I. Current Therapeutic Landscape in Malignant Glioma. We will discuss the current standard of care in glioblastoma and malignant glioma as well as new therapies and how they are integrated and may change into this therapeutic landscape.

II. Brief History of Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology. We will discuss the history of response assessment from the WHO and Levin Criteria through Macdonald and classical response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) criteria. We will also briefly discuss new RANO initiatives including RANO for low grade gliomas, RANO for immunotherapies (iRANO), and updates on classical RANO criteria being developed for the new GBM AGILE global adaptive

III. Improved Perfusion MR Quantification and Strategies for Use in Response Assessment. We will discuss new evidence and studies using perfusion MRI to assess therapeutic response in malignant gliomas including quantification of hypervascular tumor volume by comparison to a large-scale radiographic atlas, new leakage correction algorithms for improved quantification of cerebral blood volume, and the use of new multi-echo perfusion techniques including vascular size imaging (VSI) to characterize changes malignant glioma vasculature during therapy.

IV. Advanced Imaging Techniques including pH- and hypoxia-weighted MRI. We will discuss promising new clinical imaging techniques including pH- and hypoxia-weighted multi-echo amine chemical exchange saturation transfer echoplanar imaging (CEST EPI) of malignant gliomas under a variety of therapeutic conditions in both human and preclinical models.