent Disc Herniation and Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis |
1Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Although magnetic resonance (MR) with contrast-enhancement has been used as standard imaging tool for distinguishing recurrent disc herniation from postoperative epidural fibrosis, it is relatively invasive and vulnerable to contrast material-related complication. Also, the differentiation between recurrent disc herniation and postoperative epidural fibrosis on non-enhanced MR is not always clear. Until now, no study has evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of MR texture analysis (MRTA) for differentiation between recurrent disc herniation from postoperative epidural fibrosis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of MRTA for differentiation between recurrent disc herniation from postoperative epidural fibrosis. Regarding mean, skewness, MPP, and entropy, values on all sequences were significantly lower in recurrent disc herniation than those in postoperative epidural fibrosis (p<0.001). The best performing MRTA parameters were MPP on T2WI (AUC, 0.81; 95 % CI, 0.72-0.90) and on T1WI (AUC, 0.80; 95 % CI, 0.70- 0.88). There were excellent interobserver agreements for all measurements (ICC, 0.838–0.905). |
| 1413 | Computer 155
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3D Multi-spectral T2 Mapping Near Metal Implants |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States |
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The need for examining tissue integrity near metal implants in post-operative arthroplasty is rapidly increasing. Quantitative T2 mapping can be beneficial for characterization of tissues and early diagnosis of tissue pathology. Current T2 mapping techniques lack the capability to image near metal hardware. A novel 3D fast spin echo based two-echo multi-spectral T2 mapping technique is proposed to address this need. This technique is compared to the commercially available approach for accuracy of relaxometry measurements both in phantom and human experiments. |
| 1414 | Computer 156
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Texture analysis based on T2WI, DWI and delayed T1-enhanced imaging for the differentiation of benign and malignant bone tumors |
1First affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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With the development of MR techniques, the T2WI, DWI and delayed T1-enhanced imaging techniques have applied as the necessary and general clinical scanning sequences for the bone tumors. And the tumors would present a specific intensity distribution for a specific modality of these high resolution images. Therefore, this work investigated and evaluated the role of textures extracted from T2WI, DWI and delayed T1-enhanced imaging in characterizing the subtypes of bone tumors, and furtherly evaluate the ability of these textures to differentiate benign and malignant tumorsby using support vector machine classifier1 (SVM), which might be helpful for clinical diagnosis and studies.Results showed that the texture parameters extracted from these images have the ability to distinguish benign from malignant bone tumors based on SVM. |
| 1415 | Computer 157
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MRI Off-Resonance Analysis Correlates with Histology Necrosis Observations in Failed Total Hip Arthroplasty |
1Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 3Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States |
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This study presents the analysis of 78 total hip arthroplasty revision subjects that underwent advanced MRI off-resonance analysis and optical histology necrosis grading of tissue biopsies. The off-resonance analysis, which leverages multi-spectral MRI methods, sought to quantify metal particle deposition in tissues or “metallosis”. Direct measurements of off-resonance signatures correlated strongly with histology necrosis grade (p < 0.013). The results of this study provide encouragement that quantitative MRI may be useful as a non-invasive biomarker of tissue destruction in symptomatic total hip arthroplasty. |
| 1416 | Computer 158
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Computer Aided Detection of Synovial Abnormalities Near Total Hip Replacements on 3D-MSI MRI using Deep Neural Networks |
1Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States, 3Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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3D-MSI increases the visibility of a large number of important pathologies commonly found near implanted orthopaedic hardware, including: host-mediated adverse local tissue reactions, infection, osteolysis, and osteonecrosis. MRI identification of these pathologies aids in planning for surgical revision and has been shown capable of predicting tissue destruction in symptomatic hip replacements. Identification of these features is difficult, even for the interpreting physicians with substantial specialized training and experience . To address this current challenge, a deep-learning based pattern classification approach using 3D-MSI MRI is proposed and demonstrated to predict patterns of adverse synovial responses near hip replacements. |
| 1417 | Computer 159
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A Comprehensive Gradient Trajectory Correction Strategy for Clinical 3D UTE Imaging |
1UIH America, Inc, Houston, TX, United States, 2Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China |
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A comprehensive gradient trajectory correction strategy for non-selective 3D radial UTE imaging was proposed that consistently produces images free of gradient related artifacts by incorporating the actual gradient waveform, and features user friendliness and time-saving by removing the need for separate calibration scan. Application of this innovative design on phantom and volunteer imaging indicates it is a robust and promising technique. |
| 1418 | Computer 160
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Intervertebral Disc Mechanics Measured by dualMRI In Vivo |
1Mechanical Engineering, University Of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, 2Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States |
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Functional imaging of |
| 1419 | Computer 161
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Image denoising with deep transfer learning for screening baseball elbow injuries using portable scanners |
1Institute of Applied Physics, Tsukuba, Japan, 2Comprehensive Human Sciences, Tsukuba, Japan |
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Portable MRI scanners have the advantages of maximizing clinical availability in remote environments. We have recently developed a portable, elbow scanner installed in a standard-size car. This system allows us to detect early symptoms of baseball elbow in remote places, but it often suffers from the low signal-to-noise ratio in noisy, outdoor environments. Here we proposed a deep-learning based approach, a denoising convolutional neural network with transfer learning, for denoising images of the potable scanner. We verified that the proposed denoising technique improved the quality of noisy images and increased the clinical feasibility of the portable scanner. |
| 1420 | Computer 162
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Clinical Feasibility of MAVRIC Based T2 Mapping Near Total Hip Arthroplasty |
1Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States, 2Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Morphologic MRI is commonly performed to assess the presence and extent of abnormal synovial reaction in total hip arthroplasty (THA) but relies on the reader’s training for an accurate diagnosis. Newly developed quantitative methods, including MAVRIC based T2 mapping, may provide a quantitative means for assessing synovial reactions. This study performed MAVRIC based T2 mapping on individuals with THA. Prolonged T2 values were found in subjects with synovitis. This study displays the feasibility of MAVRIC based T2 mapping near THA. |
| 1421 | Computer 163
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Automated Cartilage and Meniscus Segmentation of Knee MRI with Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Clinical translation of quantitative MRI techniques requires accurate cartilage and tissue segmentation. In this work, we have developed and tested a fully automated cartilage and meniscus segmentation model for knee joint using deep learning. To improve segmentation performance by incorporating multi-scale spatial constraints in |
| 1422 | Computer 164
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Effects of trajectory and k-space undersampling in Compressed Sensing-Parallel Imaging 3D-GRASE |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Medical Informatics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 3Healthcare Systems, GE Healthcare, Hoevelaken, Netherlands |
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Compressed sensing parallel imaging (CSPI) 3D-GRASE can reduce the acquisition time compared to CSPI 3D-FSE. Image quality of 3D-GRASE strongly depends on the sampling pattern used, since gradient-echoes (GREs) and spin-echo (SE) are combined in the same k-space. Moreover, successful CSPI relies on appropiate incoherent sampling patterns. In this work we propose and investigate the influence of several sampling patterns on coherence and in-vivo image quality of $$$PD$$$-weighted knee CSPI 3D-GRASE. With the best sampling pattern CSPI 3D-GRASE obtain high image quality with significantly reduced acquisition time (57%) and SAR (66%) compared to CSPI 3D-FSE acquisitions. |
| 1423 | Computer 165
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DANTE-SPACE-based imaging of the brachial plexus |
1MR Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shenzhen, China, 2BGI, Shenzhen, China, 3Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Guangzhou, China, 4MR Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, 5Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 6Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 7Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China |
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Magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) has been increasingly used to evaluate brachial plexopathy. However, MRN is limited by the lack of relative contrast between nerves and their surrounding tissues. As an alternative to MRN, T2-SPACE has been proposed as a black-blood technique that permits more direct visualization of the brachial plexus; however, it has similar limitations. A preliminary study demonstrated that T2-weighted DANTE-SPACE outperformed SPACE and might be a potential alternative for the visualization of the brachial plexus. In this study, we hypothesized that T2-weighted DANTE-SPACE would address the above issue due to its superior blood flow suppression. |
| 1424 | Computer 166
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Feasibility of bright-bone cervical spine MRI using Zero TE sequence at 3T |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Siemens Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Direct visualization of solid cortical bone structures with MRI is gaining increased interest. “Bright-bone” techniques based on ultrashort echo time (UTE) and Zero TE (ZTE) sequences enable obtaining signals from the cortical bone and are thus desirable for visualizing cortical bone. This work demonstrated that high quality cortical bone imaging of the human skull and c-spine can be achieved on a clinical 3T scanner in a reasonable acquisition time (<6 minutes). This can potentially widen the usage of MRI for C-spine imaging. |
| 1425 | Computer 167
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Quantitative MRI to assess disease activity change in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
1Paediatric Rheumatology, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, 2Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, 3Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, 4Radiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, 5Paediatric Radiology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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Assessment of disease activity in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is central to avoiding permanent joint damage. Affected joints are characterised by synovial proliferation resulting in synovial effusion and hypertrophy. Long-standing poorly controlled synovitis is associated with a high frequency of joint damage. 11 children with JIA were examined with quantitative MRI to measure synovial volume and rate of contrast uptake before and 12 weeks after routine intra-articular corticosteroid injection. All children showed marked reductions in synovial volumes, and in rates of uptake of gadolinium. These reductions were more consistent than changes in clinical assessments. |
| 1426 | Computer 168
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Visualization and quantification of epiphyseal cartilage vasculature using quantitative susceptibility maps of pediatric knee specimens |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 4Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States, 5Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 6Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States |
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Visualization of the vasculature within the epiphyseal cartilage of the distal femur of the skeletally immature knee joint is possible with susceptibility-weighted MRI. A post-processing pipeline is described to segment and quantify the vascular density within two distinct vascular beds of the distal femoral epiphyseal cartilage using quantitative susceptibility maps. The described post-processing may allow identification of vascular abnormalities at early stages of development and also may improve assessment of therapeutic interventions. |
| 1427 | Computer 169
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A Prospective, Longitudinal Assessment of Adverse Local Tissue Reactions in Resurfacing Hip Arthroplasty Versus Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in Asymptomatic Subjects |
1Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, United States |
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This prospective study compares the prevalence of MRI detected adverse local tissue reactions (ALTRs) in metal-on-polyethylene (MoP), metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA), and ceramic-on-polyethylene (CoP) total hip arthroplasty subjects. Images acquired at four time points with a 1-year interval showed a higher prevalence of ALTRs in the HRA than CoP or MoP subjects. Self-assessed symptomatology scores did not significantly differ by implant type at follow-up, indicating that ATLRs can be clinically silent. This study permits better understanding of the natural history of ALTRs complicating hip arthroplasty. |
| 1428 | Computer 170
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T1ρ and T2 Relaxation Times are Sensitive to Ischemic Injury in Femoral Head Specimens from a Piglet Model of Avascular Necrosis Independent of a Freeze/Thaw Cycle |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States, 4Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States, 5Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, Dallas, TX, United States, 6Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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We investigated whether T1, T2, and T1ρ mapping can detect early ischemic injury to bone, marrow, and cartilage in an animal model of femoral head avascular necrosis. We imaged and compared six pairs of freshly-harvested ischemic and control femoral head specimens. We then imaged the specimens a second time after a freeze/thaw cycle. We found that T1ρ and T2 mapping were sensitive to ischemic injury to the femoral heads 48 hours after onset of ischemia. Furthermore, this sensitivity was maintained after the freeze/thaw cycle. This work indicates that T1ρ and T2 mapping may help assess ischemic bone and joint disorders. |
| 1429 | Computer 171
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Scan Time Reduction in High Resolution Knee Imaging using Compressed Sensing and Denoising Deep Learning Reconstruction |
1Radiology, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2Canon Medical Systems Corp., Otawara, Japan, 3VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Compressed sensing (CS) uses undersampling at the expense of image blurring and increased noise. We have developed denoising deep learning reconstruction (dDLR) to reduce noise and regain signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in highly undersampled (4-4.5x) CS images. Feasibility study was performed in fat-suppressed T2 and proton density knee images, by evaluating SNR and image quality (sharpness, blurring, and artifact scores). Compared to reference (no CS or dDLR), images obtained with CS had lower SNR (by 25 to 40%) and image scores due to sharpness and blurring. After processing with dDLR, SNR and image scores were restored the reference levels. |
| 1430 | Computer 172
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Use of passive B1+ shimming via dielectric pads for uniformity improvements in 7T clinical knee imaging |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Siemens Healthineers, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Passive B1+ shimming was performed using custom dielectric pads to improve image uniformity for clinical knee imaging at 7T. Image non-uniformity is problematic for diagnosing knee pathologies, and post-processing solutions are limited at 7T due to the lack of a uniform body transmit coil. A range of pads made from high permittivity perovskite materials were fabricated and tested on 6 subjects. An optimal configuration was determined, comprising the pad dimensions and composition, commensurate with producing optimal image uniformity while fitting all subjects scanned. Dielectric pads represent an easy-to-use solution for improving clinical image uniformity at 7T. |
| 1431 | Computer 173
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An approach to validate MRI Compatible axial Knee joint Loading Device with various standing posture in Standing MRI |
1Centre of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India, 2BME, Amity Uninversity Haryana, ASET, Gurgaon, India, 3Mahajan Imaging Centre, New Delhi, India |
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Study of knee joint behaviour under load have a significant potential for Osteoarthritis (OA) diagnosis and monitoring. There are few reported studies on monitoring changes in knee cartilage under load using MRI. Reported process of validation of such loading device are in term repeatability and reproducibility. In this study, an approach is proposed to validate the loading-device using MRI data acquired in standing posture. OpenMRI(0.25T) was used to acquire data in various postures and results were compared with 3T-MRI data with and without load reliability and accuracy of various measurements such as bone-gap, cartilage-thickness and T2-values were evaluated. |
| 1432 | Computer 174
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Evaluating Intraarticular Bleeding of Haemophilic Arthropathy Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping |
1Department of Medical Imaging，Nanfang Hospital，Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laborary of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 4Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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This work aims to explore the clinical application of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in evaluating the haemarrhrosis of heamophilic arthropathy with large heamosiderin. Our results showed that there was strong correlation between QSM and bleeding time, demonstrating that QSM has the potential to be a biomarker in evaluating the intraarticular bleeding of heamophilic arthropathy with large heamosiderin. |
| 1433 | Computer 175
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Feasibility and Repeatability of MR Fingerprinting in Knee Joints |
1Program of Advanced Musculoskeletal Imaging (PAMI), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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There is an increasing clinical need for improving early diagnosis and evaluation of early response after interventions and treatment in musculoskeletal disorders. Quantitative MRI is a promising tool towards these goals. However, quantifying relaxation times normally requires long acquisition time and is prone to B0 and B1 inhomogeneity and other imperfections. Moreover, it is difficult to optimize the acquisition parameters of conventional relaxation time imaging sequences to provide accurate T1 and T2 quantifications with a large range. MR fingerprinting (MRF) is a recently developed technique, which enables fast imaging and quantification of multiple tissue parameters simultaneously, and shows promising results in neural, body and cardiac imaging. However, the application of MRF to MSK imaging is very limited. The goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and quantification repeatability of MRF in knee joints. |
| 1434 | Computer 1
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Safety of Intrathecal Administration of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
1University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada, 3Neuroradiology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada |
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Visualizing CSF related disease processes using MRI requires the use of intrathecally administered Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents (GBCAs). MR cisternogram with GBCAs has shown to provide superior image quality compared to CT cisternogram. However, the lack of sufficient safety evidence limits its use to an off-label use. To address this, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore adverse events after intrathecal GBCA exposure. Based on our analysis, the overall incidence of serious adverse events was 2.24% with lower incidence at lower doses. We conclude that intrathecal use of GBCAs for MR imaging is safe at low doses. |
| 1435 | Computer 2
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Reducing Patient Anxiety in MRI using Acoustic Noise-Modulated Computer Animations: Experience in Pediatric Psychiatric Patients |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States |
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Acoustic noise is a major source of discomfort and anxiety for patients undergoing MRI examination, and psychiatric patients are especially vulnerable to this stressor. We implemented a simple and low-cost system for patient distraction using visual animations synchronized to the acoustic noise caused by MRI scanner gradients. This multisensory approach, linking sensory to visual inputs, was implemented on a 3 Tesla scanner and tested in 13 pediatric patients with bipolar disorder. Another group of 15 patients received only music as a control. After the scans were completed, all subjects responded to a questionnaire, with the help of their parents, about their scan experience. Analysis shows that the multisensory input was perceived less favorably by the patient despite the scan duration was perceived to be 15% shorter. |
| 1436 | Computer 3
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Characterization of health and technological risks posed by the quench of a human high-field Magnetic Resonance system |
1CIMeC, University of Trento, Trento, Italy, 2Dept of Physics, University of Trento, Trento, Italy |
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The programmed quench of a human 4T MR scanner was used to measure dB/dt inside the bore to evaluate cardiac stimulation risks during a quench. Additionally, we measured the exit temperature of the helium gas, to evaluate potential implications in quench pipe design. The maximum dB/dt was 360 mTs−1 at the center of the magnet, far below the cardiac stimulation threshold (20 Ts−1). Helium exit temperature reached 35°K, perhaps implying further considerations about quench pipe design and building. Replication of similar experiments on programmed quenches, specially in high-field MRI systems, will be useful to further characterize quench risks. |
| 1437 | Computer 4
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Impact of Huygens Box in 3T MRI RF Safety Assessment |
1Abbott, Sunnyvale, CA, United States, 2Abbott, Sylmar, CA, United States |
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Huygens Box is an efficient simulation technique to reduce simulation time and storage space. This paper uses simulations to investigate the impact of Huygens box on 3T MRI RF Safety Assessment. The numerical results on ASTM phantom shows the overall Symmetric Mean Absolute Percentage Error (SMAPE) average on typical MRI RF simulation is 6.28%. |
| 1438 | Computer 5
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A subtle reaction of neonatal cochlear function after exposure to 3.0T MRI noise with hearing protection |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Bei Jing, People's Republic of China, Xi'an, China |
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Although 3.0T MRI has been increasingly used for neonates, the strong noise remains a great concern. This study aimed to estimate the effect of MRI noise on neonatal cochlear function. Thirty ears of 17 patients with no hearing impairment were enrolled. Distortion product OAE (DPOAE) tests were performed to estimate the cochlear function. Significant increase of mean DPOAE amplitude by 1.13 dB at 3kHz was found within 30 minutes after MRI. Besides, standard deviations of DPOAE amplitude differences remarkably increased. A subtle reaction in cochlear function was found in neonates after exposure to 3.0T MRI noise with hearing protection. |
| 1439 | Computer 6
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Assessment of RF energy-induced temperature elevation in a human thigh in vivo using MR diffusion tensor imaging |
1Korea Research Institute of Standards & Science, Daejeon, Korea, Republic of, 2University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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The feasibility of evaluating RF heating-induced temperature elevation in a human thigh in vivo during MRI was demonstrated . RF heating-induced temperature elevation in human thighs can be assessed in vivo during MRI. Reliable knowledge of RF heating allows safe and optimal utilization of MRI techniques. RF heating during MRI could change the observed mean diffusivity value and affects clinical interpretation of the results. |
| 1440 | Computer 7
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A MRI Gradient Induced Electric Field Exposure System for Active Implanted Medical Devices |
1Abbott Laboratories, Sylmar, CA, United States |
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MRI gradient field can produce electric field (E-field) in a patient during MR scan. For patient with active implanted medical device (AIMD), damage and malfunction are the possible outcomes due to such exposure. The ISO/TS 10974 radiated immunity test method in Clause 16 focuses on producing radiated gradient field (dB/dt) exposure. This abstract proposes a test method which directly exposes AIMD to gradient frequency E-field, offering a controlled gradient frequency E-field exposure environment for AIMD MR conditional testing. |
| 1441 | Computer 8
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Uncertainty Analysis of Torque Measurement Methods Described in ASTM F2213-17 |
1The xMR Labs, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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With the prevalence of medical implants and MRI both on the rise around the world; patients, device manufacturers, and medical professionals alike should know how implants interact with the MR environment. One such interaction is the possibility of torque on an implant due to interaction with the main field. The current methods for measuring induced torque are published by ASTM International. However, although methods are available, their accuracy and precision have yet to be properly studied. This abstract investigates the measurement uncertainties of the two methods for measuring magnetically induced torque published in the test standard, ASTM F2213-17. |
| 1442 | Computer 9
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Neurological and Neuropsychological Status of Patients with Numerous Applications of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents. Follow up of 14-16 Years |
1Radiology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 2Neurology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, 3Neurology, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic |
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Gadolinium deposition in the brain following gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCA) application has become an important safety concern, however investigations into the effect of gadolinium deposition remain limited. We performed neurological and neuropsychological evaluation in four patients that received very high cumulative doses of linear and macrocyclic GBCAs (mean 728.25 ml, range 562–915 ml) over a range of 14–16 years. Although increased T1 signal was observed in the globus pallidus and dentate nuclei of all patients, the neurological status did not change. No signs of extrapyramidal symptomatology were detected, nor did neuropsychological testing reveal any relevant impairment implicating involvement. |
| 1443 | Computer 10
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An Initial Simulation Study of Breast Implants for Clinical Breast MRI |
1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Canon Medical Research USA, Mayfield Village, OH, United States, 3School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 4Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States |
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Breast augmentation continues to be the #1 cosmetic surgery for women, with approximately 4% of the US female adult population receiving an implant. Additionally, implants are commonly employed for breast reconstruction following mastectomy. Estimating from MR procedure statistics, the breast may be in the imaging volume for up to 10% of all US MRI procedures. This abstract investigates the implications of breast implants (silicone or saline composition with a wide range of conductive properties) on patient safety and suggests there are minimal effects on local (10-g average) SAR and B1 fields. |
| 1444 | Computer 11
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Shielded hybrid coil array |
1College of nuclear equipment and nuclear engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, China, 2Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Two major factors that limit the performance of Rx coil arrays are restrictions on coil geometry and numbers. For the widely used L/C loop array, each loops’ size has to be reduced to achieve an increased number of coils. An alternative approach is to use hybrid coils which combine loops with other resonator shapes such as a figure-of-8 coil, butterfly coil, microstrip or dipole. However, the coupling between elements in hybrid coil arrays proves to be challenging due to the proximity of more coil elements. To solve this problem, we propose a novel design named “shielded hybrid coil” which combines hybrid loop+figure-of-8 resonators with circumferential shielding. We proposed two kinds of shielded hybrid resonator arrays (inner- or outer-pick-up) that exhibit an obvious Rx-performance improvement compared to conventional loop arrays. We also find that the Rx-performance is better with outer-pick-up. |
| 1445 | Computer 12
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A 15-Channel Loop Dipole Array for In Vivo Swine Head MR Imaging at 10.5T |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Recombinetics, St. Paul, MN, United States |
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Novel RF coil designs must address ultra high field MRI challenges and simultaneously exploit benefits thereof in terms of higher signal-to-noise ratio and reduced acquisition time. A 15-channel RF array was built composed of a 7-channel loop receive array and an 8-channel dipole transceiver array with the receive array designed to be scalable to high density arrays. Transmit B1 maps demonstrated transmit field immunity to receive array insertion. The absolute SNR generated by the loop array receiver is on average 2.65 times the absolute SNR of the dipole transceiver in locations near the receiver array. The coil was successfully used in combination with dipole transceivers to acquire in-vivo swine brain anatomical images at 10.5T. |
| 1446 | Computer 13
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Simulation comparison of 28 different 31P arrays for cardiac MR spectroscopy at 7 T |
1Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2TUL (Technical University of Liberec), Liberec, Czech Republic, 3IKEM (Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine), Praha, Czech Republic |
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31P-MR spectroscopy measures cardiac energetics in vivo directly by means of ATP and PCr, but is limited due to low SNR due to the low MR sensitivity of the 31P nucleus and limitation by the achievable B1+. Comprehensive RF coil design considerations and planning help fully exploit the SNR gain by increase of B0. In this simulation study we compare 28 different 31P 7T RF coil array designs with respect to their transmit field performance and obtain a 3-channel array as the best variant. |
| 1447 | Computer 14
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An electronically tunable X-nuclei surface coil with high impedance broadband LNA |
1Experimental Cardiovascular MRI, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 2GM, Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany, 3GME, Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany, 4Institute of Smart Sensors, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany |
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In this approach, we present an electronically tunable surface coil in combination with a high impedance broadband LNA for X-nuclei MRI experiments with a bandwidth between 34MHz and 104MHz. The performance of the approach was evaluated by comparison with a state of the art LNA / surface coil reference setup for hydrogen and fluorine imaging. The resulting SNR reduction was less than 4% and a mean value and standard deviation of the relative error of the sensitivity map between the reference setup and the proposed setup of µ=0.4% and σ=1.4% was observed. |
| 1448 | Computer 15
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Design of large-size, high-frequency, loop-type surface coil using dipole antennas for ultrahigh filed MR imaging: a feasibility study at 400MHz and 600MHz |
1Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3UCSF/UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Due to the parasitic capacitance and increased inductance, building large-size high frequency RF coils, including surface coils for human MR imaging applications at ultrahigh fields, is a challenge. By taking the advantage of high frequency capability and large size of dipole antennas, in this work, we propose a novel surface coil design method using the proposed V-shaped dipole antennas for large-size, high-frequency, loop-type surface coils in ultrahigh field MR applications in humans. The results show that the proposed large size loop-type dipole surface coils (~20cm or ~16cm diameter) have the potential to generate common B1 field distributions of traditional loop-type surface coils at 9.4T (400MHz) and 14T (600MHz). This opens up the possibility of constructing high frequency large size surface coils for ultrahigh field MR imaging in humans. |
| 1449 | Computer 16
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A new non-array volume coil structure using the right-angled-end dipole antenna for ultrahigh field MR |
1Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2Lauterbur Imaging Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 3Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI, Shenzhen, China, 4Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 5UCSF/UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Previous work demonstrated that it is feasible to design non-array volume coils using the coupled dipole antennas. However, the weak coupling of the standard dipoles and over-length make the design difficult and also limit its utility. In this work, we propose a modified dipole structure which can be used for high frequency non-array volume coils with improved coupling. It also provides certain flexibility in coil length control. Results of the proposed design at 400 MHz and 500MHz (i.e. 9.4T and 11.7T) are presented. |
| 1450 | Computer 17
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Calibrated Coil Combination for Fixed-Geometry, Low-Frequency Coils with Application to Hyperpolarized 13C Measurements |
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, 2MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark |
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We explore a new design approach for low frequency RF coils, where a transmit and receive array are built together in a totally rigid frame, and therefore their B1+ and B1- distributions can be accurately mapped and used as prior information for SNR-optimal combination of signals from different coil elements. Using this principle, a coil is designed for 13C MRS of a pig at 3T (32.13 MHz). We show that at this frequency, the effect of sample loading is minimal, and the prior information obtained in phantoms benefits in-vivo experiments. This one-time calibration allows for optimal combination of coil signals, which is also expected to improve parallel imaging performance. |
| 1451 | Computer 18
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A modular 7T high-impedance array for ex-vivo imaging |
1Center for Educational Program in Graduate School, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, 2Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan |
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The high SNR provided by whole body 7T also provides enticing opportunities for ex-vivo imaging. However, such MRI systems are usually only equipped with a limited number of coils, rarely optimized for ex-vivo imaging. In this work, we leverage the new-found degrees of freedom provided by High Impedance Coil elements to create a versatile modular array-coil that can be re-configured in seconds to fit each sample optimally. |
| 1452 | Computer 19
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Optimization of 4-Port Asymmetric Elliptical Birdcage RF Coil for 1.5 Tesla MRI |
1Department of Biomicrosystem Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 23Research Institute for Advanced Industrial Technology, Korea University, Sejong City, Korea, Republic of, 3Coretech Co., Ltd., Gyeonggi-do, Korea, Republic of, 4Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Korea University, Sejong City, Korea, Republic of, 5ICT Convergence Technology Team for Health & Safety, Korea University, Sejong City, Korea, Republic of, 6Corresponding Author, ohch@korea.ac.kr, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The elliptical whole-body radiofrequency (RF) coil can be used for RF transmission/reception in magnetic resonance (MR)-guided treatment or MR-fused system with space between the RF shield and the gradient coil available for other imaging/treatment modality. The elliptical birdcage has higher B1+ field uniformity than circular birdcage due to increased filling factor between the RF coil and target. In this work, the asymmetric elliptical birdcage is proposed to improve overall performance through electromagnetic simulations. This work compares the 2-port and 4-port excitations and their effects on B1+ field uniformity and SAR deposition for both circular and elliptical coil with symmetrical/asymmetrical structures. |
| 1453 | Computer 20
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Decoupling circuit design for multi-nuclear RF coil |
1Philips Healthcare, Pewaukee, WI, United States |
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The demand about invivo multi-nuclear MRI/MRS has increased according to introduction of higher tesla MR system. The development of the dual frequencies RF coil array keeps pace with this interest. At the overlay of both the proton and second-nucleus frequencies coil loops, inductive coupling between coils has resolved to retain proton sensitivity and coil tuning stability by LLC and LC tank circuit. However, they cause another mutual coupling issue between the circuits and coil loops. Therefore, we introduce a simpler and more efficient decoupling method than LLC and LC tank circuit in this study. |
| 1454 | Computer 21
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Combined volume T/R and surface Rx-only coils for simultaneous brain and spinal cord imaging of squirrel monkey at 9.4 T |
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Simultaneous imaging of |
| 1455 | Computer 22
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Loop Array RF Coil for Vertical Field MRI using Loop/Dipole Parallel RF Coils |
1Research & Development Group, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2Healthcare Business Unit, Hitachi, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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To increase the SNR of an RF array coil for vertical field MRI, a loop/dipole parallel RF (LDP) coil was developed. The SNR was increased by forming a solenoid shaped current on an array coil using the LDP coils. The performance of the coils was evaluated using an electromagnetic simulator. The SNR of the LDP coil was 9% better than that of a conventional loop array coil. This technique will contribute to increasing the SNR of the array coil for vertical field MRI. |
| 1456 | Computer 23
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RF-induced heating pattern of a partially immersed conducting implant wire at 7T – its dependence on wire length |
1Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Radiofrequency induced heating at 7T of an insulated wire (exposed at tip) partially immersed in ASTM gel phantom to evaluate safety of scanning partially implanted guidewires, implants like stereo electroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes at different configurations, and conducting wires at that field strength. A transmit-receive coil was used for this study. Heating at certain resonance lengths separated by half a wavelength in air was observed. The heating at resonance lengths were 3-4 times less than that reported earlier at 3T at same specific absorption rate, and under similar configurations and settings. |
| 1457 | Computer 24
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Development of Asymmetric 8Tx/16Rx Coil Array for Human Cardiac MRI at 7 T: RF Shimming and SAR Safety Study |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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A novel transceiver 8Tx/16Rx coil array was simulated and developed for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) in humans at 7T. The developed cardiac coil array consists of two independent parts, the semi-curved anterior array and the flat posterior array, each array composed of identical 8-elements. An optimization routine has been developed in MATLAB to find the optimal phases for B1+-field homogeneity with minimal local SAR values within the Duke and Ella human models. RF-shimming improves the B1+-field homogeneity by 30% and 46% for Duke and Ella, respectively. The novel cardiac pTx array has higher Tx-efficiency and flexibility in RF-shimming compared to the 1Tx commercial coil. |
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Computer 25
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Initial experience with SPOKES EPI on a 7T Terra scanner |
1University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Siemens UK, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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This abstract describes our initial experiences using the parallel transmit (pTx) mode on our recently-installed 7T Terra MRI scanner (Siemens, Germany). We acquired data from a phantom and a human volunteer with a turbo-FLASH B1-mapping sequence and an EPI sequence. We used the conventional single-channel system with a Nova 32-channel 1Tx head coil and the pTx system with a Nova 32-channel 8Tx head coil. For the parallel-transmit system, the sequences were run in both a static CP+ B1 shim mode, and with dynamic online SPOKES-2 pulse design. We report temporal signal-to-noise ratio (tSNR) statistics for each image series. |
| 1459 | Computer 26
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Numerical assessment of a multi-coil shimming system in human brain MRI |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2Taipei Medical University - Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 3Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 4Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland |
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We numerically evaluated the performance of multi-coil shimming in human brain using an array of up to 1,000 coils with realistic off-resonance distributions of 37 healthy participants. The average and variation of shim current distributions were revealed. Singular Value Decomposition suggested orthogonal current modes to reduce off-resonance. The first 6 current modes accounted for about 90% of the variance of shim current distributions. They achieved shimming performance comparable to the 5th-order and 4th-order spherical harmonic in global and slice-selective shimming, respectively. |
| 1460 | Computer 27
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A 32-channel multi-coil shim setup optimized for the human brain, pushing the limits of shimming at 9.4T |
1Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 2IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 4C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 5Dept. of Radiology, Medical Physics, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Multi-coil shimming is an effective approach to reduce B0 field inhomogeneity. In this work, we optimized a 32-channel multi-coil to fit best for shimming of the human brain. The individual coils are optimized in terms of size and position. The performance is compared with the conventional symmetric design. |
| 1461 | Computer 28
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An adjustable susceptibility phantom for evaluation of field mapping and fat fraction estimation algorithms |
1Robarts Research Institute, the University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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We demonstrate a method to produce phantoms with arbitrary and easily adjustable susceptibility distributions. Objects in a magnet bore cause high order inhomogeneities not correctable by shimming, and confound magnetic field mapping and phase unwrapping algorithms. We show a wire winding carrying direct current can simulate an object of adjustable susceptibility, for rapid testing of field mapping and phase unwrapping methods. |
| 1462 | Computer 29
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Ultimate B0 Shim and the Design of Optimal Shim Bases |
1Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Simulations providing an upper bound on ∆B0 shimming of 1096 human brains from the human connectome project with currents outside the target volume were performed and used to construct optimal n-channel shim fields. Optimal truncated shim basis performance was evaluated suggesting 70 optimal channels are required to achieve 95% of ultimate performance. Comparisons with arrays of regularly spaced circular loops suggests that under realistic current constraints, regular loop arrays with hundreds of elements only achieve 85% of ultimate performance. The ultimate ∆B 0 shim and optimal n-channel coils will be useful tools in the analysis and comparison of shim array designs. |
| 1463 | Computer 30
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Analysis of B0 Eddy Current in Superconducting MRI System Involving Main Coil Circuit |
1GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, United States |
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The B0 eddy current, which shifts the temporal B0 and is harmful to MR Image quality, hasn’t been analyzed in detail before. In this work, we provide a FEM-circuit co-simulation method for this problem and the result clearly shows that main superconducting coil plays an important role in shaping the B0 EC time constant and thus to include them in model is necessary for making accurate prediction. |
| 1464 | Computer 31
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A short gradient coil with “outer-wall direct cooling" for human brain imaging |
1Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug ABuse, NIH, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States |
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Optimal gradient performance is arguably a pre-requisite to realize the full potential of ultrahigh field MRI. The values of using tailored gradient coils for brain imaging have been well acknowledged. Unfortunately, conventional head-only gradient coils have two major technical limitations, i.e. limited shoulder clearance and limited cooling capacity. A new design, coined “auto-rim” gradient coil, combined with a novel cooling method, named “outer-wall direct cooling”, is proposed to fundamentally solve these two technical problems. As a proof-of-concept, we have built a protype gradient coil capable of generating 20.2, 13.5 and 29.1 Gauss/cm/600 ampere current along X, Y and Z, respectively. |
| 1465 | Computer 32
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Low-cost gradients using commercially-available printed circuit boards |
1Institute of Applied Physics, Tsukuba, Japan, 2MRTechnology Inc., Tsukuba, Japan |
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Gradient coils often need expensive, manufacturing processes such as gluing, etching, and/or milling. The purpose of this study is to propose low-cost gradients using commercially-available printed circuit boards (PCBs). For proof of concept, we fabricated four types of PCB-gradients for different MRI systems: cylindrical transverse gradients for a 1.5 T, 280 mm-bore superconducting magnet (SCM), for a 4.7 T, 89 mm-bore SCM, and for a 9.4 T, 54 mm-bore SCM, and planar gradients for a 0.2 T, 160 mm-gap permanent magnet. We verified that the PCB gradients outperform the hand-wound gradients. |
| 1466 | Computer 33
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Numerically optimized design for a low-cost, lightweight 86mT whole-brain magnet |
1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 2Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charleston, MA, United States, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Whole-brain imaging is a major use of MRI, but the cost and siting requirements of scanners limit its use. Here, we propose a close-fitting, lightweight, whole-brain MRI system to address these limitations. We design the B0 magnet for this system using a novel optimization approach and compute simulated B0 maps using 3 magnet modeling approaches. In doing so, we demonstrate the feasibility of realizing an acceptably-uniform whole-brain MRI magnet with mean B0 of 86mT and weighing under 25kg. |
| 1467 | Computer 34
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An Irregular Aubert Ring-Pair-Aggregate Optimized with Improved Gradient for Head Imaging in a Low-field Portable MRI System |
1Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore |
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We present a design and optimization of an irregular Aubert ring-pair-aggregate permanent magnet array that generates 2D B0-field with an improved gradient for head imaging for a low-field portable MRI system. The ring-aggregates are discretized into fan-shaped sections with identical angles and varying outer diameters for design and optimization. Genetic algorithm (GA) was used. Compared to a Halbach-array, the proposed array shows an increased in field strength (111.2 mT) with a controlled inhomogeneity, and an enhanced gradient (off-center-concentric-pattern). It leads to better reconstructed images using simulations where the central blurring area is eliminated. |
| 1469 | Computer 35
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Single H-Bridge Shimming Driver |
1Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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The multi-channel shimming coils have been proposed to improve the magnetic field homogeneity locally. The one-coil-one-driver solution is preferred to keep the high flexibility. The linear-mode and switch-mode solutions are feasible for such low current applications. However, the switch-mode current driver has the advantage of smaller size in space-limited situations, such as for coils with high number elements. Here we present the design and implementation of a single H-bridge shimming driver. The performance comparison of analog controller and digital controller is shown, and also two different pulse width modulation methods. |
| 1470 | Computer 36
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A cryogen-free actively shielded HTS magnet for a 1.5 T MRI system |
1Neoscan Solutions GmbH, Magdeburg, Germany, 2Institute for Medical Engineering, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, Magdeburg, Germany |
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A cryogen free actively shielded magnet for 1.5 T MRI is being developed. High temperature superconductor is used for the fabrication of the magnet. We bring this first prototype for neonatal MRI system which requires more compact dimension and tighter stray field of the magnet. Magnet design has been finished and one coil of the total seven coils has been built and tested. The experimental results are satisfactory in terms of cooling performance, joint resistance and magnetic field. It successfully approves the feasibility of the concept and more results will be shown when the conference starts. |
| 1471 | Computer 37
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Designs of shim coils with distributed currents for 3T human brain magnetic resonance imaging |
1Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, 2Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, 3High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany, 4Graduate Training Center of Neuroscience, IMPRS, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 5Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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We propose single-channel head shim coils with either a helmet or a cylinder geometry. Shim current paths were designed by the stream function method with a realistic target field from a group of human subjects (n = 31). A smoothness constraint was included to decrease shim coil complexity. Helmet and cylinder shim coils with shim current amplitudes 4.2 and 6.9 A improved the standard deviation of residual magnetic field by approximately 17%, respectively. |
| 1472 | Computer 38
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High-resolution numerical simulation of respiration-induced dynamic B0 shift in the head in high-field MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan university, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, IBS, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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To investigate B0 fluctuation in the head induced by respiration in high field MRI, we simulated respiration with a human 4D phantom model, and calculated B0 in the brain by an efficient calculation algorithm. Simulated B0 was analyzed for the spatiotemporal distribution and voxel size dependence. The amplitude of dynamic B0 change exhibited strong inferior/superior gradient and significant anterior/posterior gradient, consistent with previous experimental data. Compared to the previous modeling studies, our simulation can yield more reliable, high-resolution results within a relatively short calculation time. |
| 1473 | Computer 39
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Dynamically Updated B0 Shimming for Multi-band Imaging with High Order Spherical Harmonics |
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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High order spherical harmonic shims (SH) and multi-coil approaches have demonstrated that the best B0 homogeneity for 2D human brain imaging is achieved by dynamic updating and single slice-by-slice (SBS) shimming. However, the use of multi-band (MB) imaging with its superior data collection efficiency has overshadowed the benefits of single SBS updating. In this abstract we demonstrate that MB=2 B0 shimming (MBB0) can be achieved with equivalent homogeneity as single SBS imaging for SH shimming with a 4th+ high order/degree shim insert. For MBB0 =3 or 4, significant gains over static 4th order shimming are predicted. |
| 1474 | Computer 40
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Permanent magnet based 3D spatial encoding for Ultra-Low field MRI |
1Centre for advanced imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia |
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We explore the use of small permanent magnets moving along prescribed helical paths for spatial encoding in ultra-low field magnetic resonance systems based on Halbach arrays. A semi-analytical simulation method was developed to analyse different magnet path and orientations. For proof-of-concept, different helical magnet paths and lengths for one and two small magnets were considered to establish spatial encoding efficiency. We demonstrate that a single small encoding magnet moving around the sample in a single helical revolution can be used to generate 3D images via the method of back projection for image reconstruction. |
| 1475 | Computer 41
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Design of a shimming coil matched to the human brain anatomy |
1Dept. of Radiology · Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 3Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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We propose a novel design method of a shim coil specially optimized for the human brain. Numerical results demonstrate the validity of the method. The resulting coil layouts can pave a way towards a novel shimming coil specifically intended for human brain shimming. The proposed design method can be extended to other applications and organs. |
| 1476 | Computer 42
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The Dipole Boundary Method : a simple approach to compute stream functions for shim coil design |
1Neurospin/CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France |
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A simple and easy to implement method for shim coil design is proposed as an alternative to most popular, but complicated methods. It is straightforward in obtaining the optimal stream function, which is further discretized into a coil wiring, using an analogy to magnetized material and a boundary discretization into square dipoles. Simulation results show good performance in designing spherical harmonics shim coils. |
| 1477 | Computer 43
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Optimized multi-coil array design for human brain shimming at Ultra-High Field |
1Neurospin/CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France, 3IRFU/CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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A numerical method based on stream function Singular Value Decomposition is proposed for optimization of Multi-Coil array (MCA) design for human brain shimming. It provides geometries other than circles for shim loops and halves the amount of channels needed to achieve the same whole-brain inhomogeneity reduction as current MCA systems. Strong impacts are expected for imaging and spectroscopy at Ultra-High Field. |
| 1478 | Computer 44
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Passive shimming for a Portable Head-Only scanner |
1Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States, 3Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States |
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Part of a collaboration under NIH grant U01EB025153 is leading to the development of a highly compact brain imaging scanner. In order to realize the required B0 uniformity of the scanner, we have developed passive shimming techniques that will be robust despite a low field uniformity and non-cylindrical magnet warm bore layout. This presentation describes the methods and results we will use to shim our compact scanner. |
| 1479 | Computer 45
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Superconducting shim coil design using a quasi-saddle geometry |
1Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2School of Electronic, Electrical and Communication Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 3School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China |
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An improved method was proposed to design superconducting shim coil with smooth rounded corner, which can significantly ease the winding and fabrication, and augment the magnetic field accuracy. A quantitative comparison between the shim coil using the improved strategy and the conventional standard design shows clear advantage. |
| 1480 | Computer 46
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Multi-Coil Array for Combined Imaging and B0 Shimming in a Portable Head-Only Scanner |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Robinson Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 4Department of Radiology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States |
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To improve accessibility of MRI and to enable advanced studies on motor coordination, we are part of the U01EB025153 collaboration to develop a compact 1.5 T head-only scanner enabling free limb movement. The compact size of the magnet significantly increases B0 inhomogeneity, necessitating the use of novel imaging concepts robust to B0 inhomogeneities that in turn require advanced B0 field modeling capabilities. Here, we introduce a 31-coil Multi-Coil (MC) design capable to generate linear and non-linear MR image encoding fields as well as complex B0 shim fields with low space and power requirements. |
| 1481 | Computer 47
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Preliminary Design Exploration for a Head and Neck Gradient Coil: Effect of Shoulder Cut-out Length on Performance |
1The xMR Labs, Department of Physics, Western University, London, ON, Canada |
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A preliminary design study on a shoulder cut-out head and neck gradient coil for improved imaging of the neck was performed. The designs presented here allow a shifted imaging region such that the neck and cervical spine can be placed directly in the imaging region. This work represents the first step in a larger design study and work is still ongoing to determine the effect on gradient coil performance as design parameters are modified. Ultimately, this will allow high performance imaging of both the head and neck. |
| 1482 | Computer 48
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Overlapped Monolithic Transmission Line Resonator Receiver and B0 Shim Array For Functional Imaging of the Human Temporal Lobe |
1CMRR, Biomedical Engineering, Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2CMRR, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Transmission Line Resonator (TLR) coils have been employed and evaluated as simultaneous RF Tx/Rx and B0 shimming elements. However, overlapped variants of these designs which target specific brain regions have yet to be attempted. Here, we have developed an overlapped TLR Rx/B0 shimming array targeted for imaging the temporal lobe at 7T. Bench testing and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of an overlapped TLR Rx/B0 shimming array for targeted imaging of targeted brain structures. |
| 1483 | Computer 49
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A novel few-channel coil design for human brain shimming based on stream function Singular Value Decomposition |
1Neurospin/CEA-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 2Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France |
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A method for whole-brain shim coil design for Ultra-High field is proposed using Singular Value Decomposition of tailored stream functions to create a small set of independently driven coils providing the same performance as shim inserts with numerous high-order spherical harmonics coils. |
| 1484 | Computer 51
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Dipole antenna for rat spinal cord imaging at ultra-high field |
1CIBM-AIT, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Dipole antenna designs were introduced to pre-clinical spinal cord imaging at ultra-high field. The tuning and matching circuit can be adapted to both 9.4 T and 14.1 T magnet with simple adjustment. Dipole antennas provided good longitudinal coverage for the animal, and optimal penetration for spinal cord imaging. In terms of transmit efficiency and field homogeneity over rat spinal cord, dipole antenna design is a flexible and promising candidate for ultra-high field imaging. |
| 1485 | Computer 52
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Attachable B0-shim Array: An Add-on for RF Coils |
1Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration Northeast Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Hangzhou, China |
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In the present study, as an add-on to commercial-available RF coils, a novel B0-shim coil design for local B0 shimming was proposed, based on which 8-channel B0-shim array has been designed to attach to Nova 1Tx/32Rx head coil for local B0 shimming at 7T. With minor interference to RF coil, the apparent improvement in local B0 shimming has been demonstrated by using the proposed attachable B0-shim array. The present setup offers a feasible and promising means for practical higher-order local B0 shimming technology. It is believed that the proposed approach could potentially merit a broad scope of researches such as clinical diagnosis and cognitive neuroscience. |
| 1486 | Computer 53
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A 32-channel transmit/receive radiofrequency head coil for 7T UHF MR |
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MR Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 2High-Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 3Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Electromagnetic Theory and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Applied Sciences Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 5Faculty of Physics and Astronomy and Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany |
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In this work, a 32-channel transmit/receive (32Tx32Rx) head coil for 7T UHF MRI was developed and evaluated. The performance of this coil is compared to a commercially available 1Tx32Rx head coil regarding noise correlation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and B1 homogeneity. The results indicate that high flexibility concerning RF shimming is provided by the 32Tx32Rx head coil that translates into a more homogeneous flip angle distribution compared to the 1Tx32Rx head coil. First 7T MR imaging results show the increased coverage of both the head and superior parts of the neck. |
| 1487 | Computer 54
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High-Q, tunable High Temperature Superconducting receiver coil for 13C applications |
1Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark |
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Dissolution DNP has emerged as a technique to improve SNR in an NMR experiment with inherent limitation of polarization retention in solution ranging, in general, from 30 to 100 s for the interesting bio-molecules. The limitation in sensitivity and available time window can be, however, improved by a better SNR of the RF receivers. At 3 T the Larmor frequency of the 13C nuclei is 32.13 MHz, which is still in the electronics noise dominated regime for smaller coils. A High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) receiver coil with high-Q, remotely tunable, detunable and compatible to standard electronics Tin soldering has been developed for MRI 13C applications. |
| 1488 | Computer 55
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MR vessel wall imaging of intracranial and carotid arteries with a 40-channel coil system at 3 T |
1Lauterbur Imaging Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4UCSF/UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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Due to the small cross-sectional size of the vessel wall and the cord, and susceptibility effects, especially in the carotid and the spinal cord, MR vessel wall imaging of intracranial and carotid arteries still remains challenging. In this work, a 40-channel coil system that consists of a 32-channel head coil combined with an 8-channel carotid coil was implemented and characterized in its performance by comparison with a 24-channel head and neck joint coil. As a result, the proposed 40-channel coil system provides improved performance in SNR, parallel imaging capability, and image quality. |
| 1489 | Computer 56
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A 4-Channel iPRES-W AIR Coil Array for Simultaneous MR image Acquisition and Wirelessly-Controlled Localized B0 Shimming of the Spinal Cord |
1Brain Imaging Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States |
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B0 inhomogeneities near air-tissue interfaces can cause distortions, signal loss, and incomplete fat suppression in many applications such as diffusion-weighted imaging of the spinal cord. Here, we develop a 4-channel iPRES-W AIR coil array to perform simultaneous imaging and wirelessly-controlled localized B0 shimming of the cervical spinal cord. In vivo experiments showed a 58.5% reduction in B0 root-mean-square-error (RMSE) after shimming the spinal cord using the iPRES-W AIR coil array, resulting in substantially reduced geometric distortions in diffusion-weighted images, ADC maps, and FA maps |
| 1490 | Computer 57
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Stretchable and Flexible Conductive-Thread Based Radiofrequency Coils for Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 2Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 3School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States |
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An omnidirectional stretchable and flexible radiofrequency coil has been developed using conductive thread stitched onto athletic material. This single-loop surface coil can be placed at the closest proximity to the skin. When compared to a flexible, copper-clad printed circuit board coil, resulting MR FSE images of a muscle phantom showed comparable SNR and image quality, especially when compared to a PCB coil spaced 4.2 cm above the phantom. This design allows not only for close proximity of placement to the skin, but also for joint imaging at various degrees of flexion and positioning. |
| 1491 | Computer 58
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Enhancement of transmit and receive efficiencies with hybridized meta-atom in 7T head coil |
1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France, 2CEA, DRF, JOLIOT, NeuroSpin, UNIRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France, 3Multiwave Technologies AG, Geneva, Switzerland, 4ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut Langevin, Paris, France, 5Siemens Healthineers, Saint Denis, France |
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We show that hybridized meta-atom can be used to improve transmit and receive operation in a 7T head birdcage coil equipped with a 32-channel receive array. Our results demonstrates the enhancement of both transmit and receive signal with the possibility to fill one of the gap usually observed in the brain temporal lobes. This metamaterial based passive shimming strategy provides a cost effective, long-lasting, and non-toxic solution without any impact on the patient’s comfort during the examination. |
| 1492 | Computer 59
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Minimally invasive implantable NMR microcoil for in vivo MRS and MRI in submicroliter volumes |
1Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 2NIMBE, CEA Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France |
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Due to sensitivity and invasiveness issues, the use of implanted NMR microprobes remains a poorly explored field of research, with no emerging or significant biomedical applications. In this study, we report the realization, characterization and applicaiton of an innovative design for implantable microprobe allowing a drastic minimization of the probe invasiveness. The results obtained in vitro and in vivo demonstrate the potential of this microprobe architecture for MRS and MRI investigation of organs and tissues in submicroliter volumes. |
| 1493 | Computer 60
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Universal Coils: Multisubject Optimization of 8-Channel Many-Element Parallel Transmit Arrays |
1Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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A large number of coils is desirable in parallel transmission to achieve uniform excitation while controlling SAR in a subject-adaptive manner, but only a small number of transmit channels are available on most ultra-high field scanners. We describe an algorithm that optimally groups a large number of coils into a small number of channels, based on the fact that if two coils are in the same channel, the matrix formed by collecting their slice-by-slice RF shims will have rank one. The algorithm was used to optimize the coil-to-channel mappings of a 30-coil array at 7T, based on 8 representative heads. |
| 1494 | Computer 61
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A 48-Channel ex vivo Brain Array Coil for Diffusion-Weighted MRI at 3T |
1Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Mittelhessen University of Applied Sciences, Giessen, Germany, 2A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Boston, MA, United States |
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In diffusion weighted MRI in vivo spatial and angular resolution is often limited to the macroscale regime, due to the maximum examination time that is appropriate for human subjects. Ex-vivo DWI of fixed tissue can overcome this limitation by providing large acquisition times. Therefore, a 48-channel ex-vivo brain array receive coil was developed to be used with the 3T Connectome diffusion scanner. The coil was characterized with both bench and image metrics and compared to a 64ch whole head coil. The size-optimized 48-channel array coil provides increased reception sensitivity and is well-suited for high resolution ex-vivo MRI studies. |
| 1495 | Computer 62
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Towards uncompromised merging of 1H and 31P receive arrays for multi nuclear metabolic imaging in the brain at 7T |
1Image Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands |
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In order to optimally integrate 31P MRS and 1H MRI, a 1H birdcage coil is combined with a 16 channel dual-tuned 31P/1H receive loop array for 7T, inserted in a 31P |
| 1496 | Computer 63
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Real-time image-based tracking of B0 shim elements in flexible matrix shim arrays for dynamic B0 shimming of the abdomen |
1Department of Radiology, MR Physics & Instrumentation Group, A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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High-order matrix shimming has proved useful for addressing B0 susceptibility issues but requires prior knowledge of the shim elements position. For rigid coil formers the shim loops are fixed in space and the field maps can be pre-measured in a phantom. Flexible or movable arrays used in abdominal imaging present a challenge since the element position is patient-specific. Here we introduce a marker system for rapidly detecting the element position prior to or during matrix shimming. Our tests show we can successful determine loop position to accurately generate B0 field maps in good agreement with experimentally measured maps. |
| 1497 | Computer 64
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A PET COMPATIBLE 17O/1H COIL FOR SIMULTANEOUS MULTINUCLEAR PET/MR |
1Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, Newyork, NY, United States |
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Direct MR oximetry by imaging 17O isotope can be a viable alternative over the conventionally used 15O PET tracer. In this work we developed a dual-tuned 17O/1H coil array with potential PET compatibility to explore brain oximetry and support simultaneous PET tracers to provide complementary insights into brain function. |
| 1498 | Computer 65
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Improved B1+ efficiency of a dipole antenna equipped with high dielectric constant (HDC) materials at 10.5T |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States |
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We evaluated the performance of 10.5T RF coils composed of dipole antennas and high dielectric constant (HDC) ceramic materials placed in close proximity to the dipole antenna. We investigated the impact of the location of the HDC material relative to the dipole antenna. Both simulations and experimental verification indicate that a counterintuitive “Flipped” geometry positioning the dipole between the HDC material and the sample shows notable improvement in terms of the B1+ efficiency. We suggest further exploration of this new setup for ultra-high field (UHF) transmit arrays. |
| 1499 | Computer 66
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Prototype investigation for a size adaptable RF receiver coil capable of various body parts and sizes |
1Research & Development Group, Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2Healthcare Business Unit, Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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A size-adaptable RF receiver coil prototype which can displace inter-element distance with negligible SNR degradation was investigated. We applied a simple method to enhance blocking impedance of the preamp decoupling circuit by using intentionally small matching capacitance. SNR of the size-adaptable prototype was evaluated for phantoms of 5 sizes ranging from knee size to abdomen size against commercial coils dedicated for each body parts. Despite of its broad size adaptability across various body parts and sizes, the prototype showed higher SNR than each commercial coil. |
| 1500 | Computer 67
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Development and Test of an Optimized 8TX/16RX Array for Ultra-High Resolution Ex-Vivo Myocardial Tissue Characterization with 7T MRI : Initial Experience and Quality Assessment. |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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The MRI measurements of the excised hearts providing stable “ground truth” high resolution images are important part of cardiac MRI at ultra-high field. We report the initial results of testing an in-house developed multiple element transceiver array (mTA) with parallel transmit support optimized for submillimeter spatial resolution ex-vivo heart tissue characterization MRI at 7T. The array testing included SNR, B1-shimming, g-factor, T2* and DTI mapping with high parallel imaging acceleration factors. The designed 8TX/16RX array demonstrated high efficiency of both TX and RX properties for (ultra)high ex-vivo myocardial tissue characterization imaging at 7T with essential superiority to a commercial 1TX/32RX coil. |
| 1501 | Computer 68
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WEARABLE AND STRETCHABLE SURFACE BREAST COIL |
1Industrial PhD Program in Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey, 2Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 3Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey |
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A novel wearable and stretchable single loop breast coil made from conductive thread is introduced with a coil geometry which can expand and retract in accordance with the breast while preserving good quality factor. Images of both the small phantom and the medium phantom could be acquired by S-M coil. Similarly, M-L breast coil was used to obtain the images of both the medium phantom and the large phantom. Highest SNR was obtained when small phantom was imaged using S-M coil and the lowest SNR was obtained with large phantom when it was imaged using M-L coil. |
| 1502 | Computer 69
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Application of an RF Current Mirror for MRI Transmit Coils |
1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany |
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Some types of MRI transmit coils (e.g. Helmholtz coils) require equal currents in different coil elements. We present a novel feeding concept based on a passive RF current mirror, which ensures equal currents even if the loading and tuning of individual elements differ. Analytical equations are given for the dimensioning. It is demonstrated by simulations and experiments that the concept is viable, especially for ultra-high field imaging. |
| 1503 | Computer 70
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1H-23Na Dual-Tuned Radio-Frequency volume coil design for MRI at 7 T |
1Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Siena, Italy, 2Pisa Division, INFN, Pisa, Italy, 3IRCCS Stella Maris, Imago7 Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 4Hyperfine Research inc, Guilford, CT, United States, 5GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 6Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy |
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We present a systematic comparison between two dual-tuned (DT) RF coil models through electromagnetic simulations. The first model (imbricated) consists of two concentrically placed birdcages, whereas the second model (four-rings) consists of two High-Pass birdcage-like structures nested over an internal Low-Pass birdcage. For both DT-RF coil models, the dimensional parameters have been varied in order to optimize the B1+ field homogeneity and the coil efficiency at the proton (298.03MHz) and sodium (78.86MHz) Larmor frequency at 7T. Results show that the longest four-rings DT-RF coil model has the best performances. |
| 1504 | Computer 71
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A radiolucent and flexible high impedance coil array to improve the imaging performance of a 1.5T MR-linac |
1Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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High impedance coils (HICs) are interesting for use in dense receive arrays for the MR-linac, as they lack lumped elements that attenuate radiation. Furthermore, HICs are flexible and exhibit low channel coupling, simplifying high-density array development. We compared the performance of a 20-channel prototype setup with the current clinical array and investigated its dosimetric feasibility. The prototype showed higher SNR values and lower g-factors, thus allowing for higher acceleration factors and faster imaging. Dosimetrically, no clinically significant attenuation was found (<1.5%). In conclusion, flexible HIC based arrays are highly suitable to construct high density arrays for MRI-guided radiotherapy applications. |
| 1505 | Computer 72
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Design and Evaluation of a Novel 8Tx/16Rx Symmetric Coil Array for Cardiac MRI in Large Animals (Pigs) at 7T: Investigation of Decoupling Using a Common Central Ring |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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A dedicated 8Tx/16Rx coil array was designed and tested for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) ex-vivo pigs at 7T. The cardiac array is composed of 16-elements with physically independent anterior and posterior parts. The anterior array is composed of 8-elements and resembles a symmetric circular shape coil. The central four-elements are decoupled using a common central ring and shared decoupling capacitors. The posterior array was built using 4×2 rectangular symmetric elements configuration. Ex-vivo high-resolution cardiac images were acquired with 0.3 mm x 0.3 mm in plane resolution. The dedicated coil enhances the SNR within the heart by about four-times compared to a commercial human coil. |
| 1506 | Computer 73
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A low SAR eight element passively fed meander dipole array for 7T prostate imaging |
1Radiology Department, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Imaging Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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The purpose is to compare the performance of an eight element passively fed meander dipole antenna designed for body MRI at 7 Tesla with that of a conventional actively fed array. The measured mean transmit efficiency (B1+/square root input power) in the prostate was 15% lower with the passively fed dipoles array, but the simulated max SAR10g was 44% lower, meaning that the overall SAR efficiency of the passively fed array is higher. In vivo RF shimmed turbo spin echo images showed similar image quality for both arrays, but with lower SAR values for the passively fed array. |
| 1507 | Computer 74
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Optimization of RF system for homogenous, consistent, and safe neuro imaging at 7T MRI |
1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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This work presents two shimming cases for homogenous B1+ at 7T. The Tic-Tac-Toe system was optimized using FDTD simulations and experimentally verified. In the homogenous shim case, the array was capable of delivering a homogeneity of 16.6% (measured) with a SAR efficiency of 1.40μT/√(W/kg) (simulated). In the B1+ efficient shim case, a measured homogeneity of 18.0% and SAR efficiency of 1.55μT/√(W/kg) (simulated) was obtained. The B1+ field was measured over the whole head above and including the cerebellum and excluding the nasal cavities. The coil performance was compared with the TEM coil and experimentally verified with TSE and T2-SPACE sequences. |
| 1508 | Computer 75
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On the SNR of Cryogenic Receive Coils when using Room Temperature Preamplifiers |
1Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, 2General Electric, Brøndby, Denmark |
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Significant increase of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is possible by cooling receive coils to cryogenic temperatures, if they are not highly sample noise dominated. Conventionally, the noise of the preamplifier is excluded leading to an overestimation of the achievable SNR gain. In this work, we show that for the case of a small-animal birdcage coil for 13C at 3T cooled with liquid nitrogen to 77K, the SNR is overestimated by approximately 40% if the effect of the room temperature preamplifier is excluded. Hence, the preamplifier should either be included in the SNR gain estimation or cooled with the coil. |
| 1509 | Computer 76
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Evaluating 8-independent channel shimming strategies to drive a 16-channel loop-dipole transceiver body imaging array at 7.0 Tesla |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Restorative Therapies Group, Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Majority of the installed 7.0T systems have 8-independent transmit channels, therefore additional hardware changes are necessary to fully utilize higher channel count transceiver arrays (i.e. 16-channel loop-dipole body imaging array, 16LD). Here, we investigated three different 8-independent channel phase shimming strategies to drive 16LD and compared against fully independent 16-channel phase-only shimming. 8-independent channel shimming while transmitting power from all 16 array-elements with pre-determined phase difference between loop and dipole elements on the same block causes only about 10% drop in B1+ efficiency compared to 16-independent channel transmit. |
| 1510 | Computer 77
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Development of a 16 channel rotated double row transceiver array for neuroimaging at 7T |
1LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands |
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A 16 channel rotated double row transceiver array for imaging the human brain at 7T was designed using the recently developed induced current elimination decoupling method. The transmit and receive performance of the coil was characterized by in vivo measurements and compared to a commonly-used commercial two-channel transmit coil. |
| 1511 | Computer 78
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B1 performance when excluding RF shields from transmit head coils to simplify multi nuclei and gradient insert setups |
1Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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RF shielding in MRI is used to enhance B1 efficiency of RF coils by reducing radiation losses and prevent coupling to surrounding materials like the gradient coil (1). However, RF shielding can also complicate the design of RF coils, particularly when used in multi-model setups, like for multi-nuclei experiments or when combined with gradient inserts. Here we demonstrate that the closely fitted RF shield of a head-coil can be removed to use the RF shield inside the bore liner of the MRI system in order to maintain high B1 efficiency. |
| 1512 | Computer 79
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A multi-function digital receiver for real-time data correction in MRI |
1Center for Basic MR Research, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States |
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We report the early development of an integrated receiver built on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The receiver offers the functionalities of combining data acquisition, field sensing, real-time data correction and image reconstruction. We describe the design and implementation of the receiver and demonstrate its capabilities of image acquisition and reconstruction with real-time data correction. |
| 1513 | Computer 80
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A head transmit-receive array for a high performance gradient insert |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland, 2Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies, Hamburg, Germany |
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Achievable gradient performance scales with decreasing gradient size which awakes interest in tight-fitting gradient coil design and requires space-restricted RF solutions. In this work, an eight-channel transmit-receive array coil for human head with a B1 field distribution preventing aliasing from the unambiguity volume of a high performance gradient insert and assuring a low eddy current capability is presented. In this configuration, acceptable homogeneous excitation and parallel imaging can be performed even despite the limited space for RF components. |
| 1514 | Computer 81
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Homogenous 64-channel RF transmit array for brain imaging at 7T, 9.4T, and 10.5T |
1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States |
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In this work, a 64-channel Tic-Tac-Toe (TTT) transmits array is simulated (with a realistic tuning and matching method) for three field strengths. Phase-only RF shimming was performed to access the array performance. In the whole brain excluding the cerebellum, the coefficient of variation (CV)=15.6%/20.9%/25.0%, Max/Min=3.17/6.29/5.84, for an average B1+=7.47/5.34/3.78μT/√kW at 7T/9.4T/10.5T field strengths, respectively. With these shimming cases, the array presented an average SAR=1.67/2.56/2.72 W/kg for 2μT and SAR efficiency=1.55/1.25/1.21μT/√(W/kg) at 7T/9.4T/10.5T, respectively. The peak SAR=5.35/9.49/10.76W/kg for 2μT at 7T/9.4T/10.5T, respectively. The 64-channel TTT array is capable of producing homogenous B1+ and low levels of SAR for UHF human MRI. |
| 1515 | Computer 82
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Comparisons for microstrip and CRLH transmission lines array coils at 7T |
1Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of |
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The use of Composite right/left handed (CRLH) metamaterial based transmission lines (TL) for high frequency applications can improve the magnetic field intensity and uniformity. This can be achieved independent from its physical length, contrary to the traditional microstrip TL. In this work we compare the |B1| and |E|-field of the CRLH TL with a common microstrip TL when used in an array of two elements. Three arrays with different lengths were compared, resulting in better field uniformity for the case of the CRLH TL. |
| 1516 | Computer 83
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Flexible Low-Profile Coil Array Using “Dummy Loads” for Concurrent TMS-fMRI |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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A system was designed for concurrent TMS-fMRI, where functional images across the entire brain may be acquired while stimulating areas with TMS. Dummy loads were used to counteract the loading effects of the TMS coil. This system was able to perform functional acquisitions on phantoms and biological media with the TMS coil present. |
| 1517 | Computer 84
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Opencage Radiofrequency Coil Inspired by Metamaterials |
1ESPCI, Institut Langevin, PSL Research University, Paris, France, 2Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale / Institut Joliot / NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Gif sur Yvette, France, 3Université Paris Saclay, Saclay, France |
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We propose a volume radiofrequency coil for MRI that provides a lateral access to its inner volume. This coil, called «opencage», is designed by revisiting birdcage coils as metamaterial transmission line with broken periodicity. An opencage dedicated for imaging at 7T of the head of small rodents is developed. The design of this opencage is optimized using numerical simulation. Finally in-vivo preclinical imaging of the head of a mouse is presented. We show that the opencage coil efficiency is similar, especially in terms of field homogeneity and SNR as a conventional 8-legs birdcage coil. |
| 1518 | Computer 85
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Dependence of Radiofrequency field enhancement on the geometry of the monolithic high dielectric ceramics at 3 T |
1Radiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States |
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Ultra-high dielectric constant ( |
| 1519 | Computer 86
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Design Considerations of a 64-Channel Receive / 16-Channel Transmit Coil Array for Head, Neck, and Cervical-Spine Imaging at 7 T |
1Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection, Dep. of Life Science Engineering, Mittelhessen University of Applied Science, Giessen, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Siemens Healthineers AG, Erlangen, Germany, 4Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Boston, MA, United States, 5A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Dept of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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A 64chRx/16chTx head-neck-Cspine array coil was constructed and bench tested. A new UHF topology has been introduced, by merging two commonly separated array coil functionalities (Rx, Tx) at ultra-high field MRI into one anatomically shaped close-fitting housing. The ultimate two-folded goal of this study was to increase clinical benefit in ultra-high field neuroimaging through the extension of the brain region to the cervical spine and to decrease patient’s anxiety and discomfort using a patient-friendly coil design. |
| 1520 | Computer 87
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A Preclinical Volume Coil with Artificial Magnetic Shield for 7 Tesla MRI |
1Faculty of Physics and Engineering, ITMO University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation, 2Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland, 3Department of Radiotherapy, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Fresnel Institute, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France |
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In this work the artificial magnetic shield structure was proposed aimed to improve the performance of preclinical volume coil for 7 Tesla MRI. Particularly, transmit efficiency as well as receive sensitivity of small-animal bird-cage coil was studied in the presence of both ideal electric and magnetic screen at the first step. Next, practical artificial magnetic shield structure using the principles of operation of high-impedance corrugated surfaces was suggested. B1+ distribution of the small-animal bird-cage coil equipped with corrugated surface structure was calculated and compared with the reference case of ideal electric screen. Numerical results demonstrated improved transmit efficiency and receive sensitivity of the bird-cage coil with the artificial magnetic shield structure comparing to the reference case. |
| 1521 | Computer 88
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Common Mode Analysis and SNR Performance of a Traditional Loop Coil versus an Integrated Balun Coil |
1Imaging Research Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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Common mode field distributions along a coaxial cable attached to a traditional loop coil and an integrated balun coil were analyzed using electromagnetic simulations. For comparison, an equivalent loop and an integrated balun coil were constructed and common mode voltages were measured along the coaxial cable attached to each coil. SNR performance of both coils was measured and analyzed in a phantom at 3T. |
| 1522 | Computer 89
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Multiparameter Analysis Method for B1 Acquisition (MAMBA): A tool for RF coil design and SNR estimation for short T2* samples |
1Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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A software tool (Multiparameter Analysis Method for B1 Acquisition - MAMBA) to design volume coils is presented for short T2* samples that optimizes relative SNR. MAMBA includes relevant RF coil parameters and evaluates performance. Sample and pulse sequence properties such as T2* relaxation times and echo time (TE) are considered. The tool is tested in a comparison of a commercial head coil and an optimized birdcage coil for imaging of an Egyptian mummy head. |
| 1523 | Computer 90
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Improving RF efficiency in the brain and the neck at 7T using a novel pTx coil |
1CUBRIC, School of psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 2MR Coils, Zaltbommel, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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MRI at UHF is promising for a variety of clinical applications however it is challenging because of B0 and B1 inhomogeneities and SAR limitations. To improve the RF efficiency in the brain and the neck, a novel 8Tx/32Rx RF coil has been built by MR coils. Its performance in terms of B1+ intensity and homogeneity at the brainstem/cerebellum and the neck was assessed and compared with the standard Nova Medical 8Tx/32Rx coil. The novel coil allows for a higher B1+ at the brainstem/cerebellum and the neck where B1+ mapping and shimming need further optimisation for ASL application. |
| 1524 | Computer 91
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Full Wave vs Quasistatic Simulation Accuracy at 3 Tesla |
1Radiology, University of Utah, Utah Center For Advanced Imaging Research (UCAIR), SALT LAKE CITY, UT, United States |
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Full wave simulations are known for their high accuracy, but simulation optimization is not feasible with FDTD and FEM for vast numbers of MRI coil applications. Optimization strategies do have feasible runtimes for quasi-static solutions, but the system being simulated must be small compared to the electromagnetic wavelength since they do not account for boundary conditions. This work uses multiple single loop coils of different diameters and three phantoms with a simple geometry to compare the accuracy and usefulness of full wave and quasi-static solutions of RF coils at 3T. Full wave simulations proved to be significantly more accurate. |
| 1525 | Computer 92
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A 64-Channel Phased-Array Head Neck Coil for Neurovascular/fMRI at 3T |
1Quality Electrodynamics, LLC (QED), Mayfield Village, OH, United States, 2Canon Medical Research USA, Inc., Mayfield Village, OH, United States, 3Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan |
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Close-fitting the coil elements along the head and neck is a typical design of higher density phased-array head neck coils in order to provide higher SNR and acceleration. But this limits patient comfort and excludes larger patients. In this work we present a 64-channel head neck coil which can image large patients for neurovascular/fMRI at 3T. The coil test results show superior SNR in imaging compared to both a clinical 32-channel head array coil and 16-channel head neck array coil respectively. |
| 1526 | Computer 93
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A 16-Channel Array Coil for Anesthetized Monkey Multi-modal Neuroimaging at 3T |
1Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 2Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States |
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A 16-channel array coil has been developed in our laboratory for anesthetized monkey brain imaging at 3T, with a specialized design to accommodate multi-modal devices. Its performance has been evaluated on an anesthetized macaque. Compared to the commercially-available pediatric coil, the 16-channel monkey head coil showed improved receive sensitivity and superior acceleration performance. Further, the presented coil can accommodate multi-modal devices, allowing simultaneous optical imaging, neural recording, and stimulation, during high-field MRI studies. It is hoped that the proposed array coil could benefit a broad scope of research in frontier neuroscience. |
| 1527 | Computer 94
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Optimization of small animal RF coil with co-simulation approach |
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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The 3D electromagnetic and RF circuit co-simulation approach is a fast and accurate tool to calculate the EM fields of RF coils. It is typically used for human coils to evaluate the transmit field and SAR. In this work, we apply this method to the circuit optimization of a small animal coil. Unlike human coils, the coil noise of small animal coil is not neglectable and should be minimized. With the guide of co-simulation approach, an optimized saddle-shaped surface coil has considerable transmit efficiency and SNR improvement on ex-vivo squirrel monkey brain imaging at 9.4T. |
| 1528 | Computer 95
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A transceive array with passively fed dipoles and shielded loop coils for laryngeal imaging at 7T |
1C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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A transceive array for laryngeal imaging at 7T was constructed, consisting of 5 shielded loop coils and 3 passively fed dipoles. The array is physically flexible due to the absence of lumped elements in the loops and shows very high inter-element isolation (greater than -19 dB) without implementing decoupling circuits, even though the elements are closely packed. After RF shimming using the array, high resolution turbo spin-echo images were acquired from a healthy volunteer. |
