Synopsis

Since its validation in the 1980’s, numerous applications of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) have been demonstrated in monitoring human tissue metabolites and lipids non-invasively. After recording the anatomical MR images, image-guided localization of volume-of-interest (VOI) and signal acquisition have been accomplished. Phase-encoding gradients can be included into the VOI localization techniques such as PRESS, STEAM, FID and more to record MR Spectroscopic Imaging (MRSI). Longer duration of MRSI can be shortened using echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI), SI using concentric ring trajectories (SI-CONCEPT), spiral and radial MRSI. In this presentation, we will review these historical developments in assessing tissue biochemistry non-invasively.