Traumatic brain injury is a broad range of physical, cognitive, behavioural, and emotional impairments that depend on the type, severity and site of the injury¹. It is a significant global health problem and leading cause of death and disability. Stem cell transplantation has enormous potential to be a viable therapeutic approach to replace the lost cells following regeneration of tissues². Localized in vivo 1H MRS of the brain parenchyma provides information on several compounds of interest for monitoring changes in TBI³. Alteration of neurometabolites concentrations in TBI site and its recovery after transplantation became a promising interest. The behavioural improvements as well as recovery of metabolites occur after differentiation of transplanted stem cells at TBI site.To investigate the alteration of neurometabolic concentrations and its behavioural functional outcome in TBI mice after transplantation of MSCsTraumatic brain injury in female mice was carried out by free falling weight drop method. Three experimental groups were considered (8 mice per group): 1. Control, 2. TBI mouse, 3. TBI mouse + stem cells. MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of male Balb/c mice and cultured in DMEM-LG medium with 15% FBS. After 3^rd passage, MSCs (1x10⁶ cells in 200 µl PBS) were administered intravenously in tail of TBI mice and in vivo ¹H MRS was carried out in 7T Bruker Biospec USR 70/30, (AVANCE III) animal MRI after day 1, 7, 14 and 21. The control and TBI groups were injected with 200 µl of PBS. Localized proton spectra were acquired using a point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence. The voxel size of 1.5 × 3 × 1.5 mm³ was placed within the region of interest. All spectra were initially processed using Topspin 3.1 software provided on the scanner and raw data were analyzed using LC-model. The LC-model automatically calculates the metabolite concentrations and the uncertainties using Cramér–Rao lower bound (CRLB) formalism. An estimate was considered as relevant when the corresponding bound was found below 20%. Behavioural studies like stress level, grip strength and depression index were carried out on day-21.The MRS spectra of control, TBI and TBI+ stem cells mice were shown in Figure 1. Quantitative analysis demonstrated that metabolites like NAA, GABA, Cr+Pcr, Glu+Gln and taurine were decreased after TBI and other metabolites like inositol and phosphocholine were increased (day-7). After transplantation of MSCs, the metabolites levels were altered and the concentrations came to its normal on day-21(Figure 2). Improvements in behavioural activities were observed stress level, grip strength and depression index (Figure 3). These changes provide evidence of altered cellular metabolic status after TBI, with specific status, bioenergetics, oxidative stress, inflammation and cell membrane disruption. Our results support the utility of ¹H-MRS in TBI pathology and its potential approach for preclinical evaluation of novel therapies.The neurometabolic profile can provide valuable insight into the complex, dynamic responses of the TBI brain. This information may be useful for facilitating translation of novel therapies. Altered cellular metabolic status and improvement in functional behaviour in TBI mice indicates the therapeutic potential of stem cells. This ¹H-MRS may be used as a tool and become increasingly valuable for developing novel cellular therapies.