| 1529 | Computer 96
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Triple Tuned 6-element Asymmetric Mode Ladder-Resonator/Transceive-Array for Thoracic Imaging of 19F/1H at 1.5T and 129Xe/19F at 3T |
1Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, 2GE Healthcare Inc., Aurora, OH, United States |
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A 6-element triple-tuned asymmetric mode ladder-resonator/transceive-array was constructed in order to allow direct field strength comparisons of 19F/1H imaging at 3T and 1.5T using the same coil geometry, and to compare 129Xe and 19F imaging at 3T. The designed array is the first instance of triple-tuning a coil by replacing tuning capacitors with LC networks to provide the equivalent reactance needed for coil tuning at three Larmor frequencies (35MHz, 60MHz and 120MHz). Details on construction and simulation are provided and phantom imaging performed for 19F/1H at 1.5T and 19F at 3T, as well as in-vivo imaging of hyperpolarized 129Xe at 3T, demonstrate the functionality of the coil. |
| 1530 | Computer 97
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Comparative design study of a 3T 1H RF breast coil: Quadrature vs. Solenoid Design |
1Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Faculty of Medicine, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany |
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In this work a comparative design study for the development of a new proton (1H) transmit/receive radio frequency (RF) coil for unilateral breast imaging at 3 Tesla (123MHz) is performed. The two most common RF breast coil designs, based on quadrature and solenoid coils, are compared against each other in terms of spatial homogeneity and first-order statistics (mean µ, standard deviation σ, spread σ/µ) of the circularly polarized RF excitation field (B1+) as well as B1+ scaled over the square root of the maximum 10g-averaged specific absorption rate (B1+/√(SARpeak)). |
| 1531 | Computer 98
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Investigation of an artificial line π LC BALUN as a single-stage impedance transformation network, for direct preamplifier and coil matching in MRI surface array coils. |
1Technology Innovation Department, Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research, Mumbai, India |
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Previous studies have shown that the coil matching network (CMN) and preamplifier input matching network (IMN) can be combined to match the coil loop to the transistor in the preamplifier directly. Through simulations we have shown that the artificial line ‘π’ LC BALUN can be used to match the coil loop to the transistor in the preamplifier directly. Though ‘L’ section LC BALUN is widely used in surface array coils to create high blocking impedance across coils, it has several limitations. Hence, artificial line LC BALUN can be used as impedance transformation network and as a common-mode choke simultaneously. |
| 1532 | Computer 99
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Design of multi-row multi-channel degenerate birdcage array coil based on minimum total reflection for the single-channel and circularly polarized modes of excitation |
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 2National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey |
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We propose that a transmit coil can be optimized for certain modes of operation. It is well-known that when the number of channels of a degenerate birdcage coil increases coupling between channels becomes a significant problem. The high total reflection when only one of its channels is used as a transmitter caused a small portion of the power delivered to the body. However, when it is properly designed, in some modes of operations such as circularly-polarized mode, the total reflection become negligibly small. In this work, we demonstrate this effect on various two-row degenerate birdcage-coils together with simulations and experiments. |
| 1533 | Computer 100
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Understanding the physical origins behind the noise navigator |
1Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation |
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Thermal noise is ever-present in any MR experiment and can be used for motion detection. To investigate the physical origins behind the noise navigator, electromagnetic simulations were performed on a realistically moving human model. Tissue displacement affects the thermal noise distribution more than dielectric lung property alterations and the difference between 15 and 20 cm coil size is negligible. The differential noise matrix obtained from electromagnetic simulations is a good means to gain understanding on the spatial sensitivity to motion in particular body regions. This understanding can be used to guide optimization and develop new applications (e.g. motion tracking) of the noise navigator. |
| 1534 | Computer 101
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Wireless Power Transfer Compatibility and Noise Issues in MRI |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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To achieve completely wireless coil arrays, several watts of power will need to be delivered with minimal impact on the MR images. Wireless power transfer (WPT) has been previously developed to efficiently transfer power, however, harmonics are generated and low frequency noise can be up-converted by both the DC-to-RF conversion and the RF-to-DC rectification of the WPT system. Efficiency can be traded off to reduce noise through additional filtering and rectifier choice, and by replacing the switching supply to the power amplifier with batteries an ultimate SNR performance within 6dB of the ideal can be achieved while continuously transferring power. |
| 1535 | Computer 102
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Harvesting Power Wirelessly from MRI Scanners |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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As the number of devices accompanying patients inside the MRI bore increases, so does the need for reliable powering inside the MRI. The high-power B1 field in MRI suggests the capability to harvest power wirelessly from the scanner itself. With high quality factor coils and a high efficiency class-E rectifier we are able to harvest 100s of µJ /TR. However, B1 harvesting will generate flip angle banding when harvesting loops are near imaging regions. These banding artifacts increase with increasing coil size and decrease with larger coil loading. |
| 1536 | Computer 103
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Universal WiGig MRI receiver platform with auto-synchronised clock module and ZYNQ-based high-speed digitizer |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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The operation of 60GHz data transmission inside the MR room using the WiGig standard has been demonstrated in a previous study. It offers an off-the-shelf solution for reliable, high-speed data transmission as required by modern high-channel-count array coils. However, wireless data transmission is only one component of a complete receiver chain in MRI. Since the ARM-based platform employed in our previous study is not powerful enough to implement full high-speed high-fidelity acquisitions, we propose to connect the WiGig data link with a FPGA board, clock generator board and a high-precision ADC board to increase the speed and the fidelity. |
| 1537 | Computer 104
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Wireless Digital Data Transfer based on WiGig/IEEE 802.11ad with Self-Shielded Antenna Gain Enhancement for MRI |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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Here we investigate the feasibility of using existing high data rate wireless transmission protocols - a wireless gigabit (WiGig) - suitable for transmitting data from high channel count array antennas. Moreover, the study aims to use off-the-shelf commercial components that, with only minor modifications, allow for maximum flexibility of the implementation. The system presented here overcomes these shortcomings by increasing the antenna gain and provides a practical solution for the wireless transmission of receive signals. |
| 1538 | Computer 105
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Restraint system with integrated receive array for minimizing head motion during awake marmoset imaging |
1Centre for Functional and Metabolic Mapping, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada |
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Marmoset monkeys are an increasingly popular animal model for functional MRI studies due to their close homology with humans. To negate the confounds of anesthesia on brain activation, marmosets can be imaged awake. A restraint chair with an integrated receive array is described for minimizing motion during awake imaging. Motion was limited to 129 μm and 0.41°, allowing for comparable temporal SNR with respect to anesthetized imaging. |
| 1539 | Computer 106
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About the MRI compatibility of fuel cells as the power source for PET detectors |
1Department of Physics of Molecular Imaging Systems, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 2Philips Research Europe, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 3Chair for Fuel Cells, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 4Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-3: Electrochemical Process Engineering, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany |
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Since MRI is very sensitive regarding electromagnetic disturbances, the integration of a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) detector into in an MRI system is a sophisticated task. The power supply and cabling of the PET detectors are the main sources of electromagnetic interferences with the MRI. Therefore, we propose to power the PET detectors with a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). To prove the feasibility of the concept, we evaluated the MRI compatibility of the PEMFC. The PEMFC was able to power PET detectors and only a minor influence of the PEMFC on the B0 homogeneity and noise level was measured. |
| 1540 | Computer 107
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Ultra-Flexible Electro-Textile 4-Channel MRI RF Coil Array for Neck MRI |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Current surface coils used for neck MRI are either uncomfortable for patients to wear or suffer from low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). |
| 1541 | Computer 108
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Simulations of Integrated Radio-Frequency/Wireless Coil Designs for Simultaneous MR Image Acquisition and Wireless Communication |
1Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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A novel RF coil design, termed an RF/wireless coil, enables simultaneous image acquisition and wireless communication by allowing currents to flow simultaneously at the Larmor and WIFI frequencies. Measurements of the far-field radiation parameters are not practical in an MRI scanner. Thus, simulations are performed to optimize the far-field performance within the scanner bore to maintain the wirelessly transmitted data integrity. In this work, finite element simulations, verified with anechoic chamber gain-pattern measurements and SNR maps from a constructed RF/Wireless coil, are performed to optimize the far-field gain, directivity, and link budget of the RF/Wireless coil within the scanner bore. |
| 1542 | Computer 109
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Clock Transmission Methods for Wireless MRI: A Study on Clock Jitter & Impact on Data Sampling |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2GE Healthcare Inc, Stanford, CA, United States, 3GE Healthcare Inc, Aurora, OH, United States, 4Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Creating wireless MRI receive coils requires the clock for the on-coil electronics to be in phase with the clock of the MRI transmit system. Sending a wireless clock using a phase locked loop (PLL) single tone that is divided down versus a dual tone AM double side band suppressed carrier (AM DSB-SC) system can have different results in jitter of the clock. We experiment with these architectures,. The wireless clock transfer methods will ultimately impact SNR of the ADC system and its robustness to phase changes from environmental scenarios such as patient motion or multipath effects. |
| 1543 | Computer 110
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Characterization of In-Bore 802.11ac Wi-Fi Performance |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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In the context of flexible wireless coil arrays, characterization of achievable data rates is critical. This understanding will impact the types of scans whose data rates can be achieved in a wireless framework. The MR environment includes a cylindrical reflector as well as high power RF pulses, both of which may interfere with wireless communication inside the bore. By utilizing an embedded development platform, the relative impacts of the MR environment on Wi-Fi data rate were characterized and found to have little effect on the rate of data transfer. |
| 1544 | Computer 111
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A Novel and Efficient No-tuning Inductive-coupling Q-damping Circuit for a Low-field Portable MRI System |
1Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore, 2Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand, 3Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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In a low-field portable MRI system, e.g. a permanent-magnet-based system, $$$B_0$$$ is less homogeneous thus $$$T_2^*$$$ is short. However, the ring-down of the transmit RF energy is slow, which dramatically decreases the strength of acquired signals or limits the minimum echo time for a CPMG type experiment. In this abstract, we present the design of a no-tuning inductive-coupling Q-damping circuit for transmit-coils in a low-field MRI/NMR system. The proposed circuit can effectively and quickly damp RF energy yet simple to be implemented and constructed. The effectiveness is successfully demonstrated in simulations and experimentally. In the experiment, it shows that the ring-down time is reduced by about 45%. |
| 1545 | Computer 112
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An Aubert Ring Aggregate Magnet Helmet for 3D Head Imaging in a Low-field Portable MRI |
1Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore, 2Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore |
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A permanent magnet helmet based on an Aubert ring aggregate is proposed to have a linear gradient along the axial direction for 3D head imaging in a low-field portable MRI system. It is a magnet array that consists of a series of asymmetric Aubert ring pairs, forming a Helmet shape. The inner radii of each ring are successfully optimized for a linear gradient along the axial direction, a comparably strong field strength (67.06mT), and a |
| 1546 | Computer 113
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Design of a novel class of open MRI devices with nonuniform Bo, field cycling, and RF spatial encoding |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New, CT, United States |
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This work describes a novel approach to the design of MRI systems that combines 4 existing developments in order to create a new class of MRI devices. The developments to be described include combining parallel RF receive, Bloch-Siegert phase encoding, nonlinear spatial encoding, and field cycling. Together these methods allow for open magnets with nonuniform main fields greatly increasing design opportunities for small magnets with specific applications. The relatively low cost of this class of MR devices will allow for the placement of MRIs in doctor’s offices where they could be built into an examination table. |
| 1547 | Computer 114
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A Novel Ultra-Flexible High-Resolution 50-Channel RF Coil for Prostate, Rectal and Pelvis Imaging |
1MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States, 2MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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Typically, posterior with anterior array or Large/Medium MSK coils or endorectal coil are used for prostate and rectal imaging. These coils do not provide deep depth, high-resolution and acceleration images. A novel high-resolution flexible phased-array coil for Prostate, Rectal and Pelvis Imaging is presented. This coil contains a posterior base with two lateral flaps and one center flap with wire loops providing a light weight flexible conforming coverage to prostate, rectal and pelvis. This close fitting high density 50-Channel coil provides better diagnostic images and comfort. This coil also introduces new thin flexible materials including two thermoplastic coated thin fabrics. |
| 1548 | Computer 115
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A light-weight, flexible head and neck coil design for a patient-friendly MR-only Radiation Therapy workflow |
1GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 2GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 3GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden, 4GE Global Research, Bangalore, India, 5GE Healthcare, Rochester, MN, United States, 6NeoCoil, Pewaukee, WI, United States |
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MRI is known to provide a superior soft tissue contrast when compared to CT. MR simulation offers the potential of improving target and organ at risk delineation and is therefore playing an increasingly important role in the Radiation Therapy (RT) planning workflow. Here a lightweight, highly flexible, novel coil prototype for head and neck is presented, demonstrating that a patient friendly MR-only simulation workflow for standard MR imaging and pseudo CT conversion is feasible in a clinical setting and compatible with RT fixation devices. |
| 1549 | Computer 116
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Design of a reconfigurable endoluminal coil using MEMS switches |
1Univ Lyon, INSA‐Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F‐69616, Lyon, France, 2General Electric Healthcare, Buc, France, 3General Electric Healthcare, Aurora, OH, United States |
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Endoluminal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an alternative solution to conventional MRI, which is still not sufficient to image the bowel and colon wall. However, it mainly suffers from coil-sensitivity-map variations with coil-orientations within respect to the main magnetic field (B0). The purpose of this work was to study numerically different coil-geometries and their performances when positioned in different orientations regarding B0. From the simulation results, a solution of a reconfigurable endoluminal-coil using four MEMs switches is proposed. Electro-Magnetic (EM) simulation demonstrated the feasibility to reduce the coil-sensitivity variations by using a combination of Single-loop (SL) and Double-Turn-Loop (DTL) configurations. |
| 1550 | Computer 117
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Flexible multi-turn multi-gap coaxial RF coils: enabling a large range of coil sizes |
1Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2IR4M (Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique et Multi-Modalités), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France, 3Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, Nancy, France |
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Flexible single-turn coaxial RF coils with one gap in the outer and one gap in the inner conductor are restricted to a specific geometry, determined by the target resonance frequency and the specifications of the cable used. In this work we demonstrate by numerical simulations that, by combining the concept of coaxial coils with that of multiple turns and gaps transmission line resonators (MTMG TLRs) and the additional degree of freedom offered by varying the cable parameters, a large diameter range can be achieved to design 1H RF coaxial coils for most common B0 field strengths. |
| 1551 | Computer 118
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A Transceive Inductively Coupled Coil using Dual Wireless Coils for Small Animal Imaging at 15.2T |
1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea, Republic of, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon 16419, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea, Republic of |
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The ultrahigh field 15.2 T Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is characterized by high magnetic flux density (B1) sensitivity and uniformity. Therefore, it is mainly used for small animal images requiring high resolution. Generally, surface coils are used to obtain high B1 sensitivity to target brain at small animal MRI, but occasionally there is insufficient coverage to cover all of the Region of Interest, so that the desired information may not be obtained. In this study, we propose a coil with wider coverage using inductively coupling by adding dual wireless coils to one channel transceive primary coil at 15.2 T. |
| 1552 | Computer 119
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Resonant and non-resonant coupled-wire coils for small-animal multinuclear imaging |
1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France, 2Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM- UMR 7339, Marseille, France, 3Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, 4Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction de la recherche Fondamentale, NeuroSpin, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, 5ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institut Langevin, Paris, France, 6Institute of Theoretical Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, 7Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany |
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Metasurface coils coupled with an unmatched loop were suggested earlier as an alternative to classical surface and volume coils, with the aim to optimize volume and sensitivity. We developed a new approach combining a commercial surface coil and a non-resonant coupled-wire structure. With this approach, the signal contribution from the driving loop can be efficiently added to that of the wire surface. The configuration was simulated, built and tested for 1H and 19F at 7T. The results showed that this new strategy improves the coil's sensitive volume while simultaneously maintaining high SNR. |
| 1553 | Computer 120
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Imaging of Stroke in Rats using a Clinical Scanner and an Inductively Coupled Specially Designed Receiver Coil |
1Systems Neuroscience Lab, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Pamplona, Spain, 2Neos Biotec, Pamplona, Spain, 3Radiology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain |
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Imaging of small laboratory animals in clinical MRI scanners is feasible but challenging. Compared with dedicated preclinical systems, clinical scanners have relatively low main field (1.5 – 3.0 T) and gradient strength (40 – 60 mT/m). This work explores the use of wireless inductively coupled coils combined with adapted pulse sequences to overcome these two drawbacks, with a special emphasis on the optimization of the coil passive detuning circuit for this application. The images of rat brain stroke obtained show a substantial increase in SNR compared to clinical coils, and the absence of wires makes the animal preparation workflow straightforward. |
| 1554 | Computer 121
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Title: Enhancement of SNR and Sensitivity of Image in MR using Left Handed Metamaterial Lens Focusing/Converging in both direction. |
1Technology Innovation Department, Society for Applied Microwave Electronics Engineering and Research, Mumbai, India |
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Enhancement of the signal received by the surface coil is one of the interesting area to increase the SNR. Left Handed Metamaterial Lens have shown application in MRI to increase the signal strength at its converging point. We have reported the increase in receiver sensitivity by around 5 dB. In this report SNR and Sensitivity is further improved by incorporating metamaterial lens in between 2 receive chain of a 4-channel hexagonal shaped flex array coil is presented. With this method SNR is improved by 1.4 times. |
| 1555 | Computer 122
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Investigation of antenna effect on non-contact monitoring of heart and respiration rate |
1Research and Development Center, Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan |
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This paper investigates a non-contact heart and respiration rate monitoring with antennas. In order to examine antenna effect on the non-contact monitoring, differences of antenna resonant frequency or antenna type are investigated by experiment. In the experiment, it is found that the higher the antenna resonant frequency is, the easier the heart rate is identified. In addition, it is shown that by using only one open circuit end type dipole antenna, both the heart and respiration rate in spine posture can be identified. |
| 1556 | Computer 123
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Sensitivity and Uniformity Improvement of Phased Array MR Images Using Inductive Coupling and RF Detuning Circuits |
1Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies (DCGT), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, United States, 2Division of Biomedical Physics (DBP), FDA, Silver Spring, MD, United States |
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This study demonstrates improvement in MR image sensitivity and uniformity from a 4-channel phased array using a secondary resonator having switchable detuning circuits. The secondary resonator was located at the opposite side of the 4-channel phased array to improve sensitivity and uniformity of the acquired MR images. The numerical simulation results of |B1+| in a transmit mode showed the magnetic field uniformity would be decreased with the designed secondary resonator having no detuning circuits because of unwanted interferences between the transmit birdcage coil and the secondary resonator. Whereas, the sensitivity and uniformity of |B1-| in a receive mode were improved with the secondary resonator and a 4-channel phased array. For experimental verification, a uniform saline phantom and mice were analyzed by MR using a 7.0T small animal MRI system. |
| 1557 | Computer 124
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Metasurface-based wireless coil to control RF magnetic field distribution inside 1.5T MR scanner. |
1ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation |
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We demonstrate a new metasurface-based wireless coil for 1.5T MRI. A simple working frequency adjusting method let using it in a wide frequency range up to 5 MHz that make it compatible with MRI systems of different manufacturers. The design of the coil allows manipulating the radiofrequency magnetic field profile inside the large body coil improving its transceive efficiency in the target area. Phantom imaging with proposed coil approves that by changing the size of the working region is also possible to decrease the excitation power needed to provide optimal flip angle. |
| 1558 | Computer 125
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Ultra-flexible and light-weight 3-channel coaxial transmission line resonator receive-only coil array for 3T |
1Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2IR4M (Imagerie par Résonance Magnétique et Multi-Modalités), UMR 8081, Université Paris-Sud/CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France, 3Université de Lorraine, Inserm, IADI, Nancy, France |
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An ultra-flexible light-weight coaxial coil array with compact interfaces is introduced. The interfaces consist of components for tuning, active detuning, matching and preamplifier decoupling. Bench and MR tests of the array are presented and the robustness with regard to bending is demonstrated. |
| 1559 | Computer 126
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A PIN-diode-driver for fast coil tuning using low detune currents |
1Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging Group, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany, 2Research, Development and Technology (GBE), Sirona Dental Systems GmbH, Bensheim, Germany |
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To operate ultra short echo time (UTE) or zero echo time (ZTE) imaging, the ability to switch rapidly from detuned to tuned state is mandatory, as any delay causes signal loss for UTE or missing data points in the k-space center for ZTE. While propagation delays arising during radio frequency (RF) front end control can be measured and compensated, the dead time of the receive coil remains a limiting factor. In this contribution we investigated an approach to speed up PIN-diode based coil-tuning, using a dedicated driver providing a low detune current. Tuning times below $$$1000\,\mathrm{ns}$$$ could be realized. |
| 1560 | Computer 127
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UTE and ZTE on an unmodified clinical whole-body MR system using an RF signal acquisition system operating in parallel achieving an acquisition delay of less then $$$2\,\mathrm{\text{µ}s}$$$ |
1Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging Group, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany, 2Research, Development and Technology (GBE), Sirona Dental Systems GmbH, Bensheim, Germany, 3Ulm University, Ulm, Germany |
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Ultra short echo time and zero echo time imaging on clinical systems are, even on modern systems, still limited by the rather long transient time required for switching from transmit to receive mode. In this contribution a complete receive-only chain was interfaced to an unmodified clinical whole-body MR system. Synchronization is achieved by a single trigger line as temporal reference and a time base signal, thus ensuring minimal interference and phase synchronous operation in parallel to the clinical system. An acquisition delay, between the real end of the excitation pulse and the beginning of signal acquisition, below $$$2\,\mathrm{\text{µ}s}$$$ could be realized. |
| 1561 | Computer 128
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Necessity for detuning large volume coils? |
1UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2MR Coils BV, Zaltbommel, Netherlands, 3Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, JR Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Implementing diode detuning on transmit coils is complicated and leads to a loss in efficiency on the transmit side. It has been common practice to include it nevertheless with the aim of preventing loss of receive efficiency and noise correlation between receiver through coupling via the body coil. However, nowadays, receiver coil elements are orders of magnitude smaller so flux linkage is intrinsically low. Moreover, the operating frequency is high to maintain strong tissue-loading, and finally preamplifier decoupling is applied to reduce the effects of mutual coupling. Here we show the coupling to receiver arrays for three non-detuned body coils. |
| 1562 | Computer 129
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Traveling-Wave Excitation for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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One primary factor limiting the extension of electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI) beyond small animal applications is the challenge of create uniform RF fields at the higher RF frequencies needed to achieve the desired sensitivity. In this abstract, we discuss the development of a traveling-wave spectrometer operating in continuous-wave mode at 115 MHz. The spectrometer uses a parallel-plate waveguide supporting transverse electromagnetic waves to create a uniform transmit field and uses a conventional receive coil. We demonstrate the feasibility of a traveling wave system and its potential to be developed into an EPR imaging system. |
| 1563 | Computer 130
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A switch matrix to enable passive cloaking of a metasurface resonator for MRI applications |
1Medical Wireless Sensing Ltd, London, United Kingdom, 2Metamaterial Technologies Inc., Dartmouth, NS, Canada, 3Department of Informatics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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We present a switch matrix for automatic tuning and detuning of a metasurface-resonator employed to enhance MRI scanning performance. A digital circuit with an inductor was used to pick up the magnetic field and generate a clock for switching which does not require any wire connection to the MRI scanner. The clock was used to activate an array of MOSFET switches, each of them connected to an adjacent pair of parallel wires of the resonator. The circuit was tested using a solenoid and the metasurface resonance frequency was successfully tuned and detuned (cloaked) when the magnetic field was off-on respectively. |
| 1564 | Computer 131
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Effects of Parallel Imaging Acceleration on SNR Improvement with a High-Permittivity Helmet Shaped Former at Different Field Strengths |
1Radiology, Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York, NY, United States, 3University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Use of high-permittivity materials has recently shown very promising results in terms of reduction of B1 inhomogeneities and increase of SNR. In particular, significant SNR increases have been predicted for a high-permittivity helmet former within a close fitting head array. With this solution, for a 7T MRI system, an average SNR increase approaching 50% was obtained in the brain with SNR peak improvements of more than 200%. Until now, however, the effects of the high-permittivity helmet on g-factor and parallel imaging have not been examined. In this work, for three different acceleration rates we evaluate the impact of gfactor when a high-permittivity helmet shaped former is used in two different head arrays at two different field strengths. |
| 1565 | Computer 132
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The miniaturisation and simplification of a crossbar switch matrix system using stacked switch blocks |
1Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine - 4, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Juelich, Germany, 2Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Juelich, Germany, 3JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 4Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany |
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The crossbar-type matrix creates open-stubs of varying length, depending on the switch configuration, which potentially degrades the MR image quality. However, this issue can be overcome efficiently with the use of a compensation circuit. But as the number of receive coils increases, a larger number of RF switches is required. In this study, we propose a miniaturised crossbar switch matrix which employs two independent, stacked boards. |
| 1566 | Computer 133
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On the Relationship Between Field Strength and Permittivity for Desired Effects of High-Permittivity Materials in MRI |
1Radiology, New York University, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Experience and general understanding dictate that greater relative permittivity is required to produce a similar effect at lower B0 field strengths and B1 frequencies. Here we use some fundamental explanations and preliminary numerical results for improving receive array performance at different field strengths to propose, more specifically, that permittivity should increase approximately with the inverse of the square of the field strength for an expected effect. |
| 1567 | Computer 134
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MEMS-based Ratio Adjustable Power Splitters for in-bore Switching of Transmit Array Compression Networks |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 5Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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A large number of coils in parallel transmission enables higher excitation accuracy with lower SAR, but the high cost and siting challenges associated with |
| 1568 | Computer 135
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Effect of high dielectric constant material configurations on the transmission field of an 8-channel dipole array at 10.5 T (447 MHz) |
1Pennsylvania State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States, 2Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, State college, PA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, The Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, New York University, New York, NY, United States, 4Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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We used numerical simulations to investigate the effect of high dielectric constant materials (HDCM) on the performance of a transmit array with 8 dipole antennas for 10.5 T head MRI. Several parameters, including B1+ transmit efficiency, coupling between each array elements, and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), were evaluated in the presence of HDCM with various relative permittivity values. We show that employing HDCM can decrease the coupling between each adjacent element by 16%, increase B1+ efficiency by more than 30% and lower total SAR by 40%. |
| 1569 | Computer 136
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Quality assurance of 8-channel transmit/receive switches for a 32-channel transmit/receive system at 7T UHF MRI |
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MR Imaging, Essen, Germany, 2High-Field and Hybrid MR Imaging, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany, 3Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Faculty of Physics and Astronomy and Faculty of Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany |
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With increasing number of transmit and receive channels it becomes more and more important to monitor the behavior of the RF chain over time since weaknesses of custom-built hardware need to be known to the investigator. In this work, a quality assurance procedure for four identical 8-channel transmit/receive switchboxes for a 32-channel transmit/receive MR system at 7T is presented. In repeated measurements of a homogeneous phantom with an 8-channel transmit/receive coil, metrics like flip angle distribution, SNR and noise correlation are used to automatically assess quantitatively if significant changes of the hardware did occur. |
| 1570 | Computer 137
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Bilateral Breast coil for Fast Field-Cycling Relaxometric MRI |
1Biomedical Physics, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom, 2Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom |
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Our research group is investigating the use of Fast Field-Cycling MRI (FFC-MRI) for clinical applications. Recent results have confirmed the presence of interesting FFC-MRI biomarkers in breast cancer that could lead to important applications. To study this we are developing an FFC-MRI compatible breast coil for use on patients. This work is presented here and shows excellent results, paving the way to clinical applications. |
| 1571 | Computer 138
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Control synchronization of power supplies and gradient amplifiers for better utilization of energy storage in MRI scanner |
1GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, United States, 2GE GR JFW Technology Center, Bengaluru, India |
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The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gradient driver is a high-performance inverter that provides large peak currents, >1000A, for the gradient magnetic fields used for imaging. MR system has capacitors for energy storage at the amplifier stage input voltages. Volume/weight reduction in energy storage elements is one of the challenging issue in design of compact and efficient MRI gradient system. It is possible to reduce capacitance value in energy storage elements by synchronizing the control of the gradient driver different subsystems. Control synchronization is achieved by providing reference value of coil current simultaneously to the different controller of the MRI system. |
| 1572 | Computer 139
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A three-element triple-tuned array implemented with switchable matching and tuning |
1Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States |
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This work describes a geometrically decoupled three-element array triple-tuned for 1H, 13C, and 31P at 3T implemented with switchable matching and tuning using PIN diodes. These particular nuclei were chosen to demonstrate the frequency range of the method, but the approach is extendable to any nuclei of interest. Although the Q of the coils was degraded by the switching network, the use of PIN diodes enabled straightforward tuning and development. |
| 1573 | Computer 140
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On the minimum phase control required for B1 shimming |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States |
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Phase only B1 shimming is a cost-effective and simple approach to improving RF field homogeneity for high field MRI. Without a multiple channel transmitter, this is implemented by switching transmission lines or possibly lumped element phase shift networks. This abstract investigates the minimum phase shift required in a potential multi-bit electronic phase shifter. For practical shimming solutions, those not requiring significant increases in power to achieve a 90 degree tip angle as compared to ‘birdcage’ or conjugate phase currents, it is concluded that 45 degrees may be a sufficient resolution for such a phase shifter. |
| 1574 | Computer 141
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Digitally Controlled High-Power Phase Shifter for B1 Shimming at 7T |
1Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States |
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To mitigate electromagnetic wave interference in high field MRI, RF shimming relies on the ability to manipulate the phase and amplitude of the Tx signal on each channel. The simplest approach is to change phase shifts by switching transmission lines. We propose an electronically controlled phase shifter providing eight different states of phase shifting (0°, 22.5°…...135°, 157.5°), designed to handle 1kW Tx power and is non-magnetic so that it can be used in the magnet room. Measurement demonstrate an average insertion loss of -0.94dB and an average phase error -1.35° compared with design values. |
| 1575 | Computer 142
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Receiver ring-down attenuation for Ultra-Low field MR |
1Centre for advanced imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany |
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Ultra-low field MR detector coils experience long dead-times which reduce acquisition efficiency. We present a simple low insertion loss Q-damping scheme and a post-processing method that, combined, allow earlier signal acquisition. Proposed methods have been empirically verified with a cylindrical detector at 2.5 kHz. This approach can improve imaging efficiency for ULF MR considerably, promoting the use of inexpensive resistive coils for low-cost, portable ULF MR instruments. |
| 1576 | Computer 143
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Self-decoupled coils for MRI receiver arrays based in an external resonator |
1Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark |
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A method of decoupling coils by the use of an external resonator has been developed. The method provides several advantages as a decoupling strategy which does not strongly depend on the input impedance of the amplifier, can use flexible wires and provide a low dependence of the coupling to the position of one coil relative to the other. The concept was initially developed for cryogenic coils due to its simple implementation but is presented to room temperature Copper-based receivers. |
| 1577 | Computer 144
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Massively Accelerated Simulations of High-Permittivity Materials in Multi-Channel Receive Arrays |
1Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 2Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands, 3Philips Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany |
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High-permittivity materials are known to offer potential increases in the sensitivity of RF coils, increasing SNR or reducing SAR. Design guidelines are not straightforward, however, in part due to complex coil interactions. We here present a numerical method for the rapid (e.g. ~1 sec) assessment of dielectric materials positioned in a 3T torso receive array, enabling full exploitation of this technology. |
| 1578 | Computer 145
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Water-tunable Spiral Metamaterial Resonator for Radiofrequency Field Enhancement for Receive Coils at 1.5T |
1Engineering Product Development, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore, 2Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore |
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We present a low-profile tunable spiral metamaterial resonator for radio-frequency field enhancement and penetration increase for receive coils at 1.5T MRI. The resonator consists of a dielectric substrate with a cavity for water deposition and two conducting spirals placed on each side of the substrate. The proposed structure is placed between a receive loop-coil and a load. The resonance frequency of the coil-spiral system can be varied within a range of 15MHz by changing the water volume in the cavity from 0ml to 12ml. The system shows a magnetic field refocusing and enhancement with a considerable increase in penetration depth. |
| 1579 | Computer 146
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Shunt, don't block: A New Approach to Dual Nuclear Coil Design. |
1MBI, U of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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Development of dual nuclear coils with high efficiency on both 1H and X remains a challenge. The advent of hyperpolarized 13C imaging and hyperpolarized rare gas imaging has provided impetus for developing such a coil. In this work, we report prototype 1H/13C surface coil that makes use of tune/match circuits augmented by high performance shunt notch filters constructed from hybrid transmission line circuits. In this design, all conductive elements in the utility region are simultaneously resonant with high efficiency on both 1H and X. The design may be extended to both volume and array coils for most 1H/X pairs. |
| 1580 | Computer 147
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A triple tuned coil and front-end for simultaneous multinuclear MR imaging and spectroscopy |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States, 2Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States |
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There are several ways to implement simultaneous acquisition for multiple nuclei. A single-port triple tuned coil is the simplest structure and has the best potential for integration into multiband arrays. This abstract demonstrates an approach to acquire three nuclei (1H/23Na/2H) MRS simultaneously by using a home-built broadband spectrometer with a triple tuned coil. The broadband spectrometer front-end is capable of providing separate gains to each of studied nucleus where signal sensitivity variation is large and can reduce data throughput load by using undersampling techniques while still maintaining similar performance as a Varian Inova system. |
| 1581 | Computer 148
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Interactive hand gestures for HoloLens rendering control of real-time MR images |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Interactive Commons, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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User interactions via hand gestures are added to a real-time data acquisition, image reconstruction, and mixed-reality display system to allow a user to interact more flexibly with the rendering. Images at precalibrated slice locations are acquired and displayed in real-time to the user, who is able to toggle between viewing some or many slices as well rotate, resize, and dynamically adjust the window and level of the rendering. |
| 1582 | Computer 149
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Dynamic Dual Frequency Transmit and Receive Coil Pair for Development of a New Open MRI System |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States |
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We present progress on development and testing of a two-coil array with each coil separately and dynamically tunable between dual frequencies. This test setup works toward the goal of developing a larger nine-element coil array for a new style of open MRI system utilizing the Bloch-Siegert shift at low Bo field. The array design is such that pairs of coils are selected for transmission at ~850kHz while allowing simultaneous receive at ~1MHz on the non transmitting coils. We discuss the construction and present measurements of RF scattering parameters of a two-coil test setup. |
| 1583 | Computer 150
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A highly-miniaturized inverted cable trap |
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Cable traps are commonly used for RF coils to suppress the common-mode current flowing on the outer conductor of coaxial cables. In massive-element array coils, conventional cable traps become cumbersome and not easy to assemble due to the limited space. In this work, we propose a novel circuit component called an “inverted cable trap”, which uses the outer conductor of a coaxial cable to form a capacitor rather than an inductor and which can be highly miniaturized. This inverted trap suppresses common-mode signals by up to -23 dB at 300 MHz which makes it valuable for operations at 7T. |
| 1584 | Computer 151
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MR to pseudo CT conversion: Combining Deep-Learning and Analytical Image Processing |
1GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 2GE Global Research, Bangalore, India, 3GE Healthcare, Stockholm, Sweden, 4LITIS, Rouen, France, 5GE Healthcare, Paris, France, 6Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 7Umeå University, Umea, Sweden, 8Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France |
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Here we present an improved method for ZTE to pseudo CT conversion by combining an analytical signal model (i.e. ZTE to CT signal scaling) with Connected Component Analysis (CCA) and Deep Learning (DL) based air vs. bone discrimination. The method is demonstrated for the two main anatomical regions (head&neck and pelvis) and the two main field strengths (1.5T and 3T) of interest. |
| 1585 | Computer 152
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First MRI of the human spinal cord at 9.4T |
1Hochfeld-Magnetresonanz, Max-Planck-Institut für biologische Kybernetik, Tübingen, Germany |
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This study presents the first anatomical images of the human cervical spinal cord recorded at the ultrahigh field strengths of 9.4 T. The images were acquired with a Gradient-Echo-Sequence. Different sequence parameters and resolutions were compared. The highest in-plane resolution was 0.2 mm x 0.2 mm. These high-resolution images show the details of the spinal cord and the surrounding tissue clearly. All measurements were acquired with an 8-channel transmit-, 16-channel receive-tight-fit array coil, originally dedicated for brain applications. |
| 1586 | Computer 153
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An generalized single MR image super resolution approach using combined super-resolution network and cycle-consistent adversarial network |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States |
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Traditional inception-based convolutional neural networks (CNN) are proved to be capable of tackling high resolution image restoration, yet they are poor at generalization due to the supervised learning procedure. We proposed a combination of CNN-based super resolution network and generative adversarial network, to make full use of the learning of high resolution from CNN, as well as to improve the generalization of the network, by preserving the original contrast of the sequence. The result shows that our proposed network could perform MR super resolution across sequences with higher quality than that from a single CNN network. |
| 1587 | Computer 154
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Robust detection and potential application in orientation tracking of a small-amplitude field oscillation independent of location in the scanner bore and parallel to the static magnetic field. |
1Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre (CUBIC), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa |
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We explore the possible uses of a 40-kHz switching signal that is proportional to the gradient slew rate. The signal was identified by probing the rate of change of the magnetic flux density in the MRI scanner using a three-dimensional pickup coil. The signal is independent of both the orientation of the pickup coil and location in the scanner bore, and is directed parallel to the static magnetic field. This indicates that it is not caused by current in the gradient coils. These properties make this signal a useful vector reference that could be used for orientation tracking or time frame synchronisation. |
| 1588 | Computer 155
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FPGA-based coprocessor for real-time SENSE reconstruction: Design and Implementation |
1Electrical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan |
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In real-time clinical settings, high speed systems have become imperative to meet the large data processing requirements of parallel MRI algorithms e.g. SENSE. Field-Programmable-Gate-Arrays (FPGAs) have recently emerged as a viable solution to adhere the rising demands of fast data processing by exploiting the inherent parallelism of SENSE reconstruction algorithm. This paper presents the first design effort to implement high performance 32-bit floating-point FPGA-based coprocessor for real-time SENSE reconstruction using high-level-synthesis (HLS) frame work. In-vivo results of 8-channel 1.5T human-head dataset show that the proposed system speeds up the image reconstruction time up to 1000x without compromising the image quality. |
| 1589 | Computer 156
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Circumventing Radiation Beam and RF-Coil Collisions in a Rotating B0 Linac-MR Hybrid using a Three-channel Array |
1Medical Physics, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Oncology, Division of Medical Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada |
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Hybrid radiation therapy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems are providing new options for cancer therapy. In our design the B0 rotates on a gantry along with the linear accelerator (linac) for treatment delivery. This introduces new challenges to RF-coil design as the plane of MR precession changes depending on gantry angle. Our three channel array is appropriate for the head and consists of two butterfly coils and a circular loop. The array provides equal SNR at all gantry angles while allowing a radiation window to avoid collisions between the radiation beam and the RF-coils. |
| 1590 | Computer 157
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Designing a multichannel TMS/MRI system for 3 T: a 7-channel RF receive-only coil array prototype |
1Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Tristan Technologies, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States |
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An integrated multichannel TMS/MRI head coil array for 3T is currently under development to enable electronically controlled multifocal TMS with concurrent whole-head fMRI. To test the feasibility of the proposed RF hardware design, a 7-channel RF receive-only coil array prototype was built. Calculated B+1 maps showed the attenuating effect of the TMS coil on the transmit field. The improvement by retuning the affected RF loops was demonstrated using MPRAGE images. Functional images showed no additional artefacts when TMS pulses were interleaved between the EPI volumes. The prototype results support our RF hardware design approach for the TMS/MRI system. |
| 1591 | Computer 158
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3D Printed Mouse Brain Holders for High Throughput Ex Vivo MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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High throughput MRI of ex vivo mouse brains has been established as a powerful tool for studying mouse models of neurological disorders. These studies have used a RF coil array to image up to 16 mouse brains simultaneously; however, most pre-clinical MRI facilities are not equipped with multiple receivers and may not have a high field magnet with sufficient bore size to accommodate multiple coils. Here, we present designs for 3D-printed multiple mouse brain holders that can be produced inexpensively and enable high quality multiple mouse brain MRI with RF coils ≥ 25 mm diameter. |
| 1592 | Computer 159
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Preliminary Investigation of the Vibration Characteristics and Isolation Requirements of a Prototype MRI Scanner |
1Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada |
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A persistent issue with MRI scanners is inadequate vibration isolation. The objective of this work is to implement vibration isolation in a prototype MRI scanner base to minimize stringent and costly structural requirements for MRI suites. To first use a computational model of an MRI base as an analysis tool, modal analysis has been conducted to validate the model. Furthermore, analysis of a pneumatic isolator has been completed to assess its suitability to the MRI application. Testing demonstrated adequate performance of the isolator under most expected loading cases. Computational analysis of an idealized isolator model supports the experimental results. |
| 1593 | Computer 160
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Plastic Bricks in MRI: An Efficient Way to Build Static and Dynamic Phantoms |
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany |
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Novel MRI techniques are typically tested on phantoms, hence static and dynamic phantom setups are required during development. However, MRI phantoms are either off-the-shelf components which are expensive and not very flexible or are custom-built which is time-consuming and often requires specialized equipment. Here we report our experience using plastic bricks to build a variety of static and dynamic phantoms. |
| 1594 | Computer 161
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A method for suppressing simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging artifacts caused by RF distortions |
1UIH America, Houston, TX, United States, 2United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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In simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) imaging, the multi-band RF pulses have complicated waveforms and may suffer from distortions, which can cause sideband excitations and result in image artifacts. We have proposed a simple method for correcting the RF distortions using a prescan of the RF output, which can be conveniently integrated in general SMS applications to suppress such artifacts with a negligible increase of scan time. |
| 1595 | Computer 162
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A 3T MRI platform for imaging rodent models by integrating a dedicated high-strength gradient coil on a whole-body magnet |
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 4Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany, 5JARA - BRAIN - Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany, 6Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 7MR Solutions Ltd., Guildford, United Kingdom, 8Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, 9Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan |
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In this study, a high-strength gradient coil dedicated for imaging rodent models has been successfully integrated on a whole-body 3T MRI magnet. The imaging capability of this system has been qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrated using phantom, ex-vivo specimen and in-vivo rat experiments. Since the hardware components used for integration on our system are independent from system vendors, this study can be a practically useful guide, especially for those who want to conduct small animal imaging on clinically used magnets. |
| 1596 | Computer 163
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Solid material resembling human tissues:a white and gray matter brain phantom. |
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 4Faculty of Chemistry, Deparment of Organic Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Department of Radiology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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In this work we present a solid brain phantom that resemble the anatomy and T2 relaxation times of the brain. The developed material is a 3-component mix. Adjusting the relative concentration of the compounds allow to modulate T2 relaxation time, following a linear relationship within a range of 145 to 263ms. The resulting solid phantom can reproduce correctly the geometry of white and gray matter. The range of achievable T2 relaxation times makes possible the construction of phantoms that could mimic a wide range of biological tissues. |
| 1597 | Computer 164
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Rapid Material Characterization For 3D-printed MRI Coils: A Deep Learning Approach |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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A novel material characterization approach which is based on a microstrip line test fixture paired with deep learning analysis, is presented to optimize the use of additive manufacturing (3D-printing) in constructing the structure of MRI coils with arbitrary 3D geometries. This type of manufacturing is appealing because it can be used to construct geometries that are time-consuming and expensive to make using traditional machining methods. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations are efficient and promising technique to expedite the design process of MRI coils and therefore, it is crucial to include the electrical properties of 3D-printed materials in the electromagnetic simulations because it affects coil performance. |
| 1598 | Computer 165
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MR thermometry guided RF hyperthermia in the head and neck region – does the new MRcollar affect the imaging? |
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC - Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 2Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic, 3Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 4Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Eindhoven, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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Clinical studies established that adjuvant effect of mild hyperthermia can be improved by increasing thermal dose, which can be improved by online 3D dosimetry. To take advantage of MR thermometry, we developed an MR compatible head and neck RF hyperthermia applicator prototype for the head and neck region: the MRcollar. To establish the impact of the MRcollar on image quality, we imaged B1+ map and calculated the Signal-to-Noise Ratio when the body coil was used. |
| 1599 | Computer 166
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A Frequency Selective RF Shield for MR Guided Thermal Therapies at 3T |
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2NeoTherma Oncology Inc., Wichita, KS, United States |
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A proof of concept, a passive frequency selective RF shield was designed and constructed to block a single frequency (13.56 MHz) from passing through the shield. S21 and phantom SNR measurements demonstrate near transparency to the 123 MHz imaging frequency. |
| 1600 | Computer 167
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High Resolution PWM Generation for High Frequency Switching Gradient Amplifier Control |
1Aselsan A.S., Ankara, Turkey, 2Electrical-Electronics Engineering, Bilkent Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey, 3National Magnetic Resonance Center, Bilkent Universitesi, Ankara, Turkey |
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Recently gradient array systems draw attention of researchers with their capabilities. However, it is crucial to drive all array elements as desired to be able to spoil all the advantages of the gradient array. In terms of adjusting the timing of the gradient pulses, generating pulse width modulation (PWM) signals from one source, i.e. a single FPGA, for all array amplifiers would be a good solution. However, required number of bits to generate PWM signal would be limited to clock frequency. In this abstract, required digital resolution to generate PWM signals is analyzed and a method to generate PWM signals with resolution less than using I/O delay (IODELAY) elements of virtex7 family FPGA is presented. |
| 1601 | Computer 168
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A High Duty Cycle, Multi-channel, RF Power Amplifier for High Resolution TRASE MRI |
1Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, 2Department of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland |
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A radiofrequency (RF) power amplifier is an essential component of any MRI system. Unfortunately, no commercial amplifier exists to fulfill the needs of the transmit array spatial encoding (TRASE) technique, requiring minimum 50% duty cycle, high output power 1 kW and independently controlled multi-channel capability. Hence a home-made dual channel RF power amplifier dedicated for TRASE at 0.22 T (9.27 MHz) was made using commercially available components. High spatial resolution one-dimensional TRASE was obtained with the power amplifier to demonstrate its capability. The results were compared with the commercial amplifiers, Analogic AN8110 and TOMCO BT00500, exceeding performance considering electronic noise and duty cycle. |
| 1602 | Computer 169
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A Novel Asymmetric 16-Element pTx Transceiver Coil Array: Towards Denser Elements for Improved RF-Shimming and G-Factor for Parallel Cardiac MRI in Pigs at 7T |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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A novel 8Tx/16Rx coil array was designed, simulated, and tested in phantom and for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) ex-vivo pigs at 7T. The 16-elements of the array were distributed on a half-elliptical shape housing. Combined signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) maps and FA-maps were acquired using the developed coil before and after RF-shimming. The novel cardiac array supports parallel imaging with acceleration factors of up to R=4 without a significant degradation in the image quality. High-resolution ex-vivo cardiac images were acquired with 0.3mm x 0.3mm in plane resolution. The dedicated coil enhances the SNR within the heart by about six-times compared to a commercial human cardiac coil array. |
| 1603 | Computer 170
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Highly decoupled shielded loop coils as receive array elements for 7T MRI |
1Radiology Department, C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden, Netherlands |
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We propose a shielded loop coil design for operation as a receive array element at 7T. The proposed coil geometry provides high decoupling between adjacent and non-adjacent loop elements without overlapping or preamplifier decoupling. A four-coil receive array was constructed for high resolution imaging of the knee at 7T. The coil coupling between the elements for in-vivo measurements was lower than -26 dB. Images with an isotropic resolution of 0.7 x 0.7 x 0.7 mm were acquired in five minutes. |
| 1604 | Computer 171
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Optimization of the degenerate birdcage transmit array coil for minimum coupling |
1Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey, 2National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey |
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This abstract introduced a methodology to minimize the magnetic coupling between non-adjacent channels in a degenerate birdcage transmit array coil (DBC) by optimizing some of its physical parameters. The method is based on minimization of the mutual-inductances normalized by the self-inductances. Optimum radius, length in the z-direction, the width of end-rings, and the width of rungs are found for a 3T shielded twelve-channel head DBC with capacitive decoupled loops. Finite element based simulation results confirmed the validity of the results. |
| 1605 | Computer 172
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Optimization of Phase Presets of Multi-Channel Transceiver Arrays for 7T Cardiac MRI |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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Multiple-element transmit (mTx) phased array technology provides significant improvement of the B1+-field homogeneity in ultra-high field (B0≥7T) cardiac MRI (cMRI). We propose time efficient semi-combinatorial approach of finding optimal Tx-elements phases presets. The proposed technique allows for searching the transmitter phases providing absolute optimum for а targeted B1+-field cost functions using high redundancy of optimal phase vector space. The technique was tested for pre-phasing of the in-house-built mTX-arrays in pigs at 7T cMRI. Improvement of the B1+-field homogeneity of >100% and SNR gain >50% was achieved using 10% of the computation time needed when compared with brute-force optimization. |
| 1606 | Computer 173
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The double-tuned floating cable trap: design and first results |
1Division MR Physics, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Wien, Austria, 2IKEM (Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine), Vídeňská 1958/9, 140 21 Praha 4, Czech Republic, Praha, Czech Republic, 3TUL (Technical University of Liberec), Studentská 1402/2,461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic, Liberec, Czech Republic |
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We present a new design for a double-resonant floating cable trap that consists of two nested floating traps suppressing common mode currents at two frequencies simultaneously. An implementation for 1H and 31P at 7 Tesla is presented and its properties are investigated on the bench. |
| 1607 | Computer 174
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A “Less-for-More” Concept in Array Coil Design |
1Quality Electrodynamics, LLC, Mayfield Village, OH, United States |
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We present a novel “Less-for-More” concept for array coil by joining different coils as one RF channel with transmission lines. This concept not only simplifies the coil design but also achieves optimum isolation among all channels by overlapping. A 4-ch 8-loop knee coil at 1.5T was constructed to demonstrate this concept. The test result shows similar signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the center to a commercial 1.5T 15-channel Tx/Rx knee coil’s. Furthermore, additional acceleration at g factor 2 in SI direction is also achieved with a 4-ch only coil besides axial accelerations. |
| 1608 | Computer 175
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Design of a 12-channel rhesus head coil array for functional MRI at 3 T |
1Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 2Lauterbur Imaging Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4UCSF/UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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In this work, a 12-channel rhesus head coil array for functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was designed, constructed and evaluated by imaging experiments in phantom studies and in-vivo studies. Compared to a commercially available 12-channel knee coil, the proposed 12-channel rhesus head coil provides improved performance not only in SNR and parallel imaging capability, but also in temporal SNR (tSNR) in resting-state fMRI studies. |
| 1609 | Computer 1
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The Use of Relaxation Maps from Synthetic MRI in Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China, 2Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Synthetic MRI enables absolute quantification of T1, T2 and (proton density) PD value. The aim of the study was to primarily evaluate the feasibility of synthetic MRI in differential diagnosis of (prostate cancer) PCa. We analyzed 18 PCa lesions in 14 PCa patients, 26 SH (stromal hyperplasia), 25 GH (glandular hyperplasia) nodules and 21 prostatitis areas in 22 non-PCa patients who underwent multi-parameter MRI before needle biopsy. T1WI, T2WI, DWI and MAGiC (magnetic resonance image compilation) sequences were acquired respectively. Our results showed the T1 and T2 value of PCa lesion was significantly lower than GH nodule and prostatitis area. The PD value of PCa lesion was significantly lower than GH nodule. We concluded that synthetic MRI was helpful for differential diagnosis of PCa. |
| 1610 | Computer 2
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Two exploratory radiomics segmentation algorithms in T2-weighted imaging analysis for predicting apical positive surgical margins of prostate cancer: A pilot study |
1Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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SynopsisThis retrospective study aims to compare the two different segmentation algorithms of radiomics analysis for predicting the apical surgical margin (SM) status before radical prostatectomy (RP). Preoperative prostate MR scans were performed for 76 enrolled patients and T2-weighted images was assessed by a radiomics model, using two different delineating methods: including the surrounding tissues of the targeted lesions or not. Finally 152 bilateral surgical margins’ status (training dataset: n = 110, testing dataset: n = 38) were evaluated. The result demonstrated the segmentation algorithms were comparable, of which the new method might reduce the delineation work for future radiomics research. |
| 1611 | Computer 3
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Test-retest repeatability of ADC measurements using MUSE: Evaluation in phantoms and prostate |
1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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In this study, we evaluated the repeatability of multiplexed sensitivity-encoding (MUSE) DW-EPI apparent diffusion coefficient measurements (ADC) in phantom and prostate images. High quality test-retest prostate and phantom ADC maps obtained from phantom and volunteer studies measured values using MUSE (2-4 interleaves) were within 1.4-4.7% (phantom) and 3.2-14.7% (prostate) of one another. In comparison, test-retest repeatability results for standard single-shot EPI (acceleration factor=2) were 4.5-9.4% (phantom) and 15.2-19.2% (prostate). MUSE images exhibit reduced geometric distortion. |
| 1612 | Computer 4
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A Fully Automatic Blind Estimation of Tumor Microvascular Permeability using Embedded Unsupervised Regularizations based on Prostate DCE-MRI |
1Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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Vascular permeability can reflect tumorigenesis and metastasis. Previous dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance |
| 1613 | Computer 5
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Comparison of 12 different constructs of pre-trained convolutional encoders for semantic segmentation in prostate brachytherapy MRI |
1Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 2Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, 3Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States |
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Anatomy contouring is essential in quantifying the dose delivered to the prostate and surrounding anatomy after low-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy. Currently, five anatomical structures including the prostate, rectum, seminal vesicles, external urinary sphincter, and bladder, are contoured manually by a radiation oncologist. In this work, we investigated six convolutional encoder-decoder networks for automatic segmentation of the five organs. Six pretrained convolutional encoders and two loss functions were investigated. This yielded twelve different models for comparison. Results indicated that classification accuracy of convolutional encoders pretrained on the ImageNet dataset positively correlated with semantic segmentation accuracy in prostate MRI. |
| 1614 | Computer 6
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Object Recognition for Fully Automated Reference Tissue Normalization of T2-weighted MR Images of the Prostate |
1Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 2Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway |
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T2-weighted MRI, an integrated part of multi-parametric MRI for prostate cancer diagnostics, is indispensable for qualitative evaluation of prostate anomalies. For quantitative assessment, however, normalization is necessary for comparison within and between patients. In this study, we developed and validated a fully automated object recognition method for multi-reference tissue normalization. The performance of the method was superior to existing fully automated normalization strategies, and the resulting pseudo T2 values were close to true T2 values from literature. The developed multi-reference tissue normalization method may thus improve the reproducibility and diagnostic performance of T2-weighted image features in future quantitative applications. |
| 1615 | Computer 7
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Application of hierarchical clustering to multi-parametric MR in prostate: Differentiation of tumor and normal tissue with high accuracy |
1Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan, 3Department of Radiology, Kobe University Hospital, Hyogo, Japan, 4Asia Pacific, Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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Recently, machine learning (ML) or deep learning (DL) techniques has gain more attention for prostate cancer (PCa) detection. However, DL is often described as “black boxes” and difficult to explain results. In this study, hierarchical clustering (HC),an unsupervised ML technique, was applied to multi-parametric MR to differentiate PCa. DWI (IVIM and DKI) and permeability parameters were used for HC. Comparison of HC methods was conducted. We demonstrated that HC can accurately differentiate PCa and normal tissue (PZ: 97.5%, TZ: 95.7%), with an comparable to state-of-the-art D and K. Contrary to DL, HC produces results that can be interpreted (heatmaps). |
| 1616 | Computer 8
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Optimized 3D Variable Flip Angle Fast Spin Echo: Simulating Different Prostate Tissue Types to Improve Contrast for Prostate Cancer Detection |
1Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, United States, 2Radiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, United States |
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MRI of the prostate has become a crucial component of prostate cancer diagnosis. Most clinical sites use 2D FSE for T2 imaging. However, drawbacks exist and some institutions have moved to 3D using FSE-VFL. While groups have presented clinical results using FSE-VFL, none have published detailed investigations of different flip angle trajectories and parameter choices for maximizing lesion contrast in prostate cancer imaging. Flip angle trajectories were simulated for 3D FSE-VFL using T1 and T2 appropriate for prostate and then tested in a phantom. Overall, signal simulations proved useful for analyzing different parameters and flip angle trajectories for T2-weighted sequences. |
| 1617 | Computer 9
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Computer aided diagnosis of prostate cancer in central gland using GOIA-sLASER 1H MRS |
1The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 2Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 3Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Newcastle, Australia, 4Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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The aim of the work described in this paper is twofold. First, evaluate the efficacy of the GOIA- |
| 1618 | Computer 10
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New three-parameter mathematical model for accurately fitting early enhancement of ultrafast dynamic contrast enhanced MRI to improve diagnosis of prostate cancer |
1Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Ultrafast DCE-MRI shows promise for detection of cancers. However, existing simple mathematical models do not have a smooth transition from baseline to early uptake phase and thus do not accurately model the early kinetics. Here we developed a new three-parameter model by combining a 4th-order rational and exponential function, namely REM (rational-exponential-model). Ultrafast prostate DCE-MRI was used to verify the accuracy of REM and compare the REM with two other models. The curvatures during initial enhancement and transition to washout were calculated. The REM characterized contrast agent kinetics for ultrafast DCE-MRI more accurately than previously developed models and thus improved diagnostic accuracy. |
| 1619 | Computer 11
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Developments of Unet, Unet plus Conditional Random Field Insert, and Bayesian Vnet CNNs for Zonal Prostate Segmentation |
1Department of Radiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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We studied 2d and 3d fully convolutional neural network for zonal prostate segmentation from T2 weighted MRI data. We also introduce a new methodology that combines Unet and conditional random field insert (CRFI) to improve the accuracy and robustness of the segmentation. |
| 1620 | Computer 12
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Joint estimation of the field inhomogeneity and geometrical distortion for quantitative susceptibility mapping of the prostate |
1Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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The geometrical distortions of MR images are potential source of error in MR-based radiation therapy planning (RTP) which requires accurate anatomical delineation. Beside the system-specific residual distortions, presence of any susceptibility-mismatch within the region of interest may lead to image distortion. We have recently proposed an algorithm based on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for post-implant dosimetry of prostate brachytherapy seeds. In this study, the undistorted field map in patients with and without implanted seeds was estimated and images were corrected accordingly, then QSM was performed. In patients with implanted seeds, distortion correction improved the accuracy of the QSM reconstruction. |
| 1621 | Computer 13
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Variable Flip Angle T1 Consistency with and without Compensating for B1+ inhomogeneity in 3T Prostate MRI |
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Reliable pre-contrast T1 estimation is crucial for quantitative DCE MRI. Variable flip angle is widely used for pre-contrast T1 measurements and is sensitive to B1+ inhomogeneity. Although various B1+ techniques have been proposed, the application of B1+ compensation is not widely accepted yet. In this study, by evaluating T1 intra-scanner and inter-scanner consistency with and without B1+ compensation, we confirmed the necessity to perform B1+ compensation and a B1+ estimation method named reference region variable flip angle (RR-VFA) is recommended due to its consistent T1 estimation and wide availability. |
| 1622 | Computer 14
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A quality control system for automated prostate segmentation on T2-weighted MRI |
1Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technolog, Trondheim, Norway, 2Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway, 3Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States |
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Computer-aided detection and diagnosis (CAD) systems have the potential to improve robustness and efficiency compared to traditional radiological reading of MRI in prostate cancer. Fully automated segmentation of the prostate is a crucial step of CAD. With the advent of the deep learning-based (DL) methods in medical imaging, series of networks have been developed to segment the prostate. Automated detection of poorly segmented cases would therefore be a useful supplement. Therefore, we proposed a quality control (QC) system to detect the cases that will result in poor prostate segmentation. The performance results shows that the proposed QC system is promising. |
| 1623 | Computer 15
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Prostate cancer detection using an integrated slice-by-slice shimming acquisition scheme and three MR diffusion models: correlation with in-bore transperineal MR-guided biopsy |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, suzhou, China, 2MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, Erlangen, Germany, 3MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, SHANG HAI, China |
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Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate gland is increasingly being used in the setting of newly diagnosed disease to identify occult, higher-grade, or stage elements missed by conventional biopsy. In this study, a prototype diffusion weighted single shot EPI sequence with integrated slice-by-slice shimming (iShim) technique was applied to reduce the susceptibility artifacts of DW images[1]. Conventional mono-exponential DWI, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) models were applied to preoperatively predict prostate cancer (PCa)[2, 3]. Our research showed that the diffusion coefficient in the peripheral zone, mean kurtosis, and the PSA level in the transition zone are potential predictive biomarkers for PCa. |
| 1624 | Computer 16
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Automatic detection of prostate cancer lesion using various deep neural network in multi-parametric MRI combined including quantified parameters. |
1AI R&D Center, JLK Inspection, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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we used qualitative and quantitative parametric MRI in various deep convolutional neural networks for fully-automatic detection of prostate cancer. region. various deep neural networks were compared with pathology map-based ground truth. The 3D convolutional neural networks achieved the highest performance in our experiments. |
| 1625 | Computer 17
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Use of kz-Space for Sub-mm Through-Plane Resolution in Multi-slice MRI: Application to Prostate |
1Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 3Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States |
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The goal of this work is to demonstrate sub-mm through-plane resolution in multislice T2SE MRI using kZ-space processing of overlapping slices and to show applicability in prostate MRI. Multiple overlapped slices are acquired and Fourier transformed in the slice-select direction. The slice profile is taken into account in the reconstruction using Tikhonov regularization. Sub-mm resolution is possible from 3.2mm thick slices. The method is applied to 16 consecutive subjects for whom prostate MRI was indicated. The in vivo results from prostate MRI show improved sharpness in the axial reconstructions when compared to the standard axial multislice method. |
| 1626 | Computer 18
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Association of peri-prostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) and prostate cancer (PCa) |
1The Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China, 2The Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China |
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The association between peri-prostatic adipose tissue (PPAT) and prostate volume (PV) was controversial in literatures. In our study, we adapted more reasonable definition of PPAT according to the observation during the surgery of radical prostatectomy (RP), and used histological finding from RP as reference, to explore the association between PPAT and PCa. |
| 1627 | Computer 19
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Heterogeneous alternation of fat content of varied adipose deposits in prostate cancer patients |
1The Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China |
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Prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized with dysregulated lipid metabolism. The function and fat content of adipose deposits varied with anatomical location. In our study, we explored the characteristic alternation of fat content of adipose tissues and muscle of pelvic region in prostate cancer (PCa) patients using mDixon. |
| 1628 | Computer 20
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Assessment of the prostate cancer with HyperCube T2-weighted imaging |
1Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan, 2GE Healthcare Lapan, Hino, Japan |
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We compare delineation of prostate cancers in HyperCube T2WI with those in conventional T2WI using PIRADS. HyperCube 3D T2WI can provide useful information about prostate cancer, and contribute to the PI-RADS. |
| 1629 | Computer 21
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Radiomics based on Multiparametric MRI for Predicting Upgrading of Prostate Cancer from Biopsy to Radical Prostatectomy |
1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, 2School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China, 3Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China |
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The disparity of biopsy Gleason score of prostate cancer (PCa) with that of the corresponding radical prostatectomy (RP) remains an unsolved problem. We developed and validated radiomics model based on T2-weighted, fat-suppressed T2W, apparent diffusion coefficient and dynamic contrast enhancement images to predict upgrading from biopsy to RP. The radiomics model achieved the area under the curve values of 0.977 and 0.931 for the training and validation cohorts, and outperformed the clinical model combining clinical stage and time from biopsy to RP. The radiomics model could serve as a non-invasive tool for individualized prediction of upgrading of PCa. |
| 1630 | Computer 22
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MR Fingerprinting and Diffusion Mapping based Neural Network Classifier for significant prostate cancer characterization in Peripheral Zone and Transition Zone |
1BME, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 3Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland |
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This study demonstrates the utility of a neural network classifier in separating significant cancer from low-grade cancer and non-cancerous lesions, based on the quantitative MRF and diffusion mapping. Using targeted biopsy data for training, the neural network classifier outperforms the linear regression model in both peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ). The differentiation results showed an AUC of 0.90 in PZ and AUC of 0.89 in the TZ, comparing to AUC of 0.86 and 0.81 using Logistic Regression respectively. After applying the adaptive data oversampling algorithm, the AUC in characterizing TZ lesions can reach 0.96. Further classification utilizing patient clinical information showed statistically better accuracy in PZ while worse in TZ. |
| 1631 | Computer 23
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Classification of prostate cancer by radiomics |
1East China normal university, Shanghai, China, 2Jiangsu Province Hospital, Jiangsu, China, 3MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, shanghai, China |
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Timely diagnosis and treatment could effectively reduce patient risk for clinical significant prostate cancer (PCa). In this abstract, we extracted 327 quantitative features from prostate mp-MRI images, then we used a homemade open-source tool named Feature Explorer to study combinations of radiomics algorithms and hyper-parameters in order to find the best model for classification of PCa into non-clinical–significant and clinical significant. We obtained a candidate model with AUC of 0.823, accuracy of 0.827. Four features selected for classification are easily understandable in the sense of image characteristics. Feature Explorer was demonstrated to be an efficient tool for radiomics studies. |
| 1632 | Computer 24
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Quantitative comparison of luminal water imaging with DWI for characterization of prostate cancer aggressiveness: early experience |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Luminal water imaging (LWI) is an emerging technique for noninvasive characterization of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. The goal of our ongoing study is to compare the diagnostic performance of LWI to DWI for assessment of PCa aggressiveness. We observed that the luminal water fraction (LWF) from LWI showed high diagnostic performance for differentiation between Grade Group (GG) 2 (i.e. Gleason 3+4) and GG 3 and higher (i.e. Gleason 4+3 and higher) cancers (AUC=0.86), while ADC showed an AUC of 0.62. These initial results suggest additional value of LWI for PCa characterization, which will be verified in a larger cohort. |
| 1633 | Computer 25
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A 3D convolutional neural network for diagnosing prostate cancer using volumetric T2-weighted MRI. |
1Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 3School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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In this work, we designed and evaluated a convolutional neural network for prostate cancer diagnosis using volumetric T2-weighted MRI. Our key contribution is a 3D implementation of a residual network (ResNet), optimised to perform a classification between patients with prostate cancer and patients with benign conditions. On this task, cross-validation on a dataset consisting of 240 patients, produced a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78, which was on par with an experienced radiologist. |
| 1634 | Computer 26
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Noise Reduction in Prostate Single-Shot DW-EPI utilizing Compressed SENSE Framework |
1Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan, 3Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 4Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan, 5Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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DWI is a key component of the prostate MRI examination, but current prostate DWI images have limited resolution. Small-FOV DWI with SENSE often suffers from increased noise artifacts. We attempt to utilize a combination of parallel imaging and compressed sensing technique (C-SENSE) framework for reducing the noise artifacts in single-shot DW-EPI images (EPI with C-SENSE: EPICS). EPICS clearly reduces noise-like artifacts and significantly improves the accuracy and robustness of ADC values in small FOV high b-value prostate DWI compared with conventional SENSE DW-EPI, without any penalty for scan parameters. |
| 1635 | Computer 27
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Hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved-phase MR detects physiological changes in human lungs after low-dose inhaled lipopolysaccharide challenge |
1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, 2Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany, 3Department of Clinical Airway Research, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany, 4Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany |
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Low-dose inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) provides a disease model in humans for development of anti-inflammatory drugs but sensitive methods for assessment of the inflammatory response to LPS are lacking. The feasibility of hyperpolarized 129Xe dissolved-phase imaging and chemical shift saturation recovery (CSSR) was investigated in this setting. The ratio of 129Xe in red blood cells and in tissue/plasma was found to decrease and the capillary transit time derived from CSSR was found to increase after LPS inhalation. These effects are attributed to pulmonary edema and vasodilation. In conclusion, hyperpolarized 129Xe MR is sensitive even for low-dose LPS challenges in humans. |
| 1636 | Computer 28
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Motion-Corrected Proton Density-Weighted In-Phase Stack-of-Stars (PDIP SOS) FLASH MR Imaging of Kidney Stone Disease |
1Radiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, United States, 4Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Radiology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Kidney stones affect 1 in 11 people in the United States and renal colic resulting from obstructing stones is a frequent cause of emergency department visits. Non-contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis is the primary imaging test but has the drawback of exposing the patient to potentially significant amounts of ionizing radiation. A motion-corrected proton density-weighted in-phase stack-of-stars (PDIP SOS) FLASH pulse sequence was developed to provide a potential imaging alternative. Using this approach, we have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of using MRI to detect kidney stones with image quality that is competitive to CT. |
| 1637 | Computer 29
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Motion robust two-minute free-breathing hepatobiliary phase imaging of the liver using a golden-angle ordered conical acquisition with extended readout. |
1Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, Stanford Univresity, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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Imaging of the liver can be compromised by motion artifacts which are especially problematic in patients with breathing difficulties. Non-Cartesian k-space sampling trajectories are motion robust and have shown promise in hepatobiliary-phase (HBP) imaging of the liver. Here we demonstrate that free-breathing HBP imaging can be obtained using a 3D cones k-space trajectory with golden angle ordering and extended readout (T1gER). The protocol shows similar performance to a conventional respiratory navigated sequence and can be acquired in less than half the time. |
| 1638 | Computer 30
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Axillary MRI relaxometry as a tool for assessing risk of lymphedema development |
1Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States |
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We applied a novel application of T2 mapping in a longitudinal study to evaluate whether MRI relaxometry may hold more potential than current measures for portending breast-cancer-treatment-related-lymphedema (BCRL) progression. Baseline biophysical and T2 measurements were performed in patients following lymph node removal. Patients were then monitored for BCRL progression (duration=two years). Baseline descriptive (age, BMI, number of nodes removed) and biophysical (bioimpedance, tissue dielectric, and arm volume) measures did not discriminate between patients who did vs. did not progress, yet baseline T2 was regionally elevated in those who progressed. MRI relaxometry may serve as a tool to identify BCRL risk. |
| 1639 | Computer 31
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Texture Analysis Comparison between MR and PET for Prostate Cancer MRI Guided Biopsy |
1Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York City, NY, United States |
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PET scans can detect prostate lesions, locations in the prostate where biopsy could reveal about treatment strategy. PET has low resolution compared to MRI and doesn't show surrounding anatomy necessary for accessing the prostate. Texture feature maps in MRI might include information about lesion location. MRI prostate texture features maps were compared with superimposed PET scans. Preliminary data suggest correlation between PET intensity and PI-RADS score, and weak correlation between less texture and lesion location. Though low texture values might correlate with higher tumor recurrence risk and lead to improved MRI-guided biopsy, finding exact lesion location in MRI remains challenging. |
| 1640 | Computer 32
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Cylinder 3D radial acquisition for reduced imaging artifacts and better resolution at 1.5 T |
1Philips Healthcare, Suzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare Greater China, Beijing, China |
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We have developed a novel 3D radial sequence for motion insensitive MRI, which replaces the frequency encodings in the radial plane in prior-art stack-of-star sequences with stepwise phase encodings to reduce the streaking artifacts that can arise from chemical shifts and system imperfections. The sequence achieved better image homogeneity with less imaging artifacts when compared to the prior-art sequence at 1 mm isotropic resolution with golden angle acquisition, both in phantom and in human brain and abdomen imaging. |
| 1641 | Computer 33
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How long a 4D-MRI do we need for abdominal radiotherapy treatment planning? A time dependence analysis of abdominal motion probability distribution function using ultra-fast volumetric dynamic MRI |
1Medical Physics and Research Department, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Hong Kong, China |
