Long term excessive alcohol consumption causes serious physical and mental disease¹. Previous studies showed that, unlike cocaine and amphetamine that directly affects dopamine receptor system, chronic alcohol intake causes brain function abnormalities involving reward loop in an indirect way². The amygdala as a part of the brain’s reward system, plays an important role in brain function abnormalities in chronic alcoholics³. The functional connectivity method based on resting state functional magnetic resonance, reflects change of the brain blood oxygen level dependent signal with the time course in different regions, which is useful in understanding chronic alcoholics effect on brain activity. In this study, we explored the conditions of chronic alcoholics whole brain functional connectivity of the bilateral amygdaloid in resting state.Materials and Methods 33 chronic alcoholics and 36 healthy control subjects, matched in gender, age, education and handedness, were recruited in the present study. All the chronic alcoholics subjects were confirmed to reach moderate alcohol dependent level based on Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test(MAST) and Alcohol Use Questionnaire(ADS) .The resting state MR scanning was performed in a 3.0T superconducting system (GE Signa HDxt). The MRI data were preprocessed including head motion correction and spatial normalization into a standard space using MNI template using SPM. A spatial smoothing filter was then employed for each brain volume by convolution with an Gaussian kernel (FWHM=4). Two ROIs (radius = 6mm) containing left amygdala and right amygdala centered at (-24, 0, -16) and (24, 0, -16) were selected to obtain brain functional connectivity (FC), respectively. Two-sample t tests were performed in FC data between two groups using REST software. Correlation analysis between extracted each time series of brain regions and behavioral scores of MAST and ADS was conducted using Pearson correlation.Fig. 1 shows that, for left amygdaloid, the FC of left pars opercularis gyri frontalis inferiorista, bilateral supramarginal gyrus, left thalamus, bilateral paracentral lobule, left precentral gyrus, right pars orbitalis gyri frontalis inferiois and right superior temporal gyrus were significantly increased in the left amygdaloid, while left middle occipital gyrus, left cerebellar peduncle, left orbitofrontal region, left entorhinal cortex, right cerebellum inferior semi-Lunar lobule, right cerebellar parietal and superior frontal gyrus were significantly decreased in resting state in chronic alcoholism compared with healthy controls (P<0.05). For right amygdaloid as shown in Fig. 2, the FC of left pars triangularis gyri frontalis inferiorista, left middle temporal gyrus, the left caudate nucleus, the left precuneus, left paracentral lobule, left middle frontal gyrus, right angular gyrus were significantly increased while left cerebellar hemisphere, left orbifrontal area, right superior parietal lobule, medulla oblongata were significantly decreased in resting state in chronic alcoholism (P<0.05). In the correlation analysis, the left frontal lobe were significantly negatively correlated with MAST scores while the left frontal lobe, left precuneus, bilateral supramarginal gyrus, right cerebellum showed a significant positive correlation with ADS scores. Left amygdale’s function of chronic alcoholics was more easily damaged;the functional coordination of bilateral amygdala and cerebral cortex was enhanced,and the functional coordination of bilateral amygdala and cerebellum was weakened.Amygdala may be involved in regulating the function of fronto-cerebellar loops, and with closely relationship to alcohol-related brain damage in the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations.