Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a worldwide major public health problem. proton density fat fraction (PDFF) is a noninvasive quantitative evaluation method of hepatic steatosis. PDFF has excellent diagnostic value for assessment of liver fat accumulation and classification of histologic steatosis in patients with NAFLD. PDFF may be more sensitive than histological examination in detecting small changes in liver fat content. PDFF is a useful tool for the assessment of longitudinal changes of hepatic steatosis due to its noninvasiveness and high reproducibility. Recently, PDFF can also apply to other organs.