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Radiotherapy (RT) treatment planning (TP) based on probability distribution function (PDF) is an evolving approach for tumor motion management. In PDF-TP, the dose distribution is weighted by the probability of the tumor being in that location during the treatment, thus the determination of reliable tumor motion PDF from time resolved dynamic imaging, named 4D-imaging, is essential. Ideally, a 4D-MRI should be as long as or even longer than the real abdominal RT treatment to represent the real motion pattern and account for any motion irregularity in the treatment, but it is actually impractical. Thus, another unanswered question is how long a 4D-MRI scan is really needed in order to obtain a tumor motion PDF as reliable as possible but keep acquisition as short as possible. In this study, we aim to determine the optimal 4D-MRI duration for PDF-TP by analyzing the time dependency of different abdominal organs’ PDF using an ultrafast volumetric 4D-MRI. |
| 1642 | Computer 34
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver: comparison between radial VIBE with k-space weighted image contrast reconstruction (r-VIBE-KWIC) and Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (GRASP) |
1Department of Radiology, Shinshu University, School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan, 2Radiology Division, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan, 3MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 4Department of Application, Siemens Healthcare K. K., Tokyo, Japan, 5Diagnostic Imaging Business Area, DI Research & Collaboration Dpt., Siemens Healthcare K. K., Tokyo, Japan |
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We aimed to evaluate the differences of the DCE-MR images between radial VIBE with k-space weighted image contrast reconstruction (r-VIBE-KWIC) and Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (GRASP). DCE-MRI using r-VIBE-KWIC and GRASP was performed in 36 and 35 patients, respectively. The most optimal arterial phase image was selected from eight sub-frame images at arterial phase, and factors of image quality in the both two groups were assessed using five-point scales. In GRASP, the median scores for all factors except for one were significantly higher than those in r-VIBE-KWIC. In conclusion, GRASP provided the better DCE-MR images than r-VIBE-KWIC. |
| 1643 | Computer 35
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Cerebral Venous Oxygenation in the Human Fetuses With Enlarged Ventricles Using QSM |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, 3Department of Radiology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China |
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Fetal growth and development is a delicate process which relies on the optimal oxygen supply to the fetus. Obstruction to this supply might cause delayed myelination or white matter damage which in turn, may lead to enlargement of cerebral ventricles. therefore, cerebral venous oxygenation (SvO2) was estimated in second and third trimester fetuses with enlarge ventricles using quantitative susceptibility mapping. Average SvO2 was found to be 68.2%±5.1% and a decreasing trend in SvO2 across gestation was observed in the fetal cohort with enlarge ventricles. |
| 1644 | Computer 36
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Amide proton transfer imaging for rectal cancer: correlation with IVIM, DCE MRI and 18F-FDG-PET/CT |
1Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan, 2Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies, Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany, 3Philips Electronics, Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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This study focused on the correlation between amide proton transfer (APT) imaging and IVIM, DCE MRI or 18F-FDG PET/CT in rectal cancer. Our results showed a significant positive correlation between APT signal intensity (APT SI) and SUVmax (p = 0.005, ρ = 0.547). No significant correlation was shown between APT SI and IVIM (ADC, f, D* or D) or DCE MRI parameters (Ktrans, Kep, Ve or Vp). These results suggested that APT imaging reflects some metabolism of the rectal cancer and may be useful for response prediction after chemotherapy. |
| 1645 | Computer 37
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Pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion MRI of advanced rectal cancer: utility in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy |
1Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan, 2Philips Electronics, Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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This study focused on the feasibility of pseudo continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion MRI as a tool for predicting the response of advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Correlation between reduction rate of rectal cancer after chemotherapy and blood flow (BF) derived from pCASL or DCE MRI parameters within tumors was evaluated. Our results showed significant positive correlations between tumor reduction rate and BF (p = 0.001, ρ = 0.644) or Ktrans (p = 0.003, ρ= 0.579). These results suggested pCASL may have the potential to predict the treatment response of neoadjuvant chemothoerpy for advanced rectal cancer. |
| 1646 | Computer 38
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Radiomics Based on MR Imaging of Rectal Cancer: Assess Treatment Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy |
1Radiology Department, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China, 2Huiying Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China |
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The goal of this study was to investigate the value of high resolution T2-weighted–based radiomics in prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The result demonstrated that the MRI based radiomics machine learning model could assess tumoral treatment response to nCRT in patients with LARC. |
| 1647 | Computer 39
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MRI-based R2* Mapping in Patients with Suspected or Known Iron Overload |
1Department of Radiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, 2McGill University, Montréal, SK, Canada, 3Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, 4MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare Canada, Markham, ON, Canada, 5Department of Hematology-oncology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada |
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the cross-sectional relationships of MRI-based R2* relaxometry values in organs across patients with various types of iron overload. Further analyses were conducted to analyze R2* values in organs according to the treatment regimen of patients (transfusion, phlebotomy, and chelation therapy). This retrospective, cross-sectional study includes 82 adult patients with known or suspected iron overload due to primary and secondary hemochromatosis. Results revealed differences between degree of iron overload in organs according to the underlying pathology and treatment regimens. |
| 1648 | Computer 40
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MRI Quantitative Parameters of Small-Bowel Perfusion for Early Diagnosing and Assessing Activity of Crohn’s Disease: A Preliminary Study |
1Radiology, First Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China |
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The purpose of this present study is to explore the potential of MR small-bowel perfusion, and to achieve more insights in MRE of CD patients. To this end, the changes of microcirculation of CD are investigated by comparing the quantitative parameters of MR perfusion of inflammatory segments with normal ones and the correlation of the former with CDAI and intestinal wall thickness. |
| 1649 | Computer 41
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Comparison of MAGiC and MR Fingerprinting for Quantitative Relaxation of T1 and T2 Maps in Female Pelvis |
1Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 2IMAGO7 Foundation, Pisa, Italy, 3National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Pisa, Italy, 4GE Healthcare MR Research China, Beijing, China, 5GE Healthcare, Taipei, Taiwan |
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T1 and T2 mapping of tissues provides valuable information for characterization of tissue pathologies but is limited by long scan time and consequently hampered the clinical practice. Magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC) and Magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) are novel imaging techniques to simultaneously provide quantitative maps of tissue relaxation times in a single acquisition. This study aimed to compare the quantitative values of T1 and T2 in the female pelvic region using the MAGiC and MRF. |
| 1650 | Computer 42
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Feasibility of abdominal quantitative imaging at 7T: pilot study. |
1Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS, Brno, Czech Republic, 2Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, High Field MR Centre, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Department of Medicine III, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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This work demonstrates abdominal proton density fat fraction (PDFF)-MRI quantification at 7T magnetic field. Four healthy volunteers with low liver fat infiltration assumption were measured with a 3D-MGE-T1w sequence using 32-channel Rx/Tx array coil at 7T whole body MR scanner. 7T data were reconstructed by complex-based multiecho water-fat separation methods. The same volunteers were measured at a 3T MR system with multiecho Dixon MRI and multiecho single voxel MRS as reference measurements. The results show the feasibility of quantitative liver imaging at 7T. |
| 1651 | Computer 43
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RM-GROWL-GRASP: Image Registration Involved Two-step Motion Compensation System for Real-time Non-Cartesian Liver DCE-MRI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Key Laboratory of Mental Health of the Ministry of Education, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Radiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 4School of Computer and Information Science, Hubei Engineering University, Wuhan, China, 5Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China, 6Division of Superconducting Magnet Science and Technology, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, 8School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia |
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Motion is an inescapable problem in abdominal MRI. Involuntary organ movements caused mainly by respiratory often results in motion artifacts and image details blurring in liver MRI. For dynamic imaging, motion also harms temporal information. Recently, high spatiotemporal resolution free-breathing liver DCE-MRI have attracted much attentions of radiologists and scholars. We propose to combine mutual-information-based image registration with motion-sorted GROWL-GRASP approach for golden-angle radial liver DCE-MRI, which enable free-breathing imaging. The results demonstrate that better image quality including SNR benefit, lower motion artifacts and more diagnostic information can be generated compared to current motion compensation methods. |
| 1652 | Computer 44
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Multi-frequency spin echo- magnetic resonance elastography (SE-MRE) to non-invasively assess kidney allograft injury - preliminary findings |
1Medical Imaging, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, 4|Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 6Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 7Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Chronic allograft injury (CAI) is typically indicated too late with blood work and its cause is determined invasively (e.g. via biopsy). It is thus important to develop non-invasively tools to identify CAI early. We used multi-frequency spin-echo magnetic resonance elastography (SE-MRE) to assess shear modulus as an estimate of CAI in a group of kidney allograft patients with stable but sub-normal graft function. We observed a negative trend approaching significance, between the graft function as determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate and the shear modulus at 90Hz suggesting that SE-MRE can potentially be used for non-invasive assessment of renal injury. |
| 1653 | Computer 45
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Towards systematic evaluation of velocity-selective ASL in the measurement of placental perfusion |
1Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Center for Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 3C.J. Gorter Center for high field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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The placenta’s role as a nutrient and oxygen source for the fetus highly depends on blood supply and thus perfusion may be a sensitive marker of placenta function. Velocity-selective arterial spin labeling (VSASL) placental perfusion measurements have previously been demonstrated using standard parameter settings from the brain. In this study, the influence of different VSASL parameter settings was assessed to optimize measurement of placental perfusion. The results of this study will improve our understanding and interpretation of the measured perfusion signals in the placenta. |
| 1654 | Computer 46
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Delineating Benign from Malignant Breast Lesions Using Restriction Spectrum Imaging |
1Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Non-contrast diffusion MRI holds great potential to screen women for breast cancer. Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is an advanced diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) technique that reflects the high nuclear to cytoplasm ratio observed in cancer cells. This abstract explores RSI as a technique to non-invasively identify malignant from benign masses on non-contrast MRI by measuring RSI cellularity index (RSI-CI). Biopsy-proven malignant masses demonstrate high cellularity index compared to benign lesions. In this pilot study, RSI differentiates malignant from benign masses without contrast imaging, and could prove useful as a screening tool. |
| 1655 | Computer 47
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Reducing T2-shinethrough effects in prostate diffusion-weighted imaging with Stimulated Echo imaging |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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The bright appearance of long-T2 tissues in DWI, termed “T2-shinethrough”, reduces the contrast between healthy tissue and cancer and is prominent in spin-echo based DWI acquisitions. In prostate DWI, the need to avoid T2-shinethrough has led to the acquisition of very high b-values in clinical practice, which may result in low SNR and other image artifacts. In this work, we have assessed the ability of stimulated-echo DWI to provide high contrast between PCa and healthy peripheral zone, without the need for high b-values. Preliminary results in 19 patients show reduced T2-shinethrough effects in stimulated-echo DWI compared with spin-echo DWI. |
| 1656 | Computer 48
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Denoising and Multi-Compartment Visualization of Multi-b-Valued Breast Diffusion MRI |
1GE Global Research, Niskayuna, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Multi-b-valued diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) of the breast is highly susceptible to image and fitting noise. A multi-compartment approach was developed to denoise multi-b-value breast DWI without spatial smoothing. In human subject exams (N=12), the denoising approach resulted in a significant reduction in variability of all perfusion and diffusion maps in breast tumor and normal fibroglandular tissue with minimal bias to the mean values, and increased statistical separation of diffusivity metrics between tumor and normal tissue. The denoising algorithm provides compartment fractions for tumor, tissue, and vascularity, which may improve visualization of tissue compartments in DWI. |
| 1657 | Computer 49
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Slip-interface imaging preoperatively predicts hepatocellular carcinoma microvascular invasion |
1Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University (SYSU), Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults. One of the most strongly correlated factors predicting outcome is the presence or absence of vascular invasion. Since microvascular invasion cannot be found with conventional CT or MRI examination, we investigated whether slip-interface imaging (SII) could identify HCC microvascular invasion. The results showed that in 32 of 33 patients with HCC, SII-assessed microvascular invasion agreed with pathology, indicating that this technique may become useful for detecting HCC microvascular invasion and guiding treatment planning. |
| 1658 | Computer 51
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Detection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Liver Metastases: Comparison of Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging with Ga-EOB-DTPA and Extracellular Contrast Materials |
1Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan |
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Ga-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging is well established imaging modality for the detection of liver metastases. On the other hand, it is expected that the arterial enhancement of solid organs is weaker comparing with extracellular contrast materials (ECCMs) because of its lower dosage. Our results demonstrated that the signal intensity ratio of the pancreas, tumor-to-pancreas contrast-to-noise ratio, and diagnostic performance for detecting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were comparable, but the sensitivity for detecting liver metastases was better in Ga-EOB-DTPA compared with ECCMs, which suggests the usefulness of Ga-EOB-DTPA for evaluating patients with PDAC. |
| 1659 | Computer 52
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Pancreatic and hepatic iron predict prediabetes in chronically transfused patients with sickle cell disease. |
1Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Pancreatic iron is common in transfused sickle cell disease(SCD) patients but the functional significance is unknown. We compared pancreatic function with hepatic and pancreatic iron burden by MRI in 28 SCD patients. Six patients had impaired fasting glucose(IFG) values and one had impaired glucose tolerance. Insulin resistance was positively associated with body mass index and negatively associated with liver iron concentration (r2 = 0.50, p<0.004). Liver iron and serum ferritin predicted IFG with an AUROC of 0.82 and 0.86 respectively. Beta cell function was inversely proportional to pancreatic R2* (r2 = 0.17, p=0.01). Thus, prediabetic changes were common and related to liver and pancreatic iron. |
| 1660 | Computer 53
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MR measurement of T1 relaxation time and fat signal fraction of the pancreas: Association with HbA1c values |
1Radiology, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan |
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of the T1 relaxation time and FSF of the pancreatic parenchyma measured by MRI with HbA1c value. The T1 relaxation time on the T1 map images with fat suppression and FSF on fat fraction images of the pancreatic parenchyma were measured. We assessed the correlation between the MRI measurements and HbA1c values. The FSF (%) of the pancreatic parenchyma was significantly correlated with HbA1c values while the T1 relaxation times were not. The FSF (%) of the pancreas may be a potential imaging biomarker for impaired glucose tolerance. |
| 1661 | Computer 54
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Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: Variability in measurements of tumor size among CT, MRI and pathologic specimen |
1Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China |
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The aim of the study is to investigate the measurements obtained from the preoperative contrast-enhanced both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with pathologic specimen in measuring the size of pancreatic cancer. It was found in this study, both contrast-enhanced CT and MRI underestimate mean tumor size by 3.3 mm and 4.7 mm respectively, when compared with the size of pathologic specimen. |
| 1662 | Computer 55
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Computer-aided pancreas segmentation based on 3D GRE Dixon MRI |
1Radiology, Changhai Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 2Country Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing (Ministry of Education), Tongji University, Shanghai, China, 3Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China, 4Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Pancreas segmentation is of great significance for pancreatic cancer radiotherapy positioning, pancreatic structure and function evaluation, etc. In the study, we purposed a simple computer-aided pancreas segmentation method based on 3D GRE Dixon images by using a free open source software system. |
| 1663 | Computer 56
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MRI Relaxometry: Comparing R2* Values in Liver and Pancreas with respect to Disease Characteristics |
1Dept. for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 2Section for Experimental Radiology, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 3Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, 4Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany |
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To study pancreatic iron accumulation in liver overloaded patients with respect to disease characteristics, 116 patients were investigated at 1.5 T MRI with a prototype breathhold 3D GRE protocol with in-line R2*calculation. Mean R2* values were determined in liver and pancreas by manually drawn ROIs. Pancreatic R2* values were correlated with liver R2* in patient subgroups according to transfusion frequency. Pancreatic R2* correlated significantly to liver R2* for sporadic or frequently transfused patients, was normal in patients requiring no transfusion, and elevated in most regular transfused patients. After bone marrow transplant, most patients showed only slightly raised pancreatic R2*. |
| 1664 | Computer 57
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Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging for prediction of the response to gemcitabine in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a preliminary study |
1Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shang Hai, China, 2Siemens Healthcare, MR Collaborations NE Asia, Shanghai, China, Shang Hai, China |
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This study aimed to explore the feasibility of dynamic contrasted enhancement MRI (DCE-MRI) for predicting the response to gemcitabine in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, as well as the influence of different region of interests (ROIs) on quantitative parameters. We compared the differences of DCE-MRI parameters between responders and non-responders. Kep based on periphery ROI was the best predictive marker, showed the highest areas under ROC curve (AUC) of 0.806. Quantitative DCE-MRI may be a feasible method, and the parameters are useful for the prediction of response to gemcitabine in patients with PAC. The positions of ROI influenced the DCE-MRI parameters. |
| 1665 | Computer 58
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Quantification of Pancreatic Fat Content in Patients with Essential Hypertension using IDEAL-IQ sequence |
1The first affiliated hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, Beijing, China |
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The study aims to assess the pancreatic fatty quantitation in patients with hypertension using IDEAL-IQ. IDEAL-IQ is a new way to evaluate the pancreatic fat quantification in patients with hypertension. The fat fraction of the pancreas in patients with hypertension is significantly higher than that in normal subjects,and the longer the length of the duration of the disease is, the higher the fat fraction of the pancreas is. |
| 1666 | Computer 59
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Differentiation of Pancreatic Head Ductal Adenocarcinoma from Inflammatory Pancreatic Pseudomass by MR Cholangio-pancreatography: Utility of the Duct-interrupted, Corona and Attraction Signs |
1Division of Body MRI, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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To properly treat and determine a truthful prognosis, accurate pancreatic head mass differentiation is fundamental. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) of the head and inflammatory pancreatic pseudomass (IPP) simulate significantly to each other in clinical imaging. We proposed the use of three radiological signs ("duct-interrupted”, “ |
| 1667 | Computer 60
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Radiomics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Pancreas-Towards Improved Diagnosis and Management of Pancreatic Cancer |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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The MRI-based Radiomics of pancreas can identify several imaging-characteristics (e.g. texture, shape, signal intensity, etc.) that are distinct in healthy and cancerous pancreas. We performed MRI-based radiomics of pancreas to demonstrate that radiomics play an important rule to differentiate healthy and cancerous pancreas and can assist diagnosis and management of PC. Multiple statistical tests demonstrated that 18% of the total 250 radiomic features were significantly different between healthy and cancerous pancreas. These features have high diagnostic accuracy to detect PC. We conclude that MRI-based radiomics of pancreas can potentially have a future role in early detection, prognosis, and prediction of treatment outcome of PC. |
| 1668 | Computer 61
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Usefulness of amide proton transfer imaging in the evaluation of autoimmune pancreatitis activity |
1Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, kagoshima, Japan, 2Department of Radiological Technology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan, 3Philips GmbH Innovative Technologies Research Laboratories, Hamburg, Germany, 4Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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This study focused on the potential of amide proton transfer (APT) MR imaging at 3.0T as an objective imaging biomarker in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Correlation of serum immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels with APT SI, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values or the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) was evaluated in eleven patients with AIP. Our results showed a significant positive correlation between serum IgG4 levels and APT signal intensity (SI). Therefore, APT imaging might be useful for monitoring AIP activity. |
| 1669 | Computer 62
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Extracellular volume fraction on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for predicting overall survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma |
1Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, kagoshima, Japan |
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This study focused on the potential of extracellular volume (ECV) fraction measured by Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI as a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas. The effect on survival of variables including age, sex, tumor location, tumor size, TNM factors, serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels and tumor ECV fraction was assessed in patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma. Our results showed that pancreatic adenocarcinoma with higher ECV fraction had |
| 1670 | Computer 63
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Robust Breath-hold Three-Dimensional (3D) MRCP using Contrast-Enhanced Timing Robust Acquisition Order with a Preparation of the Longitudinal Signal Component(CENTRA-Plus) Technique at 3T |
1Department of Radiological Services, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 3Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan |
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The present study investigates the clinical utility of motion-insensitive breath-hold 3D MRCP using contrast-enhanced timing robust acquisition order with a preparation of the longitudinal signal component(CENTRA-Plus). 3D MRCP image derived from breath0holding with CENTRA-Plus showed good correlations to those from conventional respiratory triggering technique. Breath hold 3D MRCP with CENTRA-Plus can reduce scan time (around 80% of the scan time) without any penalty for the image quality; therefore, it might contribute to great advantages in routine clinical work. |
| 1671 | Computer 64
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Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging as a potential tool for preoperative predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric adenocarcinoma |
1Department of Imaging Diagnosis, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 3GE healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) has been applied in diagnosis of different cancers, however its potential in gastric cancer has not been fully explored. In this study, we research into the value of DCE-MRI parameters in evaluating the response to chemotherapy in gastric cancer. It was found that the Ktrans and Ve values showed good predictive performance through distinguishing responders from non-responders, which could provide effective technical assistance for the choice of clinical treatment. |
| 1672
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Computer 65
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Pulsatility and Resistivity Indices in Mesenteric Vasculature in Patients Suspected of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia using 4D Flow MRI |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) causes blood flow reduction in the intestines, often due to atherosclerosis. This study uses 4D flow MRI to quantify and compare pulsatility (PI) and resistivity indices (RI) in |
| 1673
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Computer 66
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Assessment and Classification of Motility of Terminal Ileum in Crohn’s Disease on Cine Magnetic Resonance Enterography |
1Biomedical Engineering Institute, Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2Department of Radiology, Yildirim Beyazit University Medical School, Ankara, Turkey |
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Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel disease mostly affecting motility in terminal ileum of small bowel. In this study, cine magnetic resonance enterography scans were used to assess the terminal ileum motility. Motility was quantified using optical flow based and gradient based analysis. ROC statistical analysis showed that immotility and motility were separable with 87% accuracy when analyzed with optical flow based algorithm and 89% accuracy with gradient based algorithm. The best classification accuracy of 90.5% was obtained when both optical flow and gradient based analysis results were used as features to train a kNN algorithm with 15-fold cross validation. |
| 1674 | Computer 67
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A new MR-based Perianal Crohn’s disease activity score: Multicentre study |
1Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Diagnostic Radiology, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia, 3Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 5Radiology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 6Radiology, St Mark's Hospital and London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Perianal Crohn’s disease (pCD) is a potential complication in CD. Absence of reliable disease measures makes disease monitoring unreliable. MRI is an effective imaging method for the evaluation of patients with pCD. Quantitative MRI sequences, such as diffusion-weighted image (DWI), and magnetization transfer (MT) offer opportunities to improve diagnostic capability. The aim of this study was to measure disease activity within a pCD patient cohort using quantitative MRI sequences (DWI and MT), at different field strengths, before and after biological therapy. The study is ongoing with patients presenting with a range of clinical and inflammatory markers of disease activity. |
| 1675
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Computer 68
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Quantification of MT in the bowel wall from the z-spectrum |
1University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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We have developed a protocol able to measure and quantify MT in the bowel wall through acquisition of the z-spectrum at 3T, and have developed a protocol capable of eliminating respiratory artefacts which have the potential to invalidate MT abdominal imaging. |
| 1676 | Computer 69
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Pre and Postprandial Hemodynamics of the Gastroduodenal Artery in Patients Suspected of Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia using 4D Flow MRI |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) causes reduced intestinal blood flow, often from mesenteric occlusions. However, collaterals exist and help compensate for reduced blood flow. This study utilizes 4D flow MRI to quantify hemodynamics in the gastroduodenal artery (GDA), a collateral between the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries, in controls (N=14) and patients suspected of CMI (N=14) before and after a meal. There was no significant difference in preprandial, postprandial, or percent flow change values between groups. However, pathology-dependent flow patterns were evident within the ischemia group. Follow-up studies with larger cohorts are warranted to further examine this finding. |
| 1677 | Computer 70
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Radiomics features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) based on whole-tumor analysis: the robust imaging biomarkers to stratification and monitoring purpose |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, wuhan, China |
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The diagnosis and treatment plans of GISTs are relied on pathological confirmation, yet the biopsy for unresectable GISTs cannot always provide comprehensive information, which will have an impact on the treatment plan and duration. Radiomics features based on whole tumor analysis have been confirmed as a robust imaging biomarkers with good repeatability in some solid tumors. The present study using the method described above to analyze a group of patients with pathological confirmed GISTs, to determine which radiomics features are useful for stratification and monitoring purpose. |
| 1678 | Computer 71
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Comparison of abdominal lymph nodes between healthy volunteers and patients with inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. |
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are likely to cause enlargement of the abdominal lymph nodes which could potentially act as a biomarker of local inflammation. Lymphatics have been identified using a range of MRI sequences but previous work has largely focused on changes in cancer rather than chronic inflammatory diseases. We present here the first comparison of quantitative non-invasive MRI measures of T2, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and size of lymph nodes in healthy volunteers and patients with a range of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases. |
| 1679 | Computer 72
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Comparison between 3T MRI and CT for preoperative T staging of resectable esophageal cancer, with histopathological correlation |
1Radiology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Seventy fourth patients with endoscopically proven EC and indeterminate T1/T2/T3/T4a stage by CT and EUS were enrolled prospectively. The diagnostic performances of MRI and CT were evaluated based on the sensibility, specificity and accuracy rate, the difference of accuracy rates between MRI and CT was analyzed by c2 test. This study showed MRI can obtain clear images of esophageal wall for preoperative T staging of EC with significantly higher accuracy rate than that of CT, and provide another high-accuracy non-invasive examination method for preoperative T staging of EC. |
| 1680 | Computer 73
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Relationship Between Exocrine Pancreatic Function and Abdominal Symptoms: Evaluation Using Cine-Dynamic MRCP |
1Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan, 2Radiology, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan |
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The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between exocrine pancreatic function and abdominal symptoms. Cine-dynamic MRCP was performed and an 18-item questionnaire on abdominal symptoms was administered to 42 patients. The relationship between exocrine pancreatic function, which was quantified as an exocrine pancreatic score, and the abdominal symptoms was assessed. Symptoms for 3 of the 18 abdominal symptom items were significantly associated with decreased exocrine pancreatic function, as measured by cine-dynamic MRCP If a patient complains of such symptoms, the possibility of decreased exocrine pancreatic function should be considered, and should be evaluated by cine-dynamic MRCP. |
| 1681 | Computer 76
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Hepatocellular carcinoma: whole-lesion radiomics nomogram on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging for postoperative early recurrence prediction |
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital,Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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The high recurrence rates after curative resection has become a major obstacle for the treatment of HCC. Radiomics has been proposed as a robust and effective imaging analysis method to quantify tumor phenotypic characteristics. In this prospective study, a radiomics model based on preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images for preoperative prediction of early recurrence in HCCs was generated, with good discrimination and calibration, and may act as an accurate tool to preoperatively identify high-risk patients and guide clinical decision-making of this population. |
| 1682 | Computer 77
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T1 mapping on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma |
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital,Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2West China Hospital,Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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Microvascular invasion (MVI) is regarded as one of the independent risk factors for recurrence and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, reliable diagnosis of MVI can only be obtained postoperatively. In this study, preoperative T1 mapping on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging were performed on 79 patients to demonstrate potential imaging biomarkers in prediction of MVI and early recurrence. As a result, pre-contrast T1 relaxation time, reduction rate of T1 relaxation time combined with the presence of peritumoral hypointensity on HBP were found to be potential predictive biomarkers in the preoperative prediction of MVI in HCCs. |
| 1683 | Computer 78
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Differential Diagnosis of Intrahepatic Mass-forming Cholangiocarcinoma and Solitary Hypovascular Hepatic Metastasis Using Whole-Tumor Texture Features Based on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Fractional Anisotropy Signal Intensity Maps |
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China |
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This work aimed for ADC and FA texture features based strategy to identify intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) and solitary hypovascular hepatic metastasis (SHHM) which may represent a diagnostic challenge due to many overlapping MRI features. The results showed that ADC and FA texture features can differentiate IMCC and SHHM. The Grey Level Non-uniformity (GLN) achieved the best result (AUC: 0.820; sensitivity: 79.2%; specificity: 86.2%) on ADC signal intensity map, forming a valuable strategy for clinical practice. |
| 1684 | Computer 79
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MR-based Radiomics Signature to Discriminate Different Pathologic Grade of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2Huiying Medical Technology Co., Beijing, China |
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Recently, the term radiomics (the extraction of multiple quantitative features from images) has drawn attention. Several cancer-related radiomics studies suggested that some quantitative imaging descriptors (such as texture features derived from MRI) could provide more information for cancer diagnosis. In the current study, MR-based radiomics signature was demonstrated to be capable to assess different pathologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma, which will provide more prognostic information and facilitate clinical management. |
| 1685 | Computer 80
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Quantitative MR image analysis for predicting histopathological growth patterns of liver metastases from colorectal cancer: standard mono-compartmental vs bi-compartmental model |
1Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, CA, Canada, 3HBP and Transplant Clinical Research, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Pathology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5General Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Morphologic and quantitative imagine biomarkers able to reliably and noninvasively determine the different histopathological growth patterns (HGP) of colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRCLM) are currently missing. We aimed to evaluate if a bi-compartmental model (tumour border region, in addition to an inner core region) can outperform the traditional mono-compartmental model for HGP subtype prediction. Our results show an improvement in HGP subtype classification when using the bi-compartmental tumour model, likely because the information arising from the borders are separate from those pertaining to the inner core. As reported, the main differences for HGP tend to occur at the tumour-liver parenchyma interface. This would allow accurate and potentially more effective patient treatment stratification, since the different HGP subtypes have reported variable response rates to anti VEGF-A therapy. |
| 1686 | Computer 81
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The prediction value of gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid enhanced MRI in Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
1Department of Radiology, Third People's Hospital of Nantong,China, Nantong, China |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor in the liver. Microvascular invasion (MVI) is one of the important risk factors affecting the recurrence and prognosis of HCC. Some scholars have predicted MVI through various imaging methods such as CT, MRI and PET, but has not yet reached a unified forecasting standard. Gadoxetate disodium（Gd-EOB-DTPA）is a novel hepatobiliary contrast agent. Peritumoral hypointension in hepatobiliary phase is of great value in predicting MVI, but the related studies are few. In this study, we used multiple parameters to analyze the value of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in predicting MVI qualitatively and quantitatively. |
| 1687 | Computer 82
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Imaging features of hepatic hemangiomas with Pseudo washout sign on Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI |
1Department of Radiology，The Third Hospital Affiliated of Nantong University, Nantong, China |
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Gadoxetate disodium（Gd-EOB-DTPA）is a novel hepatobiliary contrast agent with characteristics of conventional contrast agents and can also be taken up by liver cells specifically, which is beneficial in characterization of focal liver lesions. In clinical practice, some small hemangiomas usually show low signal in transitional phase of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI, defined as Pseudo washout sign（PWS）, which can be easily misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) if diagnostic physician do not have sufficient experience. Our study intended to improve the understanding of hepatic hemangiomas with atypical imaging features by summarizing the imaging features of hepatic hemangioma with PWS in Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. |
| 1688 | Computer 83
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Prediction for early recurrence of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma: quantitative MRI combined with prognostic immunohistochemical marker |
1Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and PekingUnion Medical College, Beijing, China, 2MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The aim of this study was to develop a nomogram based on pathological characteristics, immunohistochemical molecules, conventional radiological features and texture parameters for predicting the early recurrence (ER) of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC). It was concluded that combining the texture parameters, enhancement pattern and VEGFR could significantly improve the predictive performance of ER. |
| 1689 | Computer 84
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Radiomics analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for the evaluation of HCC treatment response to Yttrium-90 radioembolization |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to assess the predictive value of radiomics features assessed on pre-treatment multi-phasic gadoxetic acid-enhanced (EOB-)MRI for prediction of response of hepatocellular carcinoma to 90Yttrium radioembolization (RE). We found that radiomics features measured at baseline were predictive of response assessed at 6 weeks and 6-12 months after treatment. These results indicate value of radiomics for prediction of RE response, which needs to be validated in a larger study. |
| 1690 | Computer 85
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Features of Preoperative Dynamical Contrast Enhanced 3-T MR Imaging Predicting Early Recurrence for Small (< 3 cm) Hepatocellular Carcinomas after Curative Resection |
1Department of Radiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC, < 3 cm) is generally thought to have a good prognosis after surgical resection. However, the prognosis of patients with sHCC is still unsatisfactory because of frequent early recurrence (ER, <1 year) after resection. In our series, 30 % of patients with resected sHCC had ER. Preoperative MR imaging features (corona enhancement and irregular tumor margin) were independent predictors for ER after resection of sHCC. |
| 1691 | Computer 86
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LI-RADS treatment response criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma after locoregional treatment on contrast-enhanced CT and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI: a retrospective validation study using pathologic diagnosis as the reference standard |
1Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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The liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) recently introduced a new treatment response algorithm, namely LI-RADS treatment response (LR-TR), for HCCs treated with locoregional therapy. Using pathologic tumor viability as the reference standard, our study showed that LR-TR viable category resulted in sensitivities of 67.3%/74.5% on CT and 75.5%/80.9% on Gd-EOB-MRI; and specificities of 88.6%/88.6% on CT and 80.0%/82.9% on Gd-EOB-MRI, in reviewers 1/2, respectively, which were not significantly different between CT and Gd-EOB-MRI. In addition, our modified TR criteria applying MRI ancillary features demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity (83.6%/88.2%) and comparable specificity (80.0%/77.1%) than LR-TR on CT or MRI. |
| 1692 | Computer 87
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Gadoxetic acid-enhanced Liver MR can predict tumor recurrence after curative treatment for small single hepatocellular carcinoma |
1Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Non-smooth tumor margins and the presence of non-hypervascular HBP hypointense nodules were demonstrated to be independent significant predictive factors of tumor recurrence after either hepatic resection or RFA. |
| 1693 | Computer 88
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Can hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance be performed annually instead of every 6 months in at-risk patients with a negative initial MRI examination? |
1Diagnostic Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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This retrospective study investigated the frequency and timing of development of significant hepatic lesions in patients at risk for HCC undergoing surveillance with an initially negative MRI. Out of 70 patients with an initially negative MRI who had mean follow-up of 36 months (range 12-60 months) by contrast-enhanced CT or MRI, no patients developed positive follow up at 1 year. One patient developed a low-risk LI-RADS 3 lesion at 24 months. It may be reasonable to extend the surveillance interval from six months to 12 months in such patients when the first screening examination is negative. |
| 1694 | Computer 89
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Detection of Portal Vein Thrombosis in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Can Gadoxetic Acid–enhanced MR Imaging Replace CT? |
1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (GA-MRI) provides higher sensitivity for the detection of HCCs than CT or MRI using extracellular contrast media, but may have a disadvantage in detection of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) related with decreased contrast between the portal vein and liver parenchyma during dynamic phase. For detection of PVT in patients with HCC, we demonstrated that GA-MRI was noninferior to CT for sensitivity (78.8% versus 77.7%, respectively) and was superior to CT for specificity (95.4% versus 92.4%, respectively). For characterization of the PVT as benign or malignant, the GA-MRI showed noninferior accuracy to CT (93.7% versus 92.4%). |
| 1695 | Computer 90
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Comparison of Diagnostic Values of Mono-exponential, Bi-exponential, and Stretched Exponential Diffusion-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Hepatic Lesions |
1Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, 2Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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Intravoxel incoherent motion, a bi-exponential model of diffusion-weighted imaging with multiple b values, can represent pure molecular diffusion and perfusion, and be used in characterizing focal hepatic lesions. Recently, stretched exponential model has been used in glioblastoma and prostate cancer. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of stretched exponential model for differentiating benign and malignant hepatic lesions. Our results showed that DDC value from a stretched exponential model was the highest diagnostic potential, so it could be a quantitative imaging biomarker for differentiating benign and malignant hepatic lesions. |
| 1696 | Computer 91
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Agreement of MRI Liver Observations Size Measurements and Impact on LIRADS v2017 categories (Determinant of size variability and Impact on LI-RADS v2017 category code) |
1Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Korea, Republic of, 2Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea, Republic of, 4Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Liver Imaging Group, UCSD Medical center, San Diego, CA, United States |
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While intra- and inter-observer agreement rates for size measurement is“excellent” for radiologists, variability across imaging phases could potentially impact LI-RADS categorization. Measurement variations were mostly seen across different postcontrast dynamic phases, as well as, related to specific imaging features (eg, presence of APHE and/or a capsule). In our opinion, the standardization of the most adequate imagingphase to perform size measurements of focal liver observations may increase thereproducibility of LI-RADS categories. |
| 1697 | Computer 92
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A comparative study of MR elastography and intravoxel incoherent motion based on volumetric analysis in the evaluation of histological grade of Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma |
1Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Armenia, 3MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. Poorly differentiated HCC is associated with higher recurrence and worse survival compared with well and moderately differentiated HCC and preoperative prediction of histological grade is useful for deciding treatment strategy. We compared the value of MR elastography (MRE) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in predicting the histological grade of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCCs using volumetric analysis. Our results demonstrated that only mean tumor stiffness, and not ADC or IVIM metrics, could predict the histological grade of HCCs. |
| 1698 | Computer 93
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Comparison of MR elastography and intravoxel incoherent motion for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma tumor capsule formation in hepatitis B virus-related patients using whole-tumor analysis |
1Department of Radiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant hepatic tumor worldwide and the prognosis remains poor. Tumor capsule formation is a favorable factor for predicting invasiveness and prognosis. We explored the potential value of MR elastography（MRE）and intravoxel incoherent motion（IVIM）for the prediction of tumor capsule formation in patients with hepatitis B virus-related (HBV) HCCs using whole-tumor analysis. Results showed that mean tumor stiffness may be useful for the prediction of capsule formation of HCCs. The utility of the mean value of IVIM metrics may need to be further explored. |
| 1699 | Computer 94
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Metabolic biomarkers associated with occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis: in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy |
1National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of, 4Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Gwangju, Korea, Republic of |
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Liver cirrhosis (LC) secondary to chronic hepatitis can lead to serious complications. More severely, liver cirrhotic patients may eventually develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), thus monitoring disease progression is clinically important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) with long echo time to quantify the differences in hepatic metabolites of normal, cirrhotic liver with and without HCC, and HCC. These findings would be helpful for understanding of liver metabolic changes related with developing HCC in the cirrhotic liver. |
| 1700 | Computer 95
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Impacts of different b and TE values on quality of 3T diffusion-weighted imaging of the liver using a high gradient magnetic field: feasibility of ultrahigh b value of 3000 |
1Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Diagnostic Imaging, Saitama medical University International medical Center, Saitama, Japan, 3Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 4CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION, Otawara, Japan |
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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with an ultrahigh b value is expected to improve assessment of tumor cellularity and fluid viscosity in the liver but can decrease signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the hepatic parenchyma. A state-of-the-art 3T MR scanner with the maximal gradient magnetic field of 100 mT/m can achieve sufficient SNR on liver DWI even at ultrahigh b value of 3000 with use of short TE. The present study using our original phantom and healthy volunteers shows that use of shorter TE significantly increased the SNR with preserved ADC value on DWI even at ultrahigh b value of 3000. |
| 1701 | Computer 96
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The efficacy of coronal ZOOMit diffusion-weighted MR imaging at 3T MRI for differentiation of malignant distal bile duct stricture |
1Radiology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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For the evaluation of distal bile duct, diffusion weighted imaging should be routinely included in MR protocol for detection and differentiation of malignant distal bile duct stricture. If possible, it would be better to be able to acquire images in a coronal plane. |
| 1702 | Computer 97
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Noninvasive evaluation of the pathologic grade of hepatocellular carcinoma using MCF-3DCNN: A pilot study |
1Beijing friendship hospital, Capital medical university, Beijing, China, 2Beijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver Cirrhosis, Beijing, China, 3Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China |
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This pilot study indicated that the MCF-3DCNN model may be valuable for the noninvasive evaluation of the pathologic grade of HCCs; however, further improvement would be necessary to achieve a better diagnostic performance for moderately and poorly differentiated HCCs. |
| 1703 | Computer 98
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Volume-wise lesion detection on hepatic hemangioma and cyst considering inter-slice information through a 3D convolutional neural network |
1Philips Healthcare, Suzhou, China, 2Beijing Longleding Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China |
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MR has been widely used for the diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma and cyst due to its significance of detection on small lesions. This study proposes a deep learning based method to detect the lesion volume in a three-dimensional manner on the dynamic contrast-enhanced MR images with hemangioma and/or cyst lesions. The results show good alignment of automated detection contour with the manually labelled lesion contour by professional radiologists, as well as accurate classification of lesion types. |
| 1704 | Computer 99
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Abdominal Diffusion-Weighted Imaging with Stretched-Exponential Model: Phantom and Clinical Studies |
1Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 2Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 3Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 4Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan |
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Abdominal DWI with stretched-exponential model was assessed in phantom and clinical studies. Our results suggest it is a useful tool for evaluating abdominal organs and diseases. |
| 1705 | Computer 100
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The Diagnostic Performance of LI-RADS version 2018 and the Value of Ancillary Features Favoring Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in the Diagnosis of 10-19 mm HCC on Extracellular Contrast-enhanced MRI. |
1Department of Radiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most cause of cancer death worldwide. Early detection of small HCC can prolong patient survival. Recent updates have changed diagnostic criteria for LI-RADS v2018 for 10-19 mm HCC, and the impact on accuracy has not yet been studied. We found that LI-RADS v2018 provides 68.2% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity, and 71.8% accuracy for 10-19 mm HCC diagnosis in a Chinese population with chronic liver disease. Several modifications of LI-RADS were explored (e.g., pooling LR-4 and LR-5; allowing ancillary features favoring HCC to upgrade LR-4 to LR-5 and/or convert LR-M to LR-5), some sensitivities were mild improved without specificities increase. |
| 1706 | Computer 101
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Improved, rapid fetal-brain localization and orientation detection for auto-slice prescription |
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Fetal-Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 4Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, 5Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany, 7Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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MRI has become an invaluable tool for assessing the development of the fetal brain and can remove diagnostic doubt after routine ultrasound exams. Motion between slice prescription and acquisition, however, poses a challenge to obtaining images aligned with the standard anatomical planes, essential for evaluating morphometry. To address this, we recently presented automated slice prescription for fetal-brain MRI based on registration to a template. Here, we propose improved and fully automated fetal-brain orientation detection to advance both reliability and speed. The fast estimation is achieved by localizing the brain and eyes in an EPI scout using blob detection techniques. |
| 1707 | Computer 102
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Discrimination of Malignant and Benign Breast Lesions Using Machine Learning on Non-Gaussian Diffusion MRI Parameters |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3The First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China, 4Department of Radiology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China, 5Departments of Radiology and Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the US. Recognizing the complexity of cancerous tissue, several non-Gaussian diffusion MRI models, such as the continuous-time random-walk (CTRW) model, were suggested to probe the underlying tissue environment. In this study, we employed a support-vector-machine-based analysis on the histogram features of CTRW model parameters to differentiate malignant and benign breast lesions. This multi-parameter multi-feature approach provided the best diagnostic performance compared to the conventional single-parameter or single-feature analysis techniques. The combination of machine-learning with non-Gaussian diffusion MRI can facilitate comparable diagnostic performance to that of dynamic-contrast-enhanced MRI. |
| 1708 | Computer 103
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A Two-Center Analysis of Hyperpolarized 129Xe Lung MRI in Stable Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis: Comparison of Image Analysis Approaches |
1Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States, 4Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States |
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The ventilation defect percent (VDP), measured from hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI, is sensitive to functional changes in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease; however, there is no consensus on which VDP calculation method is most appropriate for future multi-center clinical trials in CF. This study compared VDP analysis methods in hyperpolarized 129Xe datasets acquired in stable pediatric CF subjects at two institutions. In a combined dataset, a comparison of k-means, mean-anchored linear binning, and 99th percentile-anchored linear binning demonstrated that all three methods provide a good characterization of the disease, but mean-anchored linear binning provided the strongest correlation to pulmonary function tests. |
| 1709 | Computer 104
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Partial velocity-compensated optimized diffusion encoding for combined motion compensation and residual vessel signal suppression in liver ADC mapping |
1Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 3Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 4Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany |
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Despite its strong clinical significance in lesion detection and tumor staging, liver DWI remains challenged by its strong sensitivity to motion effects. Motion-compensated diffusion encoding schemes have recently been proposed to improve DW liver signal homogeneity especially in the left liver lobe, a region typically affected by cardiac motion. However, motion-compensated diffusion encoding is associated with hyperintense vessel signal even at high b-values, which can obscure lesion detection. The present work proposes a partial velocity-compensated diffusion encoding using asymmetric diffusion gradients for combined motion compensation and residual vessel signal suppression in liver DWI, optimized for short echo times. |
| 1710 | Computer 105
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Characterization of sub 1 cm Breast Lesions using Radiomics Analysis |
1Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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DCE MRI of breast lesions has high sensitivity (>90%) and reasonable specificity (>70%). However, the specificity for smaller lesions is known to be poorer due to the inability to confidently distinguish morphological and kinetic features. This work utilizes radiomics of model free parameter maps to improve the diagnostic accuracy of sub 1cm lesions with a PPV of 100% and a NPV of 91% obtained in a test dataset. The high level of correlation between texture features calculated from initial enhancement, overall enhancement, and area under the enhancement curve maps indicate that data acquisition beyond peak enhancement may be unnecessary. |
| 1711 | Computer 106
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Automatic prostate and prostate zones segmentation of magnetic resonance images using convolutional neural networks |
1Charite, Berlin, Germany, 2University of potsdam, Berlin, Germany |
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The purpose was to develop a fully automatic and accurate tool for prostate and prostate zone segmentation using T2-weighted MRI. Thus, we developed a new neural network named Dense U-Net which was trained on 143 patient datasets and tested on 45 patient datasets. This Dense U-Net compared with the state-of-the-art U-Net achieved an average dice score for the whole prostate of 89.4±0.8% vs. 88.4±0.8%, for the central zone of 83±0.2% vs. 83±0.2%, and for the peripheral zone of 76.9±0.2% vs. 74.6±0.2%, respectively. In conclusion, the developed Dense U-Net was more accurate than the state-of-the-art U-Net for prostate and prostate zone segmentation. |
| 1712 | Computer 107
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Radiomic Characteristics Derived from Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for the Assessment of Breast Cancer Receptor Status and Molecular Subtypes |
1Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 3Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 5Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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To evaluate the diagnostic performance of DWI radiomic signatures for the assessment of breast cancer receptor status and molecular subtypes. Ninety-one patients with breast cancer were included. Lesions were manually segmented on high b-value DWI and propagated to ADC maps. To compare different segmentation approaches a subgroup was directly segmented on the ADC map. Results demonstrate that DWI radiomic signatures enable the assessment of breast cancer receptor status and molecular subtypes with high accuracy. Higher accuracies are achieved when segmentations are performed directly on ADC maps that cancel out T2 shine-through indicating as the preferred approach for radiomic analysis. |
| 1713 | Computer 108
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Prediction of stage, differentiation and Ki-67 status of locally advanced cervical cancer by DCE-MRI texture analysis |
1Radiology, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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This retrospective study explored the value of texture analysis in predicting the stage, differentiation and Ki-67 status of pretreatment advanced cervical cancer. Multi-class radiomics feature extraction was performed on the maximum enhancement (ME) and maximum relative enhancement (MRE) maps from DCE-MRI. A prediction model using a machine learning-XGB classifier showed the mean sensitivities of predicting FIGOⅡb-Ⅲa, poor differentiation and high Ki-67 status were 0.767, 0.963 and 0.967; specificities were 0.958, 0.361 and 0.694 , and AUCs were 0.910, 0.920 and 0.840 respectively. DCE-MRI textural parameters have potential as non-invasive imaging biomarkers in predicting histopathology in advanced cervical cancer. |
| 1714 | Computer 109
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Prediction molecular subtypes of Breast Cancer by MRI Radiomics |
1Radiology, JiLin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, China, 2Radiology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, China, 3Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, China, 4Philips Healthcare, shanghai, China |
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Breast cancer molecular subtypes are indicators of disease free and overall survival. This study aimed to investigate whether quantitative radiomic features extracted from MRI images are associated with molecular subtypes of breast cancer. 135 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer were enrolled and divided into 3 groups as follow: triple-negative vs non–triple-negative, HER2-enriched vs non–HER2-enriched, and luminal (A + B) vs nonluminal. A machine learning scheme was employed for the classification. The mean AUC of the three models are 0.76, 0.85 and 0.73, respectively. There is a moderate association between tumour molecular biomarkers and radiomic features extracted from MRI images. |
| 1715 | Computer 110
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Fully Automated Segmentation of Cervical Cancer in Diffusion MR Imaging Using U-Net Convolutional Neural Networks |
1Dept. Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, 2Dept. Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
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The aim of the study is to evaluate the performance of U-Net in tumor segmentation on diffusion MR imaging for patients with cervical cancer. Diffusion weighted imaging of b0, b1000 and ADC maps were used for training. The ADC histogram parameters of predicted region of tumor were assessed for accuracy and reproducibility. The results show the triple-channel training algorithm exhibited the best performance in both training and testing datasets. The predicted voxels of tumor can be used to generate the volumetric ADC data for Radiomics study. |
| 1716 | Computer 111
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Texture Analysis based on functional magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of renal function |
1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, Beijing, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China, Beijing, China |
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Texture analysis (TA) based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), T1 and T2 mapping to evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) has not been explored before. A total of 116 participants underwent DWI, T1 and T2 mapping of both kidneys on a 3T MR scanner and texture features were measured for the cortex and medulla of each kidney. Models incorporating texture features mainly quantified from ADC and T1 maps produced a satisfactory performance for detecting abnormal renal function and characterizing the different severity of GFR decline. It’s promising that TA based on ADC and T1 maps could serve as imaging markers to evaluate renal function. |
| 1717 | Computer 112
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Evaluation of Variable-TE computed Diffusion Weighted Imaging Technique using Deep Learning based Noise Reduction |
1MRI development department, Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Tochigi, Japan |
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In this study to the authors adapted the variable-TE cDWI(vTE-cDWI) technique applying denoise approach with deep learning reconstruction(dDLR) to the abdominal region, using ADC-map, T2-map and T1-map with IR-based images. The algorithm under evaluation allows computing diffusion images for arbitrary combinations of TE, b-value and TI based on four acquisitions(4-points method). This technique was shown to generate vTE-cDWI with higher SNR compared to the acquired DWI, and dDLR increased the SNR more, as well as obtain ADC-maps and T1-maps with optimal TI for any arbitrary tissue. The clinical benefits of the method and results on volunteers are discussed. |
| 1718 | Computer 113
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Automatic breast lesion segmentation in MR images employing a dense attention fully convolutional network |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Shangdong, China, 3Department of Electronic Information Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China, 4Department of Radiology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China, 5Henan Provincial Peoples Hospital, Henan, China |
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Despite its high sensitivity, MR imaging has low specificity and high false positive issues. Therefore, automatic breast lesion detection algorithms are necessary. To this end, we propose a new network, dense attention network (DANet), for breast lesion segmentation in MR images. In DANet, we designed a feature fusion and selection mechanism. Features from the corresponding encoder layer and from all previous decoder layers are fused by concatenation. To highlight the rich-informative channels, a channel attention module is introduced. DANet showed better segmentation results compared to commonly applied segmentation networks on our 2D contrast-enhanced T1-weighted breast MR dataset. |
| 1719 | Computer 114
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Deep Learning off-resonance correction for faster free-breathing contrast-enhanced conical ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI of the pelvis |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, San Diego, CA, United States |
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MRI sequences with 3D cones k-space trajectories allow decreased motion artifacts while achieving ultrashort echo times (UTE). Extending readout durations allows decreased scan times but lead to worsening off-resonance artifacts. We assessed the performance of extended-readout, free-breathing UTE 3D cones MRI with and without a deep learning off-resonance correction in the evaluation of the adult pelvis. UTE imaging performed significantly better than 3D Cartesian spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) in noise, and after off-resonance correction also performed significantly better in artifact reduction. |
| 1720 | Computer 115
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Deep Learning Assisted Fully Automatic Post-Processing for Quantitative Lung MRI |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany |
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Functional lung MRI still suffers from a time consuming post-processing with manual image segmentation being its most time consuming part. We introduce and evaluate a deep learning based semantic image segmentation technique to enable fully automated post-processing in SENCEFUL-MRI. Obtained segmentations were compared to manual segmentations using the DICE similarity coefficient (DSC). Furthermore, quantitative ventilation values were obtained after manual and automatic segmentation. Mean DSC of the binary segmentation masks was 0.83 ± 0.09 and no significant difference in quantitative ventilation values was observed. Obtained results show that the time consuming manual post-processing in functional lung MRI can be automated by the proposed neural network. |
| 1721 | Computer 116
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A task-based endpoint assessment for CNN segmentations in radiomics processing |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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In this study, we present evidence that CNN-based segmentations are sufficient for automated ROI delineation in radiomics processing. |
| 1722 | Computer 117
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Validation of Radiomics Signature for Chemoradiotherapy Prediction of Advanced Cervical Cancer Based on a High Resolution T2WI Images |
1Qinhuangdao Municipal No. 1 Hospital, Qinhuangdao, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Qinhuangdao, China, 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 4Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China |
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This study performed a radiomics signature analysis based on a high resolution T2WI images, and evaluate the value of these quantitative features in prediction the treatment effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy-radiation therapy for advanced cervical cancer (>IIb) . And found that Shape and first-order features seems can provide valuable information and showed potential in prediction treatment effect of this disease. |
| 1723 | Computer 118
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Predicting Pathological Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using 3D Texture Feature Radiomics on Baseline Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) MRI |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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There is emerging data supporting the value of texture and other radiomics features extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI to characterize breast cancer subtypes and recurrence risk. DCE texture features may also provide unique value in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Our study investigated the predictive value of pretreatment DCE tumor texture features in 30 women with triple negative and luminal-B cancers undergoing NAC. We found higher-order texture features significantly predicted pathologic response, while other standard quantitative metrics did not. Our findings suggest texture features on DCE MRI may provide valuable information prior to treatment to help tailor therapies. |
| 1724 | Computer 119
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Application research on 3D texture analysis technology based on MRI in the identification of molecular subtypes of breast cancer |
1Radiology, JiLin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, JiLin Province, China, 2JiLin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun,JiLin Province, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 4JiLin Cancer Hospital, ChangChun, JiLin Province, China |
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The purpose of this work was to use radiomics features to build a classification model that can classify breast cancer into different molecular subtypes. Our result shows that some radiomics features have great potential to be an useful index in predicting the subtype of breast cancer, therefore providing helps for the development of clinical treatment decisions for breast cancer. |
| 1725 | Computer 120
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Deep Learning Model for Liver MRI Segmentation |
1Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 2Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 3Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 4Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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Hepatic segmentation is an important but tedious clinical task used in a variety of applications. Existing techniques are relatively narrow in scope, requiring a particular type of MRI sequence or CT for accurate segmentation. We developed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) capable of automated liver segmentation on single-shot fast spin echo, T1-weighted, or opposed phase proton-density (OP-PD) weighted sequences using separate training/validation and testing data sets. Compared to human segmenters, the CNN performed well, with volumetric DICE coefficients of 0.92-0.95. The CNN performed least consistently on OP-PD sequences, which had the smallest number of cases in the training/validation data set. |
| 1726 | Computer 121
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Deep-Learning-Based Denoising of Diffusion-Weighted Prostate Images |
1Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2GE Healthcare, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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Despite its unique capabilities, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in prostate is inherently limited by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Currently, gains in SNR of high b-value images are achieved through increase in the number of excitations (NEX), at the cost of increase in total acquisition time. We demonstrate feasibility of improving prostate DWI image quality by leveraging denoising convolutional network. Using pairs of "noisy" NEX4 and "clean" NEX16 DWI images, reconstructed from raw data, CNN was trained to denoise prostate DWI images. Denoising of images significantly improved SNR and increased overall image quality, reviewed by two experienced genitourinary radiologists. |
| 1727 | Computer 122
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The associations between breast density and the radiomic features derived from T1-weighted MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 2Stony Brook University Cancer Center, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 3Hematology and Oncology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 4Pathology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 5Radiology, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 6Computer Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States, 7Psychiatry, Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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Breast density (BD) has been recognized as a biomarker of breast cancer risk. We previously developed a highly reproducible MRI-based BD measurement (MRD), that is directly comparable to mammographic density, using fat-water decomposition MRI to assess the breast cancer risk in clinical trials. However, this method requires a specific sequence which cannot be applied to previously acquired data. In this work, we investigate possibility of using the radiomic features extracted from routine T1-weighted MRI to represent MRD. This finding enables a possibility of evaluating the breast cancer risk using the routine MRI data in clinical practice. |
| 1728 | Computer 123
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A Real-Time Centralized Pipeline for Reconstructing and Quantifying Hyperpolarized 129Xe Gas Exchange MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States, 3Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI is emerging as a powerful means to provide 3D quantitative mapping of ventilation, interstitial barrier uptake, and red blood cell transfer. However, this capability requires non-standard radial reconstruction and accurate lung segmentation to enable quantitative analysis. Such reconstruction and image processing would ideally be standardized and centralized to facilitate using 129Xe gas exchange MRI in multi-center clinical trials. To this end, we developed a neural-network based lung segmentation approach that automatically generates accurate masks. With this capability, we demonstrate a fully centralized processing pipeline for real-time reconstruction and quantitative reporting of 129Xe gas exchange MRI. |
| 1729 | Computer 124
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Proton density fat fraction results derived from deep learning auto-segmentation correlate strongly with results obtained by manual analysis |
1Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2Computational and Applied Statistics Laboratory (CASL), SDSC, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 3Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, CA, United States, 4NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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A widely-accepted method to estimate hepatic proton-density fat fraction (PDFF) is by averaging values derived from manually drawn regions-of-interest (ROIs) in the nine Couinaud segments. An automated deep-learning-based segmentation tool has been developed to potentially replace this labor-intensive and technically-challenging method. The purpose of this study was to compare whole-liver PDFF values obtained using this auto-segmentation tool to results obtained using manual analysis for a longitudinal multi-center clinical trial of 72 patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. We found that PDFF values estimated using the auto-segmentation tool were in near agreement with values derived by manually drawing ROIs. |
| 1730 | Computer 125
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Automated Assessment of Liver Parenchymal Enhancement on Hepatobiliary Phase MR Images Using a Convolutional Neural Network |
1Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 3Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Adequate hepatocellular enhancement (HCE) in Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI studies can often deviate from the standard delay of 20 minutes. In this study, we proposed a fully-automated CNN-based approach for real-time assessment of HCE adequacy and retrospectively evaluated performance using 1201 T1w HBP 3D image sets from 406 unique patients. Our proposed model classified images with inadequate uptake with an AUC of 97%. With further validation, this approach could be used to identify the earliest time point HCE adequacy is achieved, potentially shortening scanning time by tailoring the exam length to the individual liver’s ability to uptake contrast. |
| 1731 | Computer 126
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A virtual liver biopsy based on mixed MRI radiomics and biological data: a proof of concept |
1CREATIS CNRS UMR 5220; Inserm U1206; INSA-Lyon; UCBL Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France, 2Department of Radiology, CHU Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France, 3Department of Pathology, CHU Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France, 4Department of Hepato-Gastro-Enterology, CHU Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France, 5Department of Radiology, CHU Lyon Sud, Lyon, France |
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Whereas NASH is associated with poor long-term outcome, widespread screening is not currently feasible given that a definitive diagnosis of NASH can only be made through liver biopsy. In this study, a virtual liver biopsy was developed with machine learning from mixed multiparametric MRI radiomics and biological data. |
| 1732 | Computer 127
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Three-dimensional MR Elastography (MRE) can replace 2D MRE in staging liver fibrosis: Noninferiority test of the area under the ROC curve and comparison of image quality. |
1Department of Radiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 2South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China, 3Department of Pathology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China, 4Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 5MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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2D MR elastography (MRE) has been shown to be the most accurate noninvasive technique for the detection and staging of liver fibrosis. Tissue stiffness quantification based on 3D MRE is theoretically more accurate while having comparable diagnostic accuracy for staging fibrosis. Our results showed that the diagnostic performance of 3D MRE is not inferior to 2D MRE in assessing liver fibrosis by using a noninferiority test of the area under the ROC curve based on the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. Moreover, 3D MRE had better image quality and has the potential to replace 2D MRE in clinical applications. |
| 1733 | Computer 128
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Comparison of Spin-echo Echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) MR elastography (MRE) and Gradient-recalled echo (GRE) MRE at 3.0T in pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Philips Healthcare North America, Gainesville, FL, United States, 3Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Currently, most MRE performed clinically at 3.0T uses a GRE sequence. However, recent literature describes susceptibility effects from fat that may confound MRE performance, especially at 3.0T. SE-EPI is a faster technique that is less sensitive to susceptibility artifacts and signal loss and has recently been developed at 3.0T. In this work, we compare measures of liver stiffness between SE-EPI and GRE MRE techniques in pediatric patients with NAFLD at 3.0T. |
| 1734 | Computer 129
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Liver fibrosis detection and staging in rats: a comparative study of T1 relaxation time in the rotating frame block sequence and adiabatic sequence. |
1Radiology department, Zhujiang hospital of southern medical university, Guangzhou, China, 2MR clinical science, Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, 3Radiology department, Guangzhou, China, 4Radiology department, Shenzhen people's hospital, Shenzhen, China |
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Objective: To compare diagnostic performances on staging liver fibrosis of T1 relaxation time in the rotating frame block sequence and adiabatic sequence. Materials and Methods: 65 healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into model and black groups. Block T1ρ and adiabatic T1ρ were performed on the rats with a 3.0-T clinical scanner. Results: T1ρ values were significantly different among stages (P <0.05), except for stages S1 and S2 with block T1ρ. AUC for block T1ρ values were 0.989, 0.924, 0.932 and 0.923, respectively. AUC for Adiabatic T1ρ values were 0.992，0.948，0.967 and 0.963, respectively. Conclusions: Adiabatic T1ρvalues had higher diagnositic performances on staging liver fibrosis in rats. |
| 1735 | Computer 130
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Comparison of native T1 mapping and acoustic radiation force impulse elastography for noninvasively assessing liver fibrosis: repeatability, reproducibility, and staging and monitoring the fibrosis process |
1Department of Radiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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To investigate the performances of native T1 mapping for noninvasively assessing liver fibrosis, including repeatability, reproducibility, and staging and monitoring the process of fibrosis, and to compare them with those of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography. The results of our experimental study suggest that native T1 mapping may be a reliable, accurate, and noninvasive tool for assessing liver fibrosis. Compared with ARFI elastography, native T1 mapping is a more robust quantitative technique with similar performances for staging fibrosis. Furthermore, it has a higher accuracy for monitoring liver fibrosis, especially for detecting fibrosis regression. |
| 1736 | Computer 131
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The quantitative evaluation of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced magnetic resonance imaging T1mapping imaging on liver fibrosis |
1Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 2Philips Healthcare,Shanghai,China, Shanghai, China |
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Liver biopsy is an invasive inspection method of staging liver fibrosis，but we study was to evaluate a new procedure by injecting a Gd-EOB-DTPA that hepatobiliary specific contrast to stage the liver fibrosis non-invasively. |
| 1737 | Computer 132
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Evaluation of Fontan Associated Liver Disease (FALD) with MRI: Does cardiac function play a role? |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, MADISON, WI, United States, 2Radiology, Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, Medicine, Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, MADISON, WI, United States |
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The Fontan procedure prolongs survival in patients with congenital heart disease with mono-ventricle physiology but is associated with multiple long-term complications, including Fontan associated liver disease (FALD). The pathophysiology of FALD is poorly understood. In this study, the relationship between ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and FALD was investigated through a retrospective review of 24 Fontan patients who underwent cardiac and liver MRI. No correlation was identified between systemic ventricular EF and liver stiffness. This demonstrates the need for further investigation into the pathophysiology of FALD. Potential exploration may include flow related differences, or variations in systemic venous pressures. |
| 1738 | Computer 133
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Quantitative MRI to assess portal hypertension in cirrhosis patients at 3T |
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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We have previously validated MRI as a surrogate measure of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG) at 1.5T using T1 relaxation time and splanchnic haemodynamics. Here, we explore the use of quantitative 3T MRI to assess portal hypertension. A strong correlation between HVPG and fat suppressed IR SE-EPI T1 (p<0.0001) and a correlation with superior mesenteric artery (SMA) velocity (p=0.02) was observed. MOLLI T1 showed a weak correlation with HVPG (p=0.11) compared with SE-EPI (p<0.001) in a matched patient subset. A fat suppressed IR SE-EPI T1 scheme and SMA velocity can be used as a surrogate for HVPG at 3T. |
| 1739 | Computer 134
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The value of hepatocyte fraction based on pharmacokinetic model using gadoxetate disodium in assessment of liver fibrosis stage |
1Radiology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun YAT-SEN University, Jiangmen, China, 2Radioogy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China, 3Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun YAT-SEN University, Jiangmen, China, 4Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Affiliated Jiangmen Hospital of Sun YAT-SEN University, Jiangmen, China, 5Healthcare, Philips, Guangzhou, China |
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Liver fibrosis is prevalent in patients with chronic liver disease, and the early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is still challenging in clinical practice. In this study, the hepatocyte fraction (HepF) was calculated using the T1 value before and 20min after Gd-EOB-DTPA injection (hepatobiliary phase). Patients with severe liver fibrosis showed significantly higher T1 value and lower HepF value. In addition, HepF achieved the best performance in differentiation of liver fibrosis from non-fibrosis (AUC = 0.74), and mild liver fibrosis from severe liver fibrosis (AUC = 0.95), proving HepF can be a better noninvasive quantitative method for liver fibrosis evaluation. |
| 1740 | Computer 135
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Texture analysis Using Hepatobiliary Phase Gadoxetic-acid MRI for the Detection of Liver Allograft Fibrosis |
1Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to assess the value of qualitative and quantitative texture features on gadoxetic-acid enhanced MRI compared to blood tests for the detection of liver allograft fibrosis. We found that quantitative texture analysis and laboratory FIB-4 score exhibited complementary information for prediction of fibrosis stage, while qualitative MRI features were only valuable for identifying advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis. |
| 1741 | Computer 136
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A Rapid MR Elastography Sequence with Spatial Saturation Pulses to Suppress Vascular Flow |
1Philips, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 3Philips, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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We describe a rapid fast field echo (FFE) Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) pulse sequence for measurement of liver stiffness in reduced breath hold times (from 13.3s to 9.2s/slice). The key features of the sequence include: 1) modified motion encoding gradients to allow a shorter TR while maintaining appropriate synchronization with the period of the applied mechanical motion; 2) flow saturation pre-pulses to suppress ascending and descending vascular flow; and 3) SENSE reconstruction. Through validation in a gel phantom and subsequent measurement of liver stiffness in vivo, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the new pulse sequence. |
| 1742 | Computer 137
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Building an animal liver fibrosis bioimaging database for the MR imaging severity index establishment: progress report |
1Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4Medical Research Institute, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung-si, Korea, Republic of |
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The purpose of this study is to establish the imaging severity index of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced animal liver fibrosis model by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques. |
| 1743 | Computer 138
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Monitoring of antiviral treatment with MR elastography in chronic hepatitis patient: Feasibility study |
1Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Multi-parametric MR including MR elastography (MRE), IDEAL IQ and diffusion weighted image were performed in patients with chronic liver disease. Among them, 15 patients were treated with antiviral agents which could improve liver fibrosis. In patients who underwent antiviral treatment, liver stiffness measured by MRE after treatment was significantly decreased. Liver stiffness in non-treated group and other MR parameters in both groups were not significantly changed. In conclusion, MRE could be used for the response evaluation of antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis |
| 1744 | Computer 139
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Assessment of Spin-Echo and Gradient-Echo Liver MRE in Healthy Children and Children with Suspected Fibrosis at 3 T |
1Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) accurately measures liver stiffness and correlates with liver histopathology. However, conventional gradient-echo (GRE) MRE sequences require multiple breath-holds. Spin-echo echo-planar-imaging (SE-EPI) MRE only requires a single breath-hold. In this study we compared 2D SE-EPI and 2D rapid-GRE MRE sequences at 3T in healthy children and children with suspected fibrosis. Both SE-EPI and rapid-GRE had good repeatability, reproducibility, inter-reader agreement, and quantitative agreement in liver stiffness. SE-EPI provided larger measurable liver ROI sizes than rapid-GRE. SE-EPI may be desirable for measuring fibrosis in children with limited or inconsistent breath-hold ability and reduce scan times. |
| 1745 | Computer 140
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Gadoxetic acid-enhanced perfusion quantification in the liver and spleen in portal hypertension |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to assess the potential value of perfusion quantification using DCE-MRI with gadoxetic acid in the liver and spleen for noninvasive assessment of portal hypertension (PH). We found that the liver uptake fraction was significantly negatively correlated with hepatic venous pressure gradient measurements. We conclude that liver perfusion quantification is promising for noninvasive assessment of PH. After validation of these findings in a larger cohort of patients, DCE-MRI may potentially decrease the need of invasive portal pressure measurements. |
| 1746 | Computer 141
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Alteration of blood flow in hepatic fibrosis: preliminary results |
1Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Seoul National University college of medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3GE Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 4GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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Portal flow is believed to relate to liver regeneration and may reflect the hemodynamic change of liver cirrhosis. So far, it has been relied on Doppler examination, which only sampled in local two-dimensional (2D) acquisition planes. Recently, four-dimensional (4D) flow acquisition of MRI may provide more accurate vascular flow information. However, there have been only a few studies of the liver in the literature. |
| 1747 | Computer 142
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A Promising Procedure for the Staging of Liver Fibrosis Using Hepatocyte Fraction |
1Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 2Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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Liver biopsy is an invasive and painful procedure for staging liver fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate a new procedure by injecting a hepatobiliary-specific contrast agent Gadolinium |
| 1748 | Computer 143
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Non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension using magnetic resonance elastography and ultrasound shear wave elastography of the liver and spleen. |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The aim of this ongoing prospective study is to investigate the utility of both 2D and 3D MR elastography (MRE) and ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) for the assessment of portal hypertension in patients with chronic liver disease. Initial results indicate that 3D MRE measured spleen stiffness and the spleen to liver stiffness ratio measured with 3D MRE and SWE significantly correlate with hepatic venous pressure gradient measurement. This suggests that 3D MRE is sensitive to physiological changes associated with portal hypertension. Confirmation in a larger patient cohort may validate 3D MRE as a non-invasive surrogate for portal pressure measurement. |
| 1749 | Computer 144
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Assessment of chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis staging using Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI compared with ultrasonic transient elastography |
1Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Philips healthcare, Beijing China, Beijing, China |
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we compare the value of IVIM and ultrasonic transient elastography in evaluating the fibrosis staging of patients with chronic hepatitis B, and we found that IVIM is potential to assese chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis and inferior to ultrasonic transient elastography, however Dslow and f have comparable diagnostic value with ultrasonic transient elastography in evaluating in liver fibrosis stage≥F3. |
| 1750 | Computer 145
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New MRI Method for the Detection of Liver Fibrosis: Validation and Staging |
1Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States, 2Kunming Biomed International, Kunming, China |
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The purpose of this study was to develop a MR imaging markers for quantitative assessment of liver fibrosis and validate the method. Both normal monkeys and monkeys with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis were used for the validation study compared to histopathology of liver biopsy specimens. Liver extracellular volume was quantified and correlated strongly with biopsy fibrosis scores.
