Spinal cord MRI is important for the diagnosis and understanding disease mechanisms in multiple sclerosis (MS). Multiple short-segment non-enhancing lesions are pathognomonic for MS and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis typical of NMOSD. The recommended clinical protocol must include at least 2 of the following 4 sagittal sequences: (i) T2w SE with moderately long TE; (ii) proton-density (turbo/fast) SE; (iii) STIR; iv) PSIR. The single acquisition of a T2w sequence is not sufficient, due to its limited sensitivity in depicting signal abnormalities and a second sequence (PD, STIR, PSIR) is required to confirm the presence of lesions and exclude artefacts