The assessment of functional connectivity (FC) at resting state (RS) has demonstrated the presence of functionally relevant RS networks (RSNs) in the human brain [1]. Previous studies suggested the presence of cross-modal plasticity between sensory modalities when one sensory system is severely hit by pathology [2]. The assessment of large-scale network RS FC abnormalities may help to define the selectivity of system involvement (e.g., visual and motor network) in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) fulfilling the new 2015 criteria. Against this background, aim of this study was to compare RS FC within and among motor and sensory RSN between NMOSD, isolated recurrent optic neuritis (ON) and recurrent myelitis patients.RS fMRI was acquired from 30 right-handed NMOSD, 11 ON, 12 myelitis patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to identify the main sensory and motor networks [3]. Between-group comparison and correlations with motor performance (9-hole peg test and 10m-walking test) were assessed using SPM12. Inter-network connectivity modifications were estimated with a functional network connectivity (FNC) analysis [4].ICA analysis detected 7 spatial maps of potentially relevant sensory and motor RS networks. There were two networks related to sensorimotor areas, two networks associated with primary visual regions, two networks associated with secondary visual regions, and one network associated with auditory functions (Figure 1). Compared with HC, NMOSD patients showed decreased RS FC of the secondary visual network. They also showed increased RS FC of the visual and auditory networks vs HC, ON and myelitis patients. No sensorimotor RS FC abnormalities were detected. ON patients experienced decreased RS FC of the visual and auditory networks and increased RS FC of primary visual regions. Myelitis patients had reduced RS FC of the sensorimotor, visual and auditory networks vs HC, NMOSD and ON. They also showed increased RS FC of the precuneus (sensorimotor network) and cerebellum (visual network) (Figure 2). In all groups, decreased RS FC correlated with poor motor performance. In myelitis patients, increased precuneus RS FC correlated with a better motor performance. FNC between motor and visual RSNs was increased in NMOSD, while FNC was markedly decreased between primary and secondary visual RSNs in ON.In recurrent ON and myelitis, abnormal RS FC was observed in networks primarily affected by the pathological process. NMOSD showed decreased visual system RS FC and increased RS FC in other sensory networks, suggesting cross-modal plasticity among different sensory modalities.