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| 1751 | Computer 146
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Liver injury monitoring, fibrosis staging and inflammatory grading with T1rho MR imaging: an experimental study in rats with carbon tetrachloride intoxication |
1Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this article, we investigate the value of T1rho MRI in monitoring CCl4-induced liver injury, staging liver fibrosis and grading inflammation activity in a rat model. Forty-one model rats underwent black blood T1rho MRI in multiple time points, and eleven normal rats selected as control group. Liver T1rho values were measured in different time points and compared between different fibrosis stages and inflammation grades. Our result showed that T1rho MRI can be used to monitor CCl4-induced liver injury. Changes of liver T1rho values were the result of a combination of liver fibrosis and inflammation activity, and inflammation activity had a greater impact on liver T1rho values than fibrosis. |
| 1752 | Computer 147
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Staging liver fibrosis with T1rho MR imaging and ultrasonic elastography alone and in combination in patients with chronic hepatitis B |
1Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this article, we compare the diagnostic efficiency of T1rho, ultrasonic elastography (UE) and the combination of them in staging liver fibrosis. Thirty-two patients with chronic hepatitis B underwent T1rho MRI and UE were analyzed. T1rho is better than UE in staging liver fibrosis, and the combination of T1ho and UE can improve the diagnostic efficiency in differentiating F1 from F2-4. |
| 1753 | Computer 148
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Non-invasive assessment of hepatic fibrosis and inflammatory activity in patients with chronic hepatitis B：Comparison of multiple diffusion-weighted MR imaging models |
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou, 450003, China., Zhengzhou, China, 3Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare & School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China., Zhengzhou, China |
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In this study, we assessed the value of various diffusion parameters obtained from monoexponential, biexponential, and stretched-exponential DWI models in predicting the hepatic fibrosis (HF) stage and inflammatory activity grade in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We found that true diffusion coefficient (Dt) and distributed diffusion coefficient (DDC) are promising indicators and outperform the standard apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCst) for HF staging and inflammatory activity grading. We believe that biexponential and stretched-exponential model could be more helpful compared with monoexponential model in monitoring the progression of HF and inflammatory activity, guiding therapy, and assessing the effect of the treatment. |
| 1754 | Computer 151
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Correlation between susceptibility, R2* and PDFF in liver |
1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Radiological Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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A susceptibility difference between the water and fat components in liver should give rise to a linear increase in R2* with proton density fat fraction (PDFF). This is observed empirically although the value of the susceptibility difference is subject to variability (from ~0 ppm to 0.75ppm). The present abstract aims to measure the susceptibility difference directly by measuring liver susceptibility as a function of the PDFF in patients with fatty liver. |
| 1755 | Computer 152
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Quantitative DCE-MRI Analysis without an Arterial Input Function: A Comparison Study with Compartment Modeling in Liver Lesions |
1Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 2Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is a noninvasive |
| 1756 | Computer 153
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Temperature sensitivities of T1, fat fraction and water resonance frequency characterised in ex vivo human livers |
1Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 5Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 6Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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MR techniques enable viability assessment of ex vivo organs for transplantation and non-invasive post-mortem examinations. However, temperature variations in ex vivo tissue and cadavers can drastically alter MR measurements of T1 and fat fraction, which risks masking underlying pathology if not considered carefully. Therefore, we investigated the changes observed in fat fraction and T1 in ex vivo human livers during a period of cooling and re-warming. Obtaining multiple measurements at different temperatures enabled determination of temperature sensitivity independent of underlying pathology, which could be used to perform a “temperature correction” of ex vivo data allowing greater sensitivity to pathological changes. |
| 1757 | Computer 154
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Accuracy of multi-echo Dixon sequence in the quantification of hepatic steatosis in Chinese children and adolescents, with reference to HISTO |
1Shenzhen children’s hospital, Shenzhen, China, 2Siemens Healthcare, Guangzhou, China |
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This study investigated the accuracy of MRI in quantifying liver fat of 86 Chinese children and adolescents, with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) as reference. MRI and MRS were performed with multi-echo Dixon (ME Dixon) and HISTO sequence respectively to calculate hepatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF). Hepatic steatosis was diagnosed using MRS-PDFF > 5% as threshold. Spearman analysis indicated excellent correlation between ME Dixon and MRS (r>0.9，P<0.01). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated good agreement between these two methods, indicating that ME Dixon can be an accurate way to detect hepatic steatosis in children and adolescents. |
| 1758 | Computer 155
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Liver proton density fat fraction as a trial endpoint in an international multi-site phase-II trial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following treatment with duodenal mucosal resurfacing |
1UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Medical Physics, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 3Fractyl Laboratories Inc., Lexington, MA, United States, 4Centre for Obesity Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom, 5National Institute of Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom |
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Vendor-certified proton density fat fraction (PDFF) sequences are commercially available across multiple scanner systems and represent a robust method for quantification of liver fat and liver T2* mapping. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dysregulation of iron homeostasis. Duodenal mucosal resurfacing (DMR) is a novel treatment for patients with T2DM who have poor glycaemic control. We describe our technique for quality assurance across multiple sites using custom fat-water phantoms and report preliminary liver PDFF and liver iron concentration results from a cross-site, multi-vendor study in patients at baseline and 12 weeks after DMR. |
| 1759 | Computer 156
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A new calibration between R2* and Liver Iron Concentration derived from 167 clinical cases |
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld., Australia, 2School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia, 3Translational Research Institute, Woolangabba Qld., Australia |
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The commonly used equation to determine Liver iron concentration (LIC) from R2* was developed from a very small cohort (n=23) and an acquisition approach significantly different to that currently used in clinic. Three subsequent calibrations used progressively larger moderate (n=43-88) to derive divergent results. This study measured liver R2* from 835 gradient echo relaxometry acquisitions in 167 clinical examinations. Correlation between R2* and reference LIC measurement was evaluated for first to third order polynomials. A linear equation provided the best fit, delivering a new calibration equation that differs significantly from earlier work. |
| 1760 | Computer 157
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IRON MEASUREMENTS BY QUANTITATIVE MRI-R2* AT 3.0 AND 1.5 T IN COMPARISON TO SQUID BIOMAGNETIC LIVER SUSCEPTOMETRY (BLS) |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany, 2Radiology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 3Haemato-Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 4University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 5UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, CA, United States |
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In this study the suitability of a 3.0 T imager for iron measurements over the whole range of possible iron concentrations in the liver and other organs or glands is investigated. For this purpose the results on liver iron is compared for the feasibility of 3.0T to both 1.5T MRI and SQUID BLS. |
| 1761 | Computer 158
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Correlation Between Somatostatin Treatment and Elevated Hepatic Fat Fraction on MRI in Patients with Neuroendocrine Tumors |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Up to 90% of neuroendocrine tumor patients have metastatic disease in the liver at diagnosis. These patients are treated with somatostatin analog therapy and monitored with CT or MRI. We demonstrate in a retrospective study that somatostatin therapy is associated with the development of elevated liver fat fraction on MRI. Furthermore, preliminary results suggest that hepatic steatosis decreases lesion detectability on CT compared to MRI. Studies are ongoing to determine the severity of steatosis and relationship to cumulative somatostatin dose, variation in fat fraction over time and the response to change in medication, and effect on liver function. |
| 1762 | Computer 159
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MRI Relaxometry in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) |
1Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute for Innovation in Imaging (i3), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Division of Surgical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by the presence of steatosis, inflammation |
| 1763 | Computer 160
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Relation between T1 and T2 of liver water and fat and Proton Density Fat Fraction estimated by a flip angle corrected multi-TR, multi-TE single breath-hold 1H MRS STEAM sequence |
1Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States, 2NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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We examine the relationship between liver water and fat T1 and T2, and PDFF in adult subjects undergoing non-contrast exams using a version of the multi-TR, multi-TE 1H MRS sequence that estimates and corrects for flip angle based on a non-steady-state approach. |
| 1764 | Computer 161
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MRI Relaxometry based Liver Iron Content Determination: Comparing Gradient-Echo R2* and Spin-Echo with respect to Age and Gender |
1Dept. for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 2Section for Experimental Radiology, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 3Clinic for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University, Medical Center, Ulm, Germany |
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To address probable differences in signal characteristics between spin-echo (SE) and gradient-echo (GRE), 83 patients suspected for liver iron overload were investigated with 1.5 T MRI with the approved Ferriscan® method based on SE, and a prototype breathhold 3D GRE protocol employing parallel imaging with in-line R2* calculation. R2* values were correlated with reference LIC for all patients together and in subgroups according to age and gender. Highly significant differences (P=0.009) were found between males and females in the age range from 12 to 45 years, possibly reflecting different underlying iron storage mechanisms. |
| 1765 | Computer 162
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Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) compared to T2* mapping in the presence of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis |
1Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland, 2Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland |
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We hypothesized, that susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and T2*-mapping are dependent on liver steatosis, which should be taken into account when using these parameters to grade liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. In this study 184 patients underwent multiparametric MRI at 3T including SWI, T1/T2* mapping as well as proton density fat fraction quantification and MR elastography as reference standard. SWI and T2* were both highly dependent on the degree of liver steatosis (p<0.001). However, SWI allowed a better differentiation between liver fibrosis grades (p <0.001) than T2*. Nevertheless, both parameters are useful predictors for liver fibrosis when using a multiparametric approach. |
| 1766 | Computer 163
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Quantitative evaluation of hepatic steatosis using rapid multi-echo Dixon technique in patients with obesity |
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou,Henan, China, 2Henan Key Laboratory for Medical Imaging of Neurological Diseases, Zhengzhou,Henan, China, 3Cooperative Innovation Center of Internet Healthcare,Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,Henan, China, 4School of Software and Applied Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou,Henan, China |
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This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging multi-echo Dixon rapid liver fat quantitative analysis for liver fat content in the obese patients. In the first of our study, we performed liver scan on 17 obese patients using multi-echo Dixon rapid liver fat quantification technique and then we re-measured the entire liver fat content by previous method manually drawing ROIs on each liver segment. The Bland-Altman plots and Pearson correlation analysis were performed on the quantitative results of the above two methods. There statistical analysis showed there were good consistence and highly correlated with the two methods. We found the multi-echo Dixon rapid liver fat quantitative can simply, feasibility and accurately assess the liver fat content in the patients with obese . |
| 1767 | Computer 164
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Determining Liver Function: Comparison of Gadoxetate Pharmacokinetic Models Using Perfusion Imaging |
1Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 2Imaging Biomarkers group, Department of Biomedical Imaging, Leeds University, Leeds, United Kingdom, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden |
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Hepatic uptake rate of Gadoxetate is a liver function biomarker. Different approaches for pharmacokinetic modelling exists, both with regards to model architecture and choice of input data, with both blood and spleen being used to estimate input‑function. We fitted three models to perfusion data, using both aorta and portal venous inputs, as well as splenic input. We showed that the hepatic uptake rate of Gadoxetate is robust, in that the uptake rate is not very dependent on how the liver perfusion is modelled. However, the choice of vascular or splenic input can affect the uptake rate. |
| 1768 | Computer 165
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Phase-contrast MRI-based estimation of labeling efficiency for liver pseudo-Continuous Arterial Spin Labeling |
1Medical Physics and Biomedical Engeneering, University Collenge London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 2Imaging, University College London Hospitals, London, United Kingdom, 3Centre for Medical Imaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Chronic liver disease is associated with profound changes in the dual portal venous (PV) and hepaticarterial (HA) blood supply to the liver. Pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) canmeasure hepatic blood non-invasively and separate PV and HA contributions, however quantification is directly proportional to the labeling efficiency (alpha), and can therefore significantly affect overall quantification. This study estimates alpha for the PV, descending aorta (DA) and HA using a Bloch equation simulator and velocities measured directly using phase-contrast MRI at the level of the labeling plane, taking into account the effects of labeling plane angulation. We demonstrate that it is reasonable to assume a labeling efficiency of 0.85 for hepatic pCASL in normal volunteers. |
| 1769 | Computer 166
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Validation of T1 map on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced liver MRI as a quantitative biomarker of liver function: Calibration, reproducibility, and diagnostic value |
1Radiology, Ajou university hospital, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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T1 map using MOLLI sequence on EOB-MRI showed promise for evaluating liver function in patients with liver cirrhosis. Especially, T1-map was accurate to evaluate T1 values based on quantitative phantom study and accurate to diagnose decompensated liver cirrhosis. However, test-retest reproducibility was moderate, requiring further technical improvement. |
| 1770 | Computer 167
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Quantitative Measurement of Serial Contrast Agent Distribution between Liver and Blood in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease using T1 mapping |
1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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This study investigates the post-contrast time sensitivity of liver-to-blood partition coefficient. In vivo change in liver-to-blood contrast distribution was calculated at 3 time-points following contrast administration using a fast inversion-recovery Look-Locker T1 mapping approach. While measurement and exam time variation did not reveal a consistent equilibrium time threshold, results show that contrast distribution becomes increasingly different between chronic and non-chronic liver disease groups at least 5 minutes post-contrast, allowing possible measurement of liver extracellular volume fraction. |
| 1771 | Computer 168
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Noninvasive Assessment of Abdominal Adipose Tissues and Fat Quantification of the Liver and Pancreas in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
1Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder effecting millions of people worldwide. T2DM is associated with insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction which promote ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity in muscle, liver, and pancreatic beta cells. However, the impact of dysfunctional adipose tissue has not been fully elucidated. Here we examined the adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), hepatic fat fraction (HFF) and pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) difference between T2DM and age-matched healthy controls using the 6-point Dixon MRI technique and assess relationship with biochemical markers of insulin resistance. We observed trend of increasing VAT, SAT and TAT volume in T2DM patients along with significantly higher HFF% and PFF%. HbA1c in T2DM patients were positively correlated with VAT, total adipose tissue and HFF%. Our preliminary results of increased SAT and VAT reaffirmed that central obesity is connected with the evolution of T2DM. Increased HFF% and correlation of increased HbA1c with increased HFF% in T2DM suggested that T2DM patients suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In summary, increased liver, pancreatic fat, and adipose tissue characterize T2DM patients and the insulin resistance. Better understanding of these results will help us in formulate early intervention strategies and to evaluate the efficacy of therapies. |
| 1772 | Computer 169
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3D Stack-of-Stars Radial Imaging for Motion-Robust Free-Breathing Hepatobiliary Phase Imaging |
1Departments of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 2Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, United States, 3Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 4Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Houston, TX, United States, 5Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 6Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 7Medicine and Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States |
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Free-breathing hepatobiliary phase imaging with gadoxetate disodium is challenging due to respiratory motion. This study examines an intrinsically motion-robust fat-suppressed T1-weighted 3D stack-of-stars gradient echo technique (LAVA Star) with soft gating. An estimate of respiratory motion is derived either from a navigator tracker with a wide acceptance window, which produces the best image quality, or self-navigation, which offers the most convenient workflow, particularly in challenging clinical situations. In either case, the retrospective soft gating reduces scan time variability compared to a conventional prospective navigator. |
| 1773 | Computer 170
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Inter-site repeatability and quantitative assessment of hepatic transporter function with DCE-MRI in rats |
1MR & CT Contrast Media Research, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany, 2Leeds Imaging Biomarkers Group, Department of Biomedical Imaging Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 3R&D TIM - Bioimaging Germany, Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 4Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany, 5Manchester Science Park, Bioxydyn Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom, 6Division of Informatics Imaging & Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine & Health, Centre for Imaging Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom, 7BioVenture Hub, Antaros Medical, Mölndal, Sweden, 8Chalmers University of Technology, MedTech West, Gothenburg, Sweden, 9Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, PA, United States |
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Drug-induced liver injury can halt liver-metabolized drug development or cause withdrawal from the market. Toxicologists lack appropriate and reproducible assays. We present repeatability and reproducibility results from a multi-center study with dynamic gadoxetate-enhanced MR imaging biomarkers of hepatic transporter-mediated injury in rats. Our study supports the development of a validated liver function-specific quantitative MR imaging biomarker, and we demonstrate that the biomarkers are repeatable and that the previously reported MR assay findings are reproducible across three centers. |
| 1774 | Computer 171
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Preoperative Remnant Liver Function Evaluated by a Clinical-Available Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced MR Imaging Protocol: Independently Significant Indicator in Predicting Posthepatectomy Liver Failure in HCC Patients |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China, 3Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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Preoperative remnant liver function evaluation is important for surgery planning and reducing posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) rate in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. This study demonstrated that the remnant liver functions preoperatively evaluated by a clinical available Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced imaging protocol were the independently significant indicator in predicting PHLF after adjusting for other PHLF risk factors including sex, age, hepatitis, cirrhosis, preoperative blood serum indices, operation time, intraoperative blood loss and intraoperative blood transfusion in the multivariate logistic regression. |
| 1775 | Computer 172
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Clinical, technical, and biochemical predictors of adequate hepatobiliary phase enhancement on Gadobenate-Dimeglumine-enhanced MRI of the liver in patients with chronic liver disease and HCC |
1Department of Radiology, The third affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States |
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Liver dysfunction impairs the uptake of gadobenate dimeglumine by liver parenchyma, which reduces hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) conspicuity on hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images. Although the effect of Child-Pugh class and some biologic factors have been investigated, there is a paucity of data on other plausible predictors of HBP adequacy. Here we show that elevated albumin level, prolonged HBP delay time, and absence of liver cirrhosis predict HBP adequacy on gadobenate-MRI in patients with chronic liver disease and HCC. In the subset of patients with cirrhosis and HCC, adequate HBP was associated with elevated serum creatinine level and prolonged HBP delay time. |
| 1776 | Computer 173
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Bayesian selection of dedicated liver iron quantification MRI for patients with clinically-significant iron overload |
1UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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R2- and R2*-MRI has become an important clinical tool to noninvasively quantify liver iron concentration (LIC) in patients with significant iron overload who may require iron-reducing therapy. However, these highly specialized exams can only be performed on dedicated 1.5T scanners meeting certain technical specifications. Therefore, a priori selection of patients according to their pre-test probabilities of significant iron overload may help correctly match the patients’ clinical needs to the appropriate MRI scanner and exam protocol. This study derives a Bayesian patient selection criterion based on serum ferritin to identify patients who may and may not benefit from dedicated liver iron quantification MRI. |
| 1777 | Computer 174
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A Quantitative MRI Phantom to Mimic the Simultaneous Presence of Fat, Iron, and Fibrosis |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States, 4Calimetrix LLC, Madison, WI, United States, 5Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 7Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Fat, iron and fibrosis are important features of liver disease that commonly coexist. Emerging quantitative MRI biomarkers including proton density fat fraction (PDFF), R2*/R2 and T1 enable quantification of fat, iron, and fibrosis, respectively, and require quantitative MR phantoms for validation and quality assurance. Although current phantoms enable separate adjustment of PDFF, R2*/R2 or T1, there is an unmet need for phantoms that accurately mimic MRI signals in the presence of simultaneous fat, iron and fibrosis by jointly controlling PDFF, R2*/R2 and T1. In this work, we develop and validate a novel phantom that jointly controls PDFF, R2*/R2 and T1. |
| 1778 | Computer 1
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B0 and B1 Inhomogeneities in the Liver at 1.5T and 3.0T |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Inhomogeneities in the static (B0) and transmitted (B1) magnetic fields can lead to artifacts and image degradation for a large variety of imaging applications. Quantitative MRI applications that fail to account for B0 and B1 inhomogeneities may suffer from substantial errors. Understanding the range of expected B0 and B1 inhomogeneities experienced in vivo is essential to engineer solutions aimed at avoiding or correcting for these effects. In this work, we measure the B0 and B1 inhomogeneities in the liver of 60 and 312 patients, respectively, at both 1.5T and 3.0T. |
| 1779 | Computer 2
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Quantitative Assessment of Liver Function using Hepatocyte Fraction on Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced MRI |
1the Third People’s Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of hepatocyte fraction on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for the assessment of liver function of HBV-induced cirrhosis. We used Look-Locker sequences to acquire T1 mapping images pre and post-contrast at 20 minutes after Gd-EOB-DTPA administration, hepatocyte fraction (HeF) and KHep values were measured. Our study showed that hepatocyte fraction is useful for the evaluation of liver function of HBV-induced cirrhosis. |
| 1780 | Computer 3
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Color-Encoded Multiparametric 3D Fast Dixon |
1Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States, 2Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States |
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We developed a novel color-encoding technique for Dixon imaging that combines in-phase, out-of-phase and water images into a single intuitive color image. We demonstrate its potential to facilitate interpretation of these complex information-rich datasets, reduce the number of requisite images to be stored and reviewed, and thereby extend Dixon’s clinical utility across the body. |
| 1781 | Computer 4
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Stretched exponential diffusion-weighted imaging model in quantitative diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease : a rabbit model study |
1XiangYa school of medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, 2Clinical Medical School of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China, 3GE Healthcare，MR Research China, beijing, China |
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We aimed to investigate if a stretched exponential diffusion weighted imaging model (SEM) can be applied to assess nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) disease by providing distributed-diffusion-coefficient (DDC) and α separately evaluating mean intravoxel diffusion rate and diffusion heterogeneity. The SEM model was then applied to analyze NAFLD in a rabbit model and compared with a mono-exponential (ME) model. While DDC from the SEM model showed comparable values with apparent-diffusion-coefficient (ADC) estimated in the ME model, alpha indicated more robust performance in the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Therefore, SEM model showed a great potential in early diagnosis of NASH. |
| 1782 | Computer 5
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Super high temporal frame rate reconstruction in abdominal dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI using stack-of-stars acquisition (LAVA-Star) under free breathing toward comprehensive hemodynamic analysis of the abdominal vessels and organs: a feasibility study |
1MR Collaboration and Development, GE Healthcare, Hino, Japan, 2Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan, 3MR Collaboration and Developement, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, United States, 4MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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We demonstrated the feasibility of breath hold-free dynamic MRI of the liver using stack-of-stars acquisition with super high temporal frame rate (0.5s/phase) reconstruction. Stack-of-stars acquisition with soft gating technique enabled to acquire sufficient quality of dynamic MRI without breath-holdings. The super high frame rate reconstruction provided the better time-intensity curves, which enabled to capture accurate time-to-peak enhancement of each vessel, a second bolus pass in the aorta, and the peak delay from splenic vein to main portal vein. This technique is feasible for the comprehensive understandings of hemodynamics in arterial and portal venous circulation and abdominal organs. |
| 1783 | Computer 6
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Better Depiction of Cystic Duct with Breath-hold 3D MRCP accelerated with GRASE as compared with FSE-based MRCP with Compressed Sensing at 1.5T |
1Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan, 2Nagoya University, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, 4Hamamatsu Univ. Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan |
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We compared the depiction of the cystic duct between two types of 3D breath-holding MRCP accelerated with GRASE (GRASE-MRCP) and FSE with compressed sensing (CS-MRCP) at 1.5T. Although imaging time and overall image quality |
| 1784 | Computer 7
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Magnetic susceptibility of gallbladder stones |
1Radiology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India, 2Philips Innovation Campus, Philips India Limited, Bengaluru, India, 3Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, BENGALURU, India, 4Philips India Limited, Gurgaon, India, 5Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India, 6Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health And Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India, 7Surgery, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India |
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Quantification of volume magnetic susceptibility of extracted gallbladder stones, with 28 different types of textures, was performed using quantitative susceptibility mapping. Both dia- and para-magnetic stones are seen and the susceptibility values were found to be comparable in magnitude to those found in venous vessels and blood products – and hence could be detected in-vivo using SWI. This is in agreement with a recent work reporting visualization of gall-stones using SWI. |
| 1785 | Computer 8
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High-fat stimulation in healthy subjects: Longitudinal monitoring of bile acid and diffusivity changes in the gallbladder by MRS and MRI |
1DBMR & DIPR, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland |
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Bile exerts multiple functions in the liver and gut and is a key player in disease processes. In this pilot study we implemented a standardized stimulation test with high-fat diet in lean physically fit individuals and performed MRS and MRI measurements longitudinally to monitor bile acid composition and diffusivity changes in the gallbladder, with the long term aim to determine a specific bile-acid-microbiota “signature”. Strongly increased bile acid and lipid resonances and reduced diffusivity after lipid ingestion were determined as well as reversal to base values within 24h, demonstrating the feasibility and potential of the method. |
| 1786 | Computer 9
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Artifacts in the arterial phase during gadoxetic-acid-enhanced MRI: multiple arterial phases versus single arterial phase from two different vendors |
1Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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In this article, we compare the usefulness of multiple arterial phases (APs) and a relatively short breath-hold single AP to reduce the motion artifact in gadoxetic-acid-enhanced MRI. The transient motion artifact (TMA) score and phase timing of the AP in 540 consecutive patients were retrospectively analyzed. Our results showed that the best mean TMA score for multiple APs was significantly lower than that for the conventional single AP, but a relatively short breath-hold single AP did not reduce the incidence of TMA. In addition, multiple APs can capture more satisfactory ones, which meets clinical diagnostic requirements. |
| 1787 | Computer 10
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Breathhold Black Blood Quantitative Parametric Imaging of the Liver Using Magnetization Prepared Single Shot Fast Spin Echo with DANTE Preparation |
1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 2Philips Healthcare, Shanhai, China, 3Philips Healthcare, Hong Kong, China, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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| 1788 | Computer 11
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Breath hold free hepatobiliary phase imaging: usefulness of stack-of-stars acquisition |
1Department of Radiology, University of Yamanashi, Chuo-shi, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, 3MR Collaboration and Development, GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 4MR Collaboration and Development, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, United States, 5MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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We compared the quality of hepatobiliary phase (HBP) imaging using the prototype pulse sequences stack-of-stars liver acquisition with volume acceleration (LAVA) (LAVA Star) with or without navigator echoes (LAVA Starnavi+ and LAVA Starnavi-) and Cartesian LAVA with navigator echoes (Cartesian LAVAnavi+). LAVA Starnavi+ showed better image quality, liver edge sharpness, and hepatic vein clarify than others. The images of LAVA Starnavi+ had less streak artifacts than those of LAVA Starnavi- The use of both stack-of-stars acquisition and navigator echo is the best solution to obtain HBP images without breath hold in terms of quality of images. |
| 1789 | Computer 12
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Interface Analysis of the Liver and Focal Hepatic Lesions in Hepatobiliary Phase Imaging: A Comparison between Free-breathing Radial and Conventional Breath-hold Acquisition Technique. |
1Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, 2Department of Radiology services, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan |
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The free-breathing radial k-space sampling technique is especially useful for patients with limited breath-holding capacity in liver MR imaging, however, its degradation of spatial resolution in the plane compared with the Cartesian sampling is the greatest disadvantage. We assessed the fat-suppressed three-dimensional T1-weighted fast field echo imaging with pseudo-golden-angle radial stack-of-stars sampling technique with gate and track (3D-VANE) compared with the conventional breath-hold Cartesian sampling (BH-eTHRIVE) in hepatobiliary phase imaging. Our results demonstrated that 3D-VANE with thinner effective slice thickness (thin-slice 3D-VANE) achieved comparable interface resolution, less artifact and better image quality compared with BH-eTHRIVE. |
| 1790 | Computer 13
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Deep Learning Infrastructure for Fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Annotation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
1Radiology, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Deep learning is an important tool that can help drive important new innovations in medicine, including in MRI tumor segmentation for HCC. Large annotated data sets will be needed for effective deep learning, however, current techniques are tedious and inefficient for annotating images on a large scale. We propose a streamlined infrastructure to optimize and standardize the process of anonymizing patient information, structuring the data, and annotating images efficiently. We show that our streamlined infrastructure increases the speed at which ground truth annotations can be generated. |
| 1791 | Computer 14
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging of hypervascular liver lesions: comparison of conventional breath-hold and a free-breathing acquisition technique with compressed sensing and motion-state-resolved reconstruction |
1magnetic resonance imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 3MR Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare, Ltd., Beijing, China, 4MR-Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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We investigated a prototype free-breathing Cartesian volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) protocol with compressed sensing (CS) and motion-state-resolved reconstruction as extra-dimension (XD-VIBE) for Gd-DTPA-enhanced dynamic liver imaging by comparing it with conventional breath-hold VIBE. We found that it provided good image quality and diagnostic performance for hypervascular liver lesion detection except for the pre-contrast phase. This is a promising option for patients with poor breath-holding capacity. |
| 1792 | Computer 15
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Motion-Robust and Blood-Suppressed M1-Optimized Diffusion MR Imaging of the Liver |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin Madison, madison, WI, United States, 3Laboratorio de Procesado de Imagen, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain |
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Liver DWI is complicated by multiple challenges, including the relatively short T2 of liver tissue and the motion sensitivity of diffusion encoding sequences. In this study, a novel approach for the design of diffusion weighting waveforms, termed M1-Optimized Diffusion Imaging (MODI), is proposed for motion-robust, blood-suppressed liver DWI. MODI includes an echo-time optimized motion-robust diffusion weighting gradient waveform design, with a moderate non-zero first-moment (M1≠0) value to enable blood signal suppression. This work describes the proposed MODI method, and evaluates its effectiveness in healthy volunteers as well as in patients. |
| 1793 | Computer 16
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The magnetic resonance elastography of liver for patients with Gaucher disease after enzyme replacement therapy |
1Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Gaucher disease (GD) is one of the most prevalent lysosomal storage disorders, which may lead to long term liver complications including fibrosis and cirrhosis. At present, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is widely used for GD in clinic.Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is the most accurate noninvasive technique for detection and staging of liver fibrosis.No significant difference was detected for GD patients after ERT in this study. It may indicate that enzyme replacement therapy is effective for most patients. |
| 1794 | Computer 17
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Patient free-breathing Quantitative T2 Mapping in the Pancreas |
1Radiology, Lausanne university hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Switzerland |
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In this study, we test the feasibility of free-breathing quantitative T2 measurement in the pancreas and we correlate T2-values with demographical and clinical parameters in 88 patients whom were subject to a liver MRI. We found that using a 10-fold accelerated multi-echo-spin-echo MRI prototype sequence at 3T, we were able to measure pancreatic T2-values in a short acquisition time, with low variability and a good inter-reader agreement. We found significant differences in T2-values depending on age, measurement location, main pancreatic duct dilatation and diffuse pancreatic disease. |
| 1795 | Computer 18
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Real World Experience Measurement of R2 vs R2 star in Hemoglobinopathies |
1Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Universitäts- Kinderspital Zürich – Eleonorenstiftung, Zurich, Switzerland, 3Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan, 4Pediatrics (Hematology/Oncology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 5Pediatrics & Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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This study is a real world experience comparing liver iron concentration (LIC) estimation by R2* vs R2 method in 107 patients with hemoglobinopathies on chronic transfusion therapy. It demonstrates a strong correlation of R2* with R2 and furthermore highlights the advantageous short scan time of R2* in the pediatric age group. |
| 1796 | Computer 19
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Relationship between Brown Adipose Tissue and Intrahepatic Triglyceride in Children with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease |
1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, 2Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, 4Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, Hong Kong |
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This study reported preliminary results for relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) and intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG) in young subjects and tested whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affected the association among liver fat accumulation and the activity and volume of BAT. Results showed that T2* in BAT was significantly lower in non-NAFLD group possibly due to higher blood flow and iron concentration which further implied the possibility of higher activation state of BAT in non-NAFLD. Correlation analysis also indicated NAFLD possibly changed the association between body weight and accumulation of IHTG as well as the volume and activity of BAT. |
| 1797 | Computer 20
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Pre-contrast T1 measurement in the liver and spleen for the non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension |
1Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 5Department of Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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The purpose of our prospective study was to assess the diagnostic value of liver and spleen T1 for diagnosis of portal hypertension based on hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients with chronic liver disease. We found that mean and median liver T1 were significantly elevated in patients with clinically significant portal hypertension versus those without clinically significant portal hypertension. We conclude that liver T1 is potentially sensitive to parenchymal changes associated with portal hypertension, to be confirmed in a larger number of patients. |
| 1798 | Computer 21
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Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI with clinical hepatospecific MRI contrast agents in pigs: initial experience |
1Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 2Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 3Institute of Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States |
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Pigs are a valuable translational biomedical tool for liver disease, and imaging can play an important role in early detection and disease characterization, but hepatic functional MRI has never been reported in pigs. Here we characterized baseline hepatic functional MRI in pigs, by performing DCE-MRI studies using two FDA-approved hepatospecific MRI contrast agents, and determined optimal animal protocols for acquiring robust data. Porcine liver has rapid accumulation of Gd-EOB-DTPA and Gd-BOPTA, following IV injection of equivalent human doses. Given the disparity in contrast agent uptake with humans for Gd-BOPTA, Gd-EOB-DTPA should be used in porcine models for biomedical imaging. |
| 1799 | Computer 22
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Quantitative 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy detects insulin-mediated reduction of hepatic ATP content in type 2 diabetic patients |
1Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany, 3Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany |
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Decreased insulin sensitivity precedes the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Hepatic energy metabolism is assumed to be impaired in T2DM with reduced insulin sensitivity. However, little is known about changes of ATP content in response to acutely elevated insulin. Therefore utilizing 31P MRS, we quantified ATP content before and after acute hyperinsulinemia. After a hyperinsulinemic clamp test, hepatic γ-ATP concentrations (ATP) were significantly reduced by 18% (p=0.008) in T2DM but not in controls. This study demonstrated that quantitative 31P MRS allows to monitor acute changes in hepatic ATP concentrations in vivo in various metabolic conditions. |
| 1800 | Computer 23
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High-b Abdominal FASE-DWI: Phantom and Clinical Studies |
1Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 2Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 3Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 4Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan |
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Abdominal FASE-DWI at high-b value was evaluated in phantom and clinical studies. Our results showed FASE-DWI can improve image quality and accuracy of ADC, and decrease image distortion. |
| 1801 | Computer 24
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Liver mDixon at 7T |
1University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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mDixon imaging can provide robust anatomical images at 7T. These images have also been used to provide preliminary initial measurements of fat fraction in the liver at 7T. |
| 1802 | Computer 25
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Comparison of Liver Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) Measurement Using Single-shot and Multi-shot Diffusion-weighted EPI |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong |
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Diffusion-weighted imaging has been shown useful in measuring liver apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) that can provide valuable information for clinical diagnosis. Single-shot diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (ssDW-EPI) is the preferred acquisition technique for ADC measurement on clinical MRI scanner. Recently, a multiplexed sensitivity encoding (MUSE) framework has been developed to reconstruct high-quality multi-shot DW-EPI (msDW-EPI) image in brain. In this study, we aim to evaluate the msDW-EPI technique on liver ADC measurement by quantitatively comparing measured ADC values obtained from either msDW-EPI or ssDW-EPI. |
| 1803 | Computer 26
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Using Radiomics Analysis derived from Multiple MR Series to Differentiate Adenocarcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma of Cervix |
1Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC), Shanghai, China, 2Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 3Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China |
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In this study, we investigated the feasibility of differentiating AC from SCC using radiomics features extracted from multiple MR series (T2TRA, T2SAG, ADC, CETRA and CESAG). The results indicated that radiomics features identified by careful feature selection and machine learning can have good performance for distinguishing AC from SCC. In particular, T2SAG sequences had the best ability, followed by ADC and T2TRA sequences, as demonstrated by both unsupervised clustering and supervised classification. In general, we conclude that ACs have greater textural heterogeneity than SCCs, which was revealed through radiomics. |
| 1804 | Computer 27
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Correlation study between parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging and different pathological differentiation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma |
1anhui provincal hospital, hefei, China |
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Correlation study between parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging and different pathological differentiation of cervical squamous cell carcinoma |
| 1805 | Computer 28
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Predictive value of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancers treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy |
1The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of IVIM and DKI to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACT) in locally advanced cervical cancer. We found that the ADC, D and f values of IVIM and the MK value of DKI were significantly changed before and after NACT. Therefore, these parameters are predictive in cervical cancer treated with NACT. |
| 1806 | Computer 29
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging in the assessment of complete regression to chemoradiation therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer |
1Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Graduate school of medical science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan, 3Research center, Philips Healthcare, HongKong, China |
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Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) followed by surgery has been established as the standard for locally advanced rectal cancer1. The treatment response after CRT is normally evaluated by MRI. However, MRI morphology techniques suffer from limitations in the interpretation of fibrotic scar tissue and inflammation. Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) is an emerging technique, which could reflect restricted water diffusion within the complex microstructure of most tissues based on non-Gaussian diffusion model2. There is limited research reported about the clinical application of DKI in rectal cancer, and the value of DKI in monitoring rectal cancer treatment was still mysterious. |
| 1807 | Computer 30
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging parameters for characterizing rectal cancer with different KRAS status |
1Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Graduate school of medical science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan |
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DCE-MRI can noninvasively reveal the presence and the permeability of micro-capillaries by the kinetic analysis of the contrast concentration1. It has been used in the studies for diagnosis, characterization of predictive prognostic factors, monitoring of treatment response, and evaluation of the efficacy of novel treatment developments2-3. KRAS mutation has been well known as predictive markers of resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted antibodies, may be useful as molecular markers for the clinical prognosis of CRCs4. However, There a are few data about whether the DCE-MRI parameters would behave different characteristics in rectal cancers with different KRAS status. |
| 1808 | Computer 31
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Locally advanced rectal cancer: IVIM derived parameters for assessment of complete regression during mid-term of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy |
1Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Graduate school of medical science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan, 3Radiology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Beijing, China |
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been widely applied in treating locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) for effectively decreasing the local recurrence after total mesorectal excision(TME). The imaging technique of intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) model could estimate tissue perfusion and diffusion components individually using multi-b-values1-3. Here, we try to investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) derived parameters in predicting pathological complete regression ( |
| 1809 | Computer 32
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Assessment of the Prognostic Factors for Rectal Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: Utilizing Whole-Tumor Histogram Analysis of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging |
1Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, 2MR Applications Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China, 3MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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We assess the prognostic factors for rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation utilizing whole-tumor histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaging. Our study demonstrated that whole-tumor histogram analysis of diffusion kurtosis imaginghas potential to be a predictor for DFS and provide evidence for individualized follow-up and treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer patients. |
| 1810 | Computer 33
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Whole-Tumor Histogram Analysis of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging as A Predictive Biomarker of Tumor Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation |
1Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, 2MR Application Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China, 3MR Collaboration NE Asia, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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We investigate the potential of thewhole-tumor histogram of conventional DWI and DKI derived parameters to predict the tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Our study demonstrated that whole-tumor histogram analysis of DKI derived parameter maps has potential value to predict tumor response. |
| 1811 | Computer 34
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The role of high-resolution apparent diffusion coefficient histogram analysis in evaluating tumor response of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemeradiotherapy |
1West China Hospital, Chengdu, China |
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This study analyzed both pre- and post-chemoradiotherapy ADC map of rectal cancer to evaluate tumor regression by using histogram metrics. The ADC map was generated from high-resolution DWI using read-out segmented echo-plannar imaging sequence, with less distortion and susceptibility artifact. Our study did not find any added value of histogram metrics of ADC map in assessing tumor response, and post-treatment mean ADC value alone may be enough in clinical. |
| 1812 | Computer 35
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Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: The Value of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging in Assessing Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy |
1West China Hospital, Chengdu, China |
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This study combined IVIM and DKI sequences in assessing tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer. Although both IVIM and DKI model derived parameters in our study could help to identify complete responders, ADC value was found to outperform both IVIM and DKI paramters in selecting complete responders. |
| 1813 | Computer 36
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Value of DCE-MRI and texture analysis in preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of DaLian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Rectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world.DCE-MRI is better at diagnosis and evaluation of rectal cancer.Texture analysis is a non-invasive analysis method based on image pixel level. It can reflect the heterogeneity of tumors by quantifying the distribution of pixels and the relationship between pixels. |
| 1814 | Computer 37
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A radiomics approach to assess tumor-stromal ratio and predict treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: a preliminary study |
1Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, 2Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China |
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This study concentrated on the correlation between radiomics parameters and the tumor-stromal ratio. We identified several radiomics parameters that may reflect the content of tumor-stroma. After constructed a radiomics signature based on the tumor-stromal ratio and furtherly applied the signature into the LARC patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, we found that the TSR-conducted radiomics signature was significantly correlated with pCR and non-pCR. The radiomics signature may serve as a non-invasive imaging biomarker for pretreatment prediction of treatment response. |
| 1815 | Computer 38
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Rectal cancer: preoperative prediction of perineural invasion by machine learning modeling of multiregional radiomics features from multiparametric MRI |
1Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, changchun 130021, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Defined by tumor invasion of nervous structures and nerve sheaths, the presence of perineural invasion (PNI) is thought to indicate an increased risk for progressive disease in rectal cancers. Here, we developed and validated a radiomics model for individualized prediction of PNI in rectal cancer based on pre-procedure MRI. The Ridge Classifier is found to have the best prediction accuracy score (80.8%), its specificity, sensitivity and F1 score are 90.5%, 60.4%, and 67.0%, respectively. So, the radiomics features from MRI of rectal cancer is a useful tool for predicting PNI preoperatively and has marked discrimination accuracy. |
| 1816 | Computer 39
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Quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters derived from whole-tumor volume for predicting and assessing pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer |
1Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Radiology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Research center, Philips Healthcare, HongKong, China |
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Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been widely applied in treating locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) for effectively decreasing the local recurrence after total mesorectal excision(TME)1. Some of |
| 1817 | Computer 40
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Multiregional radiomics features from multiparametric MRI for prediction of lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer |
1Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, changchun 130021, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is thought to indicates an increased risk for progressive disease in rectal cancers according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines. Here, we developed and validated a radiomics model for prediction of LVI in rectal cancer based on pre-treatment MRI. The Ridge Classifier have the best prediction accuracy score( 73.3%), its specificity, sensitivity and F1 score are 83.9%, 59.4 % and 65.1 %, respectively. So, the radiomics features from MRI of rectal cancer is a useful tool for predicting LVI preoperatively and has marked discrimination accuracy. |
| 1818 | Computer 41
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MRI-detected extramural vascular invasion is a strong risk factor in predicting synchronous distant metastasis in rectal cancer |
1Department of Radiology, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China |
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MRI detected extramural vascular invasion (mrEMVI) is potential imaging predictive biomarker for selecting optimum treatment method and is closely correlated with poor prognosis. Several studies have been done to understand the correlation between EMVI and metastasis, but not synchronous metastasis to be specific. We aimed to analyze the correlation between clinical factors including mrEMVI with synchronous metastasis. Moreover, we analyzed the correlation between grades of mrEMVI and synchronous metastasis. |
| 1819 | Computer 42
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DKI and DCE-MRI in Identifying the Malignancy of Lymph Node during the Primary Staging of Rectal Cancer: MRI with Node-for-Node Matched Histopathology validation |
1Department of Radiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, 4Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China |
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We investigated the potential of Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) and Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) to accurately detect lymph node (LN) metastases in rectal cancer. Our study showed that DKI and DCE-MRI may be useful to differentiate the TD and metastatic LN from benign LN. |
| 1820 | Computer 43
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Correlation of MR based textural analysis parameters with MR tumor regression score and its potential role in predicting response to long course chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers [LARC]. |
1Sir.H.N.Reliance Foundation Hospital & Research Center, Mumbai, India, 2Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancers (cT3/4, cN1/2) with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy leads to a reduction in tumor size and enhances the likelihood of tumor resectability and sphincter preservation with low local recurrence rates. In this study we attempted to correlate first order MR textural parameters with the MR tumor regression [TRG] score determined on the post-treatment MRI and to also predict response to long course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancers. We retrospectively included 20 patients with pathologically proven rectal carcinoma who underwent long course chemoradiotherapy [LCCRT] following a pre-treatment MRI. All 20 patients had a post-treatment MRI after a 6-week interval at which MR tumor regression [TRG] scores were determined based on the T2-w and DW-ADC maps. TRG was represented as MR_TRG [TRG 1,2 - Complete Response [CR] = 7; TRG 3 - Partial Response [PR] = 11; TRG 4,5 - Minimal / No response [NR] = 2). Texture analysis was carried out on axial T2-w and ADC images by delineating a 2-D region of interest around the tumour. The results showed that First order MRTA features derived from the post-treatment MR T2-w and ADC images can help differentiate between responders [TRG 1 and 2] and non-responders [TRG 3, 4 and 5] in patients with locally advanced rectal cancers who underwent long course chemoradiotherapy. |
| 1821 | Computer 44
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MR based textural analysis parameters as potential imaging biomarkers to differentiate between the mucinous and non-mucinous variants of rectal cancers. |
1Sir.H.N.Reliance Foundation Hospital & Research Center, Mumbai, India, 2Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Mucinous adenocarcinoma [MAC] is a histological subtype of colorectal cancer with a poor response to long course chemoradiotherapy [LCCRT] and an overall poor oncologic outcome. In this study, we explored the utility of pre-treatment MR texture analysis as a potential imaging biomarker to differentiate mucinous and non-mucinous variants of rectal cancer. We retrospectively evaluated 39 patients with pathologically proven rectal carcinoma on T2-w images and ADC maps. First order MRTA features including the mean and mpp derived from T2-w images at moderate and coarse texture showed statistically significant difference between mucinous and non-mucinous variants of rectal cancers. The results demonstrate that first order MRTA may help differentiate between mucinous and non-mucinous rectal cancer subtypes and select patients for individualized therapy and also potentially aid in accurate prediction of response to LCCRT. |
| 1822 | Computer 45
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Preoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in rectal cancer by multiregional radiomics features from multiparametric MRI |
1Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, changchun 130021, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Preoperative accurate assessment of lymph node (LN) status in rectal cancer is essential for precise individualized decision-making. Nevertheless, preoperative LN staging in rectal cancer remains a challenge for the radiologist. Therefore, we develop and validate a radiomics prediction model based on MRI for the preoperative individualized prediction of LN metastasis. The Ridge Classifier is found to give the best prediction accuracy score(73.9%).The mean specificity, sensitivity and F1 score are 84.6%, 60% and 66.4 % , respectively. So, radiomics features from MRI of rectal cancer is a useful tool for predicting LN metastasis preoperatively and has marked discrimination accuracy. |
| 1823 | Computer 46
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Diffusion-Weighted Imaging for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Endometrial Cancer: Added Values of Computer-Aided Segmentation and Radiomic Machine Learning |
1Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, 2Clinical Trial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan |
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We aim to investigate added values of computer-aided segmentation and radiomic machine learning based on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for predicting nodal metastasis in endometrial cancer. Decision-tree machine learning comprised the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), whole tumor volumetric and lymph nodes (LNs) segmentations, MR morphological measurement, and relevant clinical parameters. We concluded that a combination of clinical and MR radiomics generates a prediction model for LNmetastasis in endometrial cancer, with diagnostic performance surpassing the conventional ADC and size criteria. |
| 1824 | Computer 47
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Using kinetic parameters from DCE-MRI to differentiate endometrial adenocarcinoma from adenocarcinoma of cervix |
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China, 3Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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This study attempted to use parameters derived from DCE-MRI to quatitatively investigate the perfusion difference between adenocarcinoma of endometrium and cervix. It was concluded that values of kinetic parameters were lower in uterine endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) and adenocarcinoma of cervix (AdC). When encountered uterine adenocarcinoma with uncertain biopsy pathology and a confusing morphology of MRI, DCE-MRI would be a reliable supplementary method to improve diagnostic confidence. |
| 1825 | Computer 48
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Comparative Study of DCE-MRI Pharmaceutical Kinetic Models and MVD for Characterizing Endometrial Carcinoma Microcirculation |
1West China Second University Hosptial, Chengdu, China |
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Using five models of DCE MRI and histomorphological marker in assessing 69 cases tumour microcirculation in endometrial carcinoma and predict imaging markers of depth of myometrial invasion and assessment surgical methods.The permeability and blood flow in tumor was significantly lower,which may be related to the hypoxic environment. And the plasma and extravascular extracellular space volume in tumor are both lower, which is considered to be due to the increased tumor parenchymal cells.ATH model derived Veattained highest value,which is closest to the MVD, may provide an imaging marker for predicting depth of myometrial invasion and assessment surgical methods. |
| 1826 | Computer 49
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Preoperative Differentiation of Uterine Sarcoma from Leiomyoma: Comparison of Three Models Based on Different Segmentation Volumes Using Radiomics |
1Department of Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, BEIJING, China, 2Peking University First Hospital, BEIJING, China |
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This study aimed to explore that if the segmentation of different volume of interests (VOIs) may influence the diagnostic performance of radiomic model. We included 78 patients with pathologically confirmed uterine sarcomas or atypical leiomyomas. 3 different VOIs were manually drawn on images of ADC maps. Radiomic models were built based on three feature set. Features extracted from VOI covered the whole uterus had the best diagnostic performance than VOI covered the lesion or lesion and some surrounded tissue. It suggested VOI covered the whole uterus added relevant information for distinguishing uterine sarcoma from atypical leiomyoma. |
| 1827 | Computer 50
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Comparative Analysis of the Value of Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging and Diffusion-weighted Imaging in Evaluating the Histological Features of Endometrial Cancer |
1Department of MR, the First Affiliated Hospital，Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China, 2Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital，Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China, 3MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can quantify the diffusion state of non-Gaussian water molecules in tissues, thus correcting the offset of the diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) model and improving the detection of lesions compared with DWI.At present, there is only a few comparative studies of DWI and DKI in endometrial cancer(EC).Our results show that compared with DWI, the DKI model is a more complete mathematical model with more sensitive parameters, which can more effectively evaluate the pathological and physiological characteristics of EC. |
| 1828 | Computer 51
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A U-Net applied to diffusion-weighted images compared to full multiparametric clinical PI-RADS assessment for detection and segmentation of significant prostate cancer |
1Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 2Medical Informatics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany, 3Urology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany |
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A U-Net applied to diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) only was trained with 3T MRI data from a single system in 316 consecutive patients. All clinical MR lesions were targeted with fusion biopsy in addition to extended 24-core systematic biopsy. The performance of the final CNN ensemble on the test set achieved comparable sensitivity in comparison to multiparametric clinical assessment and demonstrated the method’s ability to generate stable results in an unseen subset. These findings highlight the ability of computer vision to closely model the clinical task with fewer data and encourage development of the method in larger cohorts. |
| 1829 | Computer 52
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Visualization of gold fiducial markers in the prostate using phase-cycled bSSFP MRI for MR-only radiotherapy |
1Center for Image Sciences, Imaging Division, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Department of Radiotherapy, Imaging Devision, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Existing MR techniques for the visualization of fiducial markers (FMs) in the prostate are usually based on spoiled-gradient-echo imaging. FMs appear as signal voids in magnitude images. It is therefore difficult to distinguish them from hemorrhages and calcifications. FMs detection is crucial for MR-only radiotherapy, where CT images are not available. Automatic FMs detection methods are available, but require special software which is not available at the MR console. With this work, we propose a new method for distinctive FMs visualization in the prostate for MR-only radiotherapy which facilitates FMs detection directly at the MR console without using any additional post-processing or software. |
| 1830 | Computer 53
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Improving prostate cancer detection in mp-MRI via CNN using the joint loss |
1Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Computer Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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We proposed an improved CNN using joint loss to fully utilize multi-parametric imaging for the automated prostate cancer detection in mp-MRI. 397 pre-operative mp-MRI exams were collected in our medical center, and lesion ROIs were retrospectively annotated with whole-mount histopathology confirmations. The improved CNN achieved 75.1% detection sensitivity at 1 false positive per patient and had an AUC 0.901 in the ROC analysis. |
| 1831 | Computer 54
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Gland and Zonal Segmentation of Prostate using Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India |
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Accurate segmentation of the prostate gland and its zones is a challenging task due to the high variability of prostatic anatomic structures. Gland and zonal segmentation of prostate is a useful tool for computer-aided diagnosis of prostate cancer because characteristics of cancer in prostate zones differ significantly. In this study, we used an active contour model for prostate gland segmentation and atlas-based approach for prostate zonal segmentation in diffusion-weighted MR imaging. We have assessed the performance of segmentation methods using different similarity parameters. The proposed methods are highly robust and show relatively good performance compared to previously reported work. |
| 1832 | Computer 55
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Automated Detection and PIRADS v2 Scoring of Prostate Cancer using Multiparametric MRI |
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India, 2Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Delhi, New Delhi, India |
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Accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) remains challenging due to high sensitivity of biopsy and low specificity of the screening test. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is an effective imaging tool for the diagnosis of PCa by providing morphological and functional information about the prostate. In this study, we propose an image-processing framework for the assessment of PCa based on mpMRI data comprised of images from T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted. It shows the relatively better performance of PCa assessment when we compare our results against radiologist assessment and histopathological score. |
| 1833 | Computer 56
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MRI-Derived Patient Specific Molds for Cancer Lesion Analysis in the Prostate |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Urology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and emerging Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/MRI, can be used to detect and locate prostate cancer. The accuracy of this method can be validated by comparing post-prostatectomy histopathology information to MRI and PET image data with the help of a custom prostate-sectioning device. This study is aimed at addressing sectioning device limitations proposed by previous studies and at developing a three-dimensional (3D) comparison method for MRI data and post-prostatectomy prostate geometries. |
| 1834 | Computer 57
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Comparison of detection rate of prostate cancer between mpMRI guided in-bore biopsy and routine TRUS biopsy |
1Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Radio-diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radio-diagnosis, IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 5Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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The present study demonstrated the role of mpMRI guided in-bore biopsy for detection of prostate cancer (PCa). Patients were recruited based on PSA > 4 ng/ml and abnormal DRE. The PCa detection rate between the two groups of patients, namely 25 patients (Group I) who underwent in-bore biopsy and 73 patients (Group II) who underwent TRUS biopsy were compared. The PCa detection rate of in-bore targeted biopsy was 52% compared to 34.3% for TRUS biopsy. Our data also indicated that in-bore MR targeted biopsy significantly increased the detection rate of PCa when compared with the standard 12 core TRUS biopsy. |
| 1835 | Computer 58
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Integrating Computer-aided Diagnosis as Concurrent Reader into Prostate Multiparametric MRI Diagnostic Process - Reader Performance Study |
1Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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Many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems based on prostate multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) have been developed with good stand-alone diagnostic efficacy. Before its widely use in daily clinical work, further study still should be done for CAD reading paradigm and the interaction between CAD and radiologists. In this article, we integrated CAD as concurrent reader into prostate mpMRI diagnostic process in real clinical practice to determine effect on radiologist performance. The results showed that concurrent CAD reading could improve radiologist sensitivity and reduce the reading time. |
| 1836 | Computer 59
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Interobserver Agreement and Accuracy of Six Scoring Systems（Likert, PI-RADS V1, PI-RADS V2, MLS, SQS, UCSF）for Prostate Lesions by Using Mp-MR imaging |
1The department of MRI, Shaanxi People’s Hospital, xi'an, China, 2MRI, Shaanxi People’s Hospital, xi'an, China |
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Some institutions have used other prostate scoring systems except for PI-RADS. The purpose of this study was to determine for expert and novice radiologists the agreement and accuracy of six scoring systems for categorization of prostate lesions seen at mp-MRI. 129 lesions were scored for four readers. Experts and novices had fair to moderate agreement for most scores (k: 0.2176~ 0.4533). Novices were less consistent and less likely to diagnose prostate cancer than were experts. The Likert and PI-RADS V1 scores allowed significantly more accurate categorization of prostate lesions than others. |
| 1837 | Computer 60
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T1 Imaging of Transition Zone Prostate Cancer: Why Quantitative Maps But Not T1 Weighted Images Are Helpful |
1Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Diagnostic, Pediatric and Interventional Radiology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland, 3Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 4Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 5Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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It has been shown that quantitative T1 relaxation times measured on T1 maps may help differentiate transition zone (TZ) cancer from normal transition zone (NTZ). However, T1 weighted images are not utilized for non-contrast detection of prostate cancer. In this study, we explored scientific reasons why T1w images have not been found to be of utility for this purpose. Fat suppressed T1w 3D gradient echo (VIBE) sequence acquisition settings were adjusted based on simulated acquisition parameters and our measured differences between cancer and NTZ, to try to maximize differences in calculated signal between tumor lesions and NTZ. The resulting contrast remains too subtle to utilize for detection; though quantitative differences are readily measureable. |
| 1838 | Computer 61
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Advanced diffusion-weighted imaging with multiple parameters in differential diagnosis of prostate transitional zone carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia |
1Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji, China, 2GE Healthcare China, Beijing, China |
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Conventional MRI sequences and DWI sequences are difficult to identify prostate transitional cell carcinoma and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In this study, traditional DWI sequences, intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI), stretch index DWI sequences and DKI sequences were used to compare the accuracy of these sequence parameters in the differential diagnosis of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The results showed that ADC-slow, DDC, Md, Da, Dr, MK, Ka and Kr were helpful in differentiating prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia, and MK value had the highest accuracy in differentiating prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. |
| 1839 | Computer 62
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Detection of prostate cancer in the peripheral zone using machine learning and multiparametic MRI |
1The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 2Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia, 3Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI), Newcastle, Australia |
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The aim of this study is to provide a non-invasive voxel based malignant lesion detection tool and probability map for the peripheral zone (PZ) using multi parametric magnetic resonance imaging incorporating DTI as well as standard sequences. A combination of radiomics features extracted from MRI and DTI and supervised machine learning was to develop a tool for cancer detection. Our results demonstrated DTI, when used within the framework of supervised classification, can play a role in the prostate cancer detection. In addition, the posterior probability provide useful information about tumor heterogeneity and may offer better detection of PZ prostate cancer. |
| 1840 | Computer 63
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The Diagnostic Evaluation of PI-RADS V2 based on Simplified Biparametric MRI for Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, suzhou, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, SHANG HAI, China |
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This study compare the performance of the PI-RADS scores obtained by using biparameter MRI (T2W and diffusion) and multi-parameter MRI (T1W, T2W, diffusion and DCE) for clinically significant PCa, respectively. The results show that the PI-RADS score acquired from biparameter MRI is comparable with that from the traditional multi-parameter MRI. |
| 1841 | Computer 64
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The Diagnostic Value of PI-RADS V2 Scoring System Combining with MRI-TRUS Fusion Targeted Biopsy for Detecting the Clinical Significant Prostate Cancer |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, SUZHOU, China, 2MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, SHANG HAI, China |
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Transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic (TRUS) biopsy is commonly used in clinical practice to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa)[1-3]. In this study, a more advanced biopsy, MRI-TRUS fusion targeted biopsy, is used together with MRI-derived PI-RADS V2 scoring system for the diagnosis of clinical significant PCa. The values of the two biopsy methods are compared. |
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Computer 65
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Development and external validation of IMPROD biparametric MRI-based nomogram for the prediction of prostate biopsy outcome in men with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (IMPROD and MULTI-IMPROD trials, #opensourcetrial) |
1University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 2Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, 4Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland, 5Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, 6Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland, 7University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland |
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Nomograms for prediction of prostate biopsy outcomes incorporating qualitative and quantitative findings of IMPROD biparametric MRI (IMPROD bpMRI consists of T2 weighted imaging and three separate DWI acquisitions) were developed using data of 161 men enrolled as a part of the single-institutional IMPROD (NCT01864135) trial and externally validated in 338 men enrolled as a part of the multi-institutional MULTI-IMPROD(NCT02241122) trial. A nomogram using IMPROD bpMRI findings had area under the curve values (95% confidence interval) of 0.92 (0.88-0.96), and 0.88 (0.84-0.92) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively, for the detection of prostate cancer with Gleason score 3+4 or higher. |
| 1843 | Computer 66
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Prostate cancer detection in men with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer using IMPROD biparametric MRI and expression of 11 genes (IMPROD trial, #opensourcetrial): evaluation using machine learning methods |
1University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 2Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, 3Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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Eighty men with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer (PCa) were enrolled as a part of IMRPOD trial (NCT01864135). The performance of 9 clinical parameters, 11 mRNA transcript levels and 4 IMPROD biparametric MRI (bpMRI) parameters for detection of PCa with Gleason score ≥3+4 was evaluated using GreedyRLS feature selection and nested cross-validation with area under the curve obtained from tournament leave-pair-out cross validation. IMPROD bpMRI reported using qualitative IMPROD Likert scoring system demonstrated high accuracy for PCa detection and none of the remaining parameters led to further improvement. All data are freely are available at the following address: http://petiv.utu.fi/improd |
| 1844 | Computer 67
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Accuracy of IMPROD biparametric pre-biopsy MRI for prostate cancer detection in correlation with whole mount prostatectomy sections: implications for focal therapy (IMPROD trial, #opensourcetrial) |
1University of Turku, Turku, Finland, 2Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, 3Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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In this prospective single institutional trial(NCT01864135), we evaluated the accuracy of a unique prostate MRI acquisition and reporting protocol, IMPROD biparametric MRI, in men with a clinical suspicion of prostate cancer who were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer and underwent prostatectomy. IMPROD biparametric MRI correctly detected 75% (75/99) of prostate cancer lesions with diameter ≥5 mm or any Gleason grade 4, and only two of the missed prostate cancer lesions had Gleason score >3+4. However, only a limited accuracy on isotropic voxel level was achieved potentially limiting focal therapy planning. All data are freely are available at the following address: http://petiv.utu.fi/improd |
| 1845 | Computer 68
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The apical surgical margin status prediction of prostate cancer based on radiomics analysis derived from T2-weighted imaging: Clinical implementation |
1Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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This retrospective study aims to validate a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system based on radiomics analysis in predicting the apical surgical margin (SM) status before radical prostatectomy (RP). 81 patients who received preoperative prostate T2-weighted MR imaging were evaluated by the CAD system and experienced radiologists, according to the sign of extracapsular extension (ESE), using pathological findings as a reference standard. The resulting algorithm was then validated from another external dataset of 38 patients in the same way. The results demonstrated this CAD system performed well and might help radiologist and surgeons make appropriate decisions concerning RP surgical approaches. |
| 1846 | Computer 69
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mpMRI-based Tumor Probability Maps for Guidance of Targeted Prostate Biopsies |
1Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 3Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway, 4Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States, 5Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States |
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Despite the improvement offered by the integration of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in biopsy acquisition for prostate cancer diagnosis, the number of negative biopsies remains high with increasing risk of post-biopsy infection and complications. We evaluated the utility of machine learning-based tumor probability maps computed from pre-biopsy mpMR images for predicting and visualizing potential biopsy targets representing clinically significant cancer foci. The median [range] AUC, sensitivity and specificity of the classifier were 0.87 [0.82–0.92], 0.77 [0.71-0.83] and 0.82 [0.76-0.86], respectively. This approach has a potential to reduce the number of biopsy cores, and thus the risk of post-biopsy infection/complications. |
| 1847 | Computer 70
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Pelvic MRI with Segmentation and 3D Anatomical Renderings Provide a Novel Method for Quantifying Clinically Relevant Parameters of the Lower Urinary Tract |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 3Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States |
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Prior imaging studies with ultrasound and CT have shown that bladder wall thickness (BWT), detrusor muscle volume (DMV) and prostate volume (PV) increase with age. We found a significant increase in DMV, BWT and PV when comparing males aged 30-39 to 60-69. There was no significant increase in BWT in females from the third to the sixth decade. While DMV increased significantly for women, the percent increase in muscle volume was substantially higher for men, likely the result of prostate hypertrophy. This is the first study, to our knowledge, to correlate physiologic changes of the urinary system in men and women using MRI. |
| 1848 | Computer 71
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Probing Structure of Normal and Malignant Prostate Tissue before and after Radiation Therapy with Luminal Water Fraction and Diffusion-Weighted MRI |
1Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom, 2MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom |
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Luminal Water Fraction (LWF) is higher in peripheral than transitional zone of the untreated prostate; in comparison, it is significantly reduced in tumors. LWF is correlated with ADC in untreated non-malignant prostate. LWF is not correlated with ADC in tumors or in post irradiated prostate indicating that the morphological factors affecting LWF and ADC in these tissues are independent. |
| 1849 | Computer 72
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Towards a clinic-radiologic-biopsy based predictive model for the detection of pelvic lymph node invasion in patients with prostate cancer before surgery |
1radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, nan jing, China |
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Pelvic lymph node invasion in patients with prostate cancer is associated with different treatment selection and planning while there is no clear consensus on nomograms that can be clinically available for prediction of lymph node invasion. Our predictive model, based on preoperative clinical characteristics, MR image features and biopsy findings of 248 consecutive patients, was trained with a support vector machine and compared to a logistic regression analysis, allowing for improved differentiation in assessing the risk of lymph node invasion. Use of this machine-learning-based predictive tool potentially connect to better selection of optimal type of treatment and long-term excellent prognosis. |
| 1850 | Computer 73
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Prostate cancers invisible on multi-parametric MRI: Pathologic feature in correlation with whole mount prostatectomy |
1Department Of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Department Of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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This study investigates why some prostate cancers are not identified on mpMRI using ground truth reference from whole mount prostatectomy specimens. Unidentified cancers tend to exhibit lower Gleason grade and pathologic stage, smaller size, lower density of glands compared to surrounding tissue (sparse cancer lesions) and have different tissue composition, specifically higher lumen (associated with high ADC and T2) and lower epithelium (associated with low ADC and T2) compared to cancer lesions identified on MRI. |
| 1851 | Computer 74
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MRI of the prostate using a two-channel phased-array endorectal receive coil compared to phased array coil acquisition |
1Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 3InVivo Corporation, Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL, United States, 4Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States |
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In this study, 3T MRI of the prostate using a two-channel solid phased-array endorectal receive coil (ERC) (Sentinelle, InVivo Corporation, Philips Healthcare) combined with phased array coil (PAC) was compared to PAC only for image quality and lesion conspicuity on T2WI and DWI. Improved image quality was found for T2WI and high b-value DWI and improved lesion contrast using ERC-PAC, while there was no difference in lesion conspicuity. These preliminary results show that the use of ERC-PAC improves prostate MRI image quality, without necessarily impacting lesion detection. |
| 1852 | Computer 75
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Initial evaluation of an automated acquisition workflow for multiparametric MR (spectroscopic) imaging of the prostate |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 4St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway |
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Standardization of imaging and automated adjustment of MR parameters could homogenize and expedite multiparametric MRI of the prostate. If automated and robust, spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) could be a part of this protocol. In this dual-centre study, an automated workflow was validated by patient measurements at 3T MR systems and the robustness of the spectroscopic imaging approach was evaluated. Automation of the acquisition protocol of multiparametric MR imaging of the prostate needed only minor manual adjustments. On average, 84% of the MRSI voxels within the prostate passed our quality control, illustrating the current robustness of the automated semi-LASER MRSI technique. |
| 1853 | Computer 76
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A meta-analysis comparing the diagnostic performance of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI), Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), and Intra-voxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) in breast cancer |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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The performance of parameters from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign breast lesions were compared through a meta-analysis. 73 eligible studies were included and pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve were obtained for each of the model parameters. The highest performing parameters for DTI and IVIM were the prime diffusion coefficient (λ1) and the tissue diffusivity (D), respectively. DWI, DTI and IVIM are diagnostically comparable, though there is a lack of standardisation in methodology for each technique. |
| 1854 | Computer 77
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One millimeter isotropic breast DWI combining readout-segmented EPI, super-resolution and simultaneous multi-slice acceleration: validation in a diffusion/resolution phantom and volunteers. |
1IADI, INSERM U1254 and Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, 2Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie INSERM / Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, PARCC UMR 970, Faculté de médecine, Paris, France, 3CIC-IT 1433, INSERM, CHRU de Nancy and Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France |
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The low resolution of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is the main limiting factor in screening breast MRI. Recently a method was proposed for one millimeter isotropic DWI covering the entire breasts. Based on a readout-segmented DW-EPI sequence, 3 stacks of thick slices (3 mm) are acquired with 1mm-shifts in the slice direction; then a 1x1x1 mm3 dataset is obtained using a super-resolution reconstruction (SRR). In this study we further validate the method using a commercial diffusion breast phantom, in terms of SNR, resolution and ADC values. Additionally, SMS acceleration is investigated to reduce the total scan time below 10 min. |
| 1855 | Computer 78
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A comparison of visual, automated and semi-manual approaches in assessing background parenchymal enhancement as a biomarker for response to neoadjuvant therapy |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
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We have examined different approaches to segmenting the fibroglandular tissue in breast MRI when calculating quantitative background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) as a potential predictor of response to neoadjuvant treatment (pCR). Our results suggest that quantitative approaches to measure BPE might be preferable to visual BI-RADS as a biomarker of response. Change in quantitative BPE with treatment was associated with pCR; but pre-treatment BPE was not. Further research may be directed towards handling wrongful inclusion of non-parenchymal voxels. |
| 1856 | Computer 79
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Change in breast cancer functional tumor volume and contralateral background parenchymal enhancement is associated with pathological complete response to neoadjuvant therapy |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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For women with locally advanced breast cancer, we have examined the change in quantitative measures of MRI tumor volume and background parenchymal enhancement between pre-treatment and after 12 weeks of treatment. In a multivariate model, we found that a larger decrease in MRI tumor volume or in quantitative BPE was associated with higher probability of pathological complete response. |
| 1857 | Computer 80
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Breast DCE-MRI using Radial Acquisition with Data-Driven Model Consistency Condition Reconstruction |
1Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, United States, 5MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States |
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Advanced data acquisition and reconstruction methods have been proposed to improve temporal and spatial resolution DCE imaging for breast. However, few studies have validated these techniques. In this work we propose a radial acquisition with MOCCO reconstruction and assess performance of these methods using a simulated digital reference object breast phantom including pharmacokinetic simulation. An improvement to the MOCCO formulation is proposed using independent component analysis to learn the temporal components. Finally, the extended Tofts model was used to extract pharmacokinetic parameters from time series with different temporal resolution. Dynamic data were then use for pharmacokinetic (PK) fitting to assess the ability to recover PK parameters. |
| 1858 | Computer 81
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Diffusion-Weighted MRI for Non-Contrast Breast Screening: Lesion Conspicuity on Computed vs. Acquired High b-Value Images |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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On breast DWI, the relative signal intensity of a lesion can be increased by exploiting the differences in signal decay between tumor and normal tissue at higher b values. Computing high b-value images rather than acquiring them directly can increase lesion conspicuity and decrease scan times, improving the potential utility of breast DWI for non-contrast screening. In women with invasive breast cancer, we investigated the differences in lesion conspicuity across b-values and between acquired and computed diffusion weighted images. Our findings showed maximal lesion conspicuity at higher b-values (1200-1500s/mm2), with acquired images generally providing higher conspicuity than computed images. |
| 1859 | Computer 82
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Multiband SENSE accelerated diffusion weighted imaging with CAIPIRINHA: Preliminary study of clinical utility in the breast |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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Advanced DWI techniques necessitate acquisition of a large number of image slices such as to obtain a greater number of b values for IVIM or more gradient directions for DTI. These increase the acquisition time, making it difficult to incorporate advanced techniques within the clinical workflow. The purpose of this study was to examine the utility of MB-SENSE acceleration for reducing scan times of breast DWI. Our qualitative and quantitative assessments showed MB-SENSE could dramatically reduce scan time without reducing image quality and accuracy of lesion ADC measures in breast DWI. |
| 1860 | Computer 83
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Changes in breast tumor blood flow measured by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI after one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy |
1University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 2Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom |
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Early assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in breast cancer is important and it has been suggested that functional changes, such as tumor blood flow (TBF), may precede size changes. We measured TBF using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI in 40 patients before and after one cycle of NACT and compared these measures to pathological response. There was no correlation between change in TBF and pathological response in the full sample. However, several tumors shrank after one cycle of NACT; if these were removed then change in TBF in tumors that didn’t shrink correlated well with pathological response |
| 1861 | Computer 84
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Effect of DWI sequence on geometric measurement errors in a breast phantom |
1University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, United States, 3University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Previously, when using the UCSF/NIST breast phantom, we discovered an x-direction distortion in DW-EPI and the resulting ADC maps that was dependent on spatial location within the scanner and was also present in patient images. The distortion was unaffected by switching the phase encode direction and did not change with increasing b-value, and thus was most likely not due to gradient nonlinearity nor eddy currents. Here, we demonstrate that the distortions decrease when using multi-shot EPI, which is less sensitive to off-resonance distortion, and change direction when reversing the gradient polarity. |
| 1862 | Computer 85
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Bias Correction for Improved Segmentation and Background Parenchymal Enhancement Calculation in Multi-Center Breast MRI Trials |
1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden |
