Forming Echoes with RF Pulses
Jakob Assländer1
1New York University School of Medicine, United States

Synopsis

Any sequence of radio frequency (RF) pulse forms echoes, such as spin echoes or stimulated echoes. This lecture will cover the underlying principles of such echoes. I will discuss why and when echoes occur, provide an understanding of how “to generate, recognize, use or avoid them,” to use Juergen Hennig’s words. To this end, I will explain two helpful and mutually related tools to simulate echoes: Bloch simulations and the extended phase graph formalism. Last, but not least, I will give some practical examples of how echoes are used in routine MR imaging.

Acknowledgements

No acknowledgement found.

References

No reference found.
Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med. 30 (2022)