An initial experiment of "Flexible PET/MRI" for CNS tumors
Takuya Hinoda1, Yasutaka Fushimi1, Tomohisa Okada1,2, Ryusuke Nakamoto1, Yuji Nakamoto1, and Kaori Togashi1

1Radiology, Graduate school of Mediine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, 2Human Brain Research Center, Graduate school of Mediine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

Synopsis

“Flexible PET (fxPET)”, a dual-head mobile DOI-TOF PET system with MR compatibility, is a newly developed device which enable us to examine the positron-emission tomography. In this first trial of the central nervous system (CNS), we tried to confirm the clinical feasibility of the fxPET with a 1.5T MRI scanner. The result of this study showed that fxPET have clinical feasibility in comparison with PET-CT. PET/MRI is an emerging modality. PET/MRI can provide us useful metabolic information to MRI images.

Purpose

“Flexible PET (fxPET)”, a dual-head mobile DOI-TOF PET system with MR compatibility, is a newly developed device which enable us to examine the positron-emission tomography everywhere. PET-MRI has been applied to malignant neoplasms, and could play an important role in all phases of patient’s management12. Recently several faculty introduce a hybrid PET/MRI system, but the size and cost is an issue to resolve. The fxPET can solve such issues because fxPET can be equipped with an existing MR unit. In this first trial of the central nervous system (CNS), we tried to confirm the clinical feasibility of the fxPET with a 1.5T MRI scanner.

Materials and Methods

Flexible PET; dual-head mobile DOI-TOF PET system with MR compatibility (Shimadzu). (Fig.1a)

fxPET/MRI; the FlexiblePET was equipped with 1.5T MRI scanner (Excelart Vantage, Toshiba) (Fig.1b)

Patients; 10 patients with known CNS tumor who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for pre-operative examination. (M: F = 4:6; age range, 42-72 years old; median, 58) were enrolled.

Protocol; every patients underwent 18F-FDG-PET/CT, and then PET and MRI images were acquired at the FlexiblePET/MRI unit. SUVmax was calculated from images of the PET/CT and the fxPET/MRI. The linear regression analysis for SUVmax between PET/CT and fxPET/MRI was conducted. Two individual neuro-radiologists evaluated the image of FxPET/MRI, focusing the image registration and image quality.

Results

Phantom images

NEMA body phantom image was shown in Fig.2a. MRI phantom images were shown in Fig.2b-d. In NEMA phantom, there was some distortion in vertical plane due to detector form. In MRI phantom, there was almost no degradation and noise.

Patient Images

All of the images were excellent with minimum mis-resgistration and sufficient for clinical usage (Fig. 3 and 4). The values of SUVmax in the fxPET had excellent correlation with those in the PET/CT (R2 = 0.87, r = 0.98) (Fig. 5).

Discussion

This result showed that fxPET have clinical feasibility in comparison with PET-CT. PET/MRI is an emerging modality. PET/MRI can provide us useful metabolic information to MRI images. In CNS, we struggle with a dilemma that we cannot remove all of the lesions to preserve the function and should evaluate only small biopsy specimen of the lesions in spite of the tumor-heterogeneity. We can perform more accurate biopsy if we acquire a high-quality fused images of PET and MRI. So fxPET/MRI would be meaningful in patient’s management.

Conclusion

Newly developed fxPET provide good fused PET-MRI images, and have clinical feasibility.

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO).

References

1. Catalano et al.: Clinical Impact of PET/MR Imaging in Patients with Cancer Undergoing Same-Day PET/CT: Initial Experience in 134 Patients—A Hypothesis-generating Exploratory Study; Radiology, 2013

2. Rosenkratz et al.: Current Status of Hybrid PET/MRI in Oncologic Imaging; AJR, 2015

Figures

Figure 1. (Left) this is a prototype of the "Flexible PET (fxPET)", made by Shimadzu. the fxPET is a dual-head DOI-TOF PET scanner with MR compatibility. (Right) In this initial study, fxPET is equipped with 1.5T MR scanner.

Figure 2.(Left) the image of the NEMA phantom, in which dual heads were located in opposite position.

(Left middle) the image of a MR water phantom without the fxPET. (Right middle) a MR water phantom with the fxPET (power-off) (Right) (power-on)


Figure 3. a Grade3 anaplastic glioma Patient in her fifties.

Figure 4. a Glioblastoma patient in her sixties.

FIgure 5. the result of regression analysis of the SUVmax between FDG-PET-CT and fxPET/MRI.



Proc. Intl. Soc. Mag. Reson. Med. 24 (2016)
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