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The presence of bias field inhomogeneity can negatively impact segmentation of breast fibroglandular tissue on MRI and subsequent quantification of background parenchymal enhancement. This can be particularly problematic in multi-center trials utilizing multiple imaging platforms. We have implemented the N4ITK algorithm for bias correction and evaluated the agreement between semi-automatic and semi-manual segmentation methods. Our results show that bias correction produces tissue segmentations and BPE estimates with better agreement with a reference manual segmentation method than non-corrected images. |
| 1863 | Computer 86
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Apparent Exchange Rate Mapping with Diffusion MRI: A Novel Marker For In Vivo Breast Cancer Characterization |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Random Walk Imaging, Lund, Sweden |
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Filter exchange MR imaging (FEXI) offers potential to measure the diffusional exchange rate of water between intra- and extra-cellular spaces, which may provide unique insights to alterations in cell physiology. We investigated the feasibility of implementing FEXI for in vivo measurement of breast tumor apparent exchange rates (AXR) and association with pathologic factors. Our findings showed reduced AXR in breast tumors and suggested association with aquaporin five (AQP5) concentration, previously shown to correlate with tumor aggressiveness and metastatic risk. Further investigation is warranted to evaluate FEXI as a new prognostic marker and early marker of response to therapy. |
| 1864 | Computer 87
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Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging in the prediction of aggressiveness of T1 breast carcinoma patients |
1Radiology, The First affiliated hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare, China, Beijing, China |
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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging provides quantitative measurement of ADCslow for cellularity and ADCfast and ffast for vascularity. It is helpful for the differentiation between benign and malignant breast lesions. This study concerned perfusion as well as diffusion parameters of T1 breast carcinoma lesions using IVIM imaging based on the biexponential analysis and then compared these parameters from T1-weighted, T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced MR images on the classification of high and low aggressiveness of T1 breast carcinomas. |
| 1865 | Computer 88
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Diffusion kurtosis imaging and intravoxel incoherent motion analysis in comparison to a combination of multi-level diffusion coefficients in MR mammography of suspicious breast lesions |
1Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 2Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 3Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 4Radiological Practice at the ATOS Clinic Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 5Radiology Center Mannheim (RZM), Mannheim, Germany |
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Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is increasingly used in MR mammography for assessing malignancy of breast lesions. In particular, quantitative analysis of DWI data acquired with several b-values is gaining importance. Common data evaluation approaches include intravoxel incoherence motion (IVIM) and kurtosis imaging. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of kurtosis and IVIM based parameters in comparison to an approach combining several conventional diffusion coefficients measured with different b-values. The dataset comprised 198 examinations of patients with suspicious mammography findings. The simple approach using several ADCs showed a similar performance as the combination of kurtosis and IVIM. |
| 1866 | Computer 89
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Morphology of Breast lesions on Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI using Compressed Sensing Reconstruction |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, 3MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 4Breast Surgery, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 5Diagnosti c Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan |
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Using ultrafast DCE (UF-DCE) MRI with compressed sensing reconstruction, size and morphology of breast lesions on very early phase images within 1 minutes post contrast injection were compared to those on conventional DCE (C-DCE) MRI. The size of the lesions was slightly smaller on UF-DCE but within-2mm difference in approximately 80 % of the lesions. Morphological evaluations were the same in approximately 80% of the lesions yet irregular margin and clustered ring on C-DCE MRI may not be reflected to the appearance on UF-DCE, which should be noted in interpreting lesions using UF-DCE. |
| 1867 | Computer 90
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Preoperative Supine Breast MRI for Surgical Planning: Comparison of Dynamic Contrast Enhancement Curves to Prone Diagnostic MRIs |
1Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Dynamic contrast-enhanced breast imaging is typically performed in the prone position, but supine breast MRI is desirable for patient comfort and better correspondence to the surgical position. We have developed a breath-held multiphase supine bilateral DCE breast imaging protocol with Dixon fat-water separation. In this work, we compare the DCE curves to those from the prone diagnostic MRIs in 6 tumors. The shape of the curves is generally preserved, demonstrating that our supine scans are limited primarily by resolution, as opposed to SNR or motion. |
| 1868 | Computer 91
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Kaplan-Meier survival curves in breast cancer patients: contributions of nodal volume, tumor volume, residual disease, and response to chemotherapy |
1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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The goal of our study was to evaluate whether pre- and post-chemotherapy nodal volume affects the survival profiles of breast cancer patients. In addition, we also evaluated these effects with respect to responders and non-responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Comparison was made by analyzing the effects of tumor volume on survival profiles. We concluded that recurrence-free survival profile is dependent on axillary lymph node volume, and that non-responder patients with large nodes may need more vigorous treatment and follow up as they were associated with worse recurrence-free survival. |
| 1869 | Computer 92
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Pre-chemo MRI staging of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: validation with PET |
1Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States |
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This study evaluated the use of pre-chemo MRI of axillary lymph nodes (aLNs) to detect metastasis in breast cancer with PET and pathology as reference standards. PET versus pathology reports agreed 87% for presence of disease in the aLNs, while PET and MRI reports agreed 93%. We found good agreement between MRI and PET scores (Cohen’s Kappa 𝜅= 0.39, p=10-5). The MRI sensitivity, specificity, NPV and accuracy were 66.1%, 72.1%, 73.1% and 69.9%, respectively. Although improvement is needed, MRI staging of aLN is possible and practical. This approach may prove helpful in diagnosis and treatment planning of breast cancer patients. |
| 1870 | Computer 93
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Accelerated T2 Mapping of Breast Cancer Using Compressed Sensing |
1Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 2Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States |
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The use of T2 mapping in the breast is currently limited by prohibitively long acquisition times. We present here a compressed sensing approach and show that we are able to acquire T2 mapping breast images with 5-fold acceleration relative to a fully sampled, multi spin echo sequence. This reduction in acquisition time may make T2 mapping a feasible option for quantitative imaging of the breast, particularly for longitudinal studies such as those evaluating treatment efficacy and response. |
| 1871 | Computer 94
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Tumor sphericity as a predictor of response in patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment for invasive breast cancer |
1Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Seoul National University, Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Surgery and Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4Quantum Leap, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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In the realm of personalized and precision medicine, quantitative metrics are needed for predicting treatment outcomes during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer. We evaluated an automated tumor sphericity measurement as an addition to standard functional tumor volume for prediction of treatment response in a cohort of 220 patients with invasive breast cancer. Tumor sphericity captured some similar information to a visually assessed morphologic pattern score. Pre-treatment sphericity showed comparable prediction of pathologic complete response to pre-treatment volume, and added benefit in a logistic regression model. Sphericity may be useful in combination with tumor size to improve prediction of outcome. |
| 1872 | Computer 95
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A dual-slab 3D gradient echo spectroscopic imaging sequence with correction of respiration- and hardware-related frequency variations for bilateral evaluation of lipid composition in the breast |
1Radiology Department, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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To enable rapid bilateral evaluation of lipid composition in the breast with high spatial resolution and easy integration into clinical workflow, we have developed a gradient echo spectroscopic imaging sequence, which consists of a simultaneous dual-slab 3D gradient echo imaging acquisition with 128 monopolar echoes. To correct for the frequency drift of the scanner over the course of the acquisition, as well as frequency fluctuations due to respiration, the sequence includes a quick frequency navigator every TR period. The navigator was found to improve spectral quality in all subjects. |
| 1873 | Computer 96
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Distortion correction in diffusion-weighted MRI of the breast: using point spread function (PSF) encoding |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Diffusion-weighted MRI of the breast is a promising technique that can detect and characterize breast cancer sensitively and safely. However, geometric distortions of echo-planar imaging (EPI) due to field inhomogeneity and eddy currents has limited its clinical application. Conventional correction methods in breast DWI need additional B0 field maps that are either measured or estimated, and achieve limited effects at tissue interfaces. In this work, we attempted the feasibility of the distortion-free breast DWI using a point spread function (PSF) encoded method. The results showed higher fidelity and better image quality on breast DWI, which could facilitate the anatomical/DWI image registration and improve the quantitative measurements of the breast. |
| 1874 | Computer 97
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Simultaneous multi-slice echo planar imaging for accelerated diffusion-weighted imaging of malignant and benign breast lesions |
1Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 2Application Development, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany |
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The diagnostic accuracy of breast MRI can be increased by performing an additional diffusion sequence (EPI), however, further extending the examination time. Aim of our study was to investigate simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) accelerated EPI (TA 1:37 min) compared to the standard sequence (TA 2:57 min) in a clinical study. Image quality, artifacts and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of 72 breast lesions were determined. SMS-EPI achieved the same ADC values in benign and malignant breast lesions compared to the standard sequence, image quality did not differ. This indicates that SMS acceleration can be used for diffusion imaging in breast MRI. |
| 1875 | Computer 98
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Preliminary study of diffusion kurtosis imaging in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions |
1The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Objective to investigate the diagnostic value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in benign and malignant breast lesions. At present, Imaging diagnosis of benign and malignant breast nodules mainly focuses on morphology and hemodynamics to reflect the characteristics of lesions. This study intends to reflect the characteristics and changes of microstructure in breast tissues at molecular level by quantitative parameters of DKI, which provides an effective basis for early detection and accurate diagnosis of breast cancer. |
| 1876 | Computer 99
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A new approach to quantitative measurement of breast tumor blood flow, capillary permeability, and interstitial pressure. |
1Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Statistics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States, 4Institute for Computational and Engineering Sciences, Diagnostic Medicine, and Oncology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States |
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Ultrafast DCE-MRI detects sparse enhancement during the early phase of contrast media uptake [8]. This facilitates reconstruction of arteries and lesions using partial k-space data to obtain even higher temporal resolution. In addition, new approaches to tracking blood vessels in breast [10] identify arteries feeding suspicious lesions and possibly also draining veins. As a result, tumor blood flow can be accurately measured from propagation of the contrast media bolus along arteries that supply tumors. This approach avoids assumptions and artifacts that are inherent in pharmacokinetic analysis, and facilitates measurement of important biomarkers, e.g. capillary permeability and interstitial pressure. |
| 1877 | Computer 101
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Comparison of algorithms to determine Ventilated Volume Fraction from Oxygen-Enhanced MRI in Cystic Fibrosis |
1Bioxydyn Limited, Manchester, United Kingdom, 2Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 3Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 4Quantitative biomedical Imaging Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom |
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We have compared four different algorithms to determine the ventilated volume fraction (VVF) in a population of 4 healthy volunteers and 21 cystic fibrosis adult patients who underwent volumetric dynamic oxygen-enhanced MRI at 1.5T. Results were compared with pulmonary function tests and a CT-based scoring system (Brody score). All considered methods present significant correlation between VVF and FEV1 (R2>0.5), FVC (R2>0.4), FEV1/FVC (R2>0.4). Weaker correlation was found between VVF and the Brody score (R2 ~0.2). |
| 1878 | Computer 102
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Validation of theoretical models of hyperpolarized gas diffusion MRI with finite element simulation in geometrical and realistic models of lung acinar airways from micro-CT |
1Academic Unit of Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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In this work, the stretched exponential (SEM) and cylindrical airway (CM) theoretical models for hyperpolarized gas diffusion MRI are validated with finite element (FE) simulations in two different acinar airway geometries. Simulations of 3He multiple b-value diffusion experiments were performed in a theoretical cylindrical acinar airway geometry and a micro-CT derived realistic acinus model. The simulated MRI diffusion signal was fitted to the CM and SEM. In FE simulations of both models, derived acinar airway parameters from CM and SEM demonstrated strong correlation and good agreement with the underlying model. |
| 1879 | Computer 103
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Ventilation defects on hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI are predictive of 2-year exacerbation frequency in asthma |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 7Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Ventilation defects on hyperpolarized 3He MRI in asthma are predictive of exacerbation frequency in the two years following imaging. Incorporating VDP and exacerbation history into a single model allows for a decision-tree based approach to assessing propensity for asthma exacerbation. |
| 1880 | Computer 104
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Comparison of quantified pulmonary blood flow using phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in COPD, CF and CTEPH patients |
1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, 2Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany |
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Phase-resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI is a very promising method for contrast agent free pulmonary perfusion measurement in free breathing. Still a large-scale validation of quantified pulmonary blood flow (PBFPREFUL) with the current gold standard PBFDCE derived by dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI is missing. Therefore, 52 patients with COPD, CF and CTEPH were included in this study and the correlations for PBFPREFUL and PBFDCE were assessed. Except for CTEPH, strong and moderate correlations were found. Low or no correlation can be explained by respiratory motion (DCE) and perfusion delay (PREFUL). |
| 1881 | Computer 105
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Octafluorocyclobutane as a novel 19F MRI gas agent for significant lung image quality improvement |
1Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada, 2Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada, 3Chemistry, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada, 4Biology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada, 5Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada |
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Two different MRI gas techniques are presently being employed for lung imaging: hyperpolarized noble gas MRI and fluorinated inert gas MRI. Perfluoropropane (PFP) is the most widely used 19F gas for imaging purposes. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using an octafluorocyclobutane (OFCB) as a novel gas contrast agent for 19F lung MRI. Furthermore, the direct comparison between OFCB and PFP was performed In Vivo and In Vitro. OFCB, due to its chemical structure and relaxation properties, demonstrated a higher SNR. Therefore, usage of OFCB can significantly improve the image quality of 19F lung MRI. |
| 1882 | Computer 106
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Ventilation perfusion matching in patients with Cystic Fibrosis assessed via co-registered hyperpolarised gas and dynamic contrast enhanced lung MRI |
1POLARIS, Academic Unit of Radiology, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, 2Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom, 3Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom, 4Respiratory Research Group, Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom, 5Insigneo Institute for in silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield and Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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Assessment of regional ventilation and perfusion is of clinical interest for better understanding of disease mechanisms and lung pathophysiology, as the primary function of the lung is gas exchange. This work aimed to assess ventilation and perfusion in patients with Cystic Fibrosis using co-registered hyperpolarised gas and dynamic contrast enhanced lung MRI. |
| 1883 | Computer 107
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Integration of HP 3He MRI with In Silico Models to Predict Gas Flows in Severe Asthma Subjects |
1Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3BioEngineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States, 4Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Hyperpolarized 3He MRI, CT data, and patient-specific computational modeling methods are combined to predict airflow distributions, pressure maps, and central and peripheral resistances in three severe asthma subjects. Simulation results indicate variations in gas flows between the subjects and show a correlation between SVDP and peripheral respiratory resistances. |
| 1884 | Computer 108
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Hyperpolarized Ventilation MRI and Ensemble Machine Learning Predict Airflow Limitation Worsening in Ex-smokers |
1Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 4Physics, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Hyperpolarized noble-gas pulmonary imaging provides a way to measure ventilation and perfusion in patients. The potential of highly sensitive MRI biomarkers of lung function has not yet been exploited using machine-learning. Ensemble machine-learning merges diverse classifiers to improve classification accuracy and reduce the potential for misclassification. Our aim was to evaluate the performance of ensemble machine-learning algorithms and hyperpolarized gas MRI features for predicting worsening airflow measured using spirometry. This proof-of-concept study revealed that MRI ventilation combined with ensemble machine-learning predicted small changes in airflow limitation (∆FEV1%pred=5%) over relatively short time period (2.5 yr) in ex-smokers with and without COPD. |
| 1885 | Computer 109
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Ventilation Defect Percent from Hyperpolarized Helium-3 MRI as a predictor of Asthma Exacerbation Severity |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States, 5Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 7Radiology, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States, 8Center for Pulmonary Imaging Research, University of Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, United States, 9Allergy, Pulmonary, & Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 10Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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We assessed ventilation defect percent (VDP) on hyperpolarized (HP) 3He MRI in 28 asthmatics at baseline and recovery visits following an exacerbation (10 ± 7 months apart). We found that pre-bronchodilator VDP at baseline was a stronger predictor of severe exacerbations than conventional asthma control indices, and subjects that underwent a severe exacerbation had highly variable VDP changes after recovery. These findings suggest that VDP is a potential biomarker of asthma instability. |
| 1886 | Computer 110
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Jacobian-based Ventilation Derived from Lung Proton MRI: Correlation with Ventilation Defects on Hyperpolarized Gas MRI |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 5Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 6Allergy, Pulmonary, & Critical Care Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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We used deformable registration between 1H MRI at two lung volumes to create a Jacobian based ventilation map for quantification of ventilation heterogeneity. We compared values derived from the Jacobian ventilation map to the ventilation defect percent (VDP) from hyperpolarized Helium-3 MRI (HP 3He MRI) and to spirometry measures and found that the Jacobian minimum was associated with both VDP and FEV1/FVC %. These findings suggest that ventilation quantified using Jacobian maps of deformable registration on 1H MRI is a potential alternative to HP MRI ventilation imaging. |
| 1887 | Computer 111
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Comparing Hyperpolarized 3He MRI Fractional Ventilation to CT-Derived Fractional Ventilation |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Although hyperpolarized helium-3 (HP 3He) MRI has been viewed as the gold-standard for ventilation imaging of the lungs, validating fractional ventilation (FV) measurements obtained with HP 3He MRI has proven challenging, as no other technique delivers qualitatively comparable information regarding gas distribution throughout the lungs. In this work, we assessed the feasibility of deriving CT-based FV assessments from end-inspiratory (EI) and end-expiratory (EE) images obtained from subjects in the national COPDGene study, to be used for validation of FV measurements obtained during HP 3He MRI. |
| 1888 | Computer 112
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Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging of Regional Ventilation; Dissimilarities of Single- and Multi-breath Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Single and Multi-breath Hyperpolarized Gas MR Imaging Provides Different Measures of Lung Ventilation |
| 1889 | Computer 113
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Common misconceptions about pulmonary oxygen enhanced MRI |
1Medical radiation physics, Translational Medicine, Malmö, Sweden |
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There are several common misconceptions about pulmonary oxygen enhanced MRI. Most importantly, the relaxivity of molecular oxygen is, like other contrast agents, macromolecule dependent and not static. Moreover, the signal from the lung results from both oxygenated and non-oxygenated blood, where the oxygen enhancement effect will work to both shorten and elongate blood T1. The resultant relaxation enhancement primarily reflect blood partitioning. Finally, oxygen enhanced MRI has been shown to correlate with diffusing capacity in the lung, but this is only in severe disease. Rather, pulmonary shunt is the main determinant of arterial oxygenation and will affect the relaxation enhancement. |
| 1890 | Computer 114
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Spin echo and gradient echo quantification in oxygen enhanced MRI may yield different results |
1Medical radiation physics, Translational Medicine, Malmö, Sweden |
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Pulmonary oxygen enhanced MRI is currently performed with a variety of pulse sequences. This abstract provides evidence that the oxygen enhancement, quantified as the change in longitudinal relaxation rate, ΔR1, assessed with a spin-echo or gradient-echo sequence may yield different values. Indeed, a standard IR-HASTE quantification yielded group mean ΔR1 10% higher than the Snapshot-FLASH quantification in 15 healthy volunteers. Although studies employing different quantification schemes are likely comparable, caution is warranted since the mean ΔR1 quantified with HASTE-type sequences is likely higher. |
| 1891 | Computer 115
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Joint Reconstruction of 1H and 19F gas MRI in the Human Lung |
1Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, 2Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany, 3Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany |
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Due to its low costs, high inertness and applicability at thermal polarization, fluorinated gases are promising tracers for imaging lung ventilation using fluorine magnetic resonance imaging. In this work, the joint reconstruction of proton density and 19F ventilation images in the human lung is shown. To exploit the structural similarity of both imaging modalities, a regularized reconstruction is used, minimizing the parallel level sets. Quantitative analysis of the reconstruction performance could be achieved by retrospective undersampling of data collected during a 2.5-minute breath hold. Furthermore, computation of VDP maps has been analyzed using joint reconstruction in three COPD patients. |
| 1892 | Computer 116
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Comparison of Capabilities for Pulmonary Functional Loss Evaluation and Clinical Stage Classification between 3D Oxygen-Enhanced MRI at 3T System and Thin-Section CT in Smokers |
1Division of Functional and Diagnostic Imaging Research, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 2Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, 3Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 4Center for Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan, 5Division of Radiology, Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan |
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Recently, 3D O2-enhanced MRI at 3T system is recently developed by Cannon Medical Systems Corporation. On the other hands, no one directly compare this technique with quantitatively assessed CT for smoking-related COPD assessment. We hypothesized that 3D O2-enhanced MRI has a potential for quantitative assessment of morphological changes due to smoking-related COPD as well as quantitatively assessed thin-section CT. The purpose of this study was to prospectively and directly compare the quantitative capability for pulmonary functional loss assessment and clinical stage classification between 3D O2-enhanced MRI and thin-section CT in smokers. |
| 1893 | Computer 117
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In Vivo 19F-Isoflurane Chemical Shift Imaging in mouse lung |
1Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Australia |
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Proton MRI of lungs has challenges because of the available signal and high susceptibility of the air and tissue interface. Isoflurane is a commonly used fluorinated anesthetic with an excellent safety record in preclinical studies, which contains small amounts of the stable fluorine isotope 19F. This abstract demonstrates that Isoflurane can be used as both an anesthetic and as 19F contrast agent simultaneously. Inhaled isoflurane provides 19F signals in the gas and the dissolved phases which offers potentials for functional MR imaging of lungs. |
| 1894 | Computer 118
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USPIO-enhanced MRI for pre-operative lymph node staging after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: feasibility and validation framework |
1Surgery, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2radiology and nuclear medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 3health evidence and operating rooms, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 4anesthesiology, pain and palliative medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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Extensive lymph node dissections during esophagectomy may be omitted in patients with esophageal cancer without lymph node metastases, reducing associated morbidity. A promising technique to detect lymph node metastases is MRI with ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO, ferumoxtran-10). To validate USPIO-enhanced MRI in patients with esophageal cancer, a framework is designed to compare lymph nodes of the MRI scans with histopathology data on a node-to-node level. |
| 1895 | Computer 119
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Shortening scan times for functional lung imaging using matrix pencil decomposition |
1Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 3Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland |
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This study examines the performance of functional lung MRI using matrix pencil (MP) decomposition for the estimation of regional fractional ventilation and perfusion by exploring the relationship between the scanning time and the quantitative outcomes. Our results show excellent promise that the overall scan time for functional lung imaging using MP decomposition can be considerably shortened, which can allow for easier integration of MP MRI in clinical routine protocols. |
| 1896 | Computer 120
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Feasibility of 3D PREFUL: 3D dynamic lung ventilation imaging, initial comparison to 2D PREFUL in healthy volunteers |
1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, 2Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany, 3Department of Radiology, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland, 4Department of Biomedical Engineerings, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, 5Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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Pulmonary ventilation assessed by Fourier Decomposition (FD) is limited by its 2D acquisition and does not consider dynamics of ventilation. In this work, a method to assess dynamic lung ventilation in 3D using self-gating and phase-resolved functional lung imaging (PREFUL) is presented. The full respiratory cycle was reconstructed and dynamic regional ventilation (RV) maps were generated. Mean slice correlation and anterior-posterior gradient of ventilation values were compared between the 3D and the 2D PREFUL approaches. 3D PREFUL imaging was able to reconstruct dynamic imaging of the respiratory cycle, generate dynamic RV maps and provide good agreement with the 2D approach. |
| 1897 | Computer 121
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Compressed Sensing reconstruction in non-contrast-enhanced functional lung MRI using Fourier Decomposition: An initial study |
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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Ventilation and perfusion functions have significant clinical value for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Fourier Decomposition is a non-contrast-enhanced method for assessing regional ventilation and perfusion information from time-resolved images. However, its robustness suffers from poor temporal resolution. Here we propose a compressed sensing reconstruction of undersampled acquisitions to improve temporal resolution of dynamic images. Retrospective demonstrations on in vivo acquisitions indicate that the proposed reconstruction scheme achieves similar image quality to conventional acquisitions while improving scan efficiency. |
| 1898 | Computer 122
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5-minute non-sedated neonatal and pediatric pulmonary UTE based MRI studies |
1Radiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 4Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States |
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Pulmonary MRI is free of ionizing radiation, which is beneficial for screening and longitudinal imaging in radio-sensitive populations, like newborns and children. However, practical considerations make pediatric pulmonary MRI challenging, including smaller body size, increased respiration rate, and increased motion from inability to hold still. In this work, we propose an optimized 5-minute non-sedated neonatal and pediatric pulmonary UTE, applied on seven patients. |
| 1899 | Computer 123
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Impact assessment of posture and breath hold state on diaphragm shape |
1National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3Respiratory Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 4School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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The diaphragm plays a crucial role in respiratory mechanics. However, commonly used image acquisition methods are limited by position and breath hold duration. We developed a novel MR protocol for scanning the diaphragm in an upright low-field MR scanner and analysis tools to investigate the impact of posture and breath hold state on its morphology. |
| 1900 | Computer 124
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Any Correlation between Pulmonary Function Test and Lung UTE-MRI? |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center,Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, Korea, Republic of |
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Although PFT is widely used for diagnosis pulmonary disease, there has been continuing interest in the possibility of using MRI to detect the pulmonary function value such as FEV1, FVC and FEV/FVC. However, previous works acquired distribution of lung lesions and ventilation defect region. Here, we proposed a new method to evaluate lung function by MRI. We demonstrated its feasibility with six healthy subjects. Despite the number of subject was too small, the results show a correlation with the results of the PFT. |
| 1901 | Computer 126
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Noninvasive Assessment of Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis in a Murine Fibrosis Model by Quantitative Magnetization Transfer MRI |
1Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States |
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Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease, which drives further kidney injury and leads to renal failure. It is critical to assess the spatiotemporal extent of fibrosis in kidney. However, currently there are no reliable non-invasive means for assessing the severity and progression of fibrosis in individual kidney. Therefore, here we evaluate the utility of MT imaging for measuring renal fibrosis in kidney using hHB-EGFTg/Tg mouse model, in which progressive fibrosis is the predominant event. In this study, we compare and assess the utility of MTR and PSR for detecting tubulointerstitial fibrosis in OSOM of kidney. |
| 1902 | Computer 127
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A longitudinal study of lesion evolution in atheroembolic renal disease using BOLD MRI |
1Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 3Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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Atheroembolic renal disease (AERD) is part of a multisystemic disease caused by showers of cholesterol emboli from the atherosclerotic aorta to many organs and is usually associated with poor renal and patient survival. The specific evolution of renal tissue properties remains unclear because of the lack of sensitive imaging biomarkers to detect subtle AERD lesions. Once the embolus enters the blood circulation, it will cause tissue ischemia, endothelial inflammation and even renal function damage. Therefore, the level of blood oxygen is a perfect pointcut for AERD development. In this study, we aim to use blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) MRI to evaluate longitudinal changes in kidney properties before and after AERD appearance. |
| 1903 | Computer 128
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Multi-parametric MRI of Kidney Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD) |
1Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 5Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, United States, 7Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 8Center for Pediatric Nephrology, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, United States, 9CWRU Center for Kidney Research, The MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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There are currently no sensitive measures for kidney disease progression in Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease (ARPKD). In this study, T1 and T2 relaxation times and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC)) were evaluated for their sensitivity to detect ARPKD progression in the bpk mouse model of ARPKD, which closely mimics human ARPKD kidney disease. Mean kidney T2 showed a significant correlation with both age and kidney volume. T1 and ADC showed no significant correlations. These results suggest that renal T2 relaxometry may be a viable marker for ARPKD kidney disease progression in vivo. |
| 1904 | Computer 129
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The value of three-dimensional, compressed sensing magnetic resonance urography, with and without breath-holding: comparison of acquisition time, image quality, and diagnostic performance with conventional magnetic resonance urography |
1Department of MRI, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China, 3MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the feasibility of three-dimensional (3D), compressed sensing (CS) magnetic resonance urography (MRU), with and without breath-holding (BH), for shortening the acquisition time, with better image quality and diagnostic performance. Forty-five patients were enrolled. BH-CS MRU, navigator-triggered (NT) CS MRU, and conventional NT MRU were performed. Comparisons of acquisition time, image quality (sharpness of urinary tract and background suppression), and diagnostic performance were made among these three protocols. BH-CS MRU was superior to the other MRU protocols, with the shortest acquisition time and better image quality with comparable diagnostic performance. |
| 1905 | Computer 130
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The Effects of Fixation and Age on Relaxometry Measurements of Ex-Vivo Kidneys |
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Centre for Kidney Research and Innovation, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Leicestershire, United Kingdom |
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The study of post-mortem brain tissue using MRI has been shown to provide a tool to assess whole organ microstructure and pathology with high spatial resolution. However, few studies have been performed on other organs in the body, here we perform ex-vivo imaging of whole kidneys. T1 and T2* of ex-vivo porcine kidneys are monitored over a ten-week period to study how T1 and T2* of the renal cortex and medulla vary over time from fixation. A clear understanding of the effects of fixation on tissue MRI parameters is crucial for interpreting ex-vivo MRI studies. |
| 1906 | Computer 131
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Optimization of an asymmetric spin echo EPI approach for oxygen extraction fraction measurement in the healthy kidney |
1GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 2GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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The noninvasive assessment of renal oxygenation is of great clinical interest. Some recent studies used a single shot asymmetric spin echo (ASE) EPI approach to measure oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) in the brain. Compared to the brain, the abdomen suffers much larger field inhomogeneity and respiration induced motion artifacts. The ASE EPI sequence was optimized by shifting the readout position rather than the 180° RF pulse to reduce TE and hence susceptibility artifacts for better OEF measurement in the kidney. OEF results were in good agreement with the normal range of about 30%, as reported in the previous literature. |
| 1907 | Computer 132
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Effect of B0 shimming method and breath-holding position on the quantification of renal BOLD R2* in healthy volunteers |
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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Tissue hypoxia is thought to play a key role in the development and progression of kidney disease. Blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI based on the absolute transverse relaxation rate (R2*) is widely used to assess renal tissue oxygenation. This study shows that breath-hold location (inspiration/expiration) and B0 shimming method (default/volume) can influence the quantification of renal R2* mapping. By using associated B0 mapping data it is possible to determine outliers in R2* arising from significant left-right B0 gradients/B0 offsets/large B0 FWHM, thus reducing the variance in quantified renal R2* values across a subject group. |
| 1908 | Computer 133
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Small field of view 2D spatially selective RF excitation diffusion tensor (DTI) imaging of the kidneys: initial experience in healthy controls and patients with Type 2 diabetes |
1Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia, 2The University Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, 3The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia, 4Siemens Healthcare Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia, 5New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are promising for assessing subclinical changes in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, renal echo planar DTI can be challenging due to susceptibility artefacts, which can be mitigated by a small field of view (FOV) 2D spatially selective RF excitation. We report initial experience at 3T in 9 controls and 4 diabetic patients, finding high inter-reader agreement for cortical and medullary FA and MD, and significantly lower medullary and cortical FA in patients compared to controls. Small FOV DTI is a feasible non-invasive method of DKD assessment/ monitoring. |
| 1909 | Computer 134
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Evaluation of renal vascular in living donors before transplantation using non-contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography |
1Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Previous studies showed that contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography can be used for preoperative renal transplantation donor vascular evaluation, but requires exogenous contrast agent. Non-contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (NCE-MRA) can describe vascular anatomy without contrast agent. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate NCE-MRA for the preoperative evaluation of potential living kidney donors. |
| 1910 | Computer 135
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Feasibility of DKI in distinguishing stage IA and IB of endometrial carcinoma |
1radiology, the first Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, dalian, China, 2the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, dalian, China, 3GE Healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Preoperative information about depth of myometrial invasion is therefore essential in tailoring the surgical approach for patients in stage I. Consequently, we investigate the feasibility of diffusion-kurtosis imaging(DKI) in distinguishing the stage IA and IB of EC. |
| 1911 | Computer 136
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Glomerular fibrosis in rat kidneys assessed with a clinical 3T MR scanner |
1Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Division of Nephrology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 3Verily Life Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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Glomerular fibrosis develops in multiple types of chronic kidney diseases. This study aims to explore the promising MRI methods for quantifying glomerular fibrosis, and to evaluate the feasibility of performing the measurements for rat kidneys using clinical MRI scanner. Four healthy and 4 fibrotic rats were included in the experiment. With fibrosis, significant changes were found in cortical and medullary T1 and T2. Measurement of T2* suffered from susceptibility artifact. This study verified that clinical MRI scanners can be used to monitor the development of renal fibrosis in rat kidneys. |
| 1912 | Computer 137
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Use of 3D Arterial Spin Labeling to Evaluate Renal Perfusion in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease |
1Radiology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, 3MR Applications Development, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, 4MR Applications Development, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China |
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D PASL and 3D pCASL in assessing RBF in both the renal cortex and medulla of CKD patients and healthy volunteers. The results showed that RBF maps derived from 3D pCASL had significantly better image quality than RBF maps derived from 3D PASL. 3D pCASL has the potential to become a novel non-invasive and non-contrast MRI technique to assess renal cortical and medullary perfusion. |
| 1913 | Computer 138
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Accuracy of renal T1 mapping schemes: a comparison of four T1 mapping methods. |
1Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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T1 methods - inversion recovery (IR) spin-echo EPI, IR balanced fast field echo (bFFE), MOLLI 5(3)3, and variable flip angle mapping - are compared for the assessment of renal cortex and medulla T1. IR SE-EPI and IR bFFE allow multi-slice assessment using respiratory triggering, whilst MOLLI and VFA are collected in breath-holds. Compared with IR SE-EPI, MOLLI is in agreement (bias -53ms), IR bFFE is lower (bias -177ms) and VFA significantly overestimates T1 (bias +350ms). MOLLI T1 is shown to vary with simulated heart rate. Histogram analysis for the IR SE-EPI T1 map allows differential regions within the medulla to be separated. |
| 1914 | Computer 139
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High resolution multi-echo time-of-flight angiography of the kidney at 3 and 7T |
1SPMIC Department of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom |
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We have used a multi-echo time-of-flight angiography sequence to provide increased signal-to-noise ratio, by summing the echoes, to image the kidney at 0.75 mm in-plane resolution and visualize the small distal vessels without the use of contrast agent. Clear images could be obtained at 7T, but results at 7T were not consistently good across all subjects due to limitations in RF power and shimming. |
| 1915 | Computer 140
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Segmentation of the Cortex and Medulla in Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Images of the Kidney using K-Means Clustering |
1MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 2Liver Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 3BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh Bioquarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), including T1, T2*, Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) perfusion, represents a powerful tool for renal investigations. This allows for simultaneous assessment of structure and function in pathologies from Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) to Chronic Kidney Dysfunction (CKD). Differentiation of the medulla and cortex is essential as these tissues have different biomarker distributions. Currently, segmentation of the biomarker histograms is carried out with manual definition of thresholds. Here, we applied K-means clustering to segment the maps and showed that this produced physiologically meaningful results while improving biomarker precision compared with whole kidney regions. |
| 1916 | Computer 141
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The value of diffusion kurtosis imaging in evaluation of the pathological grade and correlation with angiogenesis and proliferative activity in clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
1yidu central hospital,weifang medical university, weifang, China |
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To investigate if the mean diffusivity (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) allows assessment of renal clinical pathology. MK were better than MD values in identifying the grade of nuclear grade. A significant difference between high and low grade in MVD, MVA, and ki-67 was found.l DKI may predict angiogenesis and proliferative activity in CCRCC and make a plan for preoperative assessment. |
| 1917 | Computer 142
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Intravoxel incoherent motion MR imaging for diffusion and perfusion assessment of renal function of diabetes mellitus with normal serum creatinine |
1First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China |
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Comparing the parameters of IVIM-MRI between diabetes mellitus with normal creatinine and healthy controls, we found that they may provide more useful information to assess renal function. IVIM-MRI can evaluating renal function of diabetes mellitus with normal creatinine noninvasively in order to diabetic nephropathy early detection and early prevention. |
| 1918 | Computer 143
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Dynamic changes in cyst growth rates in early autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease |
1University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, AL, United States, 2University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States, 3Mayo clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 4University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 6University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, 7Legacy Good Samaritan Hospital, Portland, OR, United States |
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The best method for the identification of high-risk patients with rapidly progressive autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is based on height and age-adjusted total kidney volume (TKV). We sought to improve this assessment by exploring individual renal cyst growth rates over time. MRI data revealed that ADPKD cysts grow, remain stable or disappear. The individual cyst volume distribution over the first year (e.g., skewness or kurtosis) correlated strongly with TKV change over 3 years (better than TKV change over the first year). It remains to be determined whether these indices outperform TKV in the prediction of renal function outcomes. |
| 1919 | Computer 144
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Use of Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging in assessment of different degrees of renal lesions: alterations in diffusion and perfusion in animal study with renal lesions |
1Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 3Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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IVIM DWI (intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted image) is a noninvasive imaging technology capable of simultaneously detecting diffusion and perfusion characteristics of renal tissue . This study investigates the feasibility of IVIM DWI in evaluating different degree of renal lesions. IVIM DWI was performed on sixteen rabbits with different degree of renal lesions, which were confirmed by the corresponding pathological results. A noticeable change of renal diffusion and perfusion can be clearly observed in different degrees of renal lesions. There exists significant difference in f values among four groups with different severity in renal lesions. |
| 1920 | Computer 145
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MRI based Renal Resistivity Index in Chronic Kidney Disease |
1Department of Physics, University of Colombo, Colombo 3, Sri Lanka, 2Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka |
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We show, for the first time, the feasibility of using MRI based renal resistivity index (RRI) to differentiate patients with chronic kidney disease from healthy subjects. RRI and the Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) of the abdominal aorta were calculated using quantitative phase contrast imaging. The RRI was significantly higher in CKD patients (0.71 ± 0.07) than in the healthy subjects (0.65 ± 0.04). The mean PWV was also significantly higher in CKD patient indicating hypertension and arterial stiffness in CKD. The high RRI in CKD indicates restriction to perfusion, probably due to of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the kidney. |
| 1921 | Computer 146
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The Effect of Water Loading on Renal Diffusion Parameters with Triexponential Analysis |
1Department of Radiological Technology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan, 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 3Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan |
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To assess the response of water loading on diffusion parameters in the renal tissue, we evaluated renal diffusion coefficients with tri- and biexponential analyses before and after water loading. Our results showed that slow-restricted diffusion coefficient with triexponential analysis in the renal medulla was significantly increased after water loading, whereas none of the diffusion parameters with biexponential analysis significantly changed. Diffusion analysis with triexponential function could enable us to obtain more detailed information on renal function. |
| 1922 | Computer 147
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Renal intravoxel-incoherent-motion analysis with a three-compartment model taking into account the renal tubules |
1Tohoku University Graduate school of medicine, Sendai, Japan, 2Tohoku University hospital, Sendai, Japan |
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We were able to estimate diffusion and relaxation parameters of the renal parenchyma, flowing blood and tubular water by intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) analysis with a three-compartment model and SE+FLAIR diffusion imaging. The reactive change of three parameters (apparent diffusion coefficient of parenchyma, transverse relaxation rate of blood, and fraction of flowing blood in the renal cortex) were observed. |
| 1923 | Computer 148
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Whole Body Quadrature Birdcage RF Coil for 23Na MRI of Small Rodents at 9.4T and Its Application in Sodium Imaging of the Eye and Kidneys |
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 2MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany, 3Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz, Berlin, Germany, 4Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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Sodium ions play a major role in the physiology of the human organism. The kidneys and eyes both have a high sodium concentration, and we suggest that probing tissue sodium concentration in these organs using 23Na MRI can add a very useful dimension to our understanding of renal and ocular disorders. Changes in the sodium concentration might be indicative of early pathophysiological changes in such diseases. Therefore we present a quadrature birdcage coil tailored for sodium imaging of small rodents at 9.4T, along with the RF coil design, EMF simulations and in vivo 23Na MRI of the eye and kidney. |
| 1924 | Computer 149
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Assessment of Renal Function Using noncontrast-enhanced MRI: 3D-FIESTA with spatial labeling with multiple inversion pulses and Diffusion-weighted imaging |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan China, China, 2Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China |
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Previous researchs had proved that corticomedullary differentiation contrast ratio obtained from SLEEK was significantly positively correlated with eGFR. But they did not quantitatively analyze the diagnostic performance of SLEEK and did not compare it to other imaging methods. We obtained the area under the curve (AUC) by making the ROC curve to compare the diagnostic performance between SLEEK and DWI. DWI, previous reports have shown that ADC values are positively correlated with eGFR, may be an effective methods to evalaute renal function. Therefor we compared SLEEK with DWI to assess the diagnostic value of SLEEK. |
| 1925
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Computer 150
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Perfusion-Weighted Imaging in Human Kidneys using Hyperpolarized Xenon-129 |
1Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Mannheim, Germany, 2Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, POLARIS, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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Cortical perfusion is an important biomarker that could reflect pathophysiological changes in kidney disease. Novel methods to assess kidney perfusion could be complementary to DCE and ASL techniques. In this work, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept to obtain perfusion-weighted kidney images using time-resolved dissolved hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI. Subtraction of images acquired with different TR showed high contrast within the kidneys that qualitatively match those seen on ASL perfusion maps and indicate higher xenon uptake in the cortex when compared to the medulla. This work demonstrates the potential of hyperpolarized 129Xe as injection free means of assessment of renal perfusion imaging. |
| 1926 | Computer 151
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Accumulation of saturated IMCL is associated with insulin resistance |
1Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2National Institute for Health Research/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 4Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (OCDEM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 5Department of Clinical Research and Radiology, AMSM, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 6Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, University of Liverpool, and MRC–Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Liverpool, United Kingdom, 7Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Use of a recently validated 1H MRS approach to determine both the intramyocellular lipid composition, and concentration independent of composition, within the soleus and tibialis anterior muscles of female individuals covering a wide range of insulin sensitivities, has revealed that accumulation of saturated intramyocellular lipid is more strongly associated with whole-body insulin resistance than concentration alone. |
| 1927 | Computer 152
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Spatially resolved measurement of lipid droplet size in white adipose tissue with high b-value stimulated echo-prepared diffusion-weighted 2D single shot TSE |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany, 3Chair for Food and Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany |
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Despite its strong relevance in metabolic dysfunction, non-invasive measurement of fat microstructure remains an unmet need. In white adipose tissue, enlarged adipocyte size is linked to the obese phenotype. DW-MRS has been previously applied to probe diffusion restriction effects of intramyocellular lipids or brown adipocytes using preclinical systems. However, probing diffusion restriction in large lipid droplets remains a major challenge and DW-MRS can only measure spatially averaged effects. This work proposes a method that probes lipid droplet sizes with high b-value stimulated-echo prepared DW 2D single shot TSE, validates the methods in water-fat phantoms and applies it in the gluteal fat depot in vivo. |
| 1928 | Computer 153
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Metabolic Imaging of Brown Adipose Tissue in Aging Rodent Model |
1Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, Singapore, 2Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore, Singapore, 3Department of Physiology, National University of Singaore, Singapore, Singapore |
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Loss of BAT function and activity is associated with aging. Understanding the metabolic and phenotypic changes in aging brown adipose tissue is important for healthy aging. In this study, we have characterized various brown adipose tissue depots including interscapular BAT(iBAT), cervical BAT(cBAT), and axillary BAT(aBAT) ) in aging rodent model. Fat content in all BAT depots increased with aging and reduced with β3 agonist treatment. The iBAT was more responsive to β3 intervention compared to other BAT depots. Functional genes PRDM16, PPARg, PGC1α were upregulated in BAT tissues of 3 months old animals with β3 agonist due to high metabolic activity and improved quality of BAT compared to older animals. |
| 1929 | Computer 154
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White fat browning in a murine model detected by Z-Spectrum Imaging |
1Radiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Biophysics and Biophysiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States |
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"Browning" of visceral fat is of particular interest to human health due to its association to high risk of metabolic disease and its resistance to conventional browning stimuli. Developing a strategy to stimulate and monitor visceral fat browning could be extremely beneficial in combating epidemic metabolic diseases. Here we report the successful detection of white visceral fat browning in a treated transgenic mouse model by longitudinal Z-Spectrum Imaging. The fat-water fraction measured by ZSI and the fat depots volume were reduced over time compared to the control group. Being noninvasive and with no radiation, the protocol is suitable for longitudinal studies. |
| 1930 | Computer 155
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On the Technical Challenges of Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy for Water ADC Quantification in Human Supraclavicular Fat |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany |
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The study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) has attracted many researchers in the context of human metabolism. In adult humans, BAT is mostly present in the supraclavicular fossa as a heterogeneous mixture of white and brown adipose tissue. DW MR is a powerful technique to detect microstructural differences which could potentially help to differentiate BAT from surrounding tissue. However, physiological motion in close proximity to the soft adipose tissue in the supraclavicular fossa could lead to signal cancelations and quantification errors. In this work we investigate the feasibility of human BAT DW-MRS for the ADC quantification of the water component in vivo. |
| 1931 | Computer 156
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Evaluation of long-term exercise intervention on ectopic fat accumulation in high fat diet fed rats |
1Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, 2Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore, 3Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore |
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In this study, we evaluated the effect of long-term exercise in reversing the effects of an obesogenic environment on pathogenic fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in high fat diet fed rats. Bias-corrected effect size (Hedge’s g, 95% CI), of IHL, IMCL, triglycerides, cholesterol, leptin and Matsuda Index after 12 weeks intervention was determined between high fat diet (HFD), Control, HFD + Exercise groups. The long term exercise intervention improved the insulin sensitivity in high fat diet fed rats by reducing all fat depots, triglycerides, and leptin. |
| 1932 | Computer 157
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Quantitative assessment of body composition parameters with CS accelerated Dixon method |
1Global MR Engineering, GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, United States, 2AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden, 3Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, United States, 4Global MR Applications & Workflow, GE Healthcare, Houston, TX, United States, 5Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden |
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MRI provides accurate and high-precision body composition measurements. Routinely, data acquisition is performed using system’s integrated body coil, which creates a challenge in terms of scan time and breath-hold duration. This work utilized Compressed Sensing with 2pt Dixon to reduce the acquisition time by 40% without impacting the quantitation of body composition measurements. Variations were found to be small compared to test-retest precision. This provides an opportunity to add MRI based body composition analysis to most MRI examinations with minimal scan time impact without a change in coil or patient setup |
| 1933 | Computer 158
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Skeletal Muscle Adipose Tissue Quantification in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy |
1Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University Langone Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States, 5Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 6Sackler Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common and serious complication of diabetes, where persistent hyperglycemia impairs metabolic and microvascular function, ultimately resulting in fatty infiltration. Quantitative adipose measurements using MRI may provide a useful tool to evaluate the effects of therapeutic intervention. We tested a chemical-shift based technique to measure skeletal muscle fatty infiltration in a cohort with DPN. Fatty infiltration was found to be increased in the ankle plantar flexors of DPN patients, with significant elevation detected in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. |
| 1934 | Computer 159
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Regional differences of IVIM-measured perfusion fraction in vertebral bone marrow at 1.5 T. |
1Univ Rennes, Inserm, LTSI – UMR 1099, Rennes, France, 2CHU Rennes, Rennes, France |
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The purpose of this study was to assess regional differences of IVIM (Intra-Voxel Incoherent Motion) parameters in vertebral bone marrow. A RESOLVE Diffusion sequence with SPAIR fat suppression was acquired on healthy volunteers. The current study shows a significant difference in perfusion fraction f between the anterior and posterior regions in lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5. |
| 1935 | Computer 160
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3.0T MRI with IDEAL-IQ sequence for Assessment of pancreatic fatty infiltration During Progression of T2DM Animal Model |
1Radiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China |
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This study was undertaken to determine the accuracy of pancreatic MR imaging by proton density fat fraction measurements with the iterative decomposition of water and fat with the echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation quantitation (IDEAL-IQ) sequences, and to explore changes of pancreatic fat content in a diabetic animal model. We found that estimation of pancreatic fat content by pulse sequence imaging is accurate and reproducible across readers. Further, greater pancreatic fat infiltration was observed in diabetic animals and it is related to the level of fasting blood glucose, which supports its use as a biomarker for diabetes risk. |
| 1936 | Computer 161
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Towards MR-based interrogation of adipose tissue pO2. |
1Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States |
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There is a significant body of evidence suggesting that adipose hypoxia triggers systematic insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Non-invasive and longitudinal characterization of adipose tissue oxygenation during adipose tissue expansion would provide critical insight into the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The major purpose of this study is to develop a non-invasive and quantitative measures of adipose oxygenation by MR. Our approach is based on exploiting the paramagnetic nature of O2 which can directly affect the lipid 1H longitudinal relaxation. We show that simple inversion recovery MR method can be potentially used for non-invasive quantification of adipose tissue hypoxia. |
| 1937 | Computer 162
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Pre-clinical fatty acid composition estimate of adipose tissue using echo planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) at 4.7T |
1Univ Lyon, INSA‐Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UJM-Saint Etienne, CNRS, Inserm, CREATIS UMR 5220, U1206, F69621, Lyon, France, Lyon, France |
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This pilot study performed on a preclinical system at 4.7T shows the feasibility of using the echo planar spectroscopic imaging sequence (EPSI with a spin echo) to quantify the fatty acid composition. This sequence permitted to image separately each resonating component of fat spectrum. The signal of the EPSI sequence was compared with more standard spectroscopic sequence used for the fatty acid quantification (PRESS). The quantification results from the EPSI sequence on calibrated phantom were consistent with gas chromatography theoretical values. The in vivo acquisition showed a significant difference of the fatty acid composition between the subcutaneous and the visceral adipose tissue, consistent with published monovoxel results. |
| 1938 | Computer 163
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Can MRI Determined ectopic pancreatic fat and volume be used as a discriminant marker to screen for diabetics. |
1Medanta Hospital, South City 2, India |
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By identifying |
| 1939 | Computer 164
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Non-invasive assessment of early stage diabetic nephropathy by BOLD and DTI MRI |
1Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan university, guangzhou, China, 2GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, China |
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Although the specific pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not yet been clearly elucidated, it has been acknowledged that the development of kidney hypoxia is an early manifestation of the diabetic kidney. In past decades, blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) imaging was extensively applied to assess the tissue oxygenation levels, and diffusion imaging was demonstrated the capacity of detecting the tissue damage induced by acute or chronic hypoxia. Hence, to test whether the early DN patients can be detected using both BOLD and diffusion tensor imaging, in current study, patients with diabetes mellitus, diabetic nephropathy and Health volunteers were analyzed. |
| 1940 | Computer 165
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Assessing variability in MRI-based quantitative measurements of body fat in patients with NASH |
1Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 2Pattern Recognition Lab, Department of Computer Science, Friedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, 3Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States, 4Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 5MR Applications Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 6Center for Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States, 7Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States |
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NASH is a common cause of chronic liver disease, and is closely associated with other metabolic derangements; quantifying types of fat (saturated, mono-unsaturated, poly-unsaturated) in the body may provide insights into metabolism. We assessed a chemical-shift encoded MRI technique for quantifying types of fat in various depots. Inter-reader repeatability in the subcutaneous tissues and retroperitoneum was high (mean 0.86-0.90), and similar to PDFF (mean 0.89). Correlation between fat types was moderate to strong between non-liver fat depots, and weaker and inconsistent between liver and non-liver fat depots. |
| 1941 | Computer 166
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Proton density fat fraction mapping for tracking tissue changes under weight loss in cancer cachexia |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technische Universität München, München, Germany, 2Department of Surgery, Technische Universität München, München, Germany |
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Cancer cachexia, a multifactorial wasting syndrome, affects up to 50% of cancer patients and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Proton density fat fraction (PDFF) mapping based on a multi-echo gradient echo acquisition enables spatially-resolved fat quantification and can help characterize tissue changes during the course of cancer cachexia. This study investigates changes in volume and PDFF metrics of adipose tissue induced by weight loss in cancer cachexia. |
| 1942 | Computer 167
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MRS-based water T2 relaxation time in the supraclavicular fossa relates to anthropometric and imaging obesity markers |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany, 2Institute for Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany |
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The development of non-invasive imaging biomarkers for the detection and quantification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) remains an active research field thanks to the potential implications of BAT activation in treatment of metabolic dysfunction. BAT is known to be characterized by the presence of iron-rich mitochondria, increased oxygenation and denser vasculature compared to white adipose tissue. All above BAT characteristics would be expected to affect the T2 relaxation time of water within BAT. The present work aims to show the feasibility of measuring water-only T2 relaxation times using single-voxel MRS in the human supraclavicular fossa and to characterize the relationship of water T2 values to other metabolic and imaging parameters. |
| 1943 | Computer 168
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Changes of hepatocellular lipids and phosphorus metabolite content in diabetes patients over 5 years after diagnosis |
1Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research, Düsseldorf, Germany, 2German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), München-Neuherberg, Germany, 3Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany |
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This study aimed at monitoring possible changes in hepatocellular lipids, γ-adenosine triphosphate and inorganic phosphate contents using 1H- and 31P-MRS in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus in the 1st year and at 5 years after diagnosis. Hepatocellular lipids content was higher at the 5-year follow-up in type 2, but not in type 1 diabetes patients. Diabetes patients generally exhibited decreases of phosphorus metabolites during the first 5 years of the disease. |
| 1944 | Computer 169
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Development of liver surface nodularity quantification program and its clinical application in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease |
1Medical Convergence Research Center, Iksan, Korea, Republic of |
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the United States and its prevalence is reported to between 10% and 30%. NAFLD comprises a wide spectrum of liver damage, ranging from macrovesicular steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Liver biopsy has been regarded as the reference standard for diagnosing hepatic inflammation, fibrosis and cirrhosis in NAFLD. There is an unmet need for widely applicable non-invasive methods to diagnose advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Recently, liver surface nodularity (LSN) based on CT images is used to diagnose and stage a variety of liver disease in chronic liver disease, and is predictive of cirrhosis decompensation and death. The liver morphological changes in relation to fibrosis stage in NAFLD have not yet been clearly identified. Our study developed a MRI-suitable LSN quantification program and compared the fibrosis grades in NAFLD. |
| 1945 | Computer 170
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Accuracy of proton magnetic resonance technique for diagnosing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a meta-analysis |
1Medical Convergence Research Center, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea, Republic of, 2Medical Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea, Republic of, 3Radiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea, Republic of |
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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rapidly increasing health problem in world wide. NAFLD comprises a wide spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple macrovesicular steatosis, liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Liver biopsy has been regarded as the reference standard for diagnosing hepatic inflammation, fibrosis and cirrhosis in NAFLD. A subset non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the early stage of progression that develops to cirrhosis in 15-25% of patients and can lead to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, non-invasive diagnostics of NASH are clinically important issue and are warranted. Recently, considerable effort is underway to identify screening strategies that non-invasively diagnose NASH using a variety of techniques such as laboratory tests and imaging techniques. Up to date, there are several published studies using serum biochemical tests, ultrasound and CT, however there was no strong evidence in clinical practice. In this study, the diagnostic accuracy in NAFLD using 1H MR modality have not yet been clearly identified. Our meta-analysis study was estimated the accuracy of 1H MRI on this topic, non-invasively diagnosing NASH. |
| 1946 | Computer 171
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Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion weighted imaging in Renal Function Assessment of Diabetic Nephropathy – A Preliminary Study |
1AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF SHAANXI UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE MEDICINE, Xianyang, China, 2Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany, 3MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthcare, Xi'an, Xi'an, China |
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the renal microstructural changes in patients with diabetic nephropathy using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging. IVIM could be used to indicate the changes of renal function of diabetic nephropathy patients, especially in renal cortex. The changes of renal function were found to be positively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate. Thus IVIM could deliver useful information for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. |
| 1947 | Computer 172
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3D hepatocyte fraction index using 3D look locker |
1Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2Division of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan, 3Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, 4Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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The Hepatocyte Fraction index (HeFra), which is based on a simple pharmacokinetic model, can quantitatively estimate the fraction of hepatocytes. It is calculated from R1 change between pre contrast and hepatobiliary phases. 2D look locker (LL) has been used to calculate T1 value in HeFra studies, but covers only a single slice in one breath hold. Clinically 3D scanning is preferable to get a wider coverage of the liver. Therefore, we optimized the imaging parameters of 3D LL. T1 value and HeFra using the optimized 3D LL were the same as those of 2D LL in subjects under T1 1400ms. |
| 1948 | Computer 173
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Fat-Water Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reveals Dynamic Alterations in Brown Adipose Tissue Lipid Content During Cold Exposure |
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, United States |
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Fat-water MRI (FWMRI) provides a powerful means of exploring changes in the lipid content of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in response to cold exposure. Most previous FWMRI studies of changes in BAT's fat signal fraction (FSF) have done so only before and after cold exposure, however, and studies have used different FSF thresholds for defining BAT. Here, we show that in healthy young men, cold exposure elicits varied responses in BAT FSF, with areas of higher initial lipid content undergoing a net lipid depletion and areas of lower initial lipid content undergoing a net lipid accumulation. |
| 1949 | Computer 174
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Simultaneous Assessment of Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Lactate and [13C]Bicarbonate with Fly-Back Echo Planar Imaging |
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, 3Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 4Electrical Engineering, UT Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States |
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In this study, we designed a spectral-spatial radiofrequency pulse that excites hyperpolarized [13C]bicarbonate and [1-13C]lactate peaks simultaneously while suppressing [1-13C]alanine, [1-13C]pyruvate and [1-13C]pyruvate hydrate signal. In combination with multi-shot fly-back echo planar imaging readout, the excited bicarbonate and lactate images can be spatially separated with an appropriate echo-spacing. The proposed method was validated by a phantom study, and tested in vivo using healthy Wistar rats with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. |
| 1950 | Computer 175
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Correlation between multi-parameters and the proportion of bone marrow plasma cells in focal lesions of multiple myeloma in whole body DWI combined with T1-Dixon |
1Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, 2Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China, 3Philips Healthcare, beijing, China |
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Purpose: To investigate the correlation between multi-parameters of focal lesions and the ratio of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) by using whole body DWI and T1-mDIXON imaging in patients with multiple myeloma. Materials and Method:41 patients were collected with pathologically confirmed multiple myeloma from February 2015 to June 2018 including 21 males of aged 46-66 years (55.6+10.1 years) and 20 females of aged 42-66 years old (49.1±9.9 years). All patients underwent whole body DWI and T1-mDIXON examination before treatment based on a 3T MR scanner (Ingenia, Philips, Best, The Netherland). The ratio of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC) was examined by bone marrow smear. The focal lesions of the Anterior superior iliac spine were detected and the corresponding ADC value, fat signal intensity (Mfat) and water signal intensity (Mwater) were extracted. The fat fraction (FF) was also calculated by dividing the signal intensity in the fat image by the corresponding in-phase mDIXON image. The Spearman correlation test was performed to evaluate the correlation between the above parameters of focal lesions with the ratio of BMPC. Result: There was high positive correlations between ADC value and BMPC ratio (r=0.776) as well as between the Mwater and BMPC ratio (r=0.985). And there was high negative correlations between Mfat and BMPC ratio (r=-0.985) as well as the FF and the BMPC ratio (r=-0.985). Discussion：DWI help to increase the lesion detection through qualitative assessment and can furtherly increase the diagnostic confidence of focal lesions by using ADC measurements. After multiple myeloma cells invading the bone marrow, the normal structure of the bone marrow is destroyed and osteolytic changes are formed. The increase in the number of tumor cells leads to an increase in normal bone marrow destruction, which leads to a decrease in extracellular space and a severe osteolytic change, which could be represented by ADC values. Due the increasing of water content and the destruction of normal fat cells in the bone marrow, Mfat and FF decreased as the bone marrow invasion developed. Conclusion：There is a high correlation between Mfat, Mwater, FF value, ADC value and the ratio of bone marrow plasma cells, which is beneficial for assessing the degree of bone marrow invasion. |
| 1951 | Computer 1
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Phase contrast coronary blood velocity mapping with both high temporal and spatial resolution using Golden Angle rotated Spiral k-t Sparse Parallel imaging (GASSP) |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Coronary phase contrast MRI for accurate measurement of coronary blood flow requires high spatial resolution due to the small vessel size, and high temporal resolution due to cardiac motion, especially of the right coronary artery (RCA). This study uses golden angle rotated spiral k-t sparse parallel imaging (GASSP) to accelerate the acquisition to achieve both high spatial and high temporal resolution in a breath-hold. GASSP was validated in the stationary popliteal artery (knee) and then implemented in the RCA. GASSP achieved high image quality throughout the cardiac cycle and popliteal peak velocity and mean-square error compared favorably to gold standard. |
| 1952 | Computer 2
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High spatiotemporal resolution cones 4D flow using memory-efficient iterative reconstruction |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 3Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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4D flow MRI enables comprehensive cardiovascular assessment, but is limited by long acquisition times and motion corruption. Non-Cartesian sampling strategies, such as radial and cones, exhibit excellent aliasing properties that allow reduced scan times and improve motion robustness. However, trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolution are necessary due to computational burden of iterative 4D non-Cartesian reconstruction. This has restricted cones 4D flow to low temporal resolution venous applications. Here we present a memory-efficient iterative reconstruction utilizing batch processing to enable arbitrary spatiotemporal resolution. We demonstrate feasibility of sub-millimeter, 30 cardiac phase cones 4D flow for coronary artery and valvular assessment. |
| 1953 | Computer 3
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Dual-Venc 4D Spiral Imaging of Aortic Flows |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States, 2Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY, United States, 3Philips Health Care, Gainesville, FL, United States, 4Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States |
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Dual-Venc is a technique for MR flow imaging which uses two Vencs to acquire a cardiac cycle, improving diastolic data. Dual Venc 4D flow with spiral readouts was used to image the outflow tract and through the aortic valve in both phantom and patients with severe aortic stenosis. In-vitro model of the aortic arch included a calcific polymeric valve which behaved physiologically. The results of in-vitro and in-vivo scans show that 4D Spiral Dual-Venc Flow is comparable in results to 4D Cartesian Flow in systole, while improving diastolic data, and reducing scan time by 30% to 50%. |
| 1954 | Computer 4
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Pseudo spiral compressed sensing accelerated whole-heart 4D flow MRI: validation against EPI readout |
1Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location AMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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4D flow MRI facilitates detailed evaluation of cardiac hemodynamics in patients with cardiovascular disease. In this study, we investigated the performance of pseudo spiral compressed sensing (CS) accelerated whole-heart 4D flow MRI in a comparison with a clinically used EPI readout. CS-accelerated 4D flow MRI yielded similar results to EPI-accelerated 4D flow MRI in terms of velocity vector fields during ventricular ejection and filling and led to consistent blood flow measurements across heart valves. Our data suggest that CS 4D flow MRI has the potential to be accelerated even further for quantitative whole-heart hemodynamic imaging. |
| 1955 | Computer 5
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Self-gated 5-minute whole-heart 4D flow imaging |
1Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Siemens Medical Solutions, USA, Columbus, OH, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 5Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States |
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4D flow imaging can provide comprehensive hemodynamical analysis of blood flow through the heart and great vessels; however, acquiring 4D flow images with whole-heart coverage is prohibitively time-consuming. In this work we describe a highly accelerated and fully self-gated whole-heart 4D flow acquisition and reconstruction methodology. Additionally, we show proof-of-concept of a fully self-gated 5-minute whole-heart 4D flow exam and demonstrate good agreement in aortic flow quantification compared to conventional 2D phase contrast. |
| 1956 | Computer 6
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A NOVEL MATLAB TOOLBOX FOR PROCESSING 4D FLOW MRI DATA |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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Current software used to process 4D Flow MRI data only allow to quantify a few hemodynamics parameters. Furthermore, the information of these parameters is normally given in a few 2D locations. In this work, we show the development of a novel, free and editable MATLAB toolbox (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA) called FEMQ-4D that allows the quantification of several hemodynamic parameters in 3D using finite elements (FE) methods. As a complement to this tool, the output of FEMQ-4D, i.e 3D maps of hemodynamic parameters, can be visualized using the open source software |
| 1957 | Computer 7
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REPRODUCIBILITY OF A SINGLE FINITE ELEMENT METHODOLOGY USED TO CALCULATE SEVERAL CARDIOVASCULAR PARAMETERS FROM 4D FLOW MRI DATA. |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Department of Structural and Geotechnical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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Several cardiovascular parameters can be calculated using multiple approaches from 4D flow MRI data. |
| 1958 | Computer 8
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Accelerated 4D flow MRI using a Low-Rank Tensor reconstruction |
1Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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4D flow MRI provides visualization and quantification of complex blood flow. However, the inherent high dimensionality leads to long acquisition times. In this work, 4D flow MRI was accelerated using the novel Low-Rank Tensor framework. To reduce the amount of unknowns, the 4D flow dataset is approximated by a Tucker decomposition, whose components are obtained from navigator and sparse data with iterative optimization exploiting sparsity after variable k-space undersampling. Using this technique, 4D flow MRI acquisition could be accelerated up to 20 times (flow phantom) and 8 times (in-vivo), while preserving measurement accuracy of high velocity magnitudes and cardiac variability. |
| 1959 | Computer 9
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Wearable Seismocardiography as a Quick Screen for Thoracic Aorta Flow Abnormalities Necessitating 4D Flow MRI |
1Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 2Anesthesiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 4Radiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Seismocardiography, the measurement and analysis of forces and accelerations from the beating heart that propagate through the chest wall, can yield insights about cardiac and hemodynamic health. In subjects with pathological or deranged blood flow in the thoracic aorta, the characteristics of SCG accelerations change as a result of the altered flow. Here, we use 4D flow MRI to investigate the specific SCG changes that are associated with abnormal aortic flow, and we consider the potential to use SCG as a quick screen for need of a comprehensive 4D flow MR examination. |
| 1960 | Computer 10
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Valvular flow imaging in the era of feature-tracking: Pilot study to measure mitral flow |
1Department of Clinical Physiology, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, Faculty of Engineering, Lund, Sweden, 3Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 4Department of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 5Department of Cardiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Magnetic resonance imaging of the mitral valve is challenging since the valve moves in and out of the image plane during the cardiac cycle. To more accurately measure mitral flow, a phase contrast sequence that uses offline feature-tracking of the valve in the long-axis view is proposed. The tracking result is exported to the scanner, allowing the slice position to change in real-time based on the cardiac phase. The slice-following sequence outperformed the conventional sequence when quantifying regurgitant volumes. Hence, the new sequence is a promising method for improving the accuracy of trans-valvular flow. |
| 1961 | Computer 11
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Time Resolved 4D Flow MRI Quantification without Segmentation |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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4D flow sequences enable the acquisition of time resolved velocity fields over an averaged cardiac cycle. Flow quantification and velocity profile analysis typically requires manual segmentation and plane placement, which can lead to inaccuracies with lack of reproducibility and large post-processing times. Improving upon the semi-automated, 4D flow post-processing techniques with the application of centerline labeling and k-means based segmentation, here we propose a fully automated, time-resolved flow quantification method which utilizes flow as a function of distance instead of segmentation. This method may further decrease the time involved with 4D flow processing and increase the agreement with manual segmentation. |
| 1962 | Computer 12
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Deep Spatiotemporal Phase Unwrapping of Phase-Contrast MRI Data |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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This work demonstrates the advantage temporal information provides for deep phase unwrapping of phase-contrast MRI data. Using a patch-based, three-dimensional ResNet architecture, our model performs better than state-of-the-art single-step algorithms. Our deep spatiotemporal phase unwrapping model continues the quest to lower Venc values to increase dynamic range and velocity-to-noise ratio (VNR) of 4D flow data by providing a robust method for phase unwrapping. |
| 1963 | Computer 13
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Accelerated Carotid 4D flow MRI with Multicontrast HD-PROST Reconstruction |
1School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2ISR-Lisboa/LARSyS and Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico – Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, 3MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimely, United Kingdom, 4Hospital da Luz Learning Health, Lisbon, Portugal |
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4D flow MRI is time consuming, since it requires the acquisition of time-resolved images with three-directional velocity encoding. Undersampled reconstruction techniques have been proposed to accelerate 4D flow carotid imaging, however scan time remains lengthily for high-resolution acquisitions. In this work, we propose to further accelerate 4D flow carotid MR imaging by exploiting patch-based similarities in local, non-local and multi-contrast dimensions with high-dimensional patch-based undersampled reconstruction (HD-PROST). The results show similar velocities for both k-t SENSE and the proposed HD-PROST, however higher precision was obtained with HD-PROST. |
| 1964 | Computer 14
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Effect of inflow and in-plane saturation in SASHA and MOLLI T1 and T1* maps in a perfusion phantom and in-vivo |
1Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 2Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of flow on blood T1 measurement considering inflow of non-inverted spins. Experiments using a flow phantom demonstrate shorter T1 for increasing flow velocity, with high reproducibility. In-vivo measurements show major variations throughout the cardiac cycle, validating the flow sensitivity observed in phantom measurements. |
| 1965 | Computer 15
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Fetal whole-heart 4D blood flow visualisation using motion-corrected multi-planar real-time PC-bSSFP MRI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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Measurement of blood flow in the fetal heart and the great vessels is challenging due to fetal motion and small vessel sizes. 2D methods for fetal flow imaging require significant slice piloting to locate the vessels, and small changes in fetal position can often necessitate reacquisition. In this work, we demonstrate the potential for motion-corrected whole-heart 4D flow imaging in the fetus using stacks of highly accelerated 2D bSSFP slices, which are inherently sensitive to velocity. Real-time acquired images were aligned in space and cardiac phase, and vectorially combined to yield time-resolved flow information. |
| 1966 | Computer 16
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Fully dimensional vessel segmentation in non-contrast-enhanced 3D PC-MRI image data. |
1Department of Computer Science, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Institute for Imaging Science and Computational Modeling in Cardiovascular Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany, 3Department of Pediatric Cardiology, German Heart Center, Munich, Germany |
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Fully dimensional (spatial + temporal) segmentation of blood vessels is crucial to perform 3D PC-MRI based quantitative characterization of hemodynamics. However, most prior works neglect the temporal movement of vessels, making it a 3D-only segmentation problem. Therefore, the objective of this work was to show feasibility of a deformable-registration-based algorithm for 4D segmentation of the aorta. Performance of the proposed algorithm proved to be acceptable, with overall Dice index and Hausdorff distance of 0.86±0.04 and 3.63±0.75 mm, respectively. |
| 1967 | Computer 17
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Computational metrics for quantitative characterization of vortical flow patterns based on 3D PC-MRI data. |
1Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany, 2Institute for Imaging Science and Computational Modeling in Cardiovascular Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany, 3Fraunhofer Institute for Medical Image Computing, Bremen, Germany, 4German Heart Center, Berlin, Germany |
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Vortices and helices are crucial features of hemodynamic flow. Such structures may define new clinically relevant biomarkers when assessing cardiovascular pathologies mediated by abnormal flow patterns (e.g. aneurysm formation). Thus, retrieving such structures in time-resolved and velocity-encoded 3D PC-MRI image data is of tremendous interest. However, prior studies only focused on a voxel-wise identification, and are lacking meaningful quantitative metrics which characterize the full vortical flow pattern. The objective of this work is to propose metrics for fully automated detection and quantitative characterization of vortical flow patterns in the aorta. |
| 1968 | Computer 18
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An application of the myocardial strain analysis method based on the deformation registration algorithm (DRA) in heart transplantation |
1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 3MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China., Shanghai, China |
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With the development of cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR), there have been various methods to quantify myocardium. As a novel method, deformation registration algorithm (DRA) has been confirmed in many cardiac diseases. In this article, we use this method to analyze the wall deformation of orthotopic heart transplantation(HTx). We found that though left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have no significant difference between the HTx patients and the healthy volunteers, the left ventricular (LV) peak longitudinal strain (LV Ell) and LV peak systolic longitudinal strain rate have significant decrease in HTx patients, indicating that the ventricular deformation is more sensitive than LVEF in response to the myocardial diseases. |
| 1969 | Computer 19
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How gating affects 2D phase contrast flow in the ascending aorta at 7.0T MRI |
1Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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2D phase contrast MRI offers a fast method for blood flow evaluation in the ascending aorta which can be used for estimation of left ventricular function. With proper ECG or acoustic triggering, forward flow in the aortic root (FFAo) should resemble left ventricular stroke volume (LVSV) in absence of valve disease. However, for ultra-high field strengths (≥7.0T) flow parameters in the ascending aorta derived from phase contrast have not yet been validated. Our results suggest that accurate gating reduces cardiac motion artifacts for 7.0T to an extent where LVSV can be estimated reliably based on FFAo in phase contrast sequences. |
| 1970 | Computer 20
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Objective extraction of the temporal evolution of the mitral valve vortex ring from 4D flow MRI |
1Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2Institute of Medical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria, 3Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 4Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 5Computer Vision Center, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, 6Research and Development, Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics GmbH, Graz, Austria |
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The mitral valve vortex ring is a promising flow structure for analysis of diastolic function, however, methods for objective extraction of its formation to dissolution are lacking. We present a novel algorithm for objective extraction of the temporal evolution of the mitral valve vortex ring from magnetic resonance 4D flow data and validated the method against visual analysis. The algorithm successfully extracted mitral valve vortex rings during both early- and late-diastolic filling and agreed substantially with visual assessment. Early-diastolic mitral valve vortex ring properties differed between healthy subjects and patients with ischemic heart disease. |
| 1971 | Computer 21
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Phantom for Phase-Contrast MRI Sequence Validation and Quality Control |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany, 3Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 4Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany |
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Systematic assessment and optimization of 2D Phase-Contrast (PC) MRI as well as 4D flow MRI sequences require reliable phantoms that can create known velocity fields with large velocity ranges corresponding to different cardiovascular regions. An air-driven rotation phantom was constructed and its performance in establishing well-defined velocity fields at different rotational speeds was examined using 3-directional 2D PC MRI acquisitions. Furthermore, the reproducibility of the phantom was examined with a test-retest experiment on two different days. It was demonstrated that the phantom could create reproducible linear velocity fields to be used as a reference for in-vitro validation of PC MRI sequence. |
| 1972 | Computer 22
