Daniel Hernandez1, Yonghwa Jeong1, Taewoo Nam2, and Kyoung-Nam Kim3
1Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 2Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of, 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea, Republic of
Synopsis
Keywords: RF Arrays & Systems, RF Arrays & Systems
Motivation: The poultry industry utilizes MRI to assess egg quality, especially to identify fertilized eggs. Image quality across eggs should be similar and with efficient filling factor.
Goal(s): The goal is to design a specialized coil for MRI that can efficiently and accurately scan multiple eggs , providing the same image quality for each egg.
Approach: The proposed coil has a multiloop structure. We used electromagnetic simulations to compute the magnetic field and compared the proposed coil with a volume and individual loop coils.
Results: Validated through simulations and MR images, the coil displayed the scalability and, enabling the imaging of multiple eggs
Impact: The proposed coil design shows better egg per area filling factor efficiency and uniform
image quality for each egg and also scalability for high-throughput
egg screening. This design promises to enhance multiple egg imaging quality control in the
poultry industry.
Introduction
The
utilization of MRI technology within the poultry industry holds significant
importance in optimizing egg production processes and ensuring product quality.
MRI provides producers with the capability to make decisions about egg quality
through image analysis. A recent development in the poultry sector involves the
use of MRI for identifying fertilized eggs, with the potential to scan
approximately 9000 eggs per hour [1]. This advancement presents a promising
tool for elevating efficiency and precision in egg production and quality
control. While MRI is traditionally associated with human and small animal
imaging, recent studies have ventured into the realm of avian egg imaging [2].
These studies focus on comprehending the development and structural growth of
embryos, including the analysis of egg fertilization without the need to breach
the eggshell [3].Methods
Our
research introduces a coil design capable of generating a uniform |B1|-field
for multiple eggs while utilizing a single channel. This innovative coil design
takes the form of a multiple loop structure, that can be scaled for multiple
loops, as illustrated in Fig. 1a. Comprising two distinct layers – the upper
(displayed in green) and lower (displayed in blue) – with a small vertical
separation, this coil's conductor lines adhere to a half-circumference
geometry, with the other half following a continuous semicircular wave pattern.
From a top view, the coil may appear as multiple loop coils; however, the
unique feature lies in the fact that the loop is not fully closed and connected
for each turn as shown by the red circle, except at the extremes. To ensure
symmetrical |B1|-field performance, the source is strategically positioned at
the coil's center, as indicated in Fig. 1a. The coil consists of a radius of
25mm and 5 turn, with a length of 255 mm and capacitors are placed for tuning
as shown in Fig. 1a.
We
compared the performance of the proposed coil with three other coil
configurations: an 8-channel volume coil with, a 5 channel individual loop
array coil of 25 mm radius each, and a 3-channel multi loop coil array with 15
eggs, as illustrated in Fig. 1b. Electromagnetic simulations were performed for
each coil, utilizing Sim4life software from Zurich ZMT. Every coil was tuned
and matched to the operating frequency of a 7T MRI scanner, corresponding to
297.4 MHz. The coil was constructed, tuned, and matched to 297MHz and 50 Ohms,
featuring a radius of 25mm, with each channel accommodating 5 eggs. As depicted
in Fig. 1c, we constructed three channels for image acquisition, allowing us to
acquire images of 15 eggs.Results
Figure
2a displays the |B1|-field of the 5 eggs acquired using the 8-channel array
coil, while Figure 2b shows the field for the individual loop coils. Notably,
the proposed coil, presented in Figure 2c with the 5 eggs in the z-y axis, provides
a |B1|-field of similar intensity to that of the single loop coils while
reducing the space between eggs. The x-z view shown in Fig. 2d displays the
magnetic field for the 15 eggs with the 3ch of the proposed coil. it should be
noted that the uniformity and a similar field intensity and patterns is acquired
for each egg.
Images
of the three types of coils were acquired utilizing a 7T MRI scanner from
Siemens (Magnetom) and a Turbo Spin Echo pulse sequence. Figure 3a offers a
comparison of egg images obtained using a clinical head 8-channel volume coil
(top), individual 5-channel array coil (middle), and the 1-channel braid-coil
(bottom). In Figure 3b, the image from the 3-channel braided coil array reveals
the acquisition of images of 15 eggs.Discussions
This
study introduces a remarkable coil capable of capturing MR images of multiple
eggs with a minimal number of transmission and reception channels, all while
maintaining high image intensity and uniformity for each egg. We anticipate
that the proposed coil will find utility in advancing in-Ovo MRI applications
and research endeavors.Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the
Institute for Information & Communications Technology Promotion (IITP)
grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (No. 2021-0-00490)References
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