This pilot study shows the T2 changes that occur within cartilage in patients with meniscal transplantation. A full trial to prove whether meniscal allograph translation is justied
Materials and Methods
A single centre pilot RCT with parallel preference groups was performed on participants with a symptomatic knee compartment that had previously had a (sub-) total meniscectomy. Participants not willing to be randomised entered the preference groups. Participants were studied on a 3-T MRI using a multi-echo sequence for T2 mapping. Changes in T2 values in three femoral cartilage regions of interest (ROI) (anterior, under the posterior horn of the meniscus and posterior) of the affected compartment of the knee were compared at one year. The change in Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS4) score at one year was correlated with the ROI using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.Results
Thirty-six participants entered the study; 21 were randomised (mean age 27.5 years, 81% lateral meniscectomies) and 15 chose their treatments (mean age 28.7, 74% lateral meniscectomies). Baseline demographics and treatment outcomes were similar between the randomised and preference groups, allowing pooling of data. The mean change in T2 values at one year in the meniscal allograft transplantation and physiotherapy groups respectively were: 1.97 and 4.23 (p=0.63) in the anterior ROI, 2.30 and 5.13 (p=0.57) in ROI under the posterior horn of the meniscus, and 5.67 and 7.57 (p=0.62) in the posterior ROI. There was a moderate (0.38) correlation between improved clinical scores and lower T2 values, although this had borderline statistical significance (p=0.07).Conclusions
In this first pilot RCT comparing meniscal allograft transplantation to non-operative treatment, all ROI showed changes in T2 measures favouring surgery. Whilst differences between the trial groups were not statistically significant in this pilot investigation, these results warrant a full trial to determine whether meniscal allograft transplantation may be chondroprotective. There was a moderate correlation between lower T2 values and improved clinical outcomes, suggesting that T2 measurements are clinically relevant.