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Experimental Validation of 4D Flow MRI for the Assessment of Flow Dynamics within a Patient-Specific Intracranial Aneurysm Model using Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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4D flow MRI has shown to be a feasible tool for assessing hemodynamics in different vascular territories with high spatial resolution. This study aimed to compare velocity components and magnitudes within a patient-specific intracranial aneurysm in-vitro model using 4D Flow MRI and a ground truth experimental technique, tomographic particle image velocimetry (tomo-PIV). Tomo-PIV offers higher temporal and spatial resolution allowing the assessment of intra-cycle differences caused by pulsatile flow. This analysis was done to assess the ability of 4D Flow MRI to capture the complex flows within an intracranial aneurysm considering the cardiac cycle averaging of the data. |
| 1973 | Computer 23
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Influence of respiration-induced B0 variations in real-time phase contrast MRI of the cerebrospinal fluid |
1Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, 2Philips Healthcare Deutschland, Hamburg, Germany |
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The error induced by susceptibility changes due to respiration in the measurement of CSF flow was investigated. Real-time dynamic B0 measurements and PCMRI images of 10 healthy subjects were acquired. A good agreement was found between both acquisitions. B0 amplitudes and temporal shifts with respect to respiration signals showed dependencies on echo times, temporal distances between phase contrast images and subjects. Resulting errors between 0.4 and 41 % in PCMRI images were shown in simulations. In conclusion, the present work demonstrates that B0 variations during respiration may have a confounding effect when estimating respiration dependent flow in CSF. |
| 1974 | Computer 24
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Analysis of Velocity Component Distribution and Cardiac Phase in Aortic Dissection False Lumen 3D Printed Models Using In Vitro 4D Flow MRI |
1Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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False lumen hemodynamics is an important factor in aortic dissection progression. As a methodology to further characterize false lumen velocities, two patient-specific 3D printed models underwent 4D Flow MRI, from which histograms of velocity components were generated at several locations along the lumen. Two VENC settings were used and the data was grouped in diastole and systole. Histograms of normal and tangential components serve as descriptors of flow regimes and offer the possibility to correlate with thrombus formation and clinical progression. VENC is important especially for the assessment of tangential components. |
| 1975 | Computer 25
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Voxel-wise comparison of CFD and 4DMR results in the cerebral venous outflow tract of a pulsatile tinnitus patient |
1Radiology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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To investigate abnormal hemodynamics in pulsatile tinnitus patients in vivo, we use 4DMR. We also use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to overcome 4DMR’s limited spatial and temporal resolution. To ensure the simulation actually reflects in vivo blood flow, we systematically adjust the simulation boundary conditions to match the CFD and 4DMR data. This requires downsampling CFD data to 4DMR resolution and a quantitative voxel-wise comparison. Our results suggest 4DMR underestimates velocities in vivo due to its resolution. This effect is confirmed by phantom 4DMR data taken at multiple resolutions. |
| 1976 | Computer 26
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Velocity transfer function in the right pulmonary artery correlates with right ventricular remodeling and pulmonary functional impairments in COPD |
1Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States, 2Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States, 3Valley Medical Group, Paramus, NJ, United States |
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with pulmonary artery (PA) hypertension (PH), however a mild to moderate PH is frequently not identified on non-invasive testing in COPD patients. The novel non-invasive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived parameter, velocity transfer function (VTF), has been recently shown to correlate with invasive PA impedance. Here, we tested the VTF to evaluate its association with clinical/pulmonary functional indices and RV remodeling in patients in early COPD. We found that elevated VTF mean high frequency modulus was associated with major clinical and functional criteria indicating cardiovascular/respiratory dysfunction, which may link to PH. |
| 1977 | Computer 27
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Left and Right Heart Ventricular-Vascular Coupling in Pulmonary Venous Hypertension |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Pulmonary and Critical Care, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Cardiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Pulmonary Venous hypertension (PVH) is a life-threatening disease with a complex etiology that involves both the left and right heart. However, the mechanism of left heart dysfunction as a precursor to changes in right heart hemodynamics and dysfunction remains unclear. Here, we assessed the complex functional-hemodynamic coupling between the left and right heart and pulmonary arteries. We investigated the association of LV and RV function with advanced 4D Flow MRI hemodynamic metrics of volumetric viscous energy loss, kinetic energy and vorticity in the right heart and pulmonary arteries in PVH patients. |
| 1978 | Computer 28
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Is Right Ventricular Kinetic Energy Correlated with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Outcome? |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Many patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot require additional pulmonary valve replacement surgery later in life. Previous 4D flow MRI studies have suggested that right ventricular kinetic energy may be a useful biomarker in this patient population. In this long-term follow-up study, kinetic energy measurements derived from 4D flow MRI were compared with each patient’s need for pulmonary valve replacement surgery in the next decade. Patients who did not need surgery showed significantly higher stroke volume index normalized by kinetic energy than those who required surgery, suggesting this parameter may have some prognostic value in this application. |
| 1979 | Computer 29
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Blood Flow Alterations in Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot Adult Patients: Preserved blood flow distribution and altered flow biomarkers. |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital disorder which is treated by surgical repair. This study aimed to investigate alterations in blood flow in adults with repaired TOF. We hypothesized that abnormal remodeling of the right heart and the PA following surgical repair leads to impaired blood flow distribution, increased wall shear stress (WSS), greater energy loss (EL) and greater pressure drop (PD) in rTOF adults. This study contributes towards the understanding of blood flow hemodynamics after surgical repair. |
| 1980 | Computer 30
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Comparing Regional Left Ventricular Flow and Myocardial Strain after Myocardial Infarction |
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 4Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States, 5Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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This work employed time-resolved (4D) flow cardiac MRI and feature-tracking myocardial strain to characterize the relationship between left ventricular (LV) strain and kinetic energy after myocardial infarction. Kinetic energy indexed to end diastolic volume in the LV apex varied directly with peak radial strain in the LV apex, and with global LV ejection fraction. This method of regional analysis may be of clinical use in characterizing LV contractile and hemodynamic function in the post MI population. |
| 1981 | Computer 31
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Quantitative MRI detects impaired vascular reactivity in women after preeclamptic pregnancy |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States |
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Large body of evidence suggests maternal endothelial dysfunction (EDF) has a central role in the development of preeclampsia, the most serious hypertensive pregnancy disorder that significantly increases risk for future cardiovascular diseases. Because pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains within 72 hrs of delivery of the placenta, the quantification of surrogate MRI markers of EDF was performed after birth in women with and without hypertensive pregnancy. The quantitative MRI protocol evaluates peripheral micro- and macrovascular reactivity and central arterial stiffness in a single scan session. Preliminary results show a trend of impaired vascular reactivity after hypertensive pregnancy relative to normotensive pregnancy. |
| 1982 | Computer 32
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Pulmonary Artery 3D Wall Shear Stress is Lower in Patients with WHO Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension |
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) are known to have altered pulmonary artery (PA) hemodynamics in addition to differing PA pressures measured using invasive right heart catherization. 4D flow MRI can provide information about PA hemodynamics, such as 3D wall shear stress that might be useful in diagnosis or grading of PHTN. Previous work on WSS used manually placed planes for evaluating regional WSS, we derive WSS metrics over the entire vessel. 3D WSS measurements in the PA were significantly different between a cohort of patients with WHO group 2 PHTN and healthy controls and were correlated with catheter-based pressure measurements. |
| 1983 | Computer 33
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Displaced aortic flow and increased circumferential wall shear stress associate with ascending aortic dilatation in tricuspid aortic valve patients – a prospective clinical study |
1Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland, 2Heart and Thoracic surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland, 3Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Oulu University, Oulu, Finland |
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Four-dimensional (4D) flow was measured in 20 patients with dilated ascending aorta (AA) and in 20 controls. Aortic flow was displaced from the center line of the AA in patients with AA dilatation. Flow displacement was present in the proximal and tubular parts of AA. Total wall shear stress (WSS) was higher on the displaced side compared to the opposite side of the aorta. The circumferential WSS (WSSC) ratio to total WSS was higher in the inner curvature of dilated AA in the proximal part and WSSc was elevated in the whole aortic ring in the distal part of AA. |
| 1984 | Computer 34
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Association Between Aortic Flow and Myocardial Motion Velocity in Patients with Marfan Syndrome |
1National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, 3National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan |
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We aimed to explore the possible correlation between aortic flow and myocardial motion in Marfan syndrome (MFS) patients. MFS group presented lower mean velocity and higher retrograde flow in the ascending aorta (AAo). MFS group also exhibited lower basal systolic Vz and diastolic Vr, higher diastolic Vz, and prolonged diastolic TTPz. The mean velocity showed positive correlation with basal systolic Vz, diastolic Vz, and diastolic Vr. The retrograde flow was correlated with basal diastolic TTPz. In conclusion, the correlation between aortic flow and myocardial motion in MFS patients might provide helpful information in long-term surveillance in MFS patients. |
| 1985 | Computer 35
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Non-Invasive Evaluation of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Pulmonary Blood Flow Dynamics using 4D Flow MRI in Pediatric Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Patients |
1Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States, 2Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States, 3Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States, 4Bioengineering, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Acute vasodilatory reactivity (AVR) using right heart catheterization is a necessary component of a diagnostic PAH evaluation. The aim of this study was to non-invasively evaluate AVR hemodynamic changes in pediatric patients with PAH using 4D flow MRI. We have shown that post-iNO treatment in pediatric PAH patients, peak velocity and peak wall shear stress were increased. Future studies in larger cohorts of PAH pediatric patients are needed to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of non-invasive AVR in comparison to gold standard right heart catheterization. |
| 1986 | Computer 36
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Interaction between pulmonary flow and myocardial motion in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 4Department of Pediatrics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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We aimed to investigate the interaction between pulmonary flow and myocardial motion in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). The 4D flow MRI and tissue phase mapping were employed to quantify the pulmonary flow and myocardial motion velocity, respectively. The pulmonary retrograde flow was correlated with left ventricular (LV) peak diastolic longitudinal velocity and time-to-peak (Vz and TTPz) in rTOF patients. Pulmonary pulsatility index was correlated with diastolic RV TTPr and LV TTPz. In conclusion, the correlation between abnormal pulmonary artery flow and altered myocardial motion may provide helpful information in evaluating the cardiac function in rTOF patients. |
| 1987 | Computer 37
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Potential impact of pulmonary area on retrograde flow and pressure difference in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 4Department of Pediatrics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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The residual pulmonary regurgitation can lead to heart failure in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). We aimed to explore the possible impact of pulmonary area on pulmonary retrograde flow and pressure. Patients with rTOF presented higher retrograde flow than normal controls. The area ratio correlated with with retrograde flow in rTOF patients. Negative correlations between area ratio and pressure difference was also presented in patients. In conclusion, pulmonary area was correlated with retrograde flow and pressure difference in rTOF patients. The information of appropriate pulmonary area ratio might be helpful for treating the pulmonary stenosis in patients with rTOF. |
| 1988 | Computer 38
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Turbulent Kinetic energy assessment of HOCM by using Multi-VENC 4D Flow MRI |
1Radiology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 2Cardiology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan, 3Radiology, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan, 4Philips Electronics Japan Ltd., Tokyo, Japan |
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The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between TKE derived from 4D Flow MRI and LVOT gradient measured by US in the patients with HOCM. We recruited 3 volunteers, and 10 patients who were diagnosed as HOCM by cardiac ultrasound examination. The TKEsum and TKEpeak of HOCM group were higher than those of volunteers (107.0±25.0mJ vs. 39.2±8.7mJ, p=0.025; 15.5±3.8mJ vs. 4.1±0.6mJ, p=0.025). There was no significant correlation between each two TKE value and LOVT gradient (p=0.203, p=0.556, respectively). The TKE can clearly reveal the flow characteristics of HOCM and may provide different value form established US measurement. |
| 1989 | Computer 39
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Toward a new Aneurysm Classification Framework: Initial Report on Stationary Spatial Blood Flow Pattern in Small Intracranial Aneurysms based on Submillimetric 4D Flow MRA at 7Tesla |
1Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 5Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 6Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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Asymptomatic sub 7mm intracranial aneurysms pose a difficult therapeutic challenge: left untreated these sub 7mm aneurysms may remain stable, but they also have the potential to grow in size or rupture causing a devastating subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Pre-emptive treatment (surgical or endovascular) however carries non-negligible morbidity and mortality risks, which often are greater than the risk of rupture if left untreated. Here introduce the use of stationary flow patterns for a robust analysis of sub millimetric 4D Flow MRI . |
| 1990 | Computer 40
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Hemodynamic Evaluation for Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Hypertension Patients Using 4D Flow MRI |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Lab of Imaging Processing and Analysis, Depart of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 3Department of MR, Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4Vascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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We collected 4D flow MRI data and right heart catheterization (RHC) data from 20 idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension (IPAH) patients and applied parameter analysis. The results indicate the difference of the flow characteristics in the main pulmonary artery (MPA) between the patients with right ventricle (RV) function loss and the patients with normal RV function. To conclude, 4D flow MRI is a good tool to detect hemodynamics and has the potential to assist in evaluating the state and the curative effect of IPAH. |
| 1991 | Computer 41
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Non-invasive estimations of turbulence driven relative pressure drops – applying the concept of virtual fields on 4D flow MRI |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, 3Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of, 4Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 5Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Departments Biomedical Engineering and Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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4D flow MRI with six-directional flow encoding has enabled the assessment of turbulent flows, including mapping of incoherent flow variance. Using such, non-invasive estimation of turbulence-driven pressure drops can be computed. Here, we present an extension of the virtual-Work-Energy-Relative-Pressure method8 for the assessment of turbulence-driven pressure drops. Using the concept of virtual fields, the method accurately assesses pressure drops over a range of stenotic valve phantoms, being validated against catheter-based measurements. With virtual probing enabling the assessment of pressure drops through complex, narrow vasculatures, the incorporation of turbulence enhances the utility of the method, enabling for refined clinical hemodynamic analysis. |
| 1992 | Computer 42
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Hemodynamics of Severely Stenosed Carotid Artery before and after Endarterectomy by 4D Flow MRI with a High Spatiotemporal Resolution |
1Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 3Bioimaging Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Korea, Republic of, 4Dept. of Thoracic and Cardio-vascular Surgery, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 5Dept. of Neurosurgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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In vitro 4D flow MRI measurements were performed for patient-specific carotid artery phantoms subject to a pulsatile flow before and after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) to secure a high-spatiotemporal resolution of 0.35 mm and 0.025 sec. As a result, we observed that the flow rate ratio of |
| 1993 | Computer 43
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Vortex Formation Time in Chinese Children: a CMR Study |
1Radiology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China, 2Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China, 3MR Research GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 4Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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Vortex formation time (VFT) is an index of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic performance, with normal values, based on echocardiography, from 3.3 to 5.5 ms in adults [1]. With the increasing intensity of vortex, the vortex ring is pinched off; this instant is defined as the vortex ring formation time. With echocardiography VFT is measured from trans-mitral inflow velocities. Although cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is the gold standard for assessing LV systolic function, its use in evaluating LV diastolic function is more limited [2]. Through-plane motion of the mitral valve results in underestimations of the peak mitral inflow velocities with standard 2D flow CMR acquisitions. 4D flow CMR analysis improves the accuracy of peak mitral inflow velocities because of its ability to track mitral valve plane motion [3]. However, vortex ring quantification with 4D flow CMR has not been widely used [4]. The VFT has not been evaluated in children and could be useful tools for assessment of diastolic function using CMR. |
| 1994 | Computer 44
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4D Flow Assessment of Aortic Valve Stenosis in a Single Breath-Hold |
1Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Electrical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 4Siemens Healthcare, Columbus, OH, United States, 5Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States |
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MRI-based 4D flow imaging is capable of yielding spatially and temporally resolved mapping of the blood velocity vector. Long acquisition times associated with 4D flow imaging limits its clinical utility. In this work, we apply a recently proposed technique, called ReVEAL4D, to perform 4D flow imaging in 19 patients with aortic valve stenosis. The peak velocity obtained using ReVEAL4D shows good agreement with both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and traditional GRAPPA-based 4D flow imaging. |
| 1995 | Computer 45
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Highly accelerated 4D flow with compressed sensing for efficient evaluation of whole-heart hemodynamics |
1Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States, 3Cardiovascular MR R&D, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Cardiovascular MR R&D, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Chicago, IL, United States, 5Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany |
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Recently, a highly accelerated compressed sensing (CS) 4D flow framework with navigator gating and retrospective ECG-gating was developed and tested in healthy volunteers and patients. This study aimed to determine the optimal protocol for high resolution (2-3 mm3) whole-heart 4D flow MRI in <8 minutes without respiratory gating, and minimization of respiratory artifacts while improving scan efficiency. |
| 1996 | Computer 46
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The assessment of aortic regurgitation using phase contrast MRI is influenced by complex flow |
1Institute of Clinical Scientist, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg, Sweden, 3Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg, Sweden |
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Assessment of aortic regurgitation (AR) severity by cardiovascular MRI can be obtained directly by phase-contrast MRI. For some AR-patients, especially those with aortic dilatation and bicuspid aortic valve, the flow profile can be highly complex displaying asymmetric outflow jets, helical vortex flow and systolic backward flow. This study showed that such complex flow influences the accuracy of the AR assessment and needs to be taken into account in clinical practice as it may compromise the decision-making and timing of surgery. |
| 1997 | Computer 47
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Highly-accelerated real-time phase-contrast and cine MRI using radial k-space sampling and compressed sensing for imaging blood flow and function in the left atrium: inter-scan reproducibility analysis |
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Standard ECG-gated phase-contrast (PC) and cine MRI methods are likely to produce non-diagnostic image quality and/or poor reproducibility in patients with atrial fibrillation due to irregular heart rhythm. One approach to address this problem is to develop highly-accelerated real-time PC and cine MRI acquisitions which are insensitive to arrhythmia. In response, we developed such methods using radial k-space sampling and compressed sensing. In this study, we sought to evaluate the inter-scan reproducibility of highly accelerated real-time PC and cine MRI methods for imaging blood flow and function in the left atrium. |
| 1998 | Computer 48
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Auto-calibrated Simultaneous Multi-Slice Pulse-Wave Velocity Imaging |
1Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany, 2Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) MR imaging is an established technique to derive aortic stiffness. The underlying phase-contrast velocity data is typically acquired during multiple breath-holds within multiple 2D planes placed perpendicularly to the aorta. In this work we investigate the application of an auto-calibrated multiband approach to simultaneously excite and acquire three slices. With this technique all data is obtained in a single breath-hold and without the need of external reference scans. Blood velocities and PWV for different MB acquisitions are compared to results obtained with a singleband approach that excites each slice separately. |
| 1999 | Computer 49
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Assessment of Pulmonary Hypertension using 4D flow and SSFP MRI |
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Right heart catheterization (RHC) is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension (PHTN). However, the use of invasive and ionizing procedures during RHC has driven research to find alternative ways for PHTN assessment using MRI. We propose time resolved 3D imaging (4D flow) and SSFP cardiac MRI as an alternative method for assessing hemodynamics for PHTN. Using One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), inter-observer variability, and post hoc analysis our findings indicate the possibility of MRI to detect hemodynamic changes among various groups of PHTN and healthy controls which could lead to successful diagnostic distinctions between groups. |
| 2000 | Computer 50
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Inter-Scanner, Inter-Software, and Inter-Reader Cross-over Interindividual Comparison of Quantitative Parameters in 4D Flow MRI |
1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany, 2Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Hamburg, Germany, 3Philips GmbH, Hamburg, Germany |
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Before introduction into clinical routine 4D Flow MRI has to be tested in larger scale studies. For data to meet quality standards for these studies various potential error sources have to be addressed. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive inter-scanner, inter-vendor, inter-individual cross-over evaluation of a 4D Flow sequence. The thoracic aorta of eight volunteers was examined on two 3T MRI-Scanners of different vendors and analyzed by two readers using three different software. While there was no significant difference between readers and MRI scanners, differences between analysis-software where beyond clinically acceptable limits. |
| 2001 | Computer 51
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Structural and functional myocardial impairments in Becker muscular dystrophy using quantitative cardiac magnetic resonance imaging |
1NMR Laboratory, Institute of Myology, NIC, Paris, France, 2NMR Laboratory, CEA, DRF, IBFJ, MIRCen, Paris, France, 3CHWAPI, Tournai, Belgium, 4Institute of Myology, Paris, France, 5NMR Laboratory, CEA, FRF, IBFJ, MIRCen, Paris, France |
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The management of cardiac involvement is central for Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) patients since heart failure represents the most frequent cause of death in this population. We performed a comprehensive CMR evaluation of functional and structural myocardial alterations encountered in a cohort of 88 BMD patients. A total of 26% of the BMD patients had a reduced ejection fraction (EF). Globally, native T1, T2 and ECV values were significantly higher in BMD patients than in healthy volunteers, even in sub-clinical phenotypes and correlated with EF. Our results encourage a more systematic inclusion of CMR in the standard of care applied to BMD patients. |
| 2002 | Computer 52
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3D whole-heart free-breathing BOOST-T2 mapping |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, London, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Healthcare, London, United Kingdom |
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Cardiac MRI enables the assessment of whole-heart anatomy with both bright-and-black-blood contrasts. Additionally, quantitative myocardial T2 mapping is an emerging technique that enables non-contrast tissue characterization. However, conventional T2 mapping is performed under breath-hold with limited spatial resolution and coverage. Moreover, anatomic and quantitative images are acquired sequentially with different geometries and at different motion states. Here, we propose a novel quantitative 3D whole-heart sequence (qBOOST-T2) which provides co-registered 3D high-resolution bright-blood, black-blood and T2 map volumes from a single free-breathing scan. qBOOST-T2 was evaluated in a standardized T1/T2 phantom and healthy subjects and compared to current gold standard techniques. |
| 2003 | Computer 53
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3D Whole-heart High-resolution Motion Compensated Joint T1/T2 Mapping |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, London, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Healthcare, London, United Kingdom |
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Tissue characterization including identification and quantification of fibrosis and oedema plays an important role in many myocardial diseases. Conventionally T1 and T2 maps are acquired sequentially under several breath-holds. These approaches however achieve limited spatial resolution and coverage. Furthermore, partial volume effects at water-fat interfaces may affect the T1 and T2 quantification. In this work, we propose a free-breathing high-resolution whole-heart joint T1 and T2 mapping sequence with Dixon encoding which provides co-registered 3D T1 and T2 maps and complementary 3D fat images. |
| 2004 | Computer 54
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Imaging myocardial reperfusion injury using cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping |
1Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 3Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 4Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 5Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 6Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 7Surgery, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States |
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Hemorrhage is a frequent complication of reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction (MI). This study investigated reperfusion injury with respect to the duration of myocardial ischemia by analyzing magnetic susceptibility, an endogenous imaging biomarker of tissue iron, in a large animal model. We demonstrate with cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), there is a significant shift in infarct tissue magnetic susceptibility with longer time-to-reperfusion and non-reperfused infarcts compared to remote myocardium which correlates with iron content and infarct pathophysiology. |
| 2005 | Computer 55
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T1 is significantly higher in myocardial T1 when measured during free breathing than at inspiration |
1Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom |
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Release of breath hold results in misalignment of the myocardium during cardiac T1 mapping. Several registration methods have been developed to overcome this [1][2][3], however, it has not been established whether the process of respiration effects myocardial T1 when mapped with dynamic MOLLI sequences. 10 healthy volunteers underwent 1.5T MOLLI T1 mapping during both breath hold and free breathing acquisition. Images were registered using synthetic images created via a combined inversion recovery and respiratory signal modulation model, which was verified using Dice Similarity Coefficient. Myocardial T1 was found to be higher in healthy volunteers when acquired during free breathing, when compared to inspiration. |
| 2006 | Computer 56
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Impact of a ten-year national Italian networking on cardiac complications in patients with thalassemia major |
1Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy, 2Ospedale del Delta, Lagosanto (FE), Italy, 3Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I-Lancisi-Salesi", Ancona, Italy, 4Presidio Ospedaliero “Giovanni Paolo II”, Lamezia Terme (CZ), Italy, 5Azienda Ospedaliera "Garibaldi", Presidio Ospedaliero Nesima, Catania, Italy, 6Policlinico "Paolo Giaccone", Palermo, Italy, 7Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Campobasso, Italy, 8Presidio Ospedaliero “Umberto I”, Siracusa, Italy, 9Azienda Ospedaliera di Legnago, Legnago (VR), Italy |
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Over a period of 10 years, the continuous monitoring of cardiac iron levels and a tailored chelation therapy allowed a reduction of myocardial iron overload (MIO) in the 70% of patients with thalassemia major (TM) enrolled in the MIOT (Myocardial Iron Overload in Thalassemia) Network. A consequent improvement of cardiac function and a reduction of heart failure were detected. So, a national networking was effective in improving the care and reducing cardiac outcomes of TM patients. |
| 2007 | Computer 57
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Detection of myocardial iron overload with magnetic resonance by native T1 and T2* mapping using a segmental approach |
1Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy, 2Presidio Ospedaliero ASL 5, Crotone, Italy, 3Ospedale “Santa Maria delle Croci”, Ravenna, Italy, 4Ospedale Civile “F. Ferrari”, Casarano (LE), Italy, 5Ospedale San Martino di Oristano, Oristano, Italy, 6Presidio Ospedaliero "Giovanni Paolo II" - Distretto AG2 di Sciacca, Sciacca (AG), Italy |
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T2* and T1 values assessed in the 16 myocardial segments showed a good agreement (90% concordance) in the identification of myocardial iron overload (MIO) in patients with hemoglobinopathies. |
| 2008 | Computer 58
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Genotypic Groups as Risk Factor for Cardiac MR Abnormalities and Complications in Thalassemia Major |
1Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy, 2Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura "Giovanni Paolo II", Campobasso, Italy, 3Ospedale "Sandro Pertini", Roma, Italy, 4"ARNAS" Civico, Di Cristina Benfratelli, Palermo, Italy, 5Ospedale “SS. Annunziata” ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy, 6Azienda Ospedaliera "Garibaldi", Presidio Ospedaliero Nesima, Catania, Italy, 7Policlinico di Modena, Modena, Italy, 8P.O. Pediatrico Microcitemico “A.CAO”, Cagliari, Italy, 9Ospedale "V. Emanuele III", Gela (CL), Italy |
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On the basis of the type of gene mutation, three groups of patients with thalassemia major (TM) were identified: homozygotes β+, compound heterozygotes β+/β° and homozygotes β°. Compared to the milder genotype group homozygotes β+, the other two groups showed a significantly higher risk of myocardial iron overload (MIO) and left ventricular dysfunction. Moreover, homozygotes β° showed a significantly higher risk of CC than homozygotes β+ patients. These data support the knowledge of the different genotypic groups in the clinical management of β-TM patients. |
| 2009 | Computer 59
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Automatic Detection and Quantification of Myocardial Scar in Patients with Prior Myocardial Infarction at 3T without Contrast Agents |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China, 4Institute of Digital Communications, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom |
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Native T1 maps at 3T has the capacity to accurately characterize chronic myocardial infarction (MI) territories, however it requires accurate identification of remote myocardium which in some cases is limited by image contrast between infarcted and remote myocardial territories. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated multiple automatic segmentation algorithms. Native T1 maps acquired in chronic MI patients were segmented using Gaussian Mixture Model, Otsu’s and K-means methods. K-means approach showed the best performance when compared to LGE. We conclude that K-means approach can accurately delineate MI territories. |
| 2010 | Computer 60
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Assessing myocardial infarct size by novel TRAFFn relaxation time method in lymphatic insufficient mice |
1A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland, 2Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland, 3Research unit of medical imaging, physics and technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, 4Department of diagnostic radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland |
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We applied novel RAFFn relaxation times (TRAFF2 and TRAFF4), T1ρ and T2 to study effects of cardiac lymphatic system in myocardial infarct (MI). Infarct size based on the TRAFF4 relaxation time maps was significantly larger in earlier time points post MI in wild-type compared to lymphatic insufficient mice groups. No differences were found in relaxation times between groups. Area-of-overestimation (AOE) values remained stable in lymphatic insufficient group while in wild-type group a decreasing trend of AOE was observed. We conclude that effects of lymphatics after MI can be detected based on infarct size difference measured with different relaxation times. |
| 2011 | Computer 61
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Myocardial T1 mapping using inversion recovery with radial simultaneous multi-slice readout and model-based reconstruction |
1UCAIR, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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Here we propose an inversion recovery based radial simultaneous multi-slice sequence for myocardial T1 mapping. 3 slices of T1 maps were acquired simultaneously within one breath hold spanning 11 heartbeats. Model based reconstruction was used to jointly reconstruct images at different inversion times and estimate T1 maps. Native T1, post-contrast T1 and ECV maps agree with results from the slice-by-slice Cartesian MOLLI sequence. |
| 2012 | Computer 62
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Early Detection of Myocardial Fibrosis by CMR Extracellular Volume Fraction Quantitation in a Hypertensive Swine Model |
1Fuwai Hospital， State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Beijing, China, 2National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States |
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At present, hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is generally considered to be an adaptive hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes due to an increase in left ventricular afterload. However, recent studies have shown that myocardial interstitial fibrosis may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. This study aims to investigate the relationship between extracellular volume (ECV) fraction and left ventricular remodeling in hypertension by prospective randomized controlled swine model of hypertension, and explain its internal mechanism based on pathology. |
| 2013 | Computer 63
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Comparison of cardiac function, morphology and tissue characteristics between two subtypes of primary aldosteronism: a 3 Tesla MR study |
1Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku university hospital, Sendai, Japan, 2Endocrinology, Tohoku university hospital, Sendai, Japan, 3Radiology, National cerebral and cardiovascular center, Suita, Japan |
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The purpose of this study is to compare cardiac morphology, function and tissue characteristics between patients with two subtypes of primary aldosteronism (PA), aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and bilateral hyperaldosteronism (BHA). One-hundred-and-forty-three consecutive PA patients underwent 3T MR examinations including cine, late gadolinium enhancement and pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping. APA group demonstrated higher myocardial native T1 and left-ventricular end-diastolic volume index than BHA after controlling for patients’ demographic data. The results indicate that APA group, with higher hormonal activity than BHA, may be suffered from LV volume overload and myocardial fibrosis or edema as compared with BHA group. |
| 2014 | Computer 64
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Myocardial T1 mapping with Shortened Acquisition Window using a two-layer Sparsifying Transform |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Long acquisition window in myocardial T1 mapping degrades the image quality. Physiological motion induced fluctuations along the parametric direction corrupt the similarity among T1-weighted images and adversely impact the performance of the compressed sensing-based methods. In this study, we propose a two-layer sparsifying transform (MO2) combined with motion correction to shorten the acquisition window of myocardial T1 mapping. Results showed that the proposed method enabled higher acceleration factor. The resulting shorter acquisition window and fewer RF saturation pulses increased the accuracy of the native T1 measurement. |
| 2015 | Computer 65
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Accelerating modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI): Shortened inversion-recovery-based myocardial T1 mapping schemes |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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Abnormal native myocardial T1 times are associated with a variety of cardiomyopathies, and are widely measured by inversion-recovery-based myocardial T1 mapping techniques such as modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI). These sequences are limited in patients with severe breathholding difficulties for relatively long duration of breathholds. In this work, we sought to develop and characterize shortened schemes using less amount of T1-weighted images to reduce their sensitivity to imperfect breathholds. |
| 2016 | Computer 66
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Tuning Blipped CAIPIRINHA for simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) balanced SSFP cardiac imaging |
1Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France, 2APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France, 3Siemens Healthcare SAS, Saint-Denis, France, 4APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, Radiology Dept, Marseille, France |
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In this study, we used blipped-CAIPIRINHA simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) technique to 1) extend bSSFP coverage to 3 simultaneous slices and 2) apply it to cardiac T1 mapping. Tests were conducted on phantom and in six healthy volunteers. SMS blipped-CAIPIRINHA-bSSFP sensitivity to slice gap, slice thickness and pixel bandwidth was successfully established in terms of SNR. Native T1 quantification values over three levels of the heart (base, mid and apex) were reliable, accurate, and in line with the ones obtained with a regular single slice acquisition. |
| 2017 | Computer 67
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Hybrid PET/MR in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: A segmental analysis. |
1Cardiovascular Imaging, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Nuclear Imaging, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States, 3Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is difficult to clinically diagnose but associated with high morbidity and mortality. Hybrid PET/MR has been shown to provide clinicians with complementary data regarding both the pattern and activity of myocardial disease. We performed a segmental quantitative analysis of MR parameters on 30 patients including T1 and T2 mapping, ECV, scar and strain acquired as part of a hybrid PET/MR study to evaluate characteristic patterns of imaging in this heterogeneous disease process. Scar quantification had a significant positive correlation with T1 and ECV and was negatively correlated with strain. |
| 2018 | Computer 68
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Validation of Fully Automatic SegmenTal Relaxometry (FASTR) in patients post myocardial infarction |
1Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Cardiology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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T1 mapping has started to be used for both diffuse and focal diseases of the heart and recently in multi-slice mode to investigate the regional (segmental) variations in T1 and ECV. The processing usually involves contouring the endo and epicardial boundaries manually, which could be cumbersome especially for high-volume studies. Recently, we presented a fully automatic approach (FASTR), to calculate T1 and ECV values segment-wise. Here we present the initial validation of our technique in patients post myocardial infarction. FASTR is comparable to an expert-driven contour and has low bias and similar variability in comparison to inter-observer analysis. |
| 2019 | Computer 69
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Myocardial T1 and T2 Mapping and Tissue-tracking Strain Analysis in Hemodialysis Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, wuhan, China |
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Myocardial T1 and T2 Mapping and Tissue-tracking Strain Analysis in Hemodialysis Patients with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| 2020 | Computer 70
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Simultaneous analysis of heart and kidney oxygenation using T2* BOLD MRI: investigation of cardiorenal relationship |
1Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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Tissue hypoxia plays a key role in the development and progression of cardiac and renal diseases. Blood oxygenation level dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) is the most promising imaging technique to monitor tissue oxygenation in humans. Cardiorenal syndrome is widely accepted as a complex clinical problem routinely faced by clinicians. However, the mechanism from the viewpoint of oxygenation is not understood. We analyses simultaneously myocardial and renal oxygenation using T2* cardiac MRI (T2*-CMR) and investigates the cardiorenal relationship. |
| 2021 | Computer 71
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Optimizing native T1-based detection of chronic myocardial infarctions at 3T: Influence of MOLLI flip angle on the relative myocardium-to-blood T1 contrast |
1Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Prior studies have shown that native T1 mapping at 3T provides an effective non-contrast approach for characterizing the presence and transmurality of chronic myocardial infarctions. The underlying mechanism is likely a combination of T1/T2 and magnetization transfer (MT) effects. The choice of flip angle is known to significantly affect the degree to which MOLLI-based T1 maps are confounded by MT and T2 effects. With the motivation to optimize the performance of MOLLI T1 mapping for detection of subendocardial infarcts, we hypothesized that increasing the flip angle beyond the conventionally-used 35° will provide a higher relative contrast and contrast-to-noise ratio between the infarcted myocardium and adjacent bloodpool. |
| 2022 | Computer 72
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Quantitative Multiparametric Myocardial Evaluation in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting: Comparison to Conventional Cardiac Relaxometry. |
1Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Multiparametric quantitative myocardial tissue characterization has demonstrated promising results in the differential diagnosis of non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. While conventional cardiac relaxometry techniques employ various different sequence approaches with subsequent fitting data fitting, library based cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) enables single breath-hold multi-contrast acquisitions. This investigation into the comparison of cMRF with standard modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping and its derived parameters and T2-prep FLASH T2 mapping demonstrated promising results in the assessment of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathies. |
| 2023 | Computer 73
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Combined SAturation recovery and Variable flip Angle (SAVA) for free-breathing high-resolution three-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance T1 mapping at 3T |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Vascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Vascular Imaging Laboratory, Seattle, WA, United States, 3National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance T1 mapping enables quantitative characterization of myocardium, which appeals huge attention from clinic. In this work, we proposed a free-breathing high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) T1 mapping sequence. By using variable flip Angle technique for readouts and saturation-recovery preparation for T1 weightings, the proposed sequence is highly efficient in acquisition of all volumes, including the one at the equilibrium of the longitudinal magnetization. Whole-heart pre- and post-contrast homogeneous T1 maps at an imaging resolution 1.25×1.25×8 mm3 were successfully obtained within 10 minutes in healthy volunteers. After rigid registration, 3D Extracellular Volume maps were eventually achieved. |
| 2024 | Computer 74
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Association of Myocardial Tissue Characterization between Cardiovascular MR and 11C-acetate PET imaging |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, 3Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology School of Life Science, Beijing, China, 5Department of Medical Engineering, First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China |
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The metabolic alteration in myocardium always accompanied with the structural remodeling. Therefore, it is possible to bridge the imaging markers in CMR with those in 11C-acetate PET imaging. This study investigated the correlation of measurements of interventricular septum between CMR and 11C-acetate in healthy male adults. We found that there was a significant association between ECV measured by quantitative CMR and K1 measured by PET imaging. Our results may indicate a dynamic balance between myocardial blood flow and ECV physiologically. The clinical significance of this relationship needs to be further investigated in patients with cardiac diseases. |
| 2025 | Computer 75
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Single breath-hold saturation-recovery 3D cardiac T1 mapping via compressed SENSE at 3T |
1Philips Healthcare Iberia, Madrid, Spain, 2Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, 3Department of Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain |
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We propose a new 3D T1 mapping technique (CS 3D T1 mapping) to acquire the entire left ventricle in a single breath-hold. The technique combines flexible saturation time sampling, sharing the saturation pulses between different RR intervals and compressed SENSE. The proposed sequence successfully acquired a 3D-T1 map of 12 slices in a single breath-hold (14 heart beats) at 3T, achieving T1 values in good agreement with the T1 values estimated by the IR-SE sequence. Additionally, myocardium T1 values obtained with the proposed technique are similar to those already published in literature for 3T. |
| 2026 | Computer 76
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The structural basis for haemodynamically compromising VT assessed using high-resolution late gadolinium enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging under contrast steady state |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Abbott, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 4Siemen's healthcare, London, United Kingdom, 5Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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Using a translational porcine model, the structural basis for post myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia was assessed using in-vivo cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. High-resolution LGE imaging was acquired under contrast steady state in order to allow detailed tissue characterisation. Arrhythmia was induced and assessed under haemodynamic support to allow the unambiguous identification of arrhythmogenic tissue involved in these scar mediated VT circuits. The electrophysiological and imaging data was then registered to establish the structural features of tissue involved in these rhythms. It was identified that tissue participating in the diastolic phase of post-MI VT was thinner, had non-transmual scar or intermediate signal intensity and had higher gradients in tissue thickness. |
| 2027 | Computer 77
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Intramyocardial and Pericardial Fat Quantification in Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Healthy Controls at 3T. |
1Radiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Physics and Biology in Medicine IDP, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Radioloy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Radiological Sciences Lab, Stanford, Stanford, CA, United States, 7Radiology, Stanford, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Emerging cardiac MRI biomarkers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a fatal X-linked genetic disorder, include intra-myocardial fibro-fatty infiltration, to identify the onset of microstructural remodeling in boys with DMD. The study aims were to: 1) characterize and compare intra-myocardial signal fat fraction (sFF) between boys with DMD and healthy controls; and 2) report and compare pericardial fat volume and sFF estimates in boys with DMD and healthy controls. We detected no intra-myocardial and pericardial sFF differences between DMD boys and healthy controls respectively. Boys with DMD presented with significantly more pericardial fat volume compared to healthy boys. |
| 2028 | Computer 78
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A Single-Image Super-Resolution Method for Late Gadolinium Enhancement CMR |
1Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Cardiovascular Research Centre, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom |
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3D late gadolinium enhanced (LGE) CMR is a useful imaging modality for detecting scar tissue in patients with atrial fibrillation. In order to visualize the thin-walled left atrium and scar tissue, high spatial resolution and contiguous coverage are required. However, increased spatial resolution requires markedly prolonged scanning time. In this paper, we propose a ROI focused single-image super-resolution (SISR) method based on the generative adversarial networks architecture to increase the apparent spatial resolution of 3D LGE data without increasing scan time. The proposed SISR method can boost the spatial resolution of the LGE CMR images while maintaining the perceptual quality. |
| 2029 | Computer 79
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3D whole-heart dark-blood late gadolinium enhancement without additional magnetization preparation for simultaneous detection of both atrial and ventricular fibrosis |
1Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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Accurately acquiring the location and extent of thin atrial fibrosis patterns demands for improved imaging techniques compared to conventional ventricular LGE. Recently, we developed a novel 2D dark-blood LGE approach that significantly increases scar-to-blood contrast without using additional magnetization preparation. In this feasibility study, we sought to translate this novel approach towards 3D fibrosis imaging for simultaneous detection of both atrial and ventricular scar. 3D dark-blood PSIR LGE proves to be a readily available approach for detection of both atrial and ventricular fibrosis, with improved robustness for arrhythmias, increased scar-to-blood contrast, improved patient comfort, and enabling a more versatile analysis. |
| 2030 | Computer 80
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Novel phase-sensitive late gadolinium enhancement MRI for assessment of myocardial infarction in large animals |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Institute for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 4Comparative Medicine, University of Washiington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Novel phase sensitive reconstruction method of the gadolinium delayed hyperenhancement, 3D-TRIPS, was used for the first time in the infarct visualization and quantitation in the hearts of non-human primates and Yucatan mini-pigs. Advantages of using 3D-TRIPS reconstruction vs. standard 2D-PSIR method for MR imaging of infarct include scan time shortening due to elimination the background phase-reference scan and improvement of the contrast ratio between normal and infarcted myocardium as well as between scar and blood. The novel cardiac MRI 3D-TRIPS method provides robust infarct size measurements while preserving scan time. |
| 2031 | Computer 81
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A 3D high resolution MRI method for visualization of fibro-fatty infiltration in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) in human heart. |
1IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Foundation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France, 2Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, France, 3INSERM, Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Bordeaux, France, 4Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU),Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Pessac, France |
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The goal of this study is to present 3D high resolution MR-acquisition methods for ex vivo imaging of the myocardial substrate to identify fibro-fatty infiltration. For this purpose IDEAL and Magnetization Transfer acquisitions were acquired in 3D to visualized and identify fibrosis, fat infiltration from arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and healthy human hearts. |
| 2032 | Computer 82
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A real-time myocardial velocity encoding sequence to optimize trigger delay in motion-compensated cardiac DWI |
1IADI, INSERM U1254 and Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, 2Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 3Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, CHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, 4Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France, 5CIC-IT, INSERM 1433, Université de Lorraine and CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France |
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Motion-compensated spin echo sequences have been developed to obtain diffusion sensitivity in the presence of bulk cardiac motion. First and second order motion can be compensated but higher order motion can occur in certain cardiac phases. Here, we propose a real-time velocity-encoded sequence (6ms time resolution) to optimize and adapt the trigger delay on a subject-specific basis. In one volunteer, the variability in diffusion signal was analyzed as a function of trigger delay and compared to myocardial velocity profiles. Mid-systole was found to provide the most reliable ADC and conversely the worst ADC was found in early diastole. |
| 2033 | Computer 83
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Analysis and Correction of Off-Resonance Artefacts in Free-Breathing In-Vivo Motion-Compensated Spin-Echo Cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging at 3T |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) sequences inherently suffer from low signal-to-noise (SNR) ratios. Although high field strength systems improve SNR, long single-shot readout trains such as echo-planar imaging experience detrimental effects due to changes in magnetic susceptibility at tissue boundaries. Using synthetic and in vivo free-breathing cDTI data, an iterative time-segmented off-resonance correction methodology was implemented and evaluated. Using this approach, the cDTI data was geometrically restored to the original shape, and underlying tensors metrics were corrected. The framework holds potential to aid geometrically accurate in vivo cDTI for multi-contrast and multi-modal imaging studies. |
| 2034 | Computer 84
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Optimisation of diffusion encoding schemes for in vivo cardiac DTI |
1University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 2Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular Research Center, Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA, United States, 3Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (CDTI) measurements are sensitive to a range of imaging parameters including the number of signal averages (NSA) and the number of unique diffusion-weighting directions (ND). However, there is no clear guidance on their specifications for clinical imaging. We evaluated the impact of ND and NSA on the accuracy and precision of the mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy and helix angle in 10 healthy volunteers. Our findings support the need for standardisation of CDTI protocols to facilitate inter-study and inter-site comparison of data, and definition of clinically relevant thresholds for catalysing the clinical adoption of CDTI. |
| 2035 | Computer 85
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Rapid cardiac diffusion-weighted imaging with novel motion-compensated spherical tensor encoding |
1Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 2Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 3Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 4Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 5Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Cardiac diffusion-weighted imaging (CDWI) is an emerging method for non-invasive assessment of cardiac microstructure. In CDWI, averaging and triggering are routinely used to mitigate motion artefacts, which results in long acquisition times. We have developed a novel motion-compensated spherical tensor encoding technique that reduces the acquisition time by a factor of up to three. Quantitatively, the method yields similar mean diffusivity as conventional methods, but enables accurate measurements in less than a minute. |
| 2036 | Computer 86
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Fully automated in-vivo DT-CMR analysis with deep learning |
1Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 2Imperial College, London, United Kingdom |
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Currently post-processing of in-vivo DT-CMR data is done off-line as it requires manually input. Two convolutional neural networks (CNN) were trained to classify and segment the LV in order to automate and enable on-the-fly post-processing of DT-CMR data while scanning. The fully automated DT-CMR analysis with deep learning performed effectively with high levels of accuracy when compared to an experienced user. |
| 2037 | Computer 87
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Different Myocardial Perfusion Status in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Infarct-like Myocarditis: A Novel Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-Weighted Imaging based MRI Study. |
1Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, 2Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Calgary, AL, Canada |
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This study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of myocardial perfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and “infarct-like myocarditis” using IVIM-DWI imaging. And the results showed: 1. Insufficient oxygen in the necrotic or infarted myocardium might affect myocardial perfusion and function. 2. IVIM-DWI may be a reliable sequence to evaluate different myocardial perfusion patterns in acute myocardial infarction and infarct-like myocarditis. 3. Acute myocardial infarction may exhibit lower myocardial perfusion status compared with infarct-like myocarditis due to different pathophysiological process. |
| 2038 | Computer 88
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Towards higher spatial resolution late gadolinium enhancement using 3D Turbo Spin Echo (3D TSE LGE) |
1Yale University, New London, CT, United States |
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3D inversion recovery (IR) turbo spin echo (TSE) was investigated for its value in higher spatial resolution 3D late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Studies in simulations, phantoms and patients found that the SNR is higher with 3D IR TSE, potentially permiting increased spatial resolution, and LGE is feasible. |
| 2039 | Computer 89
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A Magnetization Recovery Matched TI-Scout for Exact Determination of Inversion Time in Segmented Inversion Recovery Gradient Echo Imaging for Late Gadolinium Enhancement |
1Siemens Healthineers, Durham, NC, United States, 2Duke Cardiovascular MR Center, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States |
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We present a new TI-scout sequence based on multiple single-shot GRE acquisitions with timing and readout parameters matched to segmented inversion recovery imaging for which optimal TI is to be determined. Temporal magnetic evolution of the scout is identical to that of the segmented GRE sequence for LGE. The new technique substantially improves upon the existing SSFP cine-based TI scout that typically underestimates TI and provides mediocre image quality. We show accurate TI determination by comparison with gold standard TI found by an expert and compare image quality and signal ratios of existing, new TI scout, and segmented LGE. |
| 2040 | Computer 90
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Simultaneous High-resolution 3D Whole-heart Bright-Blood Coronary Angiography and Black-Blood Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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The T2-prepared BOOST sequence was recently introduced for simultaneous post-contrast 3D whole-heart bright-blood coronary angiography and black-blood late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging. This sequence enables simultaneous visualization of cardiac anatomy, the coronary arteries and scar tissue. However, high-resolution fully-sampled BOOST requires long acquisition times of ~20min. Here, we propose to accelerate the T2-prepared BOOST sequence and achieve high spatial resolution 3D whole-heart black-blood LGE and coronary MR angiography. This is accomplished by extending XD-ORCCA, a highly efficient respiratory-resolved motion-corrected framework, to BOOST imaging. The proposed framework enables simultaneous black-blood LGE and bright-blood coronary angiography within clinically feasible acquisition times. |
| 2041 | Computer 91
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In Vivo Potassium MRI of the Human Heart at 7.0 Tesla |
1Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 2Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 3Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany, 4Institute of Medical Physics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 5MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany |
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Potassium ions (K+) play a critical role in cardiac electrophysiology; changes in their concentration might reflect ongoing pathophysiological processes related to cardiovascular diseases. In vivo potassium (39K) MRI, due to its extremely low sensitivity remains a major challenge. Here we investigated, for the first time, the feasibility of in vivo 39K MRI of human heart in a healthy subject. To achieve this goal, we developed a custom-built 39K/1H RF coil, which is tailored for 39K MRI of human heart at 7.0 Tesla. This approach facilitated 39K MRI of human heart with an isotropic spatial resolution of 14.5 mm3 within a total scan time of 30 minutes. |
| 2042 | Computer 92
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Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance Reveals Cardiac and Hepatic Metabolic Dysfunction in the ZDF Model of Type 2 Diabetes |
1Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 3Oxford Centre for Clinical Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 4Cardio Metabolic Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, 5Novo Nordisk, Måløv, Denmark |
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The Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat is a well-known hyperinsulinaemic and hyperlipidaemic model of severe uncompensated Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) that displays systolic cardiac dysfunction late in life at the 40 week timepoint. Hyperpolarized Magnetic Resonance (MR) is a new medical imaging technique that can provide a novel way to probe metabolism in vivo and has been widely used to demonstrate physiological and pathological changes in pyruvate metabolism in the rodent heart. This work presents a magnetic resonance characterisation of the ZDF rat with hyperpolarized MR that detects metabolic alterations prior to the development of cardiac dysfunction. |
| 2043 | Computer 93
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Compressed sensing of under-sampled cardiac-CEST images may bias subsequent contrasts measured from endogenous metabolites |
1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 2Berkeley Preclinical Imaging Core, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States |
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While accelerated imaging via compressed sensing reconstruction has been explored in several dynamic contrast settings, incorporation of compressed sensing for accelerated image acquisition has not been fully explored in the setting of CEST. In this study we probed how reconstruction of increasingly under-sampled CEST-MRI data using various compressed sensing methods inserted bias into resultant z-spectra and measured CEST contrasts. |
| 2044 | Computer 94
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Ultrafast Reconstruction of UnderSampled (URUS) 3D Late Gadolinium Enhancement Imaging using Deep Complex Network |
1Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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A new framework based on |
| 2045 | Computer 95
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Characterization of tissue properties of tissue engineered cardiac patches using DTI at 22.3T |
1Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 3Department of Orthopaedics, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 5Department of Equine Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands |
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Engineering three-dimensional (3D) tissues with similar properties to native myocardium offers a promising approach to restore cardiac function after myocardial infarction. However, visualizing the orientation of the tissue in tissue engineered cardiac patches using immunofluorescent imaging has proven difficult due to the 3D and dense tissue structure. In this study, we have applied diffusion tensor imaging at 22.3T at ultra-high resolution (62.5μm isotropic) to characterize the tissue properties of cardiac patches. We show that adding fibroblasts induces cellular organization of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in the patch, resulting in more diffusion restriction and higher anisotropy, better mimicking native myocardial tissue properties. |
| 2046 | Computer 96
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Ex-vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Porcine Heart at Ultra High Field Strength - 7T: Impacts of Tissue Fixation Duration and Stimulated Echo Mixing Time |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, 2Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (TERM), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, 3Translational Center Regenerative Therapies (TLC-RT), Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research (ISC), Wuerzburg, Germany |
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Diffusion time dependent changes of ADC, FA, HA were analyzed in two fixed, excised porcine hearts using a stimulated echo approach at 7T with mixing times 50-1000ms. A standard SE-method was used as a reference and SNR differences were evaluated using the multiple image method. The data will allow better comparison of in-vivo measurements using SE- and STE-approaches. Ex-vivo measurements, which can provide high fidelity data at resolutions unachievable in-vivo, are usually performed on fixed tissue. We therefore assessed the impact of tissue fixation on T2 and T2* at 7T, which will allow optimization of future acquisition protocols. |
| 2047 | Computer 97
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Epicardial fat imaging with diffusion weighted MRI |
1Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand |
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Epicardial fat is associated with the development of metabolic syndrome and higher cardiovascular risk profile. Excessive fat can cause ventricular arrhythmias and alter repolarization. Fat is typically quantified with the Dixon technique, adding extra scan time. The microstructure of fat can also be differentiated with non-Gaussian diffusion weighting because the size of adipocytes differ from myocytes. Our automatic segmentation of the fat has 0.99 in accuracy and specificity compared with the Dixon technique. Further studies are required to associate myofibre misalignment with fat response in pathological hearts. Our technique can address both of these measures. |
| 2048
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Computer 98
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Navigator Gated Cardiac Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping for Differential Oxygen Saturation Quantification: Initial Validation via Invasive Catheterization |
1Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States, 4Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States |
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The feasibility of measuring differential RV-to-LV oxygen saturation with cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been demonstrated in healthy volunteers; here, we present our initial validation of cardiac QSM based oxygenation measurement in patients through comparison with gold standard right heart catheter measurements. |
| 2049 | Computer 99
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Initial Utility of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting for Quantitative T1/T2 Parametric Mapping in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
1Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute (Cardiology), University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Radiology, University Hospital Policlinico “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy, 4Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States, 5Harrington Heart & Vascular Institute, Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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The performance of cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (cMRF) in tissue characterization in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is not known. In this study, we report our experience in a small cohort of patients with HCM who have undergone cMRF and standard techniques for imagine acquisition of T1/T2 Mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) estimation. |
| 2050 | Computer 100
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Clinical evaluation of a two-heartbeat inversion-recovery-based myocardial T1 mapping at 1.5T |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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Cardiomyopathies can be revealed in the presence of abnormal native myocardial T1 times. Conventional myocardial T1 mapping techniques often require relatively long breathholds, thus limiting their usages in patients with severe breathholding difficulties. In this work, we evaluated the potential of a two-heartbeat inversion-recovery-based myocardial T1 mapping in patients. |
| 2051 | Computer 101
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Clinical Performance of Non-contrast Whole-heart Magnetic Resonance Coronary Angiography with Compressed Sensing: Comparison with Conventional Sensitivity Encoding Imaging |
1Health Management Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Radiology Dept., Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 3Imaging Center, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan |
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Non-contrast whole-heart magnetic resonance coronary angiography (WHMRA) has proven value for noninvasive assessment of coronary arteries. However, there are major technical challenges associated with this technique, such as image quality degradation due to long scan times. Compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction might be a powerful solution for shortening scan time. We conducted a feasibility study for WHMRA with conventional parallel imaging and CS reconstruction. WHMRA with CS reconstruction is a promising method that can shorten the scan time while maintaining mostly acceptable images, although there is still room for improvement, especially for stenotic vessel evaluation. |
| 2052 | Computer 102
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Evaluation of quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in diabetic patients with clinical limb ischemia in comparison with contrast-enhanced MRA with calf-compression at 3 Tesla |
1Shanghai Jiaotong University affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China, Shanghai, China |
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Early diagnosis and aggressive management are critical to mitigate the devastating natural history of Critical limb ischemia (CLI). Computed tomography angiography (CTA) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) are established methods in the diagnostic workup of PAD. However, the high incidence of infrapopliteal disease in CLI and the calcified nature of these vessels in patients suffering from diabetes mellitus are problems even for the dual-energy CT. In addition, diabetic patients with CLI frequently experience several comorbidities, which can hamper administration of iodinated contrast media and lead to contrast-induced nephropathy. What’s more, the high prevalence of chronic renal impairment in diabetic patients with CLI and CE-MRA studies often place such patients at an increased risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS)-MRA is a robust non-enhanced MRA method that has shown promising results at 1.5 T and 3 T. Here, we wished to evaluate the image quality and diagnostic accuracy of QISS-MRA at 3 T in diabetic patients with CLI compared with CE-MRA with calf compression, with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) serving as the standard reference. |
| 2053 | Computer 103
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Free-breathing whole-heart coronary MRA with Radial SSFP and fully automated 3D rigid body motion corrected reconstruction |
1MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 3MR R&D, Philips Healthcare, Bangalore, India |
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Prolonged acquisition time and susceptibility to respiratory motion remain to be the major challenge in 3D free-breathing whole-heart MR angiography. Recently, respiratory self-navigated 3D-Radial CMRA technique has been proposed to address the said limitations. In this technique, a 1-D projection oriented in Superior-Inferior direction are acquired at every heartbeat before each interleave of 3D-Radial imaging data for 1D motion correction of the heart with 100% respiratory gating efficiency. In this work, an extension of this method is proposed to estimate and correct for the 3D motion of the heart along with a robust navigator processing and automatic coil selection algorithm (3D-PRONAV). The proposed method is validated in five volunteers. |
| 2054 | Computer 104
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Comparison of Gadolinium- and Ferumoxytol- enhanced Conventional and ultra-short echo time MR-Angiography for the Depiction of the Pulmonary Vasculature |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 4Medicine, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 5Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States, 6Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin – School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States |
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Pulmonary MRA is a promising technique for detection of pulmonary embolism without ionizing radiation. Unfortunately, a subset of patients fail breath-holding during conventional MRA (cMRA). Free-breathing ultra-short echo time (UTE)-MRA could overcome this limitation but would require a blood pool contrast agent due to longer scan times. Ferumoxytol (FE) can be used as an off-label MR-contrast agent with a blood half-life of 10-14 hours. This study compared gadobenate dimeglumine (GD)-enhanced-UTE-MRA to FE-cMRA and FE-UTE-MRA, using GD-cMRA as reference standard. Results suggest that FE-UTE-MRA has improved performance compared to GD-cMRA for depicting non-vascular structures while offering excellent angiographic image quality. |
| 2055 | Computer 105
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Contrast-enhanced compressed sensing whole-heart 3T MR angiography in detection of coronary artery stenosis: A preliminary comparative study with computed tomography angiography |
1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China, 2Siemens Healthcare, MR Collaborations NE Asia, Beijing, China, 3Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, Erlangen, Germany |
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The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced compressed sensing (CS) whole-heart 3T MR angiography in the detection of clinical significant coronary artery stenosis by using CTA as a reference. The preliminary results indicate that the contrast-enhanced CS coronary MR angiography has a good consistency in evaluating coronary artery disease in comparison to CTA and a short enough acquisition time that can be applied in the waiting time between contrast injection and late gadolinium enhancement imaging. |
| 2056 | Computer 106
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Direct and Indirect Signs of Pulmonary Embolism at MRA: Inter and Intra Reader Agreement |
1Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States |
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Direct and indirect finding of pulmonary embolism are important for making the correct diagnosis on pulmonary MRA. We have assessed the prevalence of both expected direct and indirect findings of PE and also evaluated the inter and intra reader agreement of these indirect and direct findings. Our results demonstrate that experienced and inexperienced observers can reproducibly observe direct and indirect findings of PE on CEMRA exams. |
| 2057 | Computer 107
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Ultrashort TE Time-Spatial Labeling Inversion Pulse MR Angiography Denoised with Deep Learning Reconstruction for Abdominal Visceral Arteries: A Feasibility Study |
1Department of Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan, 2Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan, 3Canon Medical Systems corp., Tochigi, Japan |
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We have developed ultrashort TE (UTE) time-SLIP MRA for the evaluation of abdominal visceral arteries. In this volunteer study, although image quality and number of visualized renal arteries on UTE time-SLIP MRA were inferior to those on steady-state free precession (SSFP) time-SLIP MRA, deep learning reconstruction enabled significant improvement of signal-to-noise ratio and contrast to the background tissue. In patients with visceral artery aneurysms treated by endovascular intervention, contrast ratio of treated segment adjacent to metal devices to the aorta were higher on UTE than SSFP time-SLIP MRA. This proposed technique is feasible for visceral artery disease after endovascular interventions. |
| 2058 | Computer 108
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REACT - Relaxation-Enhanced MR Angiography without Contrast and Triggering in comparison with other non-contrast MR angiography techniques for imaging of the pelvic vessels. |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 2Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands |
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Conventional MRI and CE-MRA have limitations in venous imaging. Recently introduced Relaxation-Enhanced MR Angiography without Contrast and Triggering (REACT) is based on 3D dual-echo generalized DIXON in combination of magnetization preparation, and has the potential to better characterize both arterial and venous signals with robust blood-tissue contrast. Comparing REACT with conventional non-contrast sequences regarding vessel depiction, REACT revealed similar results for large vessels and was superior for the assessment of small peripheral vessels. |
| 2059 | Computer 109
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Radial self-navigated non contrast-enhanced (CE-) MRA in comparison to conventional navigator-gated CE-MRA of the thoracic aorta in a vascular patient collective |
1Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, USA, Cleveland, OH, United States, 3Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland, 4Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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This study compares a conventional Cartesian contrast-enhanced MRA sequence with a native 3D radial MRA sequence for imaging the aortic root and the ascending aorta. The difference in image quality between those two MRA sequences has been shown to be highly significant at the ascending aorta and the aortic arch with higher quality for the radial self-navigated non-contrast enhanced MRA. The results of our study support the potential of a native MRA protocol as a diagnostic tool in monitoring the geometry or size of the aortic root and the ascending aorta. |
| 2060 | Computer 110
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Improved vessel delineation in whole-heart coronary MRA with sub-millimeter isotropic resolution using deep learning reconstruction compared with routine whole-heart coronary MRA |
1Kyorin University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan, 3CANON MEDICAL SYSTEMS CORPORATION, Otawara, Japan |
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Whole-heart coronary MRA (WHCMRA) with sub-millimeter isotropic resolution is expected to improve spatial resolution and overcome limitations of routine WHCMRA, whereas increased image noise is the drawback. A state-of-the-art 3T MR scanner with the maximal gradient magnetic field of 100 mT/m and capability of deep learning reconstruction (DLR) that aims to reduce image noise is useful for improving vessel sharpness and delineation of the coronary arteries, even in the distal segments, on WHCMRA with sub-millimeter isotropic resolution with use of the DLR with preserving image noise compared with routine WHCMRA. |
| 2061 | Computer 111
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The feasibility of high resolution vessel wall imaging (HR VWI) based minimum intensity projection (mIP) MRA for evaluating steno-occlusive MCA |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospitial, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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Stenosis, distal branches |
| 2062 | Computer 112
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Non-Contrast-Enhanced Abdominal MRA at 3T using Velocity-Selective Pulse Trains |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimroe, MD, United States, 3. F.M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China, 5Division of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 6Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) abdominal MR angiography (MRA) with large spatial coverage is clinically desired. The current method using spatially selective inversion (SSI) pulse to null static tissue and blood is only limited to small field of view (FOV) due to its sensitivity to slow arterial inflow. Velocity-selective inversion (VSI) based approach was shown to preserve the arterial blood inside the imaging volume at 1.5T. In this study, a novel strategy of VSI + VSS was proposed for abdominal MRA of large FOV, and its advantage over SSI based approach was demonstrated among healthy subjects at 3T. |
| 2063 | Computer 113
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Acceleration of whole-heart coronary MR angiography using 3D non-selective bSSFP with Compressed SENSE |
1Department of Radiological Services, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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Whole heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (WHC-MRA) has a limitation of long scan time, which often causes degradation of image quality. 3D non-selective balanced TFE (bTFE) with shortening TR can reduce the scan time. However, it is yet not applied for WHC-MRA. Compressed SENSE (C-SENSE) is suitable for subjects with a high sparse such as vessels and biliary trees, and can accelerate the scan time of WHC-MRA while ensuring the image quality. We propose a new combination of 3D non-selective bTFE with C-SENSE for WHC-MRA, and examine the image quality and the scan time in comparison to the conventional methods. |
| 2064 | Computer 114
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Non-Contrast-Enhanced zTE MR Angiography of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease |
1GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xu Zhou, China, 3GE Healthcare, MR Enhanced Application, Beijing, China |
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To investigate if zero-echo-time magnetic resonance angiography (zTE-MRA) is feasible in the characterization of intracranial atherosclerotic disease, we measured in this study a large population with atherosclerotic disease confirmed clinically. The acquired zTE-MRA images were thus compared systematically with those using time-of-flight (TOF)-MRA technique. Serving digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a reference, zTE-MRA showed comparable imaging quality with DSA in the aspect of flow signal in the parent artery and higher signal intensity with less artifact than TOF-MRA. We therefore demonstrated that zTE-MRA could be a promising technique and further applied in the clinic routinely for patients with atherosclerotic disease. |
| 2065 | Computer 115
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High Resolution, Respiratory Motion-Resolved Coronary MRA Using a Reordered Variable-Density 3D Cones Trajectory |
1Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, 3Cardiology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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High resolution MR angiography is important to properly visualize fine lesions in coronary arteries. In this work, we employ a time-efficient and motion-robust variable-density 3D cones trajectory for sub-millimeter data acquisition. Although the imaging data is severely undersampled, we capitalize on the diffuse aliasing properties of the non-Cartesian cones trajectory to separate the data into several respiratory phases for motion compensation. For improved image quality, we present and analyze a modified cones reordering strategy, mindful of balanced SSFP imaging and unwanted eddy current effects, for distributed k-space coverage irrespective of how the readouts are retrospectively sorted. |
| 2066 | Computer 116
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Highly accelerated NCE-MRA: Phase correction to remove background artefacts for complex subtraction |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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For subtractive Non-Contrast-Enhanced MR Angiography (NCE-MRA), complex subtraction of k-space data (prior to reconstruction) can exploit the sparsity of the difference images for under-sampled dataset reconstruction, but it causes background artefacts. This study proposed a phase correction method to restore the polarity of |
| 2067 | Computer 117
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Highly Accelerated NCE-MRA Using Complex Subtraction with Intensity Correction: Improved Reconstruction Accuracy and Background Tissue Suppression |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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We propose a compressed sensing reconstruction method for highly accelerated subtractive non-contrast-enhanced MRA, based on complex subtraction in k-space. This method applies intensity difference correction between bright- and dark-blood image sets before reconstruction and uses a phase correction procedure to remove background artefacts caused by complex subtraction. Experimental results demonstrate improved background tissue suppression. Compared with magnitude subtraction approaches, the proposed method achieved higher reconstruction accuracy at large acceleration factors, permitting the use of higher acceleration factors without unacceptable loss of image quality. |
| 2068 | Computer 118
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Free-breathing renal MR angiography using NATIVE TrueFISP: A comparison of different triggering techniques |
1Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., ShenZhen, China |
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Non-contrast renal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is particularly valuable since contrast agents increase the risk of the Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis for the patients with renal failure. NATIVE TrueFISP together with triggering technique is commonly used for free breathing renal MRA. Here, we use 2D-PACE (Prospective Acquisition CorrEction) for respiratory triggering, therefore no external gating devices are needed and the preparation time is saved. The result shows that the image quality achieved by 2D PACE is comparable or superior to the conventional triggering techniques, which promises to be an alternative triggering method for renal MRA in clinical routine. |
| 2069 | Computer 119
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Initial Study on Coronary MRI at 3T in the Presence of Resorbable Magnesium Scaffolds |
1Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center Freiburg University, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Coronary MRI allows for the assessment of vascular patency and thus is a desirable imaging tool for the follow-up of vascular patency after percutaneous coronary interventions in which stenosis are treated with stents. We show that, coronary MR in the presence of recently introduced resorbable magnesium scaffold seems not feasible for the detection of in-stent restenosis within the first year post-intervention as signal voids caused by the scaffold may be miss-interpreted as stenosis. However, coronary MRI provides a valuable tool to further study the resorption process of magnesium scaffolds and to visualize the artery after complete resorption of the scaffold. |
| 2070 | Computer 120
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Non-triggered, Non-Contrast-Enhanced Lower Extremity MR Angiography using Artery-Weighted REACT |
1Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan, 3Sasebo Chuo Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan |
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Non-contrast enhanced lower extremity MR angiography, such as TOF, PC and TRANCE, is commonly used to diagnose peripheral arterial disease, but these techniques are occasionally unstable due to presence of arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation or tachycardia. Relaxation-Enhanced MR Angiography without Contrast and Triggering (REACT) derives high intravascular signal from T2prep pulse followed by STIR pulse and dual-echo gradient echo DIXON readout. However conventional REACT cannot distinguish arterial and venous signals clearly. We validate optimum T2prep time and TFE factor to improve the contrast between artery and vein. We demonstrate that REACT-Art provided more artery-dominant contrast compared to conventional REACT. |
| 2071 | Computer 121
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Dynamic MRI visualization of the brachial artery during upper arm air cuff inflations |
1MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Best, Netherlands, 2Philips Research, Eindhoven, Netherlands, 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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We investigated the feasibility of imaging the upper arm using real-time and cine MRI during air cuff inflations in order to characterize the elastic properties of the brachial artery. Both the cine, as well as the real-time MR image data allow the direct observation of the occlusion and re-opening of veins and arteries as a function of cuff pressure. They could therefore be potentialy well suited to estimate the elastic properties of the brachial artery, e.g. the area-pressure curve, in vivo. Furthermore, the MR data allow observing the compression and displacement of arm tissue with the future aim to validate and extend existing models of the auscultatory and oscillometric blood pressure measurements. |
| 2072 | Computer 122
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Investigation of Non-Contrast Enhanced Peripheral Artery MR Angiography using AccASL with Double Labeling and Dual AENC Scheme for Realizing Consistent Visualization in Various Blood Flow Conditions |
1Philips Japan, Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 3Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 4Department of Radiology, Tokai University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan, 5Asia Pacific, Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan |
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Acceleration-Selective Arterial Spin Labeling (AccASL) with double labeling and dual acceleration encoding (AENC) scheme (AccDD) was developed for consistent non-triggered peripheral non-contrast enhanced MR angiography. AccDD requires only 50% longer scan time than conventional single labeling and single AENC scheme and can provide better artery visualization. In addition, veins, with an expected flow slower than arteries, were more visualized using lower AENC acquisition of AccDD, indicating AccDD is sensitive to a wide flow velocity range. Consistent flow visualization in various flow conditions with patients can be expected. |
| 2073 | Computer 123
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Whole heart coronary MRA using non-selective balanced SSFP sequence at 3.0T: comparison of image quality |
1Department of Radiological Services, Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Electronics Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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3 tesla derived MRCA has a limitation of low contrast for coronary arteries because of setting lower flip angles due to high SAR. Therefore, the signal contrast of for coronary arteries becomes low. 3D non-selective balanced TFE (3D nsbTFE) has the possibility to solve this problem. We examine image quality of MRCA obtained from 3 tesla and 3D nsbTFE. |
| 2074 | Computer 124
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Quantitative measurements of decreased arterial collateralization and branching in peripheral artery disease. |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3University of California SanFrancisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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The extent of collateralization/branching (CB) of lower limb vessels in peripheral artery disease (PAD) can inform risk of ischemia and response to revascularization. However quantitative imaging metrics of CB have not been assessed in the setting of severe PAD. We developed automated quantitative measurements of lower limb vascular morphology (pCafe) and compared CB in patients undergoing revascularization for PAD. Assessment of pCafe metrics in severe PAD suggests CB is increased with occlusion compared to stenosis indicating compensatory CB development. |
| 2075 | Computer 125
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Non-Contrast Enhanced MR Angiography for Selective Pulmonary Artery and Aorta imaging at 1.5T |
1Philips Healthcare, Suzhou, China, 2Philips Healthcare Greater China, Beijing, China |
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Non-contrast enhanced pulmonary MRA has been increasingly used for the diagnosis of abnormality of vessels such as pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). This study aims to validate the vessel-selective MRA using time-spatial labeling inversion pulse. The pulmonary vessel or aorta could be intendedly selected with a high intensity against the surrounding anatomies. The contrast between vessels were evaluated using an ROI approach. |
| 2076 | Computer 126
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Large coverage peripheral artery 3D vessel wall MRI using SUper-Resolution for Psf-Restored Isotropic turbo Spin Echo (3D SURPRISE) |
1Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, United States, 3Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Vessel wall MRI for peripheral artery disease (PAD) atherosclerotic lesions requires large coverage due to diffuse distribution of lesions, and high-resolution due to smaller plaque components. However current large coverage PAD approaches uses gradient echo sequences that may not be optimal for highly calcified PAD lesions. Therefore we developed and evaluated a large coverage 3D femoral MRI using SUper-Resolution for Psf-Restored Isotropic turbo Spin Echo (3D-SURPRISE) that provides shorter scan times with higher SNR and CNR than an existing large coverage gradient echo femoral vessel wall MRI (3D-MERGE). |
| 2077 | Computer 127
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Generative Adversarial Networks based Compressed Sensing for Multi-contrast Intracranial Vessel Wall Imaging Acceleration |
1Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 2Subtle Medical Inc., Menlo Park, CA, United States, 3Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, United States, 4Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 5Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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Multi-contrast isotropic high resolution intracranial vessel wall imaging (VWI) can enable direct detection and follow-up surveillance of intracranial vessel wall pathologies. The overall scan time can be largely reduced by proper random undersampling. However, the image reconstruction process can be time consuming causing deployment difficulties of accelerated intracranial VWI for clinical use. In this study, a generative adversarial networks based compressed sensing method was developed for multi-contrast intracranial image reconstruction. The preliminary results demonstrate comparable/improved image quality for vessel wall delineation in comparison to the traditional image reconstruction method, while providing a significant reduction in reconstruction time. |
| 2078 | Computer 128
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QSM identifies calcification and intraplaque hemorrhage in patients with significant carotid stenosis |
1Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing, China |
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We developed and evaluated carotid QSM for detecting calcification and intraplaque hemorrhage in carotid plaques. Preliminary results in patients with significant carotid stenosis showed QSM was able to detect both calcification and intraplaque hemorrhage in good agreement with findings on CT and multi-contrast MRI. |
| 2079 | Computer 129
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A lightweight and ultra-flexible “blanket” coil design for carotid artery wall imaging |
1Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 2New York University, New York, NY, United States |
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We aimed to build an ultra-flexible blanket coil for carotid wall imaging. Results in healthy volunteers showed that the coil improves comfort and allows easy positioning in the neck while providing 32% higher SNR at the carotid bifurcation compared to the product 64-channel neurovascular coil. |
| 2080 | Computer 130
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Plaque permeability assessed with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI predicts ferumoxytol nanoparticle delivery in patients with peripheral artery disease |
1Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3TMII, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 4University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany, 5Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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We investigated whether dynamic-contrast enhanced (DCE-)MRI could be used to predict accumulation of ferumoxytol nanoparticles in femoral plaques. To this end, we implemented USPIO enhanced quantitative T2* imaging, as well as 3D black-blood DCE-MRI sequences for femoral artery vessel wall imaging. Patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and healthy volunteers were included in this study. We show that ferumoxytol nanoparticle delivery to atherosclerotic plaques is associated with plaque permeability as assessed with DCE-MRI in patients with PAD. |
| 2081 | Computer 131
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Sex Differences in Symptomatic Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis: A Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation (CARE-II) Study |
1Radiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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The results of this multicenter study ( including 13 hospitals and medical centres across China) demonstrated that, in Chinese patients with recent ischemic cerebrovascular events, males developed higher risk of atherosclerotic plaques carotid arteries than females. The different constituent ratios of traditional risk factors, especially smoking, may contribute to the sex differences in carotid high-risk plaques. |
