Calcific Longus Colli Tendinitis: Emphasis on MRI Appearance with Variations in Anatomical Correlation
Tamami Shirakawa1, Kazutoshi Inamura2, Yasuhisa Tanaka3, Takeshi Hoshikawa3, Megumi Kuchiki1, and Atsuko Oda1

1Radiology, Tohoku Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan, 2Otolaryngology, Tohoku Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan, 3Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku Central Hospital, Yamagata, Japan

Synopsis

Calcific longus colli tendinitis is an inflammatory lesion in the prevertebral space. When prevertebral effusion is observed on MRI, awareness of the prevertebral muscle swelling with signal change and the associated mass effect would suggest that the main site of the lesion is the prevertebral space, not the retropharyngeal space and may thus prevent both misdiagnosis as a retropharyngeal abscess and unnecessary treatment. The variability in the level of calcification and prevertebral effusion is highlighted in the present study in order to assist in the establishment of the correct radiological diagnosis.

Purpose

The purposes of our poster are to:

(1) demonstrate characteristic imaging findings of calcific longus colli tendinitis and

(2) emphasize recognition of the pathognomonic imaging appearance in order to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.

Outline of Content

Calcific longus colli tendinitis is an uncommon disease involving inflammation caused by deposition of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals in the longus colli muscle. Symptoms include neck pain, limited neck movement, and odynophagia. CT demonstrates prevertebral calcification as well as effusion or edema and is the typical imaging modality used to exclude retropharyngeal abscess from the differential diagnosis. On the other hand, MRI of the cervical spine is often the initial imaging modality for suspected spinal disease. Therefore, recognition of calcific longus colli tendinitis and an understanding of the diagnostic criteria for this disease on MRI are important.

MRI examinations of the cervical spine totaled more than 8000 between June 2005 and September 2015 in our hospital. Three patients had findings consistent with calcific longus colli tendinitis. Short inversion time inversion recovery (STIR) images were useful in demonstrating the increased signal intensity in the swollen prevertebral muscles as well as prevertebral effusion (Fig. 1-3). The longus capitis muscle was displaced anteriorly by effusion and swelling of the longus colli muscle (Fig. 1). Hypointense signal anterior to the vertebra corresponded to calcification on CT and plain radiograph (Fig. 1-3). One patient presented with the typical location of calcification anterior to C1-C2 involving the superior oblique fibers of the longus colli muscle (Fig. 1). Two patients presented with unusual locations of calcification anterior to C3-C4 and C5-C6 level, respectively (Fig. 2, 3). Calcium deposition anterior to C3-C4 and C5-C6 was thought to involve the vertical fibers of the longus colli muscle.

Summary

The most important elements in the successful establishment of the diagnosis of calcific longus colli tendinitis include the recognition of the existence of this disease and the awareness of its characteristic appearance on radiological imaging modalities. When prevertebral effusion is present on MRI, awareness of prevertebral muscle swelling with signal change and the related mass effect suggests the possibility of calcific longus colli tendinitis. The variability in the level of calcification and prevertebral effusion are highlighted in the present study in order to assist in the establishment of the correct radiological diagnosis.

Acknowledgements

No acknowledgement found.

References

No reference found.

Figures

Fig.1

STIR images demonstrate prevertebral effusion (short arrow) and high signal intensity of the right longus colli muscle (large arrow). The right longus capitis muscle (double arrows) is displaced anteriorly by effusion and the swollen right longus colli muscle. Hypointense signal anterior to C1-C2 corresponds to calcification on CT (arrowhead).


Fig.2

STIR images show prevertebral effusion (short arrow) and high signal intensity with swelling of the right longus colli muscle (large arrow). Hypointense signal in the right para-midline area, anterior to the C3-C4 disc, corresponds to calcification on CT (arrowhead).


Fig.3

STIR images show prevertebral effusion (short arrow) and high signal intensity with swelling of the bilateral longus colli muscles (large arrow). Hypointense signal anterior to the C5-C6 disc corresponds to calcification on the lateral view radiograph of the cervical spine (arrowhead).




Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med. 24 (2016)
2263