Synopsis

Endometriosis, a common gynecologic disorder affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, is defined as the extra-uterine presence of functional endometrial tissue. The most common symptoms are pelvic pain and infertility, though they do not always correlate with disease severity. Endometriosis typically affects the ovaries, uterosacral ligaments, peritoneum, fallopian tubes, urinary tract, and rectosigmoid colon. Though definite diagnosis requires laparoscopy, preoperative identification of endometriosis and its extension is crucial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent imaging modality for diagnosis and treatment planning. Radiologists should be familiar with the MRI features of endometriosis and its wide spectrum of manifestations.