| 2082 | Computer 132
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Comparison of Femoral Artery Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics between Patients with and without Diabetes Mellitus: A 3D MR Vessel Wall Imaging Study |
1Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou, China |
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Diabetes mellitus is a documented high risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. This study investigated the characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque in diabetic patients in comparison with non-diabetic patients using 3D multi-contrast MR vessel wall imaging. We found that patients in diabetic group had higher plaque burden, prevalence of plaque and more complex composition than those in non-diabetic group. |
| 2083 | Computer 133
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Identification of Carotid Non-Hemorrhagic Lipid-Rich Necrotic Core by Magnetization-Prepared Rapid Acquisition Gradient-Echo Imaging: Validation by Contrast-Enhanced T1W Imaging |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 3Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China |
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Lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) plays a key role in the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques and is associated with ischemic cerebrovascular events. Previously, LRNC was identified using contrast-enhanced T1W (CE-T1W) imaging which needs administration of contrast agent. This study determined the capability of MP-RAGE imaging in identification of non-hemorrhagic LRNC (NH-LRNC) validated by CE-T1W. We found that moderate to good agreements between MP-RAGE and CE-T1W imaging in identification and quantification of NH-LRNC. MP-RAGE showed smaller bias in measuring NH-LRNC than T2W imaging. Our results suggest that MP-RAGE might be a better non-CE imaging technique for assessing NH-LRNC in carotid arteries. |
| 2084 | Computer 134
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Identification of Intrapalque Hemorrhage in Carotid Artery by Simultaneous Non-contrast Angiography and intraPlaque hemorrhage (SNAP) Imaging: Validation by Histology |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University of Medicine, Beijing, China, 2Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Beijing, China, 3Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, 4China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China, 5Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 6Department of Neurosurgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China |
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It is important to accurately characterize carotid intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) due to its strong association with plaque progression and ischemic stroke. Previous study proved that MP-RAGE is the best T1-weighted sequence in detecting carotid IPH. Most recently, investigators found that SNAP imaging can detect more IPHs compared with MP-RAGE. This study sought to investigate the performance of SNAP imaging in evaluating carotid IPH validated by histology. We found that SNAP sequence showed better agreement with histology compared with MP-RAGE in assessing IPH, suggesting that SNAP imaging might be a more sensitive and accurate imaging approach in characterizing carotid IPH. |
| 2085 | Computer 135
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Volumetric assessment of arteriosclerotic plaque burden in ApoE-KO mice using high resolution MR microscopy |
1Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States, 2The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States, 3State College Are High School, State College, PA, United States, 4University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, 5Huck Institute of the Life Science, University Park, PA, United States, 6Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States |
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There is a need to address current knowledge gaps in atherosclerosis' etiology to develop successful strategies to reduce mortality due to this disease. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using 14T MR microscopy to measure the extent of atherosclerosis in apoE-KOmice on diet studies. Results from the ex-vivo 3D MR microimaging of the aortic atherosclerotic plaques with a resolution of 10x10x15µm3 are presented. A contrast agent was used to increase the sensitivity of the 14-tesla system and provide the resolution necessary to assess in detail the wall vessel changes associated with the atherosclerotic process. |
| 2086 | Computer 136
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Signal-Intensity-Ratio of Carotid Intraplaque Hemorrhage Stratifies Risk of Acute Cerebral Infarct: A Chinese Atherosclerosis Risk Evaluation Study |
1Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China, 2Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China, 3Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China |
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Previous studies have shown that the presence of carotid IPH is a strong predictor for future ischemic events. The present study investigated the usefulness of the signal-intensity-ratio of IPH in carotid arteries for stratification of acute cerebral infarct (ACI) risk using multicontrast MR vessel wall imaging. We found that the signal-intensity-ratio of carotid IPH on T1W images was independently associated with the presence of acute cerebral infarct. Our results suggest that the age of carotid IPH might be an independent indicator for the risk of acute ischemic cerebrovascular events. |
| 2087 | Computer 137
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Carotid Artery Self-navigation Coughing Motion Correction Using Principle Component Analysis Jointed with Differential Threshold Method |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Black-blood MRI is an important tool to evaluate atherosclerosis for carotid artery, however, it is susceptible to motion and no former motion correction method for carotid artery could achieve 100% acquisition efficiency. Therefore, a 100% acquisition efficiency self-navigation carotid artery motion correction method based on Principle Component Analysis (PCA) jointed with Differential Threshold Method (DTM) was proposed for carotid artery imaging using radial sampling. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method can detect acute motions such as coughing, compute the motion-corrupted interval, and achieve higher reconstruction quality after removing the motion-corrupted spokes. |
| 2088 | Computer 138
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Multiparametric evaluation of Atheroembolic renal disease in a microsphere-induced animal model |
1Peking University, Beijing, China, 2Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 3Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China |
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Atheroembolic renal disease (AERD) is the major cause of renal insufficiency in the elderly, and cholesterol embolism is a manifestation of this disease. AERD is often an underdiagnosed clinical illness because of the lack of sensitive examination methods. Recently, multiparameter MRI showed its potential in enhancing the efficiency of diagnosing renal diseases. In this study, we examine the value of multiparameter MRI in AERD detection and further compared with histology. |
| 2089 | Computer 139
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Irregularity of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Determined by Multidimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Stratifies the Risk of Acute Cerebral Infarction |
1Department of Radiology, Nanjing BenQ Hospital, Nanjing, China, 2Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China |
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Carotid plaque surface features including surface irregularities and ulceration represent an important indicator for plaque vulnerability and are associated with the occurrence of neurological symptoms1-2. This study aimed to determine the association between surface irregularity of carotid plaque on MR images at multi-dimensions and acute ischemic stroke. Ninety-seven symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic plaque in carotid artery determined by ultrasound imaging were enrolled and underwent MR imaging for carotid artery and brain. We found that the irregularity information at multi-dimensions which combined the axial and oblique images had stronger predictive value for acute ischemic lesion than axial images alone. |
| 2090 | Computer 140
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Calcification and USPIO detection in Carotid Artery Plaque using QSM and SWI |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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In this work we demonstrated the feasibility and potential benefits of using Susceptibility Weighted Imaging and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping for application in carotid artery plaque imaging for detection, quantification, and distinction of areas of calcification and USPIO uptake. |
| 2091 | Computer 141
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Plaque feature analysis using a joint method of QSM and water-fat separation |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 3Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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In this work we investigated the feasibility of using a joint method of water-fat separation and Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping to characterize carotid artery plaques. The combination of both methodologies was able to detect strong changes in susceptibility, to detect plaque calcification, and also detect changes in the local fat fraction of the plaques in order to identify a lipid core. |
| 2092 | Computer 142
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Evaluation of the endothelial (dys)function in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis by DCE-MRI and pharmacokinetic modelling |
1Division of General Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 2Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, 3Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Centre, Colleretto Giacosa, Italy, 4Department of Physiological Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria |
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Endothelial dysfunction as a consequence of cardiovascular risk factors and increased endothelial permeability are involved in remodeling processes of the arterial wall and progression of AS early on. DCE-MRI in combination with pharmacokinetic modelling and a special nitric oxide donor compound together with dynamic vasomotor patterns could provide novel information related to changes of the endothelial function during the progression and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and may contribute to a better mechanistic understanding of AS pathophysiology. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility to investigate endothelial (dys)function and NO induced vasomotor function of the abdominal aorta in AS induced rabbits simultaneously. |
| 2093 | Computer 143
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In-Vivo Quantification of Aortic Stiffness in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Porcine Model using Magnetic Resonance Elastography: A Comparison to Histopathology and Burst Testing |
1Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States, 4Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 5Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute-Interventional Cardiology Cath Core Lab, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States, 6Internal Medicine-Cardiovascular Division, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States |
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Aortic stiffness is an important biomarker that can provide more accurate rupture potential of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) than diameter. Aortic MR elastography (AMRE) is a non-invasive technique to estimate aortic stiffness and has not been validated against gold standard methods. The aim of the study is to estimate aortic stiffness in AAA-induced porcine model using in-vivo AMRE, and compare it with histopathology and burst testing. Results demonstrated that AAA stiffness was significantly higher than normal aorta (p<0.002), while %elastin and burst pressure was significantly lower in AAA (p<0.0001). Aortic stiffness showed significant negative correlation to %elastin and burst pressure. |
| 2094 | Computer 144
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Background tissue suppression for subtractive NCE-MRA techniques based on robust regression using the deviation angle |
1Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Intensity differences of static tissues between bright- and dark-blood images commonly exist in subtractive non-contrast-enhanced MRA techniques, resulting in residual background signal in the subtracted images. Some linear regression models can correct the intensity difference but are sensitive to the large number of blood pixels in thoracic MRA. A robust regression model is developed in this study and is demonstrated to have an effective performance in background suppression for different subtractive NCE-MRA techniques. |
| 2095 | Computer 145
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CrCEST reveals characteristics of skeletal muscle creatine metabolism in patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Cardiovascular Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease of the limbs. Creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) MRI can be used to visualize creatine metabolism as it occurs in the muscles of the calf. We have successfully applied CrCEST in 13 healthy subjects and 7 PAD patients in order to characterize the effect of ischemia on skeletal muscle energetics. Creatine concentration decay was assessed by CrCEST over a period of 8 minutes after plantarflexion exercise. Time course CEST asymmetry plots show features of PAD decays that help reveal mechanisms of metabolic dysfunction. |
| 2096 | Computer 146
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A fast and contrast-free MR approach to the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis based on DANTE-prepared gradient echo |
1School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Radiology, Nanshan people’s hospital, Shenzhen, China, 3Department of Radiology, Panyu Central hospital, Guangzhou, China, 4MR Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Shenzhen, China, 5MR R&D, Siemens Healthineers, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Paul C. Lauterbur Biomedical Imaging Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China, 7Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Black-blood magnetic resonance thrombus imaging (BTI) has proved successful for the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Previous BTI method is based on a 3D variable flip angle fast spin echo (3D-vFSE) sequence, which has high specific absorption rate (SAR). DANTE-FLASH is another black-blood MR technique previously proposed for vessel wall imaging at lower extremities1. We hypothesized that DANTE-FLASH may suffice the purpose of diagnosing DVT while avoiding high SAR. This work was aimed to investigate the feasibility of using DANTE-FLASH to diagnose DVT. |
| 2097 | Computer 147
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Visualization of jugular veins from sitting upright to supine position using low field MRI |
1Magnetic Detection & Imaging, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands |
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Cerebral venous blood takes different pathways depending on body position. Hence, 3D MR imaging of the cervical region at different body inclination angles might give valuable information in patients whose diagnosis relies on imaging of venous pathways. In this study was shown that using a time of flight method the internal jugular veins could be segmented by applying a threshold followed by manual cropping. Subsequently, it was shown that their diameter decreases as the rotational angle is increased towards the upright position. The amount of decrease might give clinically relevant information about the state of the veins and cranial drainage. |
| 2098 | Computer 148
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Multi-class segmentation of the Carotid Arteries using Deep Learning |
1Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden, 2Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping, Sweden, 3Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden |
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The rupture of atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries can lead to strokes, which is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. MRI can provide geometric, compositional, and hemodynamic information about the carotid arteries, but in order to access this information, the images must first be segmented to delineate the regions of interest. This work proposes a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, developed from the DeepMedic architecture, that performs automated, multi-class segmentation of the carotid arteries. Results show high quantitative and qualitative scores, with DICE = 0.8750, Sensitivity = 0.9374, Specificity = 0.9942, and F2 = 0.9067. |
| 2099 | Computer 149
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Large-scale image quality assessment using deep learning: impact of physiological factors and acquisition settings in whole-heart coronary MRA |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Institute of Bioengineering/Center for Neuroprosthetics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Institute of Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland, 6LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 7Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 8Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Understanding which factors affect image quality is essential in order to perform high quality MRI acquisitions. Using a deep convolutional neural network, we performed automated Image Quality Assessment of 1102 heterogeneous whole-heart coronary MRA volumes acquired with a respiratory self-navigated ECG-triggered bSSFP sequence. A non-parametric multivariate rank regression was performed to predict image quality from available physiological and acquisition parameters. A large agreement between the Image Quality Scores (IQSs) estimated by the neural network and the fitted IQSs from the regression model was found (Spearman correlation 0.57). Gender, age, BMI, average RR interval, voxel size, trigger time and flip angle were found to be significant predictors of IQSs. |
| 2100 | Computer 150
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Quantitative Multi-contrast Vessel Wall Imaging in the Carotid Arteries: Preliminary Results on Reproducibility in Healthy Volunteers |
1Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, 2Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany, 3Institute for Imaging Science and Computational Modelling in Cardiovascular Medicine, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 4Neurology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany |
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Internal carotid artery stenosis is a major source of ischemic stroke. Assessment of plaque formation and longitudinal progression necessitates reproducibility of imaging and post-processing methods. In this study, preliminary results on the reproducibility of wall thickness measurements using 3D multi-contrast vessel wall imaging at two different time points in healthy volunteers are presented. Between the two exams, relative deviations of the vessel wall thickness were mostly below 10% and below 15% when comparing different sequences. In conclusion, reproducible assessment of the carotid arteries with multi-contrast vessel wall imaging is feasible. |
| 2101 | Computer 151
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Fetal cardiac MRI using rapid gradient-spoiled spiral imaging at 1.5 and 3T |
1Translational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 4Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 6Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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Recent advances in image acquisition and reconstruction techniques have allowed for dynamic imaging of the fetal heart using balanced SSFP (bSSFP). Here we demonstrate the use of a center-out spiral trajectory that is gradient spoiled to maintain temporal resolution and decrease banding from bSSFP. This technique is applied in adult volunteers for quantification of contrast and image sharpness, and is further demonstrated in two fetal subjects to display real-time and CINE recons of the fetal heart. |
| 2102 | Computer 152
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3D cardiac MR elastography can monitor therapy for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: feasibility in a porcine model |
1Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasingly common clinical syndrome with diagnostic challenges and no effective treatment which is characterized by increased cardiac filling pressures resulting in increased myocardial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in myocardial stiffness after pericardiectomy in a pig model of HFpEF, and to demonstrate the feasibility of Cardiac MR Elastography (CMRE) as a noninvasive tool to monitor treatment in HFpEF. Results show a significant decrease in myocardial stiffness aster pericardiectomy implying the potential of CMRE for treatment design, planning and monitoring for HFpEF in humans |
| 2103 | Computer 153
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Cardiac Strains from DENSE MRI: Evaluation of SNR Requirements and Strain Error using a Computational Phantom |
1Radiological Sciences Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiological Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI encodes high-resolution cardiac tissue displacements into the phase of the complex MR signal. However, due to the inherent difficulty of obtaining ground truth strain measurements in the beating heart, it remains unclear how image SNR impacts the bias and range of error for computed cardiac strains. In this work, we present a computational deforming heart-like phantom to evaluate cardiac strains computed using a widely available, open-source DENSE Image Analysis Tool. We show that a strain error range within 0.05 and near-zero median error bias can be achieved with SNR>20. |
| 2104 | Computer 154
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Estimating Aggregate Cardiomyocyte Shortening Using Diffusion and Displacement Encoded MRI |
1Radiological Sciences Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 2Radiological Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Orientation and deformation changes of left ventricular cardiomyocyte aggregates (“myofibers”) underlie many forms of cardiovascular disease. In vivo cardiomyocyte aggregate shortening (Eff) has mechanistic significance, but there exists no established technique to measure in vivo Eff. We present a pipeline to compute Eff by combining multi-slice Displacement Encoded with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI and in vivo cardiac Diffusion Tensor Imaging (cDTI) data. We show that Eff computed in healthy swine has decreased transmural variability compared to radial and circumferential strains. The spatial uniformity and mechanistic significance of Eff make it a compelling candidate for early detection of cardiac dysfunction. |
| 2105 | Computer 155
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Tiny Golden Angle Real-time Cardiac MRI in the Mouse Model |
1Core facility Small Animal Imaging, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, 2Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China, 3Department of Internal Medicine II, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany |
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Even though an established imaging method, small animal cardiac MRI is a time-consuming technique. Where self-gating techniques enabled wider-spread applications, acquisition times in the minute range for a single slice still limit its application for physiological stress or first-pass perfusion imaging. We translated the tiny golden angle sparse sense approach to small animal application. The technique was tested in ten animals and the resulting functional parameters compared with the self-gating approach. Further, initial application for pharmacological stress imaging was tested in three animals. |
| 2106 | Computer 156
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Fully Self-Gated Cardiac and Respiratory Motion-Resolved 5D MRI for Rapid Assessment of Left Ventricular Function |
1Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV and UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV and UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Cardiac magnetic resonance is the gold standard for left ventricular (LV) function assessment; however, current clinical protocols follow a rather complex workflow to plan and to acquire standard short-axis cine MR images. To simplify the workflow and remove these hurdles, we implemented and validated a time efficient free-running, free-breathing, fully self-gated cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved 5D MRI framework with isotropic spatial resolution. Assessment of LV function using the proposed framework and conventional 2D cines demonstrated good agreement between both techniques. When compared to the conventional approach, the proposed framework improves time efficiency and facilitates workflow. |
| 2107 | Computer 157
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Fast and reproducible right ventricular longitudinal strain is a sensitive marker of pulmonary arterial hypertension |
1National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 2West China Hospital, Chengdu, China, 3Wuhan Union Hospital, Wuhan, China, 4Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore, 5WuHan Asia Heart Hospital, Wuhan, China, 6National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore, 7National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 8National University Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore, 9KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore |
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Survival of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is closely related to right ventricular (RV) function. This study aims to introduce a fast global longitudinal strain (GLS) measurement for RV function assessment by automatically tracking the distance variation between tricuspid annular insertion points and the RV apical epicardium. The intra- and inter-observer variation of coefficients range from 3.9% to 5.7% with processing time averaging 32 ± 8 seconds per subject. Results demonstrate that lower fast GLS measurements are closely related to impaired RV function and higher risks in PAH. |
| 2108 | Computer 158
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A fast and semi-automated approach for assessing left ventricular longitudinal strain with cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in heart failure with preserved and mid-range ejection fraction |
1National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore, 2Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore |
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This study aimed to study the left ventricular (LV) longitudinal deformation by a semi-automated and rapid assessable strain parameter (i.e. global longitudinal strain, GLS) with standard cardiovascular magnetic resonance images. Study population consisted of 50 normal controls, 60 patients with heart failure (10 HFpEF, 10 HFmrEF and 40 HFrEF) and 10 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Average processing time of the fast strain measurement method was 78 ± 8 seconds per case with intra- and inter-observer variations ranging from 3.3% to 5.8%. Results demonstrated that the fast and reproducible GLS is a powerful independent predictor in patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF. |
| 2109 | Computer 159
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Elimination or Minimization in Depth of Sedation in Pediatric Cardiac Patients Considered High-Risk for Anesthesia: Using CArdioREspiratory Synchronized (CARESync) Balanced Steady-State Free Precession Cine Imaging |
1Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States |
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General anesthesia (GA), while not always required, is frequently necessary in infants and children undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) based on risk-benefit of breath-hold under GA v/s diagnostic value of the images. Primarily, requirement of breath-hold for cine imaging to evaluate ventricular volumes and function, a key prognostic measure in spectrum of congenital heart diseases, governs the administration of anesthesia. Our experience demonstrates that completely free-breathing-CMR studies including CArdio-REspiratory Synchronized cine imaging allow elimination of anesthesia or minimization in depth of sedation while providing diagnostic morphologic, functional, and pathophysiologic evaluation in young children, and adolescents considered high-risk for anesthesia. |
| 2110 | Computer 160
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Compressed Sensing CMR Cine Imaging for Assessment of Left Ventricular Function and Mass |
1Zhengzhou University & Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 2Henan Province People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, 3Fuwai Centrol China, Zhengzhou, China |
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The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of left ventricular (LV) volumes and mass with innovative single breath-hold compression sensing (CS) cine CMR. 154 patients were enrolled for two techniques CMR cine. Two radiologists evaluated the image quality. LV volumes and mass were quantificationally analyzed. The image quality score of CS cine was slightly worse (4.7 ± 0.5 vs. 4.2 ± 0.7, Z = -5.934, p < 0.0001). All LV volumes and mass with two techniques were no significant differences (p > 0.05). CS cine CMR may replace the multiple breath-holds cine CMR. |
| 2111 | Computer 161
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Four-dimensional whole-heart cine imaging with isotropic resolution in one single breath-hold: initial results |
1Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 3LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland |
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In cardiac MRI, the evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is based on well-defined protocols and involves a stack of 2D cine images acquired during multiple breath-holds. This procedure is time-consuming and may result in suboptimal coverage and inter-slice misregistration. Here, a novel acquisition protocol for 3D cine imaging with whole-heart coverage in one single breath-hold with isotropic spatial resolution is described and tested in 10 subjects in comparison to the 2D gold-standard. All 2D datasets and 9/10 3D datasets were considered adequate for LVEF calculation. Bland-Altman analysis of LVEF shows good agreement and no bias between the two measurements. |
| 2112 | Computer 162
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Left ventricular longitudinal contribution to stroke volume in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia and normal pregnancy compared to non-pregnant controls |
1Clinical Physiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 2Physiotherapy, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 3Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden |
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We hypothesized that cardiac pumping in healthy pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia would be affected by the increased volume load on the heart during normal pregnancy and increased pressure load in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia. The aim of this study was therefore to compare healthy pregnant women and women with preclampsia to healthy non-pregnant controls matched for age and cardiac index. The results were unexpected. Women with preeclampsia did not differ compared to healthy non-pregnant controls, whereas healthy pregnant women had significantly lower atrioventricular plane displacement and consequently a lower longitudinal contribution to stroke volume. |
| 2113 | Computer 163
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Highly Accelerated Balanced SSFP Cardiac Cine 3D-DENSE Quantifies Human 3D Myocardial Strain |
1MRI Research Center, Auburn University, Auburn University, AL, United States |
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Quantification of 2D and 3D myocardial strain at cine frame-rates has been previously demonstrated with echo-planar and spiral sequence versions of Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE). However, these non-conventional acquisition methods, with their sensitivities to off-resonance, has hindered their integration into mainstream cardiac MRI application. Here we present a more conventional, but highly accelerated, balanced SSFP (bSSFP) version of Cardiac Cine 3D-DENSE for application to human subjects. In vivo human scans at 3T demonstrated good agreement of myocardial radial (Err), circumferential (Ecc) and longitudinal Ell) strain values between bSSFP 3D-DENSE to those reported in previous literature. |
| 2114 | Computer 164
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Reliability and accuracy of pediatric ventricular function analysis by short axis 'single-cycle-stack-advance' single-shot compressed sensing cines in minimal breath hold time |
1Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany |
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Cardiac cine SSFP by compressed sensing for ventricular volumetric analysis is promising for patients unable to tolerate long scanning sessions, as previously reported. We investigate a method requiring shorter breath-hold duration, robust to free-breathing if necessary, and assess its reliability and measurement accuracy for biventricular volume analysis in pediatric patients. |
| 2115 | Computer 165
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Free-breathing left atrial volumetric cine imaging and strain mapping with interleaved radial, multi-band self-gating, UNFOLD, and parallel imaging |
1Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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We developed a multi-slice free-breathing volumetric GRE cine imaging sequence for generating a 3D peak strain map for the left atrium. The sequence uses interleaved radial acquisition and a novel multi-band self-gating technique, accelerated with UNFOLD, and parallel imaging. The method was validated in 8 healthy subjects against alternative motion-correction methods. The results showed a stable performance using multi-band self-gating, and a sufficient image quality to generate a 3D strain map using feature tracking. This method provides a novel approach to interrogate the relationship between left atrial fibrosis, quantified by 3D left atrial gadolinium enhancement, and left atrial strain. |
| 2116 | Computer 166
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Sex Differences in Cardiac Biomechanics of Healthy Volunteers |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 2Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 3Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, 4Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States |
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The prevalence and prognoses of cardiac diseases differ between men and women due to a number of physiological factors. However, the implications of these differences on cardiac flow dynamics are not yet fully understood. In this study, healthy volunteers were imaged with four-dimensional flow and bSSFP MRI. Differences were observed between metrics of ventricular kinetic energy, ventricular flow vorticity, myocardial strain, and efficiency indices. Results may, in part, explain the hypothesized physiological protective effects of the pre-menopausal female heart, and their relevance to efficient cardiac flow dynamics. |
| 2117 | Computer 167
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Quantitative comparison between Multislice 2D Breath-hold Cartesian and Free-breathing Anisotropic FOV 3D Golden Angle Radial Stack-of-Stars for functional cardiac MRI |
1Division MR Clinical Science, Philips, Best, Netherlands, 2Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands |
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Radial trajectories are ideal in dynamic imaging due to its robustness to flow and motion. Multislice 2D Breath-hold Cartesian acquisition is still the most used approach to acquire functional cardiac MRI. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of Free-breathing 3D Radial stack-of-stars imaging with in-plane anisotropic FOV. The prosed approach can reduce imaging times in acquisitions where the object dimensions are anisotropic, while still enabling a reliable Ejection Fraction estimation. |
| 2118 | Computer 168
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Inversion Recovery Cardiac and Respiratory Self-gated Simultaneous Acquisition of Cine and LGE Images Using a Golden-angle Spiral Pulse Sequence |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 4Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa city, IA, United States, 5Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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We proposed an inversion recovery respiratory and cardiac self-gated continuous spiral acquisition pulse sequence to acquire cine and LGE images simultaneously. Data is acquired using a single spiral interleaf, rotated by the golden-angle in time, with an inversion pulse applied every 5 seconds. Cine images were reconstructed from the steady state portion of the signal using L+S, while LGE images were reconstructed from the data at a specific TI after each inversion pulse using SPIRiT. This strategy will enable whole heart cine and LGE imaging in less than 5 minutes without the need for breath holding or ECG gating. |
| 2119 | Computer 169
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Optimization of cardiac functional magnetic resonance imaging at 7T |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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In this study, we provide preliminary data from phantom and in vivo scans for optimizing 7T cardiac functional imaging. The results show that high-quality cardiac functional imaging can be achieved at 7T by optimizing the scan settings and imaging parameters, especially to mitigate B1 inhomogeneity effects. Adjusting the imaging flip angle and adding dielectric pads to the imaged region-of-interest could help improve B1 homogeneity and reduce signal nulling effects. High spatial and temporal resolutions and improved tagging persistence achieved at 7T allows for accurate global and regional cardiac function measurements and access to information not available at lower field strengths. |
| 2120 | Computer 170
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Sex Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-Related Left Ventricular Remodeling |
1Department fo Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China, 3Siemens Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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This study aimed at demonstrate the influence of gender difference on T2DM related LV structural, functional, as well as interstitial remodeling. Short-axis cine imaging and pre- and post-contrast T1 mappings were analyzed in 62 T2DM patients and 40 healthy controls. Significant LV concentric remodeling was noted in female T2DM population while male patients exhibited extracellular matrix remodeling and diastolic dysfunction. |
| 2121 | Computer 171
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Longitudinal study of ventricular remodeling in tetralogy of Fallot patients using CMR coupled with biomechanical modeling |
1Inria Saclay Ile-de-France, Palaiseau, France, 2King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3LMS, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, 4Division of Pediatric Cardiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 5Evelina London Children’s Hospital, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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We employ a biophysical modeling framework to augment the information obtained from cardiovascular MRI data of patients with chronic pulmonary valve regurgitation in order to assist in optimal timing of pulmonary valve replacement therapy (PVR). The longitudinal follow-up of patients post-PVR shows no significant change in ventricular ejection fraction. However, the model is able to detect a decreasing request on generation of active myocardial stress while not decreasing the cardiac output – presumably favorable with the long-term prognosis of the heart. Coupling biophysical modeling with MRI data has the potential to further augment the diagnostic value of MRI. |
| 2122 | Computer 172
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Right ventricular strain and smoking-related parameters: a correlational research |
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, 2GE healthcare, Beijing, China |
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Smoking is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease and other cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we analyzed the correlation between right ventricular strain and smoking-related parameters of 22 smoking volunteers and found that there was a positive statistical correlation between right ventricular radial strain, circumferential strain and smoking-related parameters respectively when the right ventricular ejection fraction was normal. Therefore, it is concluded that the right ventricle has a compensatory capacity for smoking on the heart for a certain period of time. |
| 2123 | Computer 173
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PyMRStrain: A Python Library for the Generation of SPAMM, C-SPAMM, and DENSE Synthetic Images |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Institute for Biological and Medical Enginnering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine, and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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The generation of synthetic MR images allows the testing of several for postprocessing methodologies under controlled conditions. In this work, we developed an |
| 2124 | Computer 174
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High Resolution Real-time Spiral Cine with Whole Heart Coverage in Under 30 Seconds |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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This study develops a spiral-in/out bSSFP pulse sequence combined with a low rank plus sparse (L+S) reconstruction method for free-breathing ungated high resolution real-time cine with whole heart coverage. Within 30 seconds, this proposed method achieves total ten slices spiral cardiac movies with an in-plane 1.37 x 1.37 mm2 spatial resolution and 40 ms temporal resolution. |
| 2125 | Computer 1
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Transfer Learning Based Automated Myocardial T2 and Extracellular Volume Quantification |
1Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States |
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Manual analysis of myocardial tissue mapping is time consuming. Deep learning has a potential to facilitate the analysis but requires big training datasets. In this study, a deep fully convolutional neural network, trained using native T1 mapping dataset, is used for T2 and extracellular volume (ECV) quantification based on transfer learning. We prospectively acquired T2 (401 patients) and ECV maps (381 patients) to access the network performance. Compared with the manually analyzed reference values, the transfer learning-based automated analysis platform shows good performance for myocardial T2 and ECV mapping. The platform has potential to fully automate myocardial tissue mapping. |
| 2126 | Computer 2
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Multi-Band SPIRiT Strategies for Improved Simultaneous Multi-slice Myocardial $$$T_1$$$ Mapping |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany |
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Myocardial T1 mapping is typically performed with three or more breath-holds, each covering one slice. This leads to patient discomfort and long exam times. Recently, simultaneous multi-slice/multi-band (SMS/MB) imaging was proposed to improve coverage and reduce scan time. It was shown that k-space interpolation outperformed SENSE-type reconstructions in terms of T1 precision. However, the slice-GRAPPA approach is a kernel estimation approach and does not allow for additional regularization. In this work, we sought to use a SPIRiT approach for improving SMS/MB myocardial T1 mapping by performing regularized multi-band reconstruction. |
| 2127 | Computer 3
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Automatic Analysis of Multicycle Real-time MRI for the Assessment of Variable Cardiac Function based on Multi-orientation U-net Segmentation |
1Institute for Cardiovascular Computer-assisted Medicine, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Fraunhofer MEVIS, Berlin, Germany, 3Universitaetsmedizin Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany, 4Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 5Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, NJ, United States, 6Max-Planck-Institut fuer biophysikalische Chemie, Goettingen, Germany |
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Real time MRI is a promising modality for the measurement or myocardial function without the need for breath-holding or ECG triggering. To enable the quantitative assessment of non-temporally aligned image slices representing multiple heartcycles we present an automatic image analysis approach based on a segmentation using the U-net convolutional neural network model. The comparison of segmentation masks with reference data show a very good DICE coefficient of 0.94. The comparison of quantitative results achieved based on the expert-corrected conventional segmentation shows promising results and suggests that further improvement can be achieved through parameter adaptation. |
| 2128 | Computer 4
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Automated Image Quality Assessment in 5D Whole-Heart MRI Aimed at Guiding Readers of High-Dimensional Dynamic Imaging |
1Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare AG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Center for Neuroprosthetics/Institutes of Bioengineering and Electrical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland, 5LTS5, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland |
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A neural network trained to assess the quality of whole-heart coronary MRA images acquired with a respiratory self-navigated ECG-triggered bSSFP sequence was tested on images from a similar, but continuous non-ECG-triggered counterpart. Since cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved reconstructions of such acquisitions oftentimes consist of up to 150 individual 3D volumes, it is desirable to be able to automatically identify the volume with highest image quality for initial display to the reader. We found that the best image quality according to the neural network agreed with human visual assessment and was found in volumes corresponding to cardiac resting phases at end-expiration. |
| 2129 | Computer 5
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Free-Breathing, Self-Navigated and Dynamic 3-D Multi-Contrast Cardiac CINE Imaging Using Cartesian Sampling and Compressed Sensing |
1Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, 2Magnetic Resonance, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany |
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We present a free-breathing multi-contrast 3-D cardiac CINE acquisition and reconstruction technique based on Compressed Sensing. Inversion pulses were repeatedly applied during a continuous acquisition to sample contrast- and cardiac-resolved 3-D data, while a self-navigation method was applied for respiratory gating. Validation was performed in a phantom, showing recovery curves and T1* maps in good correlation to known T1 values for the phantom as well as a MOLLI reference measurement. Feasibility for in-vivo application was demonstrated in a healthy volunteer. |
| 2130 | Computer 6
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Left-atrial global longitudinal strain as an imaging biomarker of cardiac amyloidosis |
1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a clinical disorder that could result in early death. MRI is a valuable modality for diagnosis of CA, where late-gadolinium enhancement is typically used for assessing adverse outcomes. However, in the era of unknown long-term effects of the gadolinium, there is a need to investigate alternative imaging biomarkers associated with CA, which is the primary aim of this study. The secondary aim is to evaluate the association between MRI variables and mortality in CA. The results demonstrated that depressed left-atrial global longitudinal strain is significantly associated with biopsy-proven CA, independent of other MRI and clinical measures. |
| 2131 | Computer 7
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Automatic Cardiac Resting Phase Detection for Static Cardiac Imaging Using Deep Neural Networks |
1Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany, 2Magnetic Resonance, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, 3 Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Princeton, NJ, United States, 4Diagnostikum Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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To perform static cardiac imaging, manual inspection of CINE images is currently necessary to detect a quiescent window within the cardiac cycle. We propose an automated system using two chained Deep Neural Networks to determine localized end-systolic and end-diastolic resting phases. The first network finds a region of interest (e.g. RCA, right or left atrium) and the second determines a quantitative motion curve for this region. Training and evaluation was performed on data from volunteers and patients acquired on different scanners and field strengths and a comparison to manually annotated resting phases showed accuracy in the range of 35ms. |
| 2132 | Computer 8
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Fully Automated Cardiac Bounding Box Detection for Localized Higher-Order Shimming Using Deep Learning |
1Siemens Healthcare Private Ltd., Bangalore, India, 2Vidya Vardhaka College of Engineering, Mysore, India, 3Syngo, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Forchheim, Germany, 4Magnetic Resonance, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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Localized higher-order shimming is a common method for improving image quality in phase sensitive sequences used in cardiac imaging, but requires the manual placement of a three-dimensional bounding box around the heart in which the localized shimming is performed. We present an automated method for detecting such a bounding box from the localizer images using Deep Learning. Two-dimensional bounding boxes are first detected in each localizer slice and then combined to one three-dimensional bounding box. We compare two approaches, either training individual models for each localizer orientation or a joint model for all orientations. |
| 2133 | Computer 9
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Cardiac short-axis slice range classification via transfer learning: Evaluation of seven popular deep CNNs |
1Sogang University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 2Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of |
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In cardiac MRI, left ventricle (LV) segmentation typically follows the identification of a short-axis slice range, which may require a manual procedure. The standard cardiac image processing guidelines indicate the importance of correct identification of the slice range. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of deep learning in automatically classifying the slice range. Images were classified into one of three categories: out-of-apical (OAP), apical-to-basal (IN), and out-of-basal (OBS). We developed our in-house user interface to label image slices into one of the three categories for learning. We evaluated the performance of the models, fine-tuned from seven popular deep CNNs. |
| 2134 | Computer 10
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Fast and Robust T1-mapping using Convolutional Neural Networks |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 4Medicine, Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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The pixel-wise nonlinear regression method for T1-mapping is susceptible to noise. We propose a convolutional neural network framework for fast and robust cardiac MRI T1-mapping. A dense type of architecture is used for producing denoised T1-maps. Results show the proposed framework improves PSNR by 6dB compared to the pixel-wise nonlinear regression. The Wilcoxon signed rank test shows a significant reduction in the standard deviation of T1-values produced by the proposed method as compared to nonlinear regression. After training, the time required for producing one T1-map from the undersampled images is 6.45 seconds. |
| 2135 | Computer 11
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Automated measurement of peri-organ visceral adipose tissue in MRI as a powerful biomarker of metabolic profile |
1Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France, Paris, France, 2Unité de recherche sur les maladies cardiovasculaires, du métabolisme et de la nutrition (UMRS 1166), NutriOmics team 6, and Nutrition department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France, Paris, France, 3Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France, Paris, France, 4Unité de recherche sur les maladies cardiovasculaires, du métabolisme et de la nutrition (UMRS 1166), NutriOmics team 6, and Nutrition department, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France Département d’Imagerie CardioVasculaire et de Radiologie Interventionnelle et Thoracique (DICVRIT), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France Département d’Imagerie CardioVasculaire et de Radiologie Interventionnelle et Thoracique (DICVRIT), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France, Paris, France |
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The aim of this work is to develop an automatic segmentation algorithm to classify truncular adipose tissue into different compartments. MRI acquisitions including cine-SSFP and DIXON imaging were performed at 1.5 T in 117 individuals (metabolic patients and healthy controls). Fat maps were filtered with a top-hat filter to correct intensity inhomogeneities. An active contour and a k-means algorithms were used to discriminate the SAT and the VAT. Accurate and reproducible quantification of the adipose tissue is crucial for metabolic studies since they serve as good indicators of metabolic and associated cardiovascular risks. |
| 2136 | Computer 12
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Application of Deep Learning Reconstruction for Denoising of Compressed Sensing non-contrast coronary MRA images to achieve improved Diagnostic Confidence. |
1Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan, 4Canon Medical Research USA, Inc., Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Non-contrast Magnetic resonance coronary artery (MRCA) image acquisition has technical limitations of long acquisition time or reduced image resolution. We explore the use of a denoising approach with deep learning image reconstruction (dDLR) from k-space data. We investigate the effect of various levels of dDLR on Compressed Sensing non-contrast MRCA (CS-MRCA) images and optimize dDLR algorithms that achieve the best diagnostic confidence (DC) and a high signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR). |
| 2137 | Computer 13
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High-Resolution Dynamic Myocardial T1 Mapping Using Low Rank Tensor Regularization Methods |
1Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, University Medical Center, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, 4University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Recently a new method called TOPAZ was developed for cardiac phase-resolved myocardial T1 mapping, which is performed in breath-hold duration that subsequently limits its spatial resolution. These datasets are multidimensional which makes tensor regularization a natural fit for regularization. In this work, we sought to compare different tensor regularization techniques to enable high-resolution TOPAZ acquisitions. |
| 2138 | Computer 14
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Evaluation of Cumulative Perimetric Ratio as Quantitative Index for Degree of Left Ventricular Myocardial Trabeculations in Adolescents and Young Adults: Potential Biomarker for Left Ventricular Non-compaction |
1Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States |
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Balanced steady-state free precession imaging distinguishes the non-compacted left ventricular (LV) myocardial trabeculation (NC) from compacted myocardium (C). However, current diagnostic criterion (NC/C length ratio > 2.3) for left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) suffers from subjective variability and tends to over-diagnose. Cumulative perimetric ratio (CPR) derived from epi and endocardial contours routinely drawn for LV functional analysis provides comprehensive measure of irregularity and extent of the LV trabeculations overcoming the inherent morphologic variability from base to apex. CPR has a potential to serve as a valuable biomarker for prominent trabeculations, complementary to NC/C length and mass ratios. |
| 2139 | Computer 15
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Fully automatic segmentation of cine cardiac MR images based on deep learning: an open-source toolbox with a failure alarm mechanism |
1Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan |
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In this study, we implemented a open-source toolbox for heart segmentation and analysis based on a deep-learning algorithm. We evaluated the accuracy of the system using the ACDC datasets provided in STACOM 2017. Also, we developed an alarm mechanism in this system to report the potential failure of the analysis procedures. |
| 2140 | Computer 16
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View-independent cardiac MRI segmentation with rotation-based training and testing augmentation using a dilated convolutional neural network |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Left and right ventricle segmentation is an important step in quantitative analysis of cardiac MR images. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have shown great improvement and are quickly becoming the mainstream methods. One challenge in cardiac MRI segmentation from short-axis images is the variability of the imaging views and the fact that CNN is not rotation-invariant. To address this issue, we trained a view-independent network and further improved its performance with a rotation-based testing augmentation. Consistent improvement in performance was obtained as measured by Dice scores and visual contour quality. |
| 2141 | Computer 17
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Highly accelerated cardiac imaging using a high-density 72 channel local receiver array at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 2Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands, 4Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 5MR Coils B.V., Zaltbommel, Netherlands |
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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR) protocols can be extremely time consuming, expensive, and uncomfortable for the patient. The purpose of this study is to evaluated the acceleration performance for CINE CMR in-vivo scans using a 72 channel high-density coil array at 3 Tesla. We demonstrate highly accelerated CINE imaging within a single breath hold with acceptable SNR and minimal SENSE artifacts. |
| 2142 | Computer 18
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Manifold recovery in cardiac dynamic MRI (dMRI) with different reduction factors |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 2Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 3Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Manifold models have been developed as an effective tool in dynamic MRI recently. With the abilities of characterizing the relationship between dMRI images series, they could be used to reconstruct high-quality image series from MRI data sampled below the Nyquist rate. However, the amount of MRI data required by manifold recovery is not clear yet. In this study, we did some simulation experiments to investigate the relationship between image quality of cardiac dynamic MRI and reduction factor, and proposed an optimized reduction factor considering both image quality and acquisition efficiency. |
| 2143 | Computer 19
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MRI-Derived Virtual Fractional Flow Reserve (vFFR): Preliminary Results |
1Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Tech and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Preliminary results are presented for calculation of virtual fractional flow reserve (vFFR) using magnetic resonance coronary angiography and phase-contrast magnetic resonance to define the boundary conditions for a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. |
| 2144 | Computer 20
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Usefulness of Left Ventricular Flow Component Analysis in Patients with Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease Insufficiency |
1University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Circle Cardiovascular Imaging Inc., Calgary, AB, Canada |
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Acute aortic insufficiency (AI) is often developed in patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV). Flow component analysis (FCA) derived from 4D flow MRI can be used as a novel marker of LV function worsening. This study aimed to explore the value of FCA in the assessment of AI severity in BAV patients. |
| 2145
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Computer 21
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Carotid plaque composition segmentation in multi-contrast MRI with U-net |
1Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, 3Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States |
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Carotid plaques may cause strokes, the composition of which is crucial for assessing the risk. While multi-contrast plaque magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful technology, it is both tedious and error-prone for a radiologist to review these images, and traditional analytic algorithm relying on manually crafted features perform poorly as well. We propose a novel approach with deep convolutional neural network (CNN), to be specific, U-net, to segment these plaque tissues. Some modifications on loss functions, convolution patterns and training protocols help our model perform well. On a dataset of 1098 subjects, we show that we achieve significantly better accuracy than previous models. |
| 2146 | Computer 22
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Myocardial permeability mapping analysis framework with an optimized Residual Complexity based registration |
1IADI, INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France, 2CIC-IT 1433, INSERM, Université de Lorraine and CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France, 3Pôle Imagerie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France, 4Pôle Cardiologie, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France |
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Myocardial perfusion data registration is challenging because of the inherent contrast variation in addition to cardiac and respiratory motions. Residual Complexity (RC) has been proposed as a new intensity based similarity measure for registration and has been reported to be more robust to contrast variation compared to other minimization indicators. In this work, we proposed a myocardial permeability maps framework with an optimization of a RC-based registration algorithm. We evaluated the performance of this algorithm, in comparison with MOCO and with no correction, on image quality and permeability maps. |
| 2147 | Computer 23
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Deep Learning for Radial SMS Myocardial Perfusion Reconstruction |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2UCAIR, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 3Radiology and Imaging Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 4Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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Although dynamic contrast enhanced MRI has been successfully applied for characterizing coronary artery diseases, an acquisition scheme limited to 2-4 short axis slices restricts coverage of the left ventricle. Radial simultaneous multi-slice has been shown to improve DCE cardiac perfusion by providing complete coverage of the left ventricle but also requires an increase in reconstruction time. Here we propose using a modified Unet with a residual artifact learning framework to improve reconstruction time and image quality of spatio-temporal constrained reconstruction methods for radial SMS datasets. Results demonstrate promising improvements with a speed up in reconstruction by a factor of ~150. |
| 2148 | Computer 24
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Inline Myocardial Perfusion flow mapping and Analysis: Powered by Gadgetron Inline AI |
1National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States, 2National Amyloidosis Centre, RoyalFree Hospital, London, United Kingdom, 3Barts Heart Centre, London, United Kingdom |
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This abstract presents an AI powered system to perform automated quantitative perfusion flow mapping and analysis on the MR scanner. The key components consist of deep neural network models to a) detect LV on AIF image series and b) segment myocardium to generate AHA bull's eye plot. This solution was implemented in Gadgetron framework and has been deployed to clinical MR scanners. As a result, pixel-wise perfusion flow maps with segmentation of myocardium is automatically generated and available on the MR scanner shortly after the end of data acquisition. |
| 2149 | Computer 25
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Self-Navigated, Free-Breathing 3D Left Atrial Late Gadolinium Enhancement MRI with Stack-of-Stars k-space Sampling and GRASP Reconstruction: A Preliminary Study for Quantification of Atrial Fibrosis |
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Given the thin nature of the left atrial (LA) wall (1-3 mm) and the need to perform respiratory gating with navigator echoes, the clinical translation of LA late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) MRI has proven difficult. This study describes a self-navigated, free-breathing 3D LA LGE pulse sequence with stack-of-stars k-space sampling and GRASP reconstruction. This study shows initial experience in quantifying LA fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing ablation therapy. |
| 2150 | Computer 26
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Doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity highlighted from the combination of CMR, exercise tests data and CircAdapt model. |
1Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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This study aims to discriminate three risk groups of leukemia survivors investigating subtle changes in their myocardium mechanical properties. Volumes extracted from cine-MRI images coupled to incremental exercise data allowed the quantification of the mechanical properties of the left ventricle using a reverse material identification approach based on the CircAdapt model. While both passive and active properties did not show significant changes in ALL survivors between risk groups, the increased arteriovenous pressure drop suggested that the cardioprotective agent entailed a compensation of the cardiac function through the peripheral components of the oxygen delivery chain. |
| 2151 | Computer 27
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Acceleration Factor Analysis of Different Dedicated 8Tx/16Rx Coil Arrays for Cardiac MRI at 7T |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany |
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Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in cardiac MRI (cMRI) is a parameter associated with the field strength, the parallel imaging (PI) acceleration factor and the geometry of receive array element arrangement (g-factor). The purpose of this work was to evaluate four different arrays with symmetrical and asymmetrical distribution of 16RX and 8TX elements ex-vivo in swine at 7T MRI. The asymmetrical design proved to be superior with regard to SNR and image homogeneity. |
| 2152 | Computer 28
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The Prognostic Role of Syncope and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Based Left Ventricular Myocardium Deformation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy(ARVC) Patients |
1Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, 2MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., Shanghai, China., Chengdu, China, 3West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China |
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To explore prognostic role of clinical characteristics and CMR based strains in ARVC patients. CMR was performed in 45 ARVC patients. LV global strains in ARVC patients was significantly reduced than controls. Patients with syncope had statistically lower LV global stains and greater LGE incidence than without syncope. At 1037.51 ± 603.38 days mean follow-up, 14 patients reached end point. By univariate and multivariate regression analysis, syncope (OR= 48.66, [4.20-564.46]; P=0.002) and GLS> -12.72% (OR= 16.96, [1.79-160.66]; P=0.014) remained significantly associated with end point. Therefore, our study found syncope and GLS> -12.72% could predict adverse events in patients with ARVC |
| 2153 | Computer 29
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Incremental value of cardiac deformation analysis in Fulminant Myocarditis: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging study |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, Wuhan, China, 2Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, Wuhan, China |
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Newer quantitative myocardial T1 and T2 mapping and feature-tracking (FT) myocardial strain analysis might add additional diagnostic information and further broaden the diagnostic targets. This study demonstrate that the assessment of cardiac strains applying FT on standard cine images is feasible in patients with fulminant myocarditis. And Cardiac strains parameters, especially, global peak systolic circumferential and longitudinal strain are significantly impaired in patients with FM. Myocardial strain metrics can sufficiently discriminate between FM and NFAM patients and show basic associations with the extent of myocardial inflammation. |
| 2154 | Computer 30
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Free-breathing Multi-Phase MRI using Deep Learning-based Respiratory Motion Compensation |
1Radiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiolog, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5siemens, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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To minimize respiratory motion-induced image blurring and artifacts, conventional cardiothoracic and abdominal MRI techniques rely mostly on breath-holding. These approaches result in limited time window for data acquisition, especially in many ill patients who are unable to breath-hold for an extended period of time. In this study, we employed deep learning as a promising tool for detection and correction of complex respiratory motion during free-breathing MRI scanning. On average, our proposed network increased the sharpness of the images 20 percent. |
| 2155 | Computer 31
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Analysis of Sampling Strategies for Convolutional Neural Network Based Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 2Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 3Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States, 4Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States |
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Recently, convolutional neural network (CNN) based fast cardiac image reconstruction techniques have shown the potential to produce rapid, high quality reconstructions from under-sampled data. However, the relationship between the k-space sampling strategy, image content, training process and reconstruction performance has not been extensively studied. To address this, our study trained different CNN based cardiac image reconstruction models for different image content and various sampling patterns. We showed that better reconstruction results were achieved when using mixed image content as training data and distributing more energy at the center of k-space. Radial acquisition showed the lowest RMSE suggesting potential improvement of CNN performance with non-Cartesian acquisition. |
| 2156 | Computer 32
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Assessing the effects of substrate modulation on cardiac function and metabolism in the rodent heart with CINE MRI and hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate |
1Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, 2John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Oxford, United Kingdom |
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Heart failure is associated with reduced cardiac energetics and this has been linked to impaired substrate utilization. We have assessed in rats how cardiac function and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) flux change upon substrate manipulation, by varying plasma non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels with acipimox injections in both fed and fasted rats. We found that NEFA depletion in fasted rats led to cardiac systolic dysfunction which may be explained by an insufficient compensatory increase in PDH flux boosting glucose oxidation. This model of substrate-manipulation heart failure could be used to assess potential heart-failure drugs in the future. |
| 2157 | Computer 33
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Radial LC-SSFP for Left Atrial Cine Imaging |
1Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States, 2University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom |
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Balanced steady-state free precession (b-SSFP) imaging of left atrial cine is severely affected by off-resonance artefacts, particularly in the pulmonary veins. Acquisition and combination of data sets with different phase-cyclings has been shown to remove banding artefacts with a trade-off in scan time. The purpose of this work is to present an approach to banding artefact removal in b-SSFP imaging for left atrial cine. We propose the use of interleaved, undersampled radial projections with LC-SSFP. This method provides increased pulmonary vein conspicuity and image quality with only minor increase in scan time and streaking artefact. |
| 2158 | Computer 34
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3D stack of spirals MRI with extra motion-state dimensions: a feasibility study |
1Institute of Cardiovascular Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom, 2Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, United Kingdom |
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It has been previously shown that a 3D golden ratio stack of spirals sequence is suitable for fast thoracic MRI, including cardiac gated and elapsed time reconstructions. This work examines the feasibility of including a respiratory motion-state dimension. 5D thoracic datasets have been reconstructed using ESPIRiT to resolve along the cardiac and respiratory cycles. Although challenges exist, preliminary testing indicates that this is an effective method to increase data efficiency, thereby improving image quality and/or reducing the time of acquisition. |
| 2159 | Computer 35
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Demonstration of Circumferential Heterogeneity in Displacement and Strain in the Abdominal Aortic Wall by Spiral Cine DENSE MRI |
1Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 2Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States, 3Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, United States, 4Siemens, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Herein, we describe a method for implementation of cine DENSE imaging in the abdominal aortic wall. The method uses in house software to post-process and track displacement of intermural pixels and applies a quadrilateral based solution to measure strain. This new method permits the measurement of circumferential heterogeneity of both displacement and strain. |
| 2160 | Computer 36
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A preliminary study on the mechanism of left ventricular myocardial strain in patients with pulmonary hypertension |
1Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, WUHAN, China, 2Department of Radiology, Wuhan General Hospital of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, WUHAN, China, 3MR Collaboration，Siemens Healthcare Ltd，Shanghai，China, SHANGHAI, China |
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There is little understanding about the mechanism of left ventricular strain in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients at present. In this study, we compared left ventricular strain between PH patients and the healthy controls. For PH patients with preserved or mildly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the ventricular strain parameters decreased compared to the healthy controls. We found that left ventricular myocardial strain impairment in HP patients is associated with right ventricular overload of volume or pressure and decreased ejection capacity. |
| 2161 | Computer 37
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Robust free-breathing cardiac cine-MRI using a combination of serial motion averaging and Compressed SENSE |
1Department of Radioligical Services, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 2Department of Diagnostic imaging & Nuclear Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan, 3Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan |
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The present study investigates the clinical utility of cardiac cine-MRI using free-breathing scan with serial motion averaging (SMART) and Compressed-SENSE (C-SENSE). Left ventricular functional parameters derived from free-breathing SMART with C-SENSE showed good correlations to those from conventional breath-hold technique. Cine-MRI with C-SENSE can reduce both scan time (around 40% of the scan time) and burden of multiple breath-holdings without any penalty for the image quality; therefore, it might contribute to great advantages in routine clinical work. |
| 2162 | Computer 38
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Real-time strain encoding using echo planar imaging with centric reordering and parallel imaging |
1Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Siemens Healthineers, Columbus, OH, United States |
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We developed a realtime strain encoding technique using EPI readout with centric reordering and parallel imaging acceleration. This technique was tested in a strain phantom and normal volunteers to measure through-plane left ventricular strain. Quantified strains correlated well with fully sampled k-space acquisitions. The proposed technique allows larger field-of-view (FOV) and provides superior coverage of both left (LV) and right ventricles (RV) while maintaining equivalent temporal and spatial resolution as the fully sampled sequence. |
| 2163 | Computer 39
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Evaluation of Myocardial Motion in Patients with Fontan Circulation by Using Tissue Phase Mapping Cardiac Magnetic Resonance |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 2Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 3Faculty of Medicine & Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, 4Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 5Department of Pediatrics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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Patients with Fontan circulation nowadays have a well long-term survival with the improvement of post-surgery care and follow-up examination techniques. However, ventricular dysfunction and heart failure may occur in a couple years after surgery. To evaluate the risk of cardiac events in an early disease stage is important for patient managements. In this study, we measured myocardial motion velocity by tissue phase mapping. Fontan patients presented significantly decreased systolic and diastolic longitudinal velocity. In conclusion, evaluation of myocardial motion velocity could provide helpful information in detecting myocardial remodeling of functional ventricle in Fontan patients. |
| 2164 | Computer 40
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Intra-Exam Repeatability of CINE DENSE Strain in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
1Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, 5Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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Heart failure leads the causes of mortality in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the most common fatal genetic disorder. Circumferential strain (Ecc) is a promising biomarker for improved diagnosis and evaluation of therapy, but its repeatability has not been evaluated in a DMD cohort. The objective was to quantify the intra-exam repeatability of peak mid-wall circumferential (Ecc) strain derived from CINE DENSE in boys with DMD (N=11) compared to age-matched controls (N=10). Intra-scan repeatability was high, with a smallest detectable change in strain of 0.005, well under the previously reported 0.013±0.015 decrease in Ecc/year reported in boys with DMD. |
| 2165 | Computer 41
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Strain and Torsion Analysis of Left Ventricular Using Tissue Tracking to Evaluate Deterioration of Ventricular Function as MR Marker in Patients with Repaired Fontan |
1Shanghai children's medical center, Shanghai, China |
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At present, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the gold standard for the quantification of ventricular volume and ejection fraction in repaired Fontan patients [1]. However, left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) reflects the geometric change of LV, but not the contractile function of the myocardium [2]. Strain and torsion are new MRI markers to detect myocardial deformation using balanced steady state free precession (b-SSFP) cine imaging in CMR. Myocardial Strain has been shown as an earlier marker of contractile dysfunction than EF and a subclinical sign of heart muscle cells [3,4]. Torsion as a measurement of myocardial afterload, wall and fiber stresses is an important determinant of ventricular function and hypertrophy. Ventricular twist mechanics hold promise for better understanding mechanisms of ventricular dysfunction [5]. To best our acknowledge, There were much fewer data about the comparison between the prognostic value of perioperative NT-proBNP levels and MRI quantitative indexes in children after surgical repair of CHD. The study is to compare cardiac strains and torsion among the repaired Fontan patients with normal and abnormal NT- proBNP levels as well as healthy controls. We hypothesized that the global ventricular strain and torsion could be as MRI quantitative indexes for evaluation of deterioration of ventricular function in patients with repaired Fontan. |
| 2166 | Computer 42
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Multi-shot compressed sensing techniques accelerate cine sequence acquisition: an evaluation of diagnostic efficacy |
1Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, 2Application, Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China, 3Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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An evaluation of diagnostic efficacy study about compressed sensing techniques accelerates cine sequence acquisition, which quantitatively and qualitatively compares 3 kinds of cine sequences in CMR. |
| 2167 | Computer 43
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Comparison of Different Real-Time Sequences for Cardiac MRI |
1Department of Internal Medicine II, University Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany, 2Core Facility Small Animal Imaging (CF-SANI), Ulm University, Ulm, Germany |
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In this work we compare different real-time protocols for cardiac functional imaging. Image quality is assessed qualitatively and quantitatively and functional parameters are calculated from three short axis slices. All imaging methods are compared to the current ECG-gated, breathhold reference standard (BH-CINE). All real-time methods show acceptable visual image quality with only slight differences, which is supported by the quantitative analysis. The functional analysis shows slight systematic differences, but not on a statistically significant level. |
| 2168 | Computer 44
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Assessment of regional ventricular function in tetralogy of Fallot using strain analysis. Comparison of techniques |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, 2University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States |
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Assessment of ventricular function, especially in the right ventricle (RV), is important for cardiac evaluation in Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). MRI tissue tracking (TT) is a recently introduced technique for analyzing myocardial strain directly from the cine images. In this study, we evaluate the feasibility of using TT strain analysis for measuring myocardial contractility in ToF and compare the results to measurements from the more established strain-encoding (SENC) MRI technique. The results showed that TT strain analysis allows for fast assessment of heart contractility in ToF with global strain measurements that are insignificantly different from those from SENC analysis. |
| 2169 | Computer 45
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Optimization of cardiac functional MR imaging in rats. Image quality versus scan tolerance in sick animals |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Using MRI for studying cardiac function in rat models of radiation-therapy is important for better understanding of cardiotoxicity. In this study, we developed an optimized cardiac functional MRI protocol for rat imaging, and investigated the effects of changing imaging parameters on cardiac measurements. The results showed that blood-to-myocardium contrast-to-noise ratio in the cine images significantly affects ejection-fraction measurements, whereas reduced resolution has less effect on ejection-fraction. However, reduced resolution in the tagged images has significant effect on strain measurements, whereas tagline density has less effect, as long as sufficient resolution is maintained and more than one tagline intersects the myocardium. |
| 2170 | Computer 46
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CMR coupled to optical flow and virtual fields methods for the quantification of myocardial mechanical properties in cancer survivors. |
1Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Subtle changes in strains and mechanical proprieties of the myocardial tissue were assessed in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors using the optical flow and virtual field methods on CMR images. Significant changes between risk groups were observed on the strain in the 2 chambers view only. However, significant changes between risk groups were observed on the stresses, shear and Young’s moduli in all views. The dynamic elastic and shear moduli obtained along the cardiac cycle might be indicators of doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. |
| 2171 | Computer 47
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An Harmonic Phase Interpolation Method for the Estimation of Motion from Tagged MR Images |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Millennium Nucleus for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Santiago, Chile, 3Department of Electrical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 4Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 5Institute for Biological and Medical Enginnering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine, and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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Tagging MR is still considered the gold standard for motion quantification in the heart walls. Although there are several methods for postprocessing this kind of images, harmonic phase methods such as HARP and SinMod has been widely used because of its simplicity and reliable results. In this work, we present a novel Harmonic Phase Interpolation (HARP-I) for the estimation of motion, which has low noise sensitivity, performs better than HARP and SinMod, and does not depend on temporal resolution. |
| 2172 | Computer 48
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MR-derived both ventricular volumetric analyses with a semi-automatic threshold-based segmentation algorithm in congenital heart diseases: Head-to-head validation in human heart model. |
1Department of Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan, 2Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita,Osaka, Japan, 3Division of Pediatric Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita,Osaka, Japan |
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This study aimed to validate cine MRI-derived ventricular volume measurements with a semi-automatic threshold-based segmentation algorithm in a model of congenital heart disease, by comparing it with the standard method of manual tracing MRI and angiocardiography. This novel method allowed more accurate and objective ventricular volumetry in both ventricles of congenital heart diseases and will be of great help for practical use. |
| 2173 | Computer 49
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Role of Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of left ventricular function and myocardial stress difference in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
1Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China, 2Ningxia Medical University General Hospital, Yinchuan, China |
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Cardiac magnetic resonance multi-parameter imaging was used to evaluate left ventricular function and myocardial stress in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A series of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 34 patients with asymmetrical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy diagnosed by MRI, using CVI software. Cardiac function was detected, and 322 hypertrophic myocardial segments and 222 non-hypertrophic segments were characterized for post-tracking. According to the American Heart Association 17-segment rule, the strain parameters and left ventricle of 16 segments except the apex were measured. The overall strain parameters preliminarily concluded that the left ventricular global stress of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was lower than that of normal people; the peak radial strain, peak long axis strain, peak circumferential strain and peak diameter of hypertrophic myocardial segments in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy The strain rate and peak circumferential strain rate were significantly lower than the non-hypertrophic myocardial segments. |
| 2174 | Computer 50
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Association between myocardial strain and mortality in restrictive cardiomyopathy |
1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, 2Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare form of heart muscle disease that is characterized by restrictive ventricular filling. The overall prognosis of RCM is poor with progression to heart failure and mortality. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the association between myocardial strain and major RCM adverse events, such as death. The secondary aim is to assess the difference of MRI variables in RCM between women and men. The results demonstrated that decreased left-atrial longitudinal strain is significantly associated with mortality in RCM, independent of other MRI and clinical measures and beyond the need for gadolinium administration. |
| 2175 | Computer 51
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Non-contrast, free-breathing pulmonary perfusion imaging in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease using multi-slice FAIR at 1.5T |
1Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with anatomical abnormalities in the pulmonary arteries (PAs) which can result in asymmetric flow to the lungs, as well as an overall reduction in lung perfusion. Non-contrast pulmonary perfusion imaging using arterial spin labeling has the potential to provide both quantitative perfusion maps as well as a measure of asymmetric pulmonary blood flow. In this study, multi-slice, free-breathing pulmonary perfusion imaging is demonstrated using the FAIR technique for full coverage of the lungs, and flow measurements are compared with the standard phase contrast measurement approach. |
| 2176 | Computer 52
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Sex Differences in Local and Regional Aortic Stiffness Assessed by 4D Flow MRI |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 2Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 3Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 4Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States |
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Differences in occurrence of cardiovascular disease between men and women is thought to be attributable to sex differences in arterial stiffness. However, to understand, diagnose and treat CVD, analysis of how and where arterial stiffness affects men and women differently is required. 4D Flow MRI was used to estimate regional and local aortic stiffness in 19 volunteers (age 20-32, 10 men, 9 women). Women had lower regional stiffness, suggesting they experience a reduced afterload on the heart, lowering disease risk. This study provides non-invasive comprehensive stiffness data, previously inaccessible, that may shed light on sex-specific cardiovascular differences. |
| 2177 | Computer 53
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Ex Vivo Cardiovascular Model Design and Construction: Preliminary Results |
1Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States, 3Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madsion, WI, United States, 4Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States |
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Cardiovascular fluid dynamics (CFD) has clinical application and is often studied in vitro, in vivo or using computational simulation. However, inherent assumptions and limitations of these methods limit their clinical translation. Ex vivo modeling, coupled with 4D Flow MRI, can provide physiological time-resolved velocity data, while overcoming limitations of other experimental methods. An ex vivo MRI model of a porcine aorta was designed and assessed for its use in cardiovascular modeling and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement validation. Physiologically reasonable flow, produced at the specimen inlet, and preliminary PWV data show potential for future CFD and validation studies. |
| 2178 | Computer 54
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Multi-Echo Flow-encoded Rosette (MELROSE) enables velocity and T2* assessment of both extravascular tissue and intravascular blood for motion robust, quantitative cardiovascular blood flow and oxygenation mapping |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 2Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States, 3Electrical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States |
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Cardiac catheterization is an invasive albeit common procedure performed in children with congenital heart disease for intrathoracic oxygen saturation assessment, exposing patients to anesthesia and risk of infection and complication. Prior MRI based intrathoracic oximetry methods have been limited due to partial volume contamination of the blood pool with surrounding tissue and motion corruption. Recently, subtractive MRI oximetry methods have demonstrated reliability and robustness but are limited to Cartesian strategies in the brain[1, 2]. In this work we use a subtractive, velocity encoded, non-Cartesian rosette trajectory for quantitative, motion robust, extra and intravascular flow and T2* mapping entitled Multi Echo fLowencoded ROSEtte (MELROSE). We validate flow and T2* values in a flow phantom and present preliminary results in a healthy subject. |
| 2179 | Computer 55
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Parametric measurements of acute myocardial infarction in a large preclinical model |
1MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark, 22Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby, Aarhus N, Denmark, Aarhus N, Denmark, 3The Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, Aarhus N, Denmark, 4GE Healthcare, Munich, Germany, Munich, Germany |
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Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate was used to evaluate metabolic and perfusion changes in myocardial infarction in the critical acute reperfusion phase. Regional changes was observed by mapping of metabolic ratios of lactate, alanine and bicarbonate. Metabolic exchange rates from hyperpolarized fumarate was calculated using Michael-Menten kinetics. Hyperpolarized measures were compared with standard perfusion MRI and tissue staining evaluating infarction and salvage. The results of this study, draws use of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate closer to evaluation of myocardial infarction in a human study. |
| 2180 | Computer 56
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Diagnostic value of native T1/T2 map in patients with cardiac involvement in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy |
1Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 2Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands |
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Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease that involves myocardium. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of histogram analysis of native T1 and T2 maps to identify patients with cardiac involvement in IIM. Fifteen patients with cardiac involvement in IIM and 11 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Native T1 and T2 maps were assessed by histogram analysis. Compared to the controls, the native T1 mean, median, SD and entropy were elevated significantly in IIM patients, while T2 histogram parameters showed no significant difference. A bi-parametric model including native T1 median and SD demonstrated the highest accuracy (AUC=0.93) for detecting cardiac involvement in IIM. |
| 2181 | Computer 57
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Dual magnetization prepared epicardial fat imaging |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Dept. Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China |
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Epicardial fat has been more recognized as an endocrine organ and potentially associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. High spatial imaging resolution is crucial to identify and quantify epicardial fat. This work proposed an efficient dual magnetization prepared imaging method. Combined with saturation and inversion preparation pulses, desired contrast between fat and surrounding tissues with high spatial resolution in a single breath hold was generated. Both simulation and in vivo experiment were conducted to validate the sequence. In vivo imaging resolution 1.0 by 1.0 by 5 mm3 was achieved, which enabled clearly delineation of epicardial fat successfully. |
| 2182 | Computer 58
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One-stop scanning of cerebrovascular, carotid and cardiovascular MRI with a 48-channel coil system at 3 T |
1Lauterbur Imaging Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China, 2Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China, 3Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 4UCSF/UC Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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One-stop magnetic resonance (MR) vessel wall imaging that includes cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), intracranial and cervical carotid arteries imaging is of considerable interest for clinical diagnosis of vascular diseases, such as ischemic stroke. Due to the small cross-sectional size of the vessel wall and susceptibility effects, one-stop MR vessel wall imaging remains challenging. In this work, intracranial and cervical carotid arteries, and CMR imaging was performed simultaneously by using a dedicated 48-channel coil system. Moreover, intracranial and carotid arterial wall images with an isotropic spatial resolution of 0.63 mm can be acquired by using the head and carotid coil system within 7.7 minutes. |
| 2183 | Computer 59
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Early Assessment of Subclinical Cardiac Involvement in Immune-Mediated Myopathy: a 3T Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Study |
1Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China., China, 2Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, 3Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, wuhan, China, 4MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare, Ltd., Shanghai, P.R. China, shanghai, China, 5Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong, Wuhan, China |
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Cardiac involvement in immune-mediated myopathy often leads to a poor prognosis. We studied 32 patients with immune-mediated myopathies to investigate the role of cardiac magnetic resonance in the early detection of cardiac involvement. A comprehensive CMR examination using a 3T MR scanner, including the sequences for cardiac cine, T1 mapping (before and after contrast), T2 mapping, and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), was performed on all the subjects. Focal myocardial fibrosis and diffusely elevated myocardial T1, T2, and ECV values were observed. The sequence of LGE combined with mapping technologies could improve sensitivity for the diagnosis of subclinical cardiac involvement. |
| 2184 | Computer 60
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High Resolution Simulation of B0 Field Conditions in the Human Heart Based on Segmented CT Images |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States, 2Section of Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Mainz University Hospital, Mainz, Germany, 3Department of Radiology, Columbia University in the City of New York, New York, NY, United States, 4Department of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), Wuerzburg, Germany |
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B0 inhomogeneity leads to dark band artifacts in cardiac MRI, in particular with the use of steady-state free precession (SSFP) pulse sequences. Limited spatial resolution of MRI-derived in vivo B0 maps and, moreover, the lack of population data prevents the systematic analysis of the problem at hand and the development of optimized B0 shim strategies. We used readily available CT images to derive the B0 conditions in the human heart at very high resolution. Calculated cardiac B0 fields showed consistency with MRI-based B0 measurements and local field artifacts concur with typical dark band locations. The approach is expected to enable the development of population-specific B0 shim strategies for the |
| 2185 | Computer 61
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Regional Heterogeneity of Errors in Myocardial Perfusion Quantification Using Bolus-Based MRI |
1Chair of Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany, 2Dept. of Biomedical Engineering & Physics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Aim of the project is the computational modeling of contrast agent dispersion in coronary arteries down to pre-arteriolar level during contrast-enhanced MRI myocardial perfusion measurements. From a high resolution imaging cryomicrotome dataset a vascular 3D model of the left main coronary artery is extracted and furnished with a computational grid. Using an advanced boundary condition, Navier-Stokes equations for blood flow and the advection-diffusion equation for CA transport are solved to obtain CA bolus dispersion values on this model of unprecedented detail, and to analyze myocardial blood flow quantification errors. The analysis of the obtained results shows strong variability on the cm-scale. |
| 2186 | Computer 62
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Altered myocardial velocities and stress perfusion in heart transplant patients affected by coronary allograft vasculopathy |
1Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Coronary allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is responsible for long term mortality after heart transplant (HTx). Myocardial perfusion impairment resulting from CAV can lead to early graft dysfunction. Our study aimed to quantify perfusion and 3-directional myocardial velocities by cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion and tissue phase mapping (TPM) sequences and describe the relationship at global and segmental level. Thirty two HTx patients affected by CAV were analyzed. Myocardial perfusion reserve was reduced in CAV patients and associated with reduced left ventricular twist during contraction. LV diastolic radial velocities and interventricular synchrony were associated as to rest and to stress myocardial perfusion variations |
| 2187 | Computer 63
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Initial Experience with MR-Based Respiratory and Cardiac Motion-Corrected PET/MR Imaging of the Coronary Arteries |
1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States, 2Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States, 3University Hospital of Brest, Brest, France, 4British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, 5Mount Sinai St Luke's Hospital, New York, NY, United States |
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A major advantage of hybrid PET/MR systems is the radiation-free high spatial and temporal resolution of MR imaging that can be used to estimate cardio-respiratory motion present during PET data acquisition. This information can be incorporated into reconstruction algorithms to correct for motion in the PET data to reduce blurring and increase target-to-background ratios (TBR) of PET hotspots. This may be of particular importance in cardiac imaging where the heart is in constant motion. In this work, we report our initial experience applying cardio-respiratory motion-corrected PET/MR to 18F-sodium fluoride PET/MR imaging of the coronary arteries. |
| 2188 | Computer 64
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Comparison of regional microvascular dysfunction of hypertrophied myocardium and its relation with myocardial strains in cardiac amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
1Radiology, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China, 2Cardiology, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China, 3Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Chengdu, China |
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Cardiac amyloidosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy can be both characterized with increased wall thickness. We intended to explore the microvascular function of the two different phenotypes of hypertrophy and its relation with regional myocardial function. Amyloid infiltration caused more severe myocardial perfusion disorder and systolic dysfunction. Significant correlations were observed between microcirculation and myocardial strain. |
| 2189 | Computer 65
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Evaluation of the performance of voxel-wise myocardial perfusion quantification methods using a traceable phantom |
1Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratoire National de Métrologie et d'Essais (LNE), Trappes, France, 2Division of Medical Physics and Metrological Information Technology, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Data Science, National Physical Laboratory (NPL), Teddington, United Kingdom, 4Cardiovascular Imaging, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 5Biomedical Engineering, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Assessing and comparing myocardial imaging methodologies require the use of a physical standard. A novel 3D printed cardiac phantom mimicking transmural myocardial perfusion gradients is used in this study, first to evaluate the repeatability of phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI) measurements and then, to compare two common methods for perfusion quantification using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) measurements: the dual bolus and the model-based approach. |
| 2190 | Computer 66
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Effect of nicotine administration on myocardial perfusion under adenosine stress: A dynamic investigation using cine-ASL in mice. |
1Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France |
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We have monitored myocardial perfusion (MBF) dynamically under pharmacologically-induced stress in mice using a time-optimized cine-ASL MRI approach with about 2.5min temporal resolution. One main advantage of the repeatable cine-ASL in this context is to monitor MBF during successive stress episodes in the same animal allowing for internal control. In this study we clearly demonstrated that single bolus nicotine administration (1mg·kg-1) significantly reduced perfusion by 35% under adenosine stress (tail vein continuous infusion, 90µg·kg-1·min-1) in healthy mice. |
| 2191 | Computer 67
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Improved Quantification for Steady-Pulsed ASL Perfusion Imaging |
1Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Electrial Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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Steady-pulsed ASL (spASL) provides high labeling efficiency and is appropriate for organs with highly pulsatile blood supply (e.g. myocardium), but quantification remains a major challenge. Here, we describe a method for quantifying tissue blood flow in spASL based on a numerical solution of the Bloch equations with flow effects. The exact acquisition timing, including irregularities generated by heart rate variability, is incorporated in this formalism. Dictionary-based quantification of blood flow is demonstrated using myocardial spASL data from healthy swine at rest. |
| 2192 | Computer 68
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3D Cartesian Free-running Cardiac and Respiratory Resolved Whole-heart MRI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany |
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Free-breathing continuous acquisitions, so called free-running, enable 3D whole-heart coverage for motion-resolved functional cardiac MRI. In prior work approaches based on 3D radial imaging were proposed for this task. However, free-running 3D radial image reconstruction is computationally demanding. In this work, we propose a novel 3D Cartesian free-running bSSFP sequence. Data is acquired continuously with a variable-density Cartesian trajectory with spiral profile order and retrospectively binned based on respiratory self-navigation and cardiac ECG signal synchronization. A multi-bin-PROST reconstruction is proposed to exploit spatial, cardiac and respiratory temporal redundancies to reconstruct high-resolution images. |
| 2193 | Computer 69
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3D motion compensated reconstruction using pixel tracking for cardiac perfusion MRI: comparison with rigid shift correction |
1UCAIR, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States, 2Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States |
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We developed a pixel tracking motion compensation reconstruction framework for 3D acquisitions. The method was compared to a rigid motion compensation reconstruction method and to reconstruction without motion compensation using a cardiac perfusion dataset acquired with a 3D stack-of-stars sequence. The pixel tracking motion compensation method improved reconstruction, while the rigid motion compensation led to blurring. |
| 2194 | Computer 70
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Dynamic T1 Mapping for Quantitative Myocardial Perfusion Imaging |
1Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany, 2School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 4ZMT Zurich MedTech AG, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Myocardial perfusion imaging is a valuable diagnostic tool to assess cardiac viability. Quantitative perfusion imaging promises to provide absolute values of myocardial perfusion allowing for objective disease assessment and monitoring. Here we present a phantom study evaluating accuracy and reproducibility of a high-resolution dynamic T1 mapping approach to directly measure changes in contrast agent concentration and yield quantitative myocardial perfusion without the need of signal-intensity calibration. Our proposed technique provides one high-resolution T1 map for each cardiac cycle and leads to accurate myocardial perfusion values verified with standard 2D phase-contrast MRI (difference of estimated flow 10 – 20%). |
| 2195 | Computer 71
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Self-gated 5D cardiac MRI in mice : a detailed study |
1CNRS - Univ. Bordeaux, CRMSB UMR 5536, BORDEAUX Cedex, France, 2CNRS UNIV BORDEAUX, IMB UMR 3251, Talence, France |
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Until now, mouse respiratory movement has never been deeply studied and the data acquired during breathing period are not used to obtain 4D cardiac images in mice. First, this study aims at evaluating the respiration movement and its impact on the heart region. First, motion field maps of the thorax during breathing demonstrated motion of 1mm in the anteroposterior direction. Second, 4D cardiac images were reconstructed using the data acquired during the breathing periods and a technic based on sliding window. This improvement allows a considerable acquisition time shortening (about 30%) for 3D cine whole heart imaging on small animals. |
| 2196 | Computer 72
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PolyGate: Benefits of a spatially resolved navigator for self-gating cardiac imaging in multiple rodents. |
1Biomedical MRI group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 2MoSAIC facility, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 3Nuclear Molecular Imaging, Bruker BioSpin Preclinical Imaging Division, Bruker BioSpin, Valencia, Spain, 4Nuclear Molecular Imaging, Bruker BioSpin Preclinical Imaging Division, Bruker BioSpin, Ettlingen, Germany, 5Cardiac Surgery, department of cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 7Nuclear Molecular Imaging, Bruker BioSpin Preclinical Imaging Division, Bruker Biospin, Ettlingen, Germany |
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We implemented a spatially resolved navigator based on the self-gated IntraGate-FLASH method. The new navigator offers many advantages such as the possibility to scan several animals at the same time, improve the quality of the motion correction and to distinguish between the different types of motion from a single acquisition. Moreover, we have been able to synchronize MRI with PET for simultaneous acquisition and to retrospectively reconstruct gated PET-images. |
| 2197 | Computer 73
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DANTE-Prepared FLASH: Three-Dimensional Vessel Wall Imaging Of ApoE-/- Mouse at 7 Tesla |
1School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laborary of Medical Image Processing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, Guangzhou, China, 2Department of Pathophysiology, Key Lab for Shock and Microcirculation Research of Guangdong, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China, Guangzhou, China, 3Philips Healthcare， Guangzhou， China, Guangzhou, China, 4Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China |
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There is a growing preclinical demand for methods to characterize atherosclerotic plaque in vivo. Recently proposed DANTE for dark-blood preparation successfully in vessel wall imaging. However, previous studies were performed at 3T and used for vessel wall imaging of human. It remains unclear that if DANTE module could be used for apoE-/- mouse at 7T. Here we demonstrated a sequence using DANTE dark-blood preparation combined with FLASH readout (DANTE-FLASH) for three-dimensional (3D) vessel wall imaging at 7 Tesla (T). |
| 2198 | Computer 74
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Cardiac MRI for quantifying myocardial perfusion deficits in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
1Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 2German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), parter site Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 3Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France, 4Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany, 5Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charite Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany |
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Measuring the myocardial morphological and functional changes is not sufficient to assess the underlying subclinical myocardial microstructural changes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Despite cardiac MRI (CMR) is advanced in characterizing the changes in myocardial microstructure, in vivo assessment of the kinetics of microstructural changes including microvasculature deficits and the mechanism underlying disease progression is still missing. We hypothesize that the impairment of myocardial perfusion may contribute to the microstructural changes in HCM. To test this, we used state-of-the-art arterial spin labeling (ASL) based CMR method to quantify the myocardial perfusion changes in a HCM mouse model. |
| 2199 | Computer 75
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Extended Quantitative Cardiac First-Pass Perfusion Imaging in Mice Using Accelerated Data Acquisition and Spatially Distributed, Two-Compartment Exchange Modelling |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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The objective of the present work was to improve data acquisition and quantification of first pass perfusion imaging in the in-vivo murine heart. Undersampled data were acquired and reconstructed using k-t SPARSE. A two-compartment exchange model was employed to provide an additional characterization of myocardial tissue based on compartment volumes and the permeability surface area product. The feasibility of the proposed method was tested using perfusions analysis of first-pass perfusion data acquired with extracellular and intravascular contrast agents in mice. The results presented here show that two-compartment exchange modelling in the in-vivo murine heart is feasible and gives access to tissue parameters beyond myocardial blood flow. |
| 2200 | Computer 76
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Impact of temporal resolution on the quantification of myocardial perfusion in dynamic-contrast enhanced MRI |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom |
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Quantification of myocardial perfusion using dynamic contrast enhanced imaging provides an objective and sensitive assessment of coronary artery disease in the clinic. While many factors were found to affect the accuracy of perfusion estimates, there has been little evidence on the impact of temporal resolution. This study sheds light on this using simulated, phantom and clinical data. Simulations and phantom experiments demonstrate large deviations between measurements when the same data are sampled with different temporal resolutions, while interpolation of clinical data to uniform temporal resolution leads to significantly different perfusion rates. |
| 2201 | Computer 77
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PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF DIPYRIDAMOLE STRESS CMR IN PATIENTS WITH KNOWN OR SUSPECTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP STUDY |
1Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa, Italy, 2Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy, 3Università degli Studi di Messina, Messina, Italy |
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We determined the long-term prognostic value of dipyridamole stress-CMR in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Reversible perfusion deficit and diabetes identified patients at high risk of fatal and non fatal cardiac events. Myocardial fibrosis was a strong predictor for death. |
| 2202 | Computer 78
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Correction of B0 Field Distortion Induced by Stainless Steel Nuss Bar in Cardiac MRI Using Permanent Magnets |
1University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 2Children's Health, Dallas, TX, United States |
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Pectus excavatum is often corrected by the Nuss procedure, in which a metal bar (usually made of stainless steel) is inserted horizontally into the chest cavity. MRI examination is important to assess the cardiac function with a focus on the right heart. The metal bar causes susceptibility artifacts in cine MRI. We explore the feasibility to improve the B0 field homogeneity using a field correction device to be placed on the surface of the chest utilizing permanent magnets. A device was constructed based on computer simulations. The device generates magnetic multipole fields and effectively improved B0 homogeneity in a phantom. |
| 2203 | Computer 79
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Comparison of room temperature, refrigerator and cryogenic storage for preservation of blood clot R2* and quantitative susceptibility values in vitro at 3T |
1Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 2Dept. of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, 3Dept. of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada |
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Mechanical thrombectomy therapy allows valuable stroke thrombus MR imaging studies to be completed without patient burden, but the effects of delay between retrieval and imaging on MR characteristics need to be considered. We tested the ability of room temperature, refrigerator and cryogenic storage to preserve blood clot R2* and quantitative susceptibility (QS) values up to 48 hours in vitro. Room temperature storage provided adequate preservation up to 24 hours while refrigerator storage significantly decreased R2* and QS; cryogenic storage led to non-significant decreases in R2* and QS and shows promise for complete, long-term preservation if cell lysis can be mitigated. |
| 2204 | Computer 80
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Structural Changes in Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy Patients after One Year Post Heart Transplantation |
1Northwestern Radiology, Northwestern, Chicago, IL, United States, 2Northwestern, Chicago, IL, United States |
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Cardiac MRI demonstrates differences between heart transplant recipients more than one year post-HTx and controls using T2, T1 and ECV. Our study demonstrated elevated global T2 and ECV, and segmental T1 in HTx patients when compared to controls. This may provide further insight into the complex pathophysiology of this disease process, which includes a chronic and subacute component. CMR could potentially be implemented as an adjunct to the current methods of detecting CAV (intravascular ultrasound and invasive coronary cineangiography) |
| 2205 | Computer 81
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Correction of the effects of heart rate changes on MOLLI |
1Department of Medical Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin University, Mitaka, Japan |
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In fast cardiac T1 mapping implementing ECG-gating, the recovery time of the longitudinal magnetization will change with heart rate variation, which will affect T1 measurement accuracy. Several studies have investigated the influence of heart rate variability on modified look-locker inversion recovery; however, no analytical approach for correcting the T1 value after scanning has been reported to date. Here, we investigated the effect of heart rate change on measurement of T1 values and report a correction method. This proposed method can reduce the effect of arrhythmia in fast cardiac T1 mapping. |
| 2206 | Computer 82
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Improved fast multi-slice myocardial T1 mapping (FAST1) for full left ventricular coverage in three breathholds |
1School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, United Kingdom |
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Modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) is a commonly used approach for myocardial T1 mapping, and yields high precision as well as reproducibility. This technique requires one breathhold per slice, resulting in prolonged examination time when full left ventricular coverage is required. Our previously developed fast multi-slice myocardial T1 mapping (FAST1) technique showed potential for time-efficient full left ventricular coverage. In this work, the FAST1 sequence is further improved using Bloch-equation-based fitting for higher T1 accuracy and heart-rate independence. Compared to MOLLI, the proposed new FAST1 can yield higher T1 accuracy, enhanced tolerance to T2 and heart-rate variations, as well as similar repeatability and T1 map quality at 1.5T. |
| 2207 | Computer 83
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Diagnostic value of 3D T1-SPACE technique for basilar artery stenosis: Comparison with DSA |
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, beijing, China, 2Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This is the first attempt to evaluate the accuracy and application value of Three-Dimensional Variable-Flip-Angle Turbo Spin-Echo (3D T1-SPACE) for the diagnosis of basilar atherosclerotic disease. |
| 2208 | Computer 84
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Simultaneous T1 and T2 Mapping with MOLLI Acquisition: Proof of Concept |
1University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, 2GE Heathcare, Palo Alto, CA, United States |
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MOLLI is known to underestimate T1 values. Instead of fitting MOLLI data to an ideal but unrealistic exponential inversion recovery model, we simulated signal evolution incorporating actual scan parameters based on which we improved T1 mapping as well as demonstrated the feasibility of deriving T2 mapping simultaneously. |
| 2209 | Computer 85
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Detecting Hemorrhagic Myocardial Infarction with Dark Blood T2*: Experimental Findings |
1Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada |
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Dark-blood prepared T2* MRI has become the preferred method for examining global myocardial iron overloading. However, whether dark-blood prepared T2* MRI is superior to bright-blood T2* MRI for the detection of hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions is not known. Here we show that, compared to bright-blood T2* MRI, dark-blood prepared T2* MRI yields significantly lower image contrast for detecting hemorrhagic myocardial infarction at 1.5T and 3.0T. We conclude that unless this loss in image contrast is mitigated, dark-blood T2* MRI may not provide adequate sensitivity for detecting hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions. |
| 2210 | Computer 86
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Optimization of Steady-Pulsed Arterial Spin Labeling for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging |
1Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Biomedical Engineering, University of Southen California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Department of Clinical Collaborations, Canon Medical Systems USA, Tustin, CA, United States, 4Sunny Brook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 5Electrical Engineering, University of California Sandiego, Sandiego, CA, United States |
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is an attractive non-contrast option for myocardial perfusion imaging. Steady pulsed labeling has been shown to provide the highest signal efficiency in-vivo. In this work, we determine the flip-angle and imaging interval that provide maximum signal efficiency and temporal SNR using Bloch simulation and experiments in healthy swine. We demonstrate that an imaging FA of 40-50ºand imaging interval of 1-RR is optimal. |
| 2211 | Computer 87
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Improved infarct scar imaging and scar classification using native T1ρ-mapping |
1Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, 2Experimental Physics V, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, 3Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany |
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Myocardial mapping techniques are known to provide new diagnostic possibilities for morphological and functional information including accurate tissue classification for several diseases. However, without the use of contrast agents, the differentiation between healthy and diseased tissue is hardly possible. In the present study, a scar/infarct model has been employed to investigate the contrast ratio performance of different native MRI mapping techniques (T1, T2, and T1ρ) under controlled conditions. Here, T1ρ provides the best results with an up to 12-times increased contrast ratio. Hence, T1ρ-mapping might be a very promising technique for scar imaging without the use of contrast agents. |
| 2212 | Computer 88
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Retrospective analysis of pulmonary transit time in different patient samples and recording conditions. |
1Cardiology, CHWAPI, Tournai, Belgium, 2Radiology, CHWAPI, Tournai, Belgium, 3Institut de Myologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpétrière, aphp, Paris, France, Metropolitan, 4Institut de Myologie, CEA, DRF, IBFJ, MIRCen, NMR Laboratory, Paris, France, Metropolitan |
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A retrospective analysis of pulmonary transit time and intra-pulmonary blood volume in Becker dystrophic myopaths at 3T and unselected patients / cardiopaths and normals at 1,5 T. |
| 2213 | Computer 89
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Changes of left ventricular myocardial strain in acute STEMI patients with microvascular obstruction: A CMR feature tracking study |
1Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, China, 2Shengjing Hospital of China Medical Univercity, Shen Yang, China |
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Changes of left ventricular myocardial strain in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients before left ventricular remodeling is obvious, while the relation to microvascular obstruction still need to explore. |
| 2214 | Computer 90
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The Effects of Age and Gender on Cardiac Structure and Function in Healthy Chinese Adult Population: A Multiparameter Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study |
1Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China, Nan Jing, China, 2Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, Nan Jing, China, 3GE Healthcare，MR Research China，Bejing, P.R. China, Beijing, China, 4GE Healthcare, MR Enhanced Application China, Beijing, P.R. China., Beijing, China |
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With gender difference and age growing, the cardiac structure and function maychange in healthy population. The present study aimed to for the first time systematically investigate the impact of age and gender on cardiac structure and function by using cine MR, T1 mapping and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion weighted imaging (IVIM DWI). In the present study, we have found cardiac structure and function significant difference between male and female healthy volunteers.Further studies are ongoing to examine a large cohort. |
| 2215 | Computer 91
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Off-resonance error suppression in MOLLI T1 mapping using a specific CE-FAST |
1Faculty of Biomedical enginnering, AmirKabir University of technology, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 2Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Biomedical Physics Interdepartmental Program, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of), 5Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of) |
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MOLLI is a well-known method for cardiac T1 mapping. Data sampling in MOLLI is based on SSFP readout. It is therefore susceptible to off-resonance which is considered an error source for T1 mapping. We have presented a method to suppress off-resonance variation error in T1 estimation by means of a specific CE-FAST in combination with MOLLI. We have evaluated our method in simulation and Phantom experiment with promising results. |
| 2216 | Computer 92
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Pulmonary circulation time measurements and lung blood volume estimation in mice by magnetic particle imaging and magnetic resonance imaging |
1Department for Interventional and Diagnistic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 2Section for Biomedical Imaging, University Medical Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, 3Institute for Biomedical Imaging, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany |
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Pulmonary circulation time and/or the blood volume of the lungs can be used to depict pathologic changes. The purpose of our study was to determine the circulation time of a bolus of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles through the lungs by MPI and to estimate the blood volume of the lungs supplemented by cardiac MRI. The pulmonary circulation times were 907 ± 141 ms. The determination of the blood volume revealed a volume of 233 ± 48 µL. |
| 2217 | Computer 93
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A swine model of selective coronary stenosis using transcatheter delivery of a 3D printed implant for MR imaging: Feasibility and Efficacy |
1Physics and Biology in Medicine Graduate Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 4UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center and Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 5Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, and Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 6Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This study aims to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a closed-chest method for coronary stenosis creation in swine models of ischemic heart disease (IHD). We successfully deployed high-resolution 3D printed intracoronary implants in three healthy swine subjects using a transcatheter angioplasty delivery approach. All subjects underwent angiography and MR cine imaging for assessment of ventricular regional wall motion. At post-mortem dissection, we successfully retrieved the implants. These results support early feasibility and efficacy of our proposed approach for applications including stress testing, infarct creation, and evaluation of diagnostic techniques or therapeutics in swine models of IHD. |
| 2218 | Computer 94
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Cardioprotective Effects of Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia in Hemorrhagic Myocardial Infarctions: Early Findings in a Swine Model of Acute Reperfused Myocardial Infarction |
1Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 3Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada |
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Patients who experience hemorrhagic myocardial infarctions (hMIs) have increased risk of adverse outcomes, yet a protective therapy remains to be developed. We hypothesized that mild hypothermia to the heart can reduce the effects of hemorrhage and improve left ventricular functional recovery in the setting of reperfused infarctions. This was studied using a swine model of hemorrhagic infarction exposed to cooled pericardial saline infusion to confer hypothermia. Results show a significant decrease in hemorrhagic remnants and increase in LVEF for the hypothermia group relative to controls at 1 month post-MI. Therapeutic cooling has the potential to offer cardioprotective benefits for hMI. |
| 2219 | Computer 95
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Quantitative High-Resolution Myocardial First-Pass Perfusion Imaging of CO2-Induced Vasodilation in Rat |
1Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH & University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland |
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Respiratory-induced acidosis is an emerging alternative to induce increased coronary blood flow necessary to facilitate the quantification of the stress myocardial blood flow and hence myocardial perfusion reserve. The aim of this study was to quantify the pharmacokinetic effect of the CO2 gas challenge on myocardial perfusion in rats using a high-resolution first pass perfusion CMR. |
| 2220 | Computer 96
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Successfully Overcoming the Challenge: Cardiac Cine of Zebrafish in MRI. |
1MRI & µ-CT Service Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany, 2Kerckhoff-Klinik, Kerckhoff-Klinik, Bad Nauheim, Germany, 3Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany, 4Department III Developmental Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany |
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Zebrafish has been a widely used model to study cardiovascular development and diseases. Among the multiple advantages, zebrafish has the remarkable ability to regenerate lost or damaged organs including the heart. In vivo visualization of the cardiovascular system is particularly easy during early stages of development due to zebrafish transparency, which is lost in the adult stages. Therefore, it is of great interest to refine and adapt non-invasive imaging methods that allow a functional assessment of the zebrafish adult heart. The application of high-field functional MRI of the beating zebrafish heart will be presented and discussed. |
| 2221 | Computer 97
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Cardiotoxic effects of radiation therapy detected by MRI in genetically modified rats |
1Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States |
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In this study, we present preliminary results detecting radiation therapy (RT) effects on cardiac function in pre-clinical models using high-field 9.4T MRI. Salt-sensitive (SS) and Brown-Norway (BN) rats were selectively bred to produce SS.BN3 consomic rats, which are genetically identical to SS rats except for chromosome 3 which is inherited from the BN rat. Adult female SS and SS.BN3 rats (both control and RT animals) were scanned to acquire cine and tagging images, from which different cardiovascular parameters were measured. The results show differences in heart mechanics and ventricular remodeling between the two rat strains in response to RT, despite maintained global cardiac function. |
| 2222 | Computer 98
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USPIO-enhanced highly-resolved pulmonary MR angiography in mice with a 3D UTE sequence. |
1CNRS - Univ. Bordeaux, CRMSB UMR 5536, BORDEAUX Cedex, France |
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Pulmonary imaging has always been challenging due to many constraints : parenchyma heterogeneity, respiratory and cardiac motion. Until now, pulmonary arteries imaging is commonly done with micro CT scanner, but this imaging method is not convenient for longitudinal evaluations. In this study, we present a magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) technique of the lungs with high spatial resolution combining an UTE 3D SG sequence and the injection of iron nanoparticles. To prevent motion artifact, images acquired during respiration were neglected. |
| 2223 | Computer 99
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Free-breathing Whole-heart Magnetic Resonance Angiography with Self-gated Radial Phyllotaxis Trajectory |
1Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, 2Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, 3Informatics, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany |
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Whole-heart magnetic resonance angiography is commonly performed with diaphragmatic navigator gating to compensate for respiratory motion, but this approach is inefficient as data must be reacquired when it is outside the acceptance window. We therefore developed and validated a self-gated respiratory motion compensation technique based on a radial phyllotaxis k-space trajectory in which all data are accepted throughout the respiratory cycle. |
| 2224 | Computer 100
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Left Ventricle Segmentation with Densely Connected Full Convolutional Network |
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China |
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Cardiac functional analysis is important in heart disease diagnosis. Conventional manual segmentation of left ventricle is time consuming and observer dependent. Our proposed Densely Connected Full Convolutional Network (DenseV-Net) enables automatically process medical images. Its densely connected convolutional block consists of residual calculation with Elu used as active function. The results show that the proposed DenseV-Net can efficiently segment left ventricle from cardiac cines with mean DSC of 0.90±0.12, more accurate compared to V-Net (0.85±0.13, P<0.05). The method offers a feasible way for efficient analysis of cardiac function. |
| 2225
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Computer 101
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Analyzing Big GABA: Comparison of Five Software Packages for GABA-Edited MRS |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, United States, 4Radiology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, 5Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India, 6The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia, 7Centre for Human Brain Health and School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 8School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States, 9Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States, 10Canon Medical Research USA, Mayfield Village, OH, United States, 11Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Given the number of software analysis packages available to the MRS community, surprisingly little attention has been paid to comparing the performance of each, particularly with regard to multi-site and multi-vendor datasets. Standardization of MRS methods will necessarily require that processing and quantification tools also produce comparable outcomes. This abstract describes a comparison of five widely used software packages analyzing multi-site edited MRS data to quantify in vivo GABA+/Cr levels. The overall agreement between the packages was moderate, with packages showing systematic site-to-site biases. Further analysis on a larger cohort of data will aid in determining the cause of these discrepancies. |
| 2226 | Computer 102
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A Universal Edited MRS Sequence for 4 Vendors |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Medical Imaging Research Unit, Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, 4University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libyan, 5Douglas Mental Health University Institute and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 6GE Healthcare, Berlin, Germany, 7Canon Medical Research USA, Cleveland, OH, United States, 8Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, 9Norwegian Center for Mental Disorders Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway, 10Department of Clinical Engineering, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway, 11Siemens Healthineers, Baltimore, MD, United States, 12Siemens Healthineers, San Francisco, CA, United States |
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MEGA-PRESS is the most widely used pulse sequence for edited MRS of low-concentration metabolites, e.g. GABA, glutathione and lactate. However, current implementations of MEGA-PRESS are diverse across MR vendors, leading to differences in the shape and intensity of the final edited signal. We demonstrate a new universal editing sequence (with MEGA and HERMES functionality) for the major MR vendor platforms with standardized RF pulse shapes, durations, amplitudes and sequence timings. Phantom and in vivo experiments show excellent agreement among vendors, including consistency in lineshape and reduced variation in concentration measurements. |
| 2227 | Computer 103
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Simultaneous edited detection of GABA, glutathione and ethanol using HERMES |
1Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States, 4Center For Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States |
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HERMES allows simultaneous edited detection of multiple low-concentration metabolites in the human brain. Here, HERMES editing of GABA, glutathione (GSH) and ethanol (EtOH) |
| 2228 | Computer 104
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Editing MRS lineshapes using the convolution theorem: potential for applications to statistical analysis of heterogeneous tissue |
1CRMBM, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France |
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The statistical distribution of a number of measurement parameter values in heterogeneous tissues can be analyzed based on MR spectra, using a paradigm recently introduced by us. However, the MR resonances in question are affected by influences on line shape other than those exerted by the measurement parameter to be analyzed, e.g., by magnetic-field inhomogeneity. We demonstrate here that desired and spurious line shape contributions can be efficiently disentangled by judiciously employing the convolution theorem. This method should facilitate future applications of our method of tissue heterogeneity assessment. |
| 2229 | Computer 105
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GABA Editing with Physiological Noise Suppression using an Improved MEGA-SPECIAL sequence and Principle Component Analysis |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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As GABA editing is achieved by eliminating the overwhelming Cre peak using subtraction, discrepancies in Cre amplitude due to physiological noise result in variations in edited GABA. It can be observed the flip of the outer peaks of GABA triplet is in a different dimension from the Cre. It is thus possible to eliminate Cre and its associated physiological noise using principle component analysis (PCA). Simulation and phantom studies showed the physiological noise associated with Cre was eliminated using PCA editing without GABA signal loss. In vivo study demonstrated more consistent GABA measurement using PCA editing than regular editing. |
| 2230 | Computer 106
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Quantification of Glutathione and Ascorbate in the Human Brain using Short-TE PRESS. |
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States |
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The SNR advantage of short-TE methods over long-TE editing-methods provided a compelling motivation for reliable quantification of glutathione using LCModel. In this study, we improved the accuracy of the glutathione basis by using an experimental glutathione in our otherwise synthetic LCModel basis. We further added ascorbate as a complementary measure of oxidative stress. Validation was made using a brain metabolite titration phantom with a matrix of glutathione and ascorbate. The near perfect linear regression results demonstrated that both GSH and ASC at physiological concentrations can be reliably quantified using LCModel. In vivo study also showed consistent glutathione quantification. |
| 2231 | Computer 107
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Optimal Analysis Strategies for GABA Quantification with 1H J-Edited MRS |
1Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, 2Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3NeuroSpectroScopics LLC, Sherman Oaks, CA, United States, 4Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States |
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This study evaluated the performance of 9 unique methods of deriving GABA and GABA+ from J-edited-single-voxel-MRS using a set of high-quality spectra obtained from the anterior middle cingulate cortex in 34 pediatric human subjects. The results indicate that spectral integration produces the most consistent between-subject measure of GABA+ and that non-linear least-squares fitting that includes macromolecule confound spectral models together with GABA spectral models best produces the expected positive correlation between voxel gray matter content and GABA. |
| 2232 | Computer 108
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Quantification of edited magnetic resonance spectroscopy: a comparative phantom based study of analysis methods |
1CUBRIC, Cardiff university, CARDIFF, United Kingdom, 2School of Computer Science and Informatics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 3Physics, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom, 4Centre for Nanohealth & Clinical Imaging Unit, Institute for Life Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom |
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A calibrated series of MRS phantoms is used to compare the performance of common spectroscopy analysis tools in the quantification of GABA-edited spectroscopy data. Varied GABA concentration, and simulated spectra provide a ground truth with which to compare. |
| 2233 | Computer 109
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Functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy towards detection of initiated release of GABA in chemogenetically modified mice |
1Biological and Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, 2Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel |
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Dynamics of γ -aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentrations in the brain has been shown to vary under a variety of activation paradigms using functional magnetic resonance spectroscopy (fMRS). To provide better understanding of the underlying cellular mechanisms involved, we used fMRS on chemogenetically engineered mice at ultrahigh fields (15.2T), allowing us to investigate the dynamics of metabolites in response to activation of a specific neuronal population (GABAergic) in the reticular nucleus. fMRS data from four mice was analyzed using LCModel and did not show any significant change in GABA. |
| 2234 | Computer 110
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Reliability of in vivo Glx measurements from GABA-edited MRS at 3T |
1Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 3Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, 4Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom, 5Russel H Morgan Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 6F.M. Kirby Centre for Functional MRI, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 7General Electric Healthcare, Calgary, AB, Canada, 8School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom |
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To measure glutamate and GABA, two spectroscopy sequences are typically performed. Here we investigate the reliability of measuring Glx (glutamate+glutamine) from the same editing sequence used to measure GABA (MEGA-PRESS). We found that Glx measured using the unedited (“off”) sub-spectra of a macromolecule suppressed MEGA-PRESS sequence (MM-suppressed, TE=80ms) moderately agreed with Glx measured using a short-echo PRESS sequence. However, Glx measured using the off sub-spectra of a GABA+ (TE=68ms) MEGA-PRESS sequence and the co-edited Glx signal from the difference spectra of both GABA-edited MEGA-PRESS sequences showed poor agreement. |
| 2235 | Computer 111
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Simultaneous modelling of Hadamard encoded spectra for GABA and GSH using LCModel |
1Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States, 4Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Low-concentration metabolites like γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutathione (GSH) can be measured at 3T using spectral-editing magnetic resonance spectroscopy methods like MEGAPRESS, HERMES or HERCULES. We propose a novel analysis approach based on |
| 2236 | Computer 112
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Macromolecule free measurement of GABA with MASE-sLASER and MEGA-sLASER sequences in the human brain at 7T |
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany, 2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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MEGA edited 3 ppm signal can be severely contaminated with macro-molecules. Using two distinct acquisition methods of MASE-sLASER and MEGA-sLASER both at TE = 68 ms at 7T, we show the feasibility of macromolecule free estimation of GABA with LCModel. The presence of GABA line at 2.28 ppm in the spectra acquired with both techniques plays a crucial role for this. |
| 2237 | Computer 113
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LCModel comparison of MEGA-PRESS and HERMES for GABA (and GSH) editing at 3T |
1Canon Medical Research USA, Mayfield Village, OH, United States, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 3Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States, 4Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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HERMES is a new Hadamard-based editing sequence that allows for the simultaneous acquisition of overlapping metabolite signals – most notably GABA and glutathione (GSH) at TE 80. As such, HERMES is an alternative to conventional GABA measurement using TE 68 MEGA-PRESS, providing GSH information “for free.” In this work, we showed in a series of matched-voxel spectra that %SD values from LCModel were on average only slightly larger for HERMES than for MEGA-PRESS, suggesting that only a small price is paid in terms of GABA sensitivity. |
| 2238 | Computer 114
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Localised 2D J-resolved spectroscopy: Enhanced sensitivity and accelerated acquisition of brain metabolites |
1Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, UK, CAMBRIDGE, United Kingdom, 2The Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom |
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Proton 1D MR spectroscopy has been used to quantify alterations in cerebral metabolite concentrations to investigate neurological diseases. However, the J-coupling found in key metabolites produce multiplets which result in highly overlapped signals, complicating signal quantification. 2D J-resolved spectroscopy (JPRESS) allows distribution of coupled signals into a second perpendicular dimension, reducing signal overlap. Unfortunately, the translation of 2D-JPRESS into a commonly used clinical tool has not been achieved due to limited post-processing strategies and long scan times. Here, a simple processing strategy to significantly enhance signal sensitivity and a technique to accelerate JPRESS by 30% are presented. |
| 2239 | Computer 115
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Longitudinal relaxation times of macromolecules and their suppression in MEGA-PRESS 1H-MR-brain spectra at 3 T |
1Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, 2Michael Stifel Center for Data-driven and Simulation Science Jena, Jena, Germany, 3Abbe School of Photonics, Jena, Germany, 4Center of Medical Optics and Photonics, Jena, Germany |
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Taking advantage of the adiabatic inversion based macromolecule (MM) suppression approach, the MM contamination of the neurotransmitter GABA can be significantly reduced in MEGA-PRESS 1H-MR brain spectra. In this work, the longitudinal relaxation times (T1) of brain macromolecules were determined in posterior cortex of healthy subjects in order to adjust the inversion delays for MEGA-PRESS based measurements of pure GABA. Compared to main brain metabolites, T1 times of MMs are significantly shorter and further reveal a very low inter-individual variation, which allows us to use the MM nulling approach without substantial T1 weighing related attenuations of metabolite signals and further to apply fixed TI settings instead of performing individual T1 measurements in future studies. |
| 2240 | Computer 116
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Quantification of Glutamate/Glutamine using LCModel for MEGA-PRESS sequence at 3 T |
1Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States |
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We conducted a Monte-Carlo simulation to investigate the quantification of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) using MEGA-PRESS and LCModel at 3 T. The results demonstrate that both glutamate and glutamine can be reliably quantified along with Gamma-aminobutyric acid if the spectrum linewidth is smaller than 0.06 ppm. However, our in vivo results showed a higher ratio of Glu/Gln, which is out of the physiological range measured by other methods. Our work suggests that glutamate and glutamine can be quantified at high accuracy in theory but the accuracy might be compromised in practice by other factors that affects the spectrum quality. |
| 2241 | Computer 117
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A pilot study on the GABA+ level in midbrain of healthy volunteers using MEGA-PRESS technique |
1Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, China, 2The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China |
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Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in midbrain is insignificant to be measured. To determine the GABA+ level, we employed Mescher-Garwood point-resolved spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) by a small region of interest (ROI)(1.0 × 2.5 × 3.0 cm), which is a new technique that could precisely measure the level of the inhibitory neurotransmitter. The distribution is 2.47 ±0.66 (χ±SD)，and it is prove that there was no correlation of GABA+ level with age in healthy volunteers. |
| 2242 | Computer 118
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Comparison of baseline effect on short-TE and 1D JPRESS MRS data fitting |
1National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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For in vivo MRS spectral fitting, a baseline is often used to model background signals. The existing algorithms including LCModel rely on the linewidth to distinguish metabolite peaks from the background signals. In this work, we show that the fitted short-TE baseline strongly depends on metabolite linewidth due to large baseline-metabolite covariances. This dependence negatively affects metabolite quantification using short-TE MRS, resulting in large errors in metabolite concentrations. We also demonstrate that this baseline problem can be largely eliminated using 1D JPRESS which benefits from its substantially reduced background signals. |
| 2243 | Computer 119
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Determination of Macromolecule Baselines by Variable Inversion-Recovery of Metabolites |
1National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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A novel approach for determining macromolecule baselines at medium TE was proposed. Inversion recovery was combined with spectral editing to acquire six sets of MRS data using two editing frequencies and three long inversion times (TI). Macromolecule signals were essentially invariant across the three long TIs but metabolite signal amplitudes were significantly modulated by TI. By simultaneously fitting the six sets of data, metabolite and macromolecule signals were reliably separated without using empirical constraints on the amplitudes of the spline baselines. Compared to existing techniques, this approach exploits both T1 and T2 differences between metabolites and macromolecules. |
| 2244 | Computer 120
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T2 Relaxation Times of Macromolecules in Human Brain Spectra at 9.4 T |
1Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Institute, Tübingen, Germany, 2Faculty of Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany |
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This work reports the apparent T2 relaxation times of macromolecules measured at 9.4 T in the human brain. The measured T2 times are between 10 and 40ms, with longer relaxation times of around 50 ms for M2 and M3. The J-evolution of the peak at 2.7 ppm is observed at longer echo times. The full-width half-maxima of the simulated peaks are significantly broader than the T2 component of the lineshapes. |
| 2245 | Computer 121
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What are the effects of adding macromolecules to the basis set on metabolite quantification reproducibility and accuracy? A comparison of different macromolecular models for FID-MRSI in the brain at 7T |
1High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging,Department of Radiololy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 4Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular Imaging, Vienna, Austria |
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This work investigates the influence of different macromolecular baseline models on the reliability and test-retest reproducibility of metabolite quantification for clinically attractive ~5min 2D-FID-MRSI with nominal voxel volume 3.4×3.4×8mm3. We confirmed that FID-MRSI with adequate MM prior knowledge provides highly reproducible (CV<11%) and reliable results (ICC>0.75) for the common metabolites even when using more flexible parameterized MM models. |
| 2246 | Computer 122
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An Analysis of 1H Metabolite Residuals in an Acquired Macromolecule Spectrum |
1Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 2Biomedical Translational Imaging Center, IWK Health Center, Halifax, NS, Canada, 3Physics and Atmospheric Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 4Diagnostic Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, 5Nova Scotia Early Psychosis Program, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada |
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Macromolecules underly the metabolites in short-TE 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy and must be accounted for in a quantitative analysis. One method is to acquire a metabolite-nulled spectrum and use it to account for macromolecules in fitting; however, since metabolites have a range of T1, metabolite-nulling is incomplete and leaves residuals. We introduce a new metabolite cleaning method with 2 metabolite-nulling schemes, single inversion and double inversion, and use it to examine the estimated metabolite residuals, finding that even with double-inversion nulling, there are substantial metabolite residuals of 10-35% in the macromolecule spectrum. |
| 2247 | Computer 123
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Relaxation corrected and Sequence-dependent Macromolecule Baseline Model |
1MRZ, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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In short echo time spectroscopy sequences macromolecular signals may strongly influence the quantification of metabolite spectra they underlay. In this work we present a method for simulating a MM basis set that is tailored toward chosen sequences and sequence parameters with the aim to improve the accuracy of metabolite measurements in vivo. We show that utilizing a simulated macromolecule basis set while considering the relaxation behavior of individual macromolecular resonances can produce metabolite quantification results of similar quality to that of a dedicatedly measured MM basis set when applied to the same spectra of interest. |
| 2248 | Computer 124
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Longitudinal Relaxation times of Macromolecular Resonances at 9.4 T in Human Brain |
1MRZ, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tuebingen, Germany, 2IMPRS for Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany |
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Longitudinal relaxation times of 13 Macromolecular (MM) resonances are reported for a gray matter rich voxel at 9.4 T for the first time. In addition, a sequence was optimized based on calculated magnetizations from Bloch simulations for combinations of inversion times using a DIR MC-semiLASER. The results from this work highlight the importance of accounting for specific peak relaxations due to the ranging T1 relaxation times of the MM peaks. |
| 2249 | Computer 125
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Low Reliability between in vivo Measurements of Glutamatergic Metabolite Concentrations in Two Proton MR Spectroscopy Sequences |
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States, 2Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, 3Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States |
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Newer spectral sequences have been developed to focus quantification of specific metabolites. In this study, measurements of glutamatergic metabolites in a human sample (N=178) were compared between two sequences, a standard TE-optimized PRESS sequence designed to capture broad spectral resonance and a 2-dimensional J-resolved PRESS sequence developed specifically for glutamate signal acquisition at the expense of broad resonance capability. Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr measurements had good correspondence between sequences (intraclass correlation coefficients >0.88), while glutamate and related metabolites (Glu, Glu/Cr, Glx, Glx/Cr) demonstrated poor reliability. These findings emphasize the need to exercise caution when comparing glutamate measurements using different 1H-MRS sequences. |
| 2250 | Computer 126
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Rapid High-Resolution Metabolic Imaging of Stroke Using SPICE |
1Institute for Medical Imaging Technology, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, 2Radiology department, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 3Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States, 5Shanghai minhang hospital of Integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Shanghai, China, 6Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States |
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Disrupted metabolic activity is one of the most prominent pathophysiologic consequences of stroke. 1H-MRSI has been recognized as a powerful tool for metabolic imaging, but its clinical applications have been limited due to long scan time and poor spatial resolution. In this study, we investigate the feasibility of rapid high-resolution metabolic imaging of stroke using SPICE (SPectroscopic Imaging by exploiting spatiospectral CorrElation). We have successfully acquired metabolic maps from the whole brain at a nominal spatial resolution of 2.0×2.4×2.0 mm3 in a 5-min scan. Our experimental results clearly show metabolic alterations due to stroke. |
| 2251 | Computer 127
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Feasibility of functional spectroscopy at a clinical 3T MR scanner |
1High Field MR Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 2) Department of Medicine III, Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, 3Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 4Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria |
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Functional spectroscopy ( |
| 2252 | Computer 128
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Accurate Metabolite Quantification in the Presence Of Variable Lipids And Macromolecules: Two-Point Saturation Recovery MRS |
1Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 2University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom |
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In various pathologies, changes in cerebral metabolite concentrations are accompanied by variations in the broader underlying lipid/macromolecular components. This introduces important biases in quantification at short echo times which, if unaddressed, undermine experiments which compare subjects with different injury severities. Here we demonstrate the benefits of employing a simple two-point saturation recovery MRS experiment to reduce this bias introduced by pathology – in this case, taking the example of neonatal encephalopathy. This ability to accurately quantify spectra at all pathology severities is crucial for clinical trials, where biases would otherwise suppress sensitivity to important treatment effects. |
| 2253 | Computer 129
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1H-NMR based metabolic profiles delineate the anticancer effect of vitamin C on hepatocellular carcinom cell |
1Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China, 2Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a subtype of liver cancer with high worldwide prevalence and mortality. Its high recurrence rate and heterogeneity have challenged effectiveness of existing therapies. Numerous researchers explore the multifaceted benefits of Vitamin C (VC) in cancer treatments. In this study, we utilized the NMR-based metabolomics approach to systematically surrogate the molecular basis underlying the anticancer property of VC in HCC cell. Moreover, combination of VC with chemotherapeutic agent was tried to investigate synergetic effects in modulating metabolic profiles of cancer cells. Our results help to reveal the molecular basis of HCC treatment and may facilitate future clinical therapy designs. |
| 2254 | Computer 130
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of response inhibition |
1Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 3University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands, 4Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 5Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Ten volunteers performed a Go/NoGo task during MRS acquisition at 7T to assess if event-related fMRS could detect dynamic glutamate changes during response inhibition. Metabolite spectra were acquired using a semiLASER sequence (to assess task-induced fluctuations in glutamate and lactate) and were interleaved with water-unsuppressed spectra (to assess the BOLD response-induced water linewidth changes). The voxel was placed in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. Although an fMRI pilot confirmed the voxel location, no significant differences in metabolite concentrations or water amplitude between NoGo and Go trials was detected. |
| 2255 | Computer 131
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MR compatible cell perfusion system allows investigating metabolism and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells during p53 re-activation induced senescence |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 3Department of Internal Medicine VIII, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, 4Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 5Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Here we investigated the metabolic characteristics and the effect of the so called senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) on extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation of p53 re-activation induced senescence, using a murine liver carcinoma cell model, where p53 is silenced in the presence of doxycycline hyclate. Senescence is induced within three days after doxycycline hyclate withdrawal and subsequent p53 re-activation. Our data revealed alterations of metabolites in p53-reactivation induced senescent H-Ras cells compared to control cells, including creatine, phosphocreatine and glycerophosphocholine indicating differences in energy and phospholipid metabolism. Senescent H-Ras cells tended to degrade the ECM more than control cells. |
| 2256 | Computer 132
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Detecting contaminants with long T2 relaxation time at 3 ppm in the human brain using the novel antiphase J difference editing method implemented in proton MRS at 7T |
1Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany, 2Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, Netherlands |
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In proton spectroscopy there are reports of macro-molecules (MM) in mobile form and therefore with long T2 relaxation time in the literature. Using the novel antiphase editing technique, we demonstrate the contribution of such contaminants to J-difference edited spectra at 3ppm, with implications for editing GABA. |
| 2257 | Computer 133
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Pharmacologically increased dopamine levels reduce GABA and glutamate concentrations in visual brain areas – a 1H MRS study at 3T |
1Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, 2Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany |
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Psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations are frequently observed in schizophrenia. Converging evidence suggests a link to dompaminergic neurotransmission, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, dopamine levels were pharmacologically increased in healthy volunteers to investigate possible neurochemical alterations in the visual cortex measured by single volume 1H MRS using the MEGA-PRESS sequence at 3 T. Reduced GABA and decreased glutamate concentrations were found induced by increased dopamine levels. The former might contribute to the perceptual deficits seen in schizophrenia, while the latter supports the theory of glutamate hypofunction in schizophrenia. |
| 2258 | Computer 134
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Behavior of the signal components of collagen solutions in vitro using UTE-MRI and MRS sequences |
1Section on Experimental Radiology, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 2Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tuebingen, Germany, 3Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany |
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Collagen is a protein physiologically abundant in cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Pathological processes in many organs might lead to accumulation of collagen in the extracellular space (eg, in hepatic, muscular or renal fibrosis), and non-invasive assessment of fibrotic changes in parenchyma is of high clinical interest. Ultrashort echo-time (UTE) sequences provide direct assessment of the fast decaying signals of collagen. In this work collagen solutions were analyzed in vitro with inversion recovery FID and spin echo spectroscopy sequences to get a better understanding of the different spectral components of collagen signals and their behavior using a 3T whole-body scanner. |
| 2259 | Computer 135
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Detection of NAD+ in human brain is possible even at 3T and in spite of water pre-saturation when using a large voxel size |
1University of Bern, Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Research, Bern, Switzerland, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research and Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States |
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The detection of Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) proved to be challenging in 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, as standard water presaturation showed to lead to a strong suppression of NAD+ signals due to the polarization exchange between NAD+ and water. For the detection of such low-concentration metabolites, a high Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) is crucial. One possibility to increase the SNR is to choose a large voxel size (VS). In this study we show that optimizing acquisition parameters focusing on high SNR and increasing the VS to 75 cm3 allows the detection of NAD+ at 3T with a semi-LASER sequence despite water presaturation. |
| 2260 | Computer 136
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Effects of Anaesthetic Duration and Time of Day on Metabolite Levels in Long Evans Rat |
1Physical Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, 3Department of Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland |
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The type and dose of anaesthesia affects both cerebral blood flow and metabolism. For experiments which involve measuring small changes in neuro-chemical levels either between groups, or following treatment, any differences in experimental conditions which increase the amount of variability can either mask or alter the results. Using 1H MRS, metabolites were quantified hourly in hippocampus and thalamus over the course of 5 hours under light isoflurane anaesthetic, in rats exposed to either a normal or a reversed light cycle. Both anaesthesia duration and light cycle had statistically significant effects on some, but not all, metabolites. |
| 2261 | Computer 137
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Functional MRS of aspartate, glutamate, glutamine and GABA- at 3 Tesla |
1Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2Radiology, Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology, Moscow, Russian Federation, 3Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation, 4Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation |
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In this research visual stimulation was used for the first functional MRS of aspartate, TE averaging – for pure glutamate and glutamine, and MEGA-PRESS for GABA- to find activation-induced changes at 3 Tesla. The results (except for glutamine) are in compliance with previously published data for 7T. The parameters behavior might reflect the manifestation of Glu neurotransmitter function predominance and metabolic character of changes in the concentrations of other parameters studied. |
| 2262 | Computer 138
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Long-term sensory stimulation causes slow GABA rise after fast glutamate rise: E/I balance monitored by 1H-MRS in awake mice brain |
1Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan, 2Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan |
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To clarify different temporal alterations of Glutamate (Glu) and GABA levels for excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance during neural activity in awake healthy mice, we performed 1H-MRS during whisker stimulation. The |
| 2263 | Computer 139
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Indirect 1H-[13C] NMR Spectroscopy in Rodent Alzheimer’s Model |
1Integrative Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Brain Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 4Comparative Medicine & Animal Resources Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States |
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder commonly associated with neuronal metabolic deficits. In this study, we employ an indirect 1H-[13C] MRS approach to investigate changes in glucose metabolism between wild type and transgenic Alzheimer rats. This method can be used to follow the labeling of downstream metabolites after [1-6,13C2] glucose infusion and allows for quantitative measurements of the rate of 13C-label transfer from glucose into glutamate and glutamine in the brain. Preliminary comparison of 13C fractional enrichment time courses suggest that transgenic rats exhibit slower 13C metabolite labeling, indicative of a lowered glucose metabolic rate in AD pathology. |
| 2264 | Computer 140
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Feasibility of Single Voxel Proton Spectroscopy of Pineal Gland at 7T |
1Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States, 2Psychiatry, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States |
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Taurine is an important metabolite present in the pineal gland and is involved in the regulation of melatonin, which is plays a key role in regulation of sleep-wake cycle, in endocrine metabolism and in depression. However, there have been no known in vivo studies that measured neuro-metabolites in the pineal gland. In this study, for the first time, we explored the feasibility of single voxel proton spectroscopy from pineal gland in vivo in healthy human volunteers at 7.0T MRI. |
| 2265 | Computer 141
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MRS reveals motor cortex basal GABA levels are correlated with handedness |
1Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel |
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Motor skills acquisition can manifest in changes in basal levels of metabolites in the motor cortex. We aim to study difference in metabolites basal levels in the ipsilateral and contralateral motor cortex using single voxel MRS. Our study showed significant difference only in basal GABA levels and the basal GABA/Glx ratio. This result should be kept in mind when interpreting or designing experiments studying the metabolic correlates of motor function. |
| 2266 | Computer 142
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Impact of Cannula Implantation on Neurochemical Profile in juvenile rat model for ADHD @ 11.7T |
1Core Facility Small Animal Imaging, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany, 2Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, 3Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, 4Core Facility Small Animal Imaging, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany |
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To detect subtle changes in the neurometabolite concentrations by MRS, it is of utmost importance that the dominant contribution to the metabolic changes, is caused by the pathology of interest itself. Many studies involve surgery to interface e.g. cannulas to the brain. We investigate the impact of implanting an intracerebral cannula on the striatal neurochemical profile. MRS of the striatum from both hemisphere was performed 14d after surgery. A significant reduction of almost all metabolites was observed in the hemisphere with cannulation as well as contralateral side, indicating a dominant impact of the surgery, which might impact the sensitivity of MRS for quantification of pathologic processes. |
| 2267 | Computer 143
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Initial observations of position-dependent B0 distortions in a concurrent TMS/MRS phantom experiment |
1Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 3Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada, 4Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 5Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 6Psychiatry, Non-Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, 7Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada |
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There is interest in using MRS to study the effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), but a major challenge is B0 inhomogeneities introduced by the TMS coil. Phantom work showed increasing B0 inhomogeneity as the MRS voxel was moved closer to the TMS coil. Distortions in the metabolite signals included increased noise fluctuations and spectral linewidth by ~50% when the voxel center was < 6cm away from the TMS coil B0 inhomogeneity effects were similar whether the TMS coil was pulsing prior to the PRESS sequence or not. Our results suggest TMS/MRS may be able to resolve spectra in vivo. |
| 2268 | Computer 144
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The association between plasma and brain glutamine and glutamate in healthy volunteers probed by LC-MS and 1H-MRS |
1Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan, 2Department of Functional Brain Imaging Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan, 3CIBM, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 5Department of Radiological Sciences, Komazawa University, Tokyo, Japan, 6National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan |
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The present study aimed to evaluate the association between the plasma and brain glutamine (Glu) and glutamate (Gln) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS), respectively, in 20 participants. A positive correlation between Gln to |
| 2269 | Computer 145
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Modulation of brain oxidative and glycolytic metabolisms using a finger tapping task: an ASL-fMRI and fMRS study |
1Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Fondation Campus Biotech Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 4Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Netherlands |
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Using [Lac] and [Glu] as markers of glycolytic and oxidative metabolisms, respectively, we investigated the involvement of each of these pathways during a finger tapping task at different frequencies. We measured BOLD and CBF data and metabolite concentrations at 7T. BOLD and CBF signals increased for increasing finger tapping frequencies as well as [Lac]. The [Glu] changes were smaller and, with the current number of participants, did not follow the same trend. |
| 2270 | Computer 146
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Neurochemical measurement in the thalamus: a test-retest study at 7T |
1Laboratory for functional and metabolic imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Laboratory of functional and metabolic imaging, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 3Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland |
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Thalamus has been known as a critical hub through which bidirectional neural signals are transmitted between |
| 2271 | Computer 147
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Sex-Related Choline Differences Detected in Posterior Cingulate Gyrus of Healthy Controls |
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States |
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There has been little consensus over the existence of sex-related neurochemical differences in the human brain. This analysis reveals a significant difference in tCho/tCr in the posterior cingulate gyrus of males and females of a large age range. These results indicate that sex should be considered in study recruitment, disease progression, and treatment following injury. |
| 2272 | Computer 148
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Characterizing the relationships between early systemic cytokine levels and neurochemical changes in Alzheimer’s disease: A longitudinal neuroimaging study in the TgF344-AD rodent model |
1Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, 2Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Verdun, QC, Canada, 3Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada |
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Cytokines are chemical signalling molecules released by the immune system in response to pathological insults. Cytokine upregulation is an early feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and a possible contributor to downstream neuropathology and cognitive decline. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), cytokine-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and behavioural measures, we aimed to investigate the relationships between cytokine activity, early neurochemical changes and cognitive decline in an AD rodent model. Preliminary metabolic alterations suggest a paradoxical increase in synaptic activity, coinciding with cognitive deficits. This ongoing study is a step towards understanding the impact of abnormal cytokine levels on the AD brain. |
| 2273 | Computer 149
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1H MRS assessment of lipid composition at 3T and 7T |
1NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University hospitals NHS trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 2Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 3School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Louhgborough, United Kingdom |
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MRI and MRS provides a powerful tool to non-invasively assess lipid deposition in vivo. In addition to fat fraction measurements, recent studies have shown that lipid composition may play an important role in health outcomes. 1H MRS at high field strength provides good SNR of individual fat peaks and can be used to asses lipid composition (saturation, poly-unsaturation etc.). In this study a number of edible oils were scanned at 3T and 7T and MR spectra used to compare measurements of lipid composition with predicted values. An in vivo dataset was also acquired for comparison. |
| 2274 | Computer 150
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Distribution pattern of neurotransmitters and antioxidants in human brain: a 1H-MRS study at 7 T |
1Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 2Center for Information and Neural Networks (CiNet), National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Osaka, Japan, 3Endowed Research Department of Clinical Neuroengineering, Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 4Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan, 5Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan |
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The concentrations of some neurotransmitters (N–acetylaspartylglutamate (NAAG), glutamate (Glu), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)) and some antioxidants (glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (Asc), and taurine (Tau)) were measured in human brain gray and white matters by using 1H-MRS at 7 T. The distribution patterns of NAAG, Glu, and GABA were completely different from each other. The distribution patterns of the antioxidants had a relatively similar tendency. The concentrations of Asc and Tau were significantly higher in gray matters than in white matters, although there was no significant difference in GSH concentration between the gray and white matter. |
| 2275 | Computer 151
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Potential Celiac disease (CeD) patients may serve as pre-clinical model to understand pathogenesis of Celiac Disease: A NMR metabonomics approach |
1Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, 2Department of Gastroenterology and human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Pathology, All India Institute of medical sciences, New Delhi, India |
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Potential celiac disease (CeD) patients have positive CeD associated antibodies (anti-tissue tansglutaminase antibodies) and HLA-DQ2 and/or HLA-DQ8 genotype but no intestinal inflammation. NMR based metabonomic study of blood plasma of potential CeD patients demonstrated a distinct metabolic fingerprint characterized by raised histidine and proline in comparison to healthy controls. The changes in histidine suggested compromised cytoprotective mechanism while elevated arginine level indicated altered functioning of intestinal cells in potential CeD. These altered metabolic activities could be the initial event that precede the pathogenesis of CeD and may contribute to intestinal inflammation which results in villous atrophy. |
| 2276 | Computer 152
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Role of combining NMR metabolomics data of intestinal mucosal biopsies, blood plasma and urine for determining biomarker/s for Celiac Disease (CeD) |
1Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, 2Department of Pathology, All India Institute of medical sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Gastroenterology and human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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NMR based metabonomics of small intestinal mucosal biopsies, blood plasma and urine samples from same set of patients demonstrated the underlying biochemical abnormalities and biomarker/s for celiac disease (CeD). Intestinal mucosa of CeD patients had higher levels of proline and allantoin while lower glycine, histidine and GPC compared to controls. Metabolome of blood plasma of CeD patients showed significantly higher concentration of proline, arginine and β-hydroxybutyrate while urine had higher proline, allantoin and β-hydroxybutyrate compared to healthy controls. These findings indicated metabolic abnormalities associated with villous atrophy seen in CeD and suggested proline, arginine and allantoin may serve as biomarker/s. |
| 2277 | Computer 153
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Blood plasma metabolic profiling discriminates prostate cancer patients with metastases from those without metastases |
1Department of NMR and MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 2Department of Urology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radio-diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India |
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The present study evaluates the metabolic profile of blood plasma for distinguishing prostate cancer (PCa) patients with metastases (n=30) and without metastases (n=35) using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Our data showed significant lower concentration of leucine, valine, isoleucine, glycerophosphocholine, glutamine and acetoacetate in PCa patents with metastases as compared to patients without metastases. Results provided an insight into the alterations in the metabolic pathways in PCa and indicated that NMR spectroscopy may help in determining potential biomarker/s for the diagnosis of PCa patients with metastases. |
| 2278 | Computer 154
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Evaluation of Bovine Brain Extract Phantom Structure through Polarization Transfer Solid-State NMR |
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Nashville, TN, United States, 3Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden |
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Myelin MRI phantoms used to characterize magnetization dynamics require comparable microstructure and composition to physiological myelin for experiments to be translatable. Folch Fraction I bovine brain extract was evaluated for its phase behavior, composition, and structure through Polarization Transfer solid-state NMR (PT ssNMR), 31P static NMR, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Results indicate the absence of cholesterol and the coexistence of solid and liquid isotropic phases in phantoms across various solvent contents at body temperature, as opposed to physiological myelin's multi-lamellar liquid crystalline structure. Experiments aimed at characterizing myelin’s microstructure should look to other preparation methods. |
| 2279 | Computer 155
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Brain regional susceptibility to Oxidative Stress in a rat model of Chronic Hepatic Encephalopathy: in-vivo 1H MRS, ex-vivo ESR spectroscopy and histology findings |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Service of Biomedicine, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland, 3Swiss Center for Liver Disease in Children, Department of Pediatrics, HUG, Lausanne, Switzerland, 4Laboratory of Physics of Complex Matter, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, 5Swiss Center for Liver Disease in Children, Department of Pediatrics, HUG, Geneva, Switzerland |
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Oxidative stress (OS) is thought to be an important factor in chronic hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) pathogenesis. Combining in-vivo 1H-MRS, ex-vivo ESR and histology of CNS allowed us to investigate the course and brain regional difference of cerebral OS in the rat model of CHE. Early changes in brain antioxidants (Asc and GSH, post-BDL) were validated by ESR and histology. Our results showed a stronger vulnerability of cerebellum and confirmed that the antioxidant system impairment and central OS is an early event in CHE. |
| 2280 | Computer 156
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Probing Cellular Metabolite Diffusion Characteristics for Intact Human Prostate Tissue with HRMAS Diffusion Ordered MRS |
1Radiology and Pathlogy, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States, 2Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States, 3MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States |
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Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer death among men, however, in clinic at present, there is still a lack of sensitive biomarkers that can assist accurate diagnoses for PCa patients. Our laboratory has been engaged in the discovery of PCa metabolomic markers in the past decade using intact tissue high-resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HRMAS MRS). In this study, we further our endeavor by investigations of prostate tissue with diffusion ordered MRS to include the physical properties of cellular metabolites through evaluations of their diffusion characteristics.in the biomarker discovery. |
| 2281 | Computer 157
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Comparison of LCModel fitting of HRMAS spectra acquired from malignant glioma tissue using free induction decay and Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill pulse sequences |
1Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States |
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Gliomas are a class of aggressive brain tumors with a low survival rate. New biomarkers are needed to monitor tumor progression and response to treatment. Our goal was to compare the effectiveness of operator-independent LCModel analysis for HRMAS NMR spectra acquired from histologically confirmed glioma tissue (n=14) using both FID and CPMG pulse sequences. The CRLBs of lactate and myo-inositol were significantly lower for spectra acquired with the CPMG compared to the FID sequence. Relevant glioma metabolites were quantified with LCModel from most spectra acquired with CPMG but not FID. |
| 2282 | Computer 158
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Tumor COX-2 overexpression in triple negative breast cancer alters spleen metabolism |
1Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, United States, 3Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme that mediates the inflammatory response of cells. COX-2 overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancers. Here we have investigated the effect of tumor COX-2 overexpression on spleen metabolism, using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), as part of an overall focus on understanding the impact of cancers on inducing metabolic changes in critical organs. We focused on the spleen since it plays a critical role in the immune response and detected distinct differences in glutamate and lactate with COX-2 overexpression. |
| 2283 | Computer 159
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Metabolic profiling discriminates between BRAFi sensitive and BRAFi resistant melanoma cells |
1Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium, 2NEST Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies Platform, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium |
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The aim of this work is to identify a marker of response or resistance to BRAF inhibition in melanoma. BRAF inhibition resulted in a decrease of 13C label exchange between hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and lactate in sensitive, but not in resistant, melanoma cells. Such effect is likely to be mediated by a reduction of the lactate pool due to (i) decreased flux through glycolysis, (ii) reduced MCT1-mediated lactate uptake and (iii) increased lactate efflux via MCT4. The lactate/pyruvate ratio may help to discriminate between sensitive and resistant melanoma cells, by reflecting the different metabolic alterations that the cells undergo. |
| 2284 | Computer 160
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Metabolomics study of urine discriminates prostate cancer (PCa) patients from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by 1H NMR spectroscopy |
1Department of NMR & MRI Facility, India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, NEW DELHI, India, 2Department of Urology, India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radio-diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India |
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The present study demonstrates the potential of proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) based metabolic profiling of urine for distinguishing prostate cancer patients (PCa; n=43) from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH; n=30) and to determine non-invasive biomarker/s for diagnosis. A significantly lower concentration of leucine, valine, hippurate, dimethylglycine, glycerophosphocholine, glutamine, glycine, taurine and creatinine were observed in PCa patients as compared to BPH. Our result suggests metabolic alterations due to protein turnover, cell proliferation, energy demand and gut micro-biota metabolism in PCa patients. |
| 2285 | Computer 161
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High-grade and low-grade prostate cancer discrimination via blood plasma NMR based metabolomics |
1Department of NMR & MRI Facility, India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, NEW DELHI, India, 2Department of Urology, India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, 3Department of Radio-diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, 4Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India |
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This study investigates the metabolic profile of blood plasma for distinguishing prostate cancer (PCa) patients with high Gleason score (GS≥7) and low Gleason score (GS<7) using 1H-NMR metabolomics. A significantly higher concentration of lactate, pyruvate, choline, dimethylamine, acetate and alanine were observed in the blood plasma of PCa patients with high Gleason score as compared to patients with low Gleason score. Our results suggested that the metabolic pathway alterations seen in amino acids, choline, glucose and ketone body may be related to changes in PCa progression. |
| 2286 | Computer 162
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Matlab Tool for Residual Water Suppression and Denoising of MRS Signal using the Schrodinger operator |
1King Abdullah University of Sciences and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 2Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Ghent, Gent, Belgium, 3Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, ON, Canada |
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A new user interactive platform for MRS data processing is proposed. This toolbox is based on the Semi-Classical Signal Analysis (SCSA) for Residual Water Suppression and MRS signal denoising. It allows MRS users to achieve water suppression and data denoising, with data fitting as an additional feature. The toolbox is easy to install and to use: 1) visualization of spectroscopy data, 2) water suppression and denoising, 3) iterative data fitting using nonlinear least squares. This abstract demonstrates how each of these features has been incorporated and provides technical details about the implementation as a graphical user interface in MATLAB. |
| 2287 | Computer 163
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Investigating the Role of Glutamine Transporters in Breast Cancer |
1The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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We are investigating aberrant glutamine metabolism in breast cancer to discover potential novel therapeutic targets to inhibit a critical energy source for cancer cells. We have examined glutamine and glutamate levels using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) across multiple breast cancer cell types and have begun to look at the molecular mechanisms of glutamine addiction using qRT-PCR. We identified SLC38A3 to be overexpressed in nearly every breast cancer cell line examined, which may, in the future, serve as a potential target in breast cancer. |
| 2288 | Computer 164
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Multi-exponential decay of dipolar order in spinal cord and its correlation to spin diffusion |
1School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2SQITS/NICHD/, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States |
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Images obtained by inhomogeneous magnetization transfer were analyzed using models involving Zeeman and dipolar orders. These orders are affected by spin diffusion and relaxation. In the current study a method that enables the measurement of these processes in spinal cord by the same pulse sequence is presented. Magnetization transfer time (MT, spin diffusion) between CH2 groups is ~0.1ms while the MT between them and CH3 groups is much slower (~2ms). The dipolar order is found to decay by three exponentials process (0.11, 0.86, 11.4ms). The fastest decaying component is compatible with the spin diffusion between the CH2. |
| 2289 | Computer 165
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Magnetic Resonance Spectrum Simulator (MARSS): Software for Fast and Reliable Simulation of Spin Systems |
1Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States, 2Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States |
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Accurate density matrix simulation of nuclear spin systems is critical for quantifying magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) data, as well as for simulation studies designed to optimize acquisition parameters. Although a variety of packages exist to achieve this result, no currently available software is capable of computing a large number of spatial points in a reasonable time frame. Here we present and experimentally validate a novel MATLAB-based software package able to compute complex spin systems, including those exhibiting scalar coupling like GABA, for 643 spatial points within 25 minutes. |
| 2290 | Computer 166
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Neurochemical evolution of murine embryonic brain, an in vivo 1H MRS study at 14.1T |
1Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland, 2Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 3Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland |
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1H MRS study of embryonic brain development is feasible and offers valuable insights towards early brain development in utero. |
| 2291 | Computer 167
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Assessment of Thalamic Metabolic Processes in a Migraine Model: A Relaxation Enhanced Diffusion Weighted MRS Study at 21.1 T |
1Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 2National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States, 3NeuroSpin, Paris, France, 4Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States |
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To date, there is a lack of characterization of metabolic markers in migraine studies. Though numerous studies implicate cerebral dysfunction, robust biomarkers are yet to be identified in the migraine brain. It thus follows that identification of specific metabolic changes, potentially influenced by excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters, may improve understanding of migraine onset and propagation while opening new avenues for therapy development. With the goal of evaluating metabolic processes, diffusion-weighed spectroscopy is used to identify longitudinal changes in the in vivo thalamus of an acute rodent of migraine model. |
| 2292 | Computer 168
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Association of central arterial stiffness with hippocampal blood flow and N-acetyl aspartate in hypertensive Dahl salt sensitive rats |
1Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States |
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Central arterial stiffness (CAS) is associated with hypertension and is likely associated with stiffening of cerebral artery walls, with attendant cerebral hypoperfusion, neuronal density loss and cognitive decline. We sought to explore associations between pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of CAS, and hippocampal blood flow and neuronal density in hypertensive Dahl salt sensitive (Dahl-S) rats, which exhibit age-associated memory loss. We observed direct correlations between greater PWV, lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) and lower N-acetyl aspartate/total creatine ratio (NAA/tCr) in the hippocampus, supporting the role of CAS in cerebrovascular dysfunction and decline in cognitive performance with hypertension and aging. |
| 2293 | Computer 169
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Alteration in 1H MRS metabolites in the rat spinal cord after experimental craniospinal irradiation |
1Division of Neurosciences at Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, 2Institute of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, 3Department of Medical Biochemistry, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia, 4Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, University Hospital Martin, Martin, Slovakia |
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We investigated the metabolic effect of a clinically relevant craniospinal irradiation on the rat spinal cord using 1H MRS at 7T. Hundred days after the fractionated irradiation performed by radioactive isotope 60Co (16Gy in 2 fractions), irradiated and sham-irradiated animals underwent in vivo 1H MRS examination. Spinal cord spectra were measured by SVS sequence with voxel size of 3.5x2x7.5mm3. In spinal cord of irradiated animals was confirmed significantly reduced tNAA/tCr and increased tCho/tCr ratio, both showing demyelination and inflammatory processes. It seems that in vivo 1H MRS of spinal cord could be useful for radiation therapy monitoring. |
| 2294 | Computer 170
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Quantifying the CEST@2ppm from 5-pool Lorentzian fitting in the substantia nigra of acute MPTP mouse models at 7 Tesla |
1Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China |
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Non-invasive and quantifiable diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease is an ongoing challenge for researchers. In this study, we worked on the CEST signal at 2ppm (CEST@2ppm) in the substantia nigra of acute 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse models at three different time points including pre and 3rd day, 10th day after treatment. CEST@2ppm after 5-pool lorentzian fitting showed a statistically significant difference after MPTP injection and metrics based on this fitting model ( MTRrex and AREX) also indicated positive correlation of CEST@2ppm with the SN damages while the statistic difference of 3rd and 10th day was not significant. This quantifying CEST signal may reflect the pathological mechanism of PD in SN. |
| 2295 | Computer 171
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Ex vivo quantification of hepatic fatty acid in mice fed with western-diet using magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 9.4 T |
1Biomedical Imaging Center, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 2Faculty of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3Gastroenterology Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile |
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The idea of defining a biomarker to assess the progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) by using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) emerges due to the need to find a way to replace biopsy with a non-invasive method. The purpose of this study is to investigate the composition of the liver fatty acids based in the metabolite signals in MRS in NAFLD mice fed with a western-diet at 3 time-point during the progression of the disease. Our findings showed significant changes in the diallylic (2.8 ppm), olefinic (5.3ppm), allilic (2.0 ppm) and bulk methylene (1.3 ppm) peaks during the progression of the NAFLD by using high-resolution MRS. |
| 2296 | Computer 172
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Water T2 is altered with hepatic lipid fraction at 3 Tesla |
1Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands, 2Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM school for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, Netherlands, 3Internal medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands |
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1H-MRS is extensively used to measure the hepatic lipid content. Conventionally, the water resonance is used as an internal reference, thereby assuming a constant T2 decay of water across individuals to estimate absolute hepatic lipid content. However, the T2 values reported in literature for 3T vary widely, which might be due to different subject populations and/or other methodological discrepancies. The purpose of this study was to measure T2 of water in a group of subjects with a wide range of hepatic lipid content and to evaluate whether there is a dependence of water T2 relaxation times and hepatic lipid fraction. |
| 2297 | Computer 173
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Numerical analysis of different dual-tuned coils for head and knee imaging at 7T |
1Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States, 2Radiology and Radiological Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States |
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A recurring need in MRI and MRS is to acquire signals from multiple nuclei, 1H proton |
| 2298 | Computer 174
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Diffusion tensor and Dixon imaging for guiding proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic evaluation of intra and extra myocellular lipids in skeletal muscle |
1Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, CHI St Luke's Health, Houston, TX, United States, 2Physics, Univeristy of Houston, Houston, TX, United States, 3Philips Healthcare, Gainesville, FL, United States, 4Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States |
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A different level of overlap between intramyocellular and extramyocellular lipids signal (EMCL and IMCL) depends on muscle fiber orientation and interstitial/fascial muscle fat tissue. We proposed diffusion tensor imaging and Dixon reconstructed fiber orientation map and maximum intensity projection fat maps to guide MR spectroscopy acquisition by carefully positioning the voxel so as to minimize these two effects. This method can be used to improve the consistency and accuracy of using MRS to quantify the intra skeletal muscle lipids and minimize variability in longitudinal studies such as evaluating disease progression or monitoring